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GAZPROM NEFT Company profile a Strategic report e S Performance n a Technological development ri Governance system e b GEOGRAPHICALSustainable development FOOTPRINT i S Appendices t 21. s Ea 18. Gazprom Neft Baren ts S 17. ea on the world 9. k f ts Pe o o cho h ra a k Se e O a S 19. map Belgium 20. Russia St Petersburg Estonia 5. 15. Latvia 16. 3. 14. Belarus 11. 1. Moscow 2. 13. 6. 12. Serbia 4. 7. Romania 10. Italy Bosnia and Herzegovina 8. Gazprom The geographic range Bulgaria of the company’s presence Kazakhstan includes1 countries Neft worldwide 110 Kyrgyzstan in Russia Iraq Tajikistan Head office St Petersburg 1. Moscow 12. Tomsk Oblast 2. Irkutsk Oblast 13. Tyumen Oblast Subsoil rights 3. Krasnoyarsk Krai 14. Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra Hydrocarbon production Upstream assets in Production facilities in Refining 4. Moscow Oblast 15. Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug16. Oils and lubricants (production) 5. Nenets Autonomous Okrug 16. Yaroslavl Oblast Bitumen products (production) countries countries 6 6 6. Nizhny Novgorod Okrug 17. Barents Sea Petrochemicals 7. Omsk Oblast 18. East Siberian Sea Bunkering business Filling stations 8. Orenburg Oblast 19. Sea of Okhotsk 9. Sakha Republic (Yakutia) 20. Pechora Sea Angola 10. Ryazan Oblast 21. Chukchi Sea Singapore 11. Smolensk Oblast / 1 / Including Russia. 6 ANNUAL REPORT 2019 a e S n a ri e ib S t 21. s a E 18. B arents Se 17. a 9. k f ts Pe o o cho h ra a k Se e O a S 19. Belgium 20. Russia St Petersburg Estonia 5. 15. Latvia 16. 3. 14. Belarus 11. 1. Moscow 2. 13. 6. 12. Serbia 4. 7. Romania 10. Italy Bosnia and Herzegovina 8. Bulgaria Gazprom Kazakhstan Neft Kyrgyzstan in Russia Iraq Tajikistan Head office St Petersburg 1. Moscow 12. Tomsk Oblast 2. Irkutsk Oblast 13. Tyumen Oblast Subsoil rights 3. Krasnoyarsk Krai 14. Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra Hydrocarbon production Products sold in Refining 4. Moscow Oblast 15. Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug16. Oils and lubricants (production) 5. Nenets Autonomous Okrug 16. Yaroslavl Oblast Bitumen products (production) countries >100 6. Nizhny Novgorod Okrug 17. Barents Sea Petrochemicals 7. Omsk Oblast 18. East Siberian Sea Bunkering business Filling stations 8. Orenburg Oblast 19. Sea of Okhotsk 9. Sakha Republic (Yakutia) 20. Pechora Sea Angola 10. Ryazan Oblast 21. Chukchi Sea Singapore 11. Smolensk Oblast 01 THE COMPANY TODAY 7.

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Oil Industry and Reindeer Herding: The Problems of Implementing Indigenous Rights in the Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia Anna Degteva Thesis submitted for the degree: Master of Philosophy in Indigenous Studies Faculty of Social Science, University of Tromsø Spring 2006 Co-funded by “The Challenge of Indigenousness: Politics of Rights, Resources and Knowledge”. Oil Industry and Reindeer Herding: The Problems of Implementing Indigenous Rights In the Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia Anna Degteva Master Thesis Spring 2006 Master of Philosophy in Indigenous Studies Faculty of Social Sciences University of Tromsø Co-funded by: ““The Challenge of Indigenousness: Politics of Rights, Resources and Knowledge.” Centre for Sami Studies, University of Tromsø i ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank many people and institutions without whom this thesis would never have come true. First, I am grateful to the University of Tromsø (UiTø) for the opportunity to do the Master Programe in Indigenous Studies and for the resources available. I am thankful to Indra Øverland for his initial help in launching this project. For considerable financial support a special thanks goes to the research project “The Challenge of Indigenousness: Politics of Rights, Resources and Knowledge” at the Centre for Sami Studies, UiTø. I am most thankful to Professor Ivar Bjørklund at Tromsø Museum for supervising this paper with consistency, patience and good humour. I am grateful to Winfried Dallmann at the Norwegian Polar Institute, who has spent many hours helping me to make the maps for this thesis. Thank you also for the front-page picture. My deep gratitude goes to the people I met during my fieldwork in Khorey-Ver and Naryan-Mar.
