SUMMER 2018 #1783 VOLUME 115 NO. 3 $4 (U.S. IWW members) // $$6 (U.S.(U.S. non-members)non-members) // $$77 (International)(International) 2 Industrial Worker • Summer 2018

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[email protected], The Greater Seattle GDC Local 24: Hermosillo GMB: [email protected] North Carolina Taiwan IWW: c/o David Temple, 4 Treasurer: [email protected] 316-633-0591; Del. 316-305-1681, https://www.greaterseattlegdc.com Nogales GMB: [email protected] [email protected] Asheville/Appalachia: iww.avl@gmail. Whatcom-Skagit GMB: skagitiww@ Floor, No. 3, Ln. 67, Shujing St., Beitun West of Scotland Organiser: com, Del. 631-655-4690 Dist., Taichung City 40641 Taiwan. [email protected] Phoenix GMB: [email protected] Maine gmail.com, https://bellinghamiww. 098-937-7029. taIWWanGMB@ Charlotte/Salisbury: Del. com. Del. [email protected] Women’s Officer: [email protected] Tucson GMB: Del. voyager640@gmail. Southern Maine: www.SouthernMaine hotmail.com com; [email protected]; https://www. IWW.org, [email protected], 207-619- [email protected] Wisconsin WISERA Branches facebook.com/SouthernArizonaIWW/ 0842; https://www.facebook.com/ Greenville/Eastern NC: pittcountyiww Australia SouthernMaineIww @iww.org Lakeside Press Job Shop (IWW Jobshop New South Wales Clydeside GMB: [email protected] Arkansas I.U. 450): 1334 Williamson, Madison, Sydney GMB: IWW-Sydney-gmb@ Cymru/Wales GMB: caerdydd@iww. Northwest Arkansas IWW: PO Box Maryland Raleigh-Durham GMB: https://rdiww. 53703. 609-255-1800 iww.org.au. org.uk 4062, Fayetteville, 72702-4062. Del. Baltimore GMB: PO Box 33350, org/home, [email protected] Edinburgh GMB: edinburgh@iww. 479-301-1994, x363696@protonmail. Baltimore, 21218. 443-527-2280, North Dakota Madison GMB: PO Box 2442, Madison, Queensland org.uk com; [email protected] [email protected]; Del. 943- 53701-2442. [email protected]. Del. Brisbane GMB: P.O. Box 5842, West 447-9228, talbolt.johnson.emmas@ Fargo IWW: [email protected] 608-523-4018, martyk-333@att. End, Qld 4101. Asger, del., happy Tyne & Wear GMB: tyneandwear@ California gmail.com; https://twitter.com/ Ohio net; Del. PO Box 260067, Madison, [email protected]. iww.org.uk Los Angeles GMB: 2936 W 8th St #304, BaltimoreIWW Cincinnati (Ohio Valley) GMB: PO Box 53726-0067 Victoria Bradford GMB: [email protected] Los Angeles, CA 90005. PO Box 74344, Massachusetts 6042, Cincinnati, 45206. Leeds GMB: IWW, Ebor Court, Cooper 90004. 323-374-3499, Del. 714-351- [email protected]; Del. 513- Madison Infoshop ( IWW Jobshop I.U. Melbourne GMB: P.O. Box 145, More- Gate, Leeds. [email protected] 7002, Del. 951-334-0234, iewobbly@ Boston Area GMB: PO Box 170648, 839-3107; Del. 859-640-1919 620): c/o Rainbow Bookstore, 426 W. land, VIC 3058. melbournewobblies@ protonmail.com; losangeles@iww. Boston, 02116. Del. iww.boston@ Gilman, Madison, 53703. 608-260- gmail.com Manchester GMB: manchester@iww. org, https://www.iww.org/branches/ riseup.net; https://www.facebook. Cleveland/Akron (Northeast Ohio) 0900. madinfoshop.wordpress.com/ Canada org.uk US/CA/lagmb; https://www.facebook. com/IWWBoston, @BostonIWW IWW: PO Box 5120, Akron, 44334. cleiww.org, [email protected], https:// Milwaukee GMB: PO Box 342294, IWW Canadian Regional Organizing Sheffield GMB: IWW Office, SYAC, 120 com/iwwlosangeles/; Southeastern Massachusetts IWW: www.facebook.com/clevelandiww Committee (CANROC): c/o Toronto Wicker, Sheffield S3 8JD (0114 223 @LosAngelesIWW PO Box 315, West Barnstable, 02668. Milwaukee, 53234. 414-436-9267, GMB, P.O. Box 45 Toronto P, Toronto ON, 2100). [email protected] Sacramento IWW: Del. kostasmonica [email protected] Oregon http://talkin.mkegmb.org/organizing, M5S 2S6. [email protected] Norwich Bar and Hospitality Workers @gmail.com; [email protected]; Michigan Ashland: Del. 541-482-6988 [email protected]

3 Contents Looking back at things past. IWOC member Malik Washington writes about fallen feminist heroes, while two FWs give reviews of a book 4–7 on the Pinochet era and a film on the Bisbee Deportation. On Labor Day 2018, Andy Piasik re- printed his celebration of 1912’s Law- rence, Mass., textile mill strike that 12–15 redefined what a strike is for the United States—with IWW’s help. IWW’s have a history of showing every- one that losing doesn’t mean giving in. The first piece is a statement from the 16–17 past, while the second sets the stage for showing what “losing” can look like.

IW’s next issue is the Fall “In November We Remember” issue. Please get your articles about and photo- graphs of your remembrances in to [email protected] before October 1, 2018. If you want to place an ad about someone you remember, get information about sizes and prices for ads by sending an email to iw@iww. org with “Ad for November issue” in the Subject line. Ads are due no later than October 5, 2018.

