The Garrison Gazette Winter - 2010 ISSN 1837-8234 Web Link: http://www.historyalive.org.au/ Welcome to the Powder food and accommodation will be Winter - 2010 issue of available at no cost to you or your group. the Gazette. The ANA is putting a bus on from Sydney to the Thanks to the venue and back. contributors for this issue, More information, please contact the Orderly Anne Davey, Ron Ray and Room. Peter Davey All contributions gratefully The Second Annual National Napoleonic accepted. All contributions should be sent in Times th New Roman in a plain unformatted Word document. Conference and Dinner (NNCD) – 7 August If you attend an event or have some Venue: The Hero of Waterloo Hotel, The Rocks, information, or interest, write something and send it to Sydney, NSW the editorial desk (or via the 73rd Orderly Room). Registration and Information: http://73rdregiment.tripod.com/sitebuildercontent/ The Editor sitebuilderfiles/anaconf2010.pdf Dave Sanders Request for NNCD In this issue Presenters and Speakers Request for NNCD Presenters and The organiser of the upcoming 2nd Annual Speakers from Anne Davey National Napoleonic Conference and Dinner, rd (NNCD) Anne Davey, is calling for conference The 73 Regiment of Foot presenters and speakers. If you are interested, or Lachlan Macquarie, Father of Australia know of others who may be interested, please – 200th Anniversary by John Miller with an contact Anne Davey at introduction and notes by Niell Francis [email protected]. rd Please provide Anne with a title, précis, “Captain” Lyttleton of the 73 by C. length of presentation (20-30 minutes) and audio- Craig visual requirements. Presenters will be contacted The Flinders Bar, an Historical closer to the Conference date with the actual time Perspective by Peter Davey for your presentation which will be between 1.00-5.30 pm. Presenters should also need to register for the The Bushranger Michael Howe from Conference. Warren Fahey’s “Australian Folklore Unit” The 73rd Regiment of Foot The first detachment of the 73rd Regiment Upcoming Events arrived in New South Wales on Monday 14 th th August 1809 on board the convict transport Boyd. History Alive 2010 – 12 & 13 June The vessel had sailed from Cork via the Cape of Venue: Fort Lytton Brisbane Qld Good Hope, carrying 132 male convicts and three 1 officers of the 73rd Regiment (Captain H. J. Trincomalee on the 25 June, and landed at Cameron, and Lieutenants John Pike and Thomas Gravesend on 10 November 1821. Initially Wright) and 30 rank and file soldiers. stationed at Weedon, the regiment was soon The full complement of the first battalion relocated to Chichester, where most of the men of the 73rd Regiment arrived four months later on who had returned were soon invalided out of the 28 December 1809 on board H.M. Storeship regiment. Dromedary and her naval escort H.M.S. Hindostan. References On arrival the regiment was augmented by The Sydney Gazette 20 August 1809 [No. 294] p.2a. transfers from the departing 102nd regiment (formerly NSW Corps). In fact more than half this Historical Record of the Seventy-Third Regiment: regiment, 447 men, chose to remain in the Colony. containing an account of the formation of the Regiment from Of these men, 265 transferred into the 73rd the period of its being raised as the Second Battalion of the Regiment (for a bounty of three guineas), while a Forty-Second Highlanders in 1780 and of its subsequent services to 1851. Compiled by Richard Cannon. London: further 111 men joined a specially formed Parker, Furnivall & Parker, 1851. 'Veteran Corps' for 'invalids' (ie. those soldiers with more than 20 years' service). However, all See: the officers of NSW Corps serving at the time of http://www.lib.mq.edu.au/all/journeys/related/73rd.html recall in 1810 were required to return to Britain to answer any possible charges arising out of the 'rebellion' of 1808. Many of these men returned Lachlan Macquarie, Father of Australia later to New South Wales where they settled and - 200th Anniversary continued to exert an influence on the by John Miller development of the Colony long after their with an introduction and notes by Neill Francis regiment's recall. Additional detachments of soldiers serving Lachlan Macquarie became Governor of New in the 73rd Regiment continued to arrive in the South Wales on 1st January 1810. He was Governor period 1810-1813. In most instances they acted as for 11 years. He is often called the "Father of guards on transport vessels bringing convicts to Australia." He was the first to officially name this New South Wales and Van Diemen's Land: the continent Australia Anne on 27 February 1810; the Indian on 16 December 1810; the Providence on 2 July 1811; Governor Macquarie to under Secretary Goulburn. the Admiral Gambier on 29 September 1811; the (dispatch per ship Harriet) Government House, Guildford on 18th January 1812; the Indefatigable Sydney, N.S. Wales. 