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Second Report Submitted by the Russian Federation Pursuant to The
ACFC/SR/II(2005)003 SECOND REPORT SUBMITTED BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 25, PARAGRAPH 2 OF THE FRAMEWORK CONVENTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF NATIONAL MINORITIES (Received on 26 April 2005) MINISTRY OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION REPORT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PROVISIONS OF THE FRAMEWORK CONVENTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF NATIONAL MINORITIES Report of the Russian Federation on the progress of the second cycle of monitoring in accordance with Article 25 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities MOSCOW, 2005 2 Table of contents PREAMBLE ..............................................................................................................................4 1. Introduction........................................................................................................................4 2. The legislation of the Russian Federation for the protection of national minorities rights5 3. Major lines of implementation of the law of the Russian Federation and the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities .............................................................15 3.1. National territorial subdivisions...................................................................................15 3.2 Public associations – national cultural autonomies and national public organizations17 3.3 National minorities in the system of federal government............................................18 3.4 Development of Ethnic Communities’ National
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The Role of the Republic of Karelia in Russia's Foreign and Security Policy
Eidgenössische “Regionalization of Russian Foreign and Security Policy” Technische Hochschule Zürich Project organized by The Russian Study Group at the Center for Security Studies and Conflict Research Andreas Wenger, Jeronim Perovic,´ Andrei Makarychev, Oleg Alexandrov WORKING PAPER NO.5 MARCH 2001 The Role of the Republic of Karelia in Russia’s Foreign and Security Policy DESIGN : SUSANA PERROTTET RIOS This paper gives an overview of Karelia’s international security situation. The study By Oleg B. Alexandrov offers an analysis of the region’s various forms of international interactions and describes the internal situation in the republic, its economic conditions and its potential for integration into the European or the global economy. It also discusses the role of the main political actors and their attitude towards international relations. The author studies the general problem of center-periphery relations and federal issues, and weighs their effects on Karelia’s foreign relations. The paper argues that the international contacts of the regions in Russia’s Northwest, including those of the Republic of Karelia, have opened up opportunities for new forms of cooperation between Russia and the EU. These contacts have en- couraged a climate of trust in the border zone, alleviating the negative effects caused by NATO’s eastward enlargement. Moreover, the region benefits economi- cally from its geographical situation, but is also moving towards European standards through sociopolitical modernization. The public institutions of the Republic
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Vehicle Registration Plates of Russia
Vehicle registration plates of Russia Russian registration plate, as observed in 2007 -177 stands for Moscow. Russian registration plate, as observed in 2007 -51 stands for Murmansk Oblast. Russian registration plate, as observed in 2004 -78 stands for Saint-Petersburg. Russian registration plate for trailers In Russia, the plate format has changed since the collapse of the Soviet Union. Soviet plates prior to 1982 were white-on-black. They had combination of four digits, grouped by two and three Cyrillic letters. Rear plate was square with letters located below the numbers. From those letters, first two indicated the region. For example, 75-63 КЛЖ combination referred to a car from the Kaliningrad Region. After 1982 a new black-on-white format for newly registered cars was adopted. The current format uses a letter followed by 3 digits and two more letters. To improve legibility of the numbers for Russian cars abroad, only a small subset of Cyrillic characters that look like Latin characters are used (12 letters: А, В, Е, К, М, Н, О, Р, С, Т, У, Х). Finally, the region number (77, 99, 97, 177 and now 199 for Moscow, 78 and 98 for Saint-Petersburg) and letters "RUS" are included, as well as the national flag (the flag was not used on some of the earliest plates of this format). There is a different format for trailers (4 digits and 2 letters). The standard size for the license plate is 520 mm by 110 mm. Trucks and buses generally have their license numbers painted on them in large letters on the rear of the vehicle, although they also bear license plates.
