COLLECTOR'S EDITION The Hindu’s August 15, 1947 issue From its birth as a weekly in September 1878, The Hindu became a powerful instrument of the Indian national movement that sought to overthrow British rule. It was hence tting that when freedom dawned, The Hindu welcomed it with characteristic aplomb, deep thought, and skillful penmanship.

The Hindu's edition on August 15, 1947, along with a 32-page supplement, was a tribute to the freedom struggle, with articles by some of the greatest names of that age including V.K. Krishna Menon, India’s rst woman legislator Muthulakshmi Reddi, and the great educationist K.M. Munshi. It also carried striking images of the arrival of Independence, and riveting news from that tempestuous time.

The Hindu's leading article on the historic day was characteristically pithy and powerful. Titled "Red letter day'', it said: "By the grace of Providence India enters the comity of free nations today, an equal among equals. It is an occasion for rejoicing not only for her people but for all who value human freedom as an end in itself. So long as this country with her hoary civilisation and many-sided culture, her wealth of resources and matchless opulence of spirit remained in political bondage, that very fact constituted an implicit denial of those values to which the dominant nations of the West were wont to pay lip service."

Now, we are proud to share with our loyal subscribers, those very pages, articles, and images from which our readers got to know about the advent of freedom on August 15, 1947.

August 2020 Copyright© 2020, THG PUBLISHING PVT LTD. REG. NO. M. 97. MORNING THE ' WITH FREE SUPPLEMENT 20 PAGES NATIONAL GLASSWARE MART ERNON & COMPANY, LTD. 11, LALAKUTTY STREET, PERIAMET, MADRAS 3 BIOSYN BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS OFFERS ALL KINDS OF Livibex for Debility, Anaemia, etc. (Ampoules) • EMPTY GUSS • CORKS • PERFUMERY Prolivex „ „ (Oral) BOTTLES • CAPSULES • LABELS, ETC. Biohpar similar to Prolivex for Advanced Cases. Most reasonable prices :: Safe packing :: Early despatch 36, SECOND LINE BEACH, MADRAS, telephone: 442^4. Partners: S. K. RAJAGOPALAN & R. ANNAMALAI. VOL. LXXI. NO. 193. MADRAS, FRIDAY, AUGUST 15, 1947. 2 ANNAS 12 PAGES

Announcement MADURA SRINIVAS MILLS LIMITED, (Spinning & Weaving) MADURA.

The Textile Policy of the Government of Madras having been revised, we are glad to inform the Pub- lic that Building Operations are in full swing. The re- quisite machinery is ex- pected to arrive by the end of this year and the Mana- ging Directors, with the hearty co-operation of the public and the share holders, are confident that they could install all the Machinery and 1 "MCMOR/- •: ' •- • V" commence production before the end of the next year.

Since an extension of time upto 14-2-'48 has now been obtained for the clo- sure of Capital Issue, Pub- lic co-operation is earnestly solicited to complete the share capital, in time.

P. S. MAN | IYER, For Srinivasan & Company Partner, MANAGING AGENTS.

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THE INDIA ELECTRIC WORKS LTD,, • CHATNATH BUILDINGS ", 19/29, MOUKT BOAD, MADRAS, STANDARD

GENERAL WE REJOICE IN OUR C. V. SRINIVASAN 'BENHUR' 7 v WAYAM & CO. ASSURANCE CO., LID. * &EL1VERANCE & COMPANY STATIONERY PRODUCTS (Estd. 1896) es < 27. THAMBtJ CHETTY STREET, TRANSACTS FROM 27, Thambu Chetty Street, MADRAS X. ALL CLASSES OF ROTARY DUPLICATOR MADRAS I. POLAK & SCHWARZ'S FOREIGN BONDAGE AND (Hand-feed Model) (Holland, England & U.S.A.) FIRE . SOLE AGENTS Essences, Essential Oils, Per- Approved fdr %a/» M, Government . in South India EXPLOITATION Technical Examinations fumery & Aromatic Chemi- MARINE for cals, Holland Chicory and ENVELOPES, Van Ameringen-Hoebler \nci, Barley, American Soyabean We salute our India and Manufacturers: LETTER PADS, and New York, U. S. A. FILES, TAGS, Lecithin for soap, Leather, our seasoned, trained and MARRIAGE CARDS, Textile & Paint Industries, SWNIYASA-TRADING CO. c NOTE BOOKS, etc., etc. trusted, leaders. re NL Lecithin multi-vitamin pre- ACCIDENT ' : Asiatic Buildings, PERFUMERY COMPOUNDS Noted to quality, durability and smooth BANGALORE CITY. writing. Ask us to serve you with Jai parations etc. Bind and Netajl pencils. . DAMODHAR ENVELOPE INSURANCE Frier and Hilda Agents for Madras Presidency: VICTORY PENCIL CO., FACTORY, Electrical wiring and re- Holland QUILON, S.I. (State Aided) pairs, Rewinding of Fans, Assets Exceed New India Book House Madras Agents : 28, THAMBU CHETTY STREET, Motors Etc., Radio Servicing Rs. 34,00,000 THE TYPEWRITER MART BELGIAN CHICORY K. A. RATNAM, MADRAS. etc., etc. MADRAS 5. 118, Armenian Street, MADRAS. 4, BUNDER ST., G.T. .MADRAS. HEAD OFFICE: l«Jo. 2, Royal Exchange SALUTE TO FREEDOM I Place, CALCUTTA. MADRAS BRANCH: No. 37, Errabalu Chetty St, G. T., MADRAS. £*& BRANCHES AT: Bombay, Ahmedabad, Lahore, Delhi, Patna and Karachi.

Agencies throughout India.

1

Sri Aurobindo's Works . :,'i .*?>• Jrift* V'''V

RS.A.P. The lite Divine, Vol. 1 8 0 2 18 0 0 Essays on the Gita 1st series 7 8 0 2nd „ 10 0 0 v Collected Poems & Plays In 2 Volumes 155 0 0 It 2 iHt* m Isha Upanishad 22 8 0 Ideal and Progress 11 0 0 The Superman 0 10 0 mm Evolution 0 12 0 Thoughts and Glimpses 1 0 0 The Mother 1 0 0 The Riddle of This World 1 8 0 f J mm mr Lights on Yoga I 8 0 / '-WM 'M ^K m •;fsesi Bases of Yoga 1 8 0 -9t The Yoga and its Objects 1 0 0 Bankim-Tilak-Dayananda 1 8 0 The Renaissance in India 1 8 0 The Ideal of the Karmayogin 18 0 jf^lltiti ffl A System of National *m I Education I 0 0 ^•mi^ A W The National .Value'of Art 1 0 0 The Brain of India 0 8 0 Uttarpara Speech 8 0 m •t Kalidasa 4 0 m^ Views and Reviews 4 \t Vikramorvasie or the Hero and the Nymph 0 9 Hymns to the Mystic Fire 5 0 0 Poems Past and Present 1 4 0 The Significance of Indian Art 18 0 Spirit and Form of Indian s mtv$ Polity 14 0 SAVITRI: A legend and a Symbol Book I Canto I 4 0 0 „ II „ 1 10 0 „ III 1 100 ., Ill „ II 10 0 „ III „ III 10 0 c,:z And all other Ashram Books ^^^^^^^^^^W3' To be had of: Sri Aurobindo Library '/* ^ •--•:: 369, Esplanade, Madras 1. f^p^i^^W™^^*?^™^^^^^^^"^^"^™ THE HINDU, FRIDAY, AUGUST 15, 1947.

A&MS ft AMMUNITION FINANCIAL MATRIMONIAL SITUATIONS REQUIRED ELECTION NOTICES PUBLIC NOTICES SITUATIONS VACANT VAILABLE Kagliih and Belgian Quns OAN8 up to R*. 6,000 are given en per. ANTED two Vellala bridegrooms, edu- REGISTERED Accountant and -Master ERODE MUNICIPALITY. THE ALLIED INDUSTRIAL. DISTRIBU- Applications vi invited before JBth A at competitive prio**, Writ* early: I* *on*l *eeurlty. Write for terms: The W cated and well-tettled in life for two A of Arts who underwent the period ol Notice. TORS LTD., MADRAS. August, 1947, from fully qualified Sanitary Oriental General Trading Co. (Sind) Hd, British Trade Builders, P.B. 447, Bombay. fair girls, aged 83 end IS, residing in Cen- articles in a Firm of Chartered Accountants, It is hereby Informed that election for Notice Is hereby given that a shareholder Inspectors, both female and male candi- Harriot Boad, Karachi 2. M-4247 C2/India tral Travancore. The girls' education: the seeks employment in an Auditors' *irm or the 24 seats of the 19 wards of Erode Mu- of the above Company has given notice of dates for the post of a Registrar-Vacci- NE Winchester. 22 Repeater Rifle With E Puranwakum Hindu Santhatha Sanga elder is E.5.L.C. and Hindi Visharad and in a Limited Company. Apply to Box No. nicipality will be held on 29-9-1947 as not- his intention to propose Messrs. Sundaram nator in the scale of Rs. 40—2—60, plus O ammunition—Rl. 150. Box No. P-5238, Nidhi.Ltd.. 48, Vellala Street, Purasa- tht other English Middle School and music. L-4046, c/o "The Hindu". L-4046 ed below :— and Srinivasan, Registered Accountants, Rs. 20-4-0 Hill Allowance. Rs. 18 Dearnes* «/o "Tha Hindu." P-5Z38 r No dowry—Apply stating details with 1. Nomination papers may be delivered Madras, as the Auditors of the Company Allowance and Rs. 4 Conveyance Allowance). wakum, Madras, accepts Fixed Deposits for for the year 1947-48 at the forthcoming Apply with age, caste, certificates, pre- 1 and 1 years at 3% and 4% respectively, horoscope to Box No. S-1110, e/o "The SITUATIONS VACANT to the Election Officer or Manager from AGENTS WANTED Interest payable monthly. N. B. Sadagopa Hindu,'* Madras. S-1110 2 p.m. to 4 pjn. on the 25th and 26th Annual General Meeting of the Company vious experience etc.to : Mudaliar, Secretary. L-4041 ANTED a fair, healthy, educated, dis- ANTED Immediately a candidate having August 1947 and from 11 a.m. to 5 p.m. to be held on 30th August, 1947. THE MUNICIPAL HEALTH OFFICER, QSNTS wanted. Xmai cards, complete W ciplined, and accomplished virgin girl, w experience and thorough knowledge on 27-8-1947, at the Municipal Office. P. GOPAL KRISHNA, F-5241. Ootacamund, A specimen album* Re. 1. Mathai's Pub- age 12 to 16, of a highly respectable An- in Banking Accounts. Apply to Box No. 2. Nomination papers will be taken up 4B19 Manager. lications, Bombay 7. M-4348 dhra Velanati Brahmin family of decent 4&14 c/o "The Hindu". 4814 for scrutiny at 10 a.m. on 28-8-1947 in the THE MYSORE INSURANCE CO., LTD. T7IOB, Simplex Safety Razors, Valmor Cos- FOR SALE Head Office: Bangalore. status, non-Bharadwaja Gothram, for a ANTED an Accounts Clerk with know- Municipal Office. BEFORE THE BOARD OF ' metics, Presto Stapler*, Cram's Terres- piOR Sale: 8/8" and W Mild SUel Sheets. brilliant and propertied Bachelor, 20 years, ledge of Typewriting. State experi- 3. In the event of elections being con- Wanted influential Organizers and Agents trial Globes Octovue Atlases, Follett's " Kindly apply to th« Cochin Malleables, COMMISSIONERS FOR HINDU on liberal commission or salary basis in about to Graduate in a high technical ence and salary required to Box No. 4302, tested the poll will take place on 29-9-'47. RELIGIOUS ENDOWMENTS, MADRAS. Webster* Dictionary, Men of Power Book Viyyoor, Trichur. S-1150 course, and take to a very promising and c/o "The Hindu." 4802 4. The votes will be counted at 9 a.m. Coimbatore, Salem, South Arcot, Tanjore, E«ts, Fortunes in Formulas and other nice IOR Sale: CO2 entpty Gas Cylinders. Any prospective career. Full family particulars ANTED a qualified and experienced in the Municipal Office on 30-9-1947. NOTICE under Section 65-AU) of Madras Trichy, Ramnad, Madura, Nilgiris Tinne- line*. Call in person to K. L. K. Mudaliar F quantity available in good and tip-top with girl's horoscope requested. Advertise- Accountant for a Mining Company L. C. RICHARD, Act II of 1927. velly Malabar and Madras City. Apply to 171, Broadway. Madras 1. L-4064 condition. Apply to: Messrs. B. Spencer ment for selection. Box No. P-5097, c/o in Cuddapah. Apply to Box No.P-5218, c/o Commissioner and Election Officer. IN THE MATTER of Sri Sabhanayagar the Officer, Central Organization, Erode. ANTED Agents to secur* orderi for & Co., 87, Dr. Suresh Sarcar Road, Entally, The Hindu". P-5097 Erode Municipal Office, Temple, Chidambaram, Chidambaram P-5178 W silk, itaple goodi. Factory rates. Ex- Calcutta 14. C3/Cal. The Hindu". P-5218 Dated 12-8-1947. P-5240 f~\ OLDEN opportunity for Film Producers. fXTANTED Immediately a smart Lady •.l&iuK Soutn Arcot District. WANTED. pected monthly income Rl. 500. Apply Mar- »V Stenographer with experience in filing. Notice No. NOTIFICATION 5/47, dated shal Trader!, Ludhiana. M-4254 VI First rate Studio Equipment on long MILLINERY 11-8-1947. Applications are Invited upto S5-8-1847 WANTED Agents to secure order* for our lease or for sale. For particulars, apply to: ijiANCY. white silk 6 yards x 48" for one Salary according to qualifications. Apply to LEGAL NOTICES from qualified Sanitary Inspectors tor the Box No. 4831, c/o "The Hindu". 4831 SHOLINGHUR, D. M. a WHEREAS for the reasons set forth be- post of Birth and Death Registrar for ap- Silk Textile. Expected income Rs. 10 Mr. R. N. Gopal, Churies Garden, Gore- " saree or 3 shirts at Rs\ 24 per piece O. P. 22/47. low, the Board is of opinion that the tem- to 15 daily. Bonus Rs. 1,326. The Trade gaon East, Malad Post Bombay. L-4050 post free. (Wanted Agent*). Girson Knitting ANTED Representatives everywhere ple of Sri Sabhanayagar, Chidambaram pointment in a leave vacancy of nine Expanaion Bureau, Ludhiana. M-4202 MALL quantity of felt 1 inch to 1 inch Works. Ludhlana. M-4082 on Commission basis to sell well- 1. P. M. Jagannatha Mudaly, months (likely to continue) on Rs. 35—1— known make of Ceiling Fans of proved 2. P. M. Kannappa Mudaly .. Petitioners village Chidambaram Taluk, South Arcot 45 with Dearness Allowance and Compen- ANTED AgenU and Stockists for Ame- S thick, white and grey colour in rolls NOW White Silk t yards x 17" Rs. 25. Take notice that the petitioners have as District, and the endowments belonging W rican Insect Repellent. Write to:— and also sound proof felt. Contact: The S Delivery free. Agents wanted. Terms quality. Apply to Roy, c/o G. P. O. Box UMreto rrtaV be no.ified to be subject to satory Allowance. " New Guna Shenoy Co., Ernakulam. S-1142 No. 586, Bombay. C2/Ranjit L. R.'s of deceased P. M. Venkatesa Mu- M. D. EDWARD, Ramldihin Brothers, 18, Mulchand Man- liberal. Good pay and permanent Job. Bagh daliar, Advocate, Sholinghur, filed a pet- the provisions of Chapter VI-A of Madras Municipal Health Officer. Karaikudi. sion, McLeod Road, Karachi 2. C2/Malaney EAVING Factory for Sale: Complete Textiles, Ludhiana. M-4231 ANTED a lady stenographer with pre- tion for the issue of a succession certifi- Act II of 1927, the trustees and other per- P-5237 WANTED Agents to sell our famous W handloom weaving establishment In W vious experience. Prefer Indian Candi- cate under S. 372 of Indian Succession •sons having interest in the said temple Steel Slates (School Slates) and Malabar Coast Rs. 25,000 or near offer. Write MOTORS date. Apply sharp with minimum salary Act in respect of the Insurance amount are hereby required to show cause in Embroidering Rings. Apply M/s. Universal for full particulars to Box No. M-4319, e/o due from United India Life Assurance writing on or before 29-9-1947 why such MADRAS PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION Steel Slat* factory, £27, Patl Ram Street, The Hindu." M-4319 A DVERTISER wishes to purchase eny of required to Box No. 4808, c/o "The Hindu". Co., Ltd., Madras, and the petition stands Notification should not be Issued. The ob- Appointments of Inspectors of Boiler* (n thi Delhi. M-4297 -r*. the expensive class Vintage Cars, such 4808 posted to 29-8-'47. jection or objections, if any, received in Madras Boiler Service. . . as Rolls Royce or Packard. Reply Box No. ANTED an assistant to Independently response to this notice will be enquired AtffUcations are invited upto 19th Septem- ANTED only a few Agents for securing CIK-16, c/o "The Hindu". handle Export-Import. Knowledge of M. S. RAMAMURTHY. B.A. B.L. ber, 1947 for two appointments of Inspee- orders for Calendars and Pictures. JEWELLERY W into-by the Board at its office in Madras at W IAMONDS : T. R, Joshi S Bohs, S8. UCTION Sale: Sale of 8 Willard Bat- stenography additional qualification. State Advocate for Petitioners. 2 p.m., on 3-10-1947. The objector shall tor of Boilers on Rs. 250—30/2—520—40/2— Apply tor terms. The National Calendar D Ekambareiwara Agraharam, P. T., A teries (in original packing)—4 of 13 experience. Box No. CD-54. c/o "The Sholinghur, dated 12-8-'47. P-5234 submit two additional copies of the objec- 600 per mensem. Detailed particulars and Manufacturing Co., Kadamtala, Howrah. Madras. 4533 plates and 4 of 15 plates—pledged by Mr. Hindu." CD-54 tion. form of application may be obtained from M-4237 A. V. Charlu, Proprietor, The Popular IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE the Secretary, Madras Public Service Com- /^EMSET and Gold Jewellery. peak ANTED immediately, experienced qua- AT MADRAS. REASONS FOR THB ACTION PROPOSED. VT prices thro' T. K. Tawker. 4/28, Veer- Motor Stores. Cuddapah, at the Commer- lified Accountant. School experience mission, Madras 8, on requisition in writing BOARD & LODGE appan Street, Madras 1. L-3807 cial Bank & Trust Ltd., Premises, Cud- W Testamentary and Intestate Jurisdiction. 1. Though Notification proceedings No. specifying the name of the post and accom- in advantage. Typing essential. Christian O. P. No. 204 of 1947. 24/36 started by the Board on 1-5-1936 panied by a sufficiently stamped and ad- EO Manasarover, 8, Vallabha Agraharam dapah, on Saturday, the JSrd August 1947 preferred. Apply Box L-4089, e/o "The In the matter of the Will of Saidapet Ruk- N Street, (Opp. Star Talkies), Triplicane, at 4 p.rrt. P-5230 Hindu." L-4089 were dropped on 20-3-1940 in view of the dressed envelope. NO NOTICE WILL BE Madras. Convenient Lodging and best Board- LOST & FOUND OR Quick Sale—Baby Austin In per- mani Ammal (deceased). observations made by Their Lordships in TAKEN OF A REQUISITION WHICH IS Ing. 'Phone: 86294. 'Grams: "Sarover1. C4-E OST—Black and Brown Dachshund Dog F fect running order—four tyres and ANTED a Lower Subordinate of College S. Parthasarathy .. Petitioner appeal No. 306 of 1936 and LeUers fatent NOT ACCOMPANIED BY SUCH ENVE- ROYAL LODGE—Permanent lodging and L outside Bosotto'j on ll-8-'47 at about battery new—Enquire at Andhra Maha- W of Engineering, Guindy. No objection Notice is hereby given that application Appeal No. 56 and 57 of 1937, High Court, LOPE. «83r boarding for students—Apply early— 1- p.m. Answers to the name of "Fitz". sabha, P.T., after 3 pjn. L-4093 to retired people also. Apply with minimum has been made on 27th May 1947 Madras, that the scheme governing the ad- Finder rewarded. Notify 703, Civilian salary required to: M/s. King & Company, to His Majesty's High Court of Judi- ministration of the tempie settiea by the PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION, China Bazar Road, opposite Flower Bazar OR Sale a three wheels Motor Cycle Car, cature at Madras for the grant of Police Station, Madras. L-4043 G.P.T. Coy., Fort Glacis. L-4098 F "Motorette" 1947 Model used only for 321, Thambu Chetty Street, G. T., Madras. Board and modified by the District Court UNITED PROVINCES. 4807 Letters of Administration with the will and High Courts should be given a fair Applications are Invited for 9 posts each one month. Apply Box No. L-4101, c/o dated 19-4-1944 of Saidapet Rukmani Am- trial and that the trustees should be given of (1) Secretary, (ii) Accountant, (ill) BOOKS MACHINERY "The Hindu". L-4101 ANTED a Stenographer for Office. Ap- mal annexed of the property and credits of a fair opportunity to carry on the adminis- Traffic Manager, (Iv) Service Manager ft /•tHAMALKARA Chintamard, ancient TLAS Machines, Power, Foot and Ball OR Sale: Singer Car—1934 Model Sedan, W plicants should be Mulkis of Hydera- the deceased Saidapet Rukmani Ammal who tration of the temple in accordance with (v) Traffic Inspector in connexion with the F 9 HP., 4 seater. Inspection by bad State possessing at least 100 words died on 13-12-1944 at No. 242, Thambu ^ Grantha on Astrology, English Transla- A Presses, Drilling and Shearing Machines. speed in Shorthand and 40 words In Type- the scheme, the trustee would not even Rail-Road Co-ordination Scheme of the tion. Best book on Bhava Phala. Pocket Agents for South India. The Eastern Export appointment. Sale by auction on 23-8-'47 at Chetty Street, George Town, Madras, to after the lapse of seven years act at per U. P. Government. None of these posts is 3 p.m. at advertiser's residence. Chepuri writing and should have a good knowledge S. Parthasarathy, residing at No. 242, Tham- size, Rj. 3-8. P. P. Book Depot, Kottayam. & import Co., Post Box No. 418, 2/19, Singar- of English. Age not to exceed 30. Salary provisions of the scheme. a Government post, but conditions of ser- S-869 achari Street, TripUcane, Madras 5. Tele- Kamalamma, Raja's Street 1 Tunl. P-5223 bu Chetty Street, George Town, Madras, 2. In spite of specific directions from vice of the persons to be appointed there- gram: "Allwares" and Telephone: 86967. OR Sale: One brand new 1946 Model will be O. S. Rs. 80 plus Rs. 20 Steno who Is the residuary legatee under the said to are under the consideration of Govern- COMMERCIAL READY RECKONER Part I Allowance plus Rs. 20 Project Allowance Will. the Board, the trustees on very flimsy ^~> tables of Interest etc., from 1/1B pie to AVAILABLE American Mining Equipment F Commer Station Waggon Body built with usual Dearoess Allowance with free grounds, flout the provisions of the scheme ment. Qualifications for (i) Law Gradu- Rs, 100. Price Rs. S. Ready Reckoner Tables for crushing, concentrating, refining by Messrs. Simpson ft Co., Lid, For parti- quarters. Applications to be 'addressed to The gross value of the assets in the in respcet of— ate with Commercial experience; for (ii) of Profit, Discount Interest at rate per minerals and ores. National India Engineer- culars please apply to Box No. 4803, c/o Executive Engineer, Reservoir Construction Madras Presidency has been sworn at (a) Placing of one or more hundials Registered Accountant prepared to deposit cent and daily wages. Prict Re. 1-8. Post- ing Co., Ltd., 7/10, Elphinstone Circle, Bom- "The Hindu." 4803 Division, Tungabhadra Project; Munlrabad, Rs. 16,487-7-9 and the net value thereof in for the deposit of voluntary or a security of Rs. 20,000 in cash or in Fide- bay. / C3/Bom. the Madras Presidency at Rs. 15,587-7-9. compulsory offering by the wor- lity Bonds from an approved Insurance age extra. Save your precious time by DIESEL Alternator Set, very slightly M. & S. M. Ry. . P-5157 K. N. ARUNACHALA IYER, Company; for (iii) Member of the Insti- using these books. Ready Reckoner (H), used, by "Ready Power Co," having 32 PERSONAL shippers; 138, Anchepet, Bangalore City. C3/Ban. Counsel for Petitioner. (b) Fixing the rate* for the perfor- tute to Automobile Engineers (London) or K.W. 127/220 Volt*, capacity 60 Cycles (can INDEPENDENT India expects every man 336, Thambu Chetty Street, G. T., Madras. mance of archanas and special at least High School, having qualified from HAT'S Business Books offered at a con- be arranged for 440 Volts) directly coupled •«• to do nil duty. Sacrifice for our Mother- WANTED 6th August, 1947. L-3972 a recognized technical institution with at B ctssion of 20% in honour of Inde- to 60 H.P. Diesel Engine by "International land and service to all are our motto. ANTED few more Depot Managers on worship; least 5 years' workshop experience in a pendence Day. Bhat's Import and Export Harvester Co.," also, other Workshop Prakash Arts, Commercial Artists, Sign- W Rs 100 to stock and push sale of (c) Sending of copies of the pro- responsible position; for (iv) Graduate Information of India and Ceylon Rs. 15. Machines, Stone Crusher*," and Oil Engines, board and Banners Painters, next to Post Wills' Tea. Eastern Traders Syndicate. PROPERTY ceedings of every meeting con- with at least 5 years' administrative ex- Bhat'a All-India Textile Year Book and etc., can be had ex stock. Specific enqui- Office, Triplicane High Road, Madras 5. Post Box No. 2140, Calcutta. M-4305 Offers are invited upto 7-9-'47 for the pur- vened by the Committee to the perience, preferably in transport; and for Directory with Supplement Rs. 14-8. Bhat's ries solicited. Hasambhoy Jetha, opposite C2/FAS ANTED three Clerks on a salary of chase of the undermentioned lands. Fur- honorary visitors; (v) Graduate with administrative experi- Madraa City Information (a detailed guide Byculla Goods Depot, Parel Road, Bombay HE Doctor Answers. Doctors answer W Rs. 50 in the Scale of Rs. 50—3—80 ther particulars can be had at the Office (d) Submission of the register of ence, preferably in transport. Age:—not book for tourist* and businessmen with 27. M-4265-a T liver troubles by advocating Llvergen plus Dearness and House Rent Allowances of the undersigned. jewels and properties to the more than 35 years (38 years for Schedul- classified trade index) Rs. 2. Bhat's Trea- "tjiNTERPRISE" best standard type End because they know its direct action on the Government rate. Clerks with Fire and 1. S. F. No. 83 0-63 cents In Vedanthangal Board and the list of additions ed Caste candidates), on July 1, 1947. Fay tise on Indian School of Palmistry English " Drive Oil Expeller* complete with Ball village, Maduranthakam Taluk. and alterations thereto every for (i), (ii) and (iv) Rs. 300—750; for red blood corpuscles makes H a liver tonic Accidents Insurance experience will be pre- year; edition Rs. 4; Tamil edition Rs. 2. Apply: Bearings and Fllter Presses from ready that cannot fail. ferred. Apply immediately to: The Co- 2. S. F. No. 909/1 0-16 cents in Maduran- (Hi) 350—850; and for (v) 200—450. A Hindustan Agencies, 14, Balaji Nagar, stock. Contact Motors & Machine Tools, W.C.A. CARNIVAL Booklet Lucky operative Fire & General Insurance Society, thakam village. (*) Leases by public auction. higher initial start may be given to a Boyapettah, Madras, or Post Box 43. Coim- 189-B, Mount Road, Madras. 'Phone No. Y.• Number Is—4423. L-4105 Ltd, Post Box No. 1249, G. T.. Madras. 3. S. F. No. 190/1 0-63 cent* in Madu- t. Temple premises are neither kept neat especially qualified man. Other things bators. • 4787 86363. 3019 ' 4838 ranthakam village. nor in good repair. being equal, preference will be given to ULECTRIC Drills AC/DC 4" Thor' R. GANAPATHI IYEK, 4. Shop Buildings unauthorisedly demo- persons of U. P. domicile. Requisitions for & Rs. 190, 1" "Wolf Rs. 335 each nett. PROFESSIONAL Official Trustee of Madras. lished by the Trustees hav* not been re- prescribed application forms and other BUSINESS "Thor" Electric Bander Rs. 400, Hydraulic ALMISTRY Consultations: Rs. 3-6. P. 8. EDUCATIONAL High Court Buildings, constructed. particulars will be entertained upto August MERICAN Transparent Plastic Ciga- Australian 3 ton Jacks Rs. 65, Legg Battery Madras, dated 11-8-1947. 4827 5. The Manager appointed by the Trustees rette Cases, Pocket Size, in 8 beauti- P Neel, 29 Menads Street, near Vellala LINGARAJ COLLEGE, BELGAUM. 21, 1947 and applications on such forms A Charger, 36 volts, 10 Amps. Rs. 780, Port- Street Bus Stand Purasawalkam. L-4077 Applications ar« invited for the post of a with the approval of the Boerd is only a received by the Secretary upto August 25, ful colours, at Rs. 72 per dozen nett. Writs able Electric Grinder, AC/DC Rs. 290. Few Manager in name. He does not have any 1947. Candidates who wish to apply for to Samtani & Co., Elphlnstone Street, TUDY your powers, strong.influences and Lecturer in Physics. Candidates should PUBLIC NOTICES number* available. Write to Broadway S be forewarned to avoid impending cala- possess at least M.Sc. Degree of a recog- NOTICE. hand in the management and consequently more than one class of post should sub- Karachi 3. M-4349 Engineering & Transport Co., 4/104, Trichy mities. Startling life-sketch R9.2. Extensive he is completely in the dark as regards the mit separate applications on the prescribed 1X>R supplies of Enamelware, Basins, Road, Coimbatore. nised University. Persons with previous The Public is hereby informed that our actual management of the temple. His only form, furnishing necessary documents with •*? Plates, etc eontact Syal & Co., Bha- life reading Rs. 5. Query 4 As. Minimum 5 teaching experience preferred. Salary ac- Life Offioe at 66/2, 4th Cross Road, Gandhi duty so far as it is ascertained is to write each application, but need pay only one at a time. Send birth details or horoscope cording to qualifications and teaching ex- Nagar, Bangalore City, has been shifted to eyery day a few items in the day book girath Palace, Chandni Chowk, Delhi TflOR Sale; Phlllsonor Talkie Equipment, In to Sai Astral Studios, Woriur-Trichy. perience. Candidates likely to be selected 291, Linghl Chetty Street, Madras as from application and interview fee. M-4303 " excellent working condition. Rs. 12,000 even which is not allowed to be kept In his Dated Allahabad, August 5, 1947. M-U14 will be called for interview at their own 15th August, 1947. All Agents, Organisers, custody. rpOR Teak Casing Capping for Electric or near offers Invited. Apply to Ramavarma •\7"ENUS Astrology. Consult the most popular expense. Applications should reach the Chief Agents, Special Agents and Inspec- •*? wiring; (J) Sawn Teak for Building Theatre, Trichur. S-1114 tors as well as the Insured* are requested C. S. RAMANUJAN. and Furniture; (3) Softwood Planks for V and scientific astrologer of the day. Get Principal on or before 25th August, 1947. 4815 Acting Secretary. 17OR Sale: One Bell's Dredger Built by any 3 questions about your life accurately M-4327 to contact with the new office at Madras in TENDERS packing Case*, apply to the All-India Con- •F M/s. Richardson fc Cruddas, 25 c. ft. answered for Rs. 2. Each additional query future. trmVERSITY OF MADRAS. struction Co., Ltd., Bagadganja, Itwari, capacity. Rs. 1,750 or nearest offer. Apply As. 8. Try his amazing annual Life Reading Tenders are invited for the construction .Nagpur City. M-4280 SRI RAMAKRISHNA HIGH SCHOOL, KALYANBHAI SARABHAI JAVERI, DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF INDUS- Box No. M-4334, c/o "The Hindu." M-4334 in about 8 periods Rs. 5 per year. Casting General Manager, TRIES ft SUPPLIES, SHAHJAHAN ROAD, Of the main buildings for the University TflLUORESCENT tubes, "Sylvanla" brand OR Gate Channels, Star Hacksaw Blades, a horoscope Rs 2. Synopsis of your whole CUDDAPAH. THE SENTINEL ASSURANCE CO., LTD. A. C. College of Technology at Guindy. * (USA.), 4 ft. long, 40 watt*, White F Crucibles, Pulley Blocks, Files, Pipe life Rs. 10. Mention place, date and exact (Only Forms I to m opened for the NEW DELHI. Tenders will be received by the under- and Daylight, Shipment expected August wrenches, Hair Beltings apply to : A. H, time of birth or of writing. Venus Astrolo- present). THE TRAVANCORE FORWARD BANK Public Notic* signed upto 12 noon on 14th September, end. For supplies contact Allied Mer- Taher & Co., 4/153, Broadway Madras 1. gical Bureau, Teppakulam P.O, Trichinopoly. Wanted immediately for the above school, LTD. ' Sub:—Licensing of lmpoits of non-fer- 1947. Tender documents with full parti- cantile Agencies, 117, Armenian Street, 4673 the following staff :— (Incorporated in Travancore 1929) rous metals for the July-December culars can be had from the undersigned Madras, Post Box 1568, 'Phone: 3402. 4798 OR Sal* : One Double Crown Cylinder (1) A Headmaster, preferably a Mathe- A Scheduled Bank 1947 and January-June 1948 periods. on payment of Rs. 100 which will not be AVE you got an office in Cochin? If F Printing Machine. As good as new. PROPERTY matics L.T. Head Office : KOTTAYAM. Hevalidation erf licences. returned under any circumstances. H not we will attend to your purchases Sparingly used. For particulars apply to : 1J1OR Sale: A decent Storied House, near (2) A combined Drawing and Drill Mas- The Directors have recommended the It is hereby notified for genera! inform- R, RAVI VARMA, and sales. Terms moderate. Satisfaction Sarada Vilasa Press, 8, Karikkara Street, " Triplicane terrtple. Apply Box L-4103, ter. Salary according to Government payment of an ad-interird dividend at the ation that licences valid up to the 30th June Acting Registrar. guaranteed. The National Agencies, Ltd., Kumbakonam. L-4095 c/o "The Hindu". L-4103 scales. rate of 6% per annum for the half-year 1947 for the following non-ferrous metals University Buildings, Mattancherri, Cochin. 'Grams: "Endeav- OR heat-treating Steel most economi- OR Sale: Modern Bungalow with up-to- Apply to : ended 30th June, 1947. items stand automatically revalidated to Triplicane. Madras. our". 'Phone 280. S-1157 F cally, Revlac Electric Furnace, Cham- F date Sanitary Fittings, Electric Lights V. V. SESHACHARLU, The Share Transfer Register of the Bank cover shipment up to the 31st December Dated 14th August, 194T. 482» ryou have anything to ship, clear or ber 6" x 6" x 12", temperature range and Fans, etc., available for immediate oc- Secretary and Correspondent. will remain closed from Thursday, the 21st 1947 and do not require individual revali- forward through Cochin Port contact: 0-1150 deg. C. Gladwyn & Co., 251, Hornby cupation in Nungambakam, Madras. Built Cuddapah, dated 11-8-1947. P-5239 to Monday, the 25th August, 1947, both dation:— NoMJScatfon Th» National Agencies, Ltd., Mattancherri Road, Bombay. M-4290 during latter half of 1942. Apply to days inclusive. GOVERNMENT OF INDIA Cochin. 'Grams: "Endeavour". 'Phone 280.' Saleem Asian* & Co., 38-B, Mount Road, Serial No. in the) CENTRAL TECHNICAL POWER BOARD OR Cutting Iron and Steel Plates, any DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIES ft (By Order of the Board), schedule to the Name of Article. "CLEREMONT" S-1156 F intricate shape with Profile Flame Madras. 4767 C. M. CHERIAN MA, I. T. C. Notifica- AKJAN k CO., Y.M.C.A. Bldgt., Madura Cutting Machine (Oxy-Acetylene), Portable OR Sale: House Site No. 2, Malony COMMERCE. Secretary. SIMLA. undertake representation and purchas- Applications are invited from candi- tion. Electrification of Port Blair Hg. Area. L for straight line and circle, under clear- F Road. Thyagarayanagar, Madras, about Kottayam. 14-8-'47. C2/FAS Part 1—42 Copper Scrap, whe- It is hereby notified that the last date oj ing and selling agencies to Manufacturers ance. Gladwyn k Co., 251, Hornby Road, t\'a grounds, feeing South, opposite to dates eligible for College Course or of Pharmaceuticals, Stationery and Toilet with higher qualifications for the Radio The Department of Industries and Supplies, ther ingotted or the receipt of tenders for the supply and Bombay. M-4289 Hindi Prachar Sabha, near the new Bus otherwise. erection of overhead and underground requisites. Firms, please contact with OR Sale: Infra Red Oven for heating, Service Course in the Arthur Hope Poly- Government of India, desire to exploit „ 43-A Lead ingot, pig (ana •ample* wherever possible. P-5235 Stop. Offers above Rs. 15,000 invited. technic, Coimbatore. Only candidates with Government-owned patent No. 29629 for mains, transformers, switchgear, street F baking and drying. Temperatures 220° Write to P. Bhoopathy, Advocate No. 3, scrap). lighting equipment, etc., for the above •pOLJCE Officers' start of latest regulation to 800-F. Standard Chamber 12" x 12" x Physics' or Mathematics as optional need manufacture of prolamin adhesive from the „ 47- Copper, unwrought Thambu Chetty Street, Madras. L-4081 apply. Applications should reach the gluten, a bye-product of the starch facto- scheme, has been extended to 4 p.m. on * have Just arrived. Available in two 12" but non-Standard Chambers of any re- OR Sale : Excellent storeyed houses in the form of ingot Monday, the 1st September 1947 and the last. M. M. Sharif!, Police Contractor and quired size. Contact: Western. Manufactur- Honorary Director, Arthur Hope Polytech- ries through non-exclusive licences to manu- or slab other than F and bungalows with E. L. F. fetching nic, before the 20th instant and the appli- facturers on the following conditions • date of the opening of the tenders to 10-30 [ercnant, Moore Market, Madras. L-3909 ing Co, P. O. Box 1230, Bombay 1. rent over Rs. 100 in San Thome, Bazaar ingotted scrap (and a.m. on . the 2nd September 1947. Copies >LASTIC Tapes suitable for Watch cants should be ready for interview on the The firms will be allowed to work out including electrolytic L M-4312 Street. Mylapore, near Chitrakulam, Myla- 25th at Coimbatore and loin class on this patent free of royalty for the first year of specifications, etc., can be had on pay- ' Bands, various sizes, available from OR Sal* from immediate stocks: Self- pore. Good building sites of 23 grounds 1-9-1947, if selected. • 4841 copper wire bars). ment of Rs. 15 per set. Other terms an« , tulchand N. Punjabi & Co., Sadar Bazar, Centering and Independent Lathe on the condition that a royalty of 1% will «ht. M-433^ F on the Cenatoph Road, Mount Road, and be charged on the sale price of prolamin Part n—13 _ Aluminium circles, Oonditiccis as contained in' the previous Chucks. Pleas* call at or write to: The other good house properties. Apply: C. S. adhesive from each firm, thereafter subject sheets and other advertisement published in the Press re- ' >AIU3TA>TS w»U-orgMiis«d and reputed Eastern Export &> Import Coy, 2/19, Sin- Krishna Iyer, 12-A, Kennedy Street, Luz, NOTIFICATION. main the same. -< • Firm Oriental General Trading Co. garachari Street, Triplicane, Madras 5. to periodical reviews. manufactures not (Mad), Ltd., Marriot Road, Karachi, shall Mylapore. L-4092 Applications are Invited from candidates 2. No person or Firm should work out otherwise specified. By Order of the Board work for unrepresented Firms for sale of 4696 ROPERTY in Delhi—For sale: Palatial possessing the minimum qualification of a or manufacture the above adhesive accord- „ 13 Unwrought ingots, M. M. DHAWAN. B.A. LL.B , ill kind* of Machinery Plants, Sundries J7IOR Sale: t HP. Witt* Diesel Oil Engine; P residential bungalow, centrally situated pass in the S.S.L.C. Examination with eli- ing to this patent without first obtaining a blocks and bars of M-4344 Assistant Secretary. •T 6/7 NftP. Steam Engine (No boiler); in New Delhi, costing about six lacs is for licence from the Patents Advisory Commit- food and General Stores. M-4248 4" Centrifugal Pump, English make, and gibility for University Course or with higher aluminium. CORPORATION OF MADRAS. pLASTIC watch straps* American brass sale. Apply Box No. M-4296, c/o "The qualifications and with Mathematics or tee. Infringements shall be dealt with two Si" Power Pumps. All in excellent Hindu". M-4296 Physics as optionals for admission to the under the Indian Patents and Designs Act I. Licences which have already been sent Notice. * rubber tip high grade pencils, Ame- condition. Enquiries to Post Box No. 39, Radio Servicing Course In the Arthur Hope 1911. to this office for revalidation will be re- Separate sealed tenders for the contracts rican and English glass tumblers, Austra- Mangalore. M-4331 Polytechnic, Coimbatore, The age limit is turned to the genders, and licensees may mentioned below will be received by the lian eontact torches, English toy motor cars, PUBLIC AUCTIONS 3. Those wishing to obtain licences on the in the meantime proceed with their arrange- Commissioner at Ripon Buildings upto I English and American combs, Cuticura soap TJIBOM Ready-Stock Brand new Austra- normally 18 years, but may be relaxed in above patent should correspond direct with " Han Sturdy and Solid in construction A UCTION of over 1 lac Tiles and Ridges, fit cases. Application forms can be had of the Secretary, Patents Advisory Committee ments for securing the imports of the arti- p.m. on 28th August, 1947. The tender* •nd Cuticura powder, High class French 12" Band Saw Machines and American •**• 350 tons Cement, Furniture, Timber, the undersigned and it should be duly fill- cles covered by these licences. should be submitted in the prescribed forms perfumes, Lambwool British powder puffs, Expanding Reamer Sets from 15/32" to Bailies, Bamboos and other useful Building Department of Industries and Supplies Go. which may be got from the Special Engi- Blue seal vaseline, Utility white steel materials at the Yard near Meenambakkam ed up and submitted so as to reach him vernment of India, New Delhi. M-4276 3. Licences for the non-ferrous metal neer at Rs. 3 each. Each tender must be cabinets ivory whit* enamel finish, Plas- 1-1/16". Contact: Champion Engineering not later than 25-8-1947. and candidates items specified in Part I and Serial Nos. 12 Co., Yusuf Building, Churchgate Street, Rly. Station, on 19th August, at 10 a.m.— who are called for Interview should be and 13 of Part II of the Schedule to the accompanied by a receipt for payment into tic soap cases, Thermos Flasks, etc., etc, Bombay 1. C-S Bom. Murray s. L-3997 NOTICE. the Corporation Treasury of the tender de- available from stocks without engagements, ready to appear for interview on the date Madras State Aid to Industries Act 1922 Government of India Department of Com- posit amount noted against each. Cheques from Messrs. Nalam, Importers 4 Exporters, OR Sale: Kx Stock, new, 6" x t" 'Rapl- T Rubb and Careem'* Auction Rooms, fixed which will be informed and if select- (Act V of 1923) merce Import Trade Control Notification A 14-C, Jaffer Sahrang Street, on Sun- ed they must be ready to Join on 1-9-1947. No. 23-I.T.C./43, dated the 1st July 1943 will not be accepted. Tenders which are *\ Bunder Street, Madras. (C.I.K) F dOT" Heavy Duty Power Saw, •Herbert- day 17th August at 10-30 a.m,. Valuable Notice is hereby given that Messrs. The not accompanied by tender deposits will be tFK have purchaser* for all types of No 2 type T^D.' Capstan Lathes 12" and HONORARY DIRECTOR. Marine Industries Ltd. Madras, have ap- will be separately issued for the shipping rejected. 1 20" Cooper Shaping Machines 6'-0" x 14" Teakwood Furniture, E.P.N.S. ware, New Arthur Hope Polytechnic, plied to the Government of Madras under periods July-December 1947 and January- " Business and Industries. Send full S. W. G. Guillotine Shear, J"/2" Hydraulic Singer Sewing Machine. Ladies Silk under- p-5228 Coimbatore. the Madras State Aid to Industries Act for June 1948. Having received the licence and (1) P. W. Contract No. OS—Laying details. Business Exchange Bureau, Com- Tube Bender, Cup Grinding Wheels, wear and Shoes, New Perambulator, Glass subscription by Government for shares to placed his order, the licensee must produce Sewers, etc., to the gravitation main in missariat Bldg., 231, Hornby Road, Fort, "Pearn's" Tappers Twist Drills. Parry & Show Cases, One 'Ariel' Motor Cycle, 5.5 the value of Rs. 2,50,000 (Rupees two and to the licensing authority a letter from Pantheon Road, Greames Road Area Bombay. M-4323 Co.. Ltd., Dare House^ Madras. 4824 H.P. in perfect order, etc. C4-E.P. INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE, a half lakhs only) in the Company. The the supplier or other satisfactory evidence Tender Deposit Rs. 500. OR Sale: 8 KW. 110 Volts DC. Compound AUCTION Sale: Sewing silk, empty cylin- Malleswaram P.O., Bangalore. objects of the Company are stated to be that the order has been accepted for deli- (2) P.W. Contract No. 228 Carting 125 EDUCATIONAL -£»• ders, earthenware cocks, files, oil non- very in that period and a confirmation Nos. of 24" diameter C.I. Pipes from the F Wound Generator with 10 H P. 600 RPM. Applications are invited to the post of deep sea fishing and allied industries Any Railway Goods Shed at Salt Cptaurs or M opportunity. Learn Homoeopathy by Lister Radiator Cooled Engine; 15 KW. 220 fluid, cotton waste flnff activated charcoal Lecturer in Electron Optics in the Depart- person who may have objection to the certificate to this effect will be given on A pott to become doctor. Detailed pros- fines, aluminium sheet, scrap leather, old grant of the said aid is requested to send the licence. from Madras Harbour—Tender' Deposit Volts DC. Generator with 27 HP. Lister serge clothing, waste paper, steel barrels ment of Metallurgy at the Institute in the Rs, 100, pectus free. Apply early. Indian Institute Engine; 6 N. H. P. Vertical Boiler; 40 and grade Rs. 200—25—350—40/2—550. The Lec- to the Director of Industries and Com- 4. If a licence Is granted for the period •of Homoeopaths. Kumbakonam. P-4395 10 HP. Vertical Engines; 5 HP. 1440 RPM. and. drums, glass bottles, tins of sorts, turer's duties will include theoretical and merce, Madras, notice of his intention to C. NARASIMHAM, scrap gunny, lamp caps, oil tins, furniture appear and object, with his name, full ad July-December 1947, but the licensee finds •CWEE I Free I Free I Just published up-to- AC. Motors. Ask: United India Engineering and crockery, etc., will be sold by public practical instruction as well as guiding re- that the supplier can only ship the goods _, Commissioner. •*• date prospectus "Commercial Opportuni- Co., 76, Old Custom House Road, Fort, search in connection with the Electron dress and calling and with a short state- in the period January-June 1948, the licence Ripon Buildings, Madras, ties" which shows YOU how to achieve Bombay. M-4195 auction at the Cordite Factory, Aruvankadu Microscope and Electron-diffraction. High ment of the grounds of his objection The (Nilgiris), at 11 a.m. on Wednesday, the notice should reach the Director of Indus- will be revalidated by the licensing autho- Dated 13th August 1947. 4840 success in Commerce, Accountancy, Secre- IGH quality all metal portable platform 20th August 1947. P-5229 academic qualifications, research and prac- rity for the latter period provided that the taryship, Banking, Insurance, Advertising H weighing scales, beams, machines, etc., tical experience In Electron Microscope tries and Commerce within 30 days of the necessary evidence is produced to enable Journalism, etc. Latest Information given on available at Messrs. South Asiatic Corpora- RAWING. Dining and Bed room furni- and Electron-diffraction work and crys- date of publication of this notice. Objec- the confirmation certificate to be completed Government-recognised examinations like tion, 601-613, High Road, Triplicane, Mad- D ture, carpets, pictures, gramophones, tallographie analysis essential. The select- tions, if any. will be heard by the Direc- before the 31st December 1947. radios, typewriters, glass, china etc. ed candidate, when confirmed, is entitled, tor Industries and Commerce, Chepauk A.C.C.A, A.C.C.S., Cert. A.I.B. Cambridge ras 8. C2/FAS Madras, on a date to be notified hereafter 5. Applications for licences for the Certificate, Chambers of Commerce, Public LANCASHIRE Boiler—For sale: Lancashire (effects of an officer leaving the station to join the Provident Fund Scheme of period July-December 1947 and the period MAHALUXMI BANK, LTD. Service, etc. All courses conducted from Boiler 30' x 8^" x 160 lbs./iq. in., make and others) at Murrays, Mount Road, this the Institute, the rate o£ subscription M. T. RAJU January-June 1948 should be submitted to Bombay under qualified British supervision. 1917, condition excellent, with current certi- Sunday at 10-20 a.m. L-4074 being 81/3% of the salary, the Institute 4816 Director of Industries 'and Commerce. the Licensing Authority not later than the Ettd. in 1910. 5?£ .or caU for your free c°py NOW i ficate. Also Feed Pump, Superheater, Eco- T ARGE quantities of Fire Fighting Equip- contributing an equivalent amount. Six 31st October 1947 and the 31st December (SCHEDULED BANK) B J.C.A., Dept. 11/A, British Institutes House, nomiser. Contact Western Manufacturing •*^ ments such as Hose Canvas, Branch copies of application with copies of tes- IN THE MATTER OF THE INDIAN COM 1947 respectively. Sample application forms Bombay. Co., Hassan" Chambers, Parsee Bazar Street, Pipers, Celler Pipers, Nozzles, Ladder ex> timonials and two sets of published pa- PANIES ACT VII OF 1913. can be obtained from the Licensing Autho- Branches In all Important cen- {JREGO Shorthand: Easy to learn, write Fort, Bombay. 3971 tensions, etc., at Madras Port Trust, on pers, if any (which will not be returned), and rity. Parties who have already submitted tres of Bengal, Assam, UP, and « and read. Learn by post. For parti- ANTED new or secondhand Metal 23-8-1947, at 10 a.m., under Instructions should reach the undersigned on or be- IN THE MATTER OF TRAVELS LTD. their applications for the period July- In Madras. culars apply to: Principal, Gregg Institute W Planer 8' x 3' 6" x S' in good work- from R.C. (D), Madras, by Chari & Co.. fore the 12th of September 1947, (In Liquidation) December, 1947 on the basis of the public "TripUcane. Madras. L-4066 ing condition. Apply immediately to The GovtvAuctionecrs, Madras 5. L-3993 A. G. PAI, O. P. No., 167 of 1947. notice dated the 3rd July 1947 issued by FIXED DEPOSITS Tt/TATHEMATICS L.T. or Mathematics Sree Meenakshi Mills Ltd., Madura. T AKGE quantity 01 Radio, Electrical, S-1152 Registrar. Notice Is hereby given that a meeting of the Chief Controller of Imports, New Delhi, are now received at the follow-' *••»- B.A. for Mission High School, Shol- P-5236 •" Brass Scrap, Cables, Ford, Chevrolet the creditors of the abovenamed Company should NOT apply again unless specifically ing attractive rates of interests toghur, N. Arcot. Tamil-Telugu or Tamil 3 Tonners, Bedford Tanker, etc., at Salvage will be held for ascertaining the wishes requested by the Development Officer TIT'E have pleasure to announce that we Transit Depot, Tambaram, on Wednesday, INDIAN RESEARCH FUND ASSOCIATION. of the creditors as to the appointment of (Metals). payable on 1st January and 1st Salary in accordance with experience »» are undertaking orders for Electric the 20th August, '47. Instructions from RESEARCH FELLOWSHIPS a committee of Inspection or otherwise and July; Apply, Manager. P-523? Motors of Sq. Cage, 3 to 15 HP. Enquiries R.C. (D) — Zackria Sons Ltd., Madras. such a meeting will be held at the Cham- 6. Application (or licences for the Im- REQUIRED one English or History L.T. to be made to Post Box 392, Calcutta. 1. Applications are inyited for eleven Re> port of goods under Serial Nos. 41—52 of 6 months ... 3% P.A. *• as Headmaster, one Tamil Pandit, and L-4056 search Fellowships under the Indian Re- bers of the Official Receiver High Court 1 year ... 3J4% P.A. C3/Cal. VER 1000 Ford, Dodge and other En- Buildings, Madras, on Tuesday! the 2nd day Part I and 12—13 of Part II should be sub- one Secondary Grade Trained Teacher to ANTED the following equipment for a search Fund Association of the value of of September 1947. at 3 p.m. when all the mitted to the Development officer (Metals), « years ... «% P.A. loin duty before end of August. Apply Commercial enterprise: (1) Paper O gines, M.T. Vehicles, Ferrous and non- Rs. 250 per mensem each. Nine oC the W Ferrous materials, Textiles, etc., at M.T.S. fellowships are reserved for medical gra- creditors are requested to attend D.G.I. & S., New Delhi. In case of items No deposit shall be allowed to Manager Sadakathun Jaria Middle School, Manufacturing Machine of moderate size; Depot, Bangalore, on 26th August at 10 a.m. 12 and 13 of Part II the Development run for more than 2 years. Half Kilakaral, Ramnad District, stating terms. (2) Biscuit Manufacturing Plant; (3) Saw duates possessing qualifications included in Notice is also given that a meeting of Officer (Metals) will forward such appli- Mill; (latest type complete Set), round under instructions from R.C. (D).—Mur- the Schedules of the Medical Council of the contributories of the abovensmed per cent extra interest for sums V rays. L-4099 India and two are open to persons hold. Company will be held for the above pur- cations ss he can recommend to the of Rs. 10,000 and over. For WANTED for the B. B. K. High School and square logs to cut into planks and sizes, SUNDAY 10-30 a.m. Superior Furniture, D.C.C.I, Calcutta, for the issue of an im- »» Aruppukottal, Ramnad District, (1) new or secondhand; (4) Iron Trusses, width ing a Master's Degree in Science of a re- poses at the above said place on Wednes- port licence. particulars apply to:— • Science L.T, or a Graduate. (2) a Tamil between 40—45 and 50 ft. new or second- Glass and E. P. N. S. ware. Type- cogn!6ed University. Applicants must be day the 3rd day of September 1947 at 3 ????£** luahfied as per M.E.R., (3) a hand; (5) Iron Purlings, new or second- writers, Radios. Piano, Refrigerators, Cy- prepared to work whole time and will be p.m., when all the contributories are re 7. No increases: in the C.I.F. Values as G. C. PAL, B.L.. M.L.A. Y.M.C.A. trained Physical Instructor and hand with size available; (6) Galvanised cles etc., 12, Haddows Road, Nungambak- debarred from private practice. quested to attend. ' shown in licences will be allowed. Licensees Mg. Director, kam. Berlingtons. L-4094 2. The Fellowships are open to men and * OFFICIAL RECEIVER. should therefore so place orders and ad- 15, CIJVE ST.. CALCUTTA. (4) a Hindi Pandit. Apply to tee Corres- Iron and Asbetos sheets, for Building con- Official Receiver's Office, pondent immediately. P-5198 struction; (7) Expeller different size only, UPERIOR Drawing, Dining and Bed- women and will be tenable for s period just imports that In C.I.F. Value of goods or WANTED for B. R. College, Agra—Asso- operation by Power; (8) Front Knee action S room Furniture, D.C., H.M.V. Refri- of two years from-the 1st April, 1948, sub- High Court Madras, on arrival does not exceed that shown in • »T date Professors In Botany and Agrl- Spring, for an Opel Car, 1939 Model, 10 gerator with spare A.C. Motor, Glessware, ject to a satisfactory probationary period th« licences. A, C. BOSE. of six rrfonths. A contingent grant of Rs. Dated 12-8-1947. . 4826 (Sd.) D. P. ANTIA, Manager, •ulture In the grade Rs. 250—20—450 and H.P., new or secondhand available. Please Crockery, E. P. ware. Radio, Carpets, etc., THE AYER MANIS RUBBER ESTATE Assistant Professors in Horticulture Phy- communicate the either whole or part at 'Cottingley', Anderson Road. Nungam- 250 per annum will be given in addition to Development Officer (Metals), 165. BROADWAY MADRAS. thereof in the above requirements with bakkanr. Effects of The Hon'ble Mr. Jus- the fellowship of Rs. 250 p.m. This con- LIMITED. stfes and Agricultural Statistics In the full particulars and lowest quotation ex- tice M. Shahabuddin and others. Sale on tingent grant is meant to meet expendi- Notice Is hereby given that the Tenth Ordi- (Ex-Offlcio Dy Controller of grade Rs. 150—15—300. A Ph.D. or an pected to P.T.. 97-98, Armenian Street, Sunday, 17th August, 1947 at 10-30 a.m.— ture which cannot be met by the College nary General Meeting of the Company will M-4S0* Steel Imparts). equivalent degree essential for the posts of Madras 1. 4771 Zackria Sons Ltd., Auctioneers. L-4061 or Institution at which the Research Fellow be held at Alagappanagar (Cochin State) Associate Professors. Apply to the Princi- will conduct his or her research. on Saturday, the 30th August 1947 at 4 p.m. pal, on the prescribed form to be had on 3. All applications should be on the pre- to transact th« following business : enclosure of a rupee stamp. M-4347 RADIO scribed form, copies of which can be had 1. To receive, consider and adopt the MATRIMONIAL / TlfURPHY Radios—5-, and 6 Valves, AC. from the Secretary, Governing Body and Directors' Report and the Audited Ac- SYRIAN Xian of 33 desires to marry a •"•I and A.C./D.C. Models available. Sole Scientific Advisory Board, Indian Research counts of the Company for the year ELECTRICAL GOODS A woman over 28 years. Only parties authorised dealers for City. Jay-O-Phcne Fund Association, Hutments Civil Block ended 31st December 1946. SOUTH INDIAN RAILWAY "E*IRST Class Inter-communicattog Sett in Interested in registered marriage and will- Co, 129, Rasappa Chetty St., P. T., Madras. No. 36, Behind South Block. Imperial Sec 2. To elect Directors. •*- two colour Plastic. Glsdwyn 4 Co., ing to help financially for running his busi- retariat, New Delhi (4). 3. To appoint one or more Auditors for ness need contact for further particulars. 4812 the current year and dx his or their The South Indian Railway have the pleasure to announce 151. Hornby Road, Bombay. M-4291 Box No. L-4090 c/o "The Hindu". L-4090 ADIOS for places where there is no Application form must b« accompanied TEEL Tubular Poles British 28, 30 and R electricity. Complete and excellent by 30 typed copies of a note on the pro- remuneration. that with effect from the 15th August, 1947, the Madras S 35 ft. Rs. 130, 163 end 280 each Ex ANTED immediately non-Bharadwaja range—front 3-valve set for local reception posed research. Detailed instructions re- 4. To transact any other business that Godown Madras, Delivery September. W Bridegrooms—Madhwa, well placed to 6-valve three band all wave table and garding the preparation of this note will may be properly brought before the Suburban Electrified Service is being augmented. On week Apply L. B. SO, Madras 1. 4781 in- life for girls aged 17 and 15, good be sent along with the application forms. meeting. looking, accomplished and well trained. portable models—all working off Eveready Selected candidates will be required to (The Register of members and the TranS1 days 196 Electric Trains per day will be run against 157 at X7"OLT and Ammeters, House Service Box No. P-4934. c/o "The Hindu." P-4934 dry battery pack. Trade enquiries invited. corrie for an interview and will be allowed fer Books of the Company will be closed present and on Sundays and Commercial Holidays 168 » Meters. Apply Messrs. Modi and Eastern Electronics, 14, Hall Road, Lahore. from 16th to 30th August, 1947 both days Modi, 11, Linghl Chetty Street, Madras. ANTED an educated, well-accom- one Intermediate class railway far* each W plished and fair-looking bride other M-4264 way for the journey. Inclusive). against 142. For detailed particulars of train service, please than Kasyapagotram of a respectable Applications should be addressed to the (By Order of the Board), see official Time Table, priced at One Anna and Six Pies family for a Smartha fair Brahmin gradu- STATIONERY Secretary, Governing Body and Scientific For RAMAL It .CO., LTD. FRUITS AND GARDENING ate, virgin widower. 29 years, highly con- •C1OR 1>urex' Brand Files, Composing Advisory Board, Indian Research Fund As- RM. ALAGAPPA CHETTIAR, per copy, which will be sold at all Stations on the Madras fiTJT FLOWERS and Rose Plants varieties nected and very well settled in life in •v. Sticks, Hand Numbering Machines all sociation. Hutments Civil Block No 36. Be- Managing Director, *-' galore—Quality vegetable anrl flower Bombay Advertisement for selection. Steel, Printing Inks, etc., apply to B. S. hind South Block. Imperia' Secretariat, Managing Agents. Beach-Tambaram Section. . seeds. Th» Soundarya Nursery, Bangalors Appy with horoscopes with fuil particulars Murthy & Co, 4, Thyagaraya Road, X'Nagar, New Delhi (4), so as to reach him not later Aiagappanagar P.O., Cochin State. City. * 6 43S7 to Box No. L-3835, c/» "The. Hindu." Madras. 4793 than 1st October, 1947. ' M-4345 6th August, 1943;, s ..ft-USl THE HINDU, FRIDAY, AUGUST 15, 1947.

