Small Stock in Development: Proceedings of a Workshop On
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Small stock in development Proceedings of a workshop on enhancing the contribution of small livestock to the livelihoods of resource-poor communities Masaka, Uganda, 15–19 November 2004 Short extracts of material from this publication may be freely reproduced in any non- advertising, non-profit making context provided the source is acknowledged as: SMITH, T., GODFREY, S.H., BUTTERY, P.J., SSEWANNYANA, E. and OWEN, E., (Eds) (2005) Small stock in development. Proceedings of a workshop on enhancing the contribution of small livestock to the livelihoods of resource-poor communities. Hotel Brovad, Masaka, Uganda, 15–19 November 2004. Natural Resources International Ltd., Aylesford, Kent, UK. ISBN: 0- 9546452-5-1 © Natural Resources International Limited 2005 Copies and permission for commercial reproduction should be sought from: Communications Manager NR International Park House Bradbourne Lane Aylesford Kent, ME20 6SN UK Telephone: 44 (0) 44 1732 878786 Fax: 44 (0) 44 1732 220497 Email: [email protected] Photo credits: Peter Buttery Small stock in development Proceedings of a workshop on enhancing the contribution of small livestock to the livelihoods of resource- poor communities Organised by Serere Agricultural and Animal Production Research Institute (SAARI), part of the National Agricultural Research Organisation (NARO), of Uganda and held at Masaka, Uganda, 15–19 November 2004 Table of Contents Editors’ note .............................................................................................................................i Acronyms .................................................................................................................................ii Executive summary.................................................................................................................v Introduction............................................................................................................................vi Outcomes...............................................................................................................................vii Non-governmental organisation (NGO) presentations...................................................xi Scientific papers plus questions and answers Poultry The utilisation of low-fibre sunflower residue in the diet of hybrid and village chickens raised in pens and on free-range, Mupeta et al........................................1 Small-scale poultry production in peri-urban areas in Ghana, Okantah et al...............................................................................................................................................15 Improving productivity of scavenging poultry in Indian villages by the use of improved hatching egg management, Shindey et al.....................................................27 Understanding livestock keepers’ agricultural knowledge and information systems: a case study from India, Conroy et al..................................................................34 Sheep and goats Productivity of cross-bred goats under smallholder production systems in the Eastern highlands of Kenya, Ahuya et al.....................................................................54 The effect of wattle tannin drench or an acacia meal supplement on faecal egg counts and total worm burdens of tropical sheep with an experimental nematode infection, Max et al......................................................................63 Live weight gains and carcass characteristics of indigenous Matabele goats fed browse fruits, Sikosana et al...........................................................................................72 Investigating the potential utility of the goat’s ruminal adaptation strategies to tannins present in Acacia and other tree fruits, Mlambo et al. ..................78 Interventions to increase the contribution that goats make to the livelihoods of landless and land-constrained livestock keepers in the Gangetic plains of Nepal, Jayaswal et al. ............................................................................85 Relative economic benefits of strategic anthelmintic treatment and urea- molasses block supplementation of Boer goats raised under extensive grazing conditions at Onderstepoort, Pretoria, South Africa, Vatta et al......................93 Indigenous forage trees and shrubs as feed resources for intensive goat production in Uganda, Kabirizi et al.................................................................................101 Mixed small stock Action research on improved small livestock keeping with landless poor in two communities of Terai, Nepal, Banstola et al........................................................113 The role of poultry and goats in poverty alleviation in Bangladesh, Saadullah et al. ......................................................................................................................123 Poultry, pigs, hair sheep and guinea pigs in the livelihoods of small-scale, subsistence farmers in tropical Bolivia, Paterson et al....................................................138 Small stock and women in livestock production in the Teso Farming System region of Uganda, Oluka et al...............................................................................151 Other The use of recommendation domains and GIS as a tool in out-scaling livestock technologies for resource-poor livestock keepers, Conroy et al. .................162 Restricted suckling and split weaning as strategies for improving the performance of sows and their progenies under smallholder farm conditions, Kugonza et al. ..................................................................................................180 The apiculture industry in Uganda, Kangave et al. .........................................................185 Dissemination of low-cost technology for handling crop residues and dry forages for dry-season feeding in Northern Tanzania, Massawe et al. ........................191 Field visit plus papers and discussions Uganda Day – an opportunity to visit small stock enterprises and discuss associated issues with small stock keepers in selected sub-counties of Masaka District....................................................................................................................198 Performance of indigenous and cross-bred goats grazing natural pastures supplemented with different sources of protein and energy in Masaka District, Uganda, Mpairwe et al. ........................................................................................203 Variation of milk yield with time for exotic and cross-bred dairy goats in Central Uganda: implications for breed development, Dowdy et al. ...........................208 Outputs from working group discussions on future work Discussion on research papers including posters, drawing out common features, dissemination issues and gaps ...........................................................................216 Generation of joint dissemination material and local impact assessment ..................220 Impact Assessment Issues .................................................................................................225 Closing remarks Presentation of prizes and closing remarks.....................................................................227 Appendix Agenda...................................................................................................................................A1 List of participants ...............................................................................................................A7 Table showing project details...........................................................................................A14 Editors’ note This document summarises the events, action points and conclusions of a United Kingdom Department for International Developments (DFID) Livestock Production Programme (LPP) funded workshop on ‘enhancing the contribution of small livestock to the livelihoods of resource-poor communities’, held at Hotel Brovad, Masaka, Uganda, and organised by the National Agricultural Research Organisation (NARO) of Uganda, between 15 and 19 November 2004. The workshop was opened by a speech from the Minister of State for Animal Industry, Mrs Mugyenyi, whose speech was delivered by the LCV Chairperson, Masaka district, who thanked NARO for organising the workshop and the LPP for funding it. In editing the contributions, made by the speakers and participants, some omissions and misrepresentations of the facts may have been inadvertently made. For these the editors apologise. We would like to thank everyone who contributed to the workshop: the presenters; the rapporteurs and the support staff; and to the putting together of these proceedings. Tim Smith, Sarah Godfrey, Edward Ssewannyana, Peter Buttery and Emyr Owen i Acronyms ADF acid detergent fibre ADRI Animal Diseases Research Institute AES Awutu-Afutu-Senya (an administrative district in Ghana) AI artificial insemination AKIS agricultural knowledge and information systems ANOVA analysis of variance AR action research ASAL arid and semi-arid lands BC backward castes BCRDV Baby Chick Ranikhet Disease Vaccine BHP Black Head Persian (ram) BUN blood urea nitrogen CAHW Community Animal Health Worker CBO community based organisation CCU Carrying capacity unit CIAT Centro de Investigación Agrícola Tropical CP crude protein CRD completely randomised design CREATE Centre for Recreation, Education and Appropriate Training for Everyone (Uganda) CT