Industrial Worker Editor & Designer: Periodicals postage paid Chicago, IL. Roberta McNair Postmaster: Send address changes to IW, [email protected] P.O. Box 180195, Chicago, IL 60618 USA The Voice of Revolutionary Industrial Unionism Subscriptions Cover Art: Pyramid of Capitalist System atop Garden of Earthly Delights by Alec Plitzky Electronic subscription for IWW members: Free Official periodical of the Annual print subscription rate: Industrial Workers of the World Printer: • U.S. IWW Members: $16 USD Post Office Box 180195 Sommers and Fahrenbach, Inc. • Regular U.S. Subscriptions: $20 USD Chicago, IL 60618 USA Chicago, IL • ALL International Subscriptions: $28 USD (773) 728-0996 • [email protected] Annual bundle subscription of 5 copies (20 total): www.iww.org Next Submission Deadline: October 1, 2018 • U.S. Subscriptions: $60 USD • International Subscriptions: $80 USD IWW General Secretary-Treasurer: Travis Erickson U.S. IW Mailing Address: Published quarterly in the winter, spring, Industrial Worker summer, and fall. Post Office Box 180195, IWW General Executive Board: Chicago, IL 60618 Amanie El-Hajj, Anthony Kaled, Cole Dorsey, Articles not so designated do not reflect the IWW’s official position. David Tucker, Jason Krpan, Jesse Onland, ISSN 0019-8870 Tai Nissen-Maag Press Date: September 21, 2018 Industrial Worker • Summer 2018 4 Industrial Worker • Summer 2018 A feminist always! By Keith “Malik” Washington of LIES. There are Revolutionary Greetings Comrades! I m journalists and activ- 6’4” 240lbs—I am a devout Muslim and ists who are out there anti-imperialist who embraces ecosocial- who are doing their ism. I am a close comrade and friend to best to propagate the many anarchists and anti-fascists. Could I Truth, although you be a feminist?? Well, yes! In fact, I AM A may not know them: Feminist!! It did not happen overnight; first Victoria Law, Marcy I had to come to the understanding that a Wheeler, Kamala womyn was more than her physical attri- Kelkar, Raven Rakia, butes, I had to force myself to look her in Noelle Hanrahan, the eye when I spoke to her and sometimes and Asha Bandele, still find that difficult. Then I had to come to name a few. There to the realization that a womyn’s intellect are more, many more was just as sharp if not sharper than any but the Truth is hard Protest in Bristol, England, to have Anna Campell’s body sent home. man’s. to find in Trump’s Then I embraced the reality that from a Amerikkka!! and environmental campaigner known to revolutionary perspective, a womyn could But you don’t hear me.A lot of people members for her activism around the stu- stand shoulder to shoulder with me, armed think they know me, they think they know dent occupation movement, ecological and with an AK-47 or carrying a mega-phone/ how I think, what my strategies are or my community outreach projects in the United microphone leading the masses in battle. aspirations. There are very few people who Kingdom, specifically Bristol and Sheffield. Sometimes the “battle” may be political or have a clue what I’m really about. Anna was a key organizer in the IWW’s ideological and at times the battle may be But this piece is not about me; it is about IWOC group, and also involved with the a military confrontation in a urban con- me introducing you to a couple of femi- Empty Cages Collective, Smash IPP, and crete jungle or in a foreign land where the nist warriors who have gone on to join the Bristol ABC. imperialist oppression has decided to set up ancestors. The mainstream capitalist pigs If any of you know anything about me shop. Don’t underestimate wimmin!! won’t tell you this side of the story! then you will understand why I am honor- As a racially mixed humyn being, liv- Lately, I have had the pleasure of inter- ing this dedicated Servant of the People. ing in Amerikkka and trapped in one acting and organizing with comrades from And if you consider yourself a feminist then of the many Amerikan gulags and slave the Revolutionary Abolitionists Movement it should not be hard for you to share this kamps, I know how it feels to have your (RAM). They helped introduce me to the brief essay and take moment to reflect and voice silenced. I know how it feels to be grassroots feminist/anarchist and social- meditate on the life, death, and revolution- abused and when you cry out for help to be ist revolution of the inhabitants of Rojava. ary work of Anna. More of us should aspire ignored. I know that feeling. That is why I Rojava is the autonomous Kurdish region to be like her! You won’t be reading about began a #metoo project inside Texas pris- in Northern Syria. I personally support Anna’s life in The New York Times, Cos- ons. I have discovered that there thousands these comrades because they have been on mopolitan, or The Wall Street Journal. of poor Black, Latina, and white wimmin the front lines against ISIS, better known as The next feminist warrior I will honor in Texas who have been thrown away by the Islamic State! And for those who really here is Brazilian politician and activist the state of Texas! know me, they know that I do not support named Marielle Franco. On March 14, Many sit in the comfort of their living ISIS in any way! 2018, Marielle was murdered with her rooms and watch the TV program, Orange Recently, a beautiful, intelligent, and pas- driver in Rio de Janeiro. Marielle had just is the New Black and they think that this sionate warrior of the people’s internation- spoken at an event aimed at empower- is a realistic depiction of prison lives. You alist volunteer named Anna Campbell was ing black wimmin. In 2016, Marielle was are sadly mistaken!!! Hollywood, like the killed in Syria. Anna was fighting along- elected to city council, and she campaigned corporate mainstream media in Amerika, is side her comrades, who are a part of the against police brutality. In fact, Marielle in a relationship with the ruling elite of the Women’s Protection Units (YPJ) in defense was an expert on police violence. United States of Amerikkka! of Afrin. Marielle Franco was not just murdered— What you are seeing in your living rooms Anna was killed by Turkish forces. Anna she was assassinated! You must understand is a little bit of truth mixed with a whole lot was a dedicated feminist, a social justice and know that Marielle vigorously opposed

5 and strongly criticized acting Brazilian world.” Back then, I didn’t have a clue what President Temer’s military and federal po- the hell she was talking about. However, lice takeover of security in Rio’s slums also today as I observe this arrogant buffoon in Time for known as “favelas.” Marielle had recently the White House and how he flaunts his been chosen to be the speaker of the com- power in such away that shows us what he is Action mission which is examining the deployment all about, I see “rude awakening” coming in of federal security forces into Rio’s favelas. November 2018, for him and all his cronies, By John Kaniecki Marielle had a sister that she left behind both the complicit wimmin and males!! named Anielle, and she said: “I’m seeking So wimmin in Amerika most certainly justice with blood in my eyes.” A banner at have the power to change the political The world is a dangerous place a mass protest in Rio on March 21st read: landscape in Amerika and possibly even Not because of evil that does exist “Woman, Mother, Revolutionary, Feminist, the world, but the question that keeps me Rather because of the disgrace Black Lesbian, Fighter Always.” This is how and many others dedicated revolutionaries Of the man who does not resist Marielle Franco will be remembered!! awake at night is—“Will they give social- I must tell you that tens of thousands of ism a chance?” Or will they be fooled once people in Rio de Janeiro and other cities again by the false purveyor of “hope and Thoughts and prayers change?” Only time will Prayers and thoughts tell. On your knees Dare to struggle, dare In pathetic pleas to win, All power to the You don’t care people!! IW The lesson taught Keith “Malik” Wash- Unfold your hands ington is co-founder and Rise to your feet chief spokesperson for the End Prison Slavery in Be a man Texas Movement, a proud March in the street member of the Incarcer- Raise your voice ated Workers Organizing Committee (IWOC), an Scream and yell activist in the Fight Toxic We have a choice Prisons campaign and Marielle Franco with banner “Our Lives Matter” in Portuguese. Give them hell deputy chairman of the New across Brazil demonstrated in the days fol- Afrikan Black Panther Party Prison Chapter. Teach them fear lowing Marielle’s killing. They demanded Read Malik’s work at ComradeMalik.com. Send Make it clear our brother some love and light: Keith “Malik” answers and got none. We will not tolerate Washington, 1487958, McConnell Unit, 3001 This is becoming a pattern that we are Idle debate seeing all over the world. Fascism is be- South Emily Drive, Beeville, TX 78102. coming the status quo and norm. When End all war freedom fighters and servants of the people Feed the poor come on the scene and start to speak Truth Stop the pollution to Power and challenge the oppressive Find a permanent solution practices and policies, these valiant fighters become marked for death or imprisonment. Trump and his US Attorney General, Jeff Know in the final hour Sessions, are laying the groundwork for The masses hold all the power similar campaigns of repression, right here We are the means of production on the streets in Amerika where people of With no workers, life can’t all genders and races are challenging the function Trump’s Administration’s bigoted and racist immigration policy. When we refuse to obey A long time ago, when I was a young We enter a blessed day man, my mother told me, “You know Ma- lik, the hand that rocks the cradle, rules the

