E Esegesi Delle Fonti Del Diritto Romano

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E Esegesi Delle Fonti Del Diritto Romano ANTONIO GUARINO Ftofeno.. ordinario ncftUnivnts di Ntpci E ESEGESI DELLE FONTI DEL DIRITTO ROMANO A cura di LUIGI LABRIJNA * NAPOLI CASA EDITRICE DOTT. EUGENIO JOVNE 1968 - 2 É DuJm Di AUWRE RISERVATI t Copyright 1968 by Casa editrice Jovene - Napoli Stampato in Italia Print& in lia1j jtalgrafica - Via S. Maria ai Monti, 221L - Napoli AVVERTENZA L'esegesi delle fonti giuridiche romane non è cosa che possa presumersi di apprendere sui libri. Tanto meno può presumersi di poterla insegnare attraverso qualche centinaio di pagine a stampa. D'accordo su questo. Ma il presente libro, si propone un còmpito molto più modesto, e in parte diverso. Il còmpito di porre sott'occhio ai discenti, in un contesto il più possibile sintetico, quel bagaglio di nozioni essenziali, di esemplificazioni elementari, di passi giuridici più significativi ed esemplari, che possa aiutarli a ripren- dere sul filo della memoria, e ad inquadrare in una loro propria visione, la pratica dell'esegesi svolta nelle esercitazioni universitarie dal loro docente. Tutto qui. E non ho altro da aggiungere, se non che ringrazio vivamente l'allievo ed amico prof. Luigi Labruna, che ha curato in ogni particolare questa edizione con la sua consueta diligenza e intelligenza *• Napoli, I ottobre 1967. a. g. * Lo hanno coadiuvato nella revisione delle note e nella correzione delle bozze di stampa i dottori Brunella Biondo, Giacomo De Cristofaro, Andrea De Leone, Paola Fati., Antonio Ruggiero, Aldo Schiavone. (7 INDICE SOMMARIO cwI NOZIONI INTRODUTTIVE I. Scopo ed utilità dell'opera ....... 1 - - 2. Cenni di storia degli studi romanistici . - 3 3. Lo studio storico-critico del diritto romano 25 4. Problemi della romanistica contemporanea. La pretesa «crisi del diritto romano» ..... 27 5. L'insnamento del diritto romano .... 33 CAPnOLO Il I PERIODI STORICI DEL DIRITTO ROMANO 6. Il diritto romano e i suoi periodi ..... 39 7. 11 periodo arcaico ........ 41 8. Il periodo preclassico ....... 55 9. Il periodo classico ........ 72 10. Il periodo postclassico ....... 84 CAPITOLO III LA GIURISPRUDENZA ROMANA 11. Quadro generale ......... 104 12. La giurisprudenza pontificale. Caratteristiche 106 13. La giurisprudenza repubblicana. Caratteristiche e fasi 109 14. Modi e forme dellattività giurispnidenziaie preclassica 117 IS. Segue. I • responso » giurisprudenziali . - . 119 16, Sane. Oli altri modi dell'Attività giurisprudenziale preclassica ......... 123 fl secondo torno (« Appendici») inizia a p. 631. v'li SOMMARIO 17. La letteratura giutidica preclassica . 125 IS. Figure eminenti di giuristi repubblicani. I primi giuristi ........... 127 29. Segue. I • fondatori • del « ius civile » 133 20. Segue, 1 giuristi dell'ultimo secolo della repubblica 137 21. La giurisprudenza classica. Caratteristiche . 146 22. La funzione storica della giurisprudenza classica 148 23. JI « ius publice respondendi » ...... 13! 24. Le fasi storiche della giurisprudenza classica 157 U. 1 modi dell'attività giurispnidenzlale classica 158 26, Segue. I « responsa ......... 160 27. Segue L'attività consiliare ....... 161 22. Segue, L'attività didattica ....... 163 29. Le forme della letteratura giuridica classica , 169 30, Segue, Le opere di commento ...... 171 31. Segue. Le opere di casistica ...... 173 32. Segue. Le opere monografiche ...... 