NEW GLOBE SELECT SOUTH INDIAN RAILWAY CITY CINEMA FARE FINANCE & COMMERCE GRAND GALA OPENING : GRAND GALA PROGRAMME ON OUR HEARTIEST GREETINGS 4 % INDEPENDENCE DAY' CELEBRATIONS INDEPENDENCE DAY 15-8-1947. to all on this RAJAH DO RAISING AM » "THE SHOCKING MISS PILGRIM" FRIDAY, 15th AUGUST 1947 Daily 3 Shows at 3, 8-15 &. 9-30 p.m. TENDER NOTICE. INDEPENDENCE DAY laled Tenders for working an Out-Agency MADRAS MARKETS MADRAS, Aug. 15. Daily at 6-30 &. 9-30 p.m. KHURSHID, MOTILAL & DIXIT MEMORIAL COLLEGE, it Mukkudal (Tirmevelly District) to be Twentieth Century-Fox's Technicolor Matinee on Fri., Sat., Sun. & Tues. at 3-30 p.m. in MONEY musical "The Shocking Miss Pilgrim", SHOCKING ! SHE'S SENSATIONAL ! SIVAGANGAVRAMNAD DIST. ipened shortly are invited by the Chief. costarring Betty Grable and Dick Hay- D. R. RANKA BROS., MADRAS, Aug. 14. BETTE GRABLE with DICK HAYMBS RANJIT'S MUSICAL EXTRAVAGANZA Admission is extended to 20th ;ommercial Superintendent, South Indian B.C. Rate T.T., D.D., Ready 17-15/16d. mes will be shown at the New Globe Wholesale Silverware Merchants from to-day. Set against the colourful P instant. Intending candidates lailway. Trichinopoly upto 12 Noon on B.C. Rate D.D., T.T. Forward 17-29/32d. and Manufacturers should appear in person before 5th September, 1947 and will be opened by Banks Selling T.T., D.D. Ready 17-31/32d background of Boston in the 1870's the HOOLWARI Banks Selling D.D., T.T. 6 mths. picture unfolds the saga of America's THE SHOCKING A Musical ComedJAy I witHINh DRomantic Scenes. CHINTADRIPET, MADRAS 2. the Principal with their S.S.L.C. him or his representative at his office on first "female typewriter" who stormed the book and transfer certificate on the 17th September, 1947. 17-15/16d. Banks Buying Rate D.D. on Lon- rock-ribbed citadel of the American busi- MISS PILGRIM SRI RAMA BALA GANA VINODA or before 20-8-1947. Hostel ac- Each tender should be accompanied by a don 4, 5 & 6 mths. 1/32 higher 18-l/16tt ness office—heretofore a strictly male RANKA PICTURES Release from commodation is available. domain into which no respectable girl IN GLORIOUS TECHNICOLOR SABHA'S cash receipt from the Railway Administra- Banks . Buying Rate 3 months' Plans rapidly filling — Book early Independence Day tion's Financial Adviser and Chiet Ac- - sight on London 7, 8 & 9 mths. would dare poke her nose. It remained INDEPENDENCE DAY CELEBRATIONS Diwan Bahadur counts Officer at Trichinopoly Junction or for Miss Cynthia Pilgrim, armed with In our Opening Scene, 1/32 higher .. 18id. the first typewriter and business col- LAL-HAVELI (Hindi) C. S. SRINIVASACHARI, receipt issued by the Reserve Bank of The market is dull. ROXY Mahatmaji hoisting the National Flag, with India or by one of the branches of the Im- Swiss Banks Selling Demand Draft lege diploma, to take that daring step with GRAND DOUBLE ATTRACTION I At VICTORIA Talkies, Alandoor. Principal. results that set prim Boston on its ear Nehruji by hi* side and Netaji saluting the perial Bank of India for a tender deposit (per Rs. 100) .. 129 Frcs. To-day & upto Sun. 3 Shows Flag. )f Rs. 500. The final date for the accept- Rs. A. and catapulted her handsome. young iftce of deposits by the Financial Adviser boss into a world of romance he had at 3-30, 6-30 & 9-30 p.m. mm TO-DAY AT 9-30 P.M. IN OUR Canada Banks Selling Demand never known. You'll roar with Laughter when you see their md Chief .Accounts Officer, Trichinopoly, Draft (per $100) .. 331 12 ill be 13th September, 1947 and deposits Canada Banks Buying Telegraph "DAKOTA" funniest comedy KUDUMBA VAZHKAI paid into the Reserve Bank or Imperial LAUREL & HARDY Transfer (per $ 100) .. S30 U The Republic film "Dakota", which opens _ DRAMA — FREEDOM IS YOURS TO-DAY Bank of India or -any of its branches after Canada Banks Buying Demand at the New Elphinstone to-day, tells a this date will not be accepted by the Rail- AT S. V. S. NEW THEATRE, MOUNT ROAD Draft (per $100) .. 328 12 story of Western America of the pioneer- Till Sunday MADRAS THEATRES LTD. ay Administration. The deposits of un- American Dollars Banks Selling ing days. John Wayne portrays John Dev- PARDON^US and FREEDOM FROM PAIN WILL successful tenders will be returned as soon Demand Draft (per $ 100) .. 331 12 lin, a rough-tough, taciturn cowhand and Special Dances by our party at 3-30 p.m. ALSO BE YOURS as possible after the tenders have been American Dollars Banks Buying rancher, who elopes from Chicago to Da- By the request of Film Cham- disposed of. SONS OF THE DESERT OB 16-8-1947 and 17-8-1947. . Try Demand Draft (per $100) . 329 0 kota, with his young bride. Vera Hruba ber we are having our regular American Dollars Banks Buying Ralston. He believes that the new found Printed forms of tender and general con- territory will prove'advantageous, but runs Morning Show 16th Aug. 10 a.m. Next : "XHIRUMAZHISAI ALWAR" V. B. RAO'S FAMOUS PUTTUR Telegraph Transfer (per S100I .. 330 0 "LONE DEFENDER" shows at HERBAL OIL ditions of contract can be had from the into a band of crooks who plot to drive the Chief Commercial Superintendent. South Straits Banks Selling Demand ranchers from their homes and blame the Starring fRHU TIN TIN I Indian Railway, Trichinopoly, on applica- Draft (per $1001 _ .. 15? 0 raids on the Red Indians. GANDHARVA VIDYALAYA, Prabhat Talkies, tion. Straits Banks Buying Demand Morning Show 17th, Aug. at 10 a.m. SOWLIN Draft (per $ 100) . 155 8 "ARABIAN NIGHTS" T'NAGAR Broadway „ Hongkong Banks Selling Telegraph "VANISHING LEGION" (DEENADAYULU STREET) Tor Paralysis. Rheumatism, etc. Transfer or Demand Draft (per P. R, Productions' musical "Arabian Exciting, thrilling drama ! Saraswathi „ Nights", featuring Kannan Devi, Nawab, (Mulie School run by the Indian Fine Arts $ 100) .. 84 0 THE DAY OF DAYS IS HERE ! Society) & 2 OZ. Re. 1-8-0. DISPOSALS Hongkong Banks Buying Demand Robin Mazumdar and Molina will be shown at the Star Talkies from to-day. INDEPENDENCE DAY CELEBRATIONS Marine Engines & .Spares Draft (per S 1001 82 8 INDEPENDENCE DAY I Kinema Central M/s. KOLVENS, Chemists, London/New York (Dollars per The story- is set against the background And the Picture for the Day [ 16-8-1947 at 5 p..m. Sealed tenders are invited for pur- £1 Stg. I 4.023 to 4 031 of fabulous Baghdad. Mrs. V. K. SEETHALAKSHMI AMMAL 4, STRINGER ST., MADRAS 1. chase and removal of the following AT THE ON INDEPENDENCE DAY. London/Berne (Prancs per REST OF THE PROGRAMME hoists the national flag. stores situated at 502 Transportation £1 Stg. I 17.34 to 17.38 NEW ELPHINSTONE Stores Depot, Avadi. Broadway: "Dost." Mrs. SADANAND presides. Reserve Bank of India Rate 3%. Casino: "The Man I Love." To-day st 3-15, 6-15 & 9-30 p.m. Bank of England Rate 2%. All are cordially invited. STORES. QUANTITY. Crown: "Gollabhama." A Rousing Drama of Romance and (1) Chrysler Crown M7 Engines Gaiety: "Krishna Leela." complete with one set of STOCK EXCHANGE Kapali: "Badulti Duniya." ^^ Excitement ! Klnema Central: "Manonmani." Spares 12 NOON QUOTATIONS Cylinder S — Bore 3.7/16" Midland: "The Egg and I." DAKOTA MADRAS, Aug. 14. Minerva: "Monsieur Beaucaire." In a Free and Glorious India that is to be Stroke 4.%" Piston displace- Govt. Securities: 3% 1953-55 G. I. Loan Prabhat: "Mera Sohag." with ment 250.6 cu. in. 7 Nos. Rs 102-5 si., ct.; 3% 1958 Mysore Loan Rs. Roxy: "Sons of the Desert." JOHN WAYNE, VERA HRUBA RALSTON Engine develops 115 B. H. P. 107-6, 107-6-6 ct.; 3% 1951-54 G. I. Loan Rs. Sagar: "Gollabhama." and WALTER BRENNAN "FAMOUS" at 3200 R.P.M. Petrol. 102-6 ct.; 3% 1957 Victory Loan Rs. 102-7 ct.. Saraswathi: "Kismet." (2) Bilge Pumps. 8 Nos.si. and 3% 1953 Madras Loan Rs. 101-1 ct., si. Select: "Poolwhan" CASINO will deliver tc you all the Screen's greatest hits Banks and Insurance: Indian Overseas Bank Wellington: "Bairamkhan." (3) Spares for above type Three Shows on Fri., Sat, and Sun. as they have done in the past. You should not miss this enjoy- Engine 57 Sets T?s. 140. Miscellaneous : F. A. C. Ts. Rs. 9-2 ct., 9-3 at 3-15, 6-15 & 9-30 p.m. able programme of the Superscribe reference: Tender No. ct. and General Papers Rs. 10-4 ct. BOMBAY MARKETS IDA LUPINO — ROBERT ALDA RCM/32036/C-3. Plantings : Manar Estates Re. 1 INDEPENDENCE DAY Textiles : Madura Mills Rs. 84-4 ct.; Cam- THE STOCK EXCHANGE ^^ in Warner's throbbing love drama ! Last date due: 4 p.m. on 10-9-1947. Watch ft CELEBRATION! bodia Mills Rs. 23-14 ct. Trichinopoly Mills BOMBAY, Aug. 14. or Offer to remain open for acceptance up Rs. 21-8 ct. The Stock Exchange showed a moderate THE MAN I LOVE to 10-10-1947. The following. Is the list of business done on activity under the lead of steels following SRIMATHI encouraging July production report. But with ANDREA KING PRABHAT'S FAMOUS PICTURES' Earnest Money > 10% of tendered value the Stock Exchange on 14-8-1947 : A strangely fascinating romance set to music ! should be deposited in the Imperial Bank of Mysore Coupon Rs. 100; West Coast failure of other sections to respond caused a Bank/Reserve Bank/Goveinment Electrics Rs. 7; F. A. C. Ts. Rs. 9-3, si.; set-back. However, eventually a better tone Dhanalakshmi Mills Rs. 196; Cambodia Mills developed with textiles also finishing better Sunday, 17th Aug. at 10 a.m. Treasury in favour of Regional Among miscellaneous items, Scindias and "DESERT SONG" MERA SOHAG Commissioner (Disposals), Madras Rs. 23-14, 24; Rajalakshmi Mills Rs. 200; AAGE BADHO Lakshmi Mills New Rs. 115; Blue Mountains Burmahs were moderately active. Banks DENNIS MORGAN IRENE MANNING and the chalan or the receipt attach- Rs. 2-3; Chemtoa Peak Rs. 9-14; Neelamalai attracted some interest. Starring: AND ed to the tender. The following are the closing quotations : Teas Rs. 3-4; Nilgiri Teas Rs. 9; T. R. T. KURSHID, Sales are subject to terms and condi- Ordys. Rs. 7-6; Rajagiri Rubbers Rs. 5-1; Govt. Securities : 21% 1947-52 Rs. 100-13 MINERVA tions as in Form Con. 117 which can be Coorg Tea Rs. 5-11 and Vaikundam Rubber 3% 1949-52 Rs. 102-3; 1951-54 Rs. 102-6-6 From Friday, 15th Aug. 1947 KUSUM DESHPANDE ft seen at the offices of the Director Gene- Rs. 8-10. 1953-55 Rs. 102-9-6; 1963-65 Rs 101-12; 1966-68 BOB HOrE — JOAN CAULFIELD DEV ANAND. MOHAN Rs. 101-14; 3% Govt. Loan 1986 Rs. 100-9; 31% ral of Disposals, New Delhi and the 1949-52 Rs. 100-8; 1% 1960-70 Rs. 113-12 and Regional Commissioner (Disposals), The Stock Exchange will remain closed on 42% 1955-60 Rs. 114-4. Madras. Friday the 15th, Saturday the 16th, and MONSIEUR Famous will always keep the Flag Flying. Monday the 18th August 1947, for 'Indepen- Banks : Central Rs. 97-8; Imperial (P. P. Blank tender forms can be obtained dence Day' Celebrations and Ramzan. Rs. 546-4; Imperial (F. P.) Rs. 2,200; Bank of from the REGIONAL COMMISSIONER India Rs. 232 and Resetve Rs. 116-8. BEAUCAIRE (DISPOSALS), MADRAS on payment in Textile Mills: Ahmedabad Advance Rs. 465 Showing Daily at 3-30, 6-30 & 9-30 pjn. cash or by Money Order of Rs. 5/- per TIRUPUR COTTON MARKET Bombay Dyeing Rs. 1,026-4; Central India Rs. 301; Century Rs. 982-8; Colaba Land Rs. MIDLAND FAMOUS PICTURES set of 2 tender forms. Tender fee is not TIRUPUR, Aug. 13. 240; Gokak Rs. 312-8; Indian Bleaching Rs refundable. Tender form is not trans- The following are the current market quota- From To-day 3 Shows at 3-30, 6-30 & 9-30 p.m. BANGALORE CITY. 158; Kohinoor Rs. 562; Phoenix Rs. 1,202-8 CLAUDETTE COLBERT ferable. tions : Sholapur Rs. 6,050; Simplex Rs. 333-4; Swa- 'Phone : 2663. 'Grams : "FAMOUS FILM", Cotton lint per candy of 784 lbs. : Cambodia deshi Rs. 590 and Vishnu .Rs. 600. FRED MACMURRAV The tenders should be in double seal- first crop best quality Rs. 546 to Rs. 555; ed covers and addressed to Regional Miscellaneous: Alcock Rs. 661-4; Belapur Karunganni fVrst crop best quality Rs. 504 to Sugar Rs. 258; Bombay-Burmah fOId) Rs. Commissioner (Disposals), United India RE. 516; Cambodia first Crop average type Rs, 462-8; Bombay-Burmah (New) Rs. 160; Bom-THE EGG AND I Life Building, Esplanade, Madras 523 to Rs. 544; Karunganni first crop average bay Steam Rs. 572-8; Bombay Tram Rs. 119; AN ADAPTATION FROM THE BEST who reserves the right to allocate the type Rs. 486 to Rs. 502 and Cambodia low Burmah Petrol Rs. 3-8; Seindia Steam Ks. 31; iELLING NOVEL BY BETTY MACDONALD whole or'.any portion thereof at his dis- type crop Rs. 504 tp Rs. 518. Shivrajpur Rs. 38: Andhra Valley Rs. 1,625; cretion and such allocation made, will Kapas (i.e., cotton with seeds) per pothi of Tata Power Rs. 1.710; Tata Hydro Rs. 172; be final. 280 lbs. : Cambodia first crop best quality Rs. Tata Steel defd. Rs. 1,905; Tata Steel ordy. KAPALI TALKIES M.S.SUBBULAKSHMI 84 to Rs. 85; Karunganni first crop best quality Rs. 380; Tata Steel 1st pref. Rs. 210; Tata Last 3 Shows To-day at 2-20, $ & 9-30 p.m. Delivery will be ex-site and removal Entertains you from A.i.R. Madras Rs. 83! to Rs. 84; Cambodia first crop average Steel 2nd pref. Rs. 163-8; Construction Rs. NAGIAH AND JAYAMMA • The picture for the occasion should be completed within one month type Rs. 81 to Rs. 83; Karunganni first crop 190; Indian Iron Rs. 35-7; Burmah Corpn and Trichy. Tune in your Radio from the date of acceptance of offers. average type Rs. 82 to Rs. 83 and Cambodia Rs. 4-6; Indian Copper Rs. 3-6; Associated and hear her delightful broadcast Tenders will be opened in the pre- outside crop Rs. 78 to Rs. 80. Cement Rs. 161-8: New India Insurance Rs. T H Y A G I A H between 8 p.m. and 8-30 p.m. sence of tenderers in the Visiting Room Cotton seeds per baram of 1,000 lbs. : Cam- 77: Ajmer Elec. Rs. 12-12 and Bombay Sub- bodia seeds Rs. 117 to Rs. 124 and Karunganni urban Rs. 158-12. (TELUGUP at 11 a.m. on 11-9:1947. seeds Rs. 147 to Rs. 150. BULLION Inserted by: T C. M. C. Statement : Arrivals Jan. I to Permits to inspect the stores may be The bullion From 16-8-1947 obtained, on application, from the 9-8-1947: Cotton lint 12,974 Candies and Cotton market displayed a Quietly BAIRAMKHAN easy tone. Spot silvev opened at Rs. 176-2, K. C. DEY &.MUMTAZ SHANTI Regional Commissioner (Disposals), kapas 2,00,424 Pothies. Stocks as on 10-8-1947 : Cambodia cotton lint 17,337 Candies;. Karun- declined by two rupees on bull liquidation, "HIS MASTER'S VOICE" Madras. but partially recovered to Rs. 175 at the close, 1 ganni cotton lint 3,131 Candies; Cambodia The film narrative of Sri. M. S. SUBBULAKSHMI REGIONAL COMMISSIONER ' cotton kapas 19,944 Pothies and Karunganni while forward opened at Rs. 174-2 and eased BADULTI DUNIYA (DISPOSAL'S) SOUTHERN CIRCLE, cotton kapas 2,534 Pothies F.O.C. to Rs. 172-12. Gold was steadier, spot open- Records exclusively for H.M.V. ing at Rs. 109-6 and closing at Rs. 109 and (HINDI) the life story of the great United India Life Building, forward opening at Rs. 109-2 and Closing at warrior which will . be an Esplanade, Madras. 4796 COCHIN MARKET REPORT Rs. 109. LAKSHMI TALKIES . COTTON (PERAMBUR BARRACKS) (From tha Cochin Chamber of Commerce) example to our present There was no trading in the forward sec- Special Mornina Show on Friday at 10 a.m. COCHIN, Aug. 13. tion of the cotton market in the motning, 15-8-1947 generation. The following are the quotations which the September contract being below the floor ruled during the week ending August 9, 1947: level of Rs. 430. At close, however, the con- Rs. A. tract was quoted at Rs. 430-8. WE TWO Coconut Oil : F.A.Q. Per candy of NOW ON SHOW First Time Affer 1939 655.6 lbs. Ready .. 511 8 M. K. T., N. S. K. & T. A. M. One month's forward delivery .. 533 0 The Stock Exchange will reopen, after the Copra: F.A.Q. Per candy of 655.6 lbs. 380 0 Independence holidays, on Tuesday, August 19, Coconut Oil Cake 101 0 HARID'AS Coir Yarn : Per candy ol 6 .cwts. AMERICAN MARKETS Daily 3 Shows at 3-30, 6-30 & 9-jO p.m. Baled weight terms : AT WELLINGTON, MADRAS NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE 17th & 18th at 10 a.m. ALTURA PENS Real Alapat Proportion 33/34/33 .. 349 3 Anjengo: Special „ .. 325 0 NEW YORK, Aug. 13. "VATHAN-KIE-LIEYA" 315 0 Further recovery tendencies brought early (English Made). Superior „ ., modest gains with occasional enlargement uf Ordinary ff ., 271 11 GAIETY TALKIES 235 0 activity, but' the market subsequently quiet- Weaving : Tine „ ened and an irregularity developed with Special Mornina Show on Friday at 10 a.m. Superior „ ., 260 0 15-8-1947 Non-self-filling Common „ •. 232 8 prices recording mixed changes covering one I3-O-1ST' Aratory : Special 50/50 ., 275 0 point. Leading Motors, Films, Food Machi- Radiant 272 8 nery and Specialities were the best supported Superior 33/34/33 ., issues thoroughout the morning. Minings W E TWO Ordinary ,, 268 0 Transparent 231 4 particularly gold shares, displayed early firm- Imitation Alapat 20/50/30 . ness, but softened when the United States __ From 15-8-1947 Ashtamudi 33/34/33 ., 229 5 Colours 170 0 Treasury denied rumours of a gold price Rope No. 2 No proportion . increase. The averages were: Industrials „ 3 166 0 KRISHNA LEELA Thick or Slender Barrels 162 0 179.86 and Rails, 48.27. Prices fluctuated 4 narrowly as the irregularity continued ir Daily 3 Shows at 3, 6 4 9-30 p.m. ,i 5 „ 158 0 Build 14-ct. Gold Nibs 154 0 afternoon, dealings. Trading was sluggish witl .i 6 „ . many operators awaiting fresh developments Sunday, 17-8--47 Morning Show at 10 a.m. DEHMBANK Coir Fibre: Per bale of 500 lbs.! including discussions starting in Washington STEWART GRANGER In next. Monday on easing the terms of the "CARAVAN" DEVKPRpn nRniEE BonKine. Rs. 14-8-0 each. WHILE'STOCK LASTS No. 1 No proportion . 60 0 58 8 American Loan to Britain. Motors were stil No. 2 well supported despite sporadic shutdowns in BROADWAY No. 3 some midwest plants due to the heat wave 1 Coconuts : Per 1,000 Nos. . 182 0 Rubbers were also steady with the exception FOR ONE WEEK ONLY. H.O.: BOMBAY AND 46 BRANCHES Telephone: ^•"PlV/f- X. f ^ Telegrams: Hill Produce : of Goodtich Co. But the softness therein was From Saturday, 16-8-1947. 2533 & 4086. V^Jji'X VX VSV^« "GAMAPEN"; latterly relieved somewhat with the C. I. O Lemongrass oil, per doz. bottles . 55 0 request to the local Unions to cancel the 326, CHINA BAZAAR, MADRAS. Pepper, garbled pet cwt, . 96 3 strike scheduled to start on Thursday after the D O S T Ginger, garbled, bleached „ 50 8 Company had complied with the demand for (HINDI) „ unbleached „ 49 0 new contract bargaining on a company-wide with ,. broken „ 44 0 basis. Late dealing confirmed the market's NURJEHAN & MOTILAL To-day, on this most unique, Turmeric, garbled, finger «, 50 0 position of fraction to one point gains to un 3 Shows on Sat. & Sun. at 3 6-15 & 9-30 p>.m. bulb 25 0 :hanged. Market closed irregular. 2 Shows on other days at 6-15 & 9-30 p.m. auspicious and historic day of the Nux vomica, ungarbled „ . 15 11 Full Rate for children 3 yean and aboye. NEW YORK COTTON Cotton opened steady, 3 to 8 points higher, Next Week : 15th August 1947, when our be- ON THIS MEMORABLE DAY OF " MADRAS OBSERVATORY ind the small initial gains encountered selling Jupiter's "SRI MURUGAN" >ased on anticipatory hedges and rain report: + from Texas. Prices then rallied under the loved country regains its indepen- INDIAN INDEPENDENCE BAROMETER READING eadership of the near October option influenced KINEMA CENTRAL MADRAS (Meenambakkam), Aug. 14. >y covering in connection with Commodity 2ND WEEK dence, the Dena Bank offers to each FEEL FREE FROM ALL ANXIETIES Official Barometer Reading dated August 14, Credit Corporation purchases of raw cotton From Saturday: 16-8-1947. 1947 for ships in the Madras Harbour; for Japan, with other buying probably attri BY At 8-30 hrs. Indian Standard Time (03-00 lutable to technical considerations. The belle! _ _ MODERN THEATRES' and every one of its 60,000 clients G.M.T.) and Temperature 84° F., a mercury ;hat rains in Texas were so far insufficient to Insuring your LIFE, MOTOR, PROPERTY, Etc. barometer without index error at mean sea reak the dvought further aided sentiment MANONMANI Greetings and Good Wishes. level would actually read 1010.1 mbs, (29.895 When support had been satisfied, sagging ten WITH" dencies developed owing to lacK of follow-up (TAMILI inches) and a compensated aneroid 1002.8 mbs. with • (29,676 inches). buying which reduced the interim gains abou 10 points, though advances averaged about 1 CHINNAPPA, RAJAKUMARI, KRISHNAN For correction of ships barometer, subtract & MATHURAM NEW ASIATIC INSURANCE COMPANY, LIMITED from the above official barometer reading 0.03 point at noon. The pre-noon drifting tendency continued during early afternoon on scattered 3 Shows on Friday, Saturday & Sunday at mb, {.001 inch) for every foot of elevation • 1-45, 5-45 & 9-45 p.m. Post Box 1227 A. SUBBIAH, of the instrument above the mean sea level. profit-taking and hedges. Prices then suddenly Manager. rallied on increased trade demands and som 2 Shows on Other Days at 5-45 & S-45 p.m. •Phone: 2718 (Madras Branch). price-fixing operations which found seller: Full Rate for Children 3 Yean A Above. THE PROPERTY extremely reluctant with offerings. Sentimen1 SPACIOUS House, No. 35, Nammalwar was further aided by claims of insufficient PRABHAT, MADRAS A Street, Kondithope, George Town, in rains in Texas and the market closed firm 21 2ND WEEK. good locality for sale. Rs 15,000 or near to J6 points higher. Sales were estimated a From Saturday: 16-8-1947. oiler. Apply in person to G V Radha- 130,000 bales. BANK OF JAIPUR, LTD. The prices are : _ j- FAMOUS'S krishna Naidu, No. 35. Main Road Wine (Incorporated in Jaipur State: Liability of Members being limited). Shop, Perambur. L-4107 October 32.75/75; December 32.39/42: Janu- ary 32.20 Nominal; March 32.30/30; May 31.9! MERA SOHAG Under the Patronage of and largely supported by the Government Nominal: July 31.73 Nominal; October 28.1! (Hindil of His Highness the Maharaja of Jaipur. MYLAI SANGEETHA SABHA (Regd.) Nominal; December 27.66 Nominal; Middlimj ;pot 34.95; October : Highest 32.78 at 10/4E with MUSIC COMPETITION. a.m.; Lowest 32.45 at 10/07 a.m. KAMALA KOTNIS, Authorised Capital Rs. Two Crores SULOCHANA CHATTERJI, In connection with the Independence NEW ORLEANS COTTON BABY TABUSSUM & AROON Issued & Subscribed Capital Rs. One Crore Day celebrations of the Sabha, there Fri , Sat , & Sun. 3 Shows at 3. 6-15 & 9-30 Rs. Fifty Lacs will be a Music Competition in Bharati NEW ORLEANS. Aug. 13 Othev days 2 Shows at 6-15 & 9-30 p.m Paid-Up Capital October 32 71/71: December 32.36/37; Marcl Rs. Eight • Lacs Songs, open to Gents and Ladies (non- 32.30/30; May 31.94/94; July 31.11 bid. 31.1; Full Rate for Children of all ages. Reserve & Other Funds professionals), on Sunday the 17th in- asked: Middling spot 34.45. stant, at 8 a.m.,' at P. S High School, SARASWATHI TALKIES Sir PADAMPAT SINGHAN1A, Kt. (Chairman). . Mylapore. Intending competitors will SETH RAMNATHA ANANDILAL PODAR, J.P., M.L.A. (Vice-Chairman) send their applications addressed to the From Saturday, 16-8-1947. S. L. KOTHARI, Esq., B.A., B.Com. (Lond), A.C.A., Chartered Secretaries, Mylai Sangeetha Sabha, ALL-INDIA WEATHER Accountant. Manager Brodies Road, before 5 p.m. on Saturday K I S M E T the 16th instant. The competitors are FORECAST (HINDU HEAD OFFICE: JAIPUR requested to send a programme consist- POONA. Aug. 14 with ing of nine songs, which should at least ASOK KUMAR & MUMTAZ SHANTI BRANCHES; Genera; Summary ! Rainfall mostly associ- Bombay: (Fort. Kalbadevi Road. Mandvi, Dana Bunder); Ahmedabad: include two national songs. Two silver ated with thunder has been widespread in Sat. & Sun 3 Shows at 3, 6-15 & 9-30 p.m. cups will be awarded to the winners West Central India, Malabar and Mysore and Other days: 2 Shows at 6-15 & 9-30 p.m (Gandhi Road, Maskati Market, Relief Road); Rajkot; Jamnagar; Jam as decided by the judges. local in Assam Bengal, the United Provinces, Full Rate for children 3 yean and above. Khambalia; Calcutta; Madras; Bangalore; Coimbatore; Tirupur; Delhi; East Rajputana, the Konkan and the Bombay Agra; Cawnpore; Bareilly: Bisalpur; Pilibhit; Jaipur: (Tnpolia Bazar. Deccan. Showers have also occurred at a few INDIAN INSTITUTE OF Jauhri Bazar, Chandpole Bazar); Gsngapur; Hindaun; Newai; Dausa; INDEPENDENCE DAY stations in Chota Nagpur. the East and North Sikar; Fatehpur; Nawalgarh; Jhunjhunu* Sn Madhopur; Kishangarn; Punjab. North Hyderabad. South-East Madras FINE ARTS, MADRAS. Naraina; Surajgarh; Jodhpur, Kuchman City; Sojat Road; bumerpur; CELEBRATIONS and the North Madras Coast IN AID OF THE INSTITUTE Udaipur: Bhilwara; Beawar; KherH FRI. 15-8-47 AT P. S HIGH SCHOOL Forecast (until the evening of August 15) : Sunday 17th August 1947, at 6-30 p.m. Rainfall will be widespread in Malabar, My- 5 p.m. FLAG HOISTING by Sangeetha sore, the Bombay Deccan, West Central India. st the Museum Theatre. Egmore. A Branch of the Bank will be opened at SOWCARPET Kalanidhf Tiger Varadachariar, East Rajputana and the West United Provinces SUPERB CLASSICAL BHARATA NATYAM. 5-30 p.m. ORIENTAL DANCES by Sjt and local in the Konkan, North-West Hydera- very shortly. bad, East Gujarat, the East United Provinces. Gopinath, Thangamani & party Bihar, Bengal and Assam. A few showers will SOW. REVATHI ALL KINDS OF BANKING BUSINESS INCLUDING FOREIGN DR ALAGAPPA CHETTIAR also occur ir. the East Punjab. East Central iStudent of the Institute) EXCHANGE TRANSACTED. Trained by Natyakala Visarada Chockkalingam WILL PRESIDE India, the North Central Provinces and South- a K> V0BAl East Madras Pillai MADRAS BRANCH! ."iS?,* Th« Hon'ble Mr Justice V THVAGARAJAN Heavy Rainfall Warning i Locally heavy Armenian Street. G.T. Agent. SATURDAY 16-8-'47 AT 5-30 p.m. rain is likely in North Malabar within the next presides. Maharajapuram, Papa & Palghat Raghu. 48 hours.—A.P.I. Bates i 10, 5, 3, 2 and Re. 1, ^ THE HINDU, FRIDAY, AUGUST 15, 1947.

USE iy Mr. Daniel Thomas, Minister for CELEBRATION IN Prohibition. WESTERN INDIAN m RECHLAB PRODUCTS. Mr. Daniel Thomas said that the In- MADRAS dian Christian community which had STATES "IRIS" INKS played a great part in the past in the Available in all colours ield of education, medicine and other Excellent fountain pen inks FLAGS HOISTED ALL OVER forms of public service in India, need ATTACHMENT SCHEME CITY not have any apprehension that its rights and privileges will be overlooked TERMINATED "SANDALIN" MADRAS, Aug. 15. in a Free India. If they proved them- ROLL FILMS A sandalwood oil ointment. Sove- Madras along with the rest of the selves to be a worthy community and REGIONAL COMMISSIONER reign specific for scabies and itches. country has put on a festive appearance tried to serve the other communities gxet definite aid to better photo- to celebrate the birth of a free India. they will always have an honoured APPOINTED graphy. These fine films are Write to: In the business areas of the City mer- place in India. In conclusion the Minis- chants vied with each other in decorat- NEW DELHI, Aug. 13. made by the makers of the. RESEARCH CHEMICAL ter appealed to them to work for the ing their premises for the Independence social justice, communal harmony and A communique issued by. the States world-famous Ensign cameras. LABORATORIES, Day. The finishing touches to these de- Department to-night announced the ter- corations were given last night and the peace of the country. mination of the four-year-old "attach- Thert is a grade for every oc- MYLAPORE, MADRAS 4. testing of the lighting arrangements gave ment scheme" affecting some 327 tahtkas casion, a size for every camera. , the public a foretaste of how the City CELEBRATIONS BY . and thanas in Gujerat and Kathiawar, would appear on Friday night. and new arrangements for their future mm» A drive around the City enabled a .HARIJANS idministration which include the ap- DIiTRJICHROME and JEWELLERY representative of THE HINDU to get a MADRAS, Aug. 15. lointment by the Dominion Government picture of the City in festive garb. of a Regional Commissioner with head- FINE GRAIN PANCHROMATIC Diamonds & Jewels: Independence Day was celebrated quarters at Rajkot. Full price thru' While the National Flag will be hoisted under the auspices of the Harijan Seyak to England by BASNET ENSIGN Ltd over Government buildings only early hi Sangh last evening at the Harijan Girls' In accordance with the gene.i.1 wishes T. B. TAWKER, the morning, Commercial houses in the Hostel, Egmore. Mr. V. Bashyam Iyengar if the attached units, the system of foh Dbtrlbuton: 1. C SMt £ Co. Ltd- 49, Ponnappa Chetty St., City had the flag hoisted over their unfurled the National Flag and explain- iuture administration will be the same Calcutta and Kadm. P.T., MADORAF " ~S *3. buildings by last evening. ed its significance to the children. He is it was before the attachment scheme Business places on Mount Road, in said that though freedom had been won :ame into operation, says the commu- Mambalam, in Mylapore and in Tripli- at last, a tremendous task lay ahead of nique. cane have all beejj. similarly decorated the nation and it was up to the people The attached units will retain such i ii iijiiciiif or and lighted. Muslim shop-keepers have of this country to make its future a ights ana powers which they enjoyed at PHOENIX SYNDICATE not lagged behind their Hindu brethren glorious one. that time and will cede all the resi- 0 III INDMM RETOBUC POORNA'S in celebrating the occasion. Traffic in Srimathi Subhadramma, and Messrs. duary powers to the Dominion Govern- (ENGINEERS) several parts of the City, particularly in Parthasarathi and S. R. Venkataraman ment, which will exercise them through the George Town area, had to move at also addressed the gathering. officers and authorities subordinate to it. ^ II f©ii lOill FROM BEZWADA & MADRAS GREETINGS snail's pace owing to the heavy rush of The following is the text of the com- sight-seers. The Police are having a diffi- munique: cult time to regulate and divert pedesr C. R'S MESSAGE The States Department have had under • TO ALL PATRIOTS AND CINE' trian and vehicular traffic. consideration for some time the ques- A very large gathering of citizens, as- tion of the future of the attached States Send their PATRONS ON THE INDIAN The enthusiasm of the occasion hss sembled in the Hindi Prachar Sabha taken hold of every man, woman and Compound last night, listened to the in Gujarat and Kathiawar. There are Hearty Greetings to their child. It is difficult to see even a single leaders over the radio. After the end of some 327 talukas and thanas which are *fHCO* RADIOS CRAM»HOMfS person without wearing a National Flag. affected by this scheme. On the lapse Patrons & well-wishers on our INDEPENDENCE the Radio programme, Mr. S. Rama- of Paramountcy on the commencement WATCHES tj RECORDS swami Naidu, Sheriff of Madras spoke of the Indian Independence Act, 1947, INDEPENDENCE DAY MINISTERS TO TAKE OATH on the significance of this occasion. Mr. 13011 10 Subramania Aiyar, the oldest resident of he scheme of attachment will terminate FIRST TIME TO ENTER SOOTH MWA W* ^ ^ DAY MADRAS, Aug. 14. Thyagarayanagar, unfurled the National and new arrangements have to be de- The Prime Minister and other Ministers Flag. vised. of the Madras Government will take the The Triplicane Independence Commit- The attachment scheme was introduced Oath of Allegance to India and the new tee' celebrated the function with torch ;n 1943 principally with .the object of ON THIS DAY OF Constitution at 9 a.m., to-morrow, at the integrating tHe States and of giving RUBBER STAMPS & COMMON Secretariat. light procession accompanied by music, these small scattered areas the bene^fits INDEPENDENCE H. E. the Governor will administer band, nagaswaram etc. of modern administration which only REMEMBER SEALS the oath. Mr. C. Rajagopalacharl had sent a association with a larger unit could pro- AT MODERATE RATES. message reading "Please convey to the vide. Under the terms of the scheme, the UNITED INDIA people of Triplicane that I am with attaching States were required to pro- N. LOGANATHAM A CO, CORPORATION PROGRAMME them in spirit though a thousand miles vide minimum standards of administra- COMMERCIAL CO., 165, BROADWAY, MADRAS. MADRAS, Aug. 14. away." tion including schools, medical relief, 'Phone No. 3083 The Cdmmissioner, Corporation of public health, roads and adequate police Carpet Manufacturers Madras, writes to say that the following RELEASE OF PRISONERS and judicial arrangements. 60, Thambu Chetty Street, programme has been finally settled in "SCHEME HAS FAILED" MADRAS 1. consultation with the Mayor. FROM TRICHY JAIL For the function at Ripon Buildings A review of the working of the attach- For your requirements in THE MADRAS at 10-20 a.m., it is likely that there will TRICHINOPOLY, Aug. 14. ment scheme, which has now been in ope- not be sufficient seating accommodation About 785 convicted prisoners have so ration for over four years, has proved INDIAN WOOLLEN LAUNDRIES LIMITED for all the officials of the Corporation. far been released from the Trichy Cen- ;hat the improvements in standards of They are requested to co-operate with tral Jail in accordance with the Madras administration expected from it bave not CARPETS Send Greetings the Officers of the Corporation by them- Government's decision to release certain been wholly realised. The attached States GOVERNMENT SILK WEAVING FACTORY, MYSORE categories of prisoners in connection have never been fully reconciled to the to all Indians on selves playing the host and receiving the guests and giving them preference. with the Independence Day celebrations. scheme. With few exceptions, the at- NOTICE India's Independence.Day. August 15—7 a.m.: All the children In Some more are likely to be released taching States have not found themselves the Corporation schools will meet in their before this evening. Of these, eighty able to spend large sums of money on JAI HIND respective schools; March through the were convicted for violating Prohibi- the attached units and there is a con- All fabrics made by the Mysore Silk Weaving Factory bear streets and assemble at the selected cen- tion laws. Two persons have been saved sensus of opinion among the attached tral school in each division before 7-43 from the gallows and their death sen- States that the scheme has proved a • a.m. The significance of the day will be your Managing Agents: explained by the senior Headmaster or tences were commuted to life imprison- failure. THE KARUR VYSYA Headmistress present; 8 a.m.: Unfurling of ment. Some of these released prisoners There are other non-salute jurisdic- this well-known MYSOREf||||l SILKS S*wtee M/s. ROW & COMPANY the National Flag by the Divisional Coun- have already left for their respective tionai States which are affected by the cillor or in his absence by some otaer places.—A.P.I. BANK LIMITED 120. ARMENIAN ST., MADRAS 1. gentleman. Message from the Hon'ble the attachment scheme. In their cases, the of quality, durability and good value. KARUR. Premier will be read by the H. M. of the policy of the States Department is that Central School; Distribution of Sweets, the powers which they enjoyed before During 2nd World War period the Factory has worked to the Interest* On this memoroble and unique Children to be dispersed peacefully from MR. K. ANANDAN NAMBIAR attachment will be restored to them and of India's-War efforts and our clients had to go short of supplies. Now the about 8-30 a.m. 9-30 a.m. to 10 a.m.: State they will be invited to accede to the fabrics, well known all over the world are available offering you at prices occasion of our Mother India Procession carrying the National Slag to RELEASED Ripon Buildings; 10 a.m.: Presentation of Dominion Government on the clear un- noted below. Due to the phenomenal demand for Georgette, there is a slight attaining Independent Status, the National Flag to the Worshipful Mayor (FROM OTJH CORRESPONDENT.) derstanding that they would exercise no delay in* executing orders from the Trade as well as our regular clients. ATREYA by the Hon'ble Mr. K. Chandramouli, Mi- more powers than they did immediately Fabrics are supplied in required lengths and shades. we heartily thank all our share- nister for Local Administration; 10-10 a.m.: TRICHINOPOLY, Aug. 14. before the attachment. • Please do not pay more to your dealer than the rates notified ptu« holders, depositors, constituents Arrival of Hon'ble the Prime Minister; Mr. K. Anandan Nambiar. President The new Scheme will come into force taxes, postage, etc. ' 10-15 ajn.: Hon'ble the Prime Minister"* of the South Indian Railway Workers' on August 15 and will apply to all the and others for their kind patro- AYURVEDIC WORKS, speech; 10-20 a.m.: Unfurling the National Union. Mr. Ismail Khan, President of (Regarding products of Mysore Silk Factory) Flag by Hon'ble the Prime Minister 10-25 the Golden Rock Branch of the Union attached units except those mentidhed in nage and wish them oil happi- TENNUR ROAD, a.m.: Vote of thanks by the Commissioner. the preceding paragraph. Necessary ad- HERE ARE SOME SELECTIONS: ' Evening; Flood-lighting of Ripon Buildings and Mr. P. Banu, Office Secretary of the ministrative machinery will be put in Kind Width Price per yard ness as citizens of FREE INDIA , * TRICHINOPOLY from 7 p.m., till midnight on the 15th. Union, detenus under the Public Safety train as soon as possible. But in the Rs. A. P. Flood-lighting will continue during the Act were released from the Trichy same hours on the 16th and 17th instant Central Jail this afternoon. meantime, every effort will be made to 1. Georgette or Crepe 45" 13 0 0 M. LaJuhmlnarayanan, B.A., B.U Tel.: "ATREYA" also. prevent any lawlessness or dislocation Allied Fancy Fabrics 45" 13 0 0 . Secretary & Manager. either in the administration or in the 45" 14 8 0 general economic life of the people. The 2. Satin Lumineaux Karur, 15th Aug. '47. CELEBRATION IN BOMBAY question of civil supplies and provision 3. Taffeta Ponge plain shirtings 36" 9 12 0 Equipped with Nursing Home. ARRANGEMENTS AT pt food and the maintenance of law and . -do- 45" 11 0 0 « BOMBAY, Aug. 14. 11 12 0 PORT TRUST The "Urbs Prima in Indes" where the order in the immediate future will be th< -do- Striped 28" first seed of the Indian Freedom move- primary concern of the Dominion Gov • 4. Silver Crepon iace lines warp-wise 45" ' 15 0 0 OUR SPECIALITIES MADRAS, Aug. 14. ernment M The Port Trust authorities are cele- ment was sown by the Indian Nationa 5. Georgette Piping gold lace border y4" 45 14 0 0 FOR WOMEN Congress at the Christmas of its firs Other matters arising out of this an- 6. Georgette or Crepe woven with 3" Body RevifaHier brating the Independence Day to-mor- session under the presidentship of Mr. nouncement will be settled by discussion row. The National Flag Will be hoisted A. O. Hume was en fete to-day, resplen- and negotiation between the officers of gold lace border sarees 45" 20 0 0 l.JEEVANI on the Harbour buildings and signal sta- the States Department on the one hand 7. Georgette skirt border woven with 3" tion by Mr. M. S. Venkatraman, Chair- dent • with illuminations and floodlights Stimulates elands, Best Tonic during pregtsawiy. piercing the clouds to usher in the new and the Chiefs and Talukdars on thi on one side and 6" on, the other gold man of the.Port Trust. ' era of liberation from foreign rule. other. lace border 45" 24 0 0 16 OZS....R*. 3 4 0 The premises of the harbour, and the The Member in charge of States hopes 8. Crepe-de-Chine check heavy quality i 1 Harbour Police Station will.be floodlit The nation's Tri-colour flag, which to (Frov»m ( Americ*»•»• B^Oa - wines D6Ws of A ttCVt the layman is little different from the that this scheme, which has been de- ribbon 1" $old lace solid border sarees 45" 17 12 0 medica.-..-dlcaljcompopnl >compoa d that can bring new' 2.SUSHAVEE 1 Cr2. and decorated with flags and festoons vised in the interests of all, will find iff* •nd'vlgourxo.youwho suffer fromi To-morrow the harbour premises will Congress flag, spangles the walls, arches ready acceptance on the part of th< 9. Georgette or Crepe College border 2" physical weakneafc'Ioa of vigour, Imporaf FOR use during the first ELE- be thrown open to the public. Simulta- and roofs of the tallest of Bombay's Chiefs and Talukdars concerned and tha gold lace sarees 45" 17 12 0 Wood.-aiwnta. and nerve weakness' VEN days after DELIVERY. neously as the national flag is hoisted famous buildings, among them the Sec- ' Thl» - new "medical compound caltedi retariat, the Council Hall, the High they will co-operate with the officers o 10. Silver Tissue woven with 3" gold lace «un>ld» is1 the formula of an American) Rs. 7 4 0 on the^juildings, the sirens in the har- the Dominion Government to ensure its tDoctor with 29 years experience and has1 bour, and the ships lying in the docks Court, the Municipal Buildings, the success and to bring good administra border sarees 45" 31 8 0 * these -four quick positive actions: l. Iti will be sounded. The ships will also be Clock Tower and the headquarters of tion to the people of these States who 11. Multi-colour printed sarees Georgette •tlmal&tes gland activity. 2. Builds rich.) 3. SOWBHAGYA RASAYAN "dressed". the two railways, either floodlit or taste- or Crepe 45" 16 0 0 -••A, vigourous blood. 3."Supplies calcium fully illuminated. The whole island have been living in a more or less Ceriitrorahealth*nenres. 4. Make*yom' A Restorative and Uterine Tonic To-morrow the Shore labour number- feudal condition.—A.P.I. -do- Ponge 45" • 14 0 0 fcpftr fe»r roongei. stronger, and enables' for Women after delivery. ing about 1,500 will be given a special appeared a blaze of lights from the air. 12. Gent's Kerchiefs woven 17" square Per Kerchief 2 80 M toenJortWreal pleacores of life. 24 Tolas ... Rs. 3 t 0 feast. The enthusiasm of Bombay's cosmopo- Buroitfa luwWovr-been made available litan population—Hindus, Muslims, Par- 13. Silk Ties , Per Tie 5 8 0 att chemists iswbls country, so you nee* The South Indian Film Chamber of Wot suffer another day from a weak, run- 4. PAYASYA , j. Commerce have arranged to film the sis Christians, Iranis, Jews and Anglo- CONVICTION OF down body -without the benefits of thl«, functions at the harbour. Indians—seemed unparalleled. The surg- wonderful, stimulating compound. Get General Tonic and GALACTO- H. M. I. S. "Krishna" of the Royal ing crowds literally measured every POLICEMAN •uroida from.your chemist today. Se« GOGUE. yard of the main thoroughfares, Md-feeMrow ttaickly your body responds1 Indian Navy arrived yesterday carrying JHUi nwjBergy. vitality and vlgonr. 24 Tolas ... Rs. 3-4-0 personnel who will take part in the glancing at the attractively decorated •eroW* talked by .a positive naran. March Past Parade on Island grounds emporiums, some of them displaying CHEATING CHARGE VICTORY & INDEPENDENCE ofSn»ney>back:otr return of emptr PACKING & POSTAGE EXTRA. to-morrow evening. electrical Tri-colours with revolving »~~-«o you liave-everything to sain wheels. UPHELD Independence achieved after World War II. '--to low-in trylna; Buroida. LEAGUE LEADER'S APPEAL The unending line of the people stood MADRAS, Aug. IS. Read this historic record collected from still for a minute as the sirens, the At the Madras High Court, Horwill and authorised sources, bound in one volume. MADRAS, Aug. 14. whistles of locomotives and mills sig- Satyanarayana Rao JJ, disposed of a cri- Mr. Mohamed Ismail, President, Mad- nalled the last minute before midnight, minal appeal confirming the conviction ras Provincial Muslim League, in a in eager expectation of the birth of a and sentence passed by.the Chief Presi- message of greetings to the people on new India. the occasion of the celebration of the In- dency Magistrate, Egmore, on E. K. dependence Day, says: This is the prou- Krishnan, ex-police constable attached HOLIDAY FOR POST OFFICES to the Traffic Department, for the offence dest and the happiest day not only In of cheating applicants for motor driving the life of the present generation but NEW DELHI. Aug. 14. licences. Tailoring also in the whole history of this ancient All post offices in India will observe and historic land. This has got a rare The prosecution case was that the ac- uniqueness about it in that it not only Friday, August 15, as postal holiday on cused, who was working in the Traffic AT ITS BEST restores indigenous rule to this vast account of Indian Independence Day.— Department, City Police, used to ap- country but also ushers in for the first A.P.I. proach persons desirous of obtaining time in its history the rule of the peo- licences for driving of cars and obtained HUGE STOCKS OF MOST UP-TO-DATE ple by the people themselves on which CALCUTTA EN FETE from each applicant Rs. 35 and that he glorious act the people have got a right procured licences without the necessity SUITINGS IN WOOLLEN. SILK, ETC. to congratulate themselves. Now the CALCUTTA, Aug. 14. of the applicant undergoing any test. He great day of freedom has dawned on Calcutta is beflagged and illuminated was doing this for a period of five months this yearning and long suffering mass of to-night in both Hindu and Muslim from December 1945 to April, 1946. He Prices to suit all pockets humanity of this land of ours, thereby areas on the.eve of Independence. Lorry was charged before the Magistrate with placing in their hands the elixir for loads of enthusiasts are moving about the offence of cheating on three counts It pays to shop curing their poverty, misery and wret- even late at night shouting national and The Magistrate found him guilty and chedness- It is now for us with our free- unity slogans. sentenced him on each count to undergo dom in our hands to march forward to rigorous imprisonment for one year, the AT prosperity, equality, fraternity and hap- sentences to run concurrently. The ac- IHIA piness and through them to the peace DAY OF PRAYER AND cused was also ordered to pay a fine of and happiness of the world. May the Rs. 100 on each count. Against his con- 131 Almighty be with us and guide us in our FASTING viction* the accused preferred the pre- onward march! S. A. KARIM KHAN -•- sent appeal. When it came on for "hearing MAHATMA GANDHI'S before Mr. Justice Rajamannar, in the MINISTERS' ADVICE first instance, His Lordship referred it kVORLL Cantonment Tailoring House SUGGESTION to a Bench on a question of law. His Lordship in his reference stated that the BY (22, COMMERCIAL STREET, « BANGALORE, TO SCOUTS CALCUTTA, Aug. 14. facts alleged in the proseeution would P., LIP, MADRAS, Aug. 15. To-morrow was the appointed day of be deception. The explanation to the «i; .fPM MiLLEf Unfurling the National Flag last deliverence from the foreign yoke and section dealing with the offence of cheat- With „ t Board of Hlsio Military evening at the headquarters of the it was, therefore, a great day which they ing declared that dishonest concealment Hindustan Scout Association, Mylapore, were bound to celebrate, said Mahatma of facts was deception. But the accused ^^ AuthoritU Mr. H. Sitharama Reddi, Minister for Gandhi, addressing his prayer meeting in this case did something more, viz., he Industries, said that at this hour o. this evening. It was the day when both made false representations knowing them the Dominions were to shoulder their triumph our thoughts should go to- heavy burdens. He invited everyone to to be false. It could not be said that the wards those martyrs who were no have a 24-hour fast and prayer that day officers in the Department were de- with us now but who by. their unstinted for the well-being of India, and pass it frauded. The question was whether it sacrifices had brought freedom to this spinning as much as possible. It was could be said that the accused was guilty country. hand-spinning that knit the poor and of cheating. He might be guilty of for- Mr. K, Madhava Menon, Minister foi the rich together and gave occupation gerv or of making false reDresentation Trade Agriculture, exhorted the scouts to re to countless men and women who were Their Lordships held that the act of main true to their motto of love and without occupation. the accused in procuring the licence in opportunities service. Messrs. K. A. Nachiappa Goun A packed audience was present which the way he had done was a fraud and dar, V. S. Rathnasabapathy and T. V.' listened to Mahatma Gandhi withou' that the offence amounted to cheating. Nilakantham also addressed the scouts. the slightest disturbance. In the end, the conviction and sentence Girl Guides of the Association sang a were confirmed. number of songs composed by Poet Mr. B. T. Simdararajan appeared for 'AVSTRAUA, NEW ZEALAND mid FIJI are developing Bharathi. COMMISSIONER OF CIVIL the accused. Mr. A. S. Sivakaminathpn, Assistant Public Prosecutor for the '",'. K.;: . itlostratlenf. end consolidating trade mih India and CeyMt. CHRISTIANS' DEDICATION SUPPLIES Crown. MADRAS, Aug. 14. 'A*k your bank to enquire about trade opportunities ht SERVICE Mr. C. K. Vijayaraghavan, I.C.S. MADSAS, Aug. 15. Second Member of the Board of Rev INTERIM RELIEF FOR GOVT. these countries through-— The Christian Government servants enue, will be the Commissioner of Civi celebrated the inauguration of the In- Supplies, vice Mr. C. H. Mastermsn, SERVANTS IN MYSORE dependence last evening, at the Memo- proceeding on . leave preparatory tc BANGALORE, Aug. 14. rial Hall, Park Town, when' there was retirement. As a measure of immediate relief to BANK OF NEW SOUTH WALES a special Divine Service of dedication. Mr. V. N. Kudva, Third Member, the Non-Gazetted Government servants, HKSI AMD LARGEST COMMERCIAL SANK IN THE SOUTH-WEST PACIFIC AREA There was a laipge gathering includ- will be Commissioner of Excise. including railway employees, Mysore ing Dr. P. V. Cherian, Messrs. W. R. S. Government have sanctioned one month's Sifnfrf ~ bfoMfdtaf 1tn. Awgatt *»U tiftd EUSmOOO Satyanathan, P. C. Mathews, John Sun- Lady Agnes Anne Colville, wife of Sir pay as advance as on August 1. 1947. der Sao, R. D. Paul. John Colville, Governor of Bombay, was British and fomlgn Department, Sydnty, Australia appointed to the Imperial Order of thi subject to this advance being set off Hm Rev. R. L. Watson conducted the ser- Crown of India last Friday by announce against a lump sum that may become • . . Incorporated in New South Wales with limited liability. vice. ment in the London Gazette, states a Lon- payable to them, in view of the retros- The meeting which was convened by don message dated August 12. No details pective effect to be given in the propos- I-WBS Mr. Rajah J. Swamidoss was addressed were given. ed revised scales of pay.—F.O.C _ THE HINDU. FRIDAY, AUGUST IS, 1947.