Industrial Worker • Summer 2018 6 Industrial Worker • Summer 2018 A tsunami of atrocities Book Review1 of The Pinochet File: A spearheaded by this first-elected Marxist Things like that happen here,” a Chilean Declassified Dossier on Atrocity and government in Latin America. [Wikipedia officer told Ed Horman on October 19.6 Accountability, by Peter Kornbluh notes that, “As a teenager, Allende’s main Then there’s Kissinger’s attitude toward By Raymond S. Solomon intellectual and political influence came freedom vs. dictatorship, related by How- American diplomat and historian of from the shoemaker Juan De Marchi, an ard Zinn: American reaction—and inaction—to Italian-born anarchist.”5] When in 1974 the American ambassador twentieth-century genocides, Samantha Missing implies that Charlie Horman to Chile, David Popper, suggested to the Power,2 confirms the hellish U.S. policy “knew too much.” Additionally, Miss- Chilean junta . . . that they were violating towards Chile that Peter Kornbluh exposed ing implies US diplomatic complicity in human rights, he was rebuked by Kiss- in The Pinochet File: A Declassified Dossier his death. The movie’s storyline shows inger, who sent word: “Tell Popper to cut on Atrocity and Accountability. Power says, American diplomatic attempts at covering out the political science lectures.”7 “The smoking guns are all here.” up what happened. Horman’s father goes The New Press8 published three editions The heavily redacted government files, to Chile to try to find and rescue his son. of The Pinochet File. First, a hardcover edi- spread throughout the book, and the text Diplomats know Charles Horman was tion that lacked an index; next a paperback with documentation, show the Nixon– killed and mislead Ed Horman, taking edition with an index; then an updated Kissinger-sponsored subversion went as him to the Chilean National Stadium, 2013 edition, for the fortieth anniversary of far back as 1970 and culminated in the where political prisoners are being held. Ed the 1973 coup. U.S.-assisted September 11, 1973 Chilean Horman calls for his son. A young Chilean Peter Kornbluh did a monumental coup. The coup overthrew the moderately prisoner shouts that his father can’t come research job. The book deserves a large left-wing government of Salvador Allende, there to retrieve him. readership. Your reviewer has given you a and it was accompanied by a tsunami of Later in Missing, United States diplo- glimpse of the book. By reading the book atrocities. As many as 3,200 people in matic personnel are callous towards Ed you’ll get a full picture of U.S. participa- Chile may have been executed from 1973 Horman. A diplomat explains to him that tion in what was less than our finest hour. through 1990, when the junta rule ended. United States prosperity depends on things Notes: The 1973 Chilean coup and the junta hidden from North Americans. Doesn’t he 1Kornbluh, Peter. (2003, 2004, 2013) The Pino- are of special concern to members of the want a prosperous United States? Charles chet File: A Declassified Dossier on Atrocity and Industrial Workers of the World. One of Horman, in the film and in reality, is closer Accountability. New York: The New Press. 2 the four Americans killed by the junta was to the true American soul than are the Power, Samantha. (2002) A Problem from IWW member Frank Teruggi.3 Kornbluh, diplomats portrayed in Missing. Hell: America and the Age of Genocide. New in describing the situation surrounding the With some differences, Kornbluh York: Basic Books. 3The article “Killers of Fellow Worker Frank murders of two young Americans, says: confirms Costa-Gavras’ view. Chapter 5 Teruggi Sentenced in Chile,” for which the of Kornbluh’s book, “American Casual- The embassy never informed the family author uses their IWW membership number that the Chilean military seemed to have ties,” begins with a quote bearing on the instead of a name, was published on page 9 of ready intelligence on Horman and Terug- U.S. diplomatic perspective on American the April 2015 Industrial Worker. gi’s leftist activities, and that U.S. officials deaths: 4Costa-Gavras (dir.) (1982) Missing. (film) had failed to pursue the question of how, In a “Memorandum of conversation Universal Pictures. and from where, the regime had obtained between Assistant Secretary of State Jack 5Wikipedia article about Salvador Allende. Ac- such information. Kubisch and Junta Foreign Minister cessed June 7, 2018. [Salvador Allende seemed 4 Ismael Huerta, February 1974,” it was more anarchistic than Marxist to me.] The Costa-Gavras film Missing is set in 6 an unidentified Latin American country, recorded that: See “Victim’s Father Is Bitter at U.S. Handling of Case,” The New York Times, November 19, 1973. which is in reality Chile. It stars Jack Lem- [The assistant secretary] raised the 7Zinn, Howard. (2003) A People’s History of the subject [of murdered Americans] in the mon as Ed Horman, Charles Horman’s United States: 1492–Present. New York: Harp- father; Sissy Spacek as Beth Horman (the context of the need to be careful to keep erCollins Publishers (Page 554). character’s name; the actual woman was relatively small issues in our relationship 8The New Press is a nonprofit publisher dedi- named Joyce Horman), Charles Horman’s from making our cooperation more dif- cated to publishing quality books of social sig- wife; and John Shea as Charles (“Charlie”) ficult. nificance. Another great book they published Horman. The plot concerns the murder of In Chapter 5’s footnote 3, we see that the is A Race Against Death: Peter Bergson, America, Charles Horman, who was living in Chile real Ed Horman learns an extremely bitter and the Holocaust by David S. Wyman and and was interested in Salvador Allende’s truth regarding his son’s death: Rafael Medoff. IW reforms and the social developments, “He was shot in the stadium. I’m sorry.

7 Bisbee ’17 By X391043 through the wonderful lyrics of Wobbly I hope that Robert Greene’s new, power- songs he often sings quietly to himself. Fer- ful documentary will put the Bisbee Depor- nando is a great example of how the film tation back in the national consciousness. blurs past and present to draw the viewer Largely ignored even by the residents of into not only the story, but also into the Bisbee Arizona, a copper-mining town near people who make up the story. They’re not the Mexican border, the forced deportation just characters; they are flesh and blood. of twelve hundred IWW miners in June [Another Bisbee resident featured is Laurie 1917 resonates even today. As its 100th McKenna, the artist whose penny rubbings anniversary approached, a group of Bisbee and drawings appeared in Summer 2017’s residents set out to recreate the day of the IW. She provided sources and documents deportation. Director Greene has special- that greatly enhanced the issue. –Ed.] ized in films that show how actors slide The majority of the workers who were from persona to persona. The anniversary deported at gunpoint from Bisbee were recreation was a grand opportunity for him either Mexican or Slavic immigrants. The to show this on a grand scale. vast majority of the people on the other This is not your standard documentary. side of the guns were white Anglo-Saxons. Greene lets the past live in the present, It’s not a stretch to apply the heartbreak of sometimes literally with the reenactments, Bisbee to the rounding up of the undocu- terranean job is still functional. The baseball sometimes with the subtlety of his choices mented immigrants of today, or to liken the field where the deportees were gathered is of whom to film. The viewer is always baby cages for children of people seek- still there and in use. The railroad tracks are aware of the camera and crew on the other ing asylum to the cattle cars that took the gone, but the rail bed still runs boldly from side of the lens. The documentary’s point of twelve hundred strikers to the middle of Bisbee to the middle of the desert, just off a view, while completely sympathetic to the the desert to be dumped—and told if they four-lane highway. These threads are woven laborers, asks more questions than it gives came back to Bisbee they’d be killed. But with care into the film’s narrative. answers. Greene’s film leaves it to the viewer to make Bisbee ’17 is divided into five chapters, Stage center is the young Fernando Serra- that connection. working from background information and no, a Mexican resident with little historical Fernando’s real mother was deported character development through to the day connection to the town, but with a history when he was seven and jailed in Mexico of the reenactment. What is exceptional of his own. Fernando plays a miner who until he was 18. He’s made his way in the in Greene’s exposition is how he builds only gradually comes to the cause, mainly world alone. On the other hand, Richard the tension from chapter to chapter and Hodges—whose family worked the mine moves from good-natured planning by the for generations—worked his way up in residents to emotional stress during the the mines through the ’50s and ’60s to reenactment, particularly for people whose become a top manager. He chooses to play own relatives were on one side or the other. the mine’s owner and an apologist for what And as the tension builds, the presence of was considered “The Law of Necessity” that the IWW bursts into a flood of red—signs, allowed Bisbee residents to violently eject booklets, and banners. Red, in fact, is the not only the strikers themselves but their significant color scheme of the film, and sympathizers. its significance gets to be clear by the end. There’s lots of talk about the haunted It’s genuinely heartbreaking to see the final buildings of Bisbee, particularly the old boarding of residents onto the cattle cars hotel and the courthouse. Although there’s we’ve watched being built during the film. never any spooky music or ethereal recre- Heartbreaking for us, as well, as the people ations, Bisbee itself is seen as haunted. The onscreen were locked into the cars. We’ve mines stopped production in 1975, but seen them live their past, and the years of cliffs of refuse from the digging surround ignoring that past break like a wave on the the town. The mineshafts still have to be rocks of their souls. Greene has made his actively maintained by company men. A own living document, and it’s an experience miner train to take workers into their sub- we live together. IW

