Thinking of buying a towcar?

Your easy guide towards choosing a towcar Outfit matching Choosing a towbar Which body style to choose Which engine to go for What to avoid Choosing and buying a towcar

If you’re thinking of buying a towcar there’ll Considering buying a towcar is quite a big step, with a be loads of questions you’d like answered. commitment to invest a fair amount of money. Well, we at The Caravan Club want to help you, And, if you’ve no experience of towcars, things like so we’ve compiled some of the basics such as “What type of towcar should I buy?” and “How much will what to look for ...and what to avoid. it be able to tow?” may seem like almost unanswerable questions. This leaflet probably won’t tell you absolutely everything you’ve ever wanted to know about towcars, but we are sure it will point you in the right direction.

You can also find more detailed help on The Caravan Club website www.caravanclub.co.uk.

So, let’s get you started on your first step to towcar purchase and an enjoyable future of trouble-free touring...

CONTENTS

Choosing the right towcar Glossary Choosing the right towcar will go a long way to Making sense of the terminology – page 14. ensuring that your towing experience is enjoyable and relaxed – as well as safe and legal of course. Noseweight Limits We’ll steer you through the various options on pages 3 and 4. A useful table full of the most popular makes and models and their noseweights – pages 15-18. Matching your towcar to your caravan Outfit weight ratio, power to weight ratio, torque and gearing – All the variables that should be taken into account for matching your towcar can be found in pages 5-9.

Go Green…go caravanning Touring is a wonderful way to get close to nature and is one of the greenest options for a holiday. Take a look at pages 10-12 for more information on how to maximize your economy and decrease environmental damage.

Useful Conversions A collection of guides and tables to help you achieve the best performance from your towcar and caravan – page 13.

2 Choosing the right towcar Choosing a towcar couldn’t be easier

In today’s busy world anything that saves time is a real boon. We’ve put all the essential info you’ll need in the first few pages of this leaflet. If you want to delve more deeply into the technical world of weights and power ratios you’ll find more detailed help on pages 6 to 10.

Caravanning is a lot of fun, and part of the fun should be the journey, not just the destination. Choosing the right towcar will go a long way to ensuring that your towing experience is enjoyable and relaxed, as well as being safe and legal, of course.

The most important things to remember when choosing your towcar are to: match the weight of your towcar to your caravan carefully (outfit weight ratio). And, get a towcar with sufficient pulling power to tow a caravan Towcar of the year (power to weight ratio). At The Caravan Club we’ve done all the hard work for If we all had unlimited funds (and little regard for the you. The Towcar of the Year Awards were created to environment) the solution would be simple, just buy the enable you to make informed decisions when choosing heaviest most powerful car and both problems are a towcar and to keep you up to date with the latest solved instantly. However, in reality most of us need an innovations and trends in car design. economical, moderately sized car for daily use that can The awards also encourage relationships between car also be used as a towcar for touring. Hopefully once manufacturers and The Club to benefit everyone. The you’ve read this leaflet you’ll be on your way to finding 2009 awards saw 19 manufacturers enter 38 vehicles the perfect balance to fit both bills. into the awards – all of which were tested rigorously by our team.

To find out the most recent winners just visit The Caravan Club website. You’ll find all of our past winners there too, which you might find useful if you are considering buying a second-hand towcar.

The Škoda Superb 2.0 TDI won the 2009 Towcar of the Year Awards.

Go to caravanclub.co.uk/practical for courses and DVDs

3 Outfit matching

If technical and mathematical calculations are not your thing The Caravan Club will do all the work for you. Outfit Matching is the term used to describe whether a particular car and caravan are suitable for use together. We use a computer database of car and caravan technical details, plus extensive archives of manufacturers’ information and test reports, to provide detailed information very quickly. Just give us a call on: 01342 326 944. All you’ll need to know is your:

Car:- Make Model So I don’t need to know anything else? Body Style Derivative/Trimstyle Well they do say knowledge is power, and with caravans Engine size and type and towcars, power is essential. Great as the outfit Year or registration number matching service is, we can’t know everything about the weight of your caravan and car; particularly when fully Caravan:- laden with people, pets, food, the half dozen surfboards Make you’re taking, or the number of golf clubs or fishing rods Range you’ll need. With this in mind it’s worth understanding Model some technical terms and some simple rules of thumb in No. of berths relation to choosing the right towcar for you. We’ve put Year of manufacture together a few of the most important.

Go to caravanclub.co.uk/outfit-match for a free outfit matching service

4 Matching your towcar to your caravan Outfit weight ratio What is torque?

The ideal is to have the heaviest practical towcar for Torque is the turning power generated by an engine. your caravan. The heavier the car, the less likely you are Good torque at low engine speeds will allow easy pulling to experience a swaying or snaking caravan. Try and aim away, and towing with a minimum of gear changing. for an ALW (total weight of your caravan including what Manufacturers generally only quote maximum torque you add) of no more than 85% of the car’s kerb weight and the speed at which it is produced. However many and it’s very unwise to exceed 100%. When you have engines nowadays produce 90%+ of maximum torque established your caravan’s ALW, multiply it by 1.2 as a from 2500 to 4000 rpm, so a quoted maximum at 4500- guide to the kerb weight of the car to aim for. 5000 rpm need not necessarily be bad for towing. Even a high-speed maximum torque can be sufficient if first It’s worth noting that if you get The Caravan Club to do gear is low enough to pull away, subsequently the gear- an outfit match assessment for you, they’ll usually base change in this case will be light, so frequent changes it on a ‘worst case scenario’ of the car’s kerb weight (i.e. aren’t a strain. Alternatively, you can choose an the lightest the car can be) and the caravan’s MTPLM automatic gearbox, where the torque converter usually (i.e. the heaviest the caravan can be). As we don’t know solves the problem. exactly what you will be loading into your caravan and car, it’s worth getting to know your Actual Laden Weight Petrol, diesel or turbo? so you can better understand your towcar options. It does seem that diesel engines are definitely the way Power to weight ratio forward in touring especially if you think you’ll be touring a great deal. Most of the recent Towcar of the Power to weight ratio is usually measured in brake Year winners (and class winners) have been diesels, and horsepower per tonne (bhp/tonne). Many caravanners 70% of Club members choose a diesel car. take great pride in working out the best possible balance between all the weight and power ratios and will go to great lengths to make sure every variable has been accounted for. Whilst this can be very satisfying, when you are just starting out in touring it can all be a bit overwhelming. The simplest rule of thumb to remember is to aim for 40 bhp/tonne of the train weight, i.e. everything in the outfit that the engine has to pull – laden car and laden caravan. This is a minimum target figure for allowing reasonable performance, not delaying other traffic and having sufficient power for overtaking. Of course the more powerful your car the easier and safer it will be.