M. & S. M. RLY. MADRAS CITY NEWS PROCUREMENT OF NOTICE. INDIA'S STERLING -•" NEHRU AUTOBIOGRAPHY With effect from the 20th August 1947, FOODGRAINS (TOWARD FREEDOM) No. 454 Mixed Train from Donakonda to MADRAS (Meenambakkam). Aug. 14 PEACE & PROSPERITY Bezwada will STOP at Tadepalli for BALANCES Thursday's Max. Temperature .. 90.6 •—;— American Edn. Illustrated 2 minutes only, on days, when goods Min. ,, ,. 59.0 TO BOTH DOMINIONS Price Rs. 22-8-0. vehicles are not attached to it and leave PERSONAL STEPS TO HASTEN at 21-40 hours instead of 22-00 hours, as On their first day of Independence for ever at present. TERMS OF INTERIM MADRAS. August u. DELIVERIES Dr T, S S R«jan. Minister for Food, MADRAS. Aug 14 ASSOCIATED BOOKSELLERS, AGREEMENT nrr.ved In Madras this morning from The Ministers, at an informal meet- Salem 119, Church Read, M. &S. M. RAILWAY. Mr. P- Govindan Nair, I.C.S. Private ing this afternoon considered the food FEROZEPORE CANTT. • Secretary to H. E. the Governor, arrived^ situation with particular reference to FAZALBHOY LIMITED NOTICE. OVER £65 MILLION in Madras thi? morning from Ootacamund the measures to be taken to intensify Mr. M. B. Chablani Director of the City procurement of rice in the surplus areas. RELEASED Improvement Trust, left Madras this A statement issued by; the Minister Bombay, Calcutta Madras Lahore, Karachi and New Delhi Opening of a Town Booking Office morning by air for Bombav for Information Mr. H. Sitarama Reddi. near Pondy Bozoar in Mr P. A. F Cory. Chief "Operating Su- LONDON, Aug. 14. perintendent. M & S M. Railway, return- immediately after the meeting, says: "IN THE SERVICE OF INDIA & PAKISTAN", Thyagarayanagar, Madras. Britain's agreement with lnuia on ed to Madras this morning from tour "The Government have already de- India's sterling balances provides that Mr. R. J. J Perry. Chief Commercial cided to pay a bonus of eight annas per A Town Booking Office wfll be opened the Indian Reserve Bank's sterling as- Manager, M. & S M Railway, arrived maund for all supplies of paddy after on the 16th August, 1947 at No. 83, sets of £1,160,000,000 will be trai.sfer- in Madras this morning from Bangalore November 1, 1946 This will be paid in Thyagaraja Roaa. Thyagarayanagar, reci to a "number two account" at the • MADRAS. Aug 15 cash immediately to all those who sur- Madras, for issue of tickets to pass- Bank of Engian.0, it was announced to- Sir S V. Ramamurti arrived in Mad- render their surplus from August 15. aay. cables neuter t Financial Editor in ras last night from Bombay. 1947 to October 1. 1947. as also for the engers and for the cooking of goods and Mr. Justice J A Bell arrived in Madras parcels in local and through booking. London. paddy supplied by them earlier from Ol these assets £35.000.000 will be last night from England from leave November 1, 1946, In the case of al! Make yourself merrier on this The rates for the conveyance of goods released, plus £30,000,000 for a working those who have no surplus paddy to Memorable Day of our and parcels from this new office to Salt balance. TO-DAY'S ENGAGEMENTS surrender, the cash bonus will be paid Cotaurs and Madras (Central) will be T K K N Vaisya Charities 586. Py-to them In the usual course." MOTHERLAND INDIA! Other releases included pensions pay- crofts Road: Sri Madduri Gangadhara FREE INDIA as shown below : — able by the Government ol India, pend- Sastrl discourses on "Sn Mahabarata". ing their capitalisation Madhurajfeethavani GOODS 9-3C p.m. NEHRU'S JAIL TICKET FOR Per maund ,or fraction of a maund Otner poims in ;ne agreement are: Discourse on "Sugrlva" by Kumhako- Needs numbers of highly educated young men SRIMATHI India car. aravv or. the sterling balances konam T N. Raghunatha Bagavathar at ALLAHABAD MUSEUM As. 0-7-3. to pay for voluntary repatriations of 18. Krishnapp« Naieken Agraharam, 8 p.m. ALLAHABAD, Aug. 12. Minimum charge per consignment Bntish-ownec assets. Srt Bagavat Vishaya Kalakshepa Sabha: Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, who was on As. 9. India will not restrict remittances of Discourse on "Sri Ramayanam—Sita-Rama a short visit to Allahabad, presented to- QUALIFY YOURSELF PARCELS savings owned by Britons coming home Samvadam" by Sri Mahamahopadyaya Ko- from India. davasal Narasimhachariar at the rear of day to the Director of the Allahabad. LET US HELP YOU. Upto 240 lbs or 3 maund? As, 5. - The agreement covers the period from the Co-operative Society Hall Oosman Museum, the jail ticket issued to him Road T'Nagar. 6-30 p.m during his first incarceration in the i For every additional 100 lbs or part July 15 to December 3i. struggle for independence A section of thereof" As 5. It embraces the whole of India as it Sri Rama Bhaktha Jana Sabha. Han- exists to-day and thus covers ooth katha Kalakshepam on "Sasikala Swayam- the museum is housing a iarge number The hours of business will be as Dominions as they will exist to-morrow. varam" by Brahtnasri T S Balakrishna of caskets, garlands, ere. in gold and under :— Sastri at Veerappan Street. G T.. 9 p.m silver received by Mr. Nehru in the THE SUBRAHMANYAM EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTE Authoritative comment in London on Upantshad Ashramam Discourse on course of his several tours both within BOOKING OF TICKETS : 8 to 17the agreement disclosed that India, like "Yoga Vasishtam" bv Sri Krishnamurti Chinradnpet High School Buildings, hours on all days, Iraq, will remain in the Sterling area Sastrigal, 7 am.: discourse on "Sara the country and overseas.—FO.C. Sangraham" by Srt K Balasubrahmania MADRAS. BOOKING of PARCELS & GOODS: The release of £65.000.000 plus fur- Sastriga! 7-30 pm 8 to 17 hours on week days only. ther amounts for pensions ana certain other purposes are large m relation to BOOKING RESUMED TO i—— ii""' ' ' • ' •••'•• ...i--M p—m Britain's limited resources but leave TO-MORROW'S ENGAGEMENTS PONDICHERRY only a narrow margin for India's essen- Jagar.natha Baktha Sabha. Egmore: Free ?*^#-#'#^*^»^^#^»#s»»' *#s»«sfv»***d SOUTH INDIAN RAILWAY tial imports. Upanyasam by Sriman Srirangam Sada- MADRAS, Aug 15 f Since the sterling balances comprise gopachariar on "Sri Ramayanam—Kishkin- Information has been received that Name Of works Loading and unloading of almost the whole of India's foreign re- thakandsm" at Sri Saketha Nilayam. Cliin- the South Indian Railway authorities sources Britain had to provide a work- na Reddi Street, 5-20 p.m have resumed booking of passengers permanent way materials in connection Ilaignrr Nallara Manrrm: Lecture by Mr between Villupuram and Pondicheriy with relaying the existing "5 lbs. D H ing balance The unreleased balance V R Damodaram on "Adult Education" N. C. VasanthaMilam will not be. formally frozen. 35. Venkatesa Bhaktha Street. Perumalpel station last evening which has been sus- Revised Prices of the products rails on C. 1. pots with 90 lbs. RFB rails Since it is wholly owned by the Re- 6 n m pended for the past three days due to will be on the Air between 6-45 on S. T. sleepers between mi'.es E.258, serve Bank of India its working can be Discourse on Srt Bagavath Gita by Vid- the accident to a passenger train | of the Govt. Soap Factory p.ttl. and 7-15 ^D.m. Tune in your 17% and E.268/17% (10 miles" between arranged between that Bank and the wan Karpangadu Venkatachariar Swaml at Mr. C-. W. Scriven, Senior Govern-, Karur and Noyal stations—Erode Bank of England. Unlike the cases of the Ramakrishna Mission Girls' School, ment Inspector of Railways, has conclu- BANGALORE Radio and listen to her broadcast Thyagarayanagar, 6-30 p.m. ded his enquiry held in connection with of heavenly music. Branch—Podanur District. Egypt and Iraq, the British Treasury Yogasana Alaya: Discourse on "Sarana- is thus issuing no freezing order. Also gathi" by Mr. R. Chakrapani lyengar. a! the accident to the passenger train. unlike Egypt and Iraq, the sterling ba- Sri Nageswari Ambal Devasthanam. (1) Sandal, Jasmine 6 Lavender Soap .. 0- 9-0 per cake Inserted by : Sealed Tenders for the work will be re- lances of Indian banks are unaffected. Singanna Chetti Street, Chintadripet. 6-30 (2) Jasmine Bath tablet 1- 2-0 per cake ceved by the District Engineer, South The two countries came nearer than p.m. PITHAPURAM MAHARAJA Indian Railway at Podanut upto 12 Noon City Youth's Union. Choolal: Mr. Gopala- (3) Sandal & Lavender Both tablet .. 1 - 3-0 per cake HIS MASTER'S VOICE on 27th August 1947 and will be opened was thought possible to make a five- krishnan speaks on "Labourers and Capi- RENOUNCES TITLE by him or his representative st his office year • agreement instead of this very talists" at the Corporation Boys' School. (4) Special Sandal Soap ., 1-11-0 per cake co S9th August, 1947. short-term arrangement. They did not Avadanam Papier Road. Choolai. 6-30 p.m. MADRAS, Aug. 14. .. 0- 4-6 per cake quite manage it because it is naturally The Literary Club. Egmore: Meeting at The Maharaja of Pithapuram has sent (5) Guest tablets (big) Sri. N. C. Vasanthakokilam Tender forms can be had from the Dis-too early for the two new Dominions to Sir M. Ct. Muthiah Chettiar High School a letter to H. E. the Governor relinquish- (6) Guest tablets (Med.) .. 0- 2-3 per cake trict Engineer at Rs. 5 per copy (extra decide their future policy regarding premises. Purasawaikam: Mr. S M Fossi! ing the titles of Maharaja and C. B. E Records exclusively for H.M.V. copy if available at Re.l each) whicn sterling. speaks on "The political Future of India" conferred upon him. Our patrons are kindly requested not to pay more than amount will not be refunded under any 5-30 p.m. circumstances. Plans. specifications etc.. It is believed in any case that it would T.K.K.N. Vaisya Charities. 586. Pvcrofts' the above official prices. Instances where a merchant demands can be seen at his office between 11 a.m. be technically impossible to partition Road' Discourse on "Sri Mahabaratha" by WEP—THE LATEST SCIENTIFIC more than the above prices may kindly be brought to the and 3-30 p.m. on all working days ex- this particular subject before the year Sri Madduri Gangadhra Sastri. 9-30 p.m. DISCOVERY Advertise in cept Saturdays. ends. Discourse on "Aneulivaka Pradanam". by notice of the undersigned. The agreement was made with all ter-Kumbakonam T. N. Raghunatha Bagava- For the treatment of Parasitic skin M. NAGESA RAO, . "PUTHUYIR" Each Under should be accompanied by a i-itones under the Government of India. thar at IB, Krishnappa Naicken Agraharam. diseases such as " Athlete's foot " money order receipt or a cash receipt from Ag. General Manager, (A Modern Tamil News Bi-weekly) The two Dominions of India and Paki- 8 p.m. Ringworm, etc. the Railway Administration's Financial stan will thus inherit it. Sri Gita Sravana Baktha Sabha: Sri WILFRED PEREIRA LIMITED, GOVERNMENT SOAP FACTORY, Apply: Adviser and Chief Accounts Officer at Tri- Vaduvur Ranganathachariar discourses on BANGALORE. Post BDX No. 1456, chinopoly or a receipt from the Reserve INDIA'S FOOD IMPORTS the Ramayana at A. R. C. Secondary Qunfiflpd Chemists. Bank of India Madras' or from the Impe- School. G. T., 6-30 p.m. MADRAS AND BRANCHES. MADRAS 18. rial Bank of India or anyone of its branch- The negotiators were particularly Mylai Sangeetha Sabha: Music. Maha- es at places other than Madras for an earn- concerned to assure India's food supply. rajaouram Viswanatha Aiyar (vocal>, Papa es' deposit of Rs. 500 The finai date for It is realised that even this may be. a Venkataramiah (violin), Master T. K. Mur- the acceptance of deposit will be 22r,d tight squeeze and that there will be thv (mridangam). August 1947 and deposit? paid after this little margin for luxuries or general Sri Thyagaraja Sangeetha Vidwat Sama- I To interpret and present date will not be accepted by the Railway consumer goods from the dollar area. .iam: Music by Srimati R. Jayalakshmi— I the newly won freedom Administration The particular difficulty before the Veen.* Edward .(•Elliot's Road, Mylapore. negotiators was the high prices for food 6 p.m. which India has to pay to the Western Hemisphere countries. Some criticism is expected here of the MADURA CONSPIRACY REPUBLIC Mrs. Vijayalakshmi Pandit arrangement' whereby India can draw CASE VISIT COCHIN on her sterling balance for pensions English Weekly (LIFE SKETCH) payments since these are a revenue item commences publication By Sri. M. S. SUBRAMANIA IYER whereas the sterling balances are capi- RAMAMURTHl AND 11 Rs. 3 tal. But this arrangement anticipated the with an inaugural Num- eventual capitalisation of these pensions OTHERS DISCHARGED ber of 160 pages priced at MANGALA NOOLAGAM which both Governments have contem- MADURA, Aug. 14. Re. 1-4 per copy shortly. NUNGAMBAKKAM, MADRAS. plated for some time. Mr. K. Hashim, Special Magistrate The general channel of the negotia- passed orders this evening in the tions and their very friendly character Madura Conspiracy Case, discharging Messages and Articles from: indicated that the two new Dominions, twelve accused and committing the rest JAWAHARLAL NEHRU, r###/#» in their own interest, are likely to want to Madura Sessions, to take their trial DR. SHARIR, to maintain close financial contacts with for offence under Section 120-B of the MRS. PANDIT, EVERREADY INK Britain for several years. Indian Penal,Code. The Magistrate held >m-kr SYED HOSSAIN The interest earned on the unreleased that there was no case against the fol- FOR balance will be substantially the same as lowing accused and dircharged them and other distinguished before—because the Indian authorities under Section 209 (1). Criminal Proce- Writers appear iH the In- Colours intend to keep It invested in much the dure Code: Messrs. P. Ramamurthi, N. augural Number. Quality same form as now. Sankaria, S. Krishnaswami, M. S. S Releases for repatriations are confin- Mani K T. K. Thangamani. S. Sethu- Annual subscription Rs. 14. Dependability ed to "voluntary" repatriations. This raman, R. V. Siddha. R. K. Chandulal. and means that if Indian buyers reach an Nagu. Natarajan, Eamathirtha and Uniformity. agreement with British owners of as- Manavalan. COCHIN is the First State in India to have sets in India the purchase price can be Mr. Ramathirtha. accused 23. though All other details from: drawn form India's sterling balance. discharged in this case, is undergoing his Responsible Government. But there has been no question of the term for another conviction. Stock Depot: British Government requisitioning Bri- Against the remaining seventeen ac- REPUBLIC tish owned assets in India for compul- cused, the Magistrate framed charges COCHIN is one of*the first States to join the 12, Thambu Chetty St., Madras 1. I C. N. SUBRAMANIAM & CO. sory repatriations against the sterling and committed them to Sessions, after balance.—Reuter. recording that they will be filing a list 11. BUNDER ST., MADRAS. of defence witnesses. Constituent Assembly. ^#*»»»»»»#d The Magistrate, in the course of his INDIA GOVERNMENTS order said that while there was no ANNOUNCEMENT doubt that there was a conspiracy, there was no evidence that the Communist Why? His Highness the Maharaja of Cochin announced at the Aikya Kerala Conven- NEW DELHI, Aug. 14. Party, as such engineered or indulged INDIAN COFFEE BOARD. , The conclusion of the interim sterling in acts of violence. tion that "no wofcd or act of mine shall usher in a day when a Cochinite finds that he balance settlement between India and A huge gathering of people including the United Kingdom, covering the period men and women workers, had gathered has lost the right to call himself an Indian.. .Let us remain an integral part of India, NOTICE to the end of the year is announced in in front of the District Jail, where the a Press communique, issued to-day Magistrate passed orders.—FO.C. gaining strength from India's strength and in return giving her all the strength which Arrangements are now complete for the supply of coffee to retailers, The communique states: '"The Gov- small roasters, local consumers and local coffee hotels. Dealers should ernment of the United Kingdom a homogeneous and strong unit could give." apply as indicated below:— and the Government of India have HYDERABAD PREMIER To whom application should to-day (August 14. 1947) concluded an Retailers and Roasters In the interim agreement, to cover the period districts of: be made. upto the end of 1947. relating to India's _» Vijagapatam, Kistna, East Goda-vari, 1 The Hunsur Works, HUNSUR. sterling balances. The agreement is of West Godavari Guntur. Nellore, f an interim nature, and without preiu- REPORT OF RESIGNATION VISIT COCHIN I Tanjore and Trichinopoly. j dice to further discussions for a settle- DENIED I Bellary, Cuddapah, Anantapur, Kur- 1 ment of India's sterling balances" COCHIN HAS A VARIETY OF splendid scenery, pleasing landscapes, well laic! i nool Tumkur, Chitaldrug. Hassan, I The Assistant Coffee Marketing HYDERABAD (Resy). Aug. 14. Officer. CHIKMAGALUR. The report that the Nawab of Chattari out parks and gardens and many miles of backwaters alive at all times with picturesque ' Kadur, Shimoga. Kolar and Hvde- f has resigned the Premiership of Hyde- rabad State. * j MAINTENANCE OF bad is denied officially here One official crafts of all kinds—from the primitive VALLAMS pushed along by long bamboo poles I Coimbatore. Nilgiris. Salem, Mala- I The Assistant Coffee Marketing ORDER spokesman stated: "There is not an iota to the most modern launches driven by steam or motor —and fringed on both sides by | bar and Cochin State. J Officer, COIMBATOKE. of truth in that report" evergreen groves of waving coconut palms. These constitute a sight that is as rare as | Madura, Tinnevelly and Ramnad. "j The Assistant Coffee Marketing ORDINANCE ISSUED BY SIR W. MONCKTON RESIGNS Officer, BATLAGUNDU. it is refreshing. i Madras, Chingleput. North Arcot. ' ASSAM GOVT. FROM COMMITTEE j South Arcot, Mysore, Mandya and The Chamundi Curing Works, Sir Walter Monckton, Constitutional COCHIN has a first rate Harbour—THE QUEEN. OF THE ARABIAN SEAS— l Bangalore. Vanivilasa Mohalla P.O., MYSORE. SHILLONG. Aug. 13. Adviser to the Nizam, has resigned his The Governor of Assam to-day pro- membership of the Hyderabad Negotiat- a romance of marine engineering. 2. The works and officers mentioned in column (2) will supply only mulgated an Ordinance to "make belter to retailers and roasters In the districts allotted to them. ing Committee, but will continue as provision for the suppression of dis- Constitutional Adviser to His Exalted From the point of view of their structural beauty, the ancient temples and chur- 3. The following is the schedule of prices:— orders and for the restoration ar.d main- Highness tenance of public order" in the dis- ches in the State stand in a class by themselves. No tourist to Cochin ever misses to To Retailers A To Local Coffee turbed areas of Assam. Th; Ordnance visit the world-renowned, ancient and historical Jewish Synagogue at Mattancheri. One Roasters. Hotels £ Local which extends to the whole of Assam, COMMISSIONER OF POLICE Consumers. comes into force at once.—A.P I. MADRAS- Aug 14 of the oldest mosques in India is at Cranganur, the ancient sea-port of Cochin. (1) (« (3) Mr. A V. Patro. who has been posted (Price per cwt. exbags ex depot) as Commissioner of Police, Madras City, COCHIN Forest Tramway is a magnificent engineering achievement, the only Plantation A Rs. 129-8 RS. 140-0 MINISTERS APPOINTED tcok charge of the office to-day from .. B Rs. 127-0 Rs. 137-8 IN PUDUKOTTAH Mr S W. Wright, who has been re- tramway of its kind in India. C & T RS. 122-0 Rs. 132-8 leased from service PB Rs. 143-8 RS. 154-0 (FROM OUF CORRESPONDENT.) Mr. C. V. Arunagin Mudaliar took COCHIN wood carvings have got a name and a fame for their design and beauty. Arabica Cherry Flats RS. 108-8 RS. 119-0 PUDUKOTTAH, Aug. 13. charge to-day as Assistant Commis- '• i** PB RS. 122-8 RS 133-0 Following the Council's decision elect- sioner of Police (Crime Branch) Madras Possessed of a histo- Robusta Cherry Flats Rs. 87-8 RS. 98-0 ing two popular Ministers at its session City. n .11 PB RS. 101-8 • RS. 112-0 on August 10. H. H. the Raja of Pudu- rical background, re- 4. The maximum quantity of coffee that will be sold to retailers and kottah has been pleased to appoint, with EXODUS FROM DACCA plete with romance roasters would be two bags a month, to local coffee hotels one bag and effect from August 15. Messrs V Shan- to local consumers 14 lbs. a month, for the present. mugam Chettiar and V. Balakrishna DACCA. Aug. 14. and adventure, and Servaigarar as Ministers. An exodus of minority communities 5. Arrangements will, if necessary, be made to rail coffee by goods They will hold office at the pleasure is going on for the past few days. In of a distinctive cul- train to retailers and small roasters at Rs. 7-4 per cwt. less than the maxi- of the Raja, and their term will ordi- view of the rush of passengers, the mum retail rates for each type and grade of coffee. F.O.R. buyer's desti- narily be co-terminous with the life of joint steamer companies had to run a ture and civilisation, nation, including bags. The maximum rates are shown in column (3) of the Council from which they have been special steamer from Narainganj- to COCHIN has several the schedule of prices in para 3 above. elected and they will continue in offic« Goalundo and a specially chartered 6. The type and grade of coffee required should be mentioned clear- till the dissolution of the present Coun- plane made four flights from Dacca to fascinating features ly in the indents. Dealers are advised to mention alternative types and cil and a new Council is formed Calcutta and back to-day. grades also which can be accepted in the event of the depots concerned The post of Second Councillor is abo- Mr. Surendra Mohan Ghosh. Presi that mark it out from being unable to book orders for the exact type and grade applied f.r. lished from Aueust 15 and the Execu- dent of the Bengal Provincial Congress the rest of India. The 7. Payment: Coffee will be delivered or railed only on receipt of the tive Council will consist of the Dewan, Committee, and other leaders arrived fulL value in cash. Cheques will not be accepted; but Demand Drafts a Councillor and the two elected Minis- here this morning by plane.—A.P.I. essential charm of payable to the Works or Officers mentioned in column 2 para 1 on the ters. Cochin lies neither imperial Bank, Central Bank. Bank of Mysore or the Indian Bank situat- ed in the following places will be accepted. SIR ARCHIBALD NYE in her modernity nor FORWARD BLOC LEADER MADRAS. Aug. 14. For supplies from i Draft on a SENTENCED H. E Sir Archibald Nye. Governor of in her antiquity but Bank at: Madras and Lady Nye arrived in Mad- in the harmonious Hunsur and Mysore Depots — Mysore BOMBAY. Aug. 13. ras to-day by air from Ootacamund. Chikmagalur Depot — Chikmagalur Mr. Sheelbhadra Yajee, General merging of the past Batlagndu (Pattiveeranpatti Depot) — Madura Secretary of the All-India Forward Bloc. MR. O. P. RAMASWAM1 REDD1AR into the present. Coimbatore (Mettupalayam Depot) — Coimbatore was sentenced to four months' rigo >us MADRAS, Aug 15. imprisonment by a Presidency Magis- The Prime Minister, Mr. O. P Rama- Bangalore, \ M. V. VELLOOI, trate of Bombay for defying the ban on swami Reddiar. will visit Tiruvannamalai Dated August 12. 1947. f Chief Coffee Marketing Officer. public meetings when he presided ever on August 16 and return to Madras the a meeting held in February last to next day. He leaves for Delhi on the observe the R. I. N. Mutiny Day.—A.P.I. morning of August 18. 5 THE HINDU, FRIDAY, AUGUST 15, 1947. NOTICE The responsible leaders have INTERNATIONAL shown a praiseworthy desire to INAUGURATION Our Office will be closed on Friday, conciliate the minorities and to RIGHTS August 15, on account of INDE- FREE INDIA IS BORN PENDENCE DAY. Consequently, reassure them. But so long as OF PAKISTAN there will be no issue of THE HINDU Lahore, Calcutta, and other big INDIAN DOMINION'S bearing the date Saturday, August cities remain in the grip of madmen STATUS 16, 1947. drunk with blood and the civil MOUNTBATTEN'S MANAGER, power stands helpless in the face ORDER-IN-COUNC1L ISSUED ADDRESS " The Hindu ". UNION CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY; of organised murder and loot, it NEW DELHI, August. 14. is idle to expect the minority com- The Dominion of India will be sole- CALENDAR FOR AUGUST munities to be satisfied with verbal ASSUMES POWER ly entitled to all the international KING'S GOOD assurances however ample. From rights to which India was entitled. SUN MOON Moreover the Dominion of India will WISHES Rise Set Rise Set to-day the responsibility for end- continue to be a member of inter- KARACHI, Aug. 14. rriday is 5 57 18 30 4 28 17 46 ing this disgraceful state of affairs Amidst unprecedented scenes of Sctunuy 16 5 57 18 30 5 34 18 41 national organisations of which India splendour and colour in this festive capi- Sunday W t SI 18 29 • S7 IS 31 is solely ours. Neither the Govern- was a member and the Dominion of tal city of the new Dominion, the Vice- MQIHjsy 18 5 57 18 29 7 37 SO 16 5 57 18 28 8 3S 20 M ment of India nor that of Pakistan Pakistan will take such steps as may roy, Lord Louis Mountbatten, addressed Tuesday 19 be necessary to apply for member- Wednesday 20 5 57 18 28 9 26 21 39 must overlook the fact that our MEMBERS TAKE PLEDGE OF. tins morning the Constituent Assembly Thursday 21 S 57 18 27 10 19 tl JO ship of international organisations. of Pakistan—a Dominion, fifth largest new-won freedom is itself gravely in the world with seventy million in- PHASES OF THE MOON This Is the substance of the Indian habitants— on the eve of its attaining Friday August 15 Perigee 13 30 menaced by this chronic lawless- Independence (International Arrange- complete freedom. Saturday August 16 New Moon 16 42 ness. Every effort should, of course, SERVICE TO COUNTRY, ments) Order, issued by the Viceroy be made to rally the vast majority to-day. With numerous jewelled war decora- WEATHER IN SOUTH INDIA The order is to have the force of an tions and orders glittering under the of peaceable citizens in support of agreement between the two Domi- flashlights. Lord Louis Mountbatten who MADRAS. Aug. 14. wag in fljs Admiral's uniform, delivered Regional dally weather report lor Mad- law and order. But the long arm of nions of India and Pakistan A.P.I. his historic speech lasting fifteen r»s Presidency, Mysore and Madras States: the law should be not less ready to minutes in a dignified and measured tone Rainfall was widespread In South Kerala RAJEN BABU'S ASSURANCE Fairly widespread thunder-showers occur- collar and swift to punish the mal^ NEW GOVERNOR to a full House with galleries packed red in North Kerala, South Kanara, Mysore factors however deeply they might with high personages, diplomats, world and Tamilnad, while isolated shower* have OF U. P. Pressmen and prominent citizens. occurred in Andhradesa. be entrenched. TO MINORITIES Qaid-e-Azam Mohamed Ali Jinnah, The chief amounts of rainfall are: Cochin s ent ol tl)e 15" and Alleppey 1.2". f" }2 Constituent Assembly Forecast valid until the evening of We have won freedom, And the The new Dominion of India was born on the stroke of mid-night on Thursday when the MRS. NAIDU ARRIVES led the Viceroy on his arrival to the ltirone. placed along with his Presiden- August 15: Widespread rain will continue first thing our people must learn is 1 hair His along and near the West Coast. Fairly Constituent Assembly, at its historic session, assumed power for the governance of the country IN LUCKNOW A . ? - Excellency Sir Claude widespread thunder-showers will also oc- that it is no picnic. They will have and signified its approval of the choice of Lord Louis Mountbatten as the first Governor-General Auchmleck, Commander-in-Chief of cur in Mysore and Tamilnad with isolated to gird their loins and work as LUCKNOW, Aug. 14. India, the Hon. Pamela Mountbatten and thowers in the rest of u>e region. of the Dominion. Mrs. Sarojini Naidu, Interim Govei- Begum Liaqat Ali Khan occupied the Monsoon rainfall forecast for Auguat- they have never worked before. nor-designate of the United Provinces, geptember 1947. Forecasting factors indi- Earlier, addressing a hushed House, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, President, paid a tribute to the accompanied by her daughter, Miss whfi *? W* ?n H? dis«ng^hed gallery, cate that there Is a 4 to 1 chance th»t Any number of paper plans will Lilamani Naidu, arrived in Lucknow while Lady Mountbatten and. Miss monsoon rainfall during August and Sep- not usher in the millennium if we memory of those who had sacrificed themselves for the attainment of independence. "Let us also Fatima Jmnah sat together in the* next tember '47 will be above 95 per cent of this morning from Delhi and was ac- row near tht Vicerefal Throne the average in the peninsula comprising go on interminably arguing their pay our tribute of love and reverence to Mahatma Gandhi who has been our beacon-light, our corded a grand reception at the rail- Gujarat, Konkan, Bombay Deccan, Central guide and philosopher during the last 30 years or more," Dr. Rajendra Prasad added. way station where thousands of people Provinces, Hyderabad and above 112 per relative merits. The consensus of carrying Congress tri-colours had ga- VICEROY'S ADDRESS cent of average in North-West India com- instructed opinion in the country Dr. Rajendra Prasad assured the minorities in India that they would receive fair and just thered tb welcome their first popular The following is the text of the ad- prising United Provinces, Puniab, North- is that our urgent need is to in- Governor. She was received at tho dress delivered by His Excellency Lord west Frontier Provinces and Rajputana. treatment. "They will enjoy all the rights and privileges of citizenship," he said, "and will be platform' by the Premier, Pandit Go- Mountbatten to. the Pakistan Constitu- Local forecast: Mainly (air. crease production. Dr. JohnMatthai. vind Ballabh Pant, other Ministers of ent Assembly to-day: Weather news for farmers: Light showers expected, in their turn, to render loyalty to the country in which they live and to its constitu- In Trichy. in stressing the other day the fact the Cabinet, Parliamentary Secretaries Mr. President and members of U» Outlook for the next three days: Thun- that the redressing of the present tion." and prominent Congressmen. Mrs. Naidu Constituent Assembly of Pakistan- der-showers will continue in the eastern was garlanded by Lady Wazir Hasan I have a message from His Majesiy half of the region. gross inequality in distribution is "We are embarking on a great task and we shall do our best to serve it," Dr. Rajendra and Shrimati Sheoravati Nehru. Major we King to deliver to you to-day. Thil METTUR WATIR LEVEL no less essential, was no doubt Prasad concluded. Burridge, Military Secretary to Sir is His Majesty's message: 83.1 feet on August 13. Francis Wylie, received Mrs. Naidu on "I send you my greetings and wannest applying a healthy corrective. But, Moving a resolution that members of the Assembly do dedicate themselves to the service of behalf of the Governor. wishes on this greafr occasion when the while admitting this, we would India and her people, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, in an inspiring address, declared: "The service After inspecting a guard of honour new Dominion of Pakistan is about to provided by the Thirteenth Company of take its place in the British Common- point out that there is some risk of India means the service of the millions that suffer. The ambition of the greatest man of our the Military Police, the Governor- wealth of Nations. In thus achieving in envisaging the pursuit of econo- generation has been to wipe every tear from every eye. That may be beyond us. But so long as designate drove through a decorated your independence by agreement you mic equality in terms of a struggle. route lined by cheering crowds to Gov- nave set an example to all freedom- there are tears and suffering, so long our work will not be over." ernment House. loving people throughout the world. Dr. Matthai argued that like all The resolution was passed unanimously and members took the pledge at the stroke of Sir Francis Wylie, the U.P. Gover- 'I know that I can speak for all sec- national movements for freedom nor, will relinquish his office to-day and tions of opinion within -the British Com- twelve. After accepting the National Flag presented by Mrs. Hansa Mehta on behalf of the leave Lucknow for Bombay en route monwealth when I say that their sup- ours too, has had to lean heavily on women of India, the Assembly adjourned to meet again on Friday morning. to England. , port will not fail you in upholding di- vested interests and the latter have Mrs. Naidu will be installed Gover- mocraiic principles. I am confident that taken the fullest advantage of this; world needs it and will welcome it, un- of the millions who suffer. It means the nor at midnight—A.P.I. the statesmanship and the spirit of co- less it is prepared to reel back into bar- ending of poverty and ignorance and operation which have led to the histo- and that a determined effort should MEMBERS TAKE OATH barism from which it boasts to have disease and inequality of opportunity. ric developments you are now celebrat- FRIDAY, AUGUST 15, 1947. now be made to shake off this NEW DELHI, August 15. emerged. The ambition of the greatest man of our NEW INDIAN CABINET ing will be the best guarantee ol your strangle-hold and this could be "Let us then assure all countries of generation has been to wipe every tear future happiness end prosperity. Great The Constituent Assembly held an the world that we propose to stick to our from every eye. That may be beyond us, responsibilities lie ahead of your lead- done, and the energy released by hour-and-quarter session last night at historic tradition to be on terms of but so long as there are tears and suffer- OFFICIAL ANNOUNCEMENT ers. May the blessings of the Alnyghty A RED-LETTER DAY which it passed Pandit Nehru's resolu- friendship and amity with all. that we ing, so long our work will not be over. sustain you in all your future tasks. Be the achievement of freedom could And so we have to labour and to work NEW DELHI, Aug. 14. assured always of my sympathy and tion prescribing the oath. All the have no designs against anyone and The new Cabinet which will function be best utilised by casting hope that none will have any against us. and work hard to give reality to our support as I watch your continuing V members took the oath as prescribed dreams. Those dreams are for India, but from August 15, announced to-night efforts to advance the cause of huma- BY the grace of Providence India vested interests for the role We have only one ambition and desire, in the resolution after which Dr. they are also for the world, for all the will consist of the following: nity." of en,emy as we cast British and that is to make our countribution to Mr. Jawaharlal Nehru: Prime Minis- enters the comity ot free nations Rajendra Prasad and Pandit Nehru the building up of freedom for all and nations and peoples are too closely knit I am speaking to you to-day as your Imperialism for that role till left for the Government House. together to-day for any one of them to ter, External Affairs and Commonwealth to-day, an equal among equals. It peace among mankind. Relations; Scientific Research. Viceroy. To-morrow the Government of is an occasion for rejoicing not only the other day. Dr. Matthai was, Over 50,000 people loudly cheered imagine that it can live apart. Peace has the new Dominion of Pakistan will rest GREETINGS TO PAKISTAN been said to be indivisible, so is freedom, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel: Home, In- in your hands and I shall be the con- for her people but for all who we are sure, merely using pictures- Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru as, along so is prosperity now, and so also is dis- formation and Broadcasting and States with Dr. Rajendra Prasad, he left the "The country which was made by God stitutional head of your neighbour, the value human freedom as an end que language to emphasise his and Nature to be one, stands divided to- aster in this one world that can no longer Dr. Rajendra Prasad: Food and Agri Dominion of India. The leaders of both Council Hall for the Government day. Separation from near and dear be split into isolated fragments. culture. Governments, however, have invited me in itself. So long as this country point. But there is a danger in sim- Maulana Abul Kalam Azad: Education. House. ones, even from strangers after some "NO TIME FOR ILL-WILL" to be the independent Chairman of the with her hoary civilisation and plifying these things, especially with association, is always painful. I would be Dr. John Matthai: Railways and Trans- Joint Defence Council. This is an As the clock chimed 12, conches "To the people of India, whose repre- a people who are still novices in the blew and thunderous applause and untrue to myself if I did not at this mo- port. honour which I shall strive to merit. many-sided culture, her wealth of ment confess to a sense of sorrow at sentatives we are, we make appeal to Sardar Baldev Singh: Defence. resources and matchless opulence art of political democracy. We have cries of "Mahatma Gandhi-ki-Jai" this separation. But I wish to send on join us with faith and confidence in this Mr. Jagjivan Ram: Labour. AN EVENT IN HISTORY greeted the birth of freedom. Many great adventure. This is no time for of spirit remained in political bon- to deal, not with lifeless things that your behalf and my own our greetings Mr. C. H. Bhabha: Commerce. To-morrow two new sovereign States members in the House were visibly and good wishes for success and the best petty and destructive criticism, no time Mr. Raft Ahmed Kidwai; Communica- dage, that very fact constituted an stay put, but with a dynamic situ- for ill-will or blaming others. We have will take their place in the Common- moved. of luck in the high endeavour of Gov- tions. * wealth: not young nations, but the hein implicit denial of those values to ation which changes under our ernment in which the people of Pakistan. to build the noble mansion of free India Pandit Nehru's resolution, which where all her children may dwell. Rajkumari Amrit Kaur: Health. to old and proud civilisations: fully in- which the dominant nations of the very eyes. Those who led the was seconded by Chaudhri Khaliquz- which till to-day has been a part and Dr. B. R. Ambedkar: Law. dependent States, whose lexers , e parcel of ourselves, are engaged. "I beg to move, Sir, that it be resolved Mr. R. K. Shanmukham Chetti: Finance statesmen, already known and respect- West were wont to pay lip service. fight for freedom yesterday may zaman, Leader of the Muslim League "To those who feel like us but are that: il) After the last stroke of mid- Dr. Shyama Prasad Modkherjee: Indus- ed throughout the world whose poet* That India has at long last achieved themselves come to be regarded as Party, and supported by Dr. S. Radha- on the other side of the border, we send night, all members of the Constituent tries and Supplies. and philosophers, scientists, and war- vested interests by their self-styled krishnan, was carried unanimously a word of cheer. They should not give Assembly, present on this occasion, do Mr. N. V. Gadgil: Works, Mines and riors, have made their imperishable, her independence by agreement amid great acclamation. way to panic but should stick to their take the following pledge: 'At this solemn Power. contribution to the service of mankind: with Great Britain is a fact for successors of to-day who claim to hearths and homes, their religion and moment when the people of India, not immature governments or weak, but which the sagacity and statesman- lead the struggle for economic ASSURANCE TO MINORITIES culture and cultivate the qualities of through suffering and sacrifice, have se- PAKISTAN CABINET fit to carry their great share of res- courage and forbearance. They have no cured freedom, I a member of the ponsibility for the peace and progress of KARACHI, Aug. 14. ship of Britain is entitled to the ful- equality. In fact, the epidemic of An assurance to the minorities in India reason to fear that they will not get pro- Constituent Assembly of India, do dedi- the world. tection and just and fair treatment, and cate myself in all humility to the service The new Pakistan Dominion Central lest credit. Other imperial Powers strikes that has broken out in many that they would receive fair and just Ministry will consist of six members key-industries and that is further treatment and that there would be no they should not become victims of doubt of India and her people to the end that The birth of Pakistan is an event in we bound to follow in her footsteps discrimination in any form against them, and suspicion. They must accept the this ancient land attain her rightful headed by Mr. Liaqat AH Khan, Pre- history. We, who are part of history, sooner or later; for the heart has impoverishing an economy that was given by the President of the Con- assurances publicly given and win their place in the world and make her full mier, who will also be Minister for and are helping to make it. are not and willing contribution to the promo- External Affairs and Defence, it is au- well-placed, even if we wished, to gone out of Imperialism. The har- is already dangerously on the verge stituent Assembly, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, rightful place in the polity of the State moralise on the event, to look back and addressing the historic session of the where they are placed by their loyalty to tion of world peace and the welfare of thoritatively learnt to-day. rowing experience of two wars of collapse, is often sought to be mankind.' (2) Members who are not The following will be the personnel of survey the sequence of the past that House to-night on the assumption of it. led to it. History seems sometimes to justified on the ground that the power. present on this occasion do take the the Ministry along with their portfolios within a single generation is to a GREAT TASK BEFORE NATION pledge with such verbal changes as the and they will be sworn in to-morrow: move with the infinite slowness of a large extent responsible for this bourgeois leaders are in league Dr. Rajendra Prasad, addressing a "To all the minorities in India, we give President may prescribe at the time they Mr. Liaqat Ali Khan—External glacier, and sometimes to rush forward awakening among the ruling with the capitalists. If these ideolo- hushed house, expressed grateful thanks the assurance that they will receive fair next attend a session of the Assembly" Affairs and Defence. in a torrent. Just now, in this part of to the Almighty and recalled in grateful and just treatment and there will be no Chaudary Khaliquzzaman, Leader of Mr. Ghulam Mohamed—Finance. the world our united efforts have Powers. But the way in which gical recriminations are%iven their remembrance the services of all those, discriminaiton in any form against them. the Muslim League Party seconded the Mr. Gbazanfar Ali Khan—Home, melted the ice and moved some impe- bead, we must bid farewell to all known and unknown, who had sacrificed Food, Agriculture and Health. diments in the stream, and we are car- the people of India have con- Their religion, their culture and their resolution ried onwards in the full flood. There is themselves for the attainment of inde- language are safe and they will enjoy Sardar Abdur Rab Nishtar—Rail- ducted their struggle for eman- hopes of a united drive for maxi- pendence. no time to look back. There is time mising production and for opening all the rights and privileges of citizen- "A MILESTONE IN OUR way, Communications, Information and only to look forward. cipation has not been without "Let us also pay our tribute of love ship, and will be expected, in their turn, Broadcasting. its influence in bringing about up new and fruitful fields of econo- and reverence to Mahatma Gandhi who to render loyalty to the country in which MAR,CH" Mr. I. I. Chundrigar—Commerce, In- I wish to pay tribute to the great a change in the world outlook. mic activity. has been our beacon-light, our guide and they live and to its constitution. To all. Dr. S. Radhakrishnan, supporting the dustry and Civil Supplies. men, your leaders, who helped to arrive philosopher during the last 30 years or we give the assurance that it will be our resolution, said, "It is not necessary for Mr. Jogendra Nath Mandal—Law, at a peaceful solution for the transfer The outstanding marvel of this more," he said. endeavour to end poverty and squalor me to speak at any great length on this Education. Works, Mines and Power. of power. century is the faith inspired in Having pinned our faith to the and its companions, hunger and disease, resolution so impressively moved by Pan- method of peaceful persuasion in The following is the text of Dr. Ra- to abolish distinctions and exploitation dit Jawaharlal Nehru and seconded by TRIBUTE TO MB. JINNAH millions of people that truth may jendra Prasad's speech: and to ensure decent conditions of living. Chaudhuri Khaliquzzaman. History and INDIAN ENVOY IN Here I would like to express my tri- prevail, unbacked though it be by our struggle for emancipation it •'In this solemn hour of our history, "We are embarking on a great task. legend will grow around this day. It PAKISTAN bute to Mr. Jinnah. Our close personal the big battalions,, that you may would ill become us to look upon when after many years of struggle we We hope that in this we shall have the marks a milestone in our democracy's contact, and the mutual trust and un- the coercive exercise of the State are taking over the governance of this unstinted service and co-operation of all march. A significant date it is in the derstanding that have grown out of it, win over your adversary by put- country, let us offer our humble thanks our people and the sympathy and support drama of the Indian people who are try- MR. SRI PRAKASA PRESENTS are, I feel, the best of omens for future ting him on his honour, relying on power as the inevitable instrument to the Almighty Power that shapes the of all the communities. We shall do our ing to rebuild and transform themselves. good relations. He has my sincere good for building up a strong and well- destinies of men and nations and let us best to serve it. After a long night of watching and vigi- CREDENTIALS wishes as your new Governor-General. his good faith and appealing to his recall in grateful remembrance the ser- lance, a night full of fateful portents KARACHI, Aug. IS. Moral courage is the truest attribute reason. By imbuing his countrymen knit nation. Among us, as in other vices and sacrifices of all those men and DEDICATION TO INDIA'S and silent prayers for the dawn of free- of greatness and the men who have al- parts of the world, there are bound women, known and unknown, who, with dom, during which our sentinels kept Mr. Sri Prakasa, Government of lowed the paramount need for agreement with this faith and sustaining it smiles on their faces, walked to the gal- SERVICE watch, at last the dawn is breaking and India's High Commissioner in Pakistan, and a peaceful solution to take prece- through the long night-of darkness to be wide differences of opinion as lows or faced bullets on their chests, who we greet it with utmost enthusiasm. presented his credentials to Mr. Liaqat dence over the hopes and claims they to the objectives of State policy. experienced living death in the Anda- "Long years ago. we made a tryst with Ali Khan, Minister for External Affairs. so strongly held and keenly felt, havj and despair Mahatma Gandhi has destiny and now the time comes when "When we are passing from the state Pakistan Government, to-day. All rational men aim at the good mans or spent long years in the prisons of we shall redeem our pledge, not wholly of serfdom, a state of slavery and sub- shown moral courage in a high degree. not only won for himself a secure India* who preferred voluntary exile in jection, to freedom, it is an efceasio?* Mr. Sri Prakasa said: "Personally, I I wish to acknowledge, too, the help of life as the goal of the State; but. or in full measure, but very substan- feel assured that both Qaid-e-Azam and others: of the men- who advised and as- place in our affections; he has plac- foreign countries to a life of humiliation tially", declared India's first Premier, which is as happy as it is unique though there is general agreement in theif own, who not only lost wealth in that it is being affected Mr. Liaqat Ali Khan are sincerely de- sisted the process of negotiation: of the ed all humanity in his debt. To him Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, moving the sirous that all communal antagonism men who kept the machinery of ad- in regard to the material conditions and property, but cut themselves off resolution prescribing an Oath for the in such an orderly and dignified way. and to the countless men and from their near and dear ones to devote Mr. Attlee spoke with visible pride in should be things of the past and the ministration running , under great diffi- members in the Constituent Assembly citizens of either States should work for culties, of the men who have worked women who sacrificed themselves which the term implies, there are themselves to the achievement of the to-night. , the- House of Commons when he said considerable differences of opinion great objective which we are witnessing that this is the first great instance of the well-being of the respective States day and night to solve the innumerable cheerfully that others might live to to-day. The pledge as moved in the House a strong imperialist power transferring regardless of, their creed in a spirit of problems of partition. All this has been breathe the ampler air of freedom, over the spiritual values which are to-night has some slight verbal varia- its authority to the subject people whom loyalty and goodwill." achieved with toil and sweat. I wish 1 no less essential to the good life, TRIBUTE TO GANDHIJI tions from the one circulated earlier it ruled with force and firmness for "It will be a pity, almost a tragedy, could say also without tears and blood. our hearts turn to-day in reverent this week. nearly two centuries. He went for a Mr. Liaqat Ali rightly said, if the two But terrible crimes have been com- homage. such imponderables, among others, "Let us also pay tribute of love and "At the stroke of midnight hour", parallel to the British withdrawal from States were to become purely Hindu or mitted. It is justifiable to reflect, how- as freedom of thought itself. Far reverence to Mahatma Gandhi who has Pandit Nehru said, "when the world South Africa. But all these are nothing Muslim States without any Muslim co- ever, that far more terrible things might been our beacon-light, our guide and sleeps, India will awake to life and in scale comparable with the British operating in India or any Hindu co-ope- have happened if the majority had not We have achieved freedom; But at from regarding it as necessary in philosopher during the last 30 years or freedom, (cheers). The moment comes, it withdrawal from this country. When rating in Pakistan." proved worthy of the high endeavour what cost! A country and a people the interests of the public welfare more. He represents that undying spirit comes but rarely in history, when we we see what the Dutch are doing in "It is needless to say that It will be of their leaders, or had not listened to that by every test are a unity have to steam-roller opinion at the behest in our culture and make-up which has step out from the old to the new. when Indonesia, when we see how the French my earnest endeavour to work for the that great appeal which Mr. Jinnah and kept India alive through vicissitudes of an age ends, and when the soul of a are clinging to their possessions, we consummation of these hopes and the Mahatma, Gandhi together made, and been arbitrarily divided. And the of a dominant clique, our age-long our history. He it is who pulled us out of nation, long suppressed, finds utterance. cannot but admire the political saga- which the respective future Govern- attainment of this object" said Mr. Sri ments reiterated in a statement made wound will take long to heal; for, tradition, to which totalitarian the Slough of Despond and despair and It is fitting that at this solemn moment city and courage of the British people. Prakasa in conclusion.—U.P.I. blowed into us a spirit which enabled we take the pledge of dedication to the (Cheers'. We on our side have also by the Partition Council. as Mr. Nehru has sadly remarked, tyranny is profoundly repugnant, us to stand up for justice, to claim our service of India and her people and to added a chapter to the history of the "division has taken place in the has always favoured the allowing birth-right of freedom and placed in our the still larger cause of humanity." world. Look at the way in which BURMA DEFENCE May I remind you of the terms of that hands the matchless and unfailing wea- Pandit Nehru continued: "At the a subject people in history won statement? The 'two Governments dec- hearts of the people of India". But of the maximum liberty to people pon of Truth and Non-violence which, dawn of history, India started on her their freedom, how men had ac- SERVICES lared that "it is their intention to safe- it is idle to brood over what has to live their own lives without de- without arms and armaments, has won unending quest and trackless centuries quired power. Washington, Napoleon. guard the legitimate interests of all citi- happened and foolish to get angry nying others their dup. If we are for us the invaluable prize of Swaraj at are filled with her strivings and the Cromwell, Hitler and Mussolini. Look at RATES OF PAY ANNOUNCED zens, irrespective of religion, caste or a price which, when the history of these grandeur of her successes and her the methods of blood and steel, terror- sex in the exercise of their normal civic and cast about for scapegoats. Many to be true to our own best impulses times comes to be written, will be re- failures. Through good and ill fortune ism and assassination, bloodshed and RANGOON. Aug. 13. rights all citizens will be regarded as think that there is bound to be a we should depend on education garded as incredible for a vast country alike, she has never lost sight of that anarchy, by which these so-called great The Government to-day announced equal and both Governments will assure of our size and for the teeming millions quest or forgotten the ideals which gave of the world acquired power. Here in the rates of pay and allowance for to all people within their territories reunion when there has been time rather than legislation, on the cata- of our population. We were indifferent her strength. And we end to-day a period this land under the leadership of one Burma Defence Services. The minimum the exercise of liberties such as freedom enough for people to reflect coolly lytic action of creative thought and instruments that he had to work with of ill-fortune and India discovers her- who will go down in history as perhaps basic pay for an army recruit was fixed of speech, the right to form associations, He led us with consummale skill, with self again. The achievement we cele- the greatest man of our age (Cheers), at Rs. 30 and the maximum pay for a the right to worship in their own way on the disastrous consequences of not on mass agitation and crude have opposed with patience, fury ana Brigadier at Rs. 1,400. and the protection of their language unwavering determination, with an brate to-day is but a step, an opening bureaucratic tyranny and with what re- this unnatural partition. That is as propaganda, to bring about those undying faith in our future, with faith of opportunity, to the greater triumohs Sergeants will be paid irom Rs 65 and culture. Both Governments further sult, that the transition is being effected undertake that there shall be no discri- it may be. But those who are per- changes which may be necessary in his weapon and, above all, with faith and achievements that await us. Are with the least bitterness, with utterly no to Rs. 135. Warrant Officers from Rs. in God. Let us prove true to that faith. we brave enough and wise enough to 130 to Rs. 300, Lieutenants from Rs. 350 mination against those . who before petually harping on it, whether from to eliminate poverty, wretchedness kind of hatred. The very fact that we August 15 have been political oppo- Let us hope that India will not. in the graso this opportunity and accept the are appointing Lord Mountbatten as the to Rs. 600, Captains from Rs. 525 to genuine distress or in a fractious and strife and to enable every citi- hour of her triumph, give up or minimise challenge of the future?" Governor-General of India, shows the Rs. 700, Majors from Rs. 800 to Rs. 1,000, nents". the value of the weapon which served Lieut.-Colonels from Rs. 1,100 to Rs. spirit, will not be hastening that zen of free India to attain to full- spirit of understanding and friendliness CHARTER OF LIBERTY consummation. It can only act as ness of life and that inner freedom not only to rouse and inspire her in her RESPONSIBILITIES OF FREEDOM in which this whole transition is being 1.200 and Colonels will draw Rs. 1.300. moments of depression, but has alone ''Freedom and power bring responsibi- effected. (Cheers). It was officially announced to-day The honouring of these words will an irritant. The temptation for the which the Vedie seers termed proved its efficacy. India has a great part lity. That responsibility rests upon the that certificates of release are now be- mean nothing less than a Charter of to play in the shaping and moulding of Assembly, a sovereign body representing ing issued to European officers of the Liberty for a fifth of the human race. protagonists of a united India and Swaaraajya. \ the future of a war-distracted world. You, Mr. President, referred to of Pakistan to talk at each other the sovereign people of India. Before the the sadness in our hearts, to the Burma Civil and Police Services who Some days ago. 1 went to Lahore. From She can play that part, not by mimick- birth of freedom, we have endured all sorrow which also clouds our re- desire them, at the Governor's discre- the reports I had received I expected to from a distance should be set aside. ing from a distance what others are the pains of labour and our hearts are joicings. May I say that we are in an es- tion.—Reuter. witness a scene of unparalleled devas- And both sides should concentrate doing or by joining in the race for arma- heavy with the memory of this sorrow. sential sense responsible for it also, tation. Those 6f you, who have not visit- INDIAN AUXILIARY FORCES ments and competing with others in the Some of those pains continue even now. though not entirely. From 1600, English- ed Lahore, will be relieved to hear that on the thousand and one practical discovery of the latest and most effective Nevertheless, the past is over and it is men have come to this country—priests EARLDOM FOR the destruction is far less than I ex- tasks that will have to be tackled DISBANDED instruments of destruction. She has now the future that beckons to us now. and nurs. merchants and adventurers, pected. It amounts to not more than NEW DELHI, Aug. U. the opportunity and, let us hope, she "That future is not one of ease o- rest- diplomats and statesmen, missionaries MOUNTBATTEN eighteen houses per thousand of the in a spirit of mutual accommodation The Government of India, it is learnt. will have the courage and strength to ing, but of inces~rnt striving so that we and idealis's- The great among them LONDON. Aug. 14. whole municipal area. I do not say this if life is not to be unnecessarily have issued orders disbanding all units place before the world for its acceptance might fulfil the pledges we have so often wished to modernise this country. They Viscount Mountbatten. Governor-Gene- n extenuation of the madness which hard for large masses of men. of the Indian Auxiliary Forces from her infallible substitute for war and taken and the one we shall take to-day. ral-designate of India, waj to-day- August 14. bloodshed, death and destruction. The The service of, India means the service (Continued on page 8) awarded an Earldom. (Continued «• paje $) THE HINDU, FRIDAY, AUGUST 15, 1947. INDEPENDENCE DAY : LEADERS' MESSAGES