Industrial Worker • Summer 2018 8 Industrial Worker • Summer 2018 Sorry to harass you . . . By Alan Smithee and alcohol and attracting a clientele of most basic level it’s food service, but you You might think working in a movie people who love offbeat movies that appeal can’t stand up. While the screen is lit, serv- theater, particularly one in a hip urban en- to a largely male population that enjoys ers scurry through expanded aisles between vironment with many film festivals, would the feeling of belonging to a club. In San seats hunched over, kneeling, or squat- be a dream job. Meeting movie stars, great Francisco, the New Mission plays mostly ting to take orders in order not to block camaraderie with staff, free movies, many mainstream films. You don’t need to know sightlines. And it’s all in a much darker great memories. But it comes at a cost. much more about working in a food-and- room than a bar. On employment sites Last Saturday, I sat in the New Mission alcohol service establishment than watch- like Glassdoor and Indeed, former Alamo Theater in San Francisco watching Sorry to ing cocktail waitresses in a bar on a busy Drafthouse employees paint a pretty grim Bother You. The film, directed and writ- Saturday night. Sexual harassment is built picture of favoritism, arbitrary rules, wild ten by rap artist Boots Riley, is a surreal into the job. Mix that with a dark theater swings in pay depending on attendance at critique on the bait-and-switch practices and managers who don’t give a crap, and specific films (and the film festivals that of low-level employers. In the script, the it’s amazing that it’s taken twenty years for are hosted at Alamo Drafthouse theaters), telemarketers work for Regal View. Cassius Alamo to Green is the protagonist—an unmotivated come to guy from Oakland. He gets hooked on a modest rising above low-level telemarketing to be- reckoning in come a “power caller.” His rise is meteoric the industry after he perfects a “white voice.” Success press. doesn’t go well for Cassius. He uncovers There is more than one diabolical motive behind a psychol- one of Regal View’s main customers. And ogy to this then, there’s the whole thing with altering all, how- people’s genetics. It’s a strong critique on ever, that exploited labor. few people Alamo Drafthouse owns and runs the outside the New Mission, a tasteful renovation and movie exhi- multiplexing of the largest remaining bition busi- movie palace in the Mission District of ness know. the city that the tech boom is attempt- In fact, the ing to remake in its own image. Alamo Leagues’ Drafthouse cofounder Tim League, despite success has starting Alamo in Austin, Texas, represents been built the worst qualities of the Bay Area gen- on faithful Alamo Drafthouse’s New Mission in San Francisco, after the audience has left the theater. trification. Just recently, a series of sexual employees who are willing to work long understaffing, very poor communication harassment claims against Alamo managers hours for low pay because it’s a cool job. from management, and even a doctor’s note and friends that League and his cofounder And, like the owners of Sorry to Bother being required for a sick day (when very wife Karrie have chosen to ignore has lit You’s fictional Regal View, the Leagues few have health care insurance). But this is up headlines in film industry presses and built a cult. They took the model from film often leavened with “I loved that job, but blogs. In spite of Alamo Drafthouse’s Code festivals, where a nonprofit builds its entire I couldn’t afford to keep it” and “best co- of Conduct website page that declares “No success on getting people to work for low workers I’ve ever had.” This is the state not harassment of any kind,” women who work wages in terrible conditions alongside un- only of Alamo Drafthouse but also of US for the theaters have been groped, grabbed, skilled volunteers in order to pay Executive film festivals in general. Waiting tables is and harassed, while the customers who Directors and Development Directors six- hard enough, and not a universally lauded have been the perpetrators have been given figure salaries—just to maybe rub shoulders career choice, but imagine the physical second, third, fourth, and more chances with a movie star. In fact, in 2005, Tim problems resulting from being bent like a for reform. But consider this: The chain’s League and others started Fantastic Fest, pretzel during most of your shift. success has been built on a very faulty foun- now the U.S. premiere festival for horror, There has been little examination of dation. fantasy, and sci-fi. movie-theater or festival labor practices. The Leagues’ much-praised brilliance What do you have to do to work as a I know of some festival workers at Mill Val- has been in combining films with food server at an Alamo Drafthouse? On the ley Film Festival who Continues on page 9

9 Chronicling workers from “Those Scoundrel Times” Greetings Fellow Workers, ing; many people who were guilty of abso- who were working in technical fields. Being My thing has been history for a very long lutely nothing were hunted and hounded by a retired engineer myself, I’m looking for time. My career didn’t allow me to pursue our government. Investigations were often stories from those technicians and engineers this passion, but now that I’m retired, it’s based on rumor and innuendo. who had to navigate these times. After all of time to dig into it. Were you or a relative personally affected? these years, do you want the opportunity to There are stories out there that need to What happened to you? How did it change finally tell your side of the story? If so, I’d be told, chronicling the lives of American your life? I want to create a record while the like to listen. workers who were directly affected by the witnesses are still available. This is an effort at basic research into a post-WWII witch-hunts and purges of the I’d like to correspond with anyone who dark and shameful chapter of American House Un-American Activities Committee, was caught up in the political hysteria of the history. The stories will be collected for and the activities of Senator Joseph McCar- time, but I’m especially interested in those the purpose of writing, at the very least, an thy (right). I’d like to find and talk to article for a History journal. Beyond that, if people who lived through those days warranted, it could wind up as a book: No . . . as Lillian Hellman called them, guarantees on that, though. “those Scoundrel Times.” I will respect your privacy; anonymity is The purges hunted down political perfectly OK with me. progressives, members of CPUSA, Please write me with any question or Wobblies, and others—in addition to to say, “I’m in. Let’s go!” at: quixote2@ other “undesirable” groups, like those ix.netcom.com. suspected of being engaged in homo- Solidarity, sexuality (on the grounds that they Thomas Adams were allegedly vulnerable to being Madison, WI blackmailed into espionage). IW The purges weren’t very discriminat- Request for Workers’ Stories From Marion Hersh things. It could include workers losing their tories, but I am not sure whether it is one I am based in Glasgow, Scotland, and jobs or being down-skilled due to automa- step forward and two back, or two forward am working with a Polish colleague on a tion, particularly if automation could have and one back. When I was younger I did book about ethical issues and behavioral been applied differently. Offshore work some office work and worked briefly in a problems related to the research, develop- raises a whole range of issues. It could shop, but I think then I was more chuffed ment, manufacture, and implementation of also include issues associated with bosses to be able to earn some money than think- technology. In particular, control, automa- behaving unethically around automation, ing how I was exploited. tion, information, and communication the introduction of technology, or work- If you would like to know more or think technologies are of interest. Many of our ers having had to make difficult choices, you might have an interesting example/case examples relate to the early computer particularly during the McCarthy era, with study, whether relating to the McCarthy industry in Poland. However, we also want the rise of automation. period or more recently, then please contact to put together a chapter with case studies I have worked most of my life in univer- me at [email protected]. IW from other countries. sities, where there is a massive amount of I am looking for a range of different precarious work. We have won some vic-

Continued from page 8 management’s side, and the rebellion was For most people it’s not a career choice but who had the audacity to criticize their seen to be undermining the whole festival temporary employment. You’ve been told long hours and arbitrary wage levels and experience. it’s a fun job. And it often is. But it’s a dead threatened the festival with a lawsuit. It was Movies have a sacred niche in our end, even as temporary employment, and it settled within the organization and never culture. At parties and social gatherings, requires self-abasement—just like telemar- publicized. But the reaction of their fellow the currency of conversation often tilts to keting. I’m waiting for a movie to come out workers was shocking. It’s understandable what you’ve seen on the screen, particularly about rapacious chain-theater owners and that the Festival’s management would have on a big screen. To be an insider—that is, film festival execs who prey on our desire to gotten angry, but many of their cowork- anyone who works in the film industry on commune with celebrity. IW ers also got angry. Their coworkers took whatever level—is an enviable position.