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INDIGENOUS PEOPLES RIGHTS and UNREPORTED STRUGGLES CONFLICT and PEACE---Interior
ISBN 978-0-692-88605-2 Structural Violence Against Indigenous Peoples: Russian Federation1 Ulia Gosart Introduction Traditionally, the idea of violence evokes the use of brutal force against one or many individuals. Often, however, brutal conduct originates far from the actual site of violence. Domestic and sexual violence, violence among and against youth, and violence upon oneself are usually consequences of other factors. Scholars refer to these indirect factors as structural violence. They examine the effects of institutional bureaucracies and normative institutions that sustain the systematic denial of rights to citizens.2 Historical records indicate that structural violence is an effective form of long-term population oppression by means of laws and societal norms. Structural violence supports privileged positions among the elite, who use it to prioritize their own political agendas and sustaining ideologies. Its effects are manifested in disparities in political opportunities and social standing. 1. I am very grateful to Elsa Stamatopoulou for encouraging me to focus on this subject matter by providing an opportunity to share the findings from my research with Columbia University students and the Columbia University community, and for inviting me to contribute to this publication. I am also thankful to my great colleagues Dan Haley and Pamela Grieman for their help in editing this work. Finally, I would like to thank the UCLA American Indian Studies Center for supporting my research. 2. The following studies informed a conception of structural violence used in this work: for studies of violent conduct from the point of resource mobilization, see D. Gupta, Understanding Terrorism and Political Violence: The Life Cycle of Birth, Growth, Transformation, and Demise (New York: Routledge, 2008), 25–7; for an investigation of the connections between emotions and political violence, see R.
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Implementing Pollution Control in Federal Russia: How Context Matters and Why Multi-Level Implementation Has a Long Way to Go
Please do not circulate, cite, or copy this document without the author’s permission Implementing pollution control in federal Russia: How context matters and why multi-level implementation has a long way to go. Paper to be presented at: International Conference on Public Policy Milan, Italy, July 01-04, 2015 Elena Gorianova Department of Politics and Contemporary European Studies School of Law, Politics and Sociology University of Sussex [email protected] Abstract With environmental policy taking the centre stage of this academic investigation, this paper concentrates its analysis on the federal system of Russia. A focused comparative analysis takes up the under-researched field of pollution-control regulation in the Post-Soviet extraction industry and explores it through a case-study of two very different Russian regions – Republic of Tatarstan and Nenets Autonomous Okrug. The analysis reveals a range of problems presented by regional contextual differences and how these can influence the “beyond compliance” efforts in different regions. It is also revealed why certain instruments may work in one region and not in another. The paper concludes that the local level is most suited for analysis if significant advance is to be made with implementation of the environmental policy objectives. Key words: environmental regulation, Russian Federation, beyond compliance, regional context. Introduction The traditional approaches to analysing implementation have overly focused on the assumption of a top-down model of implementation. Using compliance as a measure of implementation has further exacerbated the top-down perception of the process in academic research and in government analysis alike. However, non-compliance does not necessarily imply poor implementation, just as successful implementation cannot always guarantee full compliance.