There are other factors that you can take into consideration such as gearing, torque characteristics and Modern diesels are lively and refined, yet retain their aerodynamics, to name but a few, and if you feel you’d inherent characteristics of good fuel economy and good like to fully explore all the variables please read on. torque delivery. The issue of ‘turbo or not turbo’ has become easier to solve in recent years too. Almost all cars with engine capacities under 2.5l tend to be turbocharged just like the larger engine diesel models. Diesels tend to have a longer life and hold their value better than petrol powered vehicles.

Go to caravanclub.co.uk/outfit-match for a free outfit matching service

5 The down side is that diesel and turbo diesel engines converter allows crawling pace, where a manual’s clutch initially cost more than petrol. It’s always worth checking would slip and wear. Also when starting off from rest the manufacturer’s towing limit before buying too because the action of the torque converter gives a torque occasionally the petrol version will be able to tow more. magnification factor approaching 2:1, i.e. when the converter output is at rest or turning slowly the torque is maximum and the output torque exceeds the input torque – ideal when towing.

Other benefits are less wear and tear on the , easy re-starts on hills and reversing to hitch up, and perfectly adequate gear control with the selector. With all these advantages there must also be some disadvantages surely? One penalty with older three speed automatics is higher fuel consumption, loss of performance and increased heat production. However, with more modern five, six, seven (and soon eight) speed automatics these problems have virtually been How gearing affects towing eliminated. As there are occasionally exceptions to this, it is still worth checking the manufacturer’s fuel More gears give improved ability to match the engine to consumption data. The manufacturer’s towing limit is the road speed in an optimum way, giving better fuel sometimes lower with automatic transmissions, however economy, improved emissions performance and quieter diesel models remain comparatively rare, but they are high speed cruising. It is also said that a vehicle showing worth hunting out. good midrange acceleration times (normally 50-70 mph) should be a good towcar. Modern cars will regularly achieve times of under 7 seconds for this measure, but those which do so in 4th or higher gears are likely to be best for towing. Figures that only show good performance when in 3rd gear are probably best avoided, since this could be an indication of a ‘peaky’, inflexible engine.

A partial guide to a car’s tow-ability is the road speed at which maximum torque is achieved for every 1000 rpm in top gear. If the figure quoted is 21 mph (in top gear) and maximum torque is quoted at 3000 rpm, then multiply 3 (thousand) by 21 = 63 mph. This suggests that at about the maximum legal towing speed on a UK Front, rear or four wheel drive? motorway, such a car would be ‘pulling’ at its strongest – The majority of cars under 3 litres are front wheel drive this should mean it will be able to maintain a steady (fwd), although there are still rear wheel drive (rwd) types speed in spite of moderate hills, for instance. Too high a available, such as BMWs and some Mercedes. It has been figure for this calculation and the car will ‘run out of said that rwd is preferable because no amount of loading breath’ very easily in top gear, forcing you to change and caravan noseweight (see noseweight section later on down at the slightest gradient. in this leaflet) can lift the driven wheels off the road. Is an automatic a good towcar? However most fwd cars tow very competently, you just need to check the car manufacturer’s noseweight limit One way to avoid problems created by less than ideal and rear axle limits are observed. Most experts would say torque is to choose an automatic gearbox. They’re they offer significant advantages, due to safer handling ideally suited for caravan towing because their torque characteristics.

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6 Areas where fwd performance can be compromised get the best out of the car. Thankfully, though, the days while towing are on hill starts, or on wet grass/mud, of being confused over which of the three gear sticks in where it is not uncommon for the front wheels to your new off-roader you need at any particular time scrabble for grip. However, the majority of more recent have largely disappeared, with most of the selection now cars likely to be chosen as towcars now have traction being electronically controlled. control systems which largely address these problems. Traction control is great, but there is usually a button to turn it off. This is because it works by applying the brake, and sometimes reducing the power, to any drive wheel that’s spinning. But in some circumstances (deep mud, or a slippery hill start, perhaps), you need the wheels to spin to let the engine rev high enough to produce enough power to get you moving.

For caravanning purposes, you can divide four wheel drive (4WD or 4x4) vehicles into three main categories: the true all-terrain vehicles (Range Rover, Discovery, Shogun, Trooper, Landcruiser etc), the ‘lifestyle’ off roaders, which are lighter and smaller-engined ( Vitara, X-Trail, RAV4, etc), and high- performance road going passenger cars (Audi, Subaru etc). Four wheel drive can either be selectable, just for Many caravanners see a 4x4 as the ‘ultimate’ towcar. slippery off-road moments, or permanent, leading to Certainly, if you need a heavy car to match a large enhanced acceleration and cornering due to improved caravan, then this may be your only option. You might traction. want to hold off from going straight to your nearest 4x4 dealer however, particularly if you passed your driving test anytime after 1st January 1997. If this is the case you can only legally tow an outfit with a combined maximum allowable mass of 3500kg (and the trailer MAM must not exceed the kerb weight of the car) unless you take an additional driving test. Unfortunately many 4x4s will exceed this limit with almost any caravan. For more info have a look at The Caravan Club’s leaflet ‘Driving Licences in a Nutshell’.

A large 4x4 will almost certainly deliver excellent pulling performance, great hill start ability, and the confidence of always being able to get off a muddy field after a weekend’s rain. Increasing sophistication of the control systems for such transmissions means that many models now have Some small 4x4s are less competent, and may not have multiple modes of operation, and variable degrees of especially high kerb weights, towing limits or noseweight automatic selection as to which wheel the power is capabilities. It’s worth being aware that just because directed. This is one class of vehicle where you should it’s called a 4x4, doesn’t necessarily mean it’s ideal for spend some time reading the handbook, if you want to towing a large caravan. Of course 4x4s do have their