against dangers from without and from within. We nave also to ensure that the Cjormmm Howi, forget what he said about their •mira- our shoulder to the wheel and work hand humblest among us has the same stature culous awakening'. Nor shall we forget in hand for the progress and develop- MR. NEHRU'S CALL TO as the tallest in the land, that Labour fe»teu» the outstanding evidence of three Indian ment of our motherland. gets its legitimate share of its product * women when they came to give evi- Referring to the partition of India, Hi» THE NATION that the toiling millions in village ob- dence against the Joint Select Com- Highness regrets that "a part of our tain just'return for the sweat of their mittee. Then started a liaison between country has separated from us" and ex- brow, and that the State discharges ade- • the British women's organisations and presses the hope that in due course, "our quately its elementary duty of feeding, the All-India Women's Conference—a brothers will come back and join us in clothing, housing and educating every human contact that stood the severe our onward march." "LET US DEDICATE OURSELVES TO on and daughter of the Motherland. It strain of political struggle and tension Concluding, His Highness says that has now been given to us by Providence over weary and difficult years. there are vast potentialities to explore COUNTRY'S SERVICE" to fashion our country's destiny accord- and considerable leeway to make up. ing to our cherished ideals and aspira- I send agr peetlafs ui kt»t wishes to tht "At this juncture, the British wo- With the immense natural resources at tions. If we fail the Motherland, the men watch with intense interest and our disposal and unlimited manpower, blame will not lie at other's doors. In- XadiM press an* to all yow reefers on this historic gladness the part Indian women are we can soon become self-sufficient and in- Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, in an Independence Day message to deed, there are enormous difficulties and, taking in national and international deed supply the needs of less fortunate- almost insuperable obstacles in our way, day. It ta food to loan that paper restriction* have affairs—their natural appointment to ly placed countries. To this end, we must the nation, has appealed to the people "as citizens of a great r key positions without the dreary pre- bend all our energies. country" to live up to that high standard. Explaining the task but it is for us to over them. teen relaxed to eneble *peeiel Independence Pay nu»b»r» lude of feminist struggle. No other coun- "We ask all our countrymen to lend try in the world can match the record ahead, Pandit Nehru says they should endeavour "to build up a us a helping hand in this gigantic task. to be produced and Justice to be doot to a great occasion. of the Indian women in the past year MR. C. H. BHABHA prosperous, democratic and progressive nation and to create The duty is too sacred to be profaned —Mrs. Pandit, leading the Indian dele- NEW DELHI, Aug. 13. social, economic and political institutions which will ensure by selfish scrambles, internecine dissen- I would like to pey iqr tribuU to tha gation to the U-N. Assembly, Rajkumarj "It is a day of rejoicing to-day. It Is sions, and narrow prejudices; the res- Amrit Kaur's part at the UNESCO, Mrs. also a day of remembrance. Let us not justice and fullness of life to every man and woman." ponsibilities are too great to be slight- eeaatruetlve attitude of th* prats during ay brlff, but Hansa Mehta's contribution to the forget those millions, nameless unknown ed by obstructive tactics or prejudiced Human Rights Commission, and Begum warriors, who sacrificed their all to by subversive activities. Many a wound croude* t*r* of offlca aa Vlctrojr. Opoo tha prat* baa Hamid Ali's work on the Equal Status make India free," says Mr. C. H. Bha- of this fair country remains to be healed; Commission. Recently, we read of Mrs. bha, in a message. MR. NEHRU'S MESSAGE We sought to achieve freedom for many an anguished soul requires to be felled tbe.heevy responsibility for keeping tho public Sarojini Naidu being appointed Acting "To-day" also marks the end of aa an India that was one and, to us, indi- comforted. In this humanitarian and Governor of U P. and Rajkumari Amrit era. It also marks the daw,n of a new The following ii the text of Pandit visible! And yet millions of our brothers national' endeavour, none can afford wall taformd about oae of tba sort complex political Kaur as Minister for Public Health in era of responsibilities and determina- Nehru's message: and sisters who were our countrymen either to withhold co-operation or to the new Indian Government. Of special tion. It should be a matter of utmost The Appointed Day has come—the yesterday will to-day become subjects refuse goodwill. All of us must offer ami sdalcUtretlve operations in history. By upholding significance is Mrs. Pandit as India's concern that on this day, the shadow of day appointed by destiny, and India of a separate State. We accepted this our best in this joint undertaking, Ambassador at Moscow in these days cf the Bengal famine should re-emerge over gtands forth 'again after long slumber separation, however painful, because "Our hearts naturally go out to those fair eoaatet and accurate reports, It baa an aqually strain between Russia and the West. South India. It should also be a mat- and struggle—awake, vital, free and in- freedom from foreign rule was the im- who were of us and with us so long ter of great concern to every one of us dependent. The past clings on to us still perative necessity of our national exist- but who are now to be separated. Few vital part to slay ia the fntura. There can ba no "Special attention was drawn in recent that production in all its spheres has in some measure and we have to do ence and unity without freedom had can realise the bitterness and sorrow debates in the Commons by Mrs. Muriel declined and movement of goods should much before we redeem the pledges we turned into disunity. Freedom achieved which partition has brought to those Nichbl and Mr. R. A. Butler to the have been reduced. unity may return, a unity truer than we fl**s> piaraata* to a nation's walfara than a fra« press part Indian women will play in the have so often taken. Yet the turning point had before. who cherished unity but lived to fashion "We shall have to gird °ur loins to is past, history begins anew, for us, its details. But let not our brethren ia the service of a free lation. new India. Mr. Butler said, 'I feel cer- save human beings from starvation. the history which we shall live and Let us not be disheartened because across the border feel that they are tain that women have a great part to We are told that there is no act, and others will write about. freedom has not come in the full glory neglected or forgotten. Their welfare play, whether In India or in Pakistan. escape from starvation. Others talk of a united India. The tragedy of the will claim our vigilance and we shall I hope they, will continue to mix in of large stocks of foodgrains in the It is a fateful moment for us in India, public life and thereby greatly enlarge last few months which has set brother follow with abiding interest their future I****** black markets of North India. In the for all Asia and for the world. A new against brother and disfigured the fair in full hope and confidence that sooner the area of talent upon which the new name of free India and for the love of star rises, the star of freedom in the face of this nation has cast a deep than later we shall again be united in ^uvJ*-»^i Governments and administrations can humanity, i appeal to every one, so far Kast, a new hope comes into being, a shadow of gloom in our hearts. Never- common allegiance to our country. Mth imrt. 1047. draw'. These are breath-taking days wallowing in black markets to give up vision long cherished materialises. May theless, as a wounded soldier rejoices if that enhearten women the world over. his grain. I equally appeal to the public the star never set and that hope never he holds aloft the banner of freedom, "It is in this spirit and faith that we Indian women, we salute you." to help the authorities to track down be betrayed. even 30 we rejoice at the advent of must dedicate ourselves this day afresh black marketers. An all-out effort shall We rejoice in that freedom, even this day. to the service of the nation and invite GEN. CARLOS ROMULO have to be made to save our brethren though clouds surround us, and many of all our countrymen to do the same." CoVUMKWT HOCSE, in the south from starvation and death. our people are sorrow-stricken and PRIVILEGE AND RESPONSIBILITY General Carlos Romulo, leader of the "It is said that it is sometime easier to difficult problems encompass us. But What we have achieved to-day is the BABU RAJENDRA PRASAD kba permanent Philippines Delegation to win freedom than to retain that free- freedom brings responsibilities and freedom to make or mar our destiny. Babu Rajendra Prasad says: the United Nations, In a message says: dom. Perpetual vigilance is the price burdens and we have to face them in This is the highest privilege and highest Thanks to Mahatma Gandhi and the "No people in the world rejoice more men have to pay for their liberty. India the spirit of a free and disciplined responsibility. This privilege and this great national leaders who preceded sincerely than* the Philippino people shall have to be strong in every sense people. responsibility shall be shared equally by him, India too has taken its share in that the day of India's freedom is at of the term, if India were to retain her On this day our first thoughts go to all citizens of the Indian Union, to the historic pilgrimage of human free- hand. It has been a long and tortuous freedom so dearly won by her, A co- the Architect of this freedom, the Father whatever religion, community or party dom. The victory against foreign domi- Suriag tha past five Mnths I have been able road that our two peoples have trod to- operative effort is needed to make India of our Nation who, embodying the old they may belong. Let every citizen nation which we celebrate to-day is gether. Now we have come to the end strong. 'Produce or perish' shall have of that road and we look back refresh- to be our slogan." spirit of India, held aloft the torch of pledge himself to-day to bend all his the nation's victory through its own to sea for ayself what a valuable contribution the Prase ed not only by our final triumph but freedom and lighted up the darkness energies to the building of a democratic efforts. But it is not the end of our job. also by the knowledge that the others that surrounded us. We have often been society based on social justice, where all Millions face privation, hunger and dis- has s»de to the great events we are now celebrating, and who are equally determined to be free MR. R. S. BUTLER unworthy followers of his and have power shall reside in the people and all ease and to conquer these, petty quar- are not far behind us. LONDON, Aug. 14. strayed from his message, but not only citizens shall have equal opportunities rels will need to be forgotten and sec- X have also been aost lnpressed fey the spaee and treataest Mr. R. S. Butler, former Under-Secre- we, but succeeding generations, will re- of development. To-day our enemy is tional self-interest laid aside. India "Free India is an outstanding political tary for India and Chief Opposition member this message and bear the im- not outside us but within us. Hunger, faces a colossal task in harnessing the given to all those activities affecting the health, educ- phenomenon of our time. The clock of spokesman on Indian affairs in the print in their hearts of this great son poverty and disease, our ignorance, pre- enthusiasm and energy of the people to history that was arrested two hundred House of Commons, in a message •wel- of India, magnificent in his faith and judice and folly, and above all the spirit the requirements of an Independent na- tion and social welfare of the people. years ago is moving again. The time that coming the birth of Indian independ. strength and courage and humility. We of violence and disorder let loose by tion. was lost will be redeemed in terms of ence. said to-day: "We are very .satis- shall never allow that torch of freedom communal passions, are our real ene- Given the goodwill and co-operation There reaelns a llaltless field for progress massive influence that India will exert fied to feel that India and Pakistan will to be blown out, however high the wind mies. Against these enemies we have to on the destiny of mankind as one of the retain their close relationship with the marshal all our forces. It is the sacred of the people and the press, we are most potent among the nations. May the or stormy the tempest confident of our ability to surmount in vhleh united effort suit be Bade to achieve an atcored, British Commonwealth of Nations and duty of every Indian to help the State these difficulties. people of India make of this freedom we feel sure that the ingenuity of Indian Our next thoughts must be of the un- right these enemies. This new struggle an opportunity to advance from great- and British minds will see to It that this known volunteers and soldiers of free- will need f ven a greater spirit of sacri- happy and fall life for every nan, woaan and child in this ness to greatness and be a source of link is maintained.".—Reuter. dom who, without praise or reward, fice and self-discipline than we showed MAULANA AZAD constant inspiration to all the peoples have served India even unto death. in our struggle for freedom. "The first phase of our national strug vast country, ta this depends largely her future security, of Asia and Africa who are still to be We think also of our brothers and gle has successfully ended. We have free." CHIANG'S MESSAGE TO sisters who have been cut off from us The Congress has declared in unmis- achieved freedom. This we could not •Kesperity and rightful place is the world* Progress Is not by political boundaries and who un- takable terms that Swaraj cannot be real have dane without the fullest co-opei- MR. AZZAM PASHA VICEROY happily cannot share at present in the for the masses unless it makes possible NEW DELHI, Aug. 14. the achievement of a society in which ation. unity and steadfastness of the confined to one territory alone, but as with India's lead The Secretary-General of the Arab freedom that has come. They are of us entire nation We would need these League Abdur Rahman Azzam Pasha, The following telegram has been re- and will remain of us whatever may democracy extends from the political to ceived from President Chiang Kai-shek the social and economic sphere, and in qualities still more in our second and In Anti-Malarial work, la or world wide significance.* At said, "I am happy to take this happen, and we shall be sharers in their more vital stage of national reconstruc- opportunity to send to the Indian peo- addressed to His Excellency the Gov- good and ill fortune .alike. which there would be no opportunity ernor-General of India: for privileged classes to exploit the bulk tion," says Maulana Abul Kalam Azad. this tine when the eyes of the world are on this country, ple my sincerest wishes for their well- The future beckons to us. Whither do of the people, nor for gross inequalities He adds: "We should endeavour to being and prosperity. This celebration "On this auspicious occasion when •we go and what shall be our endeavour? such as exist at present. Such a society utilise our newly won freedom in u X look forward to the contribution India can aake la tha of Indian independence is for us an your splendid efforts in settling the To bring freedom and opportunity to the would ensure individual liberty, equality manner which will make our freedom occasion of great joy. The ever-increas- problems of India are crowned with common man, to the peasants and work- of opportunity and the fullest scope for a real fulfilment of our hopes. Every yean to COM to the well-being cf humnlty. ing bonds and common interests which success, please accept my warm congra- ers of India. To fight and end poverty every citizen for the development of his Indian must, in this hour need, respond link the Arab peoples and their Indian tulations on your unprecedented achieve- and ignorance and disease. To build up personality. Only in such a society will to the call of the country and perform brothers in the political, economic and ment and my best wishes for the happi- a prosperous, democratic and progressive his or her duty loyally in whatever sta- social fields are doubly strengthened ness and prosperity of India." the common man be freed from the tion of life he or she may be." by the realisation that we have nation, and to create social, economic and triple exploitation of the communalist, many spiritual and moral beliefs MOCNTBATTEN'S REPLY political institutions which will ensure the capitalist and the bureaucrat. Such SIR TERENCE SHONE in common. Indian independence brings Lord Mountbatten, in his reply to justice and fullness of life to every man a society which derives its strength from with it a messaga of hope and en- President Chiang Kai-shek, says: and woman. the happiness of its people and its unity Sir Terence Shone, High Commission- couragement to onr brother peoples of "I thank Your Excellency most warmly We have hard work ahead, There if no from their willing allegiance will be the er for the United Kingdom, writes: the East Mill suffering from the domina- for your kind telegram of congratula- resting for any one of us till we redeem best inducement to the seceding parts to In extending to the Indian people on tion of European imperialism and we tions and good wishes. It will always be our pledge in full, till we make all the rejoin India and share her great heri- behalf of my wife and myself our sin- join with you in feeling that the world a source of pride and satisfaction to me people of India what destiny intended tage. To the building of such a society cerest good wishes and greetings on this Two messages from Their Excellencies Viscount and Lady Mountbatten, to has much to learn from the East and to have assisted India to the attainment them to be. We are citizens of a great let every Indian pledge himself on this great day in the history of both our the Press of India. that co-operation of all Eastern peoples of its cherished goal of Independence. In country, on the verge of bold advance, day. Vande Mataram. countries, I would also like to add our enjoying their rights to freedom and the new era which dawns for India on and we have to live up to that high personal appreciation of the many kind- independence constitutes an essential this historic day, I am confident that the itandard. All of us to whatever religion MRS. SAROJINI NAIDU nesses which have been shown to us factor .for the ensurance of lasting peace age-old bonds of friendship between we may belong are equally the children Mrs. Sarojini Naidu writes: here since we arrived. and people of India on the historic occa- unquestionable right to travel to the and prosperity'in our world." India and China will be still further of India with equal rights, privileges and sion which is being celebrated on the uttermost confines of his individuality, strengthened to the benefit not only of India has taken the initial step to In- It is an honour and privilege to me 15th August. ' to live up to the noblest ideals conceiv- obligations. We cannot encourage com- pedence.. Her new tri-colour flag is as to be able to serve as representative of PANDIT G. B. PANT the two countries, but of world peace munalism or narrow-mindedness, for no yet a guarantee rather than a complete "The Australian people rejoice In ed in the land of his or her birth. The and prosperity. Please accept my grate* nation can be great whose people are H.M.G. in the United Kingdom in one your new status as a free and sove- National Flag of India, which has been ful thanks and best wishes." narrow in thought or in action. achievement of freedom. Let not the of two great members of our Common- reign nation and warmly welcome your unfurled to-day is an emblem of free- LUCKNOW. Aug. 14. people be unduly distressed about the wealth of Nations. I shall strive to de- fellow membership in the British Com- dom and peace, the two ideals which "India has been re-born in the midst To the nations and peoples of the partition. It is only a geographical divi- serve that honour by working to pro- monwealth of Nations. are of the greatest importance to the of travail and turmoil, to-day we are ob- world we send greetings and pledge our- sion and its duration depends largely on mote the happiest relations between our human race. It is given to every serving the dawn of the new era. Every- selves to co-operate, with them in fur- themselves and the wisdom, patience, two countries. "It is confidently anticipated that your Indian national to-day to conduct him- thing should change now and the change GOVERNOR-ELECT OF thering peace, freedom and democracy. sympathy and understanding of their traditions, your ancient culture and the self or herself in every part of the should be for the better. The old order WEST BENGAL And to India, our much-loved mother- attitude and ambition in relation to one MR. HENRY GRADY spirit which is animating you in mak- world as the equal of every other fel- must yield place to the new and to a land, the ancient, the eternal and the another. Let us all believe and pursue ing smooth this period of transition will low-being of whatever race or nationa- better one" say Pandit Govind Ballabh ever-new, we pay our reverent homage the course in support of our belief that Mr. Henry Grady. American Ambas- ensure the future welfare and greatness lity, with perfect self-confidence, dig- Pant, U. P. Premier, in a message to the C. R. ARRIVES IN CALCUTTA and we bind ourselves afresh to her India is indeed one and indivisible and sador to India, in a special message says: of the people of India." nity and legitimate pride but never with citizens of Free India. He adds: service. that the irresistible will of the tem- The President and the people of the arrogance. Free India expects every- Independence Is no longer a dream; it CALCUTTA, Aug. 14. porarily separated kindred will recreate United States extend sincere good MARSHAL CHIANG one of her citizens to do his utmost to Mr. C. Rajagopalachari. Governor- a new united India shaped and moulded maintain the collective dignity of the is a reality. I welcome you to the Free Designate of West Bengal, arrived in MESSAGE TO OVERSEAS INDIANS wishes to-day to the people of India The following is the text of a tele- State of the Union of India. The fight In a message to Indians overseas. in the glorious image of our heart's on this occasion of the achievement of country and contribute his best to the against foreign domination is over. We Calcutta at 1-20. desire, an India that will take her pre- their goal of independence. gram of congratulations from Presi- sum-total of human happiness and A large crowd greeted him with Jai Pandit Nehru says:— destined place among progressive na- dent Chiang Kai-shek to the Prime peace throughout the world through have to stimulate the dormant energy The American people are keenly Minister of India: creative effort. May the blessing which and to harness the immense manpower oi Hind at the aerodrome, as he came out ''To-day is a fateful moment in history tions bestowing the radiance of her aware of the exceptional abilities of India so that life everywhere may be of the plane, which brought him from for India, for all Asia, indeed for the wisdom upon the face of all humanity. "On this auspicious occasion when this day confers upon Indians last for Delhi to Calcutta. He was garlanded, entire world. After long years of suff- India's peoples, of the talents of their ever and bring ever greater happiness fully re-vivified and revitalised. leaders and of the vast extent of the the people of India celebrate the dawn to the people of India and therefore among others, by the retiring Governor ering and sacrifice, India attains her MR. C. RAJAG0PALACHAR1 country's natural resources. Thus, as of a new era of freedom, I wish to con- "To all brave men, women and child- of Bengal, Sir Frederick Burrows. freedom and independence. A new star vey to you and the people of India my through friendly co-operation to other ren whose heroic deeds have brought rises, the star of freedom in the East. Mr. C. Rajagopalachari in a special the new free Dominions move into the members of the human race." us this triumph, we offer our profound Mr. H. S. Suhrawardy, Chief Minister message to THE HINDU says: challenging future, Americans foresee warm congratulations on the glorious A new hope fills the world. and monumental achievement in which gratitude. It is a matter of great joy and of Bengal, Dr. P. C. Ghosh, Chief Mi- How I wish I were young again and wish for the fullest possible deve- gratification to us that the father of our nister of West Bengal, Mr. S. C- Roy "On this day of liberation the mother- lopment of India's tremendous possibi- you and Mahatma Gandhi have played Choudhury, Mayor of Calcutta, Lt.-Ge- and had a chance to partake in the such an eminent and noble part, and MR. HENRY WALLACE nation. Manama Gandhi, under whose land sends her affectionate greetings to campaign of patient hard work and the lities for enhancing the well-being of neral R. P. L. Rankin, Area Command- her children abroad. She calls them to all the people. which I am confident, will be a source Mr. Henry Wallace, in a statement inspiring, saintly and sublime leadership er, and Mr. S. G. Taylor, Inspector- her service and to the service of free- cleansing of soul with patriotic identi- of inspiration to all peoples striving for says: "On August 15th. 1947, this cen- this emancipation from foreign yoke of General of Police, were among those fication of every man and woman It will be a time of many perplexing independence, equality and progress. tury records one of the great events 400 millions of our countrymen has been dom wherever they might be. Every with the State, so that self-govern- problems, of which Americans will have achieved by the Indian National Congress who received the Governor-Designate Indian abroad is a representative of a sympathetic understanding, but as Please accept my best wishes for India's of history. The independence of India at the aerodrome. India and must ever remember that he ment that is now established may also bright and promising future of success is an event so dramatic, it will take man- is still in our midst. He is the architect become good government. Our stables India moves forward to meet them the kind generations to realise its full signi- of our freedom and the nation looks up Accompanied by Sir Frederick Bur- has the honour of his country in his United States offers the hand of friend and greatness." keeping. That is a proud privilege and are large and really Herculean effort is ficance. No one now can, attempt to judge to him for guidance in the tasks that lie rows, Mr. Rajagopalachari drove to the required to clean them up. Every man ship, gratified that both our countries Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru has sent the greatness of India% future contri- ahead. Government House where the Gover- ' responsibility. None of India's children, share the same determination to live at wherever they be. may submit to any- and woman engaged in whatever walk the following reply to President Chiang: butions to the comity of nfetions; we On behalf of the Hindus who form the nor's staff was introduced to him. of life from sweeper up to the admi- peace with other nations and to main- "I am grateful to you and thank you only know it will change the entire majority of the people in U. P., the Pre- The Governor-designate was cheered thing which is against national self- nistrative officer at the highest leve" tain a democratic way of life for our for your message on the occasion of nature of the world we live in- No respect or against the cause of freedom. citizens. mier assures the minorities of fullest at several places on the route from Dum They must preserve their own freedom should work with a smile on the face India attaining independence. In our citizen of the world can fail to join me protection, justice and fairplay and Dum to Calcutta, people with national at all costs and respect the freedom of and unflagging vigilance for public long past India and China have often in wishing the people 6f India and adds: "All will have equal rights and flags assembling on either side of the others.'1 welfare with an active feeling of com- SIR IVEN MACKAY looked to each other and derived ins- their leaders strength, courage and suc- equal opportunities and no one will be route. plete identity between citizen and piration from each other. The old bonds cess as they face the challenge of the prejudiced in any way on the ground of Government. What is wanted is not Lt.-Gen. Sir Iven Mackay, High Com- will grow stronger between a free coming years." A group of Dersong carrying black missioner for Australia, writes: creed or caste, In a civilised society, a flags, and placards "Go back, Rajagopa- ACHARYA KRIPALANI genius, but honest labour and patriotic India and China to the mutual benefit citizen owes everything to the State and spirit. Let us not waste time in idle As the representative in India of the of cur respective peoples and for the lachari" was sko present near the aero- Commonwealth of Australia, I send my his life, liberty, his possessions and his drome entrance. Acharya Kripalani, President of the talk or controversy, but spend every advancement of world peace, demo- SIR ALEXANDER CADOGAN culture are all dependent on the whole- Indian National Congress, in a message moment in some work profitable to greetings to the peoples of India and cracy and freedom.'1 Sir Frederick Bourne, Governor-de- says: — body or spirit. a message of welcome to THE HINDU Sir Alexander Cadogan, Head of the some strength and might of the State. and its readers. Permanent United Kingdom Delegation Faithful and unconditional loyalty to the signate of EastVBengal, arrived in Cal- This day of August 15, 1947, is a me- We, Australians, have watched with INDONESIAN PREMIER to the United Nations, said, "I can State is the foundation of all rights and cutta from Nagpur by air to-day, on his morable day in the history of India On readily imagine the emotions which must way to Dacca. He was greeted at the SARDAR PATEL interest and sympathy the advance of The Indonesian Republican Premier, condition precedent to their enjoyment.' aerodrome by an A.D.C. to the Governor this day the deadweight of British'im- India towards national responsibility and be uppermost in the hearts of Indians perialism is lifted from this land. The "I send to the readers of THE HINDU Dr. Amir Sharifuddin, in a radio mes- to-day. Here at the United Nations, the The Premier says: "Public servants of Bengal. ' congratulate you upon attaining the sage to the Indian leaders, Mr. Nehru were in a difficult position in the past, sufferings and sacrifices of generations my best wishes and greetings on the freedom which Australians are already occasion of India's independence is not Sir Frederick leaves thisT evening for of brave fighters in the cause of inde- Independence Day. "To-day when we and Mr. Jinnah. says: passing unnoticed and especially in the when there was a conflict between loyalty Dacca.—A.P.I. are^ witnessing the fulfilment of our life's accustomed to. Our two countries nave "On this great day we intend to cele- United Kingdom delegation, there is to a foreign Government and real ser- pendence have borne fruit. We salute many interests in common and we hope vice of the people. That embarrassing with reverence the memory of those ambition and participating in the victory that within the British Commonwealth brate with you the establishment of the genuine pleasure at the attainment by whse blood and sweat have watered the that has crowned the nation's struggle Dominions led by Your Excellencies. We the Indian people of their full measure state is now happily over. There needs be these interests may be added to. Most of free Statehood within the British fa- no room for misunderstanding between ADDRESS PRESENTED harvest which we gather to-day. We for freedom, it is our first duty to pay of all we wish you well in your deter- hope to be represented by Deputies, thus honour the brave and selfless patriots homage to the memory of those whose consolidating the Government and the mily of nations. We send our very the public and their servants hereafter mination to raise the living standard of warmest felicitations to the two great and he who serves the people with devo- IN NEW DELHI who are, happily still with us, not only sacrifices have contributed so much to your people. people of Indonesia in the fight to main- the great leaders whom the nation this glorious conclusion of that struggle tain the right of humanity and justice new Dominions whose birthday this is tion, zeal, integrity and impartiality will NEW DELHI. Aug. 13. Let the nation honour their memory in To THE HINDU I wish a continuation and to strengthen world peace. and wish all their peoples a peaceful be not only winning popular goodwill Members of the South India Club, knows and already honours but those under the new regime, of its long re- 1 and prosperous future. and confidence, but also ensuring his own New Delhi, presented a farewell address innumerable heroes who have laboured the rejoicings which freedom has brough cord of service and especially adherence "In the name of my Government and and suffered in obscurity, without count in its train", says Sardar Patel, in a people I recall with great gratitude "In the war that ended exactly two advancement." to Mr. C. Rajagopalachari on the eve message. He adds: to its generous outlook and fine spiri* Your Excellencies' sympathy and friend- of his departure to take up the Governor- of sacrifice and without hope of personal of patriotism. years ago India and her sons played a ship of West Bengal. reward. 'Tor us the fortunate ones who have ship in a period of hardship and obstacle great role and India's representatives MAHARAJA OF PATIALA confronting the establishment of our have been playing an equally prominent Replying to the address, Mr. Rajago- lived to see this day, the hour is one both MR. JOHN KEARNEY PATIALA, Aug. 14. palachari said that but for the fact A UNIQUE REVOLUTION of pride and glory. We are proud to have State, in which you have given full part in the Councils of the United Na- On their attaining, the status of an in- Mr. John Kearney, High Commis- support in the struggle to realise the tions. It is my firm conviction that the there was a certain amount of novelty This revolution which has ushered the brought India to its goal and to acclaim dependent country, bis Highness the Ma- attached to Indians being appointed Go- the glorious results achieved by a long- sioner for Canada, writes: rights and ideals of self-determination." Indian and British people will ever be haraja of Patiala jn a message to thi> birth of freedom for this land is a "On the eve of the historic date found on the same side in the struggle vernors, he saw no reason for all the unique one in the history of the world. sustained peaceful and non-violent people of India says: "August 15 is an jubilation displayed by the audience. struggle under Gandhiji's inspiring lead- August 15. I welcome the opportunity MR. ASAF ALI for freedom and against tyranny in an outstanding landmark in the history of Never before was so great an event of conveying a message to the readers effort to build up a just and lasting In future India, real power would be transforming the destiny of so many ership. Although it must be acknow- (FROM OUR CORRESPONDENT.) India. We are entering upon a new era wielded by the Ministry. He was happy ledged that the goal which we have of THE;HINDO. May the new India wax peace. I personally look forward to the and in a measurable time, India shall millions of men and women consummat- set strong and prosper and make her full, NEW YORK Aug. 15. closest co-operation with the represen- that" Dr. P. C. Ghosh, Premier of West ed with such little bloodshed and vio- reached is not the one that we had tatives of the two new Indian nations take its proper place as an independent Bengal, was one of his oldest friends. out for, there is not the least doubt tha spiritual and material contribution to "After centuries, India resumes her sovereign State in the comity of nations. lence. This is a triumph not of one world order and human welfare." sovereign position as the land of free- and to that richer friendship which pre- "Do not expect any miracle from me," brute might over another but of the spirit there is nothing now to prevent us from dom to-day. It is a day of great rejoic- vails among equals." It is my firm faith that India has a mis- said Mr. Rajagopalachari. "If I do suc- of freedom and humanity over the blind- moulding the future of India in the ing for every Indian national as it will sion to perform, a mission of goodwill, ceed in stopping the violence that is go- ing greed of imperialism. That this has manner we like. It is our glory that we AUSTRALIAN PREMIER go down in history as a day of unequal- peace and universal brotherhood. Indeed, ing on in West Bengal and restoring been possible is due to the inspiring are free to share the fruits of the strug- The following is the text of a message led significance to posterity. It ushers in MISS AGATHA HARRISON India must become an irresistible influ- peace there, the merit should go to Gan- leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, who, if gle with every man, woman and c,hild of greetings from the Prime Minister a new age for the teeming millions of Miss Agatha Harrison, a close friend ence for the elimination of all violent dhiji who has already gone before me any man may be so called, is the Father in this vast sub-continent. of Australia to the Prime Minister c our ancient land of spiritual and mate- of Gandhiji and a leading British advo- conflicts in the world. , to take up the work." of our Nation. He has led us in the non- '•Let us not forget, however, in the India for the occasion of the inaugura rial greatness," says Mr. Asaf Ali, Indian cate of India's cause, writes: "Many Adverting to the future role of Indian Mr. R. K. Shanmukham Chetti, the violent battle for freedom and he has joy of the hour, the stupendous respon- ceremonies on August 15:— Ambassador to U. S. A. in a special mess- tributes have been paid to Indian States, His Highness says that within the prospective Finance Minister, and Dr. shown us the way to make this freedom sibilities and obligations which freedom "I desire to convey the greetings and age to THE HINDU. Mr. Asaf Ali adds: women and those who heard Gandhiji Union of India which comes into exis- Pattabhi Sitharamayya congratulated fruitful in the service of our people. has brought in its wake. Our primary good wishes of the Government and "From this day onwards for all time speak to the large gathering of British tence to-day, there should be no rival- Mr. Rajagopalachari on his new appo- To him we pay our homage. duty if jealously to guard our freedom people of Australia to the Government to come, every Indian national has tie women in London in 1931 will never ries. On the contrary, we must all put intment.—A.P.L 8 THE HINDU, FRIDAY, AUGUST 15, 1947. great India, for building up a nation LATE NEWS "DEVELOP NATION'S DOMINION OF INDIA GOVERNMENT FREE INDIA IS BOEN that will be a nation among nations. GREATNESS" We pledge ourselves to work for a » greater cause, to maintain the freedom NEW DELHI, Aug. 14. -* • (Continued from page 6.) that we have attained. We have great The following is a message from the traditions to maintain, traditions that Prime Minister of the United Kingdom MADRAS GOVERNOR'S CALL wished to raise her intellectual and mo- made India so great in the past. It is to Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru: ral standards. They wished to regene- the duty of every man and woman to My colleagues in the United Kingdom TO PEOPLE rate the whole people. But the small preserve these traditions so that India Government join with me in sending on MADRAS, Aug. 15. among them worked with sinister ob- may hold her spiritual supremacy over this historic day greetings and good His Excellency the Governor oi Mad- jectives. There are those who came here the world. May this flag be the symbol wishes to the Government and the ras has issued the following message who bought and sold. marched and of the great India, may it ever fly high, people of India. It is our earnest wish to the people of Madras on the occasion fought, who exploited and profited. There and serve as a light in the gloom that that India may go forward in tranquil- of the Independence Day.- were also those who tried to raise the surrounds the world. May it bring*happi- lity and prosperity and in so doing, con- "On this historic day, my wife and 1 i country's political status. Those who ness to those who live under its protec- tribute to the peace and prosperity of would like to send our greetings and worked against this country have had tion." the world. good wishes to every man. woman and also their chances. Now while India is child in this Province. We would like, obtaining freedom, she is doing it m a CALCUTTA, Aug. 14. too, to thank our many friends for the manner in which in the hearts of PRESENTATION OF POEM Calcutta and Howrah have been quiet good wishes which we received from people, there is no abundant joy, no The President, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, throughout the day (Thursday), no in- them when it was decided that I should radiant smile in the face of men and accepted with thanks, with the consent cidents being reported upto 8-30 p.m., remain as Governor for the present. We women. of the House, a poem composed specially states a Press Note. assure.you all that we will do every- to mark India's independence by the thing in our power to help make your It is true that some people who are Chinese Ambassador in New Delhi. CALCUTTA. Aug 15. newly won freedom really worth while. responsible for the administration of the After accepting the new National Flag The Governor of West Bengal, Mr. C. "This is a great day in the history of country upset the purposes and tried to preented on behalf of the women of Rajagopalachari and his Council of India. It represents the culmination of I accentuate communal consciousness and India by Mrs. Hansa Mehta, the Assem- Ministers, headed by Dr. P. C. Ghosh, the long struggle for independence car- bring about the present results which bly adjourned to meet again on Friday were sworn in at Government House at ried on over many years; and it repre- is the logical outcome thereof. But I morning. midnight to-day.—A.P.I. sents, too, on the part of the British would not blame them. Were we not Commonwealth, an act without paral- ready victims, so to say. of any kind of INDORE. Aug. 14. lel in the political history of the world. attitude adopted by them? Should we INDIA OFFICE CLOSES The Maharaja Holkar of Indore It is. therefore, right and proper that not correct our national faults and has signed the revised instrument of both nations should rejoice on this day, character. our domestic tyranny, our DOWN accession and the stand-still agreement and that both should take pride in their intolerance which has assumed differ- LONDON, Aug. 14. with the Government of the Dominion great achievements. While the agree- ent forms in the body politic, our nar- At midnight to-day, the India Office of India, states a Holkar Government ment which has been made does not Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Dr. Rajendra Prasad rowmindedness and spiritual degradation? ceases to be even a relic of the past— Gazette Extraordinary published late this represent the ideal that many of us Are we not the victims of these very it simply, yet completely, disappears— evening, would have desired, nevertheless, I firm- faults which are responsible for placing perhaps unwept, unhonoured, and un- The Maharaja announced that his Gov- ly believe that it is the best possible M us into the hands of those who are not sung. So closes down without ceremony ernment in consultation with Dr. M. R. solution. We should all lift up our hearts our friends? Therefore, I should like to or fuss, what was a citadel of authority Jayakar will submit, as speedily as pos- to God and thank Him that so much take this opportunity to tell us that it over India. sible, the proposal for setting up a new has been accomplished with relatively is an attitude of humility that we should This political institution, which has constitution in the State with the ulti- so little strife. m M adopt, an attitude of heart searching. been for three generations the target cf mate object of setting up a Government We have gained, but we have not gained barbed shafts of criticism from India, which will be full representative of the "FREEDOM SHOULD BE USED FOR ; -i •• in the manner in which we wished to has wound up its affairs, and to-morrow people. BENEFIT OF PEOPLE" gain. If we have not done so. the res- the last Secretary of State will proceed The Maharaja has also declared his "At this solemn moment the need for ponsibility is ours. When this p'edge to Balmoral tq hand over the seals of intention of appointing immediately clear thinking is vital. India has achiev- says that we have to serve our country, office to the King. three non-official Ministers in his Cabi- ed freedom. What do we really mean we have to serve our country by re- Lord Listowel will still remain the Se- net who will hold charge of important by such an expression? What is it t t moving these fundamental things which cretary of State for Burma, but mosi of departments like Food, Civil Supplies we are now free to do? It seems to me vitiate the body politic. his staff, including the Publicity Advi- and Labour—A.P.I. important to realise that we are now S#ff>^y ' ser, Mr. Joyce will go to the Depart- free to make India either a bad country •AVOID PASSION" ment of Commonwealth Relations. NAGPUR. Aug. 14. or a good country. We can make India The actual building, elegantly furnish- a paradise for profiteers, black market- So far as divided India is concerned. ed and replete with almost priceless Dr. S. M. Hasan, Minister for Health, my attitude is, 'Avoid words ot anger. has resigned to-day. teers, and tax-evaders; we can allow paintings and other relics of India, vyill bribery and corruption to flourish; we They leaci, you nowhere. Avoid passion. pass on to the possession of the Foreign KARACHI, Aug. 14. can spend our money foolishly and bank- Passion and wisdom never go together.' Office, the staff of which have been His Excellency Quaid-e-Azam Moham- rupt the country; and we can make the The body politic may be divided but the there already as "squatters" on the first med Ali Jinnah has invited the Hon'ble lot of the poor man a miserable one. body historic continues. Political divi- floor for the past few weeks. Mr Liaqat Ali Khan to submit the On the other hand, we can maintain law sion and physical partition are merely Lord Listowel met this evening Incian names of his Cabinet early to-morrow and order; we can deal firmly with those t external, but the psychological divisions correspondents informally at tea. and morning. The selected members of the men however influential they may be are deeper. Cultural cleavages are the bade them farewell.—F.O.C Cabinet will be sworn to-morrow at the whose , behaviour is anti-social; we more dangerous and what we should do Government House after the Quaid-e- can take vigorous steps to main- f cit is to preserve those cultural ties, those Azam has taken the oath.—A.P.I. tain a high standard of public spiritual bonds which have knit this administration; we can spend our money people together into one organic whole. CASE UNDER PAWN KARACHI, Aug. 14. wisely; we can raise the economic stand- The discovery of points of view com- Sir George Cunningham assumed office ard of the life of the people, and im- mon to both communications, defence, BROKERS' ACT as the Governor of the North-West prove our social services. This is what foreign policy, these are things which, Frontier Province on the afternoon of freedom means. We can make what we Sardar Baldev Singh Mr. R K. Shanmukham ChetH Dr. B. R. Ambedkar in the daily run of business, are bound August 14, says a Press Note issued to- will of this country; and it follows, to grow up. It is by developing this idea CONVICTION SET ASIDE day. therefore, that freedom is not n'ecessa- that we can once again regain the lost NEW DELHI, Aug. 14. rily and automatically a blessing. It is unity of this country. That is the only BY HIGH COURT Earlier to-day, the Congress bloc in only good if we use it for the benefit of way. ' MADRAS. Aug. 14. the Constituent Assembly met under the the whole community, carrying out our The question whether a sowcar who presidentship of Sardar Vallabhbhai duties and responsibilities without too .» "To-day our opportunities are great." lent money on interest on pledge of an Patel to elect a leader. Sardar Patel sug- much insistence on our rights and pri- Dr. Radhakrishnan continued: "But let article would be guilty of an offence gested that it was unnecessary to'for- vileges. me warn you that when power outstrips under the Pawn Brokers' Act XXIII of mally "elect a leader as Pandit Jawa- ability, a great calamity will overtake 1943 was decided by Mr. Justice Raja- • harlal Nehru was already their chosen "It would be idle to pretend that us. The opportunity is there. How are mannar at the Madras High Court to- leader. Pandit Balakrishna Sharma, difficulties do not exist. To those who, you going to utilise this opportunity? day, while disposing of a criminal revi- however, proposed Pandit Nehru, which like myself, have spent a life-time in From midnight to-day, we cannot throw sion petition filed by a sowcar against was hailed with acclamation.—A.P.I. administration, they stand out very the blame on the Britisher; we have his conviction and sentence for an clearly, and it would be foolish to sup- to assume responsibility on ourselves. offence under the Act by the Chief Pre- LAKE SUCCESS, Aug. 13. pose that the task which lies before the We must destroy corruption, profiteer- sidency Magistrate, Egniore. Mohmoud el Nokrashy Pasha, Egyp- Government is a simple one. Nothing ing and black-marketing which has Premraj Sowcar. residing in Bazaar tian Premier, to-day called on the could be further from the truth. The spoiled the good name of this country. Road. Mylapore. was prosecuted before United Nations Security Council to problems confronting us are numerous, These things will have to be destroyed the Chief Presidency Magistrate, Eg- order the withdrawal of British troops and often highly complex. They can be if we want to make any headway. more, for the offence of carrying on the from Egypt by September 1. this year. solved neither easily nor quickly, how- I Cheers.) business of a pawn broker without ob- ever able our Government may be. taining a licence under section 18 of ASOKA'S MESSAGE the Act. The prosecution alleged that "WE WILL DESERVE SUCCESS" the accused on February 24, 1945 ac- INDIA'S ARMED "Pandit Nehru referred to the great cepted a silver waist cord on pledge for "It is. I think, of the utmost import- contribution which this country will Rs. S at Rs. 0-8-0 interest and gave the FORCES ance that we should all realise the fac- make to the promotion of world peace amount to the person who had approach- •— tors which will make for success. Many and welfare of mankind. This chakra of ed him with the article to raise a loan people believe that the standing, pros- Asoka, the Asoka wheel, which is there, on it. The accused pleaded that the ar- C.-IN-C.'S MESSAGE perity, prestige and power of a country embodies that great idea. Asoka is ticle was handed over to him for sale NEW DELHI, Aug. 15. turn mainly on such factors as geogra- the greatest of our monarchs. Look at and ultimately it was pledged for a sum His Excellency Field-Marshal Sir phical position, population, climate, I the words which H. G. Wells has used: of Rs. 5. The Magistrate found the ac- ;-3ii Claude Auchinleck, Comrnander-in-Chief wealth, natural resources and the like. Highnesses. Magnificences Excellencies cused guilty, holding that the transac- in India, has sent the following message It is true that all these things matter, and Serenities crowd history. But tion was a pledge and sentenced him to to the Officers, ratings and other ranks and matter considerably, and that some "- »*s •••' among them all, there is only one pay a fine of Rs. 30. Against his convic- of the Royal Indian Navy, the Indian countries have very great advantages Dr. John Matthai Mr. C. H. Bhabha figure which stands unique, shining like tion the accused preferred the present Army and the Royal Indian Air Force: Dr. Shyama Prasad Mukherji a luminary—Asoka the greatest of all revision petition. "On this historic occasion, I wish you over others. But, for my own part, I have no doubt whatsoever that what ul- Monarchs. He cut it into the rock that His Lordship, in allowing the peti- all to know how much I appreciate the timately really counts in a nation and if there are differences, the way in tion and setting aside the conviction, magnificent way in which you have what distinguishes one nation from ano- • 1 which we have tq solve them is through held that the prosecution had not esta- served your country in war and in ther is its national character. I cannot concord. 'Samavaya Eva Saduhu'. This is blished that the accused was a pawn- peace during the four years in which stress this sufficiently. It is this more the only way toy which we can get rid broker and that the Act clearly con- I have had the honour of being your than any other single factor which will of differences. There is no other method templated a person being engaged in Commander-in-Chief. I -thank each one decide whether India is to be wisely or • which is open to you.". the business of taking goods in pawn of you for the cheerful and loyal sup- badly governed, and whether India takes for a loan. It *|£uld not have been in port you have given me, often in times the great place she should or is of no Dr. Radhakrishnan continued: "We are the contemplation of the Act. His Lord- of difficulties. Your country has good account in the world comity of nations. vs', I lucky in having as our leader one who ship further observed, to bring within reasons to be proud of you and to be It follows, therefore, that it lies within is a world citizen, who is essentially a the mischief of its provision any one grateful to you. I wish you all good the power of each one of us to make humanist, who bears a buoyant opti- who casually might take on pledge an luck and prosperity in the future our contribution to the greatness of this mism, a robust good sense in spite of article and gave a loan on it. In this wherever your fate may call you". country. If we are prepared to put aside the perversities of things and hostility case there was no evidence that the ac- personal considerations, the motive of of human affairs. You see the way in cused took the article on pledge. private profit and gain; if we are pre- which his department interfered active- Mr. G. Ramakrishna Aiyar appeared ARSON IN LAHORE pared to place the welfare of our coun- ly and in an admirable manner in the for the accused and the Public Prosecu- try above all things, and to work for Indonesian dispute. That shows that if tor for the Government. • the standards and ideals that we believe India gets freedom, that freedom MILITARY OPEN FIRE in—I repeat "TO WORK"t and not mere- will be used not merely for the wel- ly to shout slogans—then, not only can fare of India, but it will be used GOVERNOR'S SECRETARIAT SEVERAL TIMES we accomplish much, but there is simply for 'Visvakalyan', will be used for MADRAS, Aug. 14. LAHORE, Aug. 13. nothing which we cannot accomplish. If world peace and welfare ; of mankind. Sir Birch Brown. I. C. S., Secretary to The riot situation remained compara- we refuse to be deterred by difficulties, Our pledge also says that this ancient the Governor, has been granted leave tively quiet during the night with fires and above all, if we have faith in our- land attain her rightful and honoured from September 1 for eight months fol- raging in some sectors. There were six selves and in our country, there is noth- place. We take pride in the antiquity lowed by leave for six months and •new fires and two cases of knife-at- ing in this world to halt our progress. of our land. This land which has seen twenty-four days, preparatory to retire- tacks during the night. Cracker ex- nearly four or five millenia of history ment. He will retire from the Indian ploded in Dabbi Bazar, causing no da- "Let us not look backwards into an at- has passed through many vicissitudes Civil Service from the date of the ex- mage. mosphere of controversy and bitterness, and at this moment, she stands, still res- piry of his leave. The Tibbi Police area was greatly let us look forward in a spirit of adven- plendent to strive on for the same great with the departure of Sir Birch, the disturbed this morning, where arson is ture and hope; let us welcome all those ideal. Civilisation is not something ex- Governor's Secretariat as such, it is rampant. The military opened fire kill- who are.prepared'to help, whatever their ternal, solid, mechanical. It is the dream understood, will cease to exist ing one rioter. Several arrests were creed, whatever their political opinions. Mr. Jagjivan Ram Mr. Rafi Ahmed Kidwai Eajkumari Amrit Kaur in the peoples' heart, the aspiration of made. Fresh fires were started in Ba- Let us go forward in a spirit of friendly the people, an imaginative interpreta- and brotherly co-operation, and in the tion of human life and a perception into zar Hatta, Harudkhana and in the vici- end we are certain to succeed, not mere- DR. KATJU IN CUTTACK nity of the dental hospital. We have suffered much, we have under- the mystery of human existence. That is ly because we wish to do so. but because PAKISTAN'S ENVOY what civilisation actually stands for. If CUTTACK, Aug. 14. A serious fire is burning unchecked in we will deserve success.—Jai Hind!" gone many privations, many of us have Bharat Nagar where a large number of lost all that we had, but comparing our TO U.S. we bear in mind this great ideal which Dr. Kailas Nath Katju, Governor- houses have been destroyed. Owing to freedom struggle with the struggles of has been transmitted to us from of old, Designate of Orissa, arrived to-day by difficulty in water supply the fire bri- PRIME MINISTER'S other countries, our loss in life and pro- if we humbly place ourselves before train from Calcutta. He was received gade was unable to function in the perty has been very small indeed—thanks MR. M. A. H. ISPAHANI MAY God and pledge ourselves to the sup- by the Premier Mr. Harekrishna Maha- locality. Troops and police fired seve- BROADCAST to Mahatma Ganahi's doctrine of non- reme task which is to guide and con- tab and the Minister for Education, Mr. ral rounds during the night to scare violence. We have waged our war of BE APPOINTED duct us in a manner worthy of the Lingaraj Misra. The large gathering the rioters. A number of cases of arson MADRAS, Aug. 14. independence without any feeling of bit- great quest of India, we have no doubt which had collected at the station rais- have also been reported from the loca- The Premier, Mr. O. P. Ramaswami terness and our war has been to a re- WASHINGTON, Aug. 13. that the future of the land will be as ed shouts of 'Jai Hind'. Dr. Katju was lity and from Badami Bagh. Reddiar, in a broadcast to-day said: markable extent free from any racial Indian officials said to-day that they great as its one glorious past. Rarlanded on behalf of about twenty On this historic day, when power is have been informed by Ambassador associations. Prominent officials and non- At 1 p.m. the casualty figure was 6 being transferred to the people of hatred. Asaf Ali that Mr. Mirza Abdul Hassan "It is with very .great pleasure that 1 killed and 5 injured and fires were THE TASK AHEAD officials present at the station were in- burning in Mohalla Sathan, Mohalla India, let me convey my respectful greet- Ispahani, a leading Calcutta merchant support this resolution which asks us, troduced to the Governor-Designate.— Sarin, Hune Mandi, Bharat Nagar and ings to the people of this Province. On If we want to retain the freedom and a prominent member of the Mus- as representatives of the peoples oi A.P.I. ______Rang Mahal. this occasion, it is but proper that we which we have won. it is necessary that lim League, would probably be Pakistan's India, to dedicate ourselves in all humi- pay our homage to our revered leader, we snould equip ourselves to run the first Ambassador to the United States — lity—humility, thereby meaning we are Under the auspices of the Coimbatore The situation took a turn for the Mahatma Gandhi, who had led us affairs of our country in a most efficient U.P.A. utterly insignificant and our efforts by District Government Compounders' Asso- worse in the afternoon when some through the path of ahimsa to our goal manner. Ours is a country with great themselves cannot carry us on the long ciation, the first Provincial Government 'workers were attacked in the railway of independence. Let us also pay our natural resources. But unhappily to-day distance. We are merely making our- Compounders' Conference* will be held at workshops after the lunch interval homage to the thousands of martyrs who t is one of the poorest countries in the selves dependent on that other Power Erode on August 27, writes a correspon- Seven persons were killed on the spot laid their lives at the altar of pur world. In spite of the fact that agricul- EXCHANGE OF ENVOYS which makes for righteousness. The dent. Sheikh Ghulam Ahmed, Cantonment Mother India and to the millions of men, ture is our main industry, we are deficit word 'humility' means that we are Magistrate and military soon arrived on women and children who sacrificed for in our food production. We have to rely WITH CHINA humble before the supreme Unfolding the spot, rounded up a number of peo- the cause of the country's freedom. upon foreign countries to feed us. We NANKING, Aug. 14. Purpose which we are called upon to ple and helped to restore order. People My mind goes back to the days when are underclothed and for many of our The Governments of China and Pakis- serve. Let us take the pledge as soon were conducted to their homes under India was free and to the events that necessities in life we have to depend tan have agreed to exchange diplomatic as the clock strikes twelve". (Cheers.) escort. The situation in the area is des- upon imports from foreign countries. representatives with the rank of Am- cribed as tense at present. led us into bondage. It was disunity As the midnight hour chimed, crie** SENTIMENT- among us and the treachery of a few Unless we harness the natural resources bassadors, the Chinese Foreign Office of 'Mahatma Gandhi-kai-jai' and 'Bha- A mob attacked Singhpura. a subur- that first led to foreign invasion. Witness of the country and make our country announced here to-day. ratmata-ki-jai' filled the air. The House Diamonds with flaws are ban part of the city last night and set the episode of Jaichand and Prithviraj self-sufficient, our attainment of free- The exchange will take place to-mor- then stood in solemn silence for two fire to houses. The residents opened as also the history of the fall of the dom will be absolutely useless. row. considered inauspicious Maulana Abul Kalam Azad minutes for those martyrs who had fire on the miscreants and in the mean- Mahratta Empire. Till now ours has been a fighting pro- It is learnt that Mr. Lochia Luen, Chi- fallen in the struggle for freedom. time troops reached the spot and re- The War of Independence of the year gramme, a programme to drive the nese Ambassador in India, and Mr. Thereafter on a motion by the Presi- BAPALAL'S turned the fire, killing two persons. 1857 was waged with much valour and foreigner out and win our political inde- Tsaiei Pin have been instructed to re- dent, the members present took the oath Two mobs collected in Gobindgarh, a with a lot of loss of life. It un- pendence. We should realise that by the But with independence their responsi- present the Chinese Government at the of service to the country. RELIABILITY 6 RESPON- suburb last night and exchanged fire, fortunately failed and left the peo- elimination of the foreign rule, we have bility is greater. I appeal to them to inaugural ceremony of the Dominions of SIBILITY insure you against resulting in the death of 'wo persons. ple with a sense of frustration only removed the obstacles which stood consider themselves as the servants of India and Pakistan to-morrow at New FLAG PRESENTED A big building has been set on fire and defeatism. The torch of fight in the way of our country's progress the people and do their duty with a Delhi and Karachi respectively.— this risk, by guaranteeing you In Dabbi Bazar. Huge columns oi for freedom then lit was dimmed, but After the attainment of freedom we greater sense of davotion. It is their duty Reuter. ' Presenting the National Flag to the smoke which have covered the whole not extinguished. It was 28 years before have to change our entire outlook and to weed out the few black sheep among House on behalf of the women of FLAWLESS Diamonds. city are visible from far off places. he people could just rise up and think train ourselves to the task of the admi- them. To the public I would appeal not India, Srimati Hansa Mehta said: again of freedom and organise themselves nistration of the country so that the to be indifferent but to realise their "In the absence of Srimati Sarojim for that purpose under the banner of entire people of our country may be duties and responsibilities as citizens of JAIPUR ACCEDES TO Naidu, it is my proud privilege on be- A\iuiiiili//4 CENTRAL NURSING the Indian National Congress. The Con- uplifted socially, educationally and eco- a free country and work for the social, half of the women of India to present COUNCIL gress first began in a humble way. but nomically. Unless the common man in economic and spiritual uplift of the coun- INDIAN UNION this flag to the nation through you. I soon its voice became more strident and this country is well clothed, fed and try. JAIPUR, Aug. 14. have a list here of one hundred promi- NEW DELHI, Aug. 13. persistent and it is under its banner housed, our attainment of political free- On this occasion, I cannot but refer to His Highness the Maharaja of Jaipur nent women of all communities who An Ordinance has been promulgated that the country has now achieved free- dom will have no meaning. The real the food position in our Province. There has formally authorised the accession of have expressed their desire to associate by the Governor-General to provide dom. freedom can come only when poverty themselves with this ceremonial. There is acute shortage of food and unless Jaipur State to the Dominion of India.— are hundreds and hundreds of other for the establishment of a Central Nur- The great movement of non-co-opera- and ignorance are driven out of our every agriculturist comes forward to help A.P.I. «ing Council, says a Press Communique. tion was started by Mahatma Gandhi. country. The strong should pot oppress the Government by offering to hand women who would equally like to par- The Civil Disobedience Movements in the weak but try to. elevate him in all over every ounce of surplus stock of ticipate in this function. It is in the fit- 1930 and 1932 galvanised the nation into walks of life. The whole country is in a rice with him, it will be very difficult to ness of things that this first flag that CHIEF PRESIDENCY a strength which it had not felt before state of chaos at present. The effects of tide over the crisis. And so, on this I.N.A. OFFICERS TO BE will fly over this august House should be and the people at last began to realise the partition of the country are telling a gift of the women of India. We have MAGISTRATE occasion, 1 appeal to all the people in RELEASED donned the saffron colour. We have BAPALALS their strength. upon the resources of the country So it our Province to surrender as much grain MADRAS, Aug. 14. The climax in the freedom struggle is the duty of every Indian to re-dedi- as possible as a sort of "ya.ena" on this PESHAWAR, Aug. 13. fought, suffered, and sacrificed in the IMPORTERS OF QUALITY DIAMONDS Consequent on his relief, Mr. S. M. was reached when in August 1942, Ma- cate himself to the service of the coun- day when we attain our independence. It is learnt that Capt. Burhanuddin course of our country's struggle for Hasan, I.C.S.. Chief Presidency Magis- hatma Gandhi first sent forth the call try so that our country may attain the I pray to God that He should give us and Captain Abdul Rashid of the I.N.A. freedom. We have to-day attained our MADRAS.3 trate, handed over charge of his office "Quit India" and it is in the fitness of position which it deserves in the comity the strength to use our freedom for the are to be released on August 15 under goal. In presenting this symbol of free- to-day to Mr. C. D. Venkataramanan. at things that in the same month India of nations. The Services in Madras are good of humanity with courage, fore- the amnesty to be granted to some dorr., we once more offer our services BAPALAL IS BCST BY TEST present Second Presidency Magistrate. should become an independent Dominion. well known for efficiency and integrity. sight and wisdom—Vande Matharam. classes of prisoners.—A.P.L to the nation. We pledge to work for a THE HINDU, FRIDAY, AUGUST 15, 1947.