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The Impact of Climate Change on the Food (In)Security of the Siberian Indigenous Peoples in the Arctic: Environmental and Health Risks
sustainability Article The Impact of Climate Change on the Food (In)security of the Siberian Indigenous Peoples in the Arctic: Environmental and Health Risks Elena Bogdanova 1,2,* , Sergei Andronov 2,3 , Andrei Soromotin 4 , Gennady Detter 5 , Oleg Sizov 6 , Kamrul Hossain 7 , Dele Raheem 7 and Andrey Lobanov 2,3,* 1 Department of Economics and Management, Northern Arctic Federal University, 163002 Arkhangelsk, Russia 2 Federal Autonomous Scientific Institution “Eastern State Planning Centre”, 680000 Khabarovsk, Russia; [email protected] 3 Laboratory for Studying the Mechanisms of Physical Factors Action, Center for Testing and Examination of Natural Healing Resources, National Medical Research Center for Rehabilitation and Balneology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 121099 Moscow, Russia 4 Institute of Ecology and Natural Resources Management, Tyumen State University, 625000 Tyumen, Russia; [email protected] 5 Arctic Scientific Research Centre of Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, 629008 Salekhard, Russia; [email protected] 6 Laboratory of Integrated Geological and Geophysical Study and Development of Oil and Gas Resources of the Continental Shelf, Oil and Gas Research Institute RAS, 119333 Moscow, Russia; [email protected] 7 Northern Institute of Environmental and Minority Law, Arctic Center of the Lapland University, 96101 Rovaniemi, Finland; kamrul.hossain@ulapland.fi (K.H.); bamidele.raheem@ulapland.fi (D.R.) * Correspondence: [email protected] (E.B.); [email protected] (A.L.) Citation: Bogdanova, E.; Andronov, S.; Soromotin, A.; Detter, G.; Sizov, O.; Abstract: Climate change represents a global challenge that impacts the environment, traditional Hossain, K.; Raheem, D.; Lobanov, A. lifestyle and health of the Indigenous Peoples in the Arctic zone of Western Siberia and threatens The Impact of Climate Change on the their food security.
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Russian Analytical Digest No 57: the Political Role of Russia's Regions
No. 57 17 March 2009 russian analytical digest www.res.ethz.ch www.laender-analysen.de The PoliTical Role of Russia’s Regions ■ ANALYSIS Building a New Political Machine 2 By Grigorii Golosov, St. Petersburg ■ ANALYSIS Rostov Oblast: Transformations during the Economic Crisis 6 By Maksim Vaskov, Rostov-na-Donu ■ ANALYSIS Political and Economic Changes Come Slowly to Marii El 9 Sergei Poduzov, Ioshkar-Ola ■ GRAPHS Rostov and Marii El Regions – Key Data Compared 11 ■ MAP Federal Subjects of Russia 13 ■ DOCUMENTATION Russia’s Regions. A Statistical Overview 14 German Association for Research Centre for East Center for Security DGO East European Studies European Studies, Bremen Studies, ETH Zurich russian analytical russian analytical digest 57/09 digest analysis Building a New Political Machine By Grigorii Golosov, St. Petersburg Abstract The United Russia “party of power” dominated the March 1 regional elections. Whereas in the past, it gained support by providing the voters with a constantly rising standard of living, now it must rely on a new mech- anism. The components of this political system include limited competition among a small number of po- litical parties, falsification of results when necessary, placing the regional electoral commissions under the regional leaders, and depriving elections of all political content. At the regional level, governors have built up political machines to ensure sufficient turnout to demonstrate the population’s loyalty to the authori- ties. These machines operate through the regional media, material enticements, and election day entertain- ment at the polls. United Russia Dominates March Regional cial contract” between the authorities and the popula- Elections tion, presumably one in which the people swap loyal- Russia had its latest twice-yearly round of regional elec- ty for improving economic conditions, now the mech- tions on March 1.
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Komi Reindeer Herding: the Effects of Socialist and Post-Socialist
Komi reindeer herding: the effects of socialist and post-socialist change on mobility and land usepor_108 282..297 Mark J. Dwyer1 & Kirill V. Istomin2 1 Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Downing Place, Cambridge, CB2 3EN, UK 2 Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology, Advokatenweg 36, DE-06114 Halle/Saale, Germany Keywords Abstract Komi; post-socialism; reindeer herding; Russia; social change; socialism. This paper contributes to the discussion concerning the way in which Soviet state policies have influenced the lives, social organization, economy and Correspondence culture of a group of indigenous Komi reindeer herders of northern Russia: its K. V. Istomin, Max Planck Institute for main focus is to explain how these policies have changed the herders’ patterns Social Anthropology, Advokatenweg 36, of migration and land use. Extensive anthropological fieldwork—to determine DE-06114 Halle/Saale, Germany. E-mail: current and past herding practices—was carried out and archives were thor- [email protected] oughly investigated to document land use changes in relation to state reindeer doi:10.1111/j.1751-8369.2009.00108.x herding policies. It was found that compared with those of several decades ago, the migration routes are now much shorter, as the herders have abandoned large areas of winter pastures located in the southernmost part of their herding territory. This “abandonment” phenomenon is endemic amongst reindeer herders generally, throughout the Komi Republic. Whereas the reasons for the abandonment of winter pastures are diverse, they can be attributed mostly to the state sedentarization policy, which has modified the family structures of herders, and the continuing decreases in state subsidies that have changed the balance between state and private ownership of reindeer.