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7 disadvantages too. The high running costs (including towing ability. Self levelling suspension is a great boon, high fuel consumption) are among the most but often a costly option or only found on the higher problematic, while sadly, reliability and refinement models. Citröen have been a notable exception to the cannot always be taken as read, for what are usually rule in this regard, and their success over the years at premium price vehicles. Interior space is sometimes Towcar of the Year must be due in some part to this. The compromised because you need to leave room for the need to add rear suspension aids (see our leaflet on the heavy-duty mechanical bits and pieces. The turning subject, ‘Rear Suspension Aids’ for more details) is rare circle is often limited too, making parking more of a these days. The choice between saloon, hatchback or challenge than normal. estate will often come down to practicality – if you need to carry more luggage, especially odd shaped items like The sheer size of some of the ‘proper’ off roaders can be awning poles, deck chairs and all the other ‘essentials’ a mixed blessing – while many owners like the feeling of we find we need when going on holiday, then generally safety and security that results from this, you may find a hatchback will swallow more than a saloon, and an you can’t get your new car into your garage. estate will take more than a hatchback. Towing with an all-terrain vehicle may invalidate some caravan manufacturers’ warranty; you can check this in the caravan manual or by contacting the manufacturer direct. Al-Ko Kober, one of the most popular caravan chassis manufacturers, issued advice some years ago about towing with an off-road leisure vehicle – in general terms, UK-market caravans are expected to be towed primarily on prepared roads, with a small amount of manoeuvring likely on softer ground such as caravan sites. In these circumstances, the use of leisure type four- wheel drive vehicles (those with car-like suspension) is fine, given usual careful driving. 4x4 versions of conventional passenger cars tend to be relatively heavy compared to their two wheel drive variants, which make them good matches for medium to heavy caravans. They’ll have many of the advantages of bigger 4x4s (improved traction for slippery roads and hill starts), but seldom have the real off-road ability of a true all terrain vehicle, because of limited ground clearance ‘Multi Purpose Vehicles’ (MPVs or ‘people carriers’) are and ‘road’ rather than ‘off-road’ tyres. now very popular. These often have a relatively high kerb weight and short rear overhang, which are great for What body style should I choose? towing. The high and flexible seating positions and good luggage space are also bonuses while touring or during The distance from your towcar’s rear axle to your towball normal use. You might find that some models are quite is described as ‘rear overhang’. With towcars a short rear low-powered for the size of vehicle, and hence will not overhang is best. If your car has a long rear overhang, as be especially lively when loaded or towing. Also, some some large saloons do, you may find you’ll need to use manufacturers may consider that the high internal load suspension aids to combat your towcar’s depressed rear capacity (often 7 people plus luggage) means that a end. You may also find that you’re pitching and swaying relatively low towing limit and/or noseweight limit is on the roads – ‘a case of the tail wagging the dog’. appropriate for the car. Others quote variable limits – Many estate variants have updated, adjustable or even i.e. you can carry lots of payload in the car, or tow a self-levelling suspension to cope with their enhanced heavy caravan, but not do both at once. As always, load-carrying capacity, and this can also benefit their check in the car handbook before buying.

Go to caravanclub.co.uk/outfit-match for a free outfit matching service

8 Choosing a towbar

Today’s fuel-efficient cars are quite lightly-built and have metal panels designed to crumple in an accident. Attaching a rigid towbar to such a structure, to accept the considerable vertical and horizontal forces from the caravan, is now quite an art. Your car manufacturer will specify at what points the attachment should be made, and often provide pre-drilled and threaded points for the bolts. From 1st August 1998 most new cars have to be fitted with a towbar meeting European Directive 94/20/EC, which should guarantee the towbar’s performance. What is noseweight? For older cars it’s best to invest a few pounds when buying your towbar, – insist on one which states that the Noseweight is the maximum weight your caravan can design has been tested to the British (BS AU114) or put on a car’s towball, as set by the car manufacturer. similar International (ISO3853) Standard. Any claim that You can measure your caravan noseweight (do this when a towbar is ‘designed to’ or ‘meets’ the Standard is bogus it’s laden) with a noseweight gauge, which you can pick – it must have been tested to the Standard. up from an accessory shop for about £15. The noseweight limit marked on the bracket may It’s important to have enough noseweight when you’re sometimes be higher than the noseweight limit for that stationary, research shows that noseweight decreases particular model of car (since the same towbar may be on the move because of aerodynamic loads on your used on a range of vehicle models). Check in the car caravan. This shouldn’t cause stability problems provided handbook, and work to the lower of any specified values. you have sufficient noseweight to start with. You’ll find more info on The Caravan Club’s website.

Car manufacturers quote a maximum permitted noseweight for each car model. Several factors may be taken into account when setting this noseweight figure, including the capabilities of the car’s rear suspension, the traction of the car (particularly if front wheel drive) and the strength of the towbar mounting points (see section headed ‘Towbars’). Therefore, it is important not to exceed the car manufacturer’s recommended noseweight. However, from the caravan point of view, it is recommended that the target noseweight for stability of the outfit when towing is generally found to be approximately 7% of the caravan’s actual laden weight (generally between 70 and 100 kg). You can see that those car manufacturers quoting a maximum noseweight of 70 kg or less will restrict the choices of compatible caravans quite considerably. Refer to the tables on pages 16-19 for car noseweights, but it’s best to check again before you buy, as these figures are liable to change. If the car dealer seems unsure, ask him to find out! Caravan manufacturers sometimes quote a noseweight limit too – check this is compatible with the 7% recommendation.

Go to caravanclub.co.uk/outfit-match for a free outfit matching service

9 Go green…..Go caravanning

Touring is a wonderful way to get close to nature and at and more attention to these issues now, and tomorrow’s The Caravan Club we know it’s important to ensure that cars will be better still. future generations get the same opportunities to enjoy You might want to consider alternative fuels. LPG our beautiful countryside. We encourage everyone to (liquefied petroleum gas) remains a cost-effective way of tour because it really is one of the greenest options for running a larger-engined car, as the fuel is cheaper than a holiday! petrol or diesel. If you can find an already-converted We recently compared the effect of a caravan touring secondhand petrol 4x4, it could be a good buy, even holiday with plane and coach trips and caravanning for limited mileage use. came out on top! Touring is far less environmentally Hybrid cars (petrol/electric) are becoming more popular, damaging. and cars like the Lexus RX400h are very effective towcars. In a test to find out the petrol consumption of a typical Their characteristic of lots of torque from an electric car towing a caravan, (a 1.6 Econetic, towing motor at low speed is ideally suited to hill starts or a five-berth caravan from British maker Lunar Caravans) pulling away on a slippery field. It’s worth checking toured Europe covering over 1,500 miles. After touring 9 hybrids for their suitability because some won’t be countries they discovered that the average consumption able to tow a caravan. Just bear in mind that matching was a staggeringly efficient 36 miles per gallon or 7.85 your towcar to your caravan is all-important and litres per 100km, resulting in a much smaller carbon compromising stability and safety isn’t an footprint than going on a fuel guzzling plane or coach! environmentally friendly option. Of course one of the most important factors to increase There are various ways to increase your greenness when greenness is employing some of the following driving choosing your towcar. If you only tow a modest mileage techniques as suggested by The Act on CO2 Campaign: a year, matching a small light caravan to your everyday car will save you money and be far more environ- Check and adjust your tyre pressures regularly, as mentally friendly than buying a second car or 4x4 for under-inflated tyres create more resistance when your touring. car is moving, which means your engine has to work harder, so more fuel is used and more CO2 emissions are If you have decided to purchase a towcar specifically for produced. touring it’s worth knowing that generally the more Clutter in your boot is extra weight your engine has modern a car is, the better its emissions, performance to lug around. By removing it, you could reduce your and fuel economy will be. Manufacturers are giving more engine’s workload. This will burn less fuel and cut your