Industrial Worker • Summer 2018 10 Industrial Worker • Summer 2018 With solidarity from Barcelona By X384480 looking for. I explained that I was a mem- street. On a recent trip to Europe, I had the ber of the IWW and interested in any After a couple of drinks and a beer run, good fortune of stumbling across the of- English-language literature they might have they invited us up to the office–which was fice of CNT Local 1 in Barcelona. While on hand. They had none, they explained, apparently their headquarters during the evening was approaching and I was content but were happy to answer whatever ques- Spanish Civil War! Graciously, they in- with just snapping a photo of their office, tions I had. I suggested grabbing a drink troduced my wife and me to their fellow my wife luckily pushed me to ring their at a nearby bar; they came back with the workers, gave us a tour of their office–still bell. Before I could, two CNT members superior idea of splitting the large bottle of bustling though night was descending–and happened to exit and asked whom I was beer they had in tow at the park across the gave us gifts of a commemorative tile, a poster, and stacks of stickers. We parted ways shortly after—them to a picket line, us to dinner. (It was my honey- moon, after all.) It was one of my fondest experiences on a very memorable trip. All of that is to say, should any Wobblies find themselves in Barcelona, I wholeheart- edly recommend visiting the office of CNT Local 1 at Plaça del Duc de Medinaceli 6. For those who can’t make the trip, consider writing to them at [email protected]. They have quite a few English-speaking members, and they are all Fellow Workers through and through. IW

Another group of Burgerville foodworkers join I.W.W. By Burgerville Workers Union officially signing up with the BVWU, nam- workers said in their official announcement May 22, 2018 ing unjust firings, inconsistent scheduling, today. “We deserve better.” The following report comes from the and low wages as some key concerns. With two successful union elections Burgerville Workers Union, a part of the “Many of us can hardly make rent and in the bag, the BVWU’s wins just keep Industrial Workers of the World (IWW). other necessities, even while working full coming! Welcome to the union, 82nd and 82nd and Glisan has joined the union! time. We have erratic schedules which Glisan. On May 18th, workers at Burgerville #4 makes it hard for us to take care of our kids, Much love and solidarity. IW announced to management that they were travel to and from work, and go to school,”

11 The speech that put Eugene V. Debs in prison In 1918, Eugene V. Debs was tried and ing people. This is too much, even for a The poor, ignorant serfs had been taught convicted under the Sedition Act of 1918. Al- joke. But it is not a subject for levity; it to revere their masters; to believe that though he was careful not to tell his listeners to is an exceedingly serious matter. . . . when their masters declared war upon avoid the draft, the government interpreted his Who appoints our federal judges? The one another, it was their patriotic duty meaning—rightly—to be critical of the Great people? In all the history of the country, to fall upon one another and to cut War, which the United States had entered in the working class have never named a one another’s throats for the profit and April of 1917. The government’s prosecution claimed that Debs’ intent was to encourage federal judge. There are 121 of these glory of the lords and barons who held disloyalty among Americans by dissuading judges and every solitary one holds his them in contempt. And that is war in them from enlisting for service and encourag- position, his tenure, through the influ- a nutshell. The master class has always ing resisting service in the war if drafted. Here ence and power of corporate capital. declared the wars; the subject class has are some excerpts from Debs’ 7,200-word The corporations and trusts dictate their always fought the battles. The master speech to the crowd gathered in Nimisilla Park appointment. And when they go to the class has had all to gain and nothing in Canton, Ohio, on June 16, 1918. bench, they go, not to serve the people, to lose, while the subject class has had but to nothing to gain and all to lose—espe- serve the cially their lives. interests They have always taught and trained that you to believe it to be your patriotic place duty to go to war and to have yourselves them slaughtered at their command. But in all and keep the history of the world you, the people, them have never had a voice in declaring war, where and strange as it certainly appears, no they are. war by any nation in any age has ever . . . been declared by the people. Wars And here let me emphasize the fact— through- and it cannot be repeated too often— out that the working class who fight all the history battles, the working class who make the have supreme sacrifices, the working class been who freely shed their blood and furnish Eugene V. Debs, leaning forward in the gazebo, speaks to the crowd in Nimismilla Park in Canton, Ohio. waged the corpses, have never yet had a voice for in either declaring war or making peace. I realize that, in speaking to you this conquest and plunder. In the Middle It is the ruling class that invariably does afternoon, there are certain limitations Ages when the feudal lords who inhab- both. They alone declare war and they placed upon the right of free speech. I ited the castles whose towers may still alone make peace. must be exceedingly careful, prudent, as be seen along the Rhine concluded to “Yours not to reason why; to what I say, and even more careful and enlarge their domains, to increase their “Yours but to do and die.” prudent as to how I say it. I may not be power, their prestige and their wealth That is their motto and we object on able to say all I think; but I am not go- they declared war upon one another. the part of the awakening workers of ing to say anything that I do not think. But they themselves did not go to war this nation. I would rather a thousand times be a any more than the modern feudal lords, If war is right let it be declared by the free soul in jail than to be a sycophant the barons of Wall Street go to war. The people. You who have your lives to lose, and coward in the streets . . . . feudal barons of the Middle Ages, the you certainly above all others have the They tell us that we live in a great free economic predecessors of the capitalists right to decide the momentous issue of republic; that our institutions are demo- of our day, declared all wars. And their war or peace. cratic; that we are a free and self-govern- miserable serfs fought all the battles. First Published: 1918; Source: The Call

Industrial Worker • Summer 2018 12 Industrial Worker • Summer 2018 Bread and Roses—one By Andy Piascik class movement today. It is noteworthy population also labored in textile. September 3, 2018 that the Occupy movement shares many Mill workers experienced most of the Friends, philosophical and strategic characteristics horrors that characterized 19th century Yesterday we celebrated Labor Day and I with the Lawrence strike—direct action, industrial labor. Six-day workweeks of 60 share an article I wrote on the centennial of the prominent role of women, the central- hours or more were the norm, workers were the great Bread and Roses Strike. ity of class, participatory decision-making, regularly killed on the job, and many grew Solidarity, egalitarianism, an authentic belief in the sick and died slowly from breathing in toxic —Andy Wobbly principle that We Are All Lead- fibers and dust while others were maimed ers—to name just a few. During the two or crippled in the frequent accidents in months of the strike, the best parts of the the mills. Death and disability benefits revolutionary movement the IWW aspired were virtually nonexistent. Life expectancy to build were expressed. The Occupy move- for textile workers was far less than other ment carries that tradition forward, and as members of the working class and 20 years the attempt at a general strike in Oakland shorter than the population as a whole. and solidarity events such as in New York It was a work environment, in short, that One hundred years ago, in the dead of a for striking Teamsters indicate, many in poet William Blake captured perfectly with Massachusetts winter, the great 1912 Law- Occupy understand that the working class the phrase “these dark Satanic mills.” Liv- rence Textile Strike—commonly referred to is uniquely positioned to challenge corpo- ing conditions were similarly abominable: as the “Bread and Roses” strike—began. Ac- rate power. While we deepen our under- unsanitary drinking water, overcrowded counts differ as to whether a woman striker standing of what that means and work to apartments, malnutrition and disease were actually held a sign that read “We Want make it happen, there is much of value we widespread. Thousands of children worked Bread and We Want Roses, Too.” No mat- can learn from what happened in Lawrence full time and were deprived of schooling ter. It’s a wonderful phrase, as appropriate a century ago. and any semblance of childhood because for the Lawrence strikers as for any group families could not survive on the pay of two at any time: the notion that, in addition to adult wage earners. Constituent unions of the necessities for survival, people should the American Federation of Labor (AFL) have “a sharing of life’s glories,” as James had no interest in organizing workers who Oppenheim put it in his poem “Bread and were immigrants, “unskilled,” and over- Roses.” whelmingly women and children. The local Though 100 years have passed, the Law- of the United Textile Workers (UTW) had rence strike resonates as one of the most im- A town on the brink of labor unrest a small number of members drawn, true portant in the history of the United States. The city of Lawrence was founded as a to the AFL’s creed, exclusively from the Like many labor conflicts of the 19th and one-industry town along the Merrimack higher-skilled, higher-paid segment of the early 20th centuries, the strike was marked River in the 1840s by magnates looking to workforce. by obscene disparities in wealth and power, expand the local textile industry beyond The IWW was also in Lawrence. The open collusion between the state and busi- the nearby city of Lowell. Immigrant labor Wobblies led several job actions in 1911 ness owners, large scale violence against was the bedrock of the city’s development. and its radical philosophy resonated with unarmed strikers, and great ingenuity Early on, French Canadians and Irish mill hands far beyond the several hundred and solidarity on the part of workers. In predominated. By 1912, when Lawrence who were members. Faced with lives of important ways, though, the strike was also was the textile capitol of the United States, squalor and brutally difficult work, despised unique. It was the first large-scale industrial its textile workforce was made up primarily by their employers, the political sub-class, strike, the overwhelming majority of the of Southern and Eastern Europeans—Poles, the press, and mainstream labor, textile strikers were immigrants, most were women Italians and Lithuanians were the larg- workers, once introduced to the IWW, and children, and the strike was guided est groups, and there were also significant came increasingly to see that militant direct in large part by the revolutionary strategy numbers of Russians, Portuguese, and action was both viable and necessary. Many and vision of the Industrial Workers of the Armenians. Smaller immigrant communi- had experience with militant working class World (IWW). ties from beyond Europe had also been traditions in their native lands—experience Beyond its historical significance, ele- established, with Syrians being the larg- the IWW, in contrast to the AFL, not only ments of this massive textile strike may be est. Though very small in number, a high respected but cultivated. Though there was instructive to building a radical working percentage of the city’s African-American an undeniable spontaneity to the Lawrence

