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FROM IMUS TO INDUSTRY: THE BUSINESS OF STEREOTYPES AND DEGRADING IMAGES HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, TRADE, AND CONSUMER PROTECTION OF THE COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND COMMERCE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED TENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION SEPTEMBER 25, 2007 Serial No. 110–67 ( Printed for the use of the Committee on Energy and Commerce energycommerce.house.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 44–459 PDF WASHINGTON : 2009 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND COMMERCE JOHN D. DINGELL, Michigan, Chairman HENRY A. WAXMAN, California JOE BARTON, Texas EDWARD J. MARKEY, Massachusetts Ranking Member RICK BOUCHER, Virginia RALPH M. HALL, Texas EDOLPHUS TOWNS, New York J. DENNIS HASTERT, Illinois FRANK PALLONE, JR., New Jersey FRED UPTON, Michigan BART GORDON, Tennessee CLIFF STEARNS, Florida BOBBY L. RUSH, Illinois NATHAN DEAL, Georgia ANNA G. ESHOO, California ED WHITFIELD, Kentucky BART STUPAK, Michigan BARBARA CUBIN, Wyoming ELIOT L. ENGEL, New York JOHN SHIMKUS, Illinois ALBERT R. WYNN, Maryland HEATHER WILSON, New Mexico GENE GREEN, Texas JOHN B. SHADEGG, Arizona DIANA DEGETTE, Colorado CHARLES W. ‘‘CHIP’’ PICKERING, Vice Chairman Mississippi LOIS CAPPS, California VITO FOSSELLA, New York MIKE DOYLE, Pennsylvania STEVE BUYER, Indiana JANE HARMAN, California GEORGE RADANOVICH, California TOM ALLEN, Maine JOSEPH R. PITTS, Pennsylvania JAN SCHAKOWSKY, Illinois MARY BONO, California HILDA L. SOLIS, California GREG WALDEN, Oregon CHARLES A. GONZALEZ, Texas LEE TERRY, Nebraska JAY INSLEE, Washington MIKE FERGUSON, New Jersey TAMMY BALDWIN, Wisconsin MIKE ROGERS, Michigan MIKE ROSS, Arkansas SUE WILKINS MYRICK, North Carolina DARLENE HOOLEY, Oregon JOHN SULLIVAN, Oklahoma ANTHONY D. WEINER, New York TIM MURPHY, Pennsylvania JIM MATHESON, Utah MICHAEL C. BURGESS, Texas G.K. BUTTERFIELD, North Carolina MARSHA BLACKBURN, Tennessee CHARLIE MELANCON, Louisiana JOHN BARROW, Georgia BARON P. HILL, Indiana PROFESSIONAL STAFF DENNIS B. FITZGIBBONS, Chief of Staff GREGG A. ROTHSCHILD, Chief Counsel SHARON E. DAVIS, Chief Clerk DAVID L. CAVICKE, Minority Staff Director (II) SUBCOMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, TRADE, AND CONSUMER PROTECTION BOBBY L. RUSH, Illinois, Chairman JAN SCHAKOWSKY, Illinois CLIFF STEARNS, Florida, Vice Chairman Ranking Member G.K. BUTTERFIELD, North Carolina J. DENNIS HASTERT, Illinois JOHN BARROW, Georgia ED WHITFIELD, Kentucky BARON P. HILL, Indiana CHARLES W. ‘‘CHIP’’ PICKERING, EDWARD J. MARKEY, Massachusetts Mississippi RICK BOUCHER, Virginia VITO FOSSELLA, New York EDOLPHUS TOWNS, New York GEORGE RADANOVICH, California DIANA DEGETTE, Colorado JOSEPH R. PITTS, Pennsylvania CHARLES A. GONZALEZ, Texas MARY BONO, California MIKE ROSS, Arkansas LEE TERRY, Nebraska DARLENE HOOLEY, Oregon SUE WILKINS MYRICK, North Carolina ANTHONY D. WEINER, New York MICHAEL C. BURGESS, Texas JIM MATHESON, Utah MARSHA BLACKBURN, Tennessee CHARLIE MELANCON, Louisiana JOE BARTON, Texas (ex officio) JOHN D. DINGELL, Michigan (ex officio) (III) C O N T E N T S Page Hon. Bobby L. Rush, a Representative in Congress from the State of Illinois, opening statement ................................................................................................ 1 Hon. Cliff Stearns, a Representative in Congress from the State of Florida, opening statement ................................................................................................ 2 Hon. Jan Schakowsky, a Representative in Congress from the State of Illi- nois, opening statement ....................................................................................... 4 Hon. G.K. Butterfield, a Representative in Congress from the State of North Carolina, opening statement ............................................................................... 5 Hon. Marsha Blackburn, a Representative in Congress from the State of Tennessee, opening statement ............................................................................ 7 Hon. George Radanovich, a Representative in Congress from the State of California .............................................................................................................. 8 Hon. Anthony D. Weiner, a Representative in Congress from the State of New York, opening statement ............................................................................. 