Go to caravanclub.co.uk/leaflets for other technical leaflets

10 CO2 emissions, so unload any items you will not need for your journey before you set out. Similarly, failing to remove a roof rack which is not being used causes unnecessary inefficiency. Every time you stop then start again in a traffic queue, the engine uses more fuel and therefore produces more CO2. Keep an eye on the traffic ahead and slow down early by gently lifting your foot off the accelerator while keeping the car in gear. In this way, the traffic may have started moving again by the time you approach the vehicle in front, so you can then change gear and be on your way. Modern car engines are designed to be efficient from the moment they are switched on, so revving up like a Formula 1 car in pole position only wastes fuel and , produces 140 or 170 bhp (depending on increases engine wear. Using your gears wisely by specification) and 162 or 177lb ft of torque at 1750 or changing up a gear a little earlier can also reduce revs. 1500rpm. This kind of output would only have been If you drive a diesel car try changing up a gear when the obtained from a 2.5l engine a few years ago, yet this rev counter reaches 2000rpm. For a petrol car try example will return around 40mpg and CO2 emissions of changing up at 2500rpm. around 170g/km. Modern diesels of around 2.0l capacity When the engine is idling you are wasting fuel and or perhaps a little less are capable of even better figures. adding CO2 emissions. If you are likely to be at a Staying with the Golf GT Sport, the diesel version has a standstill for more than 3 minutes, simply switch off 2.0l engine, again produces either 140 or 170bhp the engine. (depending on specification), and 236 or 258lb ft of Try to avoid using your car for short journeys – use torque at 1750 or 2000rpm. Better still, fuel public transport, ride a bicycle or walk. consumption is around 50mpg, and CO2 emissions are Plan ahead – choose uncongested routes, combine around 150g/km If you want to find the relevant figures trips, car share. for a particular car try the following: Cold starts – drive off as soon as possible after starting, as it is more efficient to let the engine warm up The car handbook or brochure or manufacturer’s while driving than on your driveway. website should have all the information. Drive smoothly and efficiently – harsh acceleration For new cars, there should be an environment label and heavy braking have a very significant effect on fuel (much like those used on fridges and washing machines) consumption. Driving more smoothly saves fuel. which rates the car from ‘A’ (most green) to ‘G’ (most polluting), and which gives other facts and figures too. Slow down – driving at high speeds significantly These should be displayed on cars in the showroom, and increases fuel consumption. are often reproduced in promotional brochures and Use higher gears as soon as traffic conditions allow. sometimes websites. Regular servicing helps keep the engine at best The Government’s ‘Act on CO2’ website efficiency. (www.dft.gov.uk/ActOnCO2/) includes details of the Check your fuel consumption – it will help you get the emissions performance of all new cars, as well as tips most from the car. Changes in overall fuel consumption on choosing and using a car efficiently. may indicate a fault. The Vehicle Certification Agency’s website Use air-conditioning sparingly – running air- (www.vacarfueldata.org.uk/) has a sophisticated search conditioning continuously will increase fuel consumption facility covering new cars to enable you to find fuel significantly. efficient and/or green vehicles, and also those which fall into specific VED bands etc. Increasing engine efficiency means that having a large For older cars, the Society of Motor Manufacturers engine is no longer a necessity for an effective towcar. and Traders has a database of cars from 1997 onwards Models such as the VW Golf GT Sport with just a 1.4l giving CO2 figures (www.smmtco2.uk/).

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11 An interesting project currently being evaluated Tips on what to avoid by The Club is the ‘Ecotest’ study run jointly by the German auto club ADAC and the FIA Foundation. See When choosing a towcar it’s worth knowing what to www.ecotest.eu for details. This attempts to evaluate a avoid and the following short checklist highlights the range of efficiency and environmental factors, and to most important: combine them to give a simple 5-star rating assessment It’s best to avoid low-mounted number plates which used for vehicle safety in the Euro-NCAP test programme. may force you to choose a more expensive detachable towbar, or risk prosecution if your towball obscures the plate. Tailgate mounted spare wheels on 4x4s can make it awkward to hitch and unhitch (especially with a ball- acting stabiliser). Large and low tailgates can be obstructed by the caravan hitch – especially side-hinged ones which are occasionally seen on 4x4s. If the car is fitted with high intensity gas discharge headlamps, can you readily adjust the beam for continental use yourself, or, will you need to go on expensive trips to the dealer before every holiday? Some are very easy to adjust, others will need to be done by the dealer.

Members of The Caravan Club may receive photocopies of various tried and tested reports and new car tests, featured in the Caravan Club Magazine, If you would like to receive a towcar report or one of the information leaflets mentioned, please send a large (A4) stamped addressed envelope to The Club’s Information Department or download a copy from The Club website.

Go to caravanclub.co.uk/outfit-match for a free outfit matching service

12 Useful Conversions

POWER 1bhp = 1.0139 PS (= German Pferde Starke Power to Weight Ratio Calculations or Horse Power) Car Kerb weight Caravan 85% KW Minimum quoted 1 KW = 1.341 bhp or 1.36 PS kg (cwt) kg (cwt) engine bhp required TORQUE 1 Nm = 0.737 lb/ft 900 (17.7) 765 (15.0) 64 1 lb/ft = 1.357 Nm 1000 (19.7) 850 (16.7) 73 1 Kgm = 7.227 lb/ft 1100 (21.6) 935 (18.4) 80 1 Kgm = 9.806 Nm 1200 (23.6) 1020 (20.0) 87 FUEL CONSUMPTION 1300 (25.6) 1105 (21.8) 95 Litres per 100 km = 282.47 1 litre = 0.22 gal 1400 (27.6) 1190 (23.4) 102 mpg 1500 (29.6) 1275 (25.0) 109 Mpg = 282.47 50 litres = 11 gal 1600 (31.5) 1360 (26.8) 117 1/100km 1700 (33.5) 1445 (28.4) 124 SPEEDOMETER CHECK 1 Km, or 10 marker posts on a 1800 (35.4) 1530 (30.1) 131 motorway, should take 55.9 1900 (37.4) 1615 (31.8) 138 seconds at 40 mph, 44.7 seconds 2000 (39.4) 1700 (33.5) 146 at 50 mph and 37.3 seconds at 2100 (41.3) 1785 (35.1) 153 60 mph. Preferably measure over 2200 (43.3) 1870 (36.8) 160 a longer distance. 2300 (45.3) 1955 (38.5) 168 MILEOMETER CHECK 1 Km (10 marker posts) equals 2400 (47.2) 2040 (40.1) 175 0.6214 miles. At least 10 Km is 2500 (49.2) 2125 (41.8) 182 needed for any reasonable 2600 (51.2) 2210 (43.5) 189 verification. 2700 (53.1) 2295 (45.2) 197