INAUGURATION OF BROADCASTING: PAKISTAN PROGRAMMES ••• Happy Greetings (Continued from Pace 6) FRIDAiV AUGUST 15 to one and all on this happy :aused even so much wanton damage, !, occasion of our becoming a MADRAS f Dawn of Freedom! father I wish to pay my tribute, and ask EnWV rou to do the same, to those who have [V. U. M. 211m. (i,«o kc/».)]:_as-30 a.m.: 5 free people of Free India. saved Lahore from complete ruin: to the Sujalam Suphalam: Songs pre;fcnted by police and flre services, to the soldiers D. K. Pattammal, T. G. Kamala Dpvl. Sunda- ramma, P. Sri Devi, A. P. Koi pala, V. J. Resurgence of md the civil administration, and to all Varma, K. Mallikarjuna Rao andr music by mblic spirited citizens, who have re- Rema. 6-50: As in Delhi (Mahatnia Gandhi'* MADRAS sisted or prevented the powers of des- Prayer Addresses: Excerpts in ijfindustanil. 1 ruction: also to the many who helped 7-5: RM. (Indian). 7-10: Thai Nejiiu: Bhara- PIECEGOODS MERCHANTS 1; o tend and heal the tragic victims where ti's Homage to the Motherland: Presented by ASSOCIATION. Indian Industry! hese outrages have occurred. T. V. Rathnam and the A.I.R. Theatre Or- chestra. 7-20: News in Tamil. 7-3Ct Swatantm The ide^l of public service which in- Bharatam: Symposia of messagefi 8-0: News spired these men and women, the spirit in English. 8-15: As in Triohy. (fiuddhananda of co-operation and compromise which Bharatiar's Songs). 8-30: As in Delhi (Run- inspired your leaders, these are political ning Commentary in English on' Swearing- . and civic virtues that make a nation in Ceremony at Government Mouse and Freedom and industrial progress great, and preserve it in greatness. I Assumption of Power at Consti pution Hall t. 10-30 to 11-0: Matru Stavam (JSlec. Record- FREEDOM CALLS FOR pray that you may practise them always. ing) Song recital by Pandit Omkarnath are concomitants. In the past we Now the time has come to bid you fhakur. 12-30 pjn.: Sutantira !flina Kondat- CONSECRATED SERVICE [arewell—on behalf of His Majesty's Go- tam in 'famil. 1-0: Pudu Yugami: Programme endeavoured to keep aloft the flag vernment, the King, on behalf of my for Women in Tamil conducted by Sauitri On this auspicious day we pledge :ountry and on behalf of myself and also Rajan, Porri Potri: Bharati Pa-Aal, Sutandira ourselves anew to the publication jn behalf of rny wife, whose thoughts Sudinattil Madargalukku oru "-vazhtu Seldi, of Indian Industry. With the flag of md prayers will be so much with the Muthulakshmi Reddi. (Elec. Recording), Tayin of increasingly better books in the Manikkodi: Pechu by Savitri Bajan, Sutan- service of the Nation. ivomen in Pakistan. dira Chudar: Natakam. Vidudabii! VidudaUi! Indian independence now on mast- This is a parting between friends, who Hasya Natakam and Vetriettu Dikkumetta have learned tip honour and respect one (Recorded). 1-30: News in English. 1-40: As another, even in disagreement. It is not in Delhi (Dr Rajendra Pra^Bid: Talk In head, our endeavour shall be to an absolute parting, I rejoice to think, Hindustani. 1-50: RM. < fhdianl. 2-0: not an end of comradeship. Many of my Talk by Acharya J. B. Kvftwlani (Relay ..«..•• * produce, along with other indus- countrymen for generations were born from Delhi) 2-10: News in I Tamil. 2-15: $^AJ&X— in this country, many lived their lives Youtb Looks Ahead: Progra fiime in Eng- lish presented by the stu'tfants oi the trialists, such goods of quality and here, and many have died here. Some Madras Christian College Sc'b'ool: Produced *-*J&Z2 will remain for trade and commerce; by Kurmilla Jacob. 2-45: HMt (Indian) 3-0 and others in Government service and to 3-30: Sonda Veedu: Play iib Tamil by Ka in such quantity as to make India in the armed forces and they count it an Sri Srt. 4-0: Ata Vidupu: Ji. variety pro honour that they have been invited to gramme for ' Elementary Scha!iparti Picha- GOOD WISHES TO PAKISTAN hari: Nagaswaram. 5-30: Arubnthu Varushatt-i trial world. During the centuries that the British Payir: Feature in Tamil by iJ). S. Krishnaii and Indians have known one another, and T. A. Mathuram. 6-0: Nfcws in English HIND KITABS LTD., the British mode of life, customs, speech 6-10: As in Delhi (Running [Commentary in English on Flag Salutation* Ceremony a1 BOMBAY and thought have been profoundly in- India Gate). 6-45: As in :frichy: (N. C. k WORLD-WIDE SAFETY RECORD fluenced by those of India—more pro- Vasantakokilam: National Soltgs). 7-15: Chak- foundly than has often been realised. ram: Talk in Tamil on the sfnnificance of the Established by the men and woman of May I remind you that, at the time Wheel by T. G Aravamu dran. 7-20: RM when the East India Company received (Indian). 7-30: News iri, Tamil. 7-45: its charter, nearly four centuries ago, Madras Celebrates: An eyef-witness descrip- PAN AMERICAN WORLD AIRWAYS your great finperor Akbar was on the tion of the Independence D;£y Celebrations in AUGUST 15, 1947 throne, whose reign was marked by the City, with actuality recordings, by K. P 1 hose who have travelled by Clipper agree that perhaps as great a degree of political Ramsami, 8-0: M. S. Sub bulakshmi: Vocal. On this Historic Day Pan American Flight Crews «re probably th« best in and religious tolerance, as has been R. K. Venkatrama SastH: Vflolin, K. Ramana- we send our message of «tie world ... But for every flight crew in the air known before or since. It was an exam- than: Mrfdangam and T. (S. Vllvadri Iyer; there are 150 PAA men and women on the ground Ghatam. 8-30: As in Delhi ' (Message in Eng- good will to a ple, by which. I honestly believe, gene- lish by Mrs. Sarojinl NaidiC Talk in English who also terve. rations of our* public men and adminis- by Pandit Jawaharlal Nffliru—Summary in It'« the everlasting team work of every one of trators have been influenced. Akbar's Hindustani). 9-0: News In English. 9-15: these people in the operating Divisions of the tradition has not always been consist- Around the Town: Review iof the Day's local FREE PEOPLE ently followed, by the British or Indi- events by S. Govind. S'*aminathan. 9-30: System tbat made possible this award. THE TOOTH BRUSH FOR YOU ans, but I pray, for the world's sake, B.B.C. news relay. 9-40: ARYAN BRUSH CO., LTD., DADAR, BOMBAY may she continue in friendship with Gitalu by R. Balasaraswa If Devi with Orches- outstanding record. her neighbours and with all the nations tral accompaniment: Son?]?; by Sevtilapalli V. c of the world. KMshna Sastri. 7-30 to ll>0: As in m. w. Cffie Jys/em o/'/U 7/y//y Clipper* His Excellency was loudly cheered t31.3m. (9,590 kc/s.)):-—12-30 p.m.: As In when he resumed his seat at the conclu- m. w. 2-0: Talk by Achrmrya J. B. Kripalani (Relay from Delhi). a-l(fc News In Telugu. Importers of Burma Teak sion of the address. 2-15 to 3-30: As in m. w( 1 1 1 1 1 [41.32m. (7,260 ke/i.)] :_4-0 p.m.: A* Jn •#««#«#taM ha?****** ***** ******* ** **** ** MR. JINNAH'S REPLY m. w. 6-45: Swatantra Bhtham: Play by Dev- A. M. Subbawya Chettior & Standing erect and dignified, Mr. ulapalll V. Krishna ifastri: Featuripg T. Suryakumari, A. Anasuija Devi- •, V. Seetha Bros., Jinnah, dressed in a long closed coat of Devi, C. Padmavati rfcvl and Chantasala OUR HOMAGE TO silk, replied also in measured voice Venkateswara Rao. 7-10; Prakatanalu: Dhara- Timber Merchants, extempore with some notes in his hand. lu, Vatayarana Vivarah't 7-15: News in Telu- Downs oi He said: gu. 7-30: Messages in, Kannada and Malaya- Central Office: THE NATIONAL FLAG th< . "Your Excellency, I thank His Majesty lam. 7-45 to 9-0: As in!m, w. 97-98, Armenian Street, the King on behalf of the Pakistan Con- [60.98m. (4,920 kc/^Tb:—9-15 p.m.: As in G.T., MADRAS The Sterling General Insurance Co., Ltd., stituent Assembly and myself for his m. w. 9-30: RM. (Indifen). 9-40 to 11-0: As in m. vr. Thone: 3070 :: 'Grams: Polestar. with all its staff and Workers at the gracious message. I know great responsi- TRICHY bilities lie ahead and I naturally reci- {V. U. T. 398^/' (768 kc/s.)]:^6-30 a.m.: Head Office: Negapatam. Head Office and Branches. \kk procate his sentiments and we greatly Flag Salutation: Subrfmanla Bharati's Songs appreciate his assurance of sympathy (Electrical Recording).! 6-45: Sutantlrappallu: Importers Burma Teak and support and I hope that you will (Recorded). 6-50: Ganidhiji's Prayer Meeting: & please communicate to His Majesty our (Electrical Recording^. Relayed fiom Delhi. assurance of goodwill and friendship 7-5: Prakatanam: The objectives of Free Messrs. Steel Bros. & Co., STERLING GENERAL India. 7-20: News in; Tamil. 7-30: Messages for the British nation and to him as the from Leaders (Electrical Recording). 8-0: Ltd. i times Crown and head of the British Govern- ment. News in English. 8-1 ff: Trichy Orchestra: Pre- INSURANCE COMPANY, LIMITED senting Songs speciality composed by Suddha- Eng/Kanyin — Squares & Scant- Mr., Jinnah continued: "I thank Your nanda Bharati. 8-3^'r Assumption of power: H.O. : NEW DELHI Excellency for your expressions of Commentary relayed from Delhi. 10-30 to lings— for "Whole of Madras Pre- goodwill and good wishes for the future 11-0: DharmapurarJi Abhtramisundaram Pil- sidency—Best and cheapest among BRANCHES: THROUGHOUT INDIA & CEYLON. lai: Nagaswaram. 12-30 p.m.: Parukkulle local qualities. of Pakistan. It will be our constant Nalla Nadu: (Recwnded). 12-40: Pennulakam: effort to work for the welfare and well- Special Ptogrammi*: for Women presented by »»ww»>w« being of all the communities in Pakis- Marakatavalli Munjgappa. 1-0: Mani Malar: tan, and I hope that every one would Radio Anna greets i the children of Free India. be inspired by the ideas of public ser- 1-30: News in En/sBsh. 1-40: Talk in Hindus- vice, and they will be imbued with the tani by Dr. Rajfjndra Frasad: Relayed from spirit of co-operation and will show Delhi. 1-55: Kotflj Murase: (RecordedJ. 2-0: News In Tamfl. 2-5 to 2-45: Special Indepen- their political and civic virtues which dence Day Frdg-aamme *or schools: Presented go to make a great nation. by pupils of Trllchy schools; The Story oi 'I once more thank you and Lady India's Independence: Talk In Tamil by M. Mountbatten for your kindness and Muthuswamy. 4r30: Chorus. 4-40: Qutan-I- good wishes. Yes, we are parting as Sharif. 5-0: Ganilhi Mahan Kathai written by friends and I sincerely hope that we Kothamangalam fSubbu. 5-30: N. S. Krishnan and T. A. Matjjiuram: Programme relayed shall remain friends. from Madras. B-0: News in English. 6-10: "I wish to say that we appreciate the Relay from Delhi of Flag Salutation, etc spirit in which those in the Government 6-45: N. C. Vaiantakokilam: Recital of Pat- ei service at present and in the armed riotic Songs, 'ft-15: Vira Sutantram: Talk in forces and others have so willingly and Tamil by T. 7 V. Ganapati. 7-30: New» in ungrudgingly volunteered themselves Tamil. 7-45: /Accounts of celebrations re- layed from Madras. 8-0: M. S. Subbalakshmi: provisionally to serve Pakistan. As ser- Relayed from ^Madras. 8-30: Relay from Delhi vants of Pakistan, we shall make them of talks by S^tojini Devi and Pandit Jawa- happy and they will be treated equally harlal NehruJf9-0: News in English. 8-15: In- with our nationals. The tolerance and dependence Celebrations at Trichy. (Electri- goodwill that the great emperor Akbar cal Recordingflr. 9-30: B.B.C. news relay. 9-40: showed to all the non-Muslims is not Relay from fWjlhi of speech by Maulana Abul of recent origin. It dated back thirteen Kalam Azad. 9-50: Local announcements in English. 10-0: M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavatar: centuries ago when our Prophet not Recital of Bhfirati's Songs. (Electrical Record- 1 only by words but by deed treated the ing). 10-30 to ,11-0: Relay irom Delhi of a fea- Jews and Christians handsomely after tuie in English on Independent India. he had conquered them. He showed to A. stirring C^hcvvtae. them the utmost tolerance and regard and respect for their faith and beliefs. The whole history of Muslims, wher- SATURDAY, AUGUST 16 ever they ruled, is replete with those I i . , humane and great principles which )' MADRAS should be followed and practised by tV. U. Mj. 211m. (1/420 kc/«.)]:_7-0 a.m.: WglSTORY tes a way of solving one problem by giviog birtn to us. Sujalam Sulohalam (Elec. Recording). 7-10: "Finally, I thank you for your good A.I.R. Ins.stri linnentalistsl 7-20: News in Tamil. "™ another. ' With the glorious end of India's epic fight for wishes for Pakistan, and I assure you 7-30: S. R. 'Vfenkatesan. 8-0: News in English. that we shall not be wanting in friend- 8-15: RM. ((Indian). 8-30 to 9-30: Mahodayam: emancipation on the #eat day of August 15, will arise a fresh chall- ly spirit with our neighbours and with A gathering of poets: (Telugu). Adhyakshulu: Maharaja iHf. Vikramadeva Varma Garu of all the nations of the world." Jeypore. 1J2-30 p.m.: RM. (Indian). 1-0: enge to e*pio*e and utilize the phenomenal resources of the country Concluding Mr. Jinnah expressed his Mahila S^mavesamu produced .by Andhra thanks for some of the messages of Manila Se.bha, Madras: Swatantrodayamu: in men and material. goodwill and friendship that have been Talk by C. Ammanaraja, Deputy Speaker, received. The first one was from Pre- Madras Legislative Assembly; Jatiya Gitamu Uhis is a change to «6r the pulse. Quickened by the magic of sident Truman on behalf of the great (Chorus): Streelu Bhavi Bharathamu: Talk by Vallattianeni Sitamahalakshmamma, M L. «ieedom, an outburst of far-ranging creative activities will inevitably American nation, the second from A. 1-30: K<»ws in English. 1-40: RM. (Indian). Egypt, the third from France, fourth 2-0: News jtn Tamil. 2-5: A.I.R. Artist: Flute. from Syria and fifth from Nepal, our 2-15 to 3*0^ Siruvar Sudandira Malar; A pro- follow: high human energies, new social and economic forces wiH neighbour. He added: 1 am sure you gramme for children in Tamil conducted by will all join me in expressing our cor- S. Santalaktahml; Script by«P. Rajachudamani; not only march forward but help each other alosg to evoke a pro- dial thanks for these friendly messages Guest ArUlrt: Kothamangalam' Subbu. 4-0: received from these For childnjn in English. Presented by P. C. gressive and vigorous India. that have been Sen. 4-30 t)o 5-0: RM. (European). 5.-30: R. countries." Pattammal? Veena. 6-0: News in English. The Assembly then adjourned sine die. 6-10: Loc;jiJ announcements; weather report ^Transportation is an inseperable part of the distribution system and comnVeTcial news. 6-20: C. S. Rajam. STATE PROCESSION 7-0: Jantrjj Sammelanam. 7-15: RM. (Indian). on which depends the final purport of India's mounting productivity 7-30: New | in Tamil. 7-45: G. N. Balasubra- Long before the arrival of the Vice- maniam: 'iocal; V Sethuramiah: Violin; Pal- and her economic development. Industries baek to the manufacture roy, thousands of citizens had collected ghat T. !«. Mani Iyer: Mridangam and Vil- near the. Secretariat building while vadrl Iyej?: Ghatam. 8-30: As in Delhi—Talk of'mechanised transport are among India's foremost needs. others lined the entire three-mile route in Hindustani by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel. Bandemataram of the State procession, befiagged and 8-40: G. f N. Balasubramaniam: Vocal; V Sethurairjah: Violin; Palghat T. S. Mani Iyer: tlhe key industry,as sponsored by die Hindustan Motors Ltd.- decorated, with arches «nd buntings. Mridangrirn and Vilvadfi Iyet: Ghatam. 8-0: MOTHER I bow to thee! Hundreds of cars began streaming into News in (English. 9-15: Life can be tough: 1. has already carved out for itself an HBOortant niche in oar ovet-ail the Assembly grounds bringing distin- Writing [to Order: Talk in English. 9-30: Rich with thy hurrying streams. guished invitees, even an hour before B.B.C. n/3ws relay. 9-40: Talk in English by transportation economy—along the route from producers to consumers. the ceremony was scheduled to take Rajkum:«i:i Amrit Kaur: Relay from Delhi Bright with thy orchard gleams, place. Thousands of soldiers, sailors, 9-50: S^Vatar.traya Geetalu by P. Bhanumati 3ndia's maiden automobile industry, by extending the country's and airmen. British and Indian, lined with O'^chestral accompaniment. Songs com- Cool with thy winds of delight, posed lie? Mallavararu Visweswara Rao. 10-0: the entire route of the procession. As M. M. Dandapani Desigar with Orchestral lifeline, will help to diminish the gap between the static India tbat is Dark fields waving, Mother of Might, Mr. Jinnah accompanied by Miss Fati- accompaniment. 10-30 to 11-0: Juthika Ray ma Jinnah came in an open Buick, the (As in Delhi). passing and the new dynamic country that is resolutely eraerging. Mother free. crowd vociferously cheered him and raised slogans. The arrival of the Vice- £41jem. (7,260 kc/s.)]:—7-0 a.m.: As in Glory of moonlight dreams, m. w. 7-10: News in Telugu. 7-20: RM. (In- roy and Lady Mountbatten a few mi- diani. 7-30 to 9-0: As in m. w Over thy branches and lordly streams, nutes later was the signal for a friend- [31.28m. (9,590 kc/s.)]:_12-30 p.m.: As m ly outburst of cheers by the crowd which m. w. 2-0: A.I.H. ArUst: Flute. 2-5: News in Clad in thy blossoming trees. Their Excellencies gratefully acknow- Telugi*. 2-10 to 3-0: As in m. w. ledged. [31J!Sm. (9,590 Kc/s.)]:—4-0 to 5-0 p.m : Mother, giver of ease. As in, m. w. Units of the Hoyal Indian Navy and [«.S2m. (7,260 kc/s.)]:—5-30 p.m.: As in Laughing low and sweet! Royal Scouts provided guards of honour m. w. 6-20: News-talk in Malayalam. 6-30: Fori Ihe villages in Telugu. 7-15: News in Mother, I kiss thy feet. and the Viceroy took the royal salute Telo.gu. 7-30: Gulaby Attaru: Short story in to the strains of the National Anthem. Teltigu by Sripada Subrahmanya Sastry. 7-45 Speaker sweet and low! Their Excellencies were received by to f»^0: As in m. w. Mr. Bashir Ahmed, the Secretary of the HiO.98m. 4,920 kc/s.)]^-9-15 p.m.: As in Mother, to thee I bow. Constituent Assembly, and were greet- m.iv. 9-30: RM. (Indian). 9-40 to 11-0: Ai in ed by Mr. Jinnah as thep approached m. iiV. the hall. H M.: Recorded Music. The ceremony at the Assembly lasted HIVM!STl\ MOTORS LIMITED. about half an hour. I ! MR. BHAKTAVATSALAM I INCORPORATED IN BARODA STATE ) MADRAS, Aug. 14. VICEROY LEAVES FOR .Mr. M. Bhaktavatsalam, Minister for RESEARCH IN THE Y"?^ NtOORESS OF MEDICINE Ftii>Iic Works, leaves Madras for Salem on 8. ROYAL EXCHANGE PLACE, CALCUTTA. DELHI Avigust 16. After attending the Mettur OHerriical Workers" Conference at Mettur KARACHI, Aug. 14. tlie next morning, he visits Erode in the tit* Hi The Viceroy and Lady Mountbatten ti fternoon prior to leaving for Trichino- AS* LISTER ANTISEPTICS tt CALCUTTA tt BOMBAY. and their personal staff left Karachi for fl ?ly that night en route to Ambatturai. New Delhi in the Viceroy's York at g >here he inaugurates the Rural centre on 11-40 ajn. from the Mauripur Aero- j August 18. He returns to Madras on Wei&i&i^^ drome. LJ^£"st 19. J 10 THE HINDU, FRIDAY, AUGUST 15, 1947. INDEPENDENCE DAY'S REFORMS FOR ALLEGED THEFT OF >»»»«»»»»»*<»»##*»»*»»*#*»**»»**»#«*»»«»#»»#»»»»»»« SPORTING RACES QUESTION PAPERS REJOICE THE DAWN OF A NEW ERA « SLOW SCORING AT ACCEPTANCES AND ( COCHIN INSURANCE SELECTIONS \ —•— ACCUSED ACQUITTED FREEDOM SPORT CHELTENHAM MADRAS. Aug. 14. Guarantees Protection for (FROM OUR CORRESPONDENT.) ANNOUNCEMENT IN Mr. S. M. Hasan, Chief Presidency Guarantees full Citizenship. Future & Family. POONA, Aug. 14. STATE COUNCIL Magistrate. Egmore passed orders this & Pastime DYER'S STOLID INNINGS The following are the acceptances and afternoon acquitting K. Rajagopal Naidu CHELTENHAM, Aug. 13. selections for the Independence Race Day and Chelliah. former employees in the For LIFE ASSURANCE, Contact Gloucestershire, leaders in the County to be held on Saturday. August 16, the Diocesan Press, who stood charged with Cricket Championship, scored 89 first race starting at 2-15 p.m.: MAHARAJA'S GALL offences of conspiracy and theft of a for the loss of two wickets in reply INDIAN UNION PLATE, Div. II (lm): set of question papers of the S. S. L. C. THE INDIA LIFE BENEFIT ASSURANCE SOCIETY, LTD. to the South Africans' first in- Kurleshwarl 9-1, Here's Luck 9-0, Loyal IPO INDIANS and Intermediate examinations in Feb- HEAD OFFICE : COIMBATORE. Full News 9-0 Maharukh 8-5, Torrent 8-3, Embarka- nings total of 223 runs at the close of tion 8-1. Bahram Khan 7-12, Lalajl 7-12, ruary last. (One of South India's Leading Life Offices). play to-day as (briefly reported yester- Boswell 7-7. Peace Treaty 7-6 and Prima The prosecution case was that there & Pictures day). Donna 7-4. "FOLLOW PANDIT NEHRU'S was a conspiracy between the two ac- The touring batsmen's display was not Selections: (1) HERE'S LUCK. (2) MA- cused to commit theft of S; S. L. C. of Sport b particularly impressive. They had all HARUKH. LEAD" and Intermediate examination question Film topics too rare periods of lively batting. For FREEDOM PLATE, Div. Ill <5f): Oracle (FROM OUR CORBESPONDENT.) papers from the Diocesan Press in the most part, they rather flattered the 8-7 Golden Horn 8-7, Frazia 8-7, Celleste ERNAKULAM, Aug. 14. which they were printed and that, in bowling and there were some painfully 8-7 Her Excellency 8-7, Lady Cleopatra pursuance of that conspiracy, the first 8-7, Moulin Rouge 8^7, And How 8-7, Pad- His HigHness the Maharaja of Cochin slow periods. proposes to transfer all Departments of accused, who was a binder in the Press, The loss of three men before 85 was shaha Begum 8-7, The Shrew 8-7. Kash- stole some question papers from the reached may have led to the careful- mira 8-7, Crepe de Chine 8-7. Jpuette 8-7, Government except Palace, Devaswom, Register as a Regular Rukshmani Devi 8-7. Princess Marnock Police, Jail and State Forces to Minis- Press, and gave them to the second ac- cold cream, ness and some of the brightest hitting 8-7 and Come Again 8-7. ters under the Government of Cochin cused, who sold them to various per- Reader was accomplished late in the afternoon Selections: (1) LADY CLEOPATRA, (21 Act. sons for profit. by Harris, whose 36 included six 4's HER EXCELLENCY. This decision was announced in a The Magistrate held that the evidence and Fullerton, who played himsel* ASOKA CUP. Div. II (lm): M. and B message of His Highness read out in the in the case was not such as would com- vanishing cream (Publisher!: Karturl & Soni Ltd.) in carefully, but showed he could hi 9-1. Georgie 8-12, Raj Doot (late Mulick State Legislative Council to-day by the pel him to the conclusion that the ac- while compiling 35 not out. Shah) 8-11, Tomcat 8-9, Belamina 8-9, Pa- President, 1 »rof. L. M. Pylee. Dyer, who opened the innings for the than 8-9, Flower of Baroda 8-8, Pear] Ma- cused were guilty beyond any reason- repared from the finest and tourists with Melville was the top-scorer hal 8-7, Fast Worker 8-6. Big Pearl 8-3, The message added: "1 will be en- able doubt of the offences with which Banshee 8-2, Hicmet 8-1 and Khilouna 7-10. trusting Police, Jail and State Forces to they had been charged. The Magistrate purest imported oils in accor- with 74, which occupied 10 minutes Selections: (1) M. AND B., (2) RAJ a Minister though in respect of them gave the accused the benefit of doubt short of three hours, included seven no transfer has been made. In practice, 4's. DOOT. and acquitted them. dance with a famous Doctor's FREEDOM PLATE. Div. II <5f): Kesar therefore, 1A11 responsible government CAMP COTS Gloucestershire had two wickets down Girl 8-7. Well Dealt 8-7. Golden Pom 8-7. will be functioning in the State. for 38. but the combination of the two Double Chime 8-7, Lucky Princess 8-7. ENCYCLOPAEDIA formula. Available at left-handers, Allen and Crapp, held ou' Queen's Bess 8-7. Muktl 8-7. Missing Link MAHARAJA'S MESSAGE for the remainder of the day's play. 8-7. Patricia's Choice 8-7, Lakshmi Devi IN TAMIL ^frtrf&Z^ COLD CREAM V. Soobbaroya Cherry & Son, 8-7 and Mah-i-Nau 8-7: (To be ridden by The following is the text of the mes- 236, Devaraja Mudaly Street, The scores: Indian Jockeys, Half Jockeys. Apprentice sage of the Maharaja: P.T., MADRAS. SOUTH AFRICANS—1ST INNINGS Jockeys and Riding Boys. Riders of 30 or ONE LAKH FUND TO BE applied before retiring will more winners to carry S lbs extra—no After neatrly two centuries of sub- Melville b Barnett allowances.) jection, India is going to be indepen- COLLECTED cleanse and nourish the skin, banish wrinkles and keep Dyer c Wilson b Cook Selections: (1) KASER GIRL, (2) MAH- dent to-morrow. It is a remarkable tri- Viljoen b Goddard I-NAU. bute to th«s Governor-General and MADRAS, Aug. 14 The Minister for Education. Mr. T. S. the face muscles firm and young. Nourse c Cook b Scott ASOKA CUP, Div. 1 dm): Truman 9-3. Indian leaders r that the bitterness of the Dawson c Scott b Cook D. Day 9-0. Artistic 9-0, The Judge 8-12. past few yeairs has been forgotten and Avinashilingam Chettiar, has promot- r Harris b Cranfleld Amar Kirti 8-9, Lord Bill 8-5, and Prin- Englishmen and Indians are parting as ed a movement for the collection of <£t«i&*& VANISHING CREAM is good skin food Fullerton (not out) cess Padma 8-3. friends. I hope this friendship will be Rs. 1 lakh fund to bring out an encyclo- Rowan lbw b Goddard Selections: (1) D. DAY. (2) TRUMAN. fostered and friendly association of paedia in Tamil. and provides a foundation for powder application. Tuckett c and b Goddard INDEPENDENCE CUP (6f): Near Image these two gr^at nations will continue Donations from seven persons amount- Mann c Wilson b Cranfleld 9-4, Comet 8-12, Once Again 8-10, Jo Hu- in the international 3eld. In this lies. ing to Rs. 33,000 have been announced The Best People Buy these fresh, pure,beauty preparations Smith lbw b Cranfleld kum 8-9, Aziz 8-7. Futurity 8-5, Himalaya I believe, the cure for many ills the in response to his appeal for funds The Extras 8-2, Find Out 7-13, Romeo 7-12, Paramount world is suffering from. donors are: Power 7-9 and Merry Windsor 7-7. Dr. Rm. Alagappa Chettiar and Raja from all good Stores and Chemists at Rs. 1/8 per pot. Selections: (1) FUTURITY, (2) AZIZ And yet after the rejoicings are over, Total .. 225 we cannot but remember that we have Sir Annamalai Chettiar, Rs. 10.001 each; Bad Legs FREEDOM PLATE. Div. 1 <5f): Begum Mr. V. S. Thyagaraja Mudaliar, Tiruva- SMITH STAWSTREET * CO. IT0. CALCUTTA MHIAY MADRAS LUCKNOW AHRtTSAR KARACHI Do you have sharp, (hooting, burning. Chitor 8-7, Pan Supari 8-7. Nicotine 8-7. parted with a reection of our own people '•chins pains In your less? Do you have Fall of wickets: 1—10, 2—56, 3—85. Janeve 8-7, Kternal Hope 8-7, Blue Lotus in hatred and bloodshed. There is a rur and the Raja of Sivaganga. Rs. 5,000 [dark, ugly bunches ot varicose veins? Do 4—132, S—141. 6—185, 7—198. 8—201, 8-7, Mauretanla 8-7. Maduri 8-7, Royal warning in thite for Hindus and Mus- each; Mr. K. V. Al M. Ramanathan Chet- 'your ankles swell so bad at times that yon 9—201. Flower 8-7, Nafeeza 8-7, Royal Blessings lims. They have been more concerned tiar. Kottaiyur, Mr. Al. Ar. Somanadhan can hardly walk, and can't get your shoes Chettiar, Devakottai and V. T. Veerappa enT These symptoms Indicate that your Bowling analysis: Barnett 10-5-12-1; 8-7, Maha Nanda 8-7 and Fadmini Devi with their past glory than their pre- ifcteod circulation is sluggish, and yon are Scott 10-2-25-1; Parker 6-2-17-0; God- 8-7. sent misery. 1 their mutual social ex- Chettiar, Kandanoor, Rs. 1001 each. certain to feel old and worn out before your dard 28-7-73-3; Cook 25-7-49-2; Cranfleld Selections: (1) MADURI, (2) MAURE- clusiveness is ;» negation of love and time. Korat6n, an Internal medicine and TANIA. the discovery of an American physician, 14-8-42-3. denial of common courtesy to each other. goes to work Instantly to increase blood GLOUCESTERSHIRE—1ST INNINGS COMMONWEALTH CUP (6f): Perivale In the result, this attitude has failed MADRAS ASSEMBLY circulation, thus washing away these trou- 9-6. Priority 9-4, Quality 9-4, Coup d'Etat to engender brotherly or, even neigh- MADRAS, Aug. 13. bles In a natural way, and at the same Barnett c Fullerton b Dawson ... 5 9-0, Irish Right 8-9, Naflz 8-8, Welsh Lass bourly feeling Ibetween them. Hatred Ome helps your kidneys get rid of uric acid, Allen (not out) . ..52 8-7, New India 8-7, Ambush B-7, Flotilla The Secretary of the Madras Legisla- and other poisons that may cause rheu- Neale b Tuckett .. 3 8-6, Mistful 8-6, Morton Daisy 8-6, Part- and disgust towards each other have tive Assembly has notified that conse- matism and other painful conditions. Get Crapp (not out) .. 29 ing Summer 8-6, Wilbod 8-4. Lata 8-4, and grown and the country had to be cut quent on the appointment of Mr. V. V. Keratin from your chemist today under a Taiwan 7-4. up to avoid further bloodshed. If this Giri, a member of the Assembly, chosen positive guarantee ot complete satisfaction EStra .. 0 Selections: (1) NAFIZ, (2) MORTON catastrophe is not going to teach the In- or money back. DAISY. by the Sarvasiddhi General (Rural) Total (for 2 wkts.) ..89 dian, whether Hindu or Muslim to Constituency as representative of the INDIAN UNION PLATE, Div. I (lm): change his attil ude to his fellowmen. Government of India in Ceylon, he has Yalta 9-1, French Prior 9-0, Bhopal Star we have no future as a nation. It is ceased to be a member and his seat has Fall of wickets: 1—13, 2—38. 9-0, Brilliant Sunshine 8-12, Zedai 8-10, only a revolution in the social outlook {Koratoit Bad°Lg* Bowling analysis: Tuckett 9-1-30-1; Oormilla 8-7, Ginger Girl 8-6, Dilruba 8-6, become vacant. Dawson 5-0-16-1; Mann 5-1-18-0; Rowan King's Cup 8-6, Pure Emerald 8-3 and and cultural n egeneration of Indians 4-0-12-0; Smith 3-Q-13-3. Daisy Tripper 7-12. (To be ridden by In- that can change the ominous prospects dian Jockeys, Half ™Tockeys, Apprentice otherwise in stoiie for us. Only one SEPARATE SECRETARIAT Jockeys and Riding Boys. Riders ot 30 or man in India to-day can bring this FOR PREMIER INTER-COLLEGIATE more winners to carry 5 lbs. extra no about. The salvation of our nation lies New allowances.) with Pandit Nehfu, Premier and first MADRAS, Aug. 14. Selections: (1) OORMILLA. (2) DAISY citizen of India. *.fa man thinks of him LEAGUE TRIPPER. A separate Secretariat has been creat- as a Hindu, Muslim | or Christian. He is an ed to assist the Prime Minister in deal- Cream Deodorant MADRAS, Aug. 15. Indian first and ari Indian last. I would ing with subjects coming under his The following are the results of mat- CALCUTTA ACCEPTANCES therefore, request people of India, young portfolio. Safely ches played in the Inter-Collegiate Hoc- and old. prince and peasant, to resolve Mr. M. S. Jagannayakalu, Deputy Sec- key and Football League: AND SELECTIONS on this solemn occasion that they will retary to Government in the Revenue Hockey: Madras Christian drew with CALCUTTA, Aug. 14. follow his lead in every aspect of life Department, has been appointed the Stops Perspiration the Government Muslim College 0-0. The following are the acceptances and and help him by t^istinted co-operation Football: Madras Christian beat Gov- selections with the order of running for the and effort to mak i India the land of Secretary to the Prime Minister. ernment Muslim College 4-2; fourth day's races of the Calcutta Monsoon his dream. I pray Cipd Almighty to give itr 1. Does not irritate skin. Does not At Tennis, the Madras Medical Col- Red Cross Meeting to be held on Saturday, roc dresses or men's shins. August 16, the proceedings opening at '2 my countrymen tide gift to see their CHIEF SECRETARY TO lege defeated the Madras Christian Col- p.m.: faults as faults, ami capacity and will 2. Prevents under-ann odour. Stops lege by 2 matches to 1 on trie Christian to rectify them. In-, this way, we may perspiration safely. College courts. MALTA PLATE (5f): Simoneal 9-9, yet hope to re-unite the two Dominions GOVERNMENT 3. A pure, white, antiseptic, itain. The scores: Veeraraghavan (Medical), Broadcast 9-4, Sherni 8-6, Star Hunt 8-4 MADRAS, Aug. 14. less vanishing cream. and Man-Sarovar 7-7. for the perpetual glory and strength of beat Aryaratnam (10-7), Paranjothi Selections: (1) SIMONEAL, (2) BROAD- our country. ' Mr. K. Ramunni Menon, I.C.S., haf s 4. No waiting to dry. On be used (Medical) beat Dharmaraj (10-7); Dou- CAST. been appointed the Chief Secretary o right after shaving. bles: C. D. Gopinathan and Dharmaraj GANGES CUP, Div. I (llf): Sauchiehall CONSTITUTIONAL CHANGES Government (which post the Govern- 5. Awarded Approval Seal of « (Christian) beat Paranjothi and Rich- Street 9-7, Libras 9-3, Bhai Sahib 9-2, Ha- ment has decided to retain) vice Mr. temational insti- ard Manuel (10-4). bib Begum 9-7 and Military Medal 7-7. As far as our State is concerned, the W. Scott Brown, I.C.S.. proceeding on tute of laundering Selections: (1) SAUCHIEHALL, (2) BHAI rapidity with which events have moved leave preparatory to retirement. —harmless to fab- SAHIB. since my last message to the Council The post of Additional Secretary to ric. Use Atrid MYSORE ALL-INDIA BRAHMAPUTRA PLATE (6f): Clever has compelled me to revise the pro- Government in the Public Department, regularly. FOOTBALL Lass 9-8, Padmini 9-3, Mintbine 8-9, Crai- gramme of constitutional changes in vacated by Mr. Ramunni Menon, has toy a|ar today— gievar 8-9, Fair Music 8-8, General Mont- Cochin. Cochin has acepded to and be- been kept in abeyance. •vxriieb** ol a» MYSORE, Aug. 13. gomery 8-8, Voltaire 8-7, Dev Dasi 8-2, Air come part of the Indian Dominion. In kadiflg dnmliti. The Government of Mysore have now Maid 8-1, and Summer Halter 7-7. my view, it is essential .llor the strength Selections: (1) DEV DASI. (2) VOL- The match between the City Club, Luck- . - > , x v r- r : -- accorded permission to the Mysore TAIRE, (3) MINTBINE. and prosperity of India that all units of now, the League Champions, and the E.I.R. Football Association, to take possession Indian Federation should. as far as pos- Carriage and Wagon team in the second ..{•-•• • •" MOM MEN AND WOMEN USE INDIAN INDEPENDENCE DAY CUP sible, have uniform systems of admi- of the open site situated at the north- Div. II (llf): Alencon 9-4, Complete 8-12, semi-final of the Keelang Cup Football ern side of the Public Offices, Mysore. Nike 8-8, Marrakesh 8-7, Zaruba 8-1, King- nistration. Therefore, I am proposing to Tournament played on August 13 at Luck- The Association is making rapid ar- dom 8-2, Palo Alto 7-13, Sudan Bridge 7-11, transfer all departments except Palace, now ended in a draw, each side scoring rangements to convert the site into a South Seas 7-8, Free Press 7-11 and Sea Devaswam, Police, Jail at id State Forces once. suitable football field and restart the Pageant 7-10. to Ministers under the Government of c'Hr'*I.-.M -!^- ARRID All-India Football Tournament—the Selections: (1) ALENCON, (2) ZARUBA Cochin Act. I will be entrusting Police. With reference to the report of his biggest tournament of the season—early (3) COMPLETE. Jail, and State Forces ,to a Minister statement on the celebration of Freedom THAN ANY OTHER DEODORANT in September next. It is stated that, INDIAN INDEPENDENCE DAY CUP. though in respect of thein no transfer Day, published In THI HINDU of August Trade Enquiries to : Div. I (llf): Theldaken 9-4, Pegasus 9-0. 12, Dr. P. Varadarajulu Naidu points out L. D. SEYMOUR & CO. from this year, the tournament will has been made. In practice, therefore, in a communication that he is not a (INDIA) LTD., be styled as "H. H. the Mysore Maha- Chiltern Maid 8-13, Cyrenaica 8-11, Eungai full responsible government will be 8-9, Marcon Saga 8-7, Antecedence 8-S, functioning in this State. Even during member of the Hindu Mahasabha now and Bombay, Calcutta, Karachi raja's Birthday Football Tournament". Karboo 8-0, Disguised Princess 7-12 and that therefore the reference to him as Madras. —F.O.C. Pack Up 7-7. the last one year all major decisions "the Hindu Mahasabha leader" is wrong. Selections: (1) ANTECEDENCE, (2( connected with reserved subjects were PEGASUS, (3) KARBOO. taken after consultation with the Cabi- DAMODAR PLATE, Div. II (7f): Kom- net. , ' . ' missar 9-4, Guardstone 9-4, Double Scotch M. U. C. 8-11, Lord Mountbatten 8-10. Lira Lass 8-9, These proposals will be'. implemented Kiss Me 8-9, and Injustice 8-1. soon after my Dewan |-eturns from Selections: (1) LIRA LASS, (2) GUARD- Delhi. I hope the Minister) j will carry GOLD CUP HOCKEY STONE, (3) LORD MOUNTBATTEN. out their duties with a vi«-w to estab- DAMODAR PLATE, Div. I (7f): Filbert lishing a tradition of firm, good and effi- FINALS ON 16-8-1947 Now 9-4, Paper Doll II 9-1, Rhodesia 8-9, Fla- cient administration remeriibering that geolet 8-7, Kailash 8-6 and Roxanna 8-5, the Government here siiwld always G. T. 0, INFANTRY, BHOPAL Selections: (1) PAPER DOLL, (2) ROX- work harmoniously and in Jao-operation (BHOPAL FORCE) ANNA. with the Centre and neighbouring Gov- GANGES CUP, Div. II (1H): Pearl Dust ernments. VS. man J 9-4, Rabia 9-4, Red Cardinal 9-0, La Du- barry 8-9, Ajmal 8-3, Warspite 8-2, Sublaw Along with these changes, a Public DECCAN BLUES 7-10 and Girl I Love 7-7. Service Commission will be ^constituted Bully off at 5-0 p.m. Selections: (1) GIRL I LOVE. (2) RABIA. in order to ensure the creation of an efficient body of civil servant*; who will ON THE M. U. C. GROUNDS. carry out loyally and uninfluenced by Rates: As. 5, 10, Re. 1-4-0 & Rs. 2-8-0. CASINO TENNIS party politics the orders of! the Gov- ernment of the day. TOURNAMENT The Departments which tare now transferred to Ministers ar*f Finance, Law and Justice, and the neveSy created INDIAN TENNIS PLAYERS' External Affairs Department. n ISS HIM.. The Maharaja's announcement brings PROGRESS practically the whole machinery of ad- NEW PORT (Rhode Island), ministration under the control^ of Minis- Aug. 14. ters. For the second consecutive day,, The Palace apd Devaswoni Depart- ause ot your breath India's Davis Cup team players, J. M. ments will be administered by the Mehta and Sumant Misra scored a vic- Dewan. tory yesterday in a doubles match at The Dewan will have no scat in the TI l«t the Casino Tournament, defeating Carl Cabinet and a Prime Minister will be Cochel of New York and Sam Match appointed. '•• of San Francisco in the third round in Mr. P. Govinda Menon, Food Minister, r. ft * 1 two sets. will be the Prime Minister in the Inte- The Indian team's victory can be rim Cochin Government. He •orill be ir largely credited 'to a fortunate combi- charge of Finance and ExternaJ Affairs iff- nation of splendid service by the tall, bespectacled Misra and pretty work at BANGALORE ALL-BLUES the net by Mehta. Cochel, who carried the burden for IN FINAL the losing combination in a match BANGALORE, Ai*g. 14. played largely at close quarters, ap- The All Blues hockey team (9ualifiec peared over-anxious to win and the themselves for the final by defea ting tht cooler heads of the two Indian players Bangalore Police by two goals to nil, ir prevailed. They sent innumerable accu- the re-piay of the semi-final tblf even rately placed shots either whizzing ing. in the Bangalore United Service down the middle between their oppo- Club Hockey Tournament, on the' Sulli nents or sharply to the far corners of van Police grounds. All-Blues will mec: the court. It was a well earned victory. Myvop Sports Club in the final ip Sa The results: turday—F.O.C. , Men's Doubles: J. M. Mehta and Su- mant Misra (India) beat Carl Cochel T (New York) and Sam Match (San BANGALORE MUF IMig Francisco), 8-6, 7-5. BEAT RANGERS i BOMBAY, Aug. \JA. MYSORE HOCKEY Bangalore Muslims beat the Rather. MYSORE, Aug. 13. in an exhibition match by~-two goali tr Playing their first match of the sea- nil after a colourless game. They \*ri\ son, the Mysore Gymkhana defeated the meet Trades India in another exhibition WMSfm, local Maharaja's College Hockey XI by game on Saturday evening. 2 goals to 0 last evening on the latter's ground. EXHIBITION TABLE TENNIS \ There was no scoring in the first half MADRAS, Aug. 1| . in which the exchanges ruled even. Thir- An exhibition table tennis match will] be 1 teen minutes elapsed after the change-over held under the auspices of the Madias before Seetharam scored the first goal Port Trust Staff Institute, in the Institkite carrying the ball all on his own. Three Hall at 6 p.m. on Saturday, August 16: I minutes later. K. Srinivasan obtained the The following top-ranking South In second and last goal of the evening off Players have accepted to take part in 1 te the peoplrt of India am rakistnn. - a centre from Seetharam. exhibition games: V. Sivaraman, C. $2. Rajan, I. Arjunan. Krishnamoorthy ami Panchapakesan and Miss Ponnamma Rama- The death was announced on August 11 swamy and Miss Rukmani. ' COLGATE-PALMOL1YE (INDIA) LIMIT at Bournemouth (England), of General Sir The programme will consist of Menjs Walter Stewart Leslie, Adjutant-General, Singles, Women's Singles, Men's Doubles India, between 1932 and 1936. He was 71. and Mixed Doubles. • THE HINDU, FRIDAY, AUGUST 15, 1947. II •++*r+++**+»+++r»*+r»+**»* Only th« right wlog national leadership develop now, will Be the immediate es- THE COMMUNIST defends it as a necessary stage In our STATES' PEOPLES tablishment of full responsible govern- onward march. They are blindly deny- ments in the States and the forging of ing the active role that this tradition of AND THE FUTURE organic and vital links with the Union. ON THIS MOMENTOUS OCCASION WE OFFER FIREBRICKS PROGRAMME fifth column of British Imperialism will The States should thus gradually as- play U we let them exist as autocrats sume the character and the position of OUR CONGRATULATIONS AND GOOD WISHES FOR A1J. PURPOSES Full Share in Tasks over their subjects and are welcoming Objective of Struggle the other units conforming to them in ; Used by the Railways in S. India them or their nominees inside the organs their internal structure and differing STERLING PRODUCTS INTERNATIONAL INC. of the Day of the Indian Union. They will act as from them only in on* respect and Applji to: spokesmen of British Imperialism and By OWARKANATH KACHRU that being that the head of the States 120, ASTOR STREET, NEWARK, N. J., U.S.A. ' THE KOLAR 6RICKMAKING By P. C. J08HI seek to jnodify our foreign, military and or State unit may perhaps be a Euler. economic policies in the interest of their VXfHAT will be the character and the Even ordinarily the ultimate evolution COMPANY, LIMITED. On, August 15 th« Communist Party " objective of the States people's Manufacturers of of India will, together with the'rest of masters. Their territories will be outside movement in the New India? This is anof the States as the units of the Indian Marlkuppam P. 0. Mysore State. our countrymen, participate in the na- the scope of any serious all-India plan imponant question at the moment be- Union like the other units should be Phillips' Milk of Magnesia tional rejoicing, salute the National and instead open to the British capital- cause unfortunately the status of the regarded as the ultimate result of the Flag, as the Stats Flag, greet the instal- ists and trade penetration, thus weaken- States people is still vagua and unde- growth of the Indian Union. Factors of Phillips' Milk of Magnesia Tablets lation of the National Government and ing and endangering the Indian eco- fined. geography and economics accompanied Phillips' Milk of Magnesia Tooth Paste the Constituent Assembly free to create nomy. The mantle of "patriotism" that To-day, the 15th of August, India has by other factors like the considerations the structure o£ Indian Independence they so cheaply win by entering the attained full Dominionhood and a year of internal security and growth, de- Phillips' Milk of Magnesia Face Cream based on just and democratic princi- Union is used by them to organise a hence or a little earlier she will have fence and international solidarity and ples. The Nation will pay its tribute to more ruthless campaign against their inaugurated a consiitution of her own above all the mass popular urge for Watkins Mulsified Cocoanut Oil Shampoo the martyrs of three generations of our people whose very pressure forced them making—the constitution of the Repub- unity will at no distant date constitute freedom struggle, soldiers, sailors, work- inside the Union, what has been aptly described as the California Syrup of Figs Bleeding Gums lic of India. The promised day has at coercion of events. ers, peasants, students and common citi- The Communist Party has been orga- last arrived and the thrill of freedom Watkins Glostora an early dangerous sign of Pyor- zens, names that have become legendary nising and supporting the people's and liberty fills every heart! For the rhoea,' starting 'with -drops of Pus, and all those unknown whose supreme struggle inside States and will redouble first time in many centuries Indians will GATHERING STORM Double Danderine salivation, foul breath and finally sacrifices have made this day possible. its efforts with a clearer vision that the attain the sovereign status that will give The Indian Princes would therefore loose teeth The germs from the Pus All fighting forces of the Nation will re- States peoples' struggles to liquidate them the necessary strength and security be compelled to come to terms with get- a&sorbed into the system and call with justified pride the part they princely autocracy and for democracy to shape their destiny and plan their their people. Refusal to do so would cause Head-aches, stomach troubles, have played in forcing imperialism to will help to liquidate future British own progress and growth. only harm them. They cannot stand Rheumatic Pains, General weakness retreat and enabling the Nation to ad bases inside our land, extend the fron- But what about the Indian States? against this mass upsurge and senti- and many other diseases. Saigal the vance to its present position. tiers of Indian Democracy, and make What will be the position of the States ment any longer. Up till now they were gum Solution is a powerful and most The Communist Party is firmly of the Indian unity real. Their battles are not or their people in this picture of a free secure because the British bayonets effective Scientific remedy which opinion that it will be mocking at the only their own but also ours and they and independent India? It is true that were always there to prop them up on acts by destroying the germs. It is a .memory of our martyrs and deluding look to the rest of us for support. The the British Imperialist hold over the their positions; but the position now is tried remedy'for all dental and gum ourselves if we believe that the great Communist Party will spare-no effort to country has been withdrawn and that very much different. Accession to Do- troubles,-used »nd endorsed by most struggles are over, that we can rest on win them over broadest support. the States would also become free; but minion without recognising the sove- noted Hbspitals and medical men our oars awhile! In fact the most deci- People look with hope to August 15 what is tne share of the States' people reign political rights of their people Price Bs. 2-6 sive and critical period has opened just to begin an era of national reconstruc- in this freedom that we have won? Have may not constitute much of a strength. Ask your Chemist or now. India is yet a Dominion, not an tion, liquidating the heritage of British the 10 crore States' subjects also become For after all the position of the Domi- Independent Republic, part of the inter, imperial rule and building a prosperous free? What is their position? nion Government is not the same as APPAH & C0.5 national, military and economic system and happy future for themselves. Na- The position in the States, however, that of the Government that protected or of British Imperialism. Every form of tional aria Provincial Governments pro- is considerably different and must be them so long. The States' people would pressure and persuasion is being used mise it and call upon the people for co- understood in all its aspects before an thus be in a much stronger position to BAPUCH1 PHARMACEUTICALS, by imperial statesmen to show the "ad- operation. In spite of the grim reality estimate is made of the new forces and fight the Princes, now shorn of the l857-1947...Ninetyyear* 378. ESPLANADE. MADRAS vantages" of staying inside their Com- nothing has been done so far except factors which will inevitably be gene- support of the Paramount Power. monwealth and the dangers of "isolat- appeasing vested interests who on the rated, in the wake of Indian indepen- ed" Independence. The Indian Princes one hand are struggling their hardest dence. It must be understood at the The rumblings of the gathering of toil, sweat, and tears... are pressing for it and so are their new to perpetuate the existing social order very outset that the States have been storm have in fact begun to be heard allies, Indian Big Business. Highest Con- and on the other getting Into alliance treated and recognised as separate and from Kashmir, Hyderabad and Travan- of lathi, bullet and bomb gress circles at New Delhi are debating with British business and mortgaging distinct entities, legally and politically, core; and the day may not be far off the issue behind doors; so is the League our economy for their selfish profits. in the body politic of India. This posi- when the storm against the autocratic have ended in glory. Let leadership. What the Nation debated in The national movement stands commit- tion, unfortunately has had to be ac- Princely rule will gain momentum. The. the late twenties and finally settled at ted to the principles of a democratic cepted notwithstanding the fact that the people of the provinces now freed from CHINAWARE the historic Lahore Congress in 1930 can- economy. One can begin with the fam- people of the States are also Indians their main political pre-occupation- us cherish the memory of not be allowed to be compromised and ous Karachi Resolution, wade through and have during the last many years struggle against the British—would betrayed in 1947-48 during the coming the notes of the National Planning Com- shared with their countrymen in the also tend to lend active support to the all those brave patriots Cups, Saucers, Teapots, Indo-British negotiations. mittee and just recall the last election Provinces the national urge for freedom States people's movement. Is it, there- Mflk Jugs, Piyallys, Foot- manifesto of the Congress. and independence. With the lapse of fore, too much to say that the Indian who laid down their lives The Communist Party will rouse the Parampuntey the States therefore revert Princes would greatly increase the ed Bowls, Stone Jars, vigilance of the nation to the dangers ECONOMIC CRISIS back to a position Which legally and chances of their survival if they rea- Porcelain Toys, Electri- ahead and wholeheartedly ally wife all The unprecedented economic crisis technically has now come to be accept- lised the signs of the time and recog- so that India can live truly anti-Imperialist elements to facing our people, the spectre of famine, ed as tantamount to sovereign and in- nised the sovereign political rights of - cal Goods, erisure: Firstly, that the Constituent As- soaring prices, scarcity of everything, dependent. Geographical factors accom- their people? sembly boldly goes forward with its Ob- blackmarket all round are a living con- panied by the force of circumstances (Standardised and also jectives Resolution and creates the demnation of existing vested interests will thus be the only compelling factors according to required structure of an independent democratic who control Indian economy to-day and which will tend to exercise power- We regret to announce that owf specifications) republic and the Indian Dominion calls for their complete elimination. We ful influences for the entry of States remains no more than the barest tem- either boldly change the existing Bri- E Cluco and Monaco biscuits will porary transitional stage. Secondly, the into an organic relationship with -the .' tish-created social order or rapidly sink Indian Union. b« out of production until th« economic treaty with Britain must be under famine, pestilence, unemployment V % CENTRAL GLASS based on the principles of mutual co- and degradation. The situation brooks no SERIOUS HANDICAPS wheat situation improves. Ia operation and mutual interests as delay. The Communist Party gives flesh The Government of India has thus '** s equals, ending India's status as Britain's and blood to the pledged programme of started functioning with serious handi- the meantime please ask for our. HtPy£TRIES, LTD, V * j. economic colony and respecting India's the national movement when it demands caps in respect of the Indian States. No i » jrw (Pottery Department) right to Independent economic develop- that the Centre and Provincial Govern- doubt 'that the position is partly of their : r " \ ' - Barley biscuits. ment. Prompt payment of our sterling ments sharply break with vested inte- own creation, but that is another matter 7, Swallow Lane, Calcutta. must be guaranteed to enable us to plan rests and denounce their guilt to the and can be dealt with separately. It -, •-'« and industrialise our country and all people and together with all popular was perhaps, therefore, necessary that efforts of British monopoly capital to organisations formulate and carry out a the terms offered to the Indian Princes extract concessions and get. into a posi- five year National People's plan abolish- should have been such as to induce them tion to control the Indian economy must, ing landlordism and giving land to the to accede to the Dominion and the be decisively defeated. Thirdly, India tiller, nationalising key Industries and Union. It is, however, permissible to Eil must not remain a military appendage ensuring a living wage, etc., to the argue that the terms offered to the Gluco & ,of British Imperialism through any new working class that will build the India States for accession and the arrange- form of "British aid for Indian defence." Of our dreams through the efforts of Lose Tat The Defence of India can and will be ments arrived at earlier in the Negoti- IISCUITS our own people which they can measure ating Committees fell far too short of guaranteed by a rapidly nationalised in terms of their own growing welfare. ••ml M*th*4 DteMvmd By and thoroughly democratised Indian the expectations of the States' people HtUyw»e4 Ctaraw «*«• *•• armed forces themselves. It is British Our people of Madras Province with and may even be regarded as amount- militarist slander that India's soldier eight ounces of rice ration and five yards ing to their betrayal. But the central Obtainable at ObvmUU sons cannot do their job, that they of cloth per head know it better than fact of the situation remains and that is A mate. «ecret method o*'"^.S^Offf themselves are Indispensable. India shall any other part of India, in their own that the Government faced with vari- flthas been discovered by a <3«««ro* homes, that change must begin here and ous serious internal difficulties and not be really independent with British certain disintegrating forces could prob- ?o?Sy? Sued FoiWU aulclriy and Generals controlling our armed .forces, now if the people are to live. The Com- Safely ^solves ugly fit. .*J™Od* with Britain having bases in our coun- munist Party will offer full co-Operation ably not afford to be strict with the Stimulates health, energy, and an ath- States particularly when the Princes letic figure, »o that you look and feel try, with India militarily linked up with to every measure Government takes to 10 veara younger. Formode la jmar- the '"Empire Defence Scheme.'' All this save, feed and clothe the people. Again, were generally in a recalcitrant mood. int«S^ to BlTm you «atl»faetorily Lord Mountbatten and Lord Ismay the common people of Madras Province Besides it was too late to think of be- anteed . K> """a * „».,_ nf emntv sought to achieve during their last know it better what mighty popular ing strict. The Congress could certain- year's stay and all this is just what we pressures are needed before the Minis- ly have taken a strong stand on the have to prevent at all costs in the name try will take such effective measures. States issue at the time of the Cabinet yojrouu . rer of "our own Independence. The hungry and naked of to-day rightly Mission.' They could have insisted and refuse to be satisfied with wordy '"sym- with ample justification, on the States' Foniwde Insida our national movement, not pathy" from the. "leaders". They are people also being accepted as part- one is proud of the existence of the In- our proud people. Appeals for patience ners in the historical discussions. But f ff !gtf dian Princes Inside the Indian Union. only makes them desperate when they that was not done. Having thus ac- Mi see hoards of Jenmies, Mirasdars and cepted the Princes and their Govern- 111 Zamindars and the profiteering of capi- ments as the representatives of the talists. States the way was thus made clear for Til the reactionary elements to play their The Communist Party has been the role. The League^Princes axis soon first to warn the Nation against this became a reality and this formidable deepening crisis and in the coming days combination soon set to their task of IJ£ m its voice will be loudest in demanding wrecking the Cabinet Plan. real war measures against these ene- However, the axis between the mies of the people and its efforts most League and the Princei had thus to ceaseless in organising the broadest be broken. It could be done by two people's mobilisations for democratic methods: either by strengthening the measures here and now. States people's movement thereby COMMUNAL TENSION creating condition* in the States which The year-old communal civil war, par- would compel the rulers to retreat tition of the country and communal ten- from their positions and come to terms sion everywhere is the legacy of British With their people or by offering them ruler* when they are transferring power terms which would lure them into ac- tfi to the Congress and League Govern- cepting .. a position within the frame- rmmm. ments. The Communist Party firmly work of the Indian Union and the believes that the cause of Indian unity Constituent Assembly. The Congress, can and must triumph and works for perhaps due to the circumstances, the same in new conditions and in every accepted the path of least resistance way. We demand and work for close and and offered the Princes the terms friendly co-operation between the twowhich they were in a frame of mind ifistn ors to States. The needs of th« defence of to accept. Hence the 50-50 bads for re- Pakistan and Indian Union demand the presentation in the Constituent Assem- closest military alliance between the two bly and the terms now offered for their States. We work inside both parts for accession to the Union. ensuring communal peace through vigor- The next point to be considered now lift 111*1 T ous defence and active guarantee of all is the actual position in the States the just rights of the minorities. Above as it is likely to develop in the near all when we fight for building internal future. •• democracy inside the Indian Union we Most Of the States have now agreed are inspired with the living hope that to join file Dominion and the Consti- the liquidation of landlordism and na-tuent Assembly. They are thus parts tionalisation of Industries here will Ins- of the Dominion of India and would pire the common people there to fight no doubt be the parts of the Indian for similar things there and the growth Union i| the fullness of time. They of the common people's movements wed- are thus subject to the Central autho- ded to fight for democratic advance wiE rity of the Government in respect of not only solidly unite Hindus and Mus- the subjects transferred by them to the lims in both parts but pave the path for Central authority. Internally, however, a final reunion. Fraternal relations bet- they sre* independent and have no legal ween the two States, justice to minori- or constitutional binding to model ties within, struggle to establish inter- their internal administrations on th» nal democracy are three planks that will framework laid down for the other lay the basis and lead to the reunion of Units. In short the States still continue the country. to be as autocratic and irresponsible as they 'Were at the time of the Cabinet All the strength of the Communist Mission's! arrival in this country. n, Party will go to fight shoulder to shoul- This, state of affairs thus brings to M DS der with the national movement for the a head the Internal conflict within the realisation of complete National Inde- States and gives another point and padence, building democracy for our direction1 to the States people's move- people and establishing fraternal rela- ment. With the increasing volume of tions between the Indian Union and the Indian freedom and opportunities fill FIFTEENTH if AiiUSf / er greetings to the Paikstan and throwing our full weight of constructive and creative work inside the UNO against the Anglo-Ame- there will naturally grow a correspond- Till Itlliitli III FORTYSEVE rican Imperialists and with the demo- ing sense of conflict between the Prin- cratic forces headed by our great social- ces and their people. pie of the Union of ist neighbour, U.S.S.R., for world peace, before in history waa the world, V liberation of Asia and free co-operation TWO ASPECTS OF STRUGGLE li turmoil as it is today, Trus, the /5| as equals among the peoples of the The people of the States would na- u;, ended bat discontent and want /&3d ia and Pakistan on this world. On the day of national triumph turally like to be liberated and while we will point out the pitfalls ahead and they 'may accept the Princes as the o;nng, Yet,

economic boycott was also telling in th nute modern significance and all- very heart of Britain, in the cottoi comprehensive acceptance, Dr. Iqbal,1 centre of Lancashire. It was the firs GREATNESS OF seems proud and provincial and Tagore FATHER OF THE big effort of the country under Gau aloof and anaemic. dhian auspices to overthrow the foreigi Bharati belongs to the central tradi- yoke and the moral and political pres BHARATI tion of Tamil literature; in no sense is sure exerted upon the rulers may bi he a freak or a rebel. "Wine and fire and NATION gauged by the fact that the Rebel an wind and the wide expanse of heaven- the Viceroy were closeted together soo CONTRIBUTION compounding these together, our after, in friendly negotiation. lucid Tamil poets make their sweetest India's Debt to Mahatma The resultant Round Table Confer TO CULTURE songs," he says; and applies the dear, ence—the second one of its kind—di familiar words and figures and tunes to not fulfil the hopes entertained by th By PROF. K. SWAMINATHAN the live new themes of to-day. If Liberty and Mother India and Mother Gandhi country. But it gave Gandhiji, who wen CUBRAHMANYA BHARATI, who died as the Indian Congress's sole delegat( w Tamil were new additions to our pan- /"IN this day of joyful liberation from pel of Swadeshi, the khadi programme, to the Conference, an opportunity t in 1922 in his 38th year, would be 64 theon, so in their time were Siva and v foreign rule, it is no wonder that non-payment of taxes, surrender of present India's case to the average Eng if he were alive to-day. It is too early Sakti, Kumaran and Kannagi. The true all minds turn in veneration and grati- titles,, boycott of law courts, legislative lishman and to the "world. Gandhiji toll yet to assign him his due place in Tamil poet exploits and, with the willing col- tude to the little old man of Wardha councils, Government schools and func- the Indian story, simply but uncompro literature or in world literature. His laboration of the people, expands his the one man, who more than any other, tions and all the rest of the Gandhian misingly. His genial personality, hi contemporaries—V. O. Chidambaram country's mythology. The poet is no has been the author and architect of technique of direct action were accept- good humour, outspokenness and ob Pillai, P. S. Nelliappa Filial, T. V. Kalya superior birth, but a man among men; the freedom that it is our good for-ed and approved. In that session, it vious friendliness for the English peo nasundaram Mudaliar and Desiyavinaya only, he is more quick and sensitive in tune to celebrate to-day. Gandhiji has may be said, the Gandhian era in Indian pie, as different from the imperial sys karr. Pillai—spontaneously welcomed and apprehending, and more bold and happy been the country's trusted pilot and history was born. tem—all these won for the Indian a new followed his modernity of outlook and in articulating, the changes in the gene- esteem and understanding and focussed simplicity of style and younger men like ral mental climate. And he and his peo- the dictator of its premier political ple together, in some golden epoch of organisation, the Indian National Con The new creed had earned recogni- the world's attention on the just de Suddhananda Bharati, Ramalingam Pillai tion, but the new weapon had yetmands of the Indian people. and Bharati Dasan were proud to call history, create new gods for love gress, almost continuously for a period many a trial to face. The amorphous him Master. He opened a new epoch in and worship and service. In Bha- of three decades—but the dictator has Indian masses, that raw material of our To seek to assess individually the re our poetry. His-prose still remains little rata Mata's "Palli Ezhuchi" and been not a tyrant, but a father—the history, could not be converted over- suits of each of the many campaign known and little used. "Sacred Dasanga" we watch an beloved Bapu. His leadership has per- night to the mighty discipline that non- that Gandhiji launched would be to old. outworn convention filling with meated every phase of the people's life violence in direct action demanded. miss the cumulative achievement of Bharati was occasionally a propagan- substance and coming to life again; and —moral, social and political—and has Gandhiji withdrew his first Civil Dis- Gandhism as a whole. Lord Willingdon, dist in verse, an improvisator of simple like Madeline who hoped to see the transformed as it were a nation of obedience Movement in haste, because the then Viceroy, apparently crushed songs in popular tunes in furtherance figure of her lover in a dream and timid slaves, grovelling under the violent scenes had broken out at Bom- the Civil Disobedience Movement tha of public causes. His few parodies and beheld before her waking eyes young foreign heel and beset with a corrupt, bay, when the Prince of Wales landed was launched soon after Gandhiji'g re personal satires have had their vogue and Porphyro in flesh and blood, we rub our anachronistic social order, into a dyna- there. It is one of his greatnesses, that turn from the Round Table talks. Bu are best forgotten. But the proportion of eyes and thrill with rapture. The real mic and disciplined force for self-asser- in the face of defeat, lzzat did not pre- in jail or out of it, each succeeding genuine poetry of permanent literary merges in the ideal and history and tion. He has re-kindled in a torpid vent him from owning it, nor would he step in his political career was a step value is. even in Desiya Gitangal, as geography in vision: for verily the name generation a passion for freedom and forward. tonishingly high. In centuries to come I of our Beloved is music: holy her moun- social justice and a sense of self-res- compromise on his principles for rea- may well be that the followers of T.K.C tain, river and city; and her drum-beats Ljreetings to Jou -• pect that it had all but lost. sons of political expediency. It was this In 1934, he again retired from the (the founder oj aesthetic criticism in proclaim the triumph of Truth and basic honesty of the man and his in-Congress, after calling off Satyagraha, Tamil) will study Bharati's National Righteousness. The notable contribution that Mahat- sistence on non-violence as the sine qua but though officially out of it, his finger Songs as "the occasional verse" of the ma Gandhi has made to India's freedom non of Satyagraha that also made him was always on the pulse of the nation immortal author of Kuyil and the In Bharati's love of Tamil as in his struggle is writ large across the last call off his next campaign in 1921 in and when the short-lived experiment in Kannan songs. But those who see nothing love of India there was nothing narrow IHE PEOPLE OF THE DOMINION OF three decades of our turbulent history. Bardoli taluka in Gujerat. After the office-acceptance , came to a fitful end wrong in the direct didacticism of our or fanatical." He dreams of boating in And yet. when he came back to this incident at Chauri Chaura where an with the outbreak of war, Gandhiji was traditional poetry and believe in "poetry moonlight on the Indus, in the company country, on a January morning in 1915, angry mob lost control and burnt a few there to take on the reins. Even while for life's sake" rather than in "poetry for of Kerala damsels and singing sweet after twenty years of trial and ''Expe- policemen in their fury Gandhiji con- in office, Gandhiji was the mentor and poetry's sake", may pause at this turning Telugu songs. His nationalism was no INDIA riments with Truth,'' though many felt fessed to have made "a Himalayan mis- guide of the Congress, who canalised point in our country's history to ask fend soul-destroying fever; it respected and that a new kind of leader had arrived calculation." He again owned defeat- the activities of the ' Provincial Minis- answer the questions: "What does Bharati reconciled the supreme claims of the on the Indian scene—a man to reckon to the short-sighted exasperation of tries on Gandhian lines. His basic pro owe to India? And what does India owe individual for self-realisation and of all with—his novel doctrine was prone to even his followers—and sought to atone gramme ?f Khadi, Prohibition, rural re to Bharati?" For Bharati deserves as con- mankind for peace on earth and mate- be regarded as but the eccentric vision for the violence with a penitential fast. construction and above all—the remova: spicuous and honourable mention in any rial happiness. He prays to Saraswati of an impractical person. But his early of untouchability formed the major con general history of India as in the history for sweetness and light for every Indian skirmishes with organised power in CONGRESS AND COUNCIL ENTKY cern of the Congress in office. of Tamil literature. in every home in every street in every South Africa had already given him village; and in the very next breath To-day heralds a new that iteadfastness of purpose and in- With Ms historic trial and Incarce- The end of the popular Ministries The claim of Shelley—that poets ar< prays to her for the same rich gifts flexible confidence in the purity and ration for sedition in 1922, Gandhiji with the onset of the war, the Individua the unacknowledged legislators of the for Huns, Greeks, Japanese, Chinese, itrength of his means to match the apparently passed out of the political Satyagraha of 1940 that he had con- world—has always been conceded in Persians, Turks and Egyptians. For Bel- era in the history of justice of his ends. He had already ac- scene. When he was released after two ceived In characteristic fairness to anpractice by the cultured peoples of India gium defying Germany, like a gipsy girl quired the self-knowledge and convicr years for reasons of health, the Con-opponent In trouble, the Cripps Offer and China, whose simple lives are regu threatening a tiger with a winnow in India — an era which tion necessary to be able to enlarge on gress was inclined to toy with the so- and the subsequent "Quit India" Reso- lated, and whose simple annals are mark her hand, for the fall of the Czar before his doctrine. And in less than four called Swarajist programme of wreck- lution of August 1942 are recent history. ed, by plenty of poetry and little legisla Communism, like Hiranya's before years after his arrival in India, he had ing the constitution from within the It is common knowledge, how in spite tion. Bharati, who in his nonage wrote Narayana, for Mazzini's self-dedication, we of the Borden Co., arrested the nation's attention, captured legislatures. Gandhiji true to his funda- of his endeavours to place negotiations under the pen-name of "Shelley-dasan", for the Love of Jesus and the Peace of the leadership of national politics and mental creed, retired to his ashram, to before direct action, the Government asserted this claim, not only in the serene Allah, he finds the right poetic measures routed the "old guard'' of Indian na- meditate upon and perfect his philo- plunged the country into an orgy o realms of religion and family morality, and figures, just as he does for Tilak and New York, hope and tionalism, the Besants and the Pals, who sophy, followed by his band of 'no- violence by precipitate repression. And but in the grim fight for social equality Lajpat Rai, for Sivaji and Guru Govind could not see eye to eye with him and changers". They had to bide their time, that last battle for freedom was per- and national independence. He accepted Sister Nivedita as his •were inclined to regard him as an im- because the nation was not yet ripe for haps his most trying experience, for "Guru" for the gospel of the New pray will be an era of the super-moral ordeal of Satyagraha. confined in jail and powerless to check "MOST AUTHENTIC SINGING VOICE" Woman, who is but the Virgin of the practical blunderer on the political Vedic Dawn reborn. Because he knew arena. His daringly outspoken speeches The retirement was not one of quiet se- the violent outbursts all over the coun- Dr. C. R. Reddi has aptly called the clusion but of dynamic preparation. His try, he had to be a silent onlooker of all Gandhian era "the heroic age" of Indian and enjoyed English, French, Sanskrit, peace and plenty. On of those days and the object lesson Hindi and Telugu, and because he knew that he gave India In Individual Civil influence on public life was all the time that was most abhorrent to his cherish- politics. But before this era and separated there. When he returned to his experi- ed creed. The sad bereavements caused from it by the four years of the first and sympathised with the movements Disobedience at Champaran and Kaira ment with the second Bardoli campaign of thought and feeling in other lands, this august day we and the success that attended these as by the death of his wife and Mahadev World War was a less chivalrous and in and through him our ancient langu- well as his experiment with the hun- in 1928 and demonstrated by a miracle Desal, his faithful Secretary and the ago- more terrible "heroic age", which was age and culture have gained new life jer-strike as a political weapon of of organisation and discipline,—with the nising 21-day "fast unto capacity" that dominated by Lajpat Rai and Tilak and and vigour. send you our heartiest lecuring redress at Ahmedabad, where Sardar as his lieutenant—the efficacy of nearly cost him his life, certainly made Chidambaram Pillai and which inciden- his creed, the nation was all but ready it all the more bitter. tally gave to Pondicherry its world-status be led an industrial strike in 1918—all to take refuge in the Mahatma. By bringing the Tamil people In vivid these had won for him a steadfast, if But the life-long sacrifice and purpose- as a sanctuary for poetry and religion. contact with their own glorious past greetings and wish •elect following. When the Indian Na- Duped and disappointed, the Congress ful struggle on the highest plane con- Of both these ages Bharati's was. the and with the pulsing life of the modern tional Congress met late In 1919, "under leaders were at their wit's end when the ceivable, had not gone in vain. If to-day most authentic singing voice, and of the world and by keeping them in good the conflicting shadows of the Montford all-white Simon Commission sought to an Empire is being wound up, by al-later a most powerful operative force. form in the forefront of freedom's bat- you a glorious future. Reforms and the Jallianwalla Bagh impose the British will on the country. most spontaneous transfer of power by The transition from terrorism to Satya- tle. Bharati has earned for Tamil Nad tragedy," Gandhiji seized leadership by We know how, coming back to leader- the rulers to the ruled, such conversion graha, the recognition by the country and left to her her rightful place, which the sheer strength of his personality. ship, Gandhiji launched the fateful can be but the fruit, in a very large that Gandhiji was more essentially Indian is a high and honourable place, in a Of course, a group of dissidents walked movement of 1931, marked by the Dandi measure, of Gandhian strategy and than its earlier heroes, was not merely free India working in Truth and Love out of the Congress, but he had wonMarch, he taught a timid people to face idealism. paralleled, it was in a measure brought for a free and happy world. the allegiance of giants like Mottlal repression with a smile and awoke the about, by Bharati's own inner progress Nehru, C. R. Das and Lajpat Rat. conscience of humanity itself with his MANY-SIDED EFFORT from politics to pure art and yoga. The GANDHIAN ERA non-violent protest in the face of the Thus what looked at first like the lines "Love thine enemy, heart of mine' armed might of an Empire. The move- caprices of a visionary has come to have provoked by a C.I.D. official were Eng- S. India's Share From that to the special session of ment was undoubtedly a triumph and its abiding and triumphant place in lished by Bharati himself and sent to THE BORDEN CO., NEW YORK. the Congress at Calcutta in August succeeded in raising men, women and practical politics. With unswerving Gandhiji and published in Young India. 1920 was easier sailing. It was perhaps even youngsters in their teens to heights faith in his cause and his methods. In poem after poem Bharati extolled the most significant session of the In- of heroic sacrifice. The phenomenon of Gandhi as the preacher of a new Gita, in Victory MANUFACTURERS OF KLIM MILK. stalwart Pathans meekly taking the Gandhiji has brought the Indian vessel and this while Tilak and Mrs. Besant dian Congress. For it was here that the to the haven of freedom. But in the By T. VISWANATHAN Mahatma secured acceptance of bis new lathi blows of the police, without reta- evaluation of his inestimable services to were still alive and overshadowing the creed of non-violent Satyagraha to liation and without complaint, has few the country, the political victory is but little, brown Bania from South Africa. There may be streaks of cloud •ombat Imperialist repression. The gos- parallels anywhere In the world. The one aspect of a many-sided effort. With In a marching song sung a dozen years across but still the rising moon going his deep sympathy and compassion for before Dandi, Bharati says:— up the horizon is a thing of beauty; the common man, the poor and the op- "Sword, spear find dagger, bow, mace there may be clouds of division hid- pressed in society, his restless genius and missiles—all these are weapons ing the fulness but still Independence has left the Gandhian touch in many for fools. is a thing of pride. August 15th is a phases of our national life. To-day, the Truth, Renunciation, Love are theforward mark in the limitless expanse curse of untouchability, that dark blot arms of the army of spirit wielded of time. It sees the freedom of a coun- on our social fabric, has been almost by great ones, godly, immortal." try; it seeg also the hope of Peace for removed. The Gandhian constructive And he ends with these words the Pen- a Continent. programme which in a measure the ad on Gandhi:— Those who flung themselves heart Congress Governments in/power are im- "To reckon dear as your own life the and soul into the fray, those who res- plementing are the main hope of the life of your foe who would kill you, ponded when Gandhiji made the clarion masses, as the means of translating poli- To look on all men as God's own call, always felt that they lived in tical liberty into social well-being. The images, God's own children— great times; for great were the possi- Basic Scheme of education, the Hindu- This courage of true faith you dared bilities of Satyagraha. In 1921 we had stani Talimi Sangh, the Village Indus- to bring into politics. a burning passion for freedom, but we tries Association, the All-India Spinners' Where lay writhing the worms of war, knew not the shape of its coming; in Association, the Hindi Prachar Sangh 1930 the call of Independence drew the and other such organisations are the murder and vengeance. You scorned to tread the way of war, the way cf masses into the struggle; for they knew & leader's priceless gifts to the common they had the power to shape the thing man In India. much murder. that was destined to come. And hence But the manlier way of dharma, the those that fought nobly and well as It is true that the Gandhian pro- way of the wise and saintly satyagrahis had an added strength and gramme has had Its defeats and set- You showed to India and proved It confidence. In 1941 we vaccilated; but backs, which, one hopes, are bu,t tem- more fruitful too— in 1942 we struck and struck with all porary. The leader's unceasing endea- That so the world may forget Its our might. We said to the English vours to promote Hindu-Muslim unity hate and see its own future In and preserve national solidarity, have virtue." Ruler "Quit India'' and he has now for the time, ended in failure. To-day, If for thirty years Tamil Nad hasquit the nation has got riven In two, after stood steadily and calmly by Gandhi It la true that a great many who had months of senseless bloodshed unloosed and Gandhism and has escaped the talent were a little away; it is true by the forces of hatred. The critic will backslidings and disruptions which that a few more tried to stem the In- no doubt point out, that Gandhiji's some other provinces have Buffered, evitable; but yet the voice of the Con- methods promised more than they could the credit is due not a little to the gress was the Voice of the Nation; its perform, but if men had never promised continuity and sweet reasonableness of marches in the struggle were for the more than it was possible for them to Tamil culture and to the life-giving Nation and the fruits of Victory were perform, the world would be the poorer, intended for the Nation and now real- and unifying quality of our language, ly they «re so, as one may see. for "the achieved1 reform Is the cjjild of classic in its simplicity, yet with po- unachieved ideal' . wer to bring to meet our recurrent In the hour of Victory no one, how- needs the wisdom of long past ages ever, need say it was due to him alone. "We are fortunate and grateful that and lands afar off. Bharati was first Let all those who claim a share, have m, fate has bestowed upon us so luminous the servant and then the master of it, for they too put in a twig of fuel a contemporary—a beacon for genera- this language, very ancient and ever- in the fire; they too fanned the flame. tions to come", wrote Albert Einstein, young, and through him she spoke to Let all rejoice in one voice. the scientist, in a birthday tribute to Yet I should say something about the Gandhiji and we in India have indeed her children and had them in thrall. How often has one noticed that at glorious part of South India in this greater cause to be grateful to a destiny glorious struggle. The fight had many OI, tt.L* hiflr'tt' d*> mi'r.tssr.s, <>-* that gave us such significant leadership crowded mass-meetings "anti-Con- in our hour of need. Non-violence in gress"' groups threatened disturbance fronts; in no part did South India, the f, l^,.l rt till Wit o' f*4>A^rt> *tf HM it and a Bharati song was sung by K. B. South India of Andhras. Tamils, Kera- politics is no longer a beautiful dream— las and Kannadigas lag behind. I well h a dream too beautiful to be true. The or D. K. or M. S., or by an ad hoc volun- , i t\ it ti» ti< • >i'e u k, ^ f% • Gandhian doctrine stands to-day as the ;eer, or only a record of it wasremember how in 1931 in the A.-I.C.C. 1 one oJ the greatest of Indians had to t* * i-11• f t * I * * ( il-.tr, * )li~* * J main hope for a world in mortal peril played, and lo and behold, peace was of the atom bomb restored as if by magic. Our poet has withdraw his report when it contain- fi. ,>'*<,* MT'd M I Uf', M* «T ,ft been handier than a legislator; he has ed a discourteous reference to the served as a posse of policemen and South Indians' share In the struggle. prevented riots. Satyagraha or Elections, Khadi or Con- structive programme. Harijan uplift or k RELIGION AND POETRY •p . ,' i y (i jj-i ;t> .)„•«;« p ,,n' -} INDIA WILL LEAD Hindu-Muslim Unity, Parliamentary All this would be incredible to out- debate or Legislative output, whatever 1 • J.I 1 Tt »? ,V V P- 1 V THE WAY siders. They might well ask, "How can it may be, South India produced heroes, THE DRWN ** i »- '(' m» ! -• fi»,-f ir '- poetry do so much and such varied rare and daring personalities, perfect ! 1 By EMANUEL. CELLAR work in the world?" Nevertheless, it example of selflessness and courage, " 'n ," » * "| ' ('J i ) «t rt j. * * is true and it fully justifies Bharati's talent and intellect. South India has a <• • t <• • » tfi ') A UGUST 15th is a red letter day for praise of Tamil, loud though it sounds. harmonious blend of those qualities that the whole world. It marks the sever- Religion and poetry are still live forces in a due proportion go to make Great- ance of a cord that has bound India to in Tamil Nad and Bharati was their ness what it is,—yet we feel, I have Great Britain for nearly three centuries. joint product. Between religion and the always felt, that there is still some un- 4 This cord should have been severed people, a divorce has come .about every- defined something that gives us visions ,*<". i r rd >, ! ' % K»i f r where else in the world, but not in FREEDOM many many yean ago. India by virtue but stifles achievement that is supreme. Ih VIM,; , of her geographic cultural, historic and India. Hence, here in India, even yes- May be it Is the will of Destiny! May be economic position was entitled to re-terday, a seeker oi Ultimate Truth was it is a historical necessity that will In sume her sovereignty long since. accepted as a political leader and did uture create something real and lasting work in the world—much to the cha- to the credit of the Tamils, to the credit The British ruling families and polt- grin both of professional politicians of the Andhras, to the credit of the roons have long drained resources from and whole-time hierophants. Again, .eralas and to the credit of Kannadigas. India. Henceforth India will be on its between mythology and poetry and But now has come the need for rea- own. between poetry and the people, a di- ism in Politics; now has come the need August 15 will be a'red letter day fn tndfa't As a country re-born, India will lead vorce has come about everywhere else 'OT realism in Economics and the need the way, particularly in Asia, so that and strange gods are sought after and 'or realism in the shaping of the social history. On this day the destiny of the coun- everyman and woman will be allowed ever found; but not so in Tamil Nad. fabric. We fought for a freedom that to live in peace and dignity. Our temples and their festivals, our poet-saints in an unbroken line from would give food, clothing and housing in try returns to the hanfs of the Indian people. Prince and pauper, man and woman, the Sangam age to Ramalinga Swami, an adequate measure, learning of a high rich and poor, high and low caste all our one mighty masterpiece on theorder, health and cultured leisure of a shall henceforth have equal rights and itory of Rama ana the thousands of superior degree, for all that are sub- protection before the law. 'olk-songs in infectious tunes on Rama ject to our reign and for removal of Political freedom must be supplemented by md Krishna, Sakti and Kumara. have gross inequalities; we fought for Inde- "Every man shall now sit In safety pendence that it may help us to realise freedom from want. We pledge ourselves to under his own vine and fig tree and provided for us a precious heritage of mr fullness with opportunity for all and there shall be none to make him afraid." dramatic situation and of stimulating fith none to be victims of exploita- the task of meeting the footwear needs of Although this sentence is from our and directive emotion, of poetic pat- tion. We fought for a solid nation and Bible, I believe it also embodies the terns and musical modes, hallowed by united society. We fought for a time teachings of the great savants of India. ige and enriched and refined by each India's millions ucceeding generation, colouring and when favouritism and nepotism would The new Trl-colour Flag of India now :oloured by the speech of the peopla :ease to be and when communalism and unfurled shall never more be lowered .nd shared in common by the learned >ther "isms" that disintegrate are at rest. to any man or nation. The inclusion in nd unlearned. Such a wealth of poe- We fought for an order in which the this flag of saffron, white and green the tic resource, such an orchestra of ins- landlords would not grab and the ten- wheel of Asoka is most significant. As truments with which to stir the pulse nts and tillers would produce and be one of India's greatest leaders he showed and melt the heart of the multitude. irosperous, where the capitalist would a view-point that proved to be world- Islam never had and Bengal in hernot tyrannise and the labourer would ^Batia. wide and unparochial or national. have his due. We fought for these things. Brahmo age shook off with scorn, but We shall not be told "No" by those India's present leaders might well be Bharati commanded and knew well that get into power and we shall brook termed modern Asokas. how to use. By the side of Bharati, INDIA'S MOST POPULAR FOOTWEAR with his full-blooded emotion, his dar- no denial nor sh^ll the fruits of our The dawn of ultimate victory and in- ing imagery, his racy speech and victory be snatched away by others. dependence now rises on India's Hori- taunting song-music, his up-to-the-mi- May God help us to work out in peace Printed and Published by K. GOPALAN, at The National Press, Kasturi zon. what we got by war. Buildings. Mount Road, Madras. Managing Editor: K. SRIOTVASAN, B.A. FJ?ID.4T3 il'GUST 15, 194T. T'JT m.vnc