13

hundred (and six) years on strike, the revolutionary seeds the IWW and speeches were thereafter translated into the only way to unity was to respect the planted in the years before 1912 were also all of the major languages. language and culture of each national- a catalyst. In addition to the democratic nuts and ity group. Ettor, Haywood and the other bolts, Ettor brought an unshakable belief Wobblies understood that solidarity did in the workers to the strike. The IWW had not mean dissolving differences; it meant a faith in the working class that is mark- enriching the experience of all by creating edly different from the often self-serving space for each to participate in their own proclamations of union organizers of today way. They encouraged the workers to view who are mostly out to build their organiza- each other that way and emphasized again tions. In contrast to the all too common and again that the only people in Lawrence Workers walk out on strike practice of organizers “taking charge,” who were foreigners were the mill own- The spark was lit on Jan. 11, 1912, the Ettor displayed a fundamental belief in the ers (none of whom lived in town). With first payday since a law reducing the maxi- ability of workers to do for themselves. He, each passing day, the strikers’ solidarity mum hours per week from 56 to 54 went Giovannitti, and, later, Bill Haywood and increased. They came to understand that into effect on Jan. 1. Because mill owners Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, made every aspect solidarity was not just the only way they speeded up the line to make up the dif- of the strike a learning experience. As the could win the strike; it was also the only ference, workers expected their pay would strikers worked to achieve greater power in way to build a better world. remain the same. Upon discovering that the short term by winning their their pay had been reduced, a group of Pol- demands, many came to see ish women employed at the Everett Cotton that the society could not func- Mill walked off the job. By the following tion without workers and that morning, half of the city’s 30,000 mill there was no job or task that hands were on strike. On Monday, Jan. was beyond the collective skill 15, 20,000 workers were out on the picket of the working class. line. Soon, every mill in town was closed Ettor, Haywood, and Flynn and the number of strikers had swelled to also provided a vision of 25,000, including virtually all of the less- workers managing society, skilled workers. The owners, contemptuous underscoring that it was an of the ability of uneducated, immigrant achievable goal. Without ever workers to do for themselves, did not downplaying the particularities bother to recruit scabs, certain they would of the strike or of the strikers’ prevail quickly. By the time they realized lives, they boldly proclaimed they had a fight on their hands, the strikers their opposition to the capitalist system So inspired, the strikers rose to every were so well-organized that importing scabs and encouraged the Lawrence workers to challenge. They circumvented injunctions was a far more difficult proposition. explore what that meant. In practice, the against plant-gate picketing with roam- Several days after the strike began, vision of a new world played out in the ing lines of thousands that flowed through workers in Lawrence contacted the IWW’s decision-making process, the support ser- Lawrence’s streets and turned away would- national office for assistance, and Joe Ettor vices the strikers established with the help be scabs. After early incidents where some and Arturo Giovannitti were dispatched of contributions from around the country scabs were attacked, they embraced Et- from New York to help organize the strike. (soup kitchens, food and fuel banks, medi- tor’s emphasis on nonviolent direct action Though Ettor would spend most of the cal clinics, free winter clothing and blan- without ever diminishing their militancy. two-month strike as well as the rest of 1912 kets) and in direct action on picket lines, in When Massachusetts Governor Eugene in a Lawrence prison, the work he did in the courts, during the strike’s many rallies Foss—himself a mill owner—pleaded with the strike’s early days was indispensable to and parades, and in the IWW’s insistence them to return to work and accept arbi- victory. Radiating confidence and opti- that all negotiating be done directly by tration, the workers refused, recognizing mism, Smilin’ Joe had the workers form rank and filers. the offer as a ploy that would leave their nationality committees for every ethnic Perhaps the most important of the demands unaddressed. Whenever strikers group in the workforce. The strike com- IWW’s contributions was its incessant were arrested (as hundreds were), sup- mittee consisted of elected reps from each emphasis on solidarity. The only way to porters descended en masse to Lawrence’s group, and meetings, printed strike updates victory, they emphasized, was unity and courtroom to express their outrage.

Industrial Worker • Summer 2018 14 Industrial Worker • Summer 2018

The involvement of women was abso- State violence was so extreme that it repression, the IWW maintained a solid lutely crucial to victory, beginning with the actually reverberated in the strikers’ favor, local chapter in Lawrence until the state ef- rejection of the self-destructive violence as there were outcries from around the fectively destroyed the organization with a of some male strikers. Though the IWW’s country over the police killings of a young massive campaign of jailings, deportations, record on promoting female leadership was woman and a 16-year-old boy as well lynchings and other violence after U.S. spotty at best, Ettor and the other Wob- as the large-scale beating of women and entry into World War I. blies in Lawrence were sensible enough children. There were also national howls However, just as it was never the IWW’s to let the women’s initiative fly free. The of outrage when strikers were arrested for objective to gain official recognition from presence of Flynn, the “Rebel Girl,” was a “possessing” dynamite in what turned out employers, its accomplishments should factor, but the large-scale participation of to be a crude frame (it was later deter- not be measured by its membership rolls women resulted overwhelmingly from the mined that a prominent citizen close to the or the limited span of it organizational efforts of the women themselves. mill owners had planted it). Similarly, the presence. The goal was to build a revolu- Stalin-esque jail- tionary movement of the working class and ing of Ettor and the Wobblies implemented the strategy for Giovannitti with- achieving that end in Lawrence. This is not out bail as “acces- to say the IWW was without weaknesses sories before the in building lasting organization; it was and act of murder” in there are lessons for Occupy and all future the police killing movements to learn from those weakness- of Annie LoPizzo, es. However, the IWW’s weaknesses are was widely criti- ones that virtually every radical group from cized and served the Knights of Labor to the Student Non- only to spur the violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) strikers on. and Students for a Democratic Society In the end, in (SDS) share. These weaknesses speak more Knowing all too well that violence the face of the state militia, U.S. Marines, to the difficulty of building a revolutionary always reverberates hardest on those on so- Pinkerton infiltrators and hundreds of movement than to specific organizational ciety’s lowest rungs, women strikers called local police, the strikers prevailed. They flaws. The fact that the Wobblies were not the men on their beatings of scabs and achieved a settlement close to their origi- able to sustain the great work they did over their fights with police and militia. It was nal demands, including significant pay a longer period does not detract from the women who moved to the front of many raises and time-and-a-quarter for overtime, thoroughgoing way they imbued the Bread of the marches in an effort to curtail state which previously had been paid at the and Roses strike with revolutionary values, violence against the strike (though the po- straight hourly rate. Workers in Lowell and strategy and vision. lice and militia proved not at all shy about New Bedford struck successfully a short beating women and children as well as while later, and mill owners throughout men). It was also the women who led the New England soon granted significant pay way in the constant singing and spontane- raises rather than risk repeats of Lawrence. ous parading that was such a feature of the When the trials of Ettor, Giovannitti and strike that Mary Heaton Vorse, Margaret a third defendant commenced in the fall, Sanger and numerous others remarked at workers in Lawrence’s mills pulled a work length about it in their accounts of Law- stoppage to show that a miscarriage of jus- Lessons from the Strike rence. And it was the women who made tice would not be tolerated. The three were There are several aspects of the Lawrence the decision to ship children out of town subsequently acquitted. strike that may be helpful to building a to supportive families so they would be Longer-term, the strike focused national radical working class movement today. better cared for. A common practice in attention on workplace safety, minimum One is the symbiotic relationship between Europe unknown in the United States, the wage laws and child labor. Though change the strikers and the IWW. Since at least the transporting of children drew much atten- in these areas was still too slow in coming, bureaucratization of the Congress of In- tion to the strike, first because it revealed it did come and it came much sooner be- dustrial Organizations (CIO) 70 years ago, much to the world about living condi- cause of Lawrence. Locally, patriotic forces unions have approached organizing work- tions in Lawrence and later because of the campaigned vigorously against “outside ers with the goal of building membership stark violence of the police who attacked a agitators” in the years after the strike and rolls, as opposed to building working-class group of mothers attempting to put their IWW membership eventually slid back to power. The type of organization workers children on an outbound train. pre-strike levels. Still, despite tremendous may want, not to mention what they may