Remember, you will usually be using the car in a To help you with your selection the list below suggests a loaded condition and you should take this into account target minimum engine power to aim for in relation to when working out bhp requirements. However, when train weight. The first column shows car kerb weights, considering two or more cars for their suitability, a the second a caravan weighing 85% of that kerb weight, simplistic comparison using just the car’s kerb weight, and the third the bhp of a car's engine that will be as shown above, is valid to help you make the needed to produce 40 bhp/tonne of train weight. best choice. Obviously a heavier caravan affects these figures. Permitted laden mass Weight Guide using Ford/Land Rover 2007 Permitted laden mass of combination Permitted load, front axle Vehicles spec as examples Permitted load, rear axle Kerb weight Kg (cwt) Fiesta 1.4i 3 door 1102 (21.7) Focus 1.8i 5 door 1307 (25.7) Mondeo 2.0TDCi 5 door 1559 (30.7) S-Max 2.0TDCi 5 door (MPV) 1724 (33.9) Galaxy 2.0TDCi 5 door (MPV) 1799 (35.4) Freelander2 2.2 TD4 (4x4) 1770 (34.8) Discovery3 2.7 TDV6 (4x4) 2494 (49.1) Range Rover 3.6 TDV8 (4x4) 2710 (53.3)

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13 Glossary

The Caravan: The Towing Vehicle: Ex Works Weight (Unladen Weight) Kerb Weight The weight of the caravan as new with standard fixtures There are two definitions for towing vehicle kerb weight. and fittings as stated by the caravan manufacturer. These are: (NB: Because of the differences in the weight of materials 1. As defined in the Vehicle (Construction and Use supplied for construction of caravans, and moisture Regulations 1986: retention, variations of ± 5% of the manufacturer's figure The weight of the towing vehicle as it leaves the can be expected, usually ‘+’). manufacturer with a full tank of fuel, adequate fluids Actual Laden Weight for normal operation (lubricants, oils, water etc) and its The total weight of the caravan and its contents when standard set of tools and equipment. It does not being towed. include the weight of the driver, occupants or load. Maximum Authorised Weight (Maximum Gross Weight) 2. As defined by EU Directive 95/48/EC (issued in September 1995): The maximum weight for which the caravan is designed for normal use when being towed on a road laden and this The weight of the vehicle as it leaves the manufacturer with its fuel tank 90% full, all the necessary fluids for must never be exceeded. normal operation (lubricants, oils, water etc), a Maximum Technically Permissible Laden Mass nominal driver weight of 68kg and 7kg of luggage. As stated by the vehicle manufacturer. This mass takes into Vehicle manufacturers will tend to use the second account specific operating conditions including factors definition in official documentation, since this is the such as the strength of materials, loading capacity of the one required by the regulations they have to meet to tyres etc. sell the vehicle Europe-wide. In publicity material and Mass in Running Order handbook, however, either definition may be found, Mass of the caravan equipped to the manufacturer’s although the first one is expected to gradually disappear. standard specification. User Payload Towing Limit (braked trailer) A statement by the manufacturer giving the maximum The difference between the Maximum Technically weight of braked trailer the car will tow, when restarting Permissible Laden Mass and the Mass in Running Order. on a gradient of, usually, 1 in 8. Payload includes essential habitation equipment, personal effects and optional equipment. Gross Vehicle Weight Essential Habitation Equipment The weight of the vehicle laden to its maximum, as defined by the vehicle manufacturer. Those items and fluids required for the safe and proper functioning of the equipment for habitation as defined by Gross Train Weight the manufacturer of the caravan. Often the Gross Vehicle Weight plus the Towing Limit, but Personal Effects check the vehicle handbook. Those items which a user can choose to carry in a caravan VIN plate and which are not included as essential habitation Vehicle Identification Number Plate. equipment or optional equipment. Outfit Weight Ratio Optional Equipment The Actual Laden Weight expressed as a percentage of the ALW Items made available by the manufacturer over and above Kerb Weight, ie: × 100 KW the standard specification for the caravan. Conversion Noseweight Kilograms divided by 50.8 = cwt Static vertical load. That part of the weight of the caravan Kilograms multiplied by 2.2046 = lbs supported by the rear of the towing vehicle.

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14 Noseweight Limits October 2008