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MARSHALL SONS & CO. (India) LTD. 120, ARMENIAN STREET, MADRAS. POST BOX No. HI ., MADRAS. Branches at Bezwada, Calicut. Coimbatorc. Hyderabad: Kumba- konam, Mettur Dam, Salem, Trichinopoly, Trivandrum. THE HINDU, FRIDAY, AUGUST 18, 1947. m The Dominion of India (less the se town and remote village. I was suppose' ceding parts) will be just the old Indi to be a mere observer, calm, objective, INDEPENDENCE: A with most of the States—but at th' A NATION IS reflective. Nonsense! Nothing surprise same time a new, Independent, demo m«, but everything made my blood boil THEY. PLAYED THEIR cratlo nation. This revolution does no From a study of many a story of man' STOCK-TAKING look like one—particularly as Lon RE-BORN fight for his liberty and right, and from Mountbatten continues the Governor my experience as a wanderer in many PART General. It was a great act of states lands, I knew well enough that when an manship—this election of a whirlwim PATRIOTISM OF outside authority has imposed itself on a BIRTH OF GREAT ASIATIC of a glamorous Englishman as the people, and that authority's will is re- SAGA OF THE NEHRUS first Governor-General of Free India. INDIA'S PRESS sisted, anything can happen to those *vh POWER No power in history but Britain would resist. British authority was challenge' By Mrs. KRISHNA HUTHEE WMOH have conceded independence with such By LEONARD W. MATTERS by almost averybody in India, right down By K. M. MUNSHI grace; and no power but India would to the children in the villages, and what A MOTHER watched her young son inmates kept going to prison again and have so gracefully acknowledged th (London Representative of THE HINDU) I saw as the answer to that challeng playing with his companions and felt again. Unable to sit at home when their leader, the acknowledged leader o: debt. both fear and pride 'as she looked on. country was in the throes of a life and INDEPENDENCE haj come, looner was the inevitable brutal suppression o: Younger than the other children he than I dreamt of, more like the end Asia^ and one oi the four great leader; But for Lord Mountbatten the presen T WAS born and bred in Australia— every patriotic manifestation. Not sur- death struggle Jawahar's young wife of an inartistically woven plot—abrupt- of the world. He claims to be nothinj that great island continent which is seemed to take the lead in everything. and his sisters also joined the move- solution would not have come; the par prised, I was not shocked—not even by He was wild and dominating yet how ly, almost inconsequentially. In 1905but a politician; but there is an under- tition would not have been swift and as big as, if not bigger than, India the official lying that went on, and som ment. Like thousands of others they under the influence of Shri Aravindo, I current of deep spirituality in him geographically, but which is still piti- easily he won the affection and loyalty courted imprisonment and served long easy; India and Britain would not have of that, as I told Sir Samuel Hoare, bea of his playmates. The stars had foretold began dreaming of Independence- Last Once I said of him that he is the only been friends; nor, for the matter o ably under-populated in contrast with anything in all my experience. terms in prison. Only a lonely little year, after years, I felt Independence great politician in the world who ha the country that is Motherland to he would rise to great heights, but thelady, sixty years old, remained at home fact India and Pakistan. And but fo Well, those days are over. The men mother shook her head sadly for to her it was far away. But it was not; it was a genuine faith in democracy; and him, perhaps my friend Sir C. P. would 400,000.000 of Indians. They, on this great doing her bit valiantly and working round the Corner. Two World Wars, a think, the world shares the view too day, should square their shoulders and and women who suffered are to-day seemed most unlikely. He was arrogant night and day in spite of her waning still have been making the evening" much older. The boys and girls have and had a temper which was not easy to far-seeing party in power in Britain He loves great and noble causes, tem- and morning papers "hideous"—to usi raise their heads, proud in the realisa- health. But the call to action moved her and a man with British tact and Ger- peramentally. The first Prime Ministe tion that at last they can truly claim become the men and women. All lived curb and would brook no interference. as it had done hundreds of others and man thoroughness as Viceroy—and It a well-known quotation—with hi: through a period when suffering mean How would he ever get on in life, won- of Free India has in the moment of it flamboyant resolves to keep Travan their country as their own, subject to regardless of those who tried to stop came. birth become the foremost champion the will of none others than themselves. something to be proud of—particularly dered the mother, and sighing she pray- her she also courted imprisonment and of world reconstruction among th core independent! on a day like this. Others may at ap- ed to God that he would, change her was soon behind prison bars. Proudly ' When I joined the great venture of nations of the world. This new Dominion of ours is th My birth-place was on the very verge propriate moments re-tell the story of wilful son into a good man if not great and cheerfully she faced her sheepish the Constituent Assembly, the Plan of Independence has given a tremen flowering of the process of unification of a primeaval hinterland, stretching for those and later days, when the relent one. jailors who were loathe to look her in tha May 16th was the despair of my life. doUs opportunity to Sardar too th which British military occupation en- a- thousand miles, and through which less struggle entered different phases face, so ashamed were they of the rolt Whichever way I turned, the malignant 1 scarcely half a dozen Europeans had ROLE OF THE PRESS The years rolled by and surprisingly the "indomitable' Sardar, as I once style, forced. Most of the Indian States ar wild boy grew up into a hard working they played. Prison life always takes Its spirit which Prof. Coupland had raised, him. He is made of the iron fibre o going to accede to the Dominion. Th ever passed. There was almost im- toll and the aged Motilal's iron consti- confronted me. Then came the Plan of Rulers are no longer the enemies of measurable space. There was free air, What I set out to write was what I young man, still arrogant and dominat- June 3rd. It was nothing new; but it which Bismarcks and Stalins are made hope will be taken as a most sincere ing but conscious of the responsibility tution could not stand the rigours of His vastly alert mind, his uncanny in popular forces, the hunted of the Praja breathed by free men; men of the pioneer jail. But no complaint ever escaped his brought the two States Scheme in prac- Mandals. These instruments of foreign stock * who owned no man master, and tribute from one old journalist to his of a large family whom he had to pro- tical politics. Realism—the child of sight into human weaknesses and hi colleagues of the Press of India for the vide for. He worked almost night and lips and not until It was too late did great power for organisation have rule, in a moment, have been convert- took orders from none. They were free even those who were near him discover stark, naked reversal to barbarism in ed into partners in the great democra- settlers, too, and not of those who hadpart they have played in the Victory of day as if possessed and had no time or some part of the country—triumphed. It found scope and fulfilment in the Frei Independence. It is not for me, an out- thoughts for any other private or public what a sick man he was. The authori- India of to-day. His hard-headed rea tic experiment for which the Dominion been transported as convicts, as was the ties released him but his failing strength tore the Plan of May 16th -to pieces. stands. India wi'.l be the gainer, no case in other parts of Australia, though, sider, to offer much comment on what I activity. At a very early age success listic view of thing? and the dread tha called "The Partition". Quite frankly came to him and his fame as a lawyer made him weaker and weaker as tha For a moment the Plan came to mehe generally inspires are invaluabli only in compactness, but because of the God knows, I would be the last to be days went by and though he put up a accretion of a great steadying force to ashamed of that supposed taint when I do not like it, and I have no belief at began to spread throughout the country. as a shock. Akhand Hindustan is a mat- assets in the new venture. With him all in its permanency. It cannot endure. Just then the Indian National Congress valiant fight even against death, It wai ter of creed with me. Was the Mother at the helm, Kerenskyism could not be its polttical life. recall that so many of those involuntary the one battle he lost. whom I worshipped destroyed? I hum- exiles from the lands of their birth were The oncoming generations of Indian started to attract attention but Motilal thought of. PARTITION brave 'souls, like the Tolpuddle Martyrs, patriots will see to that, be they had no time for it. The aggressive spirit bly asked- "No" came the emphatic an- The partnership of Panditjl and Sar he had had from his early childhood, CHANGES AT ANAND BHAWAN swer. "India was one, is one and shall Thus begins our voyage of independ- the Chartists, and the Irish, whose only Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, ' Christians or Bereft of its master Anand Bhawan be one." This was only a step in thedar is a novel phenomenon in world crime was participation in the perpetual what they will. All are Indians. Reli- though outwardly curbed took a new politics Two men of the highest calibre ence, in smooth waters, with seasoned struggle for liberty in one form or an-gion may be a matter of pride, but shape in his will to conquer all obstacles stood sad and desolate in the midst of tha march towards real Unity, unembarras- and yet of the most contrary tempera guides with chart and compass well vast uncared for garden. Gope were the sed by the military occupation of a tried and trusty. But there are dangers other. more probably it is a mere matter o. before him specially in his profession. foreign power. ment and outlook—one elegant, hand accident. To be an Indian citizen, of a He loved a fight and a struggle against happy carefree days when the house wa» some, courteous, fond of social graces, and not easy ones either. This great The breath of freedom was born in me. united India, participating in building odds and so he went from one triumph full of people and the place hummed with The Plan of June 3rd did not destroy fascinated with distant values; the othe: but arduous venture begins on the mor- That is why the struggle of India to beup, improving, enriching one common to another, not by any one's favour or activity, when laughter echoed through Akhand Hindustan; only its pattern was old, stocky, mysteriously silent, hi row of the most catastrophic war free has always stirred responsive chords Motherland, would, seem to me some patronage but by his own intellect, will the house and sorrow and suffering wera changed. India was not • divided; only feet firmly planted on e?rth—both are known to man, amid starving continents in my being. And while I can only claim thing of which to be more proud. I be- power and sheer hard work. unknown. Now all was silent. He who parts of it were administratively conso- gathered in an unbreakable bond of and jostling international smbitions; to have been in direct contact with had dedicated himself and his family to with Soviet sprawling over Asia and India and her fight for independence lieve the Press of India as a whole has lidated to form a new government. mutual understanding by Gandhian in- 1 done its very best to uphold that idea Time passed. In a corner of a beauti- the service of the motherland was tha They were to be bound to the Mother- fluence. Europe ; with doller diplomacy over- these past sixteen years or so. I am con- although, of course some newspapers ful garden sat Motilal surrounded by his first to pay the price by offering his Ufa land, but not by the visible bonds of This seems to be the greatest piece of shadowing the world. And it also begins vinced that my very first living impres- and some journalists have taken an op- friends and admirers, people of all at the altar of freedom. administrative unity imposed by foreign with an unnatural division of what God sions came from India. The circum- castes, creeds and nationalities who Time marched on. Freedom's battla rule. The not too perceptible bonds of good luck for Independent India. posite point of view. It is not for me and man have made one. stances are worth telling. to criticise or condemn them. What nocked each evening to his palatial home was still being fought and the country hard facts—the common military fron- CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY Away out there in, Australia, on the Anand Bhawan to hear his brilliant demanded more and more of her sons tier, the economic interdependence, the Last thirty-five years, we have been believe all have done according to I cannot forget the Constituent Assem- brought up on a slogan: the na- verge of the trackless desert of bush, their lights and their reservations as conversation and to share with him in and daughters. Jawahar's wife, Kamala unity of an age-old culture—were to bebly. How can I? For nine months it has turalness and inevitableness o there were stalwart, bearded men from some of the humourous incidents Moti- ever active and in the forefront,' went brought into free play, may be to pro- been almost my sole pre-occupation. to the futufe political structure o: lal would relate. The house and the duce a closer unity. Hindu-Muslim Unity. That this was India, drovers of camel teams which India, has been to contribute much to from village to village carrying India's greatness can legitimately be wishful thinking has been proved in journeyed hundreds of miles, carrying the common idea that India must be grounds would resound with his laugh- the message of non-violence and At a conference, it was suggested that assessed by this Constituent Assembly, Noakhali, Bihar, Rawalpindi—in a hun- wool from the "outback" sheep stations. free, free in accordance with their own ter which first became famous in his freedom and winning people over the Independence Act should give India the first sovereign legislature of India. dred villages, by tens of thousands of My father knew them well, and he domestic viewpoints, to determine he home town, Allahabad, and then all by her simplicity and faith. Few the power to amend .the Act itself. It What a galaxy of stars of the first and men women and children fleeing for would drive out to their camps, with me own destiny. over the country. All around Was evi-knew that a dread disease gripped was the lawyers' contribution in as-second magnitude: Few indeed, of world safety. The Muslim—a hard realist- —no more than four years old—beside dence of great wealth, of luxurious liv- her and she should have been looked serting Independence. Within a fewassemblies, have contained the states- knew and exploited the hollowness o: him. There we would sit by their fires ^ Without a courageous Press—and ing and a taste for the artistic and good after and nursed instead of going all hours the reply was flashed back that manship, the wisdom, the brilliance and the slogan; the Hindu cherishes it still and eat their chupatties, and he would never let it be forgotten that news- things of life. It was not long before all round the countryside. But so immersed H. M. G. agreed to the proposal- My the eloquence which this Assembly can Hindus love words and ideals. They talk, while I sat and wondered, my nos- papers and journalists in India have sorts of legends took shape around the was she in her work that she had no heart sang with joy. India was Indepen- claim. trils filling with the reek of burning personality of Motilal, his fabulous time to think of herself. Unceasingly aha dent! subject themselves to self-hypnosis and suffered in the forefront of the battle— Its spirit is represented by Dr. Rajen- believe what they wish to. For a mo- dung and savoury spices. Such impres- there would be no victory to celebrate wealth, his great generosity, love of worked till a mighty Government fear- A great thing happened in the history dra Prasad. All his great moral qualities ment we woke to realities; but a self- sions of childhood remain with one this day. The Press has worthily sus- luxury and comfort and his temper that ful of the influence this delicate girl of man. The whole of India—practically, combine to make him the head and sym- complacent outlook is ' already creep- throughout life, and that explains why, tained its role and its honour as thestill remained uncurbed and wild. might wield over her people, imprisoned for, France and Portugal still occupy bol of that body. Sweet smiling, patient, ing over us again. We have divided when I first visited India the whole scene Servant of The People from the begin- COMING OF MAHATMA GANDHI her. A brief period in jail cut short her odd spots—was rid of foreign occupa- indulgent, he makes every one feel at the country, thank Jinnah! And now and the atmosphere seemed to be familiar ning to the end of the struggle for In- life's span also and in the very prime of tion after I don't know how many hun- home; guides gently, without anyone dis- India and Pakistan will walk down the and made me say to myself. "I already dependence, and to it no less than to It was the year 1919 when Mahatma her youth when the world lay at her dred years. And it was done by non-covering that he is being guided. He curbs aisle of history arm-in-arm, trusting know this land, and these people." Gandhi appeared and started the Satya- feet, after a great deal of suffering sha violent means. The bloody World Wars, turbulance by his very presence; he her political leaders, India must be graha Sabha. Young Jawahar, Motilal's the military reputation of the Indian and trusted, beloved partners of life! REMARKABLE MOVEMENT fully conscious of a great debt of grati- passed away. That was the second offer- pulls up loquacity with an air of almost tude. Fcr my own part I am proud to only son,vwith all the fire and enthusi- ing of a life from one family to tha Army and the not too non-violent acti- encouraging the speaker. Every section This may happen; it may not happen And that first visit was at a. moment asm of youth wanted to join it im- vities of some of our patriots during something else may happen. But the have been a servant of that Press over motherland. of the House has confidence in him. And when India was in the throes of the re- quite a long period. Perhaps I might mediately. But his stern father was It was the turn of the two sisters now the "Quit India" Movement, no doubt, he has to pay the price—a heavy one. man who hypnotises himself into this markable Civil Disobedience Movement. bitterly opposed to it and forbade were not inconsiderable contributory belief is a danger in independent India have done more. I could not have done to go to prison, and joyfully they went. Whenever' parties or interests disagree Thousands of fine men and women were less under my burning conviction that Jawahar to act rashly. Motilal saw no One left behind her children, her husband factor*. Whatever the contribution of they quietly leave it to the President. Sovereign States are sovereign and he in jail because they would not bow the sense in a handful of people courting Non-Violence towards our gaining inde- would be a fool indeed if a statesman India had a grand cause for which to also being in prison. The other had only There was a storm in the party meeting knee: tens of thousands more were go- fight, and an equal conviction that in arrest nor did he agrle with any other her old mother to leave behind all alona pendence this was the first event In the over the singing of Bande Mataram. trusted in God and forgot the other ing to jail: hundreds of thousands were item on Gandhiji's programme. Tension history of man when an imperial power half of the adage. the end she must triumph. In tender- in a deserted house. One long year they handed over independence to a subject Suddenly some one proposed to leave it demonstrating and patiently taking the ing my humble congratulations upon reigned in Anarid Bhawan. Long and spent behind prison bars and then re* people with the ease and courtesy of to the President. There waj almost una- The only way to escape the danger lathi blows of- the charging police, or the rebirth of a Nation, I boldly sub- heated discussions took place between turned to carry on the struggle again. handing over a cup of tea. That is a nimous voting to leave It to- him. The is to acquire strength, financial, admi- suffering injury and insult for what tney mit for India's acclamation: "CITIZENS father and son while the mother, wife Alone in Anand Bhawan their mothel landmark in this war-ridden, little Assembly is always in "Leave It to nistrative, military and material, fas' knew was a sacred cause. I saw every OF INDIA! THE PRESS!" and sisters hovered around tearfully, had not sat idle. Despite her sixty odj sphere of ours. PSmith" sort of mood—to use the phrase enough. A strong nation need net beaspect of that severe struggle, in city, fearful of the outcome of all these argu- years she had toured the countryside of P. G. Wodehouse. aggressive or covetous; but a weak and ments. When cajoling and arguing failed giving courage and hope to those whosa Further, a great Asian World Power The Assembly has done great work. divided nation hugging the phantom of Motilal lost his temper and asked his has been born. Japan did emerge as such iaith was weakening. Her own strength Fundamental rights and an indepen- pacifism, is a temptation to aggressive son to go if necessary to the devil. Be- was failing rapidly. A few years sha after the Russo-Japanese War; but she nations, and therefore a positive .danger ing fully aware of the great love his did not evoke Asian loyalty. Free India dent Judiciary will establish the rule of carried on then one evening with her law In this land. Untouchability is ban- to world peace. The characteristic out- INDIA-FREE AND FRATERNAL father had for him Jawahar did not children gathered around her she quietly js easily the cherished leader of Asia- ned under the threat of dire penalties look of an average Indian has there- take it amiss, but bided his time. Then Panditii's latest announcement of policy fore to be altered by conscription, if died. Her youth had been dedicated to —the Nehru doctrine of Asia—compara- no more shall it divide man and man DAWN OF A BRIGHTER DAY came the tragic massacre of Jallianwalla her children, her old age she dedicated ble only to the Munroe doctrine, is the Adult suffrage and a bicameral legisla- necessary. Every man has to be made Bagh which had a profound effect on to India. triumphant assertion of her leadership ture will provide it with a parliamentary to feel strong and self-confident, ready By FREDERICK GRUBB Motilal and changed his way of thinking. apparatus. Responsible Governments at to defend the right. Any deviation from Little by little and after careful consi- The years rolled by and the struggle of Asian nations. this straight-fqrward path will des- 1 deration and reasoning he joined the for independence still continued taking the Centre on the British model and in AS one of the few survivors of those dependence, based on goodwill and co- its toll, Jawahar became more and more "AGE OF NEHRU" the Provinces in a slightly modified form troy our independence. who were associated with the British operation, which all that is best in India ranks of Gandhi's non-violent army, to will give it a front-rank place in the which he remained true and faithful to engrossed in his work and spent long One notable event, almost of world ECONOMIC OUTLOOK Committee of the Indian National Con- has always stood for. periods in prison. His friend and comrada democratic Governments. Free India will gress in its early days it gives me special WHAT ABOUT PAKISTAN? the end. Importance, is that one age is gone and thus be the youngest of democracies. The next danger arises from the sag- pleasure to join in the congratulations through these years was his brother-in- another has slipped in without anyone "No one shall be deprived of his life ging economic structure of the coun- which mark the consummation of the But ah! there is partition and Pakis- Drastic changes occurred in Anand law Ranjit. A dreamer and a scholar ha even noticing it. The age of Gandhiji Is or liberty without due process of law,'1 try. Inflation, rising wages and essen- nation-wide movement then begun. The tan, says someone, and there is the un- Bhawan. Motilal gave up his large prac- was not made for politics. But his lova tone,—of Nehru come. in India, the Assembly decided the other ing production, labour strikes and a revered names of Alan Hume, Dadabhai solved problem of the Indian States. tice in order to give all his time to for his country gripped him as it had Gandhiji- won the freedom of the Na- day. This formula which the English perverted social opinion which enjoys Naoroji, William Wedderburn, W. C How are these to be squared with the political work. He had earned millions done so many others and he threw in his tion and became its "Father"; a father Barons extracted from King John in 1215 them; scarcity of food and cloth; a de- Bonnerjee, W. S. Caine and a host of noble ideal which Indian nationalists but had given much in charity and lot with Jawahar. He was the next to whom eveyone worships and hears with A.C. travelled all over the world pleted civil service creaking at every others are still fresh in my memory— whatever their race or creed, have in- spent almost everything, confident in pay the price of freedom. He loved natura reverence but does not necessarily fol- through centuries to come to us in joint; and a vicious system of control for they were all known to me, as were variably proclaimed? Yes, there is al-his ability to earn more any time he and hated to be in any closed space. But low. He has risen in stature in propor- providing fostering sores of corruption, ways a thorn with every rose and some- chose. But with no tegular source of in- he was arrested and confined again and tion to his shrinkage in actual leader- almost the self-same words in 1947. We many more of the pioneers pf India's are building on the constitutional funda- and strangling economic life: these are freedom in, those far-off days. thing to mar each human achievement, come expenses had to be cut down and yet again to dark dingy cells. It did not ship—a fate reserved only for very lucky mentals of Australia, Canada, U.S.A., portents of a disaster which no more however well designed. The unbroken simplicity took the place of lavish splen- break his spirit but it broke his health national leaders. Washington and Lenin and, of course, England, naturally and political independence can avert. Inde- One of that earlier group, by the way, unity of India was what we all desired dour. Thick home-spun khadi replaced completely. Fate was unrelenting and remained leadens to the end to be only spontaneously. A doubt, however, has pendence will be weighed in the scales is still with us, though of late years he no less than her national independence fine silks and muslins. Each day found he was her next victim who * "Fathers of the Nation" after it. Bis- of essentials of life. If they are not has not been so prominent in the field But let no one take the temporary dis- father and son more and more involved away in the very prime of his life. marck shrank in leadership when alive arisen in many minds. The English forthcoming, the political structure is of Indian politics as he once was. I tnd was denied the fatherhood of the model, which has failed in so many coun- integration of his country too deeply to in politics and then began the pilgri- And so the house which had onca tries, will it succeed in this clime? But sure to collapse. refer to Herbert Roberts (now Lord heart. It seems inevitable in politics mage to prison. An orgy of arrests and known only joy and gladness now stood Nation he created. Gandhiji hai the Clwyd) who, for 27 years, championed that the second best has too often to beconvictions took place and thousands technique of a Rishi; his duty done, he a scrutiny of the sub-conscious mental But the first and foremost obstacles to India's cause in the House of Commons deserted and lonely stripped of all lti hai receded to a nobler rol« and a processes of many of us, while discussing Independence is a sense of frustration accepted. There is never even a par-were Imprisoned. With the first batch joy and laughter. One by one those who higher, though distant, pedestal. different proposals will show how which has overtaken us. We wanted as Honorary Secretary of the Indian tial settlement without some degree of went Motilal and Jawahar. The latter had lived there had passed away. A few deeply we have made the British de- Akhand Hindustan, we have two coun- Parliamentary Committee. Some of your compromise. In this case it is clear that was young but Motilal was already in remained with Jawahar. But hu was a In 1642, he asked me to go out of the tries. We said wS were one nation, we readers may remember the part he took insistence on the utmost would have his late fifties and though exceptionally Congress, for I could not reconcile my- mocratic tradition our own. India Is in trying to prevent the partition of lonely life bereft of those who had been self with his strict Non-Violefice. -Now perhaps the first Asian country which are now two. We have one crore and meant no settlement at all, but rather strong he was unused to the hardships so dear to him. Neither comfort nor has accepted this great inheritance so seventy lakhs of suffering Hindus across Bengal in Lprd Curzon's time. chaos, probably followed by a long, long that prison life inevitably brings in itsleisure was to b« his, for life was be- some of his disciples are ardent cons- the frontier, and Heavens, we know not Nor must we, in passing, overlook the period of unsettlement, with all that wake. Yet never for a moment did he criptionists. On many an evening pray- avidly and there is least likelihood of notable contribution made to the national coming more and more strenuous. Tha er-time he bemoans the division of the its having to be sorry for it. At thehow to rescue them. We have the day this must have involved. hesitate in his resolve to court impri- years had taken much out of him and same time the Advisory Committee has of independence—yes; but we must do revival by some of the outstanding sonment. From his wayward childhood his sad and tired eyes could no longer country, which some of his disciples con- penance in sack cloth and ashes. From publicists connected with THE HINDU in There were bound to be problems and sider the last word in practical wisdom. swept away separate electorates—that difficulties whichever course had been whenever Motilal undertook to do a hide his great loneliness. At last the day He wants August 15th to be a day of wretched system, born of British Im- the Father of the Nation to the man days gone by, prominent among whom thing he did it well and whole-hearted- for which he with thousands of others in the street a sense of frustration has were G. Subrahmania Aiyar, M. Vira- followed. It was a cruel choice which ly. He never looked back or regretted. sorrow; the country Is celebrating -it as perialism which has made of this coun- seized hearts, demoralising oulook, con- raghavachariar, S. Kasturiranga Iyengar had to be made. But after all, one has had worked had dawned—the day of the day of deliverance. He wants Hin- try a cauldron of violent passions. only to look at the map of India to rea- To him goes more credit -than to a independence. There was joy in his heart dustani and two scripts; an overwhelm- verting a triumph into defeat, shattering and A. Rangaswami Iyengar. THE HINDU younger man for the sacrifices he wil-and pride, yet perhaps a greater loneli- IHE FUTURE the Will to Victory. has no need to be ashamed of the share lise how much has been gained and lingly undertook for the cause so dear ing majority of Congressmen want which it has borne during more than how comparatively little has been lost— less" than before, for those who had left Hindi and Devanagarl. The national mind Will this independence endure? I PSYCHOLOGICAL HURDLES if indeed it has been lost. India, it is to his heart. him long ago and were no longer'near has been shocked into appreciation of have no doubt, it will. The Independ- half a century in shaping the destiny Our Will to Victory is impeded less of India. It is good to honour the true, is like a tree shorn of some of its Anand Bhawan remained empty and to share with him in the joyousne^jw of realities, in spite of the "Father's" hy- ence Act has given us complete inde- desolate though only two of its many this great d.ay. pnotic touch. Put he still dominates as pendence, as also a constitutional nexus by objective difficulties than by ourmemory of her sons (and daughters) choicest branches, but she is not fatally the guardian-angel, the adviser, the with the British Commonwealth. India phsychological hurdles. We are still tied who in the past have helped, with so truncated, for there has been no muti- cementor,—as the conscience-keeper will be a Dominion, for some time at to the fragments of our old ideological much patient endurance, to win the in- lation of the main stem. The essential of leading Statesmen. No longer a any rate, and the continuity of institu- chariot: of India administered as one heritance into which their successors tree of life remains to shelter her prophet fettered to the patriotic needs tional life will be preserved. Itjnakes it; of appeasement as the invincible enter on this auspicious day. countless children, and may it become JS of one nation, he Is fast emerging a the transition break-proof. weapon against barbarism; of spontane- true of this tree also (as was said of world-prophet, pure and simple. ous processes.? based on diversity gene- GREAT ACHIEVEMENT another) that its leaves are for the What is wrong about the Dominion, rating an irresistible national conscious- healing of the nations. The evils most The other event of almost equal Im- except its name, which, in spite of Sha- ness; of agitational attitudes producing The spirits of these pioneers are with to be avoided are faction, provincialism portance Is the emergence of Pandit kespeare, does not smell as sweet. It is strength by some miraculous process. us now as we, Indians and Britons alike, pnd fragmentation, you have at any Tale Nehru on the world stage. This erst- independence. It gives a secure place If independence is to be real, this celebrate the great event. And how kept a strong centre—stronger perhaps, while prisoner of British power has, in a world system and it gives us thesense of frustration must be overcome. they must marvel, as they survey the than could have been secured if the in a moment, become the Nation's help we need. We must develop faith, enthusiasm and present situation, at the success which Muslim majority areas.had remained in. a passionate creative spirit. Pakistan may has been achieved since the Congress It is now for India to show that she is provide serious problems. A third World set out upon its thorny path in 1885! It worthy of her progenitors and fit to. be PMJ War may come sooner than we imagine. was no doubt the ultimate aim of all the the Mother of generations yet unborn, The British framework may go. And we early leaders to win the untrammellgd whose .freedom shall be unquestioned. dare not take the risk. liberty which India will henceforth We must, therefore, develop the con- enjoy, but hardly the most sanguine CONSTRUCTIVE FREEDOM fidence in what are facts: First, that among them could have visualised the This is no time for over-stressing the India as we have it is a great modern complete attainment of that goal within imperfections of the new Constitution, Power; Second, that exigencies of life a little over sixty years. I remember the obvious and dangerous though they are. demand a strong national consciousness Madras Congress of 1898 in which I took A splendid opportunity opens for the as also material strength. part as a delegate. Referring back to the Indian people with the dawn of this This is first and foremost a psy- resolutions passed by that assembly it is brighter day. The best way of bringing chological problem, without solving noteworthy how limited was their scope back to the Union those who are to be which nothing else will succeed. Frus- as compared with the full nationhood severed for a time is, by an enlightened tration—the defeat of the soul—has to upon which India enters to-day. policy, constructive legislation, end be fought, and transmuted into victory. And what are fifty or sixty years in wise administration, to show the seced- Externally, due to Panditji's policies the story of a nation with so long a ing provinces how much they have and pronouncemnts, we have gained record as that of India? It has been a missed. That, I take it, will be the su- the confidence of other nations. Inter- hard and bitter struggle to reach the preme aim of Pandit Nehru and his nally, the problem has yet to be tackled. point where we stand to-day, but so far colleagues in the leadership. There is Negatively, India will not feel the joy as I know there has been no case in certainly nothing either in partition or of independence unless controls are re- the world's history where a national Pakistan that calls for congratulation. moved and the Hindus in Pakistan are ictory has been so completely won with- On the contrary, we may hope that Mr. protected or helped. Positively, India out recourse either to war or a bloody Jinnah himself will live to regret the will only be enthused if production revolution. Let due praise be given to separation for which he is mainly res- waxes, if military education is in the those—and to one in particular—who ponsible, no less than the means by 4feW air; if one national language and script have never ceased to hold aloft the flag which it was brought about. However are introduced. of non-violence. Now they have their that may be, the Indian nation must The last one is not t matter of senti- reward. Nor will our Indian brothers continue to be a magnet attracting ts ment nor of policy. It is a matter of life. fail to acknowledge, I am sure, the dis- itself all who now stand aloof. Then, It alone will swiftly open the flood- interested part which British statesmen Dominion or no Dominion, \vithin or gates of faith which lie hid in the (of more than one party) have played without the wider Commonwealth, India Collective Unconscious of the Nation. \rK India's emancipation. In which res- will worthily fulfil her destiny in the Devahagari, it must be remembered, pect honourable mention should be future Federation of the World. secured sixty-three votes to eighteen in iven to the name of Lord Mountbatten. the Congress Party against the wishes Yet let it be remembered that indepen- So, on this day of jubilation let no [IS MASTERS VOICE' of some of its cherished leaders. Script "ence is not something which has been one unduly bemoan the admitted short- unity is the basis and instrument both 'granted' or a concession that had to be comings of the Act of Liberation. Com- of national consolidation. The Sanskritic exacted. No, it is what India herself munalism, as its dire consequences in itiCOKHS :lement in our languages is the golden has achieved, though she will not grudge India (and elsewhere) have shown us, ;hread which glistens in, the whole us, her British friends, a share in theis deplorable and pnrtit.bn Is hateful, ;ountry, through idiom, song and story: well-won triumph. For Freedom, no but neither is irremediable. Hindus, wm mitt s©» woiis through social habits and institutional ess than Peace, is indivisible. The Muslims, Sikhs and v Christians alike devices; through religion, philosophy xeedom gained is not India's alone, have now to turn t .eir backs on the rt, beauty, grace, love; through the art )ut belongs to the world as a whole, painful past and beTid their energies to <*6 if life itself. tnd I am confident that India Is going the development o< a nobler and more &«&,#" / CALICUT \ o use it for the benefit of all the races comprehensive Motherland, under whose ! . If these are denied frustration will grow deeper life itself will be denied >f mankind. Independence should be protecting wings shall flourish unity, S-CO.. fulfilment. If these are given, Faith will ;omething more than the apotheosis of liberty, peace, progress and prosperity. VMOJHONF CD LTD, eap from heart to heart, and India will nationalism. It should be a charter Therefore, congratulations to you all. be lit up with a mighty enthusiasm. which will subserve that wider inter- Long Live India] ' IV THE HINDU, FRIDAY, AUGUST 15, 1947.

Commonwealth. Nevertheless His Ma- jesty's Government and the Govern- ment* of the Dominions still recognise INDIA AND PAKISTAN Ireland as a member of the Common- wealth. Indeed De Valera himself, when HEARTY GREETINGS TO ALL OUR PATRONS questioned on the point, replied in July. HOW THEY DIFFER FROM 1945, 'That is a question for which the ; § AND FRIENDS ON THIS material necessary for a conclusive 1 answer is not fully available. It depends | on what the essential element is in the | INDEPENDENCE DAY OTHER DOMINIONS constitution of the British Common- | By A Constitutional Expert wealth. The British Commonwealth § claims to be an elastic, gftwing, deve-,1, TIMES A memorable day in our aiuials, whe new Dominions but the qualifying clause loping organism and statesmen of the | ther It marks the end of the road or ii at the end is ''Unless it is extended Commonwealth have, I think, adopted 3 merely another milestone, whether, in thereto by a law of the Legislature of the view of Joseph De Maistje that 'in § plainer language, the two Dominions the Dominion". The difference between all political systems, -there are relation- 1 will remain Dominions or seek another the two clauses is significant; whereas in ships which it, is wiser to leave'. A great | RADIO Is of utmost importance to 4he goal, no one can tell but whatever the one case the Parliament of the United constitutional authority, the late Pro- 5 FUTURE of Free India. Every Indian GENERAL PAPERS LTD. future may bring, August 15th, 1947, i Kingdom can legislate for the Dominion fessor Keith, wrote as early as 1938, "Y § should know as much about this magic sure of a place in India's history. Let us (although at the request of the Domi- no place can be found in a Brjtish Com- | . instrument of science as possible. The Largest Stockists of papers, boards, stationery, book- consider dispassionately where we havi nion) in the other case, the effective monwealth for Republics, !then the | aim of this journal Is to serve the causa arrived. legislating authority is the Legislature enduring character of th» j Common- | of radio-mindedness in our country. of the Dominion itself. Thus it is clear wealth may well be doubted."i And only | cloth, printing inks etc. India has now become a full-fledged a month ago, when the I.ndiart Indepen- | Dominion, though she has parted with that India and Pakistan enjoy legislative Annual subscription Is only Rs. 10. some of her territory in the process. autonomy in a somewhat greater degree dence Bill was under discussion in thr | than Canada or Australia. House of Commons, a member, speak- j \ Send It by M.O. to-day, as copies 11 b 12, First Line Beach, There are many who regret this loss of ing of the Commonwealth as a Club. 11 are limited by paper control. territory; but there is no need to take compared the United Kingdom and tht j | MADRAS. too tragic a view of the event. It is not POSITION OF REPUBLICS the first time in her history that such a Dominions to ordinary senior' member? 11 thing has happened. The Straits Settle The question has sometimes been ask~- the Colonies to country member?, Eirr | Telegrams : " Popermall" 'Phone : 3075. ,ments were a presidency of India, liki ed whether the new Dominions are like- to a week-end member, the Argentine § RADIO TIMES OF INDIA Madras or Bombay, for over 40 years ly to become republics and secede from Republic to a foreign member, and so 29, NEW QUEENS ROAD, BOMBAY 4. Burma too was a province of India until the British Commonwealth. No one can on: tfie Commonwealth was. ii his view. Managing Agents: GANY & CO. about ten years ago. Both are now sepa predict with confidence what the- posi- a living vital thing, subject to constant rate, but India has survived these losse tion will be; but certain trends are change. These are indications that the and has almost forgotten them and now worth noticing. De Valera claims that conception of Commonwealth is in the Pakistan has become a separate Domi Eire or Ireland is an independent Re- process of development. Meanwhile it nion. Let us wish it well and let us hope public associated as a matter of external seems idle to speculate on the question that in process of time, all these terri policy with the States of the British of secession. tories, together with India herself, will evolve some form of organisation to serve their common needs and thus in some measure come together again. Th example of Australia and New Zealand is instructive. These are still nominally Dr. BESANT & INDIA'S separate Dominions: nevertheless com mon interests have drawn them together to such an extent that since 1944 they THE PUNJAB NATIONAL BANK, LTD. have set up a joint Secretariat with a FREEDOM branch in each Dominion to deal with a large number of matters of common concern. CHAMPION OF HOME RULE (Estd.: 1895) It Is not possible in a brief article to By B. SHIVA RAO , deal with all questions arising out o A GENERATION has grown up in 1 moves, she pursued the ides with cha- the Indian Independence Act or indeed sacteristic vigour, aided by an able to deal adequately with any of them. A India only vaguely conscious of the MONUMENT OF STRENGTH, STABILITY & SOLIDARITY few words on the more important immense services rendered by Dr. Annie collaborator, Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru. aspects of tht Act must suffice here. The Besant to the cause of National Free- Between them they produced a scheme dom. Fourteen years ago she passed for a National Convention of all parties w British Commonwealth of Nations has in India—the precursor of the Consti- sometimes been compared tp. a Club o' away, with her dream of a free India Offers Maximum Security & Efficieni Service. which the United Kingdom and theunfulfilled. To-day, with that goal in tuent Assembly—to draft a constitution sight, it is but appropriate that one for India without interference from 282 Offices all over India. Dominions are full members.. There is outside. '. complete equality among these members should ,Jook back to the stalwarts who Dollar Travelling Cheques sold in denominations and in no way are they subordinate one inspired and guided the struggle for The Convention met in New Delhi in to another. No new member of this class liberty in its earlier stages—Dadabhai 1924 and proceeded with its task of of $10, 20, 50 and 100 is admitted to the club without the con- Naoroji, Tilak, C. R. Das, Motilal Nehru framing a Constitution and produced, sent of the existing members and some and Annie Besant. in the following year, the Common- Agency connection with London & New York authorities go so far as to say that no Two great ideas Dr. Besant contribut- wealth of India Bill. It was not a re- Offices In Southern India 1 Alleppey -H vtm wider powers. This i» the result of dif- In the middle of the first world war Commons, as Mr. George Lansbury's bill ference in language between the Statute in 1916, when India's leading politicians, —a private member's measure—in the of Westminster and the Indian Indepen- the Moderates of Pherozeshah Mehta's absence of official recognition from the ••••«ti»«nni»»i8»i»»m«t dence Act. It must be remembered that school of thought, were thinking in Labour Government of that time under India and Pakistan have not been add- terms of a fresh political advance on the Mr. Ramsay MacDonald. There it re- ed to the Dominions enumerated in the basis of the Minto-Morley Reforms then mained, a bill which had obtained its Statute of Westminster. They have been in operation, she evolved the bold con- first hearing in Parliament—but could constituted Dominions by a separate and cegtion of Home Rule for India. It at progress no further. self-contained Act, the Indian Indepen- once captured the imagination of the EAST & WEST dence Act. The Dominions named in and younger generation which hailed her as Though the Commonwealth of India governed by the Statute of Westminster the leader of a new movement. Brush- Bill was thus seemingly lost in a mass of INSURANCE COMPANY, LIMITED are Canada, Australia, New Zealand ing aside a legalistic approach charac- private parliamentary bills, Dr. Besant's South Africa, the Irish Free State and teristic of the period, She sought for theidea of applying self-determination to (Estd. 1911) Newfoundland. A Dominion under the Home Rule League an emotional mass India began gradually to bear fruit. Con- Statute of Westminster like Canada or support. The Indian National Congress gress leaders like Mr. S. Srinivasa Iyen- HEAD OFFICE: Australia can repeal or amend "any and the Home Rule League as its princi- gar and Mr. C. Vijayaraghavachariar pal auxiliary, became, under her leader- produced their,own schemes, acknow- 'EAST & WIST BUILDING', APOLLO STREET, BOMBAY; existing or future Act of Parliament of ledging the debt they owed her. Later the United Kingdom" so far as it is part ship, instruments for carrying the mes- r sage to every section of the population. came the All-Parties Conference under (CHAIRMAN) RAI BAHADUR QIRDHARI LAL BAJAJ. of the law of the Dominion, that is to Pandit Motilal Nehru's leadership, with say, any Act existing when Statute was the Nehru Report representing the larg- A leading Indian Life Office in the service of I passed or enacted after the Statute was INTERESTING TECHNIQUE est measure of agreement then obtainable "Ifakand" STEEL CASTINGS to suit any passed but, be it noted, not the Statute in India—the" product of a movement County & Notional interest with 34 years' standing. itself. The corresponding provision in Her technique was interesting. At first similar to her National Convention. required specification!, have proved theii the Indian Independence Act is wider; the Moderates, apprehensive of the pace The Company with a distinctive place for each of the new Dominions can repeal she was setting for India's political pro- The completion of the Nehru Report, soundness and excellence or amend "this or any existing or future gress, placed themselves in virtual oppo- in the preparation of which Dr. Besant through yean oi experience. Efficiency, Progress & Soundness. Act of Parliament of the United King- sition to the demand for Home Rule. She played a great part, virtually marks the dom." There is thus an express power became the centre of an intense. If end of her political activities. Indian ANVILS ,, !t rll. A Company Good to Represent & Insure with. given to the new Dominions to modify somewhat controversial, agitation for a Nationalism took a sudden plunge to- even the Indian Independence Act itself. British declaration promising India com- wards complete independence, leaving super quality that made For Particulars please apply to: plete self-government. Her internment behind all the old moorings, including "Mukand's" ANVILS India's best Another variation from tht wording not only proved ineffective, but provid- the Nehru Report. J. S. REDDY, Esq., of th* Statute of Westminster is worth ed a powerful stimulus for the move- ment. Ultimately, a British declaration No one surveying the course of Indian Branch Secretary. noticing. Under that Statut* no Act ef politics in the period between the two 'EAST it WEST BUHJMNG," ESPLANADE, MADRAS. Parliament of the United Kingdom pass- came, associated with Mr. Montagu to- world wars can fail to note the signifi- ed after the Statute can extend to a wards the end of the war for India's cant and vital part played by Dr. Be- Kfrfbmrfl. RMtOflltti • M. K. PILLAI, Esq.,x Dominion as part of the law of the "progressive realisation of responsible sant in hastening the day of India's SI, Mihitnu Gindhl Dominion "unless it is expressly declar- government through the increasing asso- Superintendent of Agencies, ciation of Indians with every branch of freedom. Into her work she brought a Bombu. NANDHIKOIL STREET TEPPAKULAM. TRICHINOPOLY. ed in that Act that the Dominion has high standard of precision, sincerity and ( Managing Atenls JEEWAN LTD. ) requested and consented to tha enact- the administration." whole-hearted devotion which entitle ment thereof." The Indian Independence It seemed a ponderously feeble and her to a lasting place among the great- /F. NUE.EOMB.iY.IO.- BADaMISAGH, I A H Act contains a similar provision for the half-hearted response to India'* passion- est of India's servants. ate plea for equality of status. "Unwor- Mil thy of Britain to offer, and of India to accept" was Dr. Besant's first reaction to the declaration. Then followed a phase of conferences, deputations to London, NSW9J^WffgBS^S^^S9w^/ii negotiations and detailed d&cussions in India—all seeking to liberalise the icope of the British declaration. She remained NATION'S NEEDS a critic, as long as there was the least hope of securing a more satisfactory MET BY scheme from the British Cabinet. Once the scheme was ready for introduction, she offered discriminating support. To many of her colleagues in th* Con- NATIONAL INDUSTRY gress, it seemed an incomprehensible change of attitude. They failed to cee ANAND BROTHERS GRAMS; her point of view that acceptance of Rollingmills the Montagu-Chelmsford Constitution, MANUFACTURERS' AGENTS & DISTRIBUTORS, with all its limitations, was only a step towards the ultimate goal, not its repu- OFFICE: diation. For her it was an extremely 334/ Thambu Chetty Street, •Phone: 2999 vsTj difficult decision to take in circumstances of extraordinary complexity. The final 1 scheme, the result of many inevitable G. T\, MADRAS. WORKS : compromises, could not stand compari- •Phone: 317T son with the conception of Home Rule Telephone: 3648. Telegrams : BETELNUTS. or complete self-governmeht for India. There was another complicating factor. The disappointment caused by the whit- tling down of the original reforms was not as serious as the indignation which With their network of sales organisations swept through India over the tragedy of Aijritsar in 1919 and the excesses of throughout South India and Bombay, martial law administration in the Pun- jab. It was the moment of Gandhiji's appearance on the scene as a front-rank Presidency, they" are in an unique position leader with his non-co-operation move- ment and the boycott of the legislatures. to offer full cofer for all the manufacturers Dr. Besant could not reconcile herself to andhiji's movement and the policy of represented by them. boycott. The decision to oppose him was painful and costly. It meant parting com- pany with several valued colleagues who preferred to throw the weight of their influence on Gandhiji's side, and the MANUFACTURING sacrifice of her immense popularity built up during the war. Nevertheless, as Bengal Belting Works, Ltd, Calcutta those who were associated with her at the time can testify, she did not abandon hope, nor remain idle. While the rest of India was busy with carrying out Gan- Maya Engineering Works Calcutta nmm. mm M«S . dhiji's programme, she turned her atten- tion to the next stage in India's political LOOK FOB AtUM.NiUM, BRASS, c lware art i.»ou« THIS MARK tee S development Drug House (India), Lid. Calcutta BEFORE SELF-DETERMINATION YOU BUY AN* .11 VESSEL Self-Government for India was no longer in dispute, though on the pace Pyrethrum Products (India), Ltd. Calcutta Vessels. Pure q«^SSWARES. of advance there were inevitably sharp differences of opinion. The new idea Dr. Besant sponsored was self-' ggfftt determination. Mr. Lloyd George's Reliance Assurance Co., Ltd. Bangalore City phrase, coined for a very different pur- pose with no relevance or significance A$£*™» for India. She turned it to India's prac- tical benefit. Self-government, accord- OFFICES AT ing to her, was meaningless, unless it was conceived by Indians in a form 'SUNBRAND' essentially in conformity with the coun- I BANGALORE — BOMBAY — SHOLAPUR try's political genius: a Constitution, STANDS FOR PURITY & QUALITY in other words, which was modelled BEZWADA. — SECUNDERABAD — SHIMOGA OFFICES: WORKS: on her indigenous institutions. AND GOIMBATORE. 124, MINT STREET, MADRAS TONDIAEPET In one sense, the project could not have been ushered into being under KESHAVLAL K. SHAH more unfavourable circumstances. Un- MANAGING PARTNER deterred by the indifference and even the hostility of a number of Indian leaders, many of them her erstwhile supporters, who were suspicious of her THE HINDU, FRIDAY, AUGUST 15, 1947.