15 want beyond organization, has been largely demands, for example, the workers refused. the Bread and Roses strike. Surrounded by irrelevant. The choices that workers are Their distrust extended not just to the own- enemies, with death a very real possibility, presented with are quite limited: join one ers but to the machinery of the state, not to the Lawrence strikers, the women most of or another top-down union, or else fight mention the top-down UTW—whose head all (much like the black liberation activists on alone. The best features of pre-union attacked them relentlessly throughout and in the Deep South in the early 1960s, also formations—direct democracy, easy recall whose members scabbed from the outset. mostly women), sang to foster strength, of representatives, requirements that all of- The strikers embraced the IWW philoso- courage and solidarity. Their songs and that ficers remain in the workplace, widespread phy of doing for themselves while utilizing tradition echo as loud and true as a drum rank-and-file initiatives, and so forth—are its highly developed solidarity network circle through Occupy. almost always killed quickly after affiliation. because their experience showed them it Lastly, Lawrence was the first major strike Workers will reject top-down approaches was the only way they could win. along industrial lines. Not only did the and embrace unionism that speaks to their A second possible lesson from Law- strike reverberate throughout textile mills, needs if they are given the chance. The fact rence is a feminist approach to organiz- it made real the IWW goal of organizing that they are not presented such an option ing. Though the IWW too often adopted wall-to-wall. The violent suppression of the is neither accidental nor inevitable; it is an approach premised on rugged (male) IWW forestalled capital’s day of reckon- because the union bureaucracy is as threat- individualism that relegated women to ing, but the seed had been planted. When ened by an independent rank and file as secondary roles, that was not the case in industrial organizing exploded two decades any employer. Lawrence. Rather, its radical approach later, it was thoroughly Wobbly-esque, Workers are not even really free to join encouraged women strikers and supporters especially in the sit-down strike with its the union of their choosing. Once an exclu- to act in highly creative ways. Whenever explicit challenge to private ownership. sive bargaining representative is chosen, no women workers in Lawrence struggled with Again, the degree to which Occupy implic- matter how that’s determined, the affected the men for full participation, Flynn and itly understands the importance of such workers cannot join any other labor orga- the other Wobblies sided with them. It is approaches is one of its great strengths. The nization, often at the risk of expulsion and impossible to imagine the strikers winning massive withdrawal of labor, the large scale loss of employment. The IWW, rather than otherwise, and though Ettor, Haywood, Occupation of workplaces—these are les- seeking to ensure itself a steady flow of dues and Flynn’s efforts on this score were not sons of Lawrence, direct and indirect, that revenue, sought to challenge capitalism. insignificant, it was the tireless work of Occupy (as well as movements of the fu- Through direct action, particularly strikes, thousands of rank and filers that proved ture) carry forward and do well to consider the working class would learn how to fight decisive. more deeply. In so doing, we can perhaps capital and in so doing would discover and The degree to which women took to begin to create a world where everyone develop its own potential until it was strong heart Ettor’s declarations that striker has both sufficient bread to eat and “life’s enough to wrest control of work away on a violence would inevitably boomerang a glories” as vivid as the reddest roses. IW massive scale. That goal remains. To build hundredfold was also crucial. Few believed such a movement today and on into the that a non-violent approach would cause future, we will either have to do away with the state to reciprocate, certainly not as many of organized labor’s entrenched ways the strike progressed and state violence or increasingly circumvent mainstream escalated, nor did it necessarily mean that unions altogether, much as is happening so an absolute principle of nonviolence was far with Occupy. appropriate in all situations. In Lawrence, The flip side of the IWW/striker relation- however, it was clear early on that the Much has been written about the Lawrence ship in Lawrence is that the workers did strikers would lose if the physical confron- strike. Here are just a few of the better ac- not strike to gain unionization or even to tations that have been so prominent in the counts: get a contract. They struck over specific almost apocalyptic vision that many men Rebel Voices: An IWW Anthology, edited by demands while understanding the need to through history have brought to the class Joyce Kornbluh change the balance of their relationship struggle continued. The women, more than The Rising of the Women, by Meredith Tax with mill owners. Early on, they sensed the men, understood that the complete The Bread and Roses Strike of 1912,by Julie intuitively what they came to understand withdrawal of their labor was the strongest Baker explicitly as the strike lengthened: that blow the workers could strike. In the end, Bread & Roses, by Bruce Watson politicians and the courts were against it was the ability to keep the mills almost Andy Piascik is a long-time activist and award- them almost as completely as the bosses completely non-functional for two months winning author whose most recent book is the and Pinkertons were. When Governor Foss that won the strike. novel In Motion. He can be reached at andypias- offered arbitration in an attempt to end Women were also at the heart of the [email protected]. the strike without addressing any of their singing and parading that characterized

Industrial Worker • Summer 2018 16 Industrial Worker • Summer 2018 Why the IWW is not Patriotic to the United States Because of their opposition to World War I, members of the Industrial Workers of the World were put on trial for violating the Espionage Act of 1917. The following is the statement of one member to the court.

You ask me why the I.W.W. is not patriotic to the United States. If you were a bum without a blanket; if you had left your wife and kids when you went west for a job, and had never located them since; if your job had never kept you long enough in a place to qualify you to vote; if you slept in a lousy, sour bunkhouse, and ate food just as rotten as they could give you and get by with it; if deputy sheriffs shot your cooking cans full of holes and spilled your grub on the ground; if your wages were lowered on you when the bosses thought they had you down; if there was one law for Ford, Suhr, and Mooney, and another for Harry Thaw; if every person who repre- sented law and order and the nation beat you up, railroaded you to jail, and the good Christian people cheered and told them to go to it, how in hell do you expect a man to be patriotic? This war is a business man’s war and we don’t see why we should go out and get shot in order to save the lovely state of affairs that we now enjoy. —Anonymous, 1918 https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Why_the_IWW_Is_Not_Patriotic_to_the_United_States; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espionage_Act_of_1917; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheatland_hop_riot; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_Kendall_Thaw