CAR Ilb Kgs Citroen BX14/Synergie 132 60 Citroen BX16/17/19 154 70 Alfa Romeo 3/145/146/Spider/GTV 110 50 Citroen ZX/Xsara/Berlingo 154 70 Alfa Romeo 75/156/147/166 132 60 Citroen CX/ C-Crosser 220 100 Alfa Romeo 164 2.0 Twin Spark 132 60 Citroen C5 Estate/Hatchback 165 75 Alfa Romeo 164 3.0 V6 143 65 Citroen C3 1.1i 84 38 Alfa Romeo Sport wagon 132 60 Citroen C3 1.4i/1.4Hdi 16V 104 47 Alfa Romeo 155 1.8 Twin Spark 200 90 Citroen C3 1.4 auto/1.4 &1.616V 106 48 Alfa Romeo 155 2.0 TS/2.5 V6 210 95 Citroen C3 Pluriel 75 34 Alfa Romeo 155 Turbo 4X4 215 105 Citroen C4 1.4i 16V 139 63 Asia Rocsta 110 50 Citroen C4 1.6 Hdi 16V 110bhp/ 1.6 Hdi 146 66 Audi 80/90/Coupe/Convertible 110 50 16V 92bhp Audi 100/200 (2WD) 110 50 Citroen C4 1.6i 16V 135 61 Audi Quattro/Cabriolet 110 50 Citroen C4 1.6i 16V Auto 137 62 Audi 100/200 (4WD) 165 75 Citroen C4 2.0 Hdi 16V 138bhp 161 73 Audi S4/A3/A8 165 75 Citroen C4 2.0 Hdi 138bhp Auto 154 70 Audi A4 175 80 Citroen C4 Picasso/Grand Picasso 225 100 Audi A6 Avant & Saloon – pre 1997 110 50 Citroen C6 – all models 154 70 Audi A6 Quattro – pre 1996 165 75 Citroen C8 168 76 Audi A6 Avant, A6 Quattro/Saloon -1997 187 85 Citroen XM 243 110 model onwards Citroen XM Estate/Xsara Picasso 175 80 Audi Allroad 210 95 Citroen Berlingo Multispace – 1.6i 90 bhp 110 50 Audi Avant/V8 165 75 Citroen Berlingo Multispace – 1.6i 110bhp 121 55 Audi Q7 5 Seat 309 140 Citroen Berlingo Multispace – 1.6HDi 110 50 Audi Q7 6/7 seat 286 130 75bhp BMW 500 series Tourer – 1999 model 200 90 Citroen Berlingo Multispace – 1.6HDi 121 55 onwards 90bhp/110bhp BMW 530M Sport Tourer 175 80 Daewoo – see Chevrolet BMW X5 245 120 /YRV 110 50 BMW X3 2.5i/3.0i 165 75 Daihatsu Terios 132 60 BMW X3 2.0d/3.0d/2.0i 175 80 Daihatsu Fourtrak/Sportrak 165 75 BMW 1 Series 165 75 Daihatsu Fourtrak S73 range- from chassis 225 100 Mini 165 75 no. 502755 BMW 330 Diesel – 2002 onwards 165 75 Daihatsu Fourtrak S78 range – from 225 100 BMW 7 Series – all models 225 100 chassis no. 504940 BMW all other versions are usually Fiat Coupe 176 80 between 50-75 kgs. Consult dealer Fiat Marea/Multipla 154 70 Chevrolet/Daewoo Tacuma/Nubira/ 165 75 Fiat Panda/Uno 45/60/1.0ie/1.1ie 123 56 Lacetti Fiat Uno 70/1.4ie/Diesel 139 63 Chevrolet/Daewoo Korando/Musso 309 140 Fiat Uno Turbo /Punto/Brava/Bravo 154 70 Chevrolet/Daewoo Kalos 110 50 Fiat Tipo 1.4ie/1.6ie/1.7D 170 77 Chevrolet/Daewoo all other models except 165 75 Fiat Tipo 1.8ie/2.0ie/16V/1.9TD 185 84 Matiz Fiat Tempra 165 75 Chevrolet Captiva 175 80 Fiat Stilo/Stilo Multiwagon 132 60 Chrysler Neon (Auto 55lbs/25kgs) 110 50 Fiat Croma – pre 1995 185 84 Chrysler PT Cruiser 110 50 Fiat Croma – post 2005 154 70 Chrysler 300C 3.0 Diesel 225 100 Fiat Ulysee – pre Feb 2003 132 60 Chrysler 300C 3.5 V6/5.7 V8 187 85 Fiat Ulysee – post Feb 2003 168 76 Chrysler Sebring 110 50 Fiat Stilo/Doblo/Idea 132 60 Chrysler Voyager/Grand Voyager/Captiva 175 80 Fiat Sedici – All models 110 50 Citroen Xantia Saloon 165 75 /Orion 110 50 1.6i/1.8i/2.0i/1.9D/1.9TD /Scorpio/Mondeo 165 75 Citroen Xantia saloon 1.8i 16v/2.0i 187 85 Ford Cougar/Probe 165 75 16v/Turbo CT/2.1 TD/2.0i Turbo/3.0i pre 2006 187 85 V6/HDi Ford Galaxy 2006-June 2008 175 80 Citroen Xantia estate – all models 187 85 Ford Sierra/Fiesta/Fusion 110 50 Citroen Saxo 110 50 Ford Focus – pre Jan 01 110 50 Citroen Visa/AX10/AX11 99 45 Ford Focus – post Jan 01 165 75 Citroen AX14/GT/Gti/Diesel 110 50 Ford Focus C-Max/Titanium/S-Max 165 75

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15 / S-Max 2007 175 80 Jaguar (all other models) 110 50 Ford Mondeo/S-Max/Galaxy from Jun ‘08 198 90 Jeep/Ranger/Cherokee 1993 200 90 215 105 Jeep/Ranger/Cherokee ’94 onwards 225 100 /Explorer 225 100 Jeep Cherokee 2.8 2005 309 140 FSO – All Models 110 50 Jeep Wrangler’93 175 80 Honda Civic- pre 110 50 Jeep Wrangler ’94 onwards 225 100 06/CRX/Concerto/Integra Jeep Grand Cherokee 2.5 ’96-‘98 245 120 Honda Civic post 06 165 75 Jeep Grand Cherokee 4.0 ’96-‘98 309 140 Honda CR-V (Manual) – pre 02 154 70 Jeep Grand Cherokee ’99 onwards 309 140 Honda CR-V (Auto) – pre 02 110 50 Jeep Patriot 165 75 Honda CR-V (all models) – 2002-2004 132 60 Sportage pre ‘05 154 70 Honda CR-V (all models) from 2005 225 100 Kia Sportage post ‘05 165 75 Honda FR-V (all models) 200 90 Kia Shuma/Mentor 154 70 Honda HR-V/Stream/Jazz 132 60 Kia Rio 97 44 Honda Prelude/Shuttle 110 50 Kia Sorento pre ‘07 247 112 Honda Accord 2.0 4dr Saloon 1990-98 110 50 Kia Sorento post ’07 2.5 CRDi manual 245 120 Honda Accord 2.2 4dr saloon 1990-93 154 70 Kia Sorento 2.5 CRDi auto/3.3 petrol 309 140 Honda Accord 2.2 4dr saloon 1994-98 110 50 Kia Cerato 108 48 Honda Accord 1.8/2.0/2.2 saloon1999- 132 60 Kia Clarus/Magentis 165 75 May 2003 Kia Sedona- pre 2008 175 80 Honda Accord Coupe 2.0i 1992-93 110 50 Kia Sedona – post 2008 187 85 Honda Accord Coupe 2.0i 1994-May 2003 110 50 Kia Pride/Carens pre ‘06 110 50 Honda Accord Coupe 2.2i 1990-97 154 70 post ‘06 165 75 Honda Accord Coupe 3.0 1998-May 03 154 70 Kia C’eed 1.4/1.6 petrol 121 55 Honda Accord Aerodeck 1986-88 110 50 Kia C’eed 1.6 diesel 165 75 Honda Accord Aerodeck 1991-93 154 70 Lada – all models 105 48 Honda Accord Aerodeck 1994-97 110 50 Lancia Y10 Fire/LX 123 56 Honda Accord May 03 onwards all 165 75 Lancia Y10 GT 139 63 models Lancia Delta – all versions 154 70 Honda Legend – pre 1991 110 50 Lancia Thema – all versions 198 90 Honda Legend – post 1991 154 70 Land Rover/Range Rover/Discovery 165 75# Hyundai Sonata 1994 onwards 165 75 Range Rover/Discovery ‘95 onwards 330 150 Hyundai Lantra saloon 110 50 Land Rover Freelander 309 140 Hyundai Lantra Estate 143 65 Land Rover Freelander 2/ Defender 330 150 Hyundai Matrix 115 52 Lexus IS200/LS400 165 75 Hyundai Accent 110 50 Lexus IS300/IS300 Sportcross 165 75 Hyundai Santa Fe 2.0TD/2.4 175 80 Lexus RX300 175 80 Hyundai Santa Fe V6 2.7 203 92 Lexus GS300 187 85 Hyundai Santa Fe 2.2CRDT manual 194 88 Hyundai Santa Fe 2.2CRDT auto 175 80 323/2 110 50 Hyundai Elantra 1.6Si 5dr/1.6Gsi 5dr / 2.0 132 60 – pre March 2002 110 50 CDX 5dr Mazda Premacy – post March 2002 110 50 Hyundai Elantra 1.6 Gsi 4dr/ 2.0 CDX 4dr 143 65 Mazda MPV 187 85 pre Feb ‘04 3/5/6/ RX-8 165 75 Hyundai Elantra 2.0 CRTD CDX post Feb 132 60 Mazda (all other models) 165 75 ‘04 Mercedes A-Class pre 2008 110 50 Hyundai Terracan 254 115 Mercedes A-Class post 2008 154 70 Hyundai Tucson 165 75 Mercedes B-Class 165 75 Hyundai Trajet 2.0 GSI 165 75 Mercedes C-Class 165 75 Hyundai Trajet 2.0 CRDT GSI/2.7 V6 175 80 Mercedes CLC Class Coupe n/a n/a Hyundai Trajet 2.0 GSI from ‘06 159 72 Mercedes E-Class saloon 168 76 Hyundai Trajet 2.0 GSI CRTD manual 137 62 Mercedes E-Class Estate 185 84 Hyundai Trajet 2.0 GSI CRTD auto 128 58 Mercedes M-Class 298 135 Hyundai i30 1.4/1.6 petrol 121 55 Mercedes R-Class 187 85 Hyundai i30 1.6/2.0 CRDi 165 75 Mercedes S-Class 187 85 Hyundai Coupe 1.6 143 65 Mercedes V-Class 165 75 Hyundai Coupe 2.0/XG/Trajet 165 75 Mercedes Vaneo 165 75 Trooper 2.6 petrol/2.8 diesel 240 110 Mercedes Viano 221 100 Isuzu Trooper 3.2 petrol/3.1 diesel/Isuzu 265 120 Mercedes – all other models 165 75 Rodeo Denver Mitsubishi Lancer Est 1500/1800 110 50 Jaguar XJ6 ’95 onwards 171 76 Mitsubishi Lancer Liftback 1600/1800 ’93 165 75 Jaguar X-Type/S-Type 165 75 –‘07