21st December 1817, Sunday evening. on 19 October 1812; the Archduke Charles on 16 "Lieutenant King expects to be absent from Port February 1813; the Fortune on 11 June 1813; and Jackson between eight and nine months, and I trust in the Earl Spencer on 9 October 1813. that time will be able to make very important additions After its tour of duty in New South Wales to the geographical knowledge already acquired of the and Van Diemen's Land the 1/73rd was posted to coasts of the continent of Australia, which I hope will Ceylon (Sri Lanka) where it served from 1814- be the name given to this country in future, instead of 1821. The men of the 73rd Regiment departed for the very erroneous and misapplied name, hitherto Ceylon on five vessels; Earl Spencer (January given it, of "New Holland," which properly speaking 1814);General Hewitt (April 1814); Windham only applies to a part of this immense continent." (April 1814); General Browne (December 1814); and Kangaroo (April 1815). They were garrisoned He is renowned for his building programme, the establishment of new towns throughout the Colony, in Colombo, Galle, Kandy and Trincomalee, as convict emancipation and religious freedom. During well as serving in the field during the Uva his time in office free settlers started to arrive in Rebellion in 1817-1818. Most deaths in the increasing numbers and NSW changed from a regiment during its tour of duty were from tropical penitentiary to a thriving colony. diseases rather than military combat. To mark this important anniversary, I have The first detachment returning to England downloaded this very interesting address by John embarked as 'marines' on board H.M.S. Alligator Miller, to the Hawkesbury Historical Society, on on 22 May 1821; the remainder of the regiment Australia Day 2002. embarked on board the transport Elizabeth at 2 Researching and extracting parts of His policy for the Aborigines reflected Macquarie's life for this subject was a fascinating practical philanthropy. He established a Native experience. The young Lachlan arrived from Mull Institution for twelve Aboriginal children, six with a basic education and broad Gaelic speaking boys and six girls, under the supervision of accent sometime before 1776 to Edinburgh where William Shelley at Parramatta in 1814. By 1820, his schoolmaster a Mr Miller, prepared him for a 37 aboriginal children were received, 6 busy military life. He served in America, India absconded, 2 died, 1 taken by father, 28 and Egypt. His character was to be moulded by completed their studies. Maria Lock, these experiences for his great challenge in Yarramundi's daughter being a student. In 1823 it N.S.W. was moved to the "Black's Town" (Rooty Hill). We are fairly sophisticated today. We can Blacktown got its name when the railway to the be anywhere in the world by aircraft if we're game west crossed the road to the Blacks Town. He in 24 hours. We have been brought up looking at always valued one aspect of his administration movies showing us the Wild West and the great above the rest and deemed it to be his most frontiers of America. It is hard to imagine that for meritorious accomplishment. In his third dispatch the first 26 years after settlement of the Colony, to Castlereagh, written on 30th of April 1810, he the Hawkesbury River and the Blue Mountains spelt out an issue on which he claimed to differ was the frontier and food basket of this country markedly from his predecessors: until Cox under the direction of Governor Macquarie built the road west in 1814. How “I have, nevertheless, taken upon myself to adopt fortunate we are here tonight, to be dining in the a new line of conduct, conceiving that room, which was once graced by the presence of emancipation, when united with rectitude and one of the true great liberalists, visionaries and long tried good conduct, should lead a man back town planners of our country's early foundation to that rank in society which he had forfeited, and years. do away, in as far as the case will admit, all This was Governor Lachlan Macquarie, retrospect of former bad conduct.” who was born on the island of Ulva, The Hebrides, Scotland on 31st January 1761. He This principle was to be the foundation of arrived here in Sydney Cove on board the what he would call his emancipist policy: that a "Dromedary" at the end of December 1809, aged convict, on the expiry or remission of his 48 years, as Lieutenant Colonel of the 73rd sentence, provided he were well-behaved, ought Highland Regiment, with his second wife to be treated as if he had never transgressed the Elizabeth Campbell.