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0.JK-6I THE HINDU, FRIDAY, AUGUST 16, 1947. VH NETAJIBOSE AND THE INDIAN NATIONAL ARMY THE NATIONAL ENGINEERING CO., FREEDOM MOVEMENT IJN; MADRAS, EAST ASIA Importers, Contractors, Machinery & By 8. C. ALAGAPPAN Wa}.-Gtn. I. N. A..) General Merchants. «*• ~~~. =, INDIA hai been under foreign yoke for from all concerned. Besides organisa- well nigh over two centuries. From tional capacity and administrative =^l the first war of Indian Independence in ability, absolute sincerity to the cause DEALERS IN 1857, otherwise misnamed the Sepoy and total sacrifice with the spirit of Mutiny, many types of struggle have Bushido were needed for leadership, so Oil Engines, Pumps, Pumping Sets, been launched, in and ex-India, for the as to be a shining example for others Electric Motors, Expellers, Electri- liberation of our motherland. Whether to follow. the method adopted was violent or non- Every one worked hard and sacrificed cal Goods, Boilers, Flour and Oil Mills, violent, open or subversive, civil or to their utmost; and when the end came, mi military, individual or collective, inside there were no regrets. On 14th August -— Radios, Agricultural and Workshop or outside India, the objective was the 1945, Netaji, the undaunted leader, ad- same in all cases, namely, the attain- dressed a huge gathering in Singapore, Machinery, Beltings, etc. ment of freedom, which was our birth- when he stated that, even if the three right On the dawn oj our freedom, our million Indians in East Asia should mind naturally brings home to us In aperish to the last man, the sacrifice was kaleidoscopic manner the varying types nothing as compared to the freedom of of struggle launched by our leaders, crores of our sisters and brothers at from the distant past upto the present home for many many years to come. date, for our emancipation. Not the least Netaji then prophesied that the effect AGENTS FOR important and noteworthy among them of the military campaign of the I.N.A. is the Indian Independence Movement in East Asia would be to create an im- HIGGINBOTHAMS - ESPLANADE - MADRAS: launched in East Asia by Netaji Subhas pression on the British Indian Army Chandra Bose, together with the forma- and ultimately make them politically V- fill LA--^ 1 PfMUCiftS rSffflff if €le3r f"nil;. tion of the Provisional Government of conscious. In fact, this has been borne Enlarged or Reduce ef, 1r u "* Azad Hind, the Indian National Army out even by Premier Attlee in his to Sesl* tn Pa pet* intf II BC>' which was the Government's sword- momentous statement on the eye of the arm and the various auxiliary units for Cabinet Mission to India. Netaji believed iafcinl small ieStltffSj - Iw St «*• • THE NATIONAL ENGINEERING CO., the efficient conduct of the campaign. A in the inner strength of India as the :M\ Purpose*. 379, Esplanade Road, Madras. short resume of Netaji's historic contri- real strength of our movement in East •i bution to the freedom of India is the Asia. He knew that the propaganda ml tetfmsln! Drawing* for f¥sduttton on least tribute his adherents and country- value of the mSitary campaign con- men can pay in memory thereof, on the ducted in East Asia would be immense Materta! Satiable' fw Contftcf f*ritiling. dawn of freedom. in our motherland. This fact has been §§= Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose was fif fw furttoi* islikilv Is: JlHIHHthllfil I JI amply proved by the universal enthu- jnmrnnHiHmimHinmiiimiiiiTrifmiiimrmirrmmmntHiimimmu without doubt a far-sighted, realistic siasm evinced throughout the length fiilitWIIillifi »8 iiftits, type of leader. He knew that World and breadth of India during the historic War No. II was bound to materialise I.NA. trials. fe£b- sooner or later as a natural corollary to the Versailles Treaty. He knew that our NETAJI'S IDEOLOGY motherland could not be liberated un- Those who took part in the struggle less a military campaign was launched for the freedom of India during the last from outside India. He knew also that six decades and over, have had their re- facilities could be obtained for such a ward in the dawn of freedom to-day. campaign only from Britain's enemies But the heart of India has been lace- and not from Britain's allies during the rated by the secession of certain areas. course of World War II. With these To call the award of Dominion Status basic ideas, he made good his escape as 'Independence' is a misnomer. Netaji's from India and proceeded first to Ger- ideology of a united, independent India many and thence to Japan. has not been fulfilled. To achieve this GOLDEN OPPORTUNITY goal a long range policy is essential; and the campaign for its fulfilment has Netaji arrived in Singapore on July to be conducted chiefly among the 4, 1943. The Indian Independence masses in Pakistan. The I.N.A. conven- Movement had already been launched tion, held recently in Cawnpore, has in East Ada by the late Rash Behari decided to form an I.N.A. Association Bose, veteran nationalist exiled in on an extensive and comprehensive Japan. The old leader handed over basis with branches in all areas of the charge to the new arrival, Subhas Chan- world, where Indians are resident, with o.r, dra Bose, who was acclaimed as 'Netaji'. a view to fulfilling Netaji's ideology of Within a few weeks of his arrival, a united independent India in the long Netaji became the live wire between run. y*t Japan and the different occupied coun- OWV& tries of East Asia; and brought under his The decision of the Government of x^* fold all the Indians resident therein. He Madras, Bombay, Central Provinces and explained to them the imperative ne- West Bengal to release a large number cessity for utilising the golden oppor- of political prisoners is a happy augury tunity that presented itself at the mo- to the advent of freedom. The C. P. ment to Indians in East Asia. His simple Government have further decided to yet effective arguments were unassail- compensate all those who suffered eco- able and extremely convincing. His sin- nomic disabilities during the August cerity to our cause and hli honesty of Revolution in 1942. It is to b« hoped purpose were self-evident. The words that all the other Provincial Govern- "Netaji will not sell our country to the ments will adopt similar measures. Japanese" resounded in everybody's After the historic trials of the heroes of ears. Netaji became the most popular the I.NA. R.I.N. and R.I.A.F. public en- figure not only among all Indians, but thusiasm has waned considerably in re- i v v^ also among the different nations In East gard to these groups. With the transfer Asia, who were attracted to him by his of power to Indian hands, it would be dynamic personality, fearless conduct, a test of sincerity If the economic dis- sterling character, charming manner abilities of the members of the I.N.A. and childlike simplicity. and other groups are really remedied. Imprisonment, loss of service, forfeiture Netaji took charge of the Inelian Na- of pay, pensions and emoluments and THE CENTRAL SCIENTIFIC SUPPLIES CO., LTD. tional Army and expanded it OM 1248 liaison had to be availed for obtaining all facilities under control owing to the fact that the Japanese had sovereignty rights in the occupied areas. On January 6, 1944, the Headquarters of the Provisional Government of Azad ENGINEERS Hind and of the Supreme Command of the T* UNION COMPANY (HOIKS) L». I.N.A. were moved to Rangoon. On Feb- ruary 4, the brave soldiers of the I.N.A. had crossed the border and entered into India. By June, the I.N.A. had surround- COACH BUILDING MOUNT ROAD, MADRAS ed Imphal and were battering away at SHEET META1 its outer ramparts. Later, owing to the advent of Inclement weather, the I.N.A. had to withdraw into Burma. The sub- WORKERS DISTRIBUTORS OF sequent story of the heroic battles SPRAY PAINTING waged by the I.N.A. In various fronts in Burma till (he fall of Rangoon on STANDARD, WOLSELEY b May 1, 1945, and the circumstances of the final surrender of the I.N.A. to the BODY REPAIRING NASH CARS British forces in Malaya on September 5, 1945, are well known. The final scene of Netaji's military campaign was en- MORRIS-COMMERCIAL TRUCKS acted in the Red Fortress of Delhi dur- EXPORTERS ing the historic trials by Military courts AND martial of the brave I.N.A. officers and men, most of whom are unfortunately still within prison-bars. B. S. A. MOTOR CYCLES Of all the great principles brought Into practical application during the i AND entire phase of the movement, the "Unity of India' deserves special mention. Netaji's I.N.A. was created with a AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERS view to be a living example to future free India; and in that I.N.A., religious, communal and other such differences were unknown. The fact that such BRANCHES AT: unity still persists to-date, among all HEAl the members of the I.N.A., despite their 8/9, BRIGADE ROAD, BANGALORE AND economic hardship, proves that it was ft ON) by no means ephemeral. Faith in our HES: BANGALC GARDEN ROAD, OOTY. cause and readiness for sacrifice by voluntary total self-mobilisation were insisted on and willingly, forthcoming Tim THE HINDU, FRIDAY, AUGUST 15, 1947.

full prominence in 1920 with his cult of Satyagraha based on truth and non- 92* *»» *£t 4£Si SWARAJ THROUGH violence. The new movement was subject to the three usual stages of neglect, con- tempt and opposition before it worked Its OXFORD PUBLISHING SATHYAGRAHA way across numerous difficulties on to what may be roughly regarded as the im- mediate goal of Swaraj. Its first achieve- ment was to secure the willing consent of 5VHAT THE NATION OWES the apostles of force to stay their hand TO THE CONGRESS for a while. 1478 2947 The Congress has attempted to oust the foreign Power successively by physical, By Dr. B. PATTABHI 8ITARAMAYYA intellectual and moral forces. The vio- lence movement that lay interspersed INDIA'S freedom hat not been the ex-W. C. Bonnerjee, Surendranath Baner- with the Congress programme in 1897 rpHl OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS II a department of the Uni- elusive conception or dream of any jee, Ananda Mohan Bose. Gokhale, Tilak when LJeut. Rand and Capt. Ayrst were versity of Oxford, controlled by a University Committee single political party. It is a compendi- Chandavarkar, Malavya, Ayodhyanath, shot down in Bombay in the days of the (the Delegates of the Press, whose ex officio chairman is the Vice- ous expression of a whole nation's Dr. Bahdurjee, Sir Pherozshah Mehta, Plague, again in the cult of the bomb Chancellor for the time being) and administered by a hierarchy of longing even as It is the combined de- Wacha and Dadabhai Naoroji. Vijayara- and the revolver between 1908 and 1919, officials appointed by that Committee. The Oxford University Press mand of a whole nation's agitation. The ghavachari. Anandacharlu, Sankara had to its credit the sacrifice and self- is not a company and has no shareholders. All profits are used in Congress is but the vociferous mouth- Nair, Srinivasa Iyengar and Motilai effacing patriotism of thousands of young the publication of books of intrinsic value which have not a suffi- piece, the organ and limb, the instru- Nehru, we need lay little. Their life, work men notably from Bengal, U.P. and the ciently wide sale to support themselves. The present Secretary to the ment and agent of such a nation in is far too fresh in our memories to re-Punjab. But In the main the Congress Delegates is Mr Kenneth Sisam, and under him is the editorial and solutions bondage. Organisation leads, enlivens quire any detailed elaboration. Not oneapplied its mind to solve the problem and production department known as the Clarendon Press which !# iMt and activates a people. The Congress part of India has lagged behind another use intellectual powers to argue with and produces the learned works and educational books, from the great has done so for sixty years. An organi- in the whole-hearted support accorded to convince the British first about the Oxford English Dictionary to the Readers for Infant Schools. These sation sees as it moves, develops as it the Congress in its labours for the re-greater chare in the administration due to books are distributed for the University by the Publisher, works, rises as it labours. It is thus that covery of national freedom. The Con-Indians, then about partial share In the Mr Geoffrey Cumberlege, from the London Office and through the the Congress which was groping in the gress represented all parts and commu- various branches throughout the world. iioUonai f(o^ dark when it was started (1883), began nities of India. ule itself of the nation and finally full share in the Government of the People to feel and find its way in a couple of by the People, for the People. It is said THE INDIAN BFANCH of the Oxford University Press is one of decades (1905), broaden its vision and PRE-GAJfbHIAN POLITICS that when Abraham Lincoln used this ex- the youngest offshoots of the tree planted in Oxford more than 480 widen its outlook as It conceive^ Home A charge is sometimes brought pression, his real emphasis was laid on years ago. For the first hundred years development was slow, but Rule and finally rose to the altitudes of against the earlier progenitors of the the noun people and not on the pre- from 1585 the Press has been carried on regularly from Oxford, and Swaraj and thus think and act in wide Congress that their vision was neither positions 'of. 'by' and 'for'. So did the during the last few generations, under the direction of Henry Frowde curves and broad sweeps. and Sir Humphrey Mllford, it has spread like a banyan tree and full nor clear. But it is generally for- ongress. dropped aerial roots throughout the world. The comparison with a What lay behind these labours, where- gotten that when a driver drives his car in a fog he sees only his path in GANDHIJI'S LEADERSHIP OF banyan tree is not inapt, for the overseas branches are not mere from arose the inspiration and spirit of CONGRESS distributors—they themselves publish books of special Interest to the sacrifice that have achieved the free- bits and is content to drive his vehicle areas in which they are established, and the Oxford University Press dom of the Nation? Who are the lead- nevertheless for the faith in him en- The Congress took up this third stage imprint appears on books published in New York, Melbourne, Toronto. ers of such a noble cause pursued ables him to realise that as he pro-under the leadership of Gandhi who in- Cape Town, Bombay, Calcutta and Madras as well as on books pub- under the banner of freedom and plan- gresses his vision becomes fuller and augurated the movement of non-co-ope- lished by the Clarendon Press at Oxford and by Geoffrey Cumberlege. ned for the purpose ot self-realisation? clearer. If, therefore, upto 1905 the ration and passive resistance which had It is of special interest to record that Mr Cumberlege was for seven The inspiration arose from an awaken- founders of the Congress emphasised been experimented with in Transvaal, on years, from 1920 to 1927, the manager of the Indian Branch of the ed consciousness of slavery. The sacri- administrative reforms rather than the the basis of non-violence and developed Press, and himself opened the branch at Calcutta. fice of thousands was the price paid ultimate destiny of India, it was'because it by raising its tempo steadily into Civil for freedom. The leadership changed the journey to Swaraj had to be conduc- Disobedience and Sathyagraha. This The Bombay branch was opened in 1912, the Madras branch In from time to time and from movement ted in relays and no sensible man canmovement did not attract the English- 1913, and the Calcutta branch in 1920, and local publishing started to movement. Let us study them in some blame the traveller for not doing educated middle classes, but was taken to immediately. Since that time many textbooks for school and college little detail. the last relay while he is yet not with a gusto by the unsophisticated mass- students have been produced, and they form the bulk of the thousand out of the first. The first twenty es under the leadership of a few men of titles published during the thirty-five years of the life of the Indian Political reputations are short-lived. years of the Congress, therefore, vision, with the result that those who at branch. When the active characters in the drama witnessed the laying of the founda- first chose to scoff, remained in the end to of politics appear on the stage and dis- tions of the edifice of Swaraj. In 1905-6 Apart from textbooks, the Press in India has produced a number appear from it, they hold the field for pray. During this final phase the Con- of general books, of which perhaps the best-known is the series of there was a hasty attempt to build the gress made Swaraj its object in 1920, de- Oxford Pamphlets on Indian Affairs. Minoo Masani's Our India won ffWf(MT»W*i6«*«> a whil« and their names shoot up like plinth but the work had to be stopped fined it as complete independence, in 1929, instant recognition and has been studied in almost every province and rockets, but when their labours, alto- and the slogan of Swaraj was therefore waged three battles of Sathyagraha first State, in the country: it is now available in ten languages. Moraet gether spectacular, cease, their names shortlived. Bepin Chandra Pal, Arabindo in 1921 when Gandhi was only 50 years and Stimson's Introduction to India went rapidly into six editions, also fade away from public memory. Ghosh. Lala Lajput Rai and Balaganga- old and his consent was obtained reluc- and Jim Corbett's Man-eaters of Kumaon has had the rare distinction This is generally true of politicians but dhar Tilak and Dr. Moonje were the tfntly, then in 1930 when Gandhi was of being chosen by the Book-of-the-Month Club in America and by there are besides these certain nation- great leaders of the day. It was only when Sxty and with his wholehearted initia- the Book Society in England. Another recent book is The Mind of builders whose contributions to the up-the bricks of Swadeshi and boycott and tive and finally in 1940-45 when he was Mahatma Gandhi, compiled by R. K. Prabhu and U. R. Rao, while building of the nation are substantial the mortar of national education were 70-75 under his direct inspiration and My Early Life by M. K. Gandhi, arranged and edited by Mahadeo and abiding. They may or may not have ready that the plinth was well-built, so guidance. "Quit India" was his war cry Desai, has been read in school and out for the last fifteen years. The figured in the limelight on the stage and that Mrs. Besant and her fellow workers raised on April 18. 1942, and the Bri- publication of Raja Rao's The Cow of the Barricade* launched a drawn applauses from admiring audi- might take on hand from 1915 the erec- series of books of special interest to Indian readers—TBB CHAMTAK ences but their work lives for ever. tish have quit India on August 15, 1947. tion of the walls of this great structure. If therefore, the country's economic LIBRARY. Besides short stories, THE CHAMPAK LIBRARY will Include All leaders of thought in the Con-Dr. Besant's work brought a new spirit novels, plays, books of essays, travel and biography, and English >rogress is realigned through resuscita- translations of books popular in Indian languages. gress need not have shone forth from into the national movement, arising from tion of home crafts, if its social reform the platform. The Press has been for a nation-wide organisation of the com-is assured through the elevation of the over half a century a silent but effec- mon people. The era of tha English- Another early development of the INDIAN BRANCH was the educated middle men definitely received Depressed Classes and its moral uplift publication of books in Indian languages: works in no lets than I tive participant in the processes of guaranteed through prohibition, if edu- nineteen different languages (apart from English) have been national regeneration. The Congress has a setback, but the youth of the nation cation has been nationalized and admi- received for decades effective support had been for some tim» impatient. On published. Arrangements have recently been made with Penguin nistration of justice is taken to villages Books Ltd., for the issue of Bengali, Hindi, Marathl and Tamil from newspapers like THE HINDU of Mad- April 30, 1908, a bomb at Muzflerpore through panchayats and the mother- ras, and the Amrita Bazar Patrika of meant for Mr. Kingsford, the District versions of some of their Puffin Books, and these brightly litho- THE INDO-COMMERCIAl BANK. LTD. ;ongue Is rehabilitated in provinces with graphed little books will soon be made available to our children. Calcutta. Their past Editors, managers Magistrate, fell upon two women—Mrs. he national language fixed once for all, Authorised CupiUS , Rt. HfitJM and founders like the late G. Subra- and Miss Kennedy and killed them. That if the poor man is assured of his food Apart from the parent Press In Oxford, the famous Clarendon Ituiod atid ftihMribeil C*pit*i ... fit M,4s,ooo mania Aiyar, M. Veeraraghavachari, N. was the beginning of the cult of violence and raiment, shelter, education and Press, the Oxford University Press has no Printing Press, and rellet Paid-up Capital ... Bs. 1&78.00B Subbarow Pantulu, and Kasturi Ranga which spasmodically worked for a decade medication, it is the Congress that has upon local establishments for the printing of its publications. Reserve Fund ,, Its »>O*,4O0 Iyengar, Motilal Ghosh, Shishir Kumar and over until it was suspended through the exhortations of Gandhi who appeared taken the initiative in National Recon- Tutsi Resourcei E*««ed ft$ SU Cror« Ghosh form a galaxy of Congressmen struction as the basis for the country's of no mean reputation. Of men like on the Indian scene in 1915, but came into OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 1 Oillff? in Manias €*>:>• freedom. I'HI.S \ B\/.\AP !k\Y!> - :."WR\LAM - The Congress has thus played not only I a notable part in India's freedom strug- '»»»»»»^<»<»$»»»»$»»»4>»»»»»»»»»»»$»»«'<'«»»»»»»»00»»J» MVL.M'ORn - if,rui'Fr - TI:;SI K ANE gle, but helped liberate South-East Asia \ND .« RKAWIif.*-. 1\ XlOFrMH, 1 »tt,VS n her emancipation from, the foreign m FiMd DepotU* lecrivtd lor on* y«*i 8 3*4™. |*r BIRTHDAY OF FREE ir-oke. It has proved that the moral me- i*if»n"; .*ird for hu* j«art- ® Sli p*r annum thod Is superior to the physical and the Savings Sank kmntnti opdjf.t s':d laiertst intellectual methods and that the soul- 1 force has the merit of a constructive aii( < t,i • ;54"- pr» alburn tjj>t>i H* KV '^. INDIA power as against brute force. It has esta- Current Account* ertrifd »ad I''t\-,->">; t'^wsi* blished once for all that the wars of the t ')'. rv. -,'.•'1,4*! future shall be neither wars for territory Loan* «rt(J ftfj¥i«»t apaii«i Bull; mantra' us, but for Asia and the whole world; importance. But by whatever means, the of truth and overpower the demon of AND METALWARES FROM for it signifies the entry into the comity division must and will go. For without violence by the ministering angel of of nations of a new power with untold it the destiny of India might be seriously Ahimsa. NON-FERROUS METALS potentialities which has a great part to impaired and even frustrated. But that play in determining the political, social, must not be. AND ALLOYS. cultural and spiritual future of huma- Asia bat arisen and large parts of it nity. To me personally it must naturally have been liberated or are at this "The English have taught us that be gratifying that this date which was moment being liberated: its other still e were not one nation before and notable only for me because it was my subject parts are moving through what- that it will require centuries before own birthday celebrated annually by ever struggles towards freedom. Only a we become one nation. This is with- those who have accepted my gospel of little has to be done and that will be aut foundation. We were one nation life, should have acquired this vast signi- dona to-day or to-morrow. There India jefore they came to India. One thought ficance. As a mystic, I take this identifi- has her part to play and has begun to nspired us. Our mode of life was the cation, not as a coincidence or fortuitous play It with an energy and ability which same. It was because we were one accident but as a sanction and seal of already indicate the measure of her pos- lation that they were able to egta- the Divine Power which guides my steps sibilities and the place she can take in lish one kingdom. Subsequently they on the work with which I began life. the council of the nations. livided us."—Mahatma Gandhi. V. S. RATHNAM A COMPANY, Indeed almost all the world movements (Managing Agents) which I hoped to see fulfilled in my UNIFICATION OF MANKIND lifetime, though at that time they, looked like impossible dreams, I can observe The unification of mankind is under 40^^^^/ on this day either approaching fruition way, though only in an imperfect ini- tiative, organised but struggling against or initiated and on the way to their tremendous difficulties. But the mo- achievement. mentum is there and, if the experience I have been asked for a message on of history can be taken as a guide, it this great occasion, but I am perhaps must inevitably increase until it con- Setrvice hardly in a position to give one. All I quers. Here too India has begun to play ADDISON & CO., LTD. can do is to make a personal declaration a prominent part and, if she can deve- of the aims and ideals conceived in mylop that larger statesmanship which is Phone: 84046 (3 lines) MOUNT ROAD, MADRAS 2. Gr«m$ : " ADWSONCO* childhood and youth and now watched not limited by the present facts and im in their beginning of fulfilment, because mediate possibilities but looks into th< Manufacturers and Engineers, Automobile Distributors, Body Builders, they are relevant to the freedom of future and brings it nearer, her pre Importers and Exporters, Merchants and Factory Representatives, India, since they are a part of what I sence may make all the difference bet believe to be India's future work, some- ween a slow and timid and a bold and Printers, Engraven and Die Stampers. thing in which she cannot but take a swift development. A catastrophe may leading position. For I have alv^kys held intervene and interrupt or destroy wha' and said that India was arising, not to is being done, but even then the fina DISTRIBUTORS FOR: serve her own material interests only, to result is sure. For in any case the unifi- achieve expansion, greatness, power and cation is a necessity in the course of prosperity—though these too she must Nature, an inevitable movement and its CARS TRUCKS not neglect—and certainly not like achievement can be safely foretold. Its others to acquire domination of other necessity for the nations also isr clear, ARMSTRONG SID&ELEY DODGE peoples, but to live also for God andfor without it the freedom of the small CHRYSLER FARGO the world as a helper and leader of the peoples can never be safe hereafter MORRIS DELIVERY VANS whole human race. Those aims and and even large and powerful nations DAIMLER ideals were in their natural order these: cannot really be secure. India, if she re- DESOTO MORRIS UTELICON a revolution which should achieve India's mains divided, will not herself be sure freedom and her unity; the resurgence of her safety. It is therefore to the inte- DODGE and liberation of Asia and her return rest of all that union should take place. LANCHESTER MOTOR CYCLES to the great role which she had played Only human imbecility and stupid sel- in the progress of human civilisation; fishness could prevent it. Against that, M. G. & RILEY FRANCIS BARNET (Power Bykes) the rise of a new, a greater, brighter it has been said, even the gods strive MORRIS MATCHLESS and nobler life for mankind which for in vain; but it cannot stand for ever its entire realisation would rest out- against the necessity of Nature and the PLYMOUTH TRIUMPH wardly on an international unification of Divine Will. Nationalism will then have the separate existence of the peoples, fulfilled itself; an international spirit preserving and securing their national and outlook must grow up and inter- "CHRYSLER AIRTEMP" life but drawing them together into an national forms and institutions: even it t/llRTfMP >verriding and consummating oneness; may be such developments as dual or HEATING, COOLING & AIR-CONDITIONING EQUIPMENT :he gift by India of her spiritual know- multilateral citizenship and a voluntary ledge and her means for the spiritualisa- fusion of cultures may appear in the :ion of life to the whole race; finally, process of the change and the spirit of AGENTS FOR: a new step in the evolution which, by nationalism losing its militancy may uplifting the consciousness to a higher find these things perfectly compatible Roneo Office Equipment. Rudge Whitworth Bicycles. Teles Portable Chain Sow*. level, would begin the solution of the with the integrity of its own outlook. A Royal Typewriters. "Hardiproof" Wood "Asbestos" Jointing. many problems of existence which have new spirit of oneness will take hold of perplexed and vexed humanity since the human race. Regal Rebuilt Typewriters. Preservative. "Culmino" Jointing. men began to think and to dream of The spiritual gift of India to the world Ellams Ribbons, Carbons & "Spartan" and "Velox" "Imperial Tough" Joirifatf. individual perfection and a perfect has already begun. India's spirituality Stencils. "Neoprene" Cork Jomtinf. tociety. is entering Europe and America in an Enamels and Paints. ever-increasing measure. That move- Ellams Duplicator. Castrol Lubricating OH. "DID" Cork Jointing. "PARTITION MUST GO" ment will grow, amid the disasters of Todd Protectograph Cheque Geigy Neocid DDT. "Achilles" Tinning the time more and more eyes are turn- India Is free but she has not achieved ing towards her with hope and there is Writers. "Triplex" Safety Glass. Compound. nity, only a fissured and broken free- even an increasing resort not only to Universal & Leda Numbering Ripaults Cables. "Impervious" Dvctik. lom. At one time it almost seemed as if her teachings but to her psychic and he might relapse into the chaos of spiritual practice. Machines. Olympic Spark Plugs. Roofing Compound. eparate States which preceded the Bri- ish conquest. Fortunately there has now The rest is still a personal hope and H. M. V. Refrigerators and S. Smith & Sons, "Crystalux" Glass Substitute. eveloped a strong possibility that this an idea and ideal which has begun to Air-Conditioning Equipment. (Speedometer Parts). N. E. M. Car Insurance, HINDUSTHflN iisastrous relapse will be avoided. The take hold both in India and in the West Murphy Radio Sets, Roberts, Trucks, Trolleys and Lucas Products. visely drastic policy of the Constituent on forward-looking minds. The difficul- COOPERATIVE INSURANCE \ssembly makes it possible that the ties in the way are more formidable Tilley Lamps. Wheels. R. & M. Bearings. tt«. >roblem of the depressed classes will be than in any other field of endeavour, Q. B. M. Diesel Engine*. olved without schism or fissure. But the but difficulties were made to be over- SOCIETY LIMITED )ld communal division into Hindu and come and if the Supreme Will is there, Bios Pile Pills. H INflUSTHAN 4. CHITTRANJAN Muslim seems to have hardened into the they will be overcome. Here too, if this BUILDINGS AVENUE. C-ALCUTTA Igure of a permanent political division evolution is to take place, since it must if the country. It is to be hoped that come through a growth of the spirit and MANUFACTURERS OF: he Congress and the nation will not the inner consciousness, the initiative FIRE FIGHTING APPARATUS, "ACME" BRAKE FLUID, "APEX" Note Books, Diaries, Shorthand iccept the settled fact as for ever settled can come from India and although the Note Books, etc., Engineering Equipment & Accessories; Pharmaceutical Product*, "ACME" Car Polish, etc. r as anything more than a temporary scope must be universal, the central MADRAS DIVISIONAL OFFICEi ixpedient. For if it lasts, India may bemovement may be hers. SPARE PARTS FOR: "Hlndusthan Buildings", 107, Armenian Street, Madras. 1. eriously weakened, even crippled: civil Such is the content which I put into Chrysler Group Cars, Daimler & Lanchester Cars, Morris, Armstrong, Slddeley, M. Q. ft Rilay Can. ANDHRA BRANCH I BANGALORE BRANCH: trife may remain always possible, pos- this date of India's liberation: whether "Hindusthan Buildings", No. 7, Kempegowda Road, ible even a new invasion and foreign or how far or how soon this connexion Branches ati BANGALORE, WELLINGTON (Nllglris) & NEW DELHI. 30/36, Rajagopalachari Rd., Bezwada Bangalore City. onqucst. The partition of the country will be fulfilled, depends upon this new must go—it is to be hoped by a slacken- and free India. THE HINDU, FRIDAY, AUGUST 15, 1947. IX STATES AND THE THE FUTURE IS UNION IN OUR HANDS Political emancipation should go 1898 hand in hand with economic THE GREEN SHOP SIGNIFICANCE OF ACCESSION JLfft. V. K. KRISHNA MENON, the emancipation. Established BANGALORE. •*• newly appointed High Commissioner By K. M. PANIKKAR in London, has been Secretary of the India League in London for 18 yean. (")NE major political achievement, th« Defence, External Affairs and Commu- He it a Madrasi and there is no more • significance of which has not been nications, but this accession is complete familiar figure in the Indian commu- We wont our millions to be well fee", well fully appreciated, stands to the credit of in so far as exclusive legislative power nity in the British capital. Mr. Menem .Stand Supreme in Quality, the leaders of the Indian Government. is transferred to the Federation in the has been in the forefront of a sus- clothed ond well educated. For thot we wont By an act of constructive statesmanship matters specified under these three cate- tained campaign to enlighten British money; we wont olround indujtrioHsation. Value and Service, they have for the first time constitu- gories. It was a commonplace of law people on the India question. His tionally integrated the States with the that neither the British Parliament, nor viewt on India's great day were given Independent India must have e strong economic rest of India. In the result, the indepen- the Indian Legislature could in the past in an interview with the London Cor- Centre. To capitalise your money In the dent India we proclaim to-day is tome- legislate for Indian States. To-day the respondent of THE HINDU. SILKS - WOOLLENS - DRESS GOODS - thing which has never' in fact existed position is different. In respect of the industrial development ef India ond for KNITTING WOOLS - HOSIERY - TOOTAL before, a unity which Asoka was nomattert s to which they have acceded the By V. K. KRISHNA MENON better return, co-operate with CO-OPERATIVB able to establish and the Moghuls were National Parliament has the right of PRODUCTS - VIYELLA FLANNELS. never able to achieve. So far as thelegislation even inside the States. The The great enthusiasm with which we INSURANCE SOCIETY. British authority was concerned its authority of the Governor-General, the all welcome this day of India's indepen- direct sovereignty extended only to the Federal Court and all other Federal in- dence is necessarily marred by the fact We have policies te eater Wlvfduol Provinces and whatever unity they were stitutions extends to the States in that India has had to purchase freedom able to enforce had no constitutional or regard to these three matters. In fact by the loss of unity. Let no one, how- needs. 15-8-1947 legal basis, but was based on the over- by their signing the Instrument of Ac-ever, mistake the fact that struggle has Telegrams s ^ Telephone: whelming force of a "Paramount cession, the States have become parts of brought true freedom to our country. If "Gretashop" ** 215 *Day of power". Over a third of India continued the Indian Union, while safeguarding the masses of our people do not realise to be independent and had been fitted their autonomy and sovereignty in all as our leaders h&ve done that Britain is THE SOUTH INDIA CO-OPERATIVE INSURANCE Independence into an administrative structure with- other matters. really quitting, Ihey will be making a out even the semblance of legal autho- mistake and it is a mistake that will rity. The Act of Accession which changes harm us and nobody else, because we SOCIETY, LIMIHD the constitutional position is no doubt shall still be fighting under slogans POST BOX No. 182, MADRAS. To-day the position is different. The limited to essential subjects and does which have become out of date. vast majority of States territorially con- not cover the vast field of administra- tiguous to the Indian Dominion have tive arrangements entered into in the Internationally, the new position of acceded of their own will to form an past on the basis of Paramountcy be- India is recognised and understood. I Indian Federation The significance of tween the States and the British Indian was happy to find no complexities had this act cannot Le over-estimated. It IsGovernment. It is on these agreements arisen in foreign countries and contacts indeed less than & month since the that the administrative structure of India with Foreign Embassies in London after claims for the independence of States had been raised. II these arrangements my recent return from India confirms was being vigorously urged by some were not renegotiated and placed, on a this. Indian leadership has risen high in Princes and Ministers. Not many days firm footing, there was every livelihood the estimation of people but it would be have passed since Rulers of certain of administrative chaos. To meet this a mistake—although I am sure nobody States were hurrying hither and thither, difficulty the Interim Government, in of any responsibility in India takes that some to London, others on pilgrimage consultation with the States decided to view—to think that the times ahead of to the feet of their master, to discover have a standstill agreement, which con- us are easy. But a great thing is that ways and means ol declaring and up-tinues the present arrangements till India is emancipated and she must be holding their independence. To-day that others are negotiated. strong and united. In the next few strange controversy seems like a bad Thus by goodwill, friendliness and a months we face very difficult problems, nightmare. But the fact that we have constructive approach on both sides, the not the least of which is our co-opera- overcome It should not blind us to the immediate danger which faced the tive relations with the United Kingdom. gravity of the danger that India faced Union of India, even before it was born One is happy to 'hink that the outlook only a short while ago. has been overcome. The representatives in Britain, even among the Tories, has of the States will now sit in the Indian completely changed. It is significant that VOLUNTARY ACCESSION Legislature and the Princes and people propaganda conducted here on behalf It is well to remember that after the of the States will share equally the in- of a few States last month against tht secession of the Pakistan provinces, the dependence that has come to India. This passage of the Independence Bill made territories of the Indian Dominion were is an achievement of which we can all no impression even on Conservatives. only a little larger in area than the be legitimately proud, for to-day India States of the Indian Rulers. Through stands erect before the world, with the We regret partition but be that as it ,??<*%&&-1 these States lay the main lines of com- forces of disruption inside her boundaries may, all Indian territory is now free •^m, munication. In the north, it was a vast well under control and with her Princes from imperialist rule. Independence in A/:/= Mdr-t-7/rsr %* stretch of contiguous area, from the and people united in facing the proal-l Its implications has yet to be esta- borders of Bahawalpur to Orissa that blems which the future may have in blished but the future is entirely in our was under the Princes. If they had sided store for her. hands. Unless lv/c main problems whicn '-'tip-*--" \ [V »** '"•-• with the forces of disruption, disguised most concern us—feeding the country in such tempting phrases, as independ- and the development of our industrial ence, Rajasthan and Confederation, then life and the two go together—are solved, the Dominion of India would have SCIENCE IN NEWwe can make little progress. We must faced anarchy and chaos. To those have foreign machinery and we have to watching from outside it might at times grow things* of the earth, for that is our have seemed that the prolonged fight INDIA currency. ' within the Chamber of Princes was By SIR C. V. RAMAN merely on the technical question of the p'OR more years than I can remem- This week, I left the India League, so opportune moment for participating in ber, THE HINBU has been in the very far as my official position is concerned. the work of the Constituent Assembly. forefront of India's fight for freedom. In Looking back, I am entitled to say the That was the issue as it presented itself, its own characteristic fashion, it ener- work the League has done over the but the major question which was in past eighteen yeais has had some effect &&*&$ ®~*r\© <^S the mind of all was whether the States getically voiced our desire for liberty, in moulding policy in this country and should align themselves with British and while checking the more explosive making India's cause part of the Labour India to create a new Union in order manifestations of rebellious spirit which Party's policy. We have many friends that the country may be integrated into the chains binding us naturally evoked, among Christian bodies, political parties one State. The satisfactory solution which forcefully urged on the laggards who and other organisations in the United has now been reached would not have considered personal advantage more Kingdom and in days to come, this been possible but for the wise modera- important than the country's welfare. League will play an equally important tion that the Congress leaders showed I do not remember that the British im- part in guiding public opinion. from the beginning of negotiations. perialism found it necessary on any oc- casion to close down the offices of We need friends. We need to be There were provocations on both sides, understood. We can help India and but the determined group of Princes THE HINDU and to march off its Editor world only by our words and our who had recognised in time the gravity to jail. But THE HINDU has neverthe- actions being undeistood and appreciat- of the issues involved, and the British less been a power in the land, and one ed. I would also like to take this oppor- Indian leaders who had the advice of cannot wish better for a Free India tunity to say how friendly my relations experienced statesmen kept their head than that the same catholicity, modera- have been with the Press of India and Ironed out all the difflcultiet with tion and reasonableness which has been which plays so very important a part in the result that on the day that India as- its policy will continue to inspire the our international relations and In in- sumes her full stature as an Indepen- chosen leaders of the nation in its on- forming the world about India and India dent nation the threat to her territorial ward march of progress. about the world for let us remind our- integrity has not only vanished, but the While on this occasion of rejoicing, selves that while we complain other States by a voluntary deed of accession no one would wish to minimise the part people fail to understand us and mis- have become partners in the Union. played by the men who built up the spi- interpret events in India, our lack of rit of national resistance and fought knowledge and our inadequate appre- The Instrument of Accession which and won the battle of independence in ciation of yworld affairs and the outlook the States have signed, by which the the political field, it should not be for- and aims of other people is equally to Sol* Distributor! for Lamps for Southern India: THE HUB Of ASIA AND IVcNTUALtr OF TK5 OHf WO^LO Dominion of India is transformed Into gotten that the resurgence of the na- be deplored. I join with all others in a federation is a simple document The tional spirit manifested itself also in congratulations to India, my country. Messrs. VERNON * CO, LTD., 36, Second Line Beach, Madras States accede only for the subjects of other fields of activity, and that its suc- cess in those other fields helped inter- nally In rousing the feeling of self-con- fidence in our people, and externally in winning respect for India's spiritual and intellectual calibre from the intellectu- al* of other nations. The remarkable renaissance of Seienc* in India dining the last quarter of a century did more to establish abroad India's credit and status as a nation than most people rea- lise or would be willing to concede. It gives me great pleasure to respond to the Editor'* request to write on Science In Free India. In doing go, I must regretfully point out that India is not yet free in the field of science. British Imperialism, while prepared in the last resort to apply physi- cal force, hag alwayt preferred to use less obvious methods of im- posing her will on weaker peoples. In SERVING A an Invited article which appeared a few years ago in the American Political Sci- ence Quarterly, I presented a picture of the methods by which the scientific re- naissance of India was held back for a whole century by foreign rule. When such holding back was no longer possi- ble, those very agents who worked against India's progress claimed to be her greatest friends and to have Inspir- ed and guided whatever progress had The Dyntep isgn«|, Calcutta mm first op*ned In t* been achieved in spite of them. A typi- cal example of this is to be found in an If34 DWF n§ fmn of iti httfory, h«g# strides f article in a British journal published by a European ex-official scientist who made In ft rest. Ovnlop pfodttctt ore of vital « claimed that the father of Indian sci- ence was the orientalist Sir William every metr-. ic~~DUMlQP (WioJ kike prid#,,ttw Jones! The same ex-official showed his real feelings towards Indian science by onnouncinc achievements during the tail decode. sponsoring the formation of a predomi- nantly official organisation as a rival to the Indian Academy of Sciences when the latter was founded. He even went to the length of inspiring the Issue of an official circular enjoining all men of sci- ence holding government position not to join the Indian Academy of Sciences even if invited to do so by its promot- ""H 00000 && ers. After this, is it surprising that the Government of India while lavishing funds on the official organisation turned a deaf ear to repeated requests even for B token grant to the Indian Academy of Sciences? Is it surprising that a British official who Is still in this country mak- ....•• 00000 SI ing difficulties for us publicly defended such refusal on the ground that the offi- cial organisation was recognised by the MOTOR & GIAHT TYBI CYCLE TYiES RAW f HIND CYCLES Government of India as the superior tOOO.00,0 body? Is it surprising that this same offi- 26,§©8©§© produced 185,00,000 produced i N D 1 A ' S OWN cial is now doing his best to prevent unity amongst Indian scientists? Science can be free in India only when ~ II Kit we eradicate the tendencies which a cen- tury or more of foreign rule has left ! m l behind as an evil legacy. The worst *^f % f^f% f*®f *\ fspf**^ f%f"% iT^f* legacy is our own belief in the supe- riority of Europern scientists and scien- JjMtDuOUJU tific institutions to those in our own country. So long as this belief con- tinues, there does not seem to me the remotest chance of Indian science rising to the level permitted by her new op- raurajtDt portunities. Another evil legacy is the wholly erroneous belief that the three RAW COTTf--: WORKERS w t • letters F.R.S. after a man's name mean that he is superior to those who do not .00,000 is ;••-"* ;;/;oOcp?r-aiivesnOivenipisyeo; Hs, ?3.M=. bear that alphabetical distinction. Hav- ing been an F. R. S. myself for a quar- ter of a century, I know exactly what those letters mean both in the Empire context and in relation to India. The HIND CYCLES LIMITED, 250 WORLI, BOMBAY. Royal Society of London is a strong- hold of British imperialism containing no small proportion of men to whom Managing Agents; iltLA SROTHilS LTD. science and scientific truth are less im- portant than the maintenance of the British right to rule over the rest of the world. The sooner we in India realise this and shake free of a superstitious be- lief in the ability of thp Eurooeanpeo- ole to guide our destinies in the_ intel- MADE IN PI k lectual sphere' any more than in the political field, the sooner we shall march to the goal of pur national ambition*. THE HINDU, FRIDAY, AUGUST 18, 1947.

.fts* FREEDOM'S PROGRESS THROUGH THE YEARS ••

1830 : India was rapidly changing from 1858 : One direct result of the Mutiny 17S5: Cllve, acclaimed the founder of 1773 : By a Regulating Act, Parliament mediaevalism. One of the first Indians 1857 : The rapid spread of Western civl- 1857: Delhi. Cawnpore, Gwalior and Lucknow were the storm centres of the the Empire, was also its first administra- hoped to control the Company's admi- to visit England, Raja Ram Mohan Roy , llsation caused a general ferment in the was the assumption of the Government tive reformer but his scheme of Salt nistration but during Warren Hastings' championed the cause of the peasants ' country which culminated in open re- Mutiny. Many heroic fights and defences took place. The defence of the Resi- by the Crown and the recognition of monopoly was not approved by the term its Ineffectiveness was clearly and the freedom of the press besides volt by the Army which was led by tht dency at Lucknow was a notable one. Directors. seen. other social reforms. Ban! of Jhansi and others. Paramountcy by the Indian States.

1876 : The Queen's Proclamation raised 1885: The political agitations and the 1892 : Charles Bradlaugh who attended 1905 : The reactionary policy of Lord 1907 : A section of the Congress was many aspirations. When these proved economic state of the country led to the Congress In 1839 drafted a Bill for Curzon led to a stiffening in the ranks not satisfied with passing resolutions 1909 : With a view to meet strong nationalist demands the Morley-Minto reforms futile they led to agitations. One con- the National Congress which met for reform and * expansion of Legislative of the Congress. It also led to the only and lost faith In the efficacy of provided for associating Indians with Government and Introduced communal cerned admission of Indians to the the first time In Bombay under the pre- , Councils. To counter It the British growth of the Swadeshi Movement and the Congress programme. They were Civil Service. Surendranath Banner] ee j Government Introduced the India Coun- the boycott of foreign goods. ably led by B. G. Tilak. representation. was the leader. sidency of W. C. Bonnerjea. cils Act. "1

1916 : The reforms were soon found In- 1918 : To allay the discontent the Government announced the Montagu-Chelmsford Mil: The Morley-Minto reforms seemed to conciliate moderate nationalists for adequate and country-wide agitation Reform proposals. Direct election on a comparatively wide franchise was 1B19 : The Howlatt Act and the arrest of Mahatmaji led to widespread unrest was carried on under the auspices of Introduced. fee time belnjj. The boons announced at the Coronation Durbar at Delhi, tended the Home Rule League started by At Jallianwalla Bag, fire was opened on a crowd and many hundreds died. to pacify the situation. Dr. Annie Besant

1920 : The National movement gained a 1923 : Led by C. R. Das, Motiial Nehru 1929 -. Lord Irwin declared the attain- and N. C. Kelkar a group of nationa- 1924 : For the first time In February turn owing to many factors like the ment of Dominion Status as the natural aew orientation under the leadership lists organised themselves into the Mr. T. Rangachariar moved a resolu- Capetown agreement, etc. The Con- 1930 : As Indian demand for Independence became insistent, a Commission under ot Gandhlji who started the Non-co- tion in the Legislative Assembly to issue of constitutional progress. He operation movement. Swaraj Party. They favoured the Irish gress which met in Madras under the also announced a Round Table Con- Sir John Simon visited India to report on the political progress and the working tactics of "Mend or end" the constitu- secure Dominion Status together with presidency of Dr. Ansari adopted f ference In London, tion. Responsible Government in Provinces. Independence as the goal. of the reforms. There was no Indian on the Commission and It was boycotted.

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iuot. i\jiiuwing. i'iiii a^iiaiaoii over the IJJJ . iii.i.r.iLiu... „„„*,.. Li,,dU1, UiieuUona became pronounced. Jtahatmail 1931 : The Round Table Conference was summoned in London and Mahatmaji 1932 : Mahatmaji was arrested soon after his return from England Lord Willing- "Depressed Classes" Award the Poona started his great Civil Disobedience movement. The Dandi Salt March was the who was released from prison attended its second session as the sole represent don proscribed the Congress and carried on a repressive policy in putting down Pact was concluded. The integrity of main feature. tative of the Congress, but had to return without attaining his purpose. political agitation. the Hindu community was saved. THE HINDU, FRIDAY, AUGUST 15, 1947. XI FREEDOM'S PROGRESS THROUGH THE YEARS

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it t * -?* 1940 : The Viceroy at Bombay appealed 1935 : As a result of the Conferences 1939 : When the World War was declar- 1939 : Following the Congress Cabinets' proposals for reform of the Constitu- 1937 : Though Congress obtained clear majorities In the election! a controversy arose 1938 : Gandhlji m«t Mr. Jinnah many ed the Congress Working Committee for an agreed settlement and assured tion were embodied in a Parliamentary Over the "special powers" of the Governors. A somewhat conciliatory statement times to bring about a^ Hindu-Muslim defined its attitude and withdrew it* decision the Provincial Ministries Dominion Status of the Westminster Committee Beport and finally became support in running the Administration. resigned. rarietjr. the Act of 193S. by the Viceroy enabled Congress to accept office in six Provinces. rapprochement. But the talks failed.

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ti iu 1942: The Congress Working Commit. 1M0: Mr. Jinnah addressing the Mus- 1940: GandWJl planned for individual u41. A Conference Of Non-Party Leaders under the presidentship of Sir Tej Baha- 1942: Sir Stafford Cripps visited India, to meet the leaders and arrive at an 1,700-word resolution d«- Mm League at Lahore demanded a sepa- eivll disobedience. Vinoba Bhave, th« dur Sapru was held at Bombay. agreed solution. But the talKI DroKe aown. t~ __,„ fc rate home for the Muslims, j _ first one, was arrested. ' manding withdrawal •< the British.

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1S4S : Tl» trial a£ the i M. A- >~ 1941: In August Gandhi)i and other leaden were arrested. This was followed by 194. : Lord Wavell took up the Vice- 1945 : In June the Congress leaders were released and the Viceroy called a confer- 1645 : The Congress triumphed In the tr» raised great popular agitation widespread disturbances in the country. royalty from Lord linllthgow. ence of representative leaders at Simla. But the talks failed after a fortnight'! Central Assembly elections. the trial waj abandonee. discussion.

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1946: Indicative of the changed status the British Government appointed Mr. 1946 : A Parliamentary Delegation arrived In India and met Indian leaders. 1946 : A Cabinet Mission consisting of Lord Pethick-Lawrence, Sir Stafford Cripps 1946 : Members of the old Viceroy's Council resigned as a preliminary to the new Terence Shone as its High Commis- and A. V. Alexander arrived and had talks with leaders. Constitution. sioner in India.

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1946: The Viceroy and the leaders went to London in November for a hurried 1846: The observance of a Direct Action Day on August 16th by the Muslim League • round table talk. 1946 : The Viceroy invited Mr. Nehru to form an Interim Gov eminent and the first National Government came into being. was attended by communal disturbances in Calcutta. xn THE HINDU, FRIDAY, AUGUST 15, 1947. Ions time to come, in respect of income and allied taxes, with the assignment FINANCES OF THE of the power to the Union in retpect of collecting taxes on agricultural incomes at well. It might be wise to earmark all direct taxes as being purely intended UNION for purposes in which the Union is pri- marfiy interested. On the basis of the LENOX By T. T. KRISHNAMACHARI estimates made in a foregoing para- graph, the revenue under this head as it PHOTOGRAPHIC r»HE financial set-up of tht Indian 3n the side of the air force, there will is at present would be about 118 crores Union and it* relation to it* unit! lave a very considerable augmentation but this will not cover even the defence i MOUNTS, ETC oanaot escape being dominated by the from Its present strength of ten squa- expenditure of the Union. Should the achem* of th« Government of India Act Irons. In any event, a deficit seems as- States acquiesce in giving the Union po- 18SS, a tribute perhaps to the time ured without the Central Government wer to collect direct taxes, this source and thought devoted to the devising of ommitting itself to. new schemes of and the addition of the tax on agricul- the financial structure of the Act The expenditure for the betterment of the tural incomes might increase the reve- For the Honour of Our Country, FORGET NOT main reason for this is that the time at londitions of the people. nue under the head of direct taxes to the disposal of Indian politicians and It might perhaps clarify issues If I some extent, though not substantially. ON their advisers to attempt to re-orient the •e-state here the relevant items in the Estate duty on all property, agricultural iWe Expect Every Indian To Help structure in the light of modern needs Provincial and Central list of the dis- or non-agricultural, if assigned to the is far too short and everybody concern- iribution of powers which is envisaged Centre, might go to further augment the INDEPENDENCE DAY ed is In a hurry to evolve a working con- oy the Union Powers Committee of the revenue under direct taxation. But even Thjs National Enterprise stitution which can 6e put into opera- ndian Constituent Assembly. Item 71 of then the Centre will need a large slice Your services have been of (A Day of National Rejoicing) tion us quickly as possible. While the un- lew Federal list which corresponds out of the income from other sources satisfactory set-up that might emerge with item 44 of List 1, Schedule 7 of the which it might be collecting though pri- the greatest help to Indian to make it possible _ from it can be explained, there could be L935 Act mentions "duties of customs marily earmarked for the benefit of the travellers who, before you including export duties." Item 72 of the came into the field and suc- o room for complacency or satisfaction ;aroe list mentions "duties of excise OD units. At the moment, these are only cessfully tackled the matter, For Indians towards the financial framework within tobacco and other goods manufactured" two—Customs and Central Excises, had to undergo unnecessary LENOX PHOTO MOUNT which the Union and its constituent units with certain exceptions, similar to what which in the aggregate might for pur- will operate. poses of an estimate be said to amount inconvenience and suffer in- to Travel all over is found in item 45 of the list in the to 125 crores. The additional revenue dignities. It is not an exag- MANUFACTURING CO., The hang-over of the past is nowhere 1935 Act. Items 77 and 78 relating to tax that might be coming from the States geration to say that you have more difficult to shake off than in the on income and on capital gains and will be negligible in so far as these two field of administration, what with the assets exclusive of agricultural land in your line of business add- The World 169, RAMNAD ROAD MADURA, items are concerned. The addition of ed to the self-respect of bogey of every attempt at a change be- correspond with items 54 and 55 of the Sales Tax in the Central sphere of tax- ing characterised as expropriation, im- irevious list. Item 78, "duties in respect ation and an expansion of the ambit to Indiana and you therefore under the auspices of portation of Bolshevik ideas, stifling of of succession to property other than Central Excises might make the pool deserve all encouragement private enterprise and so on. The need for agricultural land," has a counterpart in contributed by indirect taxes a fairly from those In power. I con- careful economic planning has often been item 56 of the previous list. Item 81, respectable figure, but of the total an- gratulate you on the success used as an argument for postponing deci- 'rates of stamp duty in respect of bills nual income from these sources that 'you have achieved in what Their Own Countrymen sions on important issues. The financial if exchange," etc. and 82, "terminal tax goes Into the pool, the Union will have was at the beginning very :tructure of the future is said to be de- >n goods and passengers carried by the first charge of a fixed amount op it, iendent on All-India planning and has, Railway," again find places in the pre- perhaps, the sum of 125 crores. which difficult work. therefore, to wait until we devise ways vious list in items 57 and 58. Item 80, represents the Union's present income Sri C. RAJAGOPALACHARI and means for that purpose. estate duty in respect of property other from Customs and Central Excises. The Jai Hind! In the rather complicated economy of han agricultural land, has no counter- balance might be distributed to the the world the ultimate influence of which part in the 1935 Act but was later put units on some equitable basis, prefer- this country cannot escape, the Indian in as being within the sphere of the ably on a per capita basis which would, Union is faced with (a) a serious deficit Central Government. Similarly, in the in the long run, help the improvement in the necessities of life of the common proposed provincial list there is hardly in the economic status of the poorer sec- any material change excepting Item 45, tions of the Union and which can be Ram Mohan's man, (b) a breakdown 'of the jerry-built justified from the standpoint of equity. administrative structure operating econo- Estate duty in respect of agricultural First Indian Name in Travel—since 1929 mic controls brought into being during the land, which is a new one and corres- war, (c) the slicing off from India of Doods to Item £ of the Federal list These are some of the suggestions on large portions of territory in defiance of which expert thought could be focuss- HEAD OFFICE: 362, ESPLANADE, MADRAS. all economic and natural ties for politi- FINANCIAL POWERS OF CENTRE ed but the sine-qua-non for any such attempt would be for the units to rea- cal and communal reasons, (d) the emer- The feeling is generally prevalent in gence of a defence problem of terrific lise that if they act unilaterally in try- jrovincial circles that the financial po- ing to augment their tax Income, eva- magnitude and (e) the creation of a very vers allotted to the Centre prevent -= T.-« r-r.vt :<->;-•,-• f*-. cr long line of land customs frontiers the sion will be a powerful factor to be en- he expansion of the financial resources countered and secondly, that economic bulk of which is hardly accessible but if the provinces. But persons who hold improvement over the whole country is nevertheless vulnerable. With all these his view forget that even at the time of will be lop-sided, the richer units prb- problems, before us and with the ideal tha{ the framing of the 1935 Act it was the gressing faster and leaving the poorer politicians and publicists have cherished nsistence of the Muslim element at the ones behind. This in turn will impose a Our Heartiest Greetings on the Dawn tor long of making life bearable to the Round Table Conferences and before the liability on the Centre to deflect its common man in India once freedom is Toint Select Committee that made the grants on a differential basis paying achieved, it would seem to be an attempt framers earmark distinct spheres in the more to the poorer units than to the of Indian Independence »t simplifying big issues if in the future matter of finance for the Provincial and richer ones. An all-round economic de- constitution, the financial set-up is copied Central Governments. The only item in velopment on the lines that many of almost word for word from the scheme of he provincial list of Schedule 7 of the the publicists and politicians in this the Government of India Act of 1935. 1935 Act which has been exploited after country are visualising will not be then Our Specialities the Provincial Governments began func- possible. This will again constitute a TQTM.. „. 8SOO0D.* THE BACKGROUND tioning under the Act, was the Sales Tax. fruitful source of provincial jealousies, hi the present set-up, when new bonds Th« background of existing conditions The success that attended this new ex- jeriment in taxation was of a doubtful of unity have to be forged and where UIHL III 1118 LTI. n so far as it affects the finances of the there are no particular provincial inte- 'HYNOL' ELECTRICAL ACCESSORIES Provinces is not very encouraging. To take :haracter as it was only in Madras that Dt, CLIVK BUILDINGS, CALCUTTA rests to be specially safeguarded, when (Popular Brand Phenyle) the example of two major provinces like this scheme of taxation has produced planning and economic development is *M*M omen *r (OHMY, KARACM, MAMAS, VOAGAPATAM Madras and Bombay, the war years have decent results. The limitation of all fin- to be made the primary responsibility MOTOR WINDING COCANADA, COCHIN, MOKMUGAO, COLOMBO, RANGOON generally proved to be productive of con- ancial and other control over agricultu- of the Union to be carried out on an 'KILZOL' siderably increased revenue. In the case •al property and the income. arising equitable basis, the ultimate benefit herefrom to the provinces under the (Pyrethrum—D D T Base ALL KINDS OF of both these provinces, the old time being spread out all over the country, I Insecticide) sources of revenue like land-revenue 1935 Act has not provided the provinces cannot see why the provincial leaders with any substantial means of raising ,#^»#####»#^»»##>»###^ lave been more or less stationary, as in should persist in maintaining an attitude :he very nature of such revenues there additional finance. The fact that the which refuses to concede powers to the HOUSE WIRING is no prospect of an increase. But the provincial legislatures are under the in- Centre, the results of the exercise of 'ROOK INKS' biggest increase in both these provinces fluence, if not under the control, of land- which would be passed on for the be- (The Balanced Ink for all Pens) has been in the field of excise revenue as lord interests, has prevented agricultu- nefit of the units. On the part of the AND AMPLIFIER there has been a four-fold increase in this ral income-tax as a source of revenue leaders of the Union any effort spent item of Income between 1939-40 and being properly tapped. But, perhaps in allaying the fears now prevailing In MAYER b CO. 1946-47. There has also been a pheno- the major factor In the failure of this provincial circles by a vigorous reitera- CHEMICALS. ARRANGEMENTS menal increase in the item "other taxes type of tax in the provinces where it tion of the responsibility of the Union (Estd. 1930) and duties'" in both the provinces, the was attempted to be levied was that the for the well-being of the units and the 'Phone: 86355. yield was very small in proportion to denial of all intention of impinging on Whoiesof* and R0toH Druggists and Dispensing Chemists, estimates for 1947-48 being 6,33 lakhs in Bombay and 8,14 lakhs in Madras. The the administrative costs involved. As a the units' rights over finance for the ENQUIRIES & DISTRIBUTORS INVITED: 16, AYYA PILLAI STREE7T, P.T., MADRAS. iver-all income in the case of Madras scheme of taxation it is unscientific in purpose of gathering more power to Eor th« year 1947-48 being nearly 50 that the majority of persons who might the Union would be very welcome in- deed. If such an atmosphere could be P. Box No. 504 Thone: 3757 Grams: "Mayerdrug" crores as against a revised estimate of be liable, to pay agricultural income- the previous year of nearly 80 erores, tax fall into the category of persons with created notwithstanding the fact that THE NATIONAL PRODUCTS CORPN. LTD. whereas in Bombay it is very nearly 39 medium incomes, who have besides, other the time before us is short, a complete sources of income which is of a non- re-examination of the financial provi- crores which is about 3 crores more sions contained in the Federal and pro- DIRECT IMPORTERS OF than the revised estimate of the previous agricultural character on which they would be either paying the Central in- vincial lists attached to the Union Po- PERFECT ELECTRIC CO. ear. The significant feature of both wer Committee's report would prove to Pure Drugs, Chemicals and Pharmaceutical Products, ;heie provinces is that they are pledged come-tax or would become liable to pay if the two types of income are pooled to- be of great benefit for the country's 126, ROYAPETTAH HIGH ROAD MADRAS 4. to sacrifice in course of time 9,58 lakhs future. Surgical Dressings and Hospital Appliances. in Madras and 6,41 lakhs in Bombay gether for the purpose of assessment. which represents the two provinces' res- Whatever may be the considerations pective income from excise revenue. The that were responsible for agriculture SUPPLIERS TO future from the provincial point of and all that is connected with it to be Government, Local Funds, Municipal, Railway, Mission, Mew, therefore, is that a large slice of put exclusively in the provincial sphere, •evenue will go, land tax. cannot in- here now seems no reason for separat- Estate, State, Hospitals and Charitable Institutions Etc. >.-easa and th» only compensating factor ing income-tax on agricultural from is tht item "other taxes and duties" the the general income-tax. Even if there bulk of which In both tht provinces Is is no material change in the respective PROMTTITUDI, EFFICIENCY AND SATISFACTION OUR represented by consumption taxes, viz., spheres of taxation between the)Union Said Tax, though of two differing types and the units, the continuation of a pay- MOTTO. in each province. Tor the purpose of an ment of a portion of the Income-tax re- estimate it can be taken that the pic- venue to the provinces from the pool ture in essentials of these two provinces created by the Nlemeyer Award or any Soliciting tht iavour of enquiry or order. is more or less typical of what ought to new convention that might replace it, obtain elsewhere in India after making ought to make It possible for the Union to distribute to the provinces on «ome 94 due allowance for the fact that these provinces are considered to be the most fair basis any extra income that might f progressive in tht administrative sphere. accrue to it by reason of the power Tht financial position in regard to the to tax agricultural incomes being trans- Indian Union has to be arrived at after ferred to it. i % f a certain amount of guess-work. In the An assurance similar to what was T h 6 - F# r I a 1 #' 'stand open matter of Customs, the budget estimate contained m the speech of Sir Jeremy for the year 1947-48 for the entire coun- Raisman, the then Finance Member of try was 90 crores and on that basis it the Central Government, made in Fe- can be computed that the Indian Union bruary 1945, is called for from responsi- will get 78 crores by eliminating the ble leaders who would control the des- estimated Income through Karachi and tinies of the Indian Union. Sir Jeremy Chittagong. Allowing for a possible said at that time "that it was the hope diversion and expansion of trade, the and Intention of the Central Govern- Tit fettoh ©1 frM&M* •**«* ©t« wrf W*r-» normal revenue of the Union from Cus- ment 'that in due course, a substantial toms can be taken as 85 croret. In re- distribution of the Central revenues will gard to Central Excise, the actual figures take place". 4mf rf tmmd »#§©«•« ikmmttmwk tfcb mat **- for the area covered by tha Dominion of India for 1946-47 are in the region of CO-ORDINATED SYSTEM OF SALES emikmntr-mti me ttw ftw»J«ti« hib4 Mi m 33 crores and the normal revenue for TAX the Union, therefore in the current year Yet another aspect of Sir Jeremy's may be taken at about 40 crores. In the speech at that time is brought to my .which will «§•# • mm wtitimkmd. field of Income-tax, the figures have mind, now that we are thinking of necessarily to be far more conjectural. augmenting the combined financial re- The budget estimate for 1947-48 for All- sources of the Union and the units. That Tht •«**• •! *h« mw*m •# <**• mm India, made up of Income-tax, Super-tax, was the suggestion of a co-ordinated Corporation Tax, Business Profits Tax, system of Sales Tax all over India. The Capital Gains Tax and E. P. T. arrears investigations in U. S. during war tune nationhood—tkwiIt a©t liftetietJ with tfcott el our is estimated to be 164 crores and odd, in regard to a Federal Sales Tax had, notwithstanding the U. S. Treasuries' and allowing for about 7 crores and od antipathy to this type of taxation, Idtalt which naoy toiltd «al nuv mort •«!• to be the Pakistan share, we are left proved that the customary objections to with about 157 crores and odd. In anj such a type of taxation by orthodox ttsmi tor **•»—«« telrfDl ci