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16 Mitsubishi Lancer -’08 all models -manual 132 60 Peugeot 307 SW 2.0/1.6/2.0 90 Hdi/2.0 132 60 Mitsubishi Lancer – ’08 all models- auto 110 50 110 Hdi Mitsubishi Colt 1300/1600/1800 ’92 165 75 Peugeot 308 2.0 Turbo HDi 16V 136bhp 150 68 onwards Peugeot 308 2.0 Turbo Hdi 16V 136bhp 146 66 Mitsubishi Galant 1800/2000/2000 165 75 auto V6/2500 V6 ’93 onwards Peugeot 308 1.6 Turbo 16V 90/110bhp 135 61 Mitsubishi Colt 1.5 DI-D Equippe 110 50 Peugeot 308 1.6 THP 16V 150bhp 146 66 Mitsubishi Space Wagon/Runner post’91 165 75 Peugeot 308 1.6 Vti 16V 120bhp 168 76 Mitsubishi Carisma/Space Star 165 75 Peugeot 308 1.6 Vti 16V 120bhp auto 135 61 Mitsubishi Sigma saloon ’91 onwards 165 75 Peugeot 308 1.4 16V 95bhp 128 58 Mitsubishi Sigma estate ’93 onwards 165 75 Peugeot 405 Saloon/Estate 143 65 Mitsubishi Shogun ’89 onwards 254 115 Peugeot 406 – all models 175 80 Mitsubishi Shogun Pinin 165 75 Peugeot 407 1.8/2.0/2.0 auto/2.2/2.2 132 60 Mitsubishi Outlander pre ‘07 165 75 auto/3.0 V6 auto/Hdi 110/Hdi 136 Mitsubishi Outlander post ‘07 225 100 Peugeot 407 2.0HDI 136 bhp 110 50 Mitsubishi Grandis 187 85 Peugeot 4007 Hdi 156 225 100 Mitsubishi L200 225 100 Peugeot 505 saloon 175 80 Mitsubishi Challenger 254 115 Peugeot 505 estate 200 90 /Bluebird/1989 Prairie 110 50 Peugeot 605 manual 175 80 /Primera/Maxima 165 75 Peugeot 605 auto 165 75 QX/Prairie ’90 onwards Peugeot 807 168 76 Nissan 1000NX/200SX/300ZX/QX/ 165 75 Peugeot 607 159 72 Almera/Almera Tino Peugeot Partner Combi 154 70 pre ’95 110 50 Proton 110 50 Nissan Serena post ‘95 165 75 5/9/11/21/Savanna 110 50 Nissan X-Trail 2.0 165 75 pre ’97 model 110 50 Nissan X-Trail 2.2 TD 225 100 Renault Espace 2.0 ’97-‘03 175 80 Nissan X-Trail 2.5 SVE manual 225 100 Renault Espace V6 /2.2DT ’97-‘03 187 85 Nissan X-Trail 2.5 SVE auto 165 75 Renault Espace ’03 onwards 175 80 Nissan X-Trail ’08 2.0 Trek petrol 165 75 Renault Espace 4X4 165 75 Nissan X-Trail ’08 2.5 petrol 6-speed 225 100 Renault Grand Espace 175 80 Sport/Aventura manual Renault Laguna Family Estate 110 50 Nissan X-Trail ’08 2.5 petrol 6-speed 165 75 Renault Laguna- all models 165 75 Sport/ Adventura CVT Renault Clio 123 56 Nissan X-Trail ’08 2.0 dCi 6-speed 225 100 Renault 19 143 65 Trek/Sport/Adventura manual Renault Safrane 185 84 Nissan X-Trail ’08 2.0 dCi 6-speed 165 75 Renault Megane/25 165 75 Sport/Adventura auto Renault Megane Scenic – pre ‘01 165 75 264 120 Renault Megane Scenic – post ’01 to ‘03 165 75 Outlaw/Adventura 229 104 Renault Megane Scenic – post ‘03 165 75 165 75 Renault Scenic RX4 143 65 manual 309 140 Renault Grand Scenic 165 75 Nissan Patrol auto 225 100 Renault Vel Satis/Avantime 165 75 Nissan Terrano/Murano 225 100 Rover Metro May ’90 onwards 110 50 – all models 110 50 Rover Maestro/Montego – pre Oct ‘93 99 45 Peugeot 1007 – all models 88 40 *Rover Maestro/Montego – post Oct ‘93 154 70 Peugeot 206 1.4 16V/1.6 Hdi 110 79 36 Rover 200/400 – pre Oct ‘92 110 50 Peugeot 206 all other models 110 50 Rover 200/400 – post Oct ‘92 154 70 Peugeot 206 SW 1.1 62 28 Rover 25/Streetwise 154 70 Peugeot 206 SW 1.4 16V 79 36 Rover 45/MG/ZS 154 70 Peugeot 206 SW all other models 97 44 Rover 600/MG/ZR 154 70 Peugeot 206 Coupe Cabriolet 2.0 Hdi 110 99 45 Rover 800- pre Nov ‘91 110 50 Peugeot 206 Coupe Cabriolet all other 110 50 Rover 800 – post Nov ‘91 154 70 models Rover 75/MG ZT/MG ZT-T 225 100 Peugeot 207 1.4 8V 75 bhp 84 38 Rover Mini 165 75 Peugeot 207 all other models 101 46 Saab – all models 165 75 Peugeot 106/205/306/309 110 50 Peugeot 305/806 132 60 Seat Toledo/Altea 165 75 Peugeot 307 hatchback – all models 132 60 Seat Alhambra 187 85 Peugeot 307 estate 1.4/1.6/1.4Hdi 132 60 Seat Leon 165 75 Peugeot 307 estate 2.0/2.0 90 Hdi/2.0 110 159 72 Seat – all other models 110 50 Hdi