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Russian Regional Flags: Flags of the Subjects of the Russian Federation
Russian Federal Subjects 79 Magadan Oblast Магаданская область / Magadanskaia oblast’ Year Adopted: 2001 Proportions: 2:3 Designer: unknown Federal District: Far Eastern Administrative Center: Magadan Population: 162,969 Magadan Oblast’s flag incorporates the national colors of Russia. It has a red field with a series of blue and white waves running horizontally along the bottom 1/4 of the flag. The scalloped points of the lower white waves align with troughs of the upper white waves. These waves represent the oblast’s location on Russia’s east coast. In the upper hoist are the arms of the oblast. The upper portion of the arms shows a geology hammer and pick behind a pyramid of silver and gold ingots, symbols of prosperity, well-being, and mining—the economic base of the region. In the left portion of the arms are a hydroelectric dam and an airplane. These symbols emphasize the importance of the hydroelectric industry and the connection of Magadan Oblast to the rest of Russia. In the right portion are three golden fish, representing the importance of the fishing industry. Sources: Magadanskaia oblast’, “Simvolika regiona”, http://www.magadan.ru/region/gerb.php, accessed 15 June 2008; “Flag Magadanskoi oblasti”, Geral’dika.ru, http://geraldika.ru/symbols/130, accessed 20 June 2008; “Magadanskaia oblast’”, Vexillographia: Flagi Rossii, http://www.vexillographia.ru/russia/subjects/magadan.htm, accessed 1 August 2008; Borisov and Kozina, p. 180; Saprykov (2004), p. 56; Saprykov (2006), p. 55; Smetannikov, p. 66; Solov’ëv, p. 200-201; “Magadan Region (Russia)”, FOTW Flags of the World, http://www.crwflags.com/FOTW/flags/ru-49.html, accessed 27 June 2008.
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Online Education in the Russian Arctic: Employers’ Confidence and Educational Institutions’ Readiness
sustainability Article Online Education in the Russian Arctic: Employers’ Confidence and Educational Institutions’ Readiness Konstantin S. Zaikov 1,* , Aleksandr A. Saburov 2, Aleksandr M. Tamitskiy 1 and Aleksey S. Nikiforov 2 1 Department of Regional Studies, International Relations and Political Sciences, Northern (Arctic) Federal University Named after M.V. Lomonosov, 163002 Arkhangelsk, Russia; [email protected] 2 Institute for Strategic Development of the Arctic, Northern (Arctic) Federal University Named after M.V. Lomonosov, 163002 Arkhangelsk, Russia; [email protected] (A.A.S.); [email protected] (A.S.N.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +7-953-2660586 Abstract: The rapid spread of online learning demonstrates that it is becoming one of the trends in the development of vocational education in the modern world. Along with the obvious advantages of online learning such as cost reduction, cross-border opportunities for receiving it, and adaptability for students, educational institutions encounter specific difficulties: a lack of optimal teaching methods, inflexibility of the institutional environment to the use of new teaching technologies, the transformation of communication between teachers and students, and technological unpreparedness for the development of online learning. At the same time, the need to solve the problem of accessibility of education and fill the shortage of labor resources in Russia, in particular its Arctic zone (AZRF), will contribute to the spread of online learning practices. To consider developing online education, this article, on the one hand, presents the results of a study of the regional employers’ confidence Citation: Zaikov, K.S.; Saburov, A.A.; in education in a non-traditional format and, on the other hand, shows the readiness of vocational Tamitskiy, A.M.; Nikiforov, A.S.
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Food Sovereignty of the Indigenous Peoples in the Arctic Zone of Western Siberia: Response to COVID-19 Pandemic
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