read a lot of liberal stuff in books, or liberated from the bondage of classical because religious persecution has died INDO-CHINESE forms and traditional mannerisms. INDIA SHOULD PURSUE THE out In Britain. Thus thoughts and ideas have flown and spread through much Here in India we are fortunate in easier and wider channels, coming in PATHS OF PEACE having a long start. We have had no FRIENDSHIP touch with and within reach of the com- VICTORY for the Country penal laws against Moslems or Hindus mon people. This spoken language has aimniitiiiiiiiinmiii iiiuiiiiinui ilium iiiiiiiiiniiiniimiiiin uiiniiiiiiiiiimiijiiiiiniiiiiiiiniiiiii umiiiiuiiw or Sikhs such as the struggle between become a new and generally accepted Protestantism and Catholicism in the Ancient Cultural Ties form of written language, known as the CLOSE UNDERSTANDING WITH sixteenth and seventeenth centuries pro- "Kuo-Yu", or the national language. It On this duced in Britain. We begin with reli- •y H. E. OHIA-LUEN LO has since been continuously amplified, PAKISTAN ESSENTIAL gious freedom for all, and with the con- Improved and standardised. GREAT cept of the higher unity of all true reli- (Ambassador of tht Republic of China) By ARTHUR MOORE gions; of one God and Father of us all. In modern science as well as in huma- Also the pace is faster now, and we nistic studies, Chnia has also a number OCCASION sovereign States, but they have a com- can quickly reach the attitude of I^HE cultural relationship between China ItfOW is the appointed Day. Note Is 1 and India is a truly happy rela- of eminent scholars in geology, mathe- the day of salvation. mon as well as a separate citizenship, a tolerance that drew so slowly but has matics, physics, biology, history, philo- common defence policy for their sepa- now flowered so finely in Britain. tionship, as it has never been stained, of the If we start right, we can continue nor strained, by any sinister motives, logy, archaeology, and perhaps a few right. On every one of us who lives in rate armies, navies and air forces, com- other branches of learning. And China mon postage and telegraph rates bet- PROBLEMS AWAITING SOLUTION aggressive measures, or territorial am- India, be it in the Indian Union or Paki- bitions. It started with peaceful trade in also has a few academic institutions such COUNTRY'S FREEDOM stan, there is a personal responsibility ween themselves, and communications Great and immediate troubles of a as the Chinese Geological Survey and and tariffs planned in consultation. Let beautiful articles and was kept going WE SEND OUR to start this day with our thoughts right. non-communal kind confront the Indian on by the pursuit of noble aims, lofty several well-known Institutes in the Aca- For it is out of our collective thinking us, while we still lack a Federation of Union and Pakistan alike. To their demla Sinica, which are quite worth GREETINGS Greater India, produce our own Indian ideas, religious enlightenment and intel- that will spring the actions and atti- solving they will be forced to bend their lectual satisfaction. mentioning and perhaps also worth visit- COUNTRYWIDE tudes of Ministers and Legislatures, Commonwealth. I have no doubt that common energies. Let me list some of ing by foreign scholars. When I am men- masters and men, communities and the British Commonwealth will eventu- these problems. Some contemporary Chinese scholars tioning this, I am perfectly aware of our trades uniom and Chambers of Com- ally federate itself, so urgent is the need even trace Indian • influences in Chinese limitations, particularly that which were merce. for closer co-ordination in economic and First, there is the root difficulty that the cultural thread to as early as the King- and have been imposed upon us by the THE VICTORY CHEMICAL AND foreign affairs; but if separatism is still Indian Peninsula, like Great Britain, does dom of Tsu in the fourth century B. C. war and the post-war situation; but, Long have I lived and hoped for theso strong in the British Commonwealth not grow enough food to keep alive its day when Greater India, an India that But as a student of history,, I think that when I am looking at the future, I can- PHARMACEUTICAL WORKS, LTD. need we be dismayed that the Indian population. In the past Britain solved there is a great deal of conjecture, as not help calling the attention of our great Includes what was British India and the sub-continent is not at once ready for the problem by large food imports for a few scanty philological analogies may CHALAKUDI COCHIN Indian States, should take its place in friends, the Indian people, to the fact federation? wtdch she easily paid by exporting be quite suggestive, but can never be that the modern changes and especially the equal councils of a world conscious manufactures and by services, and inconclusive. The name of India first ap- Makers of of essential unity in its admired diver- tftie cultural activities of the Chinese It is good to aim at perfection, but any case the rate of increase in her peared in Chinese history in about the people should be duly appreciated. In sity, conscious of the truth that we are let us not Interpret as failures the de-population was slackening. India solved second quarter of the second century VICTORY Toilet Soap, V. C. P. Sandal Soap and members one of another though every this connection, may I add that as our lays which the time factor causes. her problem by progressively lowering B. C, when the great Chinese Ambas- Indian friends taught us to make sugar other Soaps of quality. member has his own function and none the diet of the masses and simultaneously sador Chang Chi'en, sent to the West- is in all respects like any other. To COMMUNALISM IN BRITAIN out of the sugarcane in an earlier period aggravated the problem by increasing ern countries by Emperor Wu, return- so we are returning the courtesy by let- me such a day was to be the fitting her population at a high rate. Year by ed from An Hsi. (Parthia), after hav- climax of the intertwined story of Bri- Consider the case of the United King- ting my friend, Dr. T. B. Hou, an inter- dom. Ten years before I was born, no year she has been drawing nearer and ing been in Ta Hsia, (Bactria), the fur- nationally known chemical engineer, tain and India, the fulfilment of Bri-Roman Catholic could go to Oxford or nearer to mass starvation. Western thest satrapy of Alexander's empire, then tain's mission, a mission carried out Pakistan is the only considerable seli ruled by a Macedonian dynasty found come to India to help the Tata Works to Under God, with many failures to sense Cambridge, nor though Ireland was a by Diodotus. In his memorial to themake cheaper and better caustic-soda by predominately Catholic country would sufficing and comparatively well-nourish- a process of his own designing. its greatness, with some inevitable per- he go to Dublin University. Fifty years ed administrative area. Eastern Pakis throne Chang Chi'en clearly stated: sonal yieldings to the lure of pomp and before I was born Catholics were just tan and the Indian Union are faced with "When your servant was in Ta Hsia he circumstance, of the pride and glory of a grim winter, prospect. From the out- saw large bamboos and cloth of Shu HEAVY INTELLECTUAL DEBT THE INDIAN OVERSEAS BANK, LIMITED obtaining the right to vote and even to (Szechuan). When he asked the people this world and the love of money; but sit in Parliament but the vote itself was side war-shattered world little food can Estd I 1S37 for all that a mission writ in the stars be expected. Burma, the nearest country of Ta Hsia how they obtained these While reviewing the past history of the privilege of only a small percentage things they told him that their mer- Chinese-Indian relations, I have some- of East and West, and discharged from of the adult population. Much of mywith a rice surplus, is in turmoil. Har- HEAD OFFICE : MADRAS. the British Throne and the High Court monious relations between Western chants bought them in Shen Tu (Sind, how been puzzled that the Indian monk- boyhood was spent in a pocket borough India) which is a country several hun- scholars, were so generous to give, but of Parliament downards with a large which returned a member to the House Pakistan and the rest of India, and free and steady faithfulness, through ever trade in goods and services alone can dred li south-west of Ta Hsia. and is so reluctant to take. I have brought with PAID UP CAPITAL Rs. 34,84,000 of Commons from an electoral roll of a sedentary (i.e. not nomadic) country, me three Chinese books on Sanskrit rarer good report and ever increasing perhaps two thousand people; while mitigate the coming ordeal of the RESERVE FUND Rs. 8,00,000 ill report. masses. like Ta Hsia." But the route by which grammar and philology, one written per- great manufacturing cities such as Bir- these things were brought to India is haps in the fourth century and the other DEPOSITS ON 31-12-1946 Rs. 6V2 Crores Now the day has come, and what was mingham and Manchester were by com- Secondly, we must face the fact that still unknown. two in the eighth or ninth centuries, and British India is resolved into two States. parison grossly underrepresented. this shrinkage of food coincides with a yet so far as my limited knowledge in Let us waste no • tears on that. The revolutionary stirring amongst the Indian literature and bibliography goes, BRANCHES IN INDIA OVERSEAS In 1905 I had a conversation at Salo- workers. They will insistently press their The introduction of Buddhism into essential thing is to preserve and foster nika with Hilmi Pasha, the Turkish China dates back probably to a century I am still uncertain whether you have BOMBAY, MALAYA: the unity of systems and of outlook that demands, not merely for the mainte- any books on Chinese grammar or phi- Governor-General of the Macedonian nance of the old standard, but for abefore the year 65 A.D. when Kmperor exists. Let us abhor the awful example vilayets. We talked of the terrible ani- Ming, of the later Han Dynasty, had lology or any translations of Chinese clas- CALCUTTA Singapore, Penang, Kuala of Europe, which is a recurring cock- rising standard in food, in housing, and sics, written by Indian scholars, in and mosity between Serbs and Bulgars and other necessities and amenities, and for his famous dream of the Holy Man, in- and Lumpur, Ipoh and Malacca. pit because it lacks good Europeans, Greeks, and I made bold to put forward terpreted as the revelation of Buddha. after that period. Anyhow, I wish to and has only good Frenchmen, Germans, educational facilities. Amongst the assure you that since China owes India Over 38 Offices in BURMA-: Rangoon. the argument we are familiar with in "Haves" there is also an awakening of It is true the great Indian ruler Asoka Spaniards, Russians and the rest. India, that possibly the presence of a sent more than two hundred Buddhist a heavy intellectual debt of the past, she South India. CEYLON : Colombo. the social conscience and they will be will never hesitate to pay it back if she foreign ruling Power (in this case the confronted by the "Have-nots" with missionaries to all parts of the world to RUSSIAN ANALOGY Turks) contributed to the struggle. Each spread his cherished faith in the third has any intellectual contributions in re- FOREIGN CORRESPONDENTS their own lavish promises of wealth and serve. Consider the case of Russia. Under subject nationality had their own form freedom and full employment for allcentury B..C. but no traces can yet be of religious orthodoxy and even bishops found that any one of them ever ar- THE CHASE NATIONAL BANK OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK, the Tsars there was a single vast coun- rhe new States may therefore expect The recent arrangement of exchanging try, such as India has been under Bri- and archbishops were active in organis- some large-scale strikes and industrial rived in China. LONDON & NEW YORK. ing murder bands of komitajis who professors and students is a very en- THE MIDLAND BANK LTD., LONDON. tish rule. Then came war and revolu- unrest, and every wage concession won But after Emperor Ming, anyhow, couraging sign to which I will always tion, and new sovereign States were forcibly converted villagers. Hilmi Pasha by workers in one part of the country THE BANK OF NEW SOUTH WALES, SYDNEY. vigorously rebutted the suggestion that the contacts between China and India give my fullest support. My only regret carved out—Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, will have reactions elsewhere. became much closer and more frequent is that the number is too small and the Esthonia as well as a great Poland. these feuds were in any way connected SAFE DEPOSITS with the Turks, or that there existed For their mutual benefit, let us have through the Tarim basin in Sinkiang, field is not extensive enough, even by Western Europe in the name of demo- until the fourth and fifth centuries comparison with the pilgrims of any of SAFE DEPOSIT LOCKERS ARE AVAILABLE FOR RENT AT cracy resisted and resents Russian any Turkish imperial policy of "Divide healthy competition between all the and Rule'* Later he visited England and provinces as to which can do most to when Buddhism had Us most gorgeous the earlier periods. When the travelling MADRAS OFFICE. efforts to draw them back into a Fede- increase the fertility of the rural soil, blossoms in Chinese history. Both Ma- conditions were so difficult those scholar ration of Republics. That is because of being a man of intense intellectual curiosity he took every opportunity of to industrialise the urban areas, and to hayana and Hinayana were transplanted monks risked their lives in treacherous the ideological warfare between the give to every child in town and country from the Indian to the Chinese soil, al- quicksands in deserts, dangerous snow- revolution in Russia and capitalism cum studying English institutions. His re- at least the power to read and write. though only the former flourished at its capped mountain peaks, and perilous TKMf- vaar—priest, and North West Frontier Province. We may but also some historical records of national affairs, commerce, industry, ether, and inheriting common systems those countries he visited. Almost si- communications, and anything relating of administration and of handling pro- even took me, a small boy, to a funeral be sure that not many weeks will pass mass for a priest. My mother, who des- before the physical nearness of themultaneously the celebrated Kumara- to our common welfare and common blems. Let us have as many and as long jiva a monk of Indian descent but born security. But as an educationalist and standstill agreements as possible. Re- cended from small Huguenot settlers in Soviet Republics to the new indepen- in Central Asia, arrived in China early as a man so closely connected with cul- member how easily the separation of the west of Ireland, was a good and dent States of the Indian Peninsula in the fifth century. His translations tural relationship, which will surely lead THE UNION LIFE ASSURANCE CO., LTD. Burma and India was effected in 1935, devout woman but less advanced. She becomes more manifest than when In- and utterances amazed the Chinese and to mutual understanding and through with a standstill tariff, agreement for believed that all Catholics were inher- dia's foreign relations were conducted opened the path to new schools of Bud- mutual understanding to mutual appreci- (H. O.: BOMBAY) five years. ently bad men who after death would from London. dhist thought. His prestige and popula- ation and respect, is the best and surest burn for ever in everlasting fire; and I Here there is need for us to watch our rity was in later times only shared by foundation, on which rests the most per- BRANCHES & AGENCIES THROUGHOUT INDIA And what is true of the Indian Union think she felt that she could spot a step, and a close understanding between and comparable to Boddhidarma, whose manent international friendship. and Pakistan is true of the Indian Catholic at fifty yards. In the country Pakistan and the Indian Union is essen- miraculous passage of the great Yang- TRANSACTS LIFE, FIRE & MARINE INSURANCES States. If some States wish to retain parish where I lived between the ages tial. It is reasonable to assume that tse river on a weed, of course, Is a sheer their new independence at any rate for of three and eleven there had been a Russia will seek to draw the Indian legend. a time, what is the harm provided they pitched battle some years earlier bet- Peninsula into her orbit of influence in Tonneriy, when people wanted to For full particulars apply to: remain good Indians and through stand- ween Orange and Green which is still what the Soviet leaders regard as an fight with one another, they measured still agreements they preserve the unity celebrated, though with diminishing economic struggle with the USA and HCAN-TSANG'S PILOBIMAOI between them their bodily strength; L. S. TRASY, Branch Secretary, ardour, by the Orangemen of Ulster as of Greater India? Such States are larger in a lesser degree with Britain and not it is possible to take away thou- 79. SEMBUDOSS ST., POST BOX No. 285. MADRAS 1. in area and population than several of a glorious victory. Western Europe. Obviously the inhabi- There is no need to give any details to sands of lives by one man working those independent European countries So let us not be dismayed by the tants of the Indian Peninsula have Hsuan-Tsang's pilgrimage to India behind a gun from a hill. This is civi- that the shortage of good Europeans fierceness of the communal passions strong reasons for being on good terms which he started in the year 629> as it is lization."— Mahatma Gandhi. necessitates. that rage in India to-day, or by thewith such a powerful nation as Russia. only too familiar to our Indian friends. ISMMT—-myCZDK> aeon—-xoicraoxzzyoiczDtoic^iow terrible events of the past year. Time On no account must they find them After sixteen years of difficult journeys Let us get back to brotherhood. selves In a military camp definitely and assiduous work, he spent his last Consider the British Commonwealth is a sure healer, and we cannot cut out twenty remaining years fii translating »{ Nations. The nations,, are separate the time factor just because we have (Continued on page XVII) Buddhist sutras which he brought back with him. The total amount of transla- tion works ascribed to him was so stu- pendous that it was about twenty-five times as voluminous as the Christian Bible! His records of the warm and courteous treatment accorded to him by his Indian friends were so vivid and touching that they have never failed to arouse the deep feeling of the Chinese I* people towards Indians, even to-day. So much for the past; and the past is only of value and importance to our present generation as it could be incor- porated into the present to form an in- separable whole towards a future desti- nation. Ever since the time of Hsuan- Tsang's visit, both China and India changed and have constantly been chan- ging, particularly in the last two hun- dred years, politically, economically as well as culturally. There, it seemi to I™,,, I |*«.yi iS me nothing is more urgent than the ^ seeking of a new understanding, with new forms of co-operation in its wake, between our two great ancient and yet modern peoples. Through the more frequent contacts with Western culture and civilisation, and especially by the introduction of the scientific method, both China and India have been working out different ways leading to the adaptation of our lives and fortunes to an entirely new international environment. Indian genius, so far as I THE WIDE EXPERIENCE OF TH know, has never failed in coping with its new tasks. Industrialisation, although MANAGEMENT IN THE CYCt just partially completed, has given India Partners in Progress ? a great promise. Hydraulic systems for TRADE I OR OVER A QUARTER O the benefit oi the farming population has been successfully introduced. Educa- A UiN'J t«Y IS AT TOUR SERV1C Standing on die threshold of t new epoch, we face great tion has been modernised, with the pro- changes in tht India of today. The nation we envisage minent results of supplying India with so large a number of enlightened and wUi be strong, united, better homed, better fed ... and well educated leaders. Archaeological findings have lifted so many historical better clad. And the knowledge that tomorrow, as in the veils in India. And. most important of past, India will find ready use for the hard-wearing, attractive all, modern sciences, pure and applied, in the field of mathematics, physics, che- quality fabrics mad* by the Buckingham & Carnatic Mills, mistry, biology, medicine, and many V>l A v> J.^ A:/ O others, have progressed by leaps and provides an incentive to our further progress. bounds in Indian -universities and re- search institutes. It is this modern and Today, chemical and dyestuff scarcities continue to restrict contemporary India that the Chinese i\ri CO* (MADRAS) LTD. chiefly sponsored the use of the spoken language, in its written form, as a me- dium of expressing thoughts and ideas XXV THE HINDU, FRIDAY, AUGUST 15, 1947.

Similarly Swadeshi. No one can deve "Swaraj", which after a period of ovei GANDHIJFS PHILOSOPHY lop his capacities if his needs are me four decades has at last dawned on by others. This is true not only in regarc A PUBLICIST India. II II to physical needs like those of fooc The last session of the Congress I at- PRODUCTS FOR QUALITY OF ACTION and clothing, but also in regard to sp LOOKS BACK tended, as a delegate, was that held at ATCO ritual needs like religion, education Amritsar in December, 1919, under the STANDS FOR ROBUST AND STURDY CONSTRUCTION : THE FUTURE OF NON-VIOLENCE art and culture. Hence the necessity tc presidentship of Pandit Motilal Nehru. encourage local industry and talent SOME CONGRESS At a special session held in Calcutta in 1. Type Costing Machine By BHARATAH KUMABAPPA Otherwise people will be reduced to September, 1920, the resolution on non- state of helplessness and be incapablt MEMORIES co-operation, moved under Mahatma 2. Dressing Table npO-DAY we rejoice »s we reap the plan and direct his work/as best he may, of looking after themselves. The goa Gandhi's inspiration, was declared by •*• fruit of Gandhiji's efforts to win provided he does not thereby do injury for a believer in non-violence is th< By Or. SACHCHIDANANDA SINHA the President, Lala Lajpat Rai, to have 3. Dressing Rods freedom for India from foreign rule. to his neighbour. The less control over individual's self-development, not gORN in November, 1871, I had jusi been indecisive; but it was carried al- 4. Lead Cutters What is the philosophy motivating this him and interference from the State mere satisfaction of his wants. completed my 17th year when H most unanimously at the annual session frail old man that has led him success- or from a powerful managerial group, DISLIKE OF WESTERN CIVILISATION fell to my lot to witness, for the firs' held at Nagpur in December of the same 5. Treadle Paper Perforator fully and without shedding of blood to the better. This is possible only under year, and I found myself at variance in a decentralised economy, where indivi- This explains also Gandhiji's dislikt time, a session of the Indian National regard to the methods embodied in it 6. Flour Mill break up the mightiest empire the world of Western civilisation. He finds tha' Congress. For three years before, my has ever known? What other great duals manage their own work and are mind had been saturated with the rising for the attainment of Swaraj. 7. Horary Oil Mill achievements would he lead his country limited only by the needs of self- instead of making the individual self- sufficient and self-governing village dependent and capable of being his ow spirit of nationalism in the country. But LIBERALS BREAK AWAY 8. Centrifugal Pump to, if his people only followed him? master, and of thinking and acting fo: being at that time a school student, ani Obviously, we cannot within the limits groups. the first three sessions of the Congres: Immediately on the publication of the of this article attempt to give more than Gandhiji's passion for liberty and dis- himself, the West through industrialisa- Montague-Chelmsford Report in 1918, a 9. Disintegrator trust of all state control over the indi* tion has led him to enslavement. It having been held at Bombay, Calcutt; number of Congress veterans conceived the barest essentials in the way of an has multiplied his wants and made him and Madras, respectively, I could noi 10. Other Machinery fir Parts answer vidual is rooted in his non-violence. attend any of them. But the fourth ses the idea of seceding from the Congress, Nothing can injure a man so much as dependent for his happiness on their ful- and forming another political body, to be 11. Building Materials such at The secret of his philosophy of action depriving him of his liberty; for with- filment. • Through artificial device: sion was to be held in December 1888 known as the National Liberal Federa- lies in his unswerving faith in eternal out free will there can be no moral or invented to counteract the evil effect: at Allahabad, when I was a first yea: tion. At the suggestion of Mr. Chinta- Butt Hinges, Hasps & Staples, verities, call them Truth, God or moral spiritual growth and development. of dissipation in regard to food, drink student in the Patna College, apd I madi mani, the then Editor of the Leader (of etc., etc. principles. He regards his life as a quest and sex, he is encouraged to go furthe up my mind months before it was held Liberty, In the political sphere, means that I must attend that session. Ac Allahabad), Sir Surendra Nath sent me for Truth, and his public activities as self-government. So he organised a and further down the road to self a long telegram asking me to join the FOR PARTICULARS * PRICE APPLY TO: due to » longing for self-identification movement for liberating his country destruction, till he loses all self-contro cordingly, in the last week of Decem new party. I had a consultation with with the heart of the universe. For him from foreign rule. For this, however, he and becomes completely a slave of hi! ber, 1888, I travelled in a rickety third Syed Hasan Imam, who also had receiv- nothing else matters. cravings. As all his wants are met b class compartment to Allahabad, and could not resort to violence as other stayed there with some relations o: ed a similar telegram. We decided at ASSOCIATED TRADING CORPORATION, LIMITED, In this he is essentially in line with revolutionaries" had done, as non- ready-made goods manufactured en that time to stick to the Congress, and MANUFACTURERS, ENGINEERS, FOUNDERS, ELECTR0PLATER8 * violence was the basis of his philoso- masse by machines, he is losing all mine. That year's session of the Con-I sent a long reply to Sir Surendra, on MILITARY CONTRACTORS. the seers and saints of old, who also initiative and capacity for creation. In gress had evoked considerable opposi- gave themselves completely to the phy. Besides, he believed that means tion not only from the British official behalf of both of us, declining to ac- 33, WALLERS ROAD, MOUNT ROAD, MADRAS. search for and to union with the Infinite. and end were organje. So if he wanted these ways the spark of divinity which cept his invitation. A little later Hasan Telephone : 8226. Telegram : "Beem". to establish non-violence, he felt he is in him—the power he shares with dom, headed by Sir Auckland Colvin (the Imam presided over the special session But his uniqueness consists in this that his Maker to control and create—is Lieutenant-Governor of the North-West- this age old quest and passionate devo- could not do it by violence, any more ern Provinces and Chief Commissioner of the Congress, held in Bombay in Sep- tion led him, not to a life of seclusion than he could hope to make water cold extinguished, and he tends to becom Of Oudh), but also from some. Indians of tember of that year, and I stood by and retirement in the Himalayas but to by heating it. dehumanised and regimented. Besides high position the most important of him. It was only after the adoption of But mere political freedom does not through industrialisation the West has the Nagpur resolution in 1920, that both service of his fellowmen. whom was Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, the Hasan Imam and I decided net to be India had always taught that the mean much to the masses. What they been led into imperialism and war, ani founder of the Anglo-Oriental College JUST ARRIVED LIMITED QUANTITY OF Deity was not some remote abstract want are food, clothes, shelter, health has thus become a menace to humanity at Aligarh, which was converted, in actively associated with the Congress. entity but was the very soul and life- education and opportunities for self- Gandhiji therefore turns his face away 1920, into the present Muslim University. But I have always claimed to be a Con- principle of' the universe. He was the development. They are held in bondage from the West and sees in non-violence The session was presided over by a well- gressman, as I have never identified my- FAMOUS SWISS WATCHES unity that ran through all creation like by poverty, disease, ignorance, drink or love the only salvation for man. In known British merchant, Mr. George self with any other political party or or- a string through pearls, and sustained and other evil habits. They cannot be this he is but capturing for the modern Yule, an ex-Sheriff of Calcutta, and an ganisation in the country. When the Fitted with 15 Jewels Antimagnetie. liberated till these obstacles to their world the spirit of our ancient past. ex-President of the Bengal Chamber of Golden Jubilee of the Congress was The direct result of this belief was self-development are removed. Hence But we are too much under the spell Commerce. celebrated in Bihar, in 1935, I had the tor Gandhiji to seek his salvation only Gandhiji's movement for Khadi and of the West, to give him a hearing unique privilege of being unanimously to and through the salvation of his other Village industries, medical aid, Now that independence has come, how- The number of delegates was very elected the President of the Celebrations fellowmen. He who would find God must basic education, temperance, and such ever, we shall have in planning ou large, nearly 1,500, and included severa Committee. like. All these activities of his are off- future to decide whether we shall let eminent leaders, from the various pro- ftnd Him in identifying himself with his him lead us further, or go our own During the period of over a quarter fellows. The individual and society are shoots of his philosophy of non-violence, vinces. There were on the platform, of a century which has elapsed since, which, stated positively, aims at liberat- way. It is a decision which will have among others, Bepin Chandra Pal from one. In serving society, therefore, he to be made not onjy by us in India I have done my little bit as a Congress- finds himself. ing the powers of the individual to Sylhet (in Assam), Surendra Nath Ban- man in various ways in the press and the fullest, so that he may grow and but also by the rest of the world. On nerjee from Calcutta, Pandit Ayodhya Another result of this belief was his it hangs the destiny of humanity. on the platform, and also as Jails Mem- application of religion and morality to develop to the maximum, Nath, one of the leaders of the Allaha- ber of the Government of the Province, social life. People generally regard reli- bad High Court Bar, who was the Chair- and my humble efforts have been duly gion as a personal matter, and morality taken ten years ago and exemplifies man of the Reception Committee, Sar- appreciated by one of the great Congress •s something which should govern the the good old adage "Where there is a dar Dayal Singh Majithia (founder of leaders, Dr. Rajepdra Prasad. In the relation of one Individual to another. Service to the will, there is a way." the Lahore Tribune), and that rising po- course of a sketch of my career, which But since for Gandhiji the line of de- The climax in the freedom struggli litician. Lajpat Rai, also G. Subrama- he contributed as an Introduction to the marcation between the individual and Common Man was reached when in August 1942, niam Aiyar (of THE HINDU) amongst a collection of my writings and speeches, society ceased to exist, religion and Mahatma Gandhi first sent forth the group of several South Indian notabi- published in 1942, he wrote amongst morality which were ordinarily applied call 'Quit India' and it is in the fitness lities, and last but not least, the tower many complimentary things, as follows: only to individual conduct, he applied "We Have To Shed of things that in the same month India ing personality of Phiroze Shah Mehta, But he has never ceased to associate also in the social economic and political should become independent. We havi from Bombay, with another great intel- cordially with Congressmen and his spheres. Old Ideas" suffered much, we have undergone many lectual by his side, viz., Kashinath Trim- house and hospitality have been always privations, many of us have lost all bak Telang, who was soon after eleva- available to them." The result is that BASIS OF PHILOSOPHY By Mr. 0. P. RAMASWAMI REDDIAR that we had, but comparing our free ted to the Bench of the Bombay High almost every Congressman, who has come f\N this historic occasion of the attain- dom struggle with the struggle of other Court. But though I heard all these into prominence as a public man, during Still anothejr result of Gandhiji's v great leaders and eminent orators, the belief in the essential unity of all beings ment by India of a place in the countries, our loss in life and properly this period has been known to me, more comity of Nations as an Independent has been very small indeed—thanks to greatest impression made on my youth- or less, intimately as a personal friend, was that the only right principle of ful mind was by that sweet-tongued conduct for man was non-violence or Member thereof, our hearts go out in Mahatma Gandhi's doctrine of non and any difference between me and them gratitude to that Great Saint, Mahatma violence. We have waged our war o: orator, then below thirty, the late la- in regard to the method of work for love. Whatever unites man with his mented Pandit Madan Mohan Malavya fellows partakes of the nature of Gandhi, who more than any other sin- independence without • any feeling o the attainment of India's freedom has gle person has been responsible for this bitterness and our war has been to a The most notable feature of that ses- never stood in the way of our close Reality. Non-violence or love does this. sion was the appearance on the Cong- Therefore, it is to be adopted. result. The War of Independence of the remarkable extent free from any racia friendship, since we recognised that our year 1857 was waged with much valour hatred. ress platform, of Raja Shiva Prasad, ideals being absolutely the same (viz., With non-violence- as the base, his and with a lot of loss of life. It un- While we realise what we have achie- with the Star of India emblazoned res- the complete economic and political whole philosophy of action follows step fortunately failed and left the people ved, it is time that we took stock of plendent on his breast, who was the freedom of India) differences in regard by step. Non-violence demands not only wKh a sense of frustration and defeat- the situation and prepared ourselves for most pronounced Hindu opponent of the to the method of work did not matter, that the individual may not commit ism. The torch of fight for freedom the future. Our troubles begin only Congress. He was heard patiently, but and should not matter. physical violence against another, but then lit was dimmed but not extin- hereafter. We are a great country with his amendment (which was no amend- that every form of social injustice and guished. It was 28 years before the peo- great natural resources, but we are one ment) that the Congress be dissolved As I recall these few reminiscences Inequality must cease, and individuals ple could just rise up and think again of the poorest countries in the world. was laughed down. I returned from the of my long career in the public life of be given full and equal scope for self- of freedom and organise themselves for Our resources in men and materials Congress a confirmed Congressman, the country, I am naturally reminded development. If the social system makes that purpose under the banner of the have not been fully utilised. We are which I claim to have been all these of the large number of our leaders, distinctions between man and man, Indian National Congress. The Congress underclothed and underfed. Many of us sixty years. friends, and comrades, who have fallen gives opportunities of knowledge, wealth first began in a humble way but soon have so far lost ourselves in the strug- in their march to the goal of victory. and spiritual development to some but Its voice became more strident and per- gle for freedom and have not consciously CAMPAIGN IN BRITAIN Jut it must be recorded that but for denies them to others, then such a social sistent and It is under its banner that prepared ourselves to shoulder the res- heir sacrifice of health, money, and even system must go. For are not all men the country has now achieved freedom. ponsibility that is now ours. The sud- A year later, that is, in December 1889, jf life itself, the four hundred millions embodiments of the one Brahman? It was when Mrs. Besant entered the den dawn of responsibility on us has I managed to slip away stealthily, from of us should not have lived to see the Touchable or untouchable, Hindu or political life of the country in 1917 that taken some of us almost by surprise and Calcutta, to prosecute my studies in Eng- day of India's Independence. As such, Muslim, are one before God. So they I began my humble service to the cause it is time that we consciously set our- land and I had to do as my desire had I would like to pay a tribute of regard, must be one for man. of the country. Soon came the great selves to the task of preparing ourselves met with considerable opposition at the esteem, and love, to the memory of all Or take economic life. Judged by the Movement of Non-co-operation started by to serve the country in new walks of hands of my parents, and also the those men and women who, during the standard of non-violence, any system Mahatma Gandhi and I was one of those life. We have got to train and apply our- friends and relations of the family. 1 last sixty years, had played their part, •which involves more than the minimum who threw their hearts and soulj into selves to the task of administration. We arrived in London early in February, on the stage of Indian public life, in 1890, and decided to join the Hon'ble the cause, the great cause, of Indian force and compulsion is wrong. Larga- it. I am a believer in the Gandhian have got to shed off many of our old us.|| u.MI]i scale production, whether under Capital- way of life and also his method of ideas which were good enough during a Society of the Middle Temple, for being Independence, which had been achieved ism or under Socialism, is, therefore, struggle. The Civil Disobedience Move- period of struggle, but which might not called to the Bar, which status I ob- at last, and the fruition of which I hope A serviceable, reliable 15 Jewels Watch with sweep second hand Water- unacceptable. For when it is carried on ments in 1930 and 1932 galvanised the be quite proper at a time when we are tained in January 1893, when I return- to witness—if I am alive till then—at on a national or global scale, as it tends nation into a strength which it had not masters in our home. More than all, there ed home. About, the time I left Calcut- Delhi, on the 15th of this month, in the proof Radium dial—easy to see at night. Sturdy Steel Case. A fine to b«, it becomes centralised and has to felt before and the people at last began is the lot of the common man in this on board the steamer, the Bombay Constituent Assembly Chamber, when watch that will stand hard wear. be managed by experts, the bulk of the to realise their strength. The Conserva- country to be improved. He is one of the session of the Congress* was being held power will be formally transferred from people becoming merely servants carry- tive Party then In power in England hardest hit, most miserably clothed, fed under the presidentship of Sir William British to Indian hands, and India will Ing out orders issued to them by those tried its best' to suppress this and and housed individual in the world. It Wedderburn—one of the greatest prota- have attained Swaraj at long last. It is Apply to: at the top. This necessitates violence, wasted five long years over constitu- is in service to him that we have to lonists of India's political demands. The a long march for me from the 1888 ses- the Individual being forced to conform tion-making. The speed with which reach our highest levels. May we on this session was memorable for the visit of sion of the Congress to the 15th August, S. S. VARADARAJA SONS, Mr. Bradlaugh, then a prominent and .947, ceremonial; and I am thankful to to orders issued from the centre, recently all provisions were made for solemn occasion re-dedicate ourselves to DUPLEIX STREET, POND1CHERRY, F. INDIA. whether he wishes to or not. Non- the transfer of power, even for the serve him—that, in fact, is service to advanced Radical member of the House Providence for granting me this great violence, on the other hand, involves partition of the country, can well be the mother-country and also service to >f Commons, who introduced an and rare privilege to see the dream of giving full scope to the Individual to contrasted with the enormous delay God. India Bill in Parliament, in I860, on my life realised. is return from India. To support his Bill the Congress had sent a deputation to Britain. It consisted of Mr. Yule, Mr. W. C. Bonnerjee (the first Presi- dent), Mr. Surendra Nath Bannerjee,, Mr. Eardly Norton, Mr. Modholkar, and •u young Moropat Joshi (then between 25 and 30), and now, as Sir Moropat Joshi, venerable figure in the Central Pro- vinces and Berar. I went round with :he deputation to almost all the places ;hey visited, and attended the various functions held in their honour. The Con- gress had not been able to include in the deputation any Muslim, but I ma- naged to induce the late Mr. (later Sir) All Imam, who was on the eve of being called to the Bar, to go about with the deputation, which he very kindly did. | His association proved very useful. My most notable connection with the freedom movement for India in Britain was in 1892, in the election contest of Dadabhoy Naoroji. I did my little bit of canvassing for him in the Central 'msbury constituency. Dadabhoy was sleeted by a very narrow margin of votes, and his election was impeached by his opponent; but fortunately the im- peachment failed and Dadabhoy was de- clared duly elected as the first Indian member of the House of Commons. The announcement of. his election evoked tremendous enthusiasm, not only through- out the length and breadth of India, but in Britain also—more particularly be- cause during the course of the contest Lord Salisbury had gone out of his way to refer to Dadabhoy as "a black man." To celebrate his victory a banquet was arranged at the famous Holborn Res- taurant in London, which was attend- ed by nearly five hundred guests, rep- resenting all shades of political opinion, ind over which Sir Muncharjee Bhow- laggree presided. The speeches deliver- iciiiif :d were highly enthusiastic. The large IK 'outhful section of the gathering shout- •d themselves hoarse with slogans, and ery nearly broke the glass-ware oil Till & M0NE\ the table with their thumpings. As THE HINDU I understand, supports the pro- ibition movement, I shall not refer to .nything which might hurt the feelings if its readers, and so I shall give no letails of how much spirit the guests :onsumed to keep themselves in good ipirits! In 1893, I went to Lahore, not as a lelegate but as a visitor, to witness the WE OFFER lession held in that year under the pre- iidentship of Dadabhoy Naoroji. The next YOU ;wo years I could not attend the Con- Jress sessions as they were held at dis- A WIDE RANGE Of ;ant places. But I joined the Calcutta :ession in 1896, as a delegate from. Alla- MOTOR CYCLES labad, at which place I had settled down ly that time, after getting myself en- TO SUIT oiled in the High Court as an Advo- :ate. Since 1896, till the Amritsar ses- ALL TASTES AND :ion held in 1919, for about a quarter )f a century, I was intimately associa- PURSES. ted with the Congress movement and its activities; and attended regularly al- most every session that was held in this fairly long interval of time. For many ?ears I was Secretary of the Bihar Pro- incial Congress Committee, and after- '-••-•! INSERTED BY NATtONAl INSURANCE COMPANY LTD. ards its President. Of the sessions held iuring this fairly long period, perhaps ITi 1•J he most notable was the one held in 1 • i 1if ». COUNCIL MOUSE STREET* CALCUTTA. alcutta in 1906, under the president- Iif A .11•ml ship of Dadabhoy Naoroji, who came SkimMl ?ut especially from London to guide the iestinies of the country; and who, for the first time in the political annals of *Af-A. modern India, introduced the term THE HINDU, FRIDAY, AUGUST 15, 1947. XV Unknown Warriors of OUTLOOK FOR NEW FREEDOM HAS ITS RENAISSANCE OF Freedom DOMINIONS RESPONSIBILITIES By KHA8A SUBBA RAU INDIAN CULTURE (XN this, India's Day of Indeptadtnce, By ALL.ADI KBISHNASWAMI v AIYAR it U meet and proper that we recol- By ANANDA OOOMARASWAMY lect with gratitude the contribution to iMutual Tolerancg TT the 15th August 1MT Is the date the present ttate of the countless un- •*• when India passes from foreign /\Tm problem k sot to much on* of provides for both the hearts and minds known warriors that laid down their Necessary itelage to Independence, it has also to ^ re-birth gi an Indian culture as Of men, and gives them an inalienable lives in the battle for freedom. This has realised that freedom carries with it it is one of preserving what- remains of dignity; and because of this, the natural been unlike any other battle*. StrugglfW Py T. R. ySMKATAR^MA 8A*TIH own responsibilities to the Govern- it. This culture is valid for us not so connection of religion with sociology for the collective political liberty tw > Ot* concerned and the people. No much because it is Indian as because it and politics has never been broken. people, have to be fought on the physi- UGUST 15 starts a new epoch in anger will it be possible for the states- is culture. At the same time its special There is no such opposition of sacred to cal plane, since as national consciousness A our Country's history. It is the In- men and administrators engaged in the forms are adapted to the specifically profane as is taken for granted in the increases, the ruling power is left with dependence Day which we shall cele- governance of this country to plead India's nature and inheritance and they west; in our experience culture and re- nothing else except its over-awing ph brate *very year as the Day of our foreign rule and the shackles imposed are appropriate to us in the Same way ligion have been indivisible; and that in sical resources, for maintaining itself Liberation. But every one's mind, by it as » reason for the poverty and that national costume is appropriate to our inheritance, is what we can least of possession. It may be that the atom bomb, evefy orj^i literally, has a lingering distress in the country. The consequen- those who have the right to wear it. We all afford to abandon. with its potentiality of wholesale death thought ol rfgret. In different ways w% 1| ' flowing front inflation, the food cut a sorry figure in our foreign or Indian women at the present day and to th* exclusion of a maimed or surviv- £pefe try to silence that regret. ition m the country and in the hybrid clothes; and only invite the ri- so far as they have not yet been ing population to rule over, influenced A' at large, ' the fall in the Indus- dicule of foreign musiciani by playing "brought up to date", are our best con- British imperialists more than any phy- You tell yourself that the regret Is output dut to various causes, the harmonium. servators of Indian culture. And let us sical inconvenience caused to them by vain, that great men, be it Mr. Jinnah the clash between capital and labour, The younger generation of gogetters not forget that in a country like India the Indian challenge of freedom, to or GandhijT or the other high-placed the difficulty experienced in the import *fll that comes to America to study and any judgment of standards of culture realise that superiority in inflicting des- Congress leaders, are your late and of capital goods and the dollar exchange, that will largely shape the course of in terms of statistics of literacy would truction had passed on to other hands, what they have agreed to becomes bind- have all raised problems of great and India's social and educational policies be ridiculous; literacy in the modern and with their brilliant talent for im- ing on you willingly. Tha great scrip- increasing complexity which will tax in the immediate future is, for the most world of magazines and newspapers, is proviSation, to switch on to other me- ture of your land keeps on whispering: the entire resources of the new Govern- part, as ignorant of India's traditions no. guarantee of culture whatever; and thods of preserving their influence and "Despicable is faint-heartedness. Shake ment. At the same time, the average and cultural values as any 'European it is far better not to know how to pre-eminence. But the fighters for free- it off and gird up to the task now fac-citizen will have to realise that it will might be and sometimes even more so; read than not to know what to read. dom in India could have foreseen neither ing you." But even while you reflect not be possible for the National Gov- •nf jpt' because of this lack of back- In the meantime also there is an imme- the atom bomb nor the swift change that thus, persists the regret that generations ernment to bring in a new heaven and ground cannot grasp the American and diate and desperate need for the estab- has taken place since its advent, in the of ardent patriots laboured for Libe- earth overnight. Every citizen must feel European problems that confront it. lishment of cultural, and not merely British treatment of India. Their fight ration of One Undivided India and—is all it as his bounden duty to help the new Freedom is the opportunity to act in ac- economic and political contacts with was not made easy by any calculations that to end thus in the defeat of a di- administration with well-Instructed and >*> cordance with one's own nature. But the rest of the world. No doubt the in advance of certain, proximate victory. vided India. But it is for ever true that informed criticism as it is the duty of jour leaders are already de-natured, West is very largely to be blamed for The forces were so unevenly matched, it is no use recalling to mind past in- the Government to seek enlightenment quite as much as Lord Macaulay could Its own cultural isolation which amounts that by no process of sane calculation cidents and saying to yourself: Had our from every Quarter. "have 'wished them to be "a class of per- to a very real provincialism; but blame could the weaker side ever hope for great leaders done this and this and this The next few years will be eventful is also ours, for our students and other mastery in any trial of physical strength and not done that and that, we should ! sons Indian in blood- and colour but over the other. Judged by ordinary years in the history of our country. English in tastes, in opinions, in mo- representatives abroad are oftener en- not have been in this predicament to7 Some of the older generation might rals and in intellect". Because they gineers or physicists or politicians than standards, there was an element of in- day. The unification of India and its ul- not be able to realise the magnitude have yet to "discover" India they have men of culture—where they ought to sanity or madness in the attempt of timate unity are ideas still pursuing us. of the changes that are coming on and not realised that the modern world is have been both at once, able to contri- India's unarmed and disarmed people to However pessimistic one feels about the there may be a tendency to still think no longer an integrated culture but "an bute something more than their fees to contend for their freedom with the orga- achievement of this unity, one must in terms of the past and of a by- organised barbarism and a political those from whom they come to learn nised might of what had been till the work all one can with intelligence and gone age. The lawyer, the judge, the pandemonium". They have no more the newest techniques. When the culture other day, the mightiest empire on earth. discrimination and with steady strenuous Government servant, the commercial man that we know and propose to restore In national affairs, what is adjudged effort. ; moral courage "to be themselves" with- was alive, learned men of foreign coun- and the average citizen will have to I'out.wMch they can be of little use to madness by the commonsense standards tune themselves to new conditions and —••* i?* tries came from far away to study in of the work-a-day world, is the core of NATIONALISM AND RELIGION 1 themselves or anyone else than had India. The measure of- our culture is not learn to think and speak in a different ' the!*" predecessors on whom a socalled faith, self-dependent and impervious to Tolerance and mutual goodwill and language and terms. Questions which that of our ability to learn new tricks outside terror, that is at the bottom of . West&rn education had been more for- but that of what we have to give. collaboration in the many common tasks assumed considerable importance under cibly imposed in missionary colleges or the self-immolation of heroes for great both internal and external will be need- a foreign administration would natural- causes, is responsible for the miracles ly lose their importance in the new Government-controlled Universities. It ed. In the matter of succour to Indo- j •will take many '• long year yet for of history and is spoken of as capable of nesia both have acted in agreement. In dispensation. The police force, the civil =.«-J> s*ir«=L j» ""„* sr Indians to recover their spontaneity. INDIA AND moving mountains. Of all the mad the matter of South Africa, I doubt not service and the military arms of Gov- For the present most of our "educated" people engaged in India's freedom fight, that they will act together. If the de- ernment which the people were prone men are just a: much as Americans, BRITAIN its unknown warriors we're the maddest clarations riow made in regard to the to regard with distrust and suspicion —and the most heroic. They were protection of minorities in India and as instruments of foreign rule, will dominated by current catchwords cf (FROM OUR CORRESPONDENT.) \jOvCtl£ India comes into her inheritance. i "Equality", "Democracy", "Progress'1, prompted by hopes of gaining nothing Pakistan are carried out faithfully, it have to turn themselves into efficient "Literacy" and so forth. In the past and LONDON, Aug. 15. in return for what they feave—and they will be a great »tep to the future that instruments of national service and the The 15 th of August mirks the achievement of independent* still to-dfty Indians nave earned and Mr. Godfrey Nicholson. Sip, (Con-gave all that men could give for a we envisage. Apart from the oft-rapeated citizen must be trained to regard them deserved much of the contempt of Eu- servative), who visited India, in 1934-35 cause. Perhaps they felt waflned by the statement -feat fee test of a well-gov- as such. by one of the g»e»t natiow of the world. ropeans whom they have flattered so and again last year at a member of the glow of a common adventure shared erned State is UX the treatment given to Parliamentary Delegation, in a message with tha greatest and miJst renowned 61 The medium of knowledge and com- sincerely by imitation of all their the minorities, we have here two divi- munication of ideas may undergo a habits and ways of thinking. We, too to India on the Independence Day the nation's leaders, men like Gandhi sions of a country with the majority and Nehru. Intuitively they must have community of one being the minority radical change in the course of the How tho history of this land shall be "written, how the are on our way to become a nation of felt impelled by a sense of personal par- next generation. The popular Govern- Sudras, at the same time industrious As, Conservative member of Parlia- community in the other. It is one of ments will have to think in big terms ment arid as the Vice-President of the ticipation in the work and fortunes of the errors noticed in the politics of the histoty books of the future speak of us, is the concern of every anil ignorant. Notwithstanding that all their country and they were sustained and shed narrow prejudices. While the farecepts of philosophy refer to life Conservative India Committee, it gives 'middle east' that nationalism is not every impetus will have to be given me the greatest pleasure to be asked to in their standards of judgment on human ethnic but religious and the same error patriot celebrating today his country's freedom. we Save learnt from the modern world values by no thought of income, position to indigenous culture the country will to despite the lover of wisdom and to send fraternal greeting to th* peoples is repeated in the Indian Nationalism. have to realise that It cannot afford to leap before we look. of India on this great and historic occa- or power or other form of personal People of diverse cree'ds and castes) who neglect the new currents of world It is, however, especially the responsibility of large sion. Indian affairs are not matters of benefit and no vanity for self-advertise- before the political awakening in the thought or the advance of scientific On the other side of the Indian pic- Party controversy in Great Britain and ment. country co-operated in the execution of ture' are great figures and such Indian knowledge" if India is to keep pace with I know I am telling the literal truth These unknown warriors of freedom their many common tasks in villages and the rest of the world and deserve a industrial and commercial organisations, upon which depend "sociologists as Mahatzna Gandhi and when I say without exception every man did not think of defeat or of their own towns for their common benefit are being place of honour and distinction in the Bharotan Kumarappa. Both are advo- and woman in this country prays that lives and safety. All that they were aware exhorted to-dav to treat each other as comity of nations. The best intellects so much India's futtue prosperity and pttsfigo. cates of forms of human association un- happiness and prosperity may be the lot of was of hope for the future. They had adversaries. Fortunately the co-opera- in the country irrespective of caste, favourable to war and both are signi- of India in future. We pray too that confidence in that future and were ex- tion has not wholly disappeared because creed or class will have to be harnessed . Scant w much for th* rest of the world links that have so closely knit together cited and interested about it. They died the sanity that the essential needs of to the service of the nation and of the We, Allen Berry & Co., Ltd., pledge ourselves to main- as for India in this age of the peorUes, of our two countries in the that the world they knew and had lived past may not only remain as strong but life demand is not overruled by the State. May this great country of ours •vioteBee. Unlike the Utopists of in may be made better for those who slogans that the politicals teach the tain, and, whew possible, to better our own high standards the modem West neither of these men will become still stronger and closer survived and came after. What have lin fresh vitality and strength with as the years pass, now that they are ex- people. Fortunately even the politicals « ushering in of freedom. suppose that the ills of the world can we, the living, to say to these dead-to do hot alwayj follow their own slogans of service, and to do all in our power touphol d the standards be cured by planning or economic means clusively bonds of affection and com- mon interest; now that no element of whom we owe so much in attainment of in life. end integrity of Indian commerce and industry, •Ion* without a change of heart. Both compulsion or domination remains. the present freedom7 Something more seeking to restore the forms of social is due to them than spasmodic exhibitions Here is Mr. Ghazanfarali Khan saying organisation wherein human values I am convinced from my own know- of emotion exhausting itself in getting that a State according to the ideals of shalT predominate over those of "suc- ledge of India, and my own country that exhibited. It is being unfaithful to the Islam will be established in Pakistan. I Dr. SHARIR'S cess"* evaluated only in terms of money. although we are divided by many thou- grand purpose of the unknown warriors wished to put him the question, 'In Particularly. Bharatan Kumarappa's sands of miles of land and sea and al- of freedom who laid with trjeir lives what respects does your Pakistan State MESSAGE masterly work ''Capitalism, Socialism though there are profound differences the foundations of the State .inherited differ from a modern Democratic C/{\leYiBmy& Go..£U, or Villagism?" is a reasoned argument of race and creed, there is yet in com- by India's present leaders on indepen- State? Pray state it in explicit terms Dr. Sharlr, the Indonesian leader, has for decentralisation, local self-sufficiency, mon between us a similar approach to dence Day, to seek, as some of the vul- without any mutual reservation." Be- sent the following special message to small-scale manufacture and restoration the great problems of life and politics. gar profiteers of patriotism have been fore I could put that question down on of a direct personal relation between THE HINDU on the occasion of the Automobile Engineers fa India and to. Great Britain, I find seeking to do in our midst, to split those paper came the declaration of our Maha- Independence Day: producers and consumers of the neces- the same kindliness of heart, the same foundations by opposing class against sabha friends that the Indian State E R P R saries of life: and.;tiift inyohre* Mw respect for simple and homely virtues class and developing cleavage perpetu- should t>e a Hindu State. Both may "In these moments of great need A DALM ! A -• J A whole" of bur culture, since it is the that form the basis of all human happi- ally—for if the cleavage is forced into now teH us what they mean by a Hindu Indonesia has found in India a real natural and proper function of the arts, ness and progress and the same belief deep ruts, there will be no remedy left State and Muslim state and in what friend. W've never been so close to to provide for all the needs of the whole in the freedom and rights and value of except a dictatorship of force and loss respects they would differ from a mo- each other at heart before in history." man, as a physical and metaphysical the individual. Providence 'has decreed of freedom for all. "If you wish to pre- dern State, and what it would mean to person, at one and the same time. that for many generations in the past, the, minorities. I always thought that _ Again, throughout the ages, India has serve a free democracy," wrote Sayers, our fortunes should be closely linked "you must base it not on classes and the Hindus at any rate were not thinking i'beeii a land of profound religious con- together. It is my deep conviction that of going back on the established equal ;>ictions and of equally generous reli- we have a common destiny and that categories, for this will lead you to the totalitarian State, where no one maylaws and the system of administration \jious tolerance. Here at least if no- the peoples of India and Great Britain now in vogue. Neither the one declara- ? where else it is still possible for men to will continue to march together hand in act or think except as the member of a tion nor. the other can make for peaca think of their own faith as the friend hand to face the heavy problems that category but upon the individual or promote the union of the two parts Tom, Dick and Harry—upon you and 'and ally of all others in a common confront mankind. It is with this faith 1 ever again- While I am sure that in -cause, ft has been said that in the West in my heart that I send a message of me. ' A timely warning this, fit for the India the cry is futile and will never religion Is fast becoming an archaic and sincerest congratulations and affection conscience of every true votary of free- prevail, I am not so' sure of Pakistan. Impossible refuge. But in India it still to India to-day. dom, to serve as stimulus for the soul's It is after the charge definitely made discipline on Independence Day. that Pakistan intends to set up a me- dieval government that this declaration is made by so important a personage of Pakistan as Mr. Ghazanfarali Khan.

Many time* have I myself and many others said that India cannot be divided Without harm to the divided parts end I am not going again to refer to the many aspects that demand a Federation of all part* of India so as to reconcile the States' autonomy with the need for a central agency to co-ordinate their activities for their common benefit. U.S.A., Canada, and Australia to men- tion a few only, all these bigger than India, set us an example. One has only to examine their constitutions to see how much it has been considered ne- cessary to entrust to the Federal Agen- cy for the benefit of the component States. New States are desirous of join- ing them. That marks off our unwisdom and short-sightedness from the far- | r sighted wisdom of those, lands. % % mmmm STATES' ATTITTJDI As if this division has not dome enough to Injure our lasting interests, we have States struggling to all they can to inflict further harm on the coun- try in pursuit of their short-sighted desire to retain uncontrolled authority in their own hands over their own State affairs. MM I should suggest to the State autho- rities that it would be wise to set up Popular Governments with one reser- / # vation that if the Ruler thought that a grave mistake is being committed he should be entitled to withhold assent and refer the matter back for reconsi- 4^mmm deration and if the legislature persists, A the Huler can dissolve and convoke a :/#/+", new legislature for a final decision of mm'MMM the question. Such a step will assure the people that the Ruler is not out for autocratic rule and people will be more readily heed his advice and accept his guidance. It may never become neces- sary to use the power. Such a step will give an opportunity 0 for the good people in the community to come forward and take the helm, of OkAMOtmHi affairs. Resistance and the agitation that follow upon it must fh many cases Bring up only the disorderly elements in society and place them in power when the authorities have finally to yield to popular clamour. that History usei If our Rulers are prepared to take best of its kind* The wise steps in internal administration ivuvri they will find no difficulty in assenting to the invitation to join the Indian Jbarn wllfc undying Union. Fear always precipitates what it apprehends. If the Ruler sheds the fear end glow with u that he will lose power and influence he may be able to retain both. Auto- glory* cracy's day is coming to an end. There Is no need to apprehend trouble from th*. Centre. They haye seen the need to drop their threats and assume more conciliatory attitude. Where there is trouble they will be of help as the case of Rampur now shows. That is the ele- ment of paramountcy that is still re- CALICO MILLS, AHMEDABAD; SWASTIK OIL MILLS LTD., BOMBAY; SARABRAI quired by the Eulers. With that will na- CHEMICALS, BAROBA; BEHAE SUGAR WORKS, PACHBUK|n; KARAMCHAND turally go the duty to see that the aid PREMCHAND LTD.) AHMfEDABAD; WESTERN INDIA PROSPECTING SYNDICATE is not invoked in aid of autocratic sup- LTD., AHMED.ABAD; BAKUBHAI & AMBALAL LTD., LONDON; SARABHAI AGENCIES, pression of the people. NEW YORKj BAKIJBHAI AMBALAL LTB., BOMBAY; COTTON & CLOTH LTD, BOMBAY, "The more* we advance ta true know- ledge the better we shall understand that we need not be at war with those whose religion we may not follow."— Mahatma Gandhi ITT THB HINDU, FRIDAY, AUGUST IB, 1947.

WITH TH| nm DAWN OF INDIAN FREEDOM % OF FREEDOM The GREATEST DAY .»« M/"hen the whole A NEW AND GLORIOUS ERA HAS BEEN OPENED TO US country joins to- ~ day in welcom- ing the greatest ALUMINIUM We shall continue to To d«s«rv« this free- .\ event in history, The All-Punxw* serve the nation to dom, every Indian Metal is used from gain economic Inde- with joy and hope should do his best in Household Uten- sils to pendence for the this National Efiort. country. i'iv* and gratefulness AEROPLANES w *^. £ we send B^1* •?>•*•*• e" DIRECT AM* YOUR ENQUIRIES IN ALUMINIUM TO TOOK OUR GREETINGS TO THEM ALE NEABEST CENTRE: JEEWANLAL (1929) LIMITED KlSHINCHAND CHELLARAM Managing Director i MODERN SHOP FAVOURITE SHOP RAI BAHADUR HIMOHAND K. SHAH 181 70-72 CAIXXJTCA, BOMBAY. MADRAS, RAJAHMUNDRY; ADEN, Mount Road — MADRAS — Rattan Bazaar. RANGOON & DELHI OOTACAMUND, COONOOR AND C0IMBAT0R1.

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accepted France's invitation to consider militarily aggressive, and she is respon- MANCIPATION OF India should Pursue the Marshall Plan, but had to withdraw sible for the creation of numbers of new because ot Russia's displeasure. Finland, Republics on none of which has she im- WOMEN . Hungary and the Balkan countries have posed economic imperialism. The new Path's of Peace also had to debar themselves from the wealth of Central Asia gives local pros- By (Mrs.) S. MUTHULAKSHMI REDOI (Continued from paje XIII) prospect of American aid in reconstruc- perity to Turkomans and Tartars and ii • tion, because of Russian opposition. Even not drained in dividends to Moscow. The SHOULDERING THE S there any woman or man who does iligned against Russia, if unfortunately Sweden made her attendance at thesubservience of war-ravaged Eastern Eu- not love freedom? Freedom is the for the world such a camp were to come Paris Conference conditional on avoid- rope to Russian foreign policy is easily birthright of every human being; even nto "being. ance of offence to Russia. understood, but were there more spirit jeasts and birds love freedom. All lives What are the prospects of a good left in the Czechs and Hungarians this thrive best when they are free. Free- understanding with Russia? Despite this paradox, it is clear that subservience might not be required. It ia Our leaders have brought us dom and responsibility bring out the A strong point is the Soviets' encour- Russia will invoke to the utmost the in marked contrast to the tirmer fronts best from the individual and "the race. agement of nationality. Ever since theprinciple of absolute national sovereignty. maintained by Asiatic countries. Turkey, RESPONSIBILITIES Therefore, did we, Indians do penance Oriental Conference at Baku in 1921 it Wendell Wilkie made the shrewd com- Persia and Afghanistan, militarily weaker Independence. Now it is our ment on Stalin's statement of policy though they be, have so far kept the all these years to free India from fo- as been a settled policy of the Bolshe- which I have quoted that it and thereins of foreign policy in their own reign yoke. We welcome the day of iks to encourage national movements in Atlantic Charter had a common fallacy; Independence for India. Because free- hands, and Russia has recognised their 1 Asia. In 1942, on the twenty-fifth anni- they both forecast the re-creation of Eu- national right. There is no reason to dom for India means freedom of every versary of the revolution, Stalin stated rope in its old divisions of small nations, doubt>that the Indian Union and Pakis- the great responsibilities. man and woman and child. The emanci- lis ideals and war aims; each with its own political, economic and tan can do the same, and that Russia, if 0 pation of women has always been close- ''Abolition of racial exclusiveness; military sovereignty. He advocated the she is convinced that they are not in a ly bound up with the struggle for poli- equality of nations and integrity of re-creation of the separate nations as hostile camp, will accept that position. kfl turn to prepare ourselves for tical freedom. their territory; liberation of enslaved political units, but not as economic and In the-early history of India the wo- nations" and restoration of sovereign military units. Indeed, the pressure that And beyond this horizon, India has a men walked the earth the equals of rights, the right of every nation to Russia is able to exert on the nations of far higher mission. It is for her to con- men. But the foreign invasion, a thou- arrange its affairs as it wishes." Eastern Europe and that America is able vince the Soviets that this doctrine of sand years ago, drove them into a long Observe the emphasis on sovereignty. to exert on the nations of Western Eu- unbridled sovereignty is the seed of all jxile. They had to face men who nei- And to-day at every international con- rope proves that sovereignty has forced wars, and will no longer serve. The Heavy & light metal UP-TO-DATE her spared life nor honour. And inference the Soviet delegates invoke the limitations and that no nation can stand world is one, and the nations can only rinciple of national sovereignty to veto alone. * find their peace by delegating some of idap'.ing themselves to a changing en- their sovereign powers to a Federal vironment they passed into Purdah and roposals for common action by the Industries are the Does this mean that India must choose World Government deriving its authority .he burning pyre, into seclusion and nations. But there is a contradiction here: from the citizens of the world. he backyard of history. But the fire because Russia's respect for the sove- between Russia and the West? By no backbone of any GIANT smouldered all the same—witness Pad- reignty of other nations is not sufficient means. All the evidence goes to show that Pleasant are the ways of peace. Let us mini of Chittoor. Chand Bibi and the o prevent her from dictating the foreign Russia's admiration for nationality is notpursue her paths in all things. Now is Rani of Jhansi. >olicy of her neighbours, Czechoslovaks entirely lip-service. She has nowhere been the appointed time. Industrial country. < World history moved on. Britain came <«x«i«»'<

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ISM • Th» Constituent Assembly to dr» ft Indians future constitution met for th« 1947 : Lord Moi-.-.tbatten took up the 1947 ; For the first time In the history of Asia a Conference, of Asian delegates 1917 : The Viceroy held consultations with the Provincial Governors and this picture* first tim. on December 9th uder the presidentship of Dr, Rajendraprasad. Vlceroyalty from Lord Wavefl. was held in New Delhi. . is a record of th* occasion.

*47 i Lord Mountbatten met the Leaden on June 2nd and announced the British Government's plans, for the transfer 1347 : On June 3rd the Viceroy, Mr. Nehru and Mr, Jinnah, broadcast to the Nation, 1947 : The question of the States alter the end of Paramountcy became a knotty of power. one. But the problems eased greatly after the Viceroy met the Princes.

•••

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ELECTRIC BELL TRANS- FORMERS ELECTRIC CALLING BELLS ELECTRIC MOON LAMPS NIGHT LIGHTS 1/18 V.I.R. & 1/18 TWIN C.T.S. WIRES VOLT AND AMMETERS HOUSE SERVICE METERS WIRING ACCESSORIES t i 5, ' RAWL PLUGS - i IRON & FLEX. ^ Rwrroiitl.v Frc><- Jmttfl fu-ifar salutes tlw Hag, the CONNECTORS Tr--f.!m; v. mth v,,is and shall ever he an unfaiLng soutve of mspuauYin m th«» Nation'* onward m»reh. MULTIPLE PLUGS Saflfion, White ami Gieei -Courage, Truth and Faith, AND ADOPTERS

V,> ,-...{' pif-^a vi tLf i,Ht Uia1 Is^ig beif-re ihjs day of fsferit'FG, \vp artooi»'(l tnese iluee national colours anil all they mwn as= our symbol and ntir poliry, With ff?«rag«* nave vwe rarnrd nn the ta^k of modern- i^it'g ihe cruuitry flocu-.iviJJy. ?Jisr unfatHnx intimity as ,l c rcnnufni'^u i» of ail on,1 wri\« and cntsles has Apply: KiWii ii> f.nrti n our tk'stuiy s«i fulfilling this sacred trust to the Xation, MOrfl & MODI, 11, Linghi Chetty Street, MADRAS.

163, South Avoni Moolo St., MADURA _J:::^";:' \\ 4/4, Race Course Road; apply fo $0£HANACHALA PICTURtS TfYA'AMpI- M^ COIMBATORE. Arinted and Published by JC GOPALAN, at The National Press, Kasturi Madrai. Managing Editor *v K, SBINIVASAS, B,A»