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17 Skoda Octavia 1.6 Lxi pre Jun’04 110 50 Vauxhall Monterey 245 120 Skoda Octavia 1.6 GLXi/1.9 Tdi GLX/1.8 132 60 Vauxhall Calibra/Carlton/Senator 165 75 SLXi/1.9 Tdi SLX pre Jun’04 Vauxhall Signum 172 78 Skoda Octavia post Jun’04 165 75 Vauxhall Frontera Estate – pre ‘97 165 75 Skoda Octavia 4X4 5dr 132 60 Vauxhall Frontera Estate – post ‘97 247 112 Skoda Octavia 4X4 Estate 165 75 Vauxhall Frontera Sport – pre ‘99 165 75 Skoda Fabia 110 50 Vauxhall Frontera Sport – post ‘99 212 99 Skoda Superb 165 75 Vauxhall Antara – all models 175 80 Skoda Roomster 110 50 VW Polo/Caddy/Scirocco/Vento/Lupo 110 50 Skoda – all other models 90 40 VW Corrado/2-wheel drive 110 50 Ssangyong Rexton/Rodius 309 140 VW Golf 2-wheel drive pre Mk IV 110 50 Ssangyong Kyron 257 117 VW Golf 2-wheel drive Mk IV 165 75 Subaru L Series models 154 70 VW Golf/Jetta/Syncro 165 75 Subaru Legacy – pre ‘04 165 75 VW Golf Plus – all models 187 85 Subaru Legacy/Legacy Outback post ‘04 180 82 VW Bora/Beetle/Touran 165 75 Subaru Justy 110 50 VW Sharan 187 85 Subaru Forester/Impreza 165 75 VW Passat 1983-1988 165 75 Subaru B9 Tribeca – all models 175 80 VW Passat 1988-2001 187 85 Suzuki X90 121 55 VW Passat Estate/ Syncro pre 2002 187 85 V6 ‘facelift’ version pre ’08 165 75 VW Passat Saloon ’02-’08 165 75 Suzuki Vitara TD (intercooled) pre ‘08 165 75 VW Passat V6 4Motion/S/SE/Sport 1.9 187 85 Suzuki Grand Vitara pre ‘08 165 75 TDI PD 130bhp Estate ’02-‘08 Sukuki Vitara/Grand Vitara post ‘08 187 85 VW Passat – all models post 2008 200 90 Estate 165 75 VW Passat all other Estates post 2002 187 85 Suzuki Liana/Jimney 165 75 VW Phaeton/Caravelle T4/T5 221 100 Suzuki SX4 – all models 110 50 VW Transporter Shuttle 4Motion 221 100 Suzuki – all other models 110 50 VW Touareg 309 140 Tata Safari 200 90 VW Tiguan 221 100 Tata – all other models 112 51 VW Caddy Maxi Life – all models 175 80 Volvo 200/700/850/900/S40/V40/C30 165 75 Toyota Spacecruiser 110 50 Volvo 340 auto 99 45 Toyota Picnic 132 60 Volvo 300/360 series 110 50 Toyota Colorado pre 2003 286 130 Volvo XC90 200 90 Toyota Amazon post 2003 309 140 Volvo 440/460/S70/V70/C70 165 75 Toyota Rav4 165 75 Volvo XC70 pre 2008 165 75 Toyota Rav4 post 2006 diesel 187 85 Volvo XC70 post 2008 187 85 Toyota Rav4 post 2006 petrol 146 65 Volvo 480/S90/V90/S80/S60/V50 165 75 Toyota Landcruiser SWB pre 2003 264 120 Volvo Cross Country 165 75 Toyota Landcruiser LWB pre 2003 330 150 Toyota Landcruiser post 2003 225 100 Toyota Avensis post 2002 165 75 Toyota Avensis pre 2002 115 52 Toyota Avensis post ’03 VVTi & D4-D 165 75 Although the information is believed to Toyota Avensis Verso 165 75 be correct at the date of publication, pre 2005 122 55 The Club cannot guarantee their Toyota Corolla post 2005 165 75 Toyota Corolla Verso pre ’04 petrol 110 50 accuracy. If in any doubt, the figures Toyota Corolla Verso pre ’04 diesel 122 55 should be confirmed with the vehicle Toyota Corolla Verso post 2004 115 52 manufacturer. Toyota Previa pre July 2000 165 75 Toyota Previa post July 2000 143 65 Toyota Auris 132 60 Toyota – Prius n/a n/a * Providing Rover approved Brink towing Vauxhall Astra convertible n/a n/a bracket is fitted. Vauxhall Corsa/Nova 110 50 # or 150kg if 1995 towbar is fitted. Vauxhall Meriva – pre 2008 110 50 Vauxhall Meriva – 1.8 16V models 110 50 Vauxhall Meriva – all other models 121 55 Vauxhall Astra/Cavalier/Zafira 165 75 Vauxhall Omega/Vectra pre ‘07/Sintra 165 75 Vauxhall Vectra post ’07 Hatch 172 78 Vauxhall Vectra post ’07 Estate 187 85 © The Caravan Club 2009 Go to caravanclub.co.uk/outfit-match for a free outfit matching service

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