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17 Perspective from an Janus AFSCME member By Andrew Miller, x379583 that represents real worker power. underway with limited resources. What Ttreasurer, Central Ohio IWW GMB Leading up to, and in the wake of, the we lack in financial resources however, we The June AFSCME v Janus decision by Janus decision, both AFSCME and OC- make up for in comradery—being united the Supreme Court of the United States SEA have been prompting conversations to in ideology, being in union with one an- was by no means a deathblow to unions, take place between union members and the other—that is what makes our solidarity but you’d never know it based on the howls nonunion, bargaining-unit employees com- unionism so special. coming from the paid staff of the American monly referred to as “fair-share” members. Bulletins and flyers being put out by my Federation of State, County, and Municipal The point being that these are individuals trade unions present a bleak picture of lost Employees (AFSCME AFL-CIO) and the who will no longer be required to pay into membership due to Janus. What members, Ohio Civil Service Employees Association the union unless they choose to become though? The losses are a financial setback, (OCSEA). dues-paying members. What is the change not a membership setback. Ultimately by I’m a state worker in Ohio, one of the then? Well, the amount of money available signing away the right to strike, the right to few states where workers managed to fight to AFSCME and OCSEA will decrease. work slowdowns, etc. during the process of back and win when a negotiating contracts state-level Right-to- is what left workers Work law passed but answering to a union was then overwhelm- boss as much as they ingly struck down by have to answer to the voters. That victory was employers. sweet given what hap- This is what we saw pened to fellow workers with the West Vir- in Wisconsin that same ginia Teachers Strike. year. Unfortunately, Union bosses trying to resting on that victory negotiate had nothing seemed to provide little to threaten the em- incentive to take the ployers with; instead Janus case as seriously they trotted out baby as it should have within carrots hung from a these trade unions. miserable contract to To anyone reading convince the teachers this in Industrial Worker they have to work. today, you know how One boss is as good as important solidarity is another, seemed to be in organizing, which is the underlying state- why we’re for the One ment. As we all know Big Union. By necessity though, the teachers of my position, I am a dual cardholder. The As long as we live under capitalism, were through with bosses and took up the one that rests in my pocket is my AF- we have no choice but to recognize that model of solidarity. They used the power SCME/OCSEA Local 11 card; the one that money is important to organizing. On the of the worker united. For that is all that rests in my heart is my Red Card. Janus side of the equation were billionaires a union is. Campaigns, organizing, fly- The next three-year contract for my state propping up the Right to Work Founda- ers, contracts, etc. is all subordinate to the worker union was ratified just a month tion, and the money that helped elect the united workforce. ahead of the Janus decision being released. majority neoliberal conservatives (both What then does this dual-cardholder Shortsightedly, and perhaps selfishly, I’m Republican and Democrat) ultimately led think of Janus? I think that if there was a thankful that it happened this way. I’m to a SCOTUS willing to side with Janus. deathblow struck, it struck our corporatized pretty certain that the union bosses (such Within my own IWW branch in Central trade-union model, not the solidarity of the an oxymoron) are thankful as well since Ohio, we are struggling to fully support a workers, which now seems alight and ready they are steadfastly against the direct action couple of organizing campaigns currently to burn down the master’s house. IW

Industrial Worker • Summer 2018 18 Industrial Worker • Summer 2018 The teacher pay penalty has hit a new high Report: Trends in the teacher wage retaining high-quality teachers. Many tion of the teacher compensation penalty and compensation gaps through policies are needed to accomplish this (combining wage and benefit data) 2017 goal, and providing appropriate com- begins in 1994, the earliest year for By Sylvia Allegretto and pensation is a necessary, major tool in which teacher benefit data are available. addressing short- Lawrence Mishel ages: September 5, 2018 Even if teachers Summary and key findings may be more mo- Teacher strikes in West Virginia, tivated by altruism Oklahoma, Arizona, North Carolina, than some other Kentucky, and Colorado have raised the workers, teach- profile of deteriorating teacher pay as a ing must compete critical public policy issue. Teachers and with other occupa- parents are protesting cutbacks in educa- tions for talented tion spending and a squeeze on teacher college and univer- pay that persist well into the economic sity graduates.… recovery from the Great Recession. Teachers are more These spending cuts are not the result likely to quit of weak state economies. Rather, state when they work legislatures have enacted them to finance in districts with tax cuts for the wealthy and corpora- lower wages and tions. This paper underscores the crisis when their salaries in teacher pay by updating our data are low relative to series on the teacher pay penalty—the alternative wage percent by which public school teachers opportunities, are paid less than comparable workers. especially in high- Providing teachers with a decent demand fields like middle-class living commensurate with math and science. other professionals with similar educa- As we have tion is not simply a matter of fairness. shown in our more Effective teachers are the most impor- than a decade and tant school-based determinant of student a half of work educational performance. To ensure a on the topic, high-quality teaching workforce, schools relative teacher In no state are teachers paid more than other college graduates. must retain experienced teachers and pay—teacher pay Teacher wage penalty, by state. recruit high-quality students into the compared with the profession. Pay is an important compo- pay of other career nent of retention and recruitment. opportunities for potential and current With this update, we continue to sound As noted in an earlier paper, reten- teachers—has been eroding for over a the alarm regarding the long-run growth tion and recruitment is a challenge as half a century. In How Does Teacher in the pay penalty. We also provide states struggle to return to pre-recession Pay Compare, we studied the long-term estimates of teacher wage penalties by teacher levels. Every state headed into trends in teacher pay. We followed this state. Following are key highlights of the the 2017–2018 school year with teacher up with The Teaching Penalty, published report: shortages, and new EPI research indi- in 2008, and updated our findings in The mid-1990s marks the start of a pe- cates the teacher shortages persist. other papers. As noted, this body of riod of sharply eroding teacher pay and A study of the teacher shortage in work has documented the relative ero- an escalating teacher pay penalty California points to a number of factors sion of teacher pay. For instance, female Improvements in benefits relative to limiting the supply of teachers, from teachers enjoyed a wage premium in professionals have not been enough to layoffs that “left a mark on the public 1960, meaning they were paid more offset the growing teacher wage penalty psyche” to frozen salaries, declining than comparably educated and experi- Teacher wage and compensation pen- working conditions, and increased class enced workers. By the early 1980s, the alties grew from 2015 to 2017 sizes. “One sign of the impact is that wage premium for female teachers be- The Great Recession can’t be blamed only 5 percent of the students in a recent came a penalty. The total compensation for the erosion in teacher pay survey of college-bound students were penalty (how much less teachers make This report was produced in collabora- interested in pursuing a career in educa- in wages and benefits relative to compa- tion with Center on Wage and Employ- tion, a decrease of 16 percent between rable workers) has also increased. ment Dynamics at the University of 2010 and 2014,” the authors noted. Here we extend our analysis through California, Berkeley. To address teacher shortages, it is nec- 2017. Our examination of the teacher The full report is at https://www.epi.org/publi- essary to focus on both recruiting and wage gap begins in 1979. Our examina- cation/teacher-pay-gap-2018/

19

I cannot remember where I found this online, but both its tastelessness and its audacity struck me. The page is anonymous except for the draw- ing credit given to Emily Schroder, but it pretty clearly came from page 16 of a student publication. Note the date: June 2018.—Ed.

Industrial Worker • Summer 2018 Industrial Worker PO Box 180195 Periodicals Postage Chicago, IL 60618 USA PAID ISSN 0019-8870 Chicago, IL ADDRESS SERVICE REQUESTED

Preamble to the IWW Constitution The working class and the employing class have nothing in common. There can be no peace so long as hunger and want are found among millions of the working people, and the few, who make up the employing class, have all the good things of life. Between these two classes a struggle must go on until the workers of the world organize as a class, take possession of the means of production, abolish the wage system, and live in har- mony with the Earth. We find that the centering of the management of industries into fewer and fewer hands makes the trade unions unable to cope with the ever-growing power of the employing class. The trade unions foster a state of affairs that allows one set of work- ers to be pitted against another set of workers in the same indus- try, thereby helping defeat one another in wage wars. Moreover, the trade unions aid the employing class to mislead the workers into the belief that the working class has interests in common with their employers. These conditions can be changed and the interest of the working class upheld only by an organization formed in such a way that all its members in any one industry, or in all industries if necessary, cease work whenever a strike or lockout is on in any department thereof, thus making an injury to one an injury to all. Instead of the conservative motto, “A fair day’s wage for a fair day’s work,” we must inscribe on our banner the revolution- ary watchword, “Abolition of the wage system.” It is the historic mission of the working class to do away with capitalism. The army of production must be organized, not only for everyday struggle with capitalists, but also to carry on pro- duction when capitalism shall have been overthrown. By organiz- ing industrially we are forming the structure of the new society within the shell of the old.