10 Hon. Michael C. Burgess, a Representative in Congress from the State of Texas ..................................................................................................................... 11 Hon. Edolphus Towns, a Representative in Congress from the State of New York, opening statement ...................................................................................... 12 Hon. Joseph R. Pitts, a Representative in Congress from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, opening statement ................................................................... 14 Hon. Edward J. Markey, a Representative in Congress from the Common- wealth of Massachusetts, opening statement .................................................... 15 Hon. Mary Bono, a Representative in Congress from the State of California, opening statement ................................................................................................ 16 WITNESSES Philippe P. Dauman, president and chief executive officer, Viacom Inter- national, Incorporated, New York, NY ............................................................... 17 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 19 Edgar Bronfman, Jr., chairman and chief executive officer, Warner Music Group, New York, NY .......................................................................................... 24 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 25 Doug Morris, chairman and chief executive officer, Universal Music Group, New York, NY ...................................................................................................... 27 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 30 Alfred C. Liggins III, president and chief executive officer, Radio One, Incor- porated, Lanham, MD .......................................................................................... 35 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 37 Strauss Zelnick, chairman of the board, Take Two Interactive Software, New York, NY ............................................................................................................... 38 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 40 Levell Crump, a.k.a., ‘‘David Banner’’ .................................................................... 55 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 58 Percy Miller, a.k.a. ‘‘Master P’’ 1 ............................................................................ 61 Michael Eric Dyson, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 2 ........................ 63 Tracy Sharpley-Whiting, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN ......................... 85 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 88 Andrew Rojecki, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL ............................... 92 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 94 Faye Williams, national chair, National Congress of Black Women, Incor- porated, Washington, DC .................................................................................... 96 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 99 Lisa Fager Bediako, president, Industry Ears, Odenton, MD ............................. 101 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 105 (V) VI Page Karen Dill, Lenoir-Rhyne College, Hickory, NC ................................................... 114 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 117 1 Mr. Miller did not submit a prepared statement for the record. 2 Mr. Dyson did not submit a prepared statement for the record. FROM IMUS TO INDUSTRY: THE BUSINESS OF STEREOTYPES AND DEGRADING IMAGES TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 25, 2007 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, SUBCOMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, TRADE, AND CONSUMER PROTECTION, COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND COMMERCE, Washington, DC. The subcommittee met, pursuant to call, at 10:00 a.m., in room 2123 of the Rayburn House Office Building, Hon. Bobby L. Rush (chairman) presiding. Members present: Representatives Schakowsky, Butterfield, Bar- row, Markey, Towns, Gonzalez, Hooley, Weiner, Stearns, Fossella, Radanovich, Pitts, Bono, Terry, Myrick, Burgess, and Blackburn. Staff present: Consuela Washington, Christian Fjeld, Valerie Baron, William Carty, and Chad Grant. OPENING STATEMENT OF HON. BOBBY L. RUSH, A REP- RESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS FROM THE STATE OF ILLINOIS Mr. RUSH. The committee will come to order. The Chair recog- nizes himself for 5 minutes for an opening statement. I want to begin by thanking our witnesses