175 33. Segue Le opere didattiche elementari . 177 34. Le • positiones » dello studiu,n imis » . 178 M. Figure eminenti di giuristi da Augusto ad Adriano 186 36. Segue, I corifei della scuola sabiniana . 184 37. Segue, I corifei della scuola proculeiana . 192 38, Segue, Altri giuristi della fase augustea . *99 39. Segue, Salvi. Giuliano ....... 206 M. Figure eminenti di giuristi da Adriano agli Antonini. Africano e Pomponio ........ 211 41. Segue. Gaio .......... 216 42, Segue. Marcello e S.I. ....... 221 43. Figure eminenti di giuristi nell'età dei Severi. Papi- mano ........... 225 44, Segue, Paolo ......... 231 45. Segue. Ulpiano ......... 234 46, Segue. Marciano, Modestino e le figure minori . , 237 47. La giurisprudenza postclassica. Caratteristiche 244 M. La legge delle citazioni ....... 246 49, L'attività giurisprudenziale postclassica . , 251 W. segue. Modi e fonne di elaborazione dei • tura » 254 51. Segue. Modi e forme di elaborazione delle « leges » 236 52. Le scuole occidentali ........ 257 B. Le scuole orientali ........ 259 54, Elaborazioni della giurisprudenza postclassica (pre e post.giustinianea) direttamente pervenuteci: rinvio . 244 55. Indice dei giuristi romani e delle loro opere . 265 SOMMARIO Ix C*mow IV I MEZZI DI COGNIZIONE DEL DIRITTO ROMANO 56. Le fonti di cognizione del diritto romano - 285 57. Classificazione delle fonti di cognizione 288 58. Le fonti primarie di cognizione ..... 290 59. Segue. Le iscrizioni ........ 290 W. Segue. I papiri ......... 305 61. Segue. I ritrovati archeologici ...... 327 òl. Le edizioni ed il modo di citazione delle fonti giuri- diche romane ......... 329 63, Le fonti derivate di cognizione in senso atecnico: Ci- cerone e Seneca ......... 334 64. Segue. Le opere della storiografia preaugustea 338 65. Segue. Le opere di storiografia della età augustea e postaugustea .......... 345 M. Segue. Gli scritti dei poeti, dei comici, dei gramma- tici, degli eruditi e dei tecnologi ..... 354 67. Segue. Gli scritti dei retori e dei Padri della Chiesa . 361 CAPITOLO V I MEZZI DI COGNIZIONE DEL DIRITTO ARCAICO 68. Quadro generale ......... 367 69. Incertezze della cronologia romana ..... 369 M. Le fonti primarie ........ 371 71. Segue. I«Fasti» ......... 372 72. Segue I ritrovati archeologici ...... 374 73. Le fonti secondarie ........ 376 74. Segue. La pauingenesi delle leg. regiae. - 379 75. Segue. La palingenesi delle « leges XII Tabularum » . 381 CAPITOLO VI I MEZZI DI COGNIZIONE DEL DIRITTO PRECLASSICO 76. Quadro generale .........385 77. Le fonti primarie ........386 78.Segue. Resti epigrafici di leges » .,... 387 79. Segue. Resti epigrafici di « senatusconsulta » 394 80. Le fonti secondarie --------398 SI. Segue. La palingenesi dell'a edictum praetoris. e dello « edictum aedilium curulium » .....399 IC SOMMARW CAP[TOW VII I MEZZI DI COGNIZIONE DEL DIRITTO CLASSICO 82. Quadro generale ......... 405 83. Le fonti primarie. Le « Res gestat divi Augusti 406 M. Segue. Resti epigrafici di « leges » . 411 85. Segue. Resti di • senatusconsulta. - . 416 86. segue. Resti di « constitutiones principum » - 421 87. Segue. Documenti della prassi ..... 431 88. Le fonti secondarie ........ 436 89.- Segue. Le « lnstitutiones » di Gaio . 436 W. Segue. Frammenti minori di opere della giurispru- denza ........... 447 CAPITOLO VIII I MEZZI DI COGNIZIONE DEL DIRITTO POSTCLASSICO 91. Quadro generale ......... 461 92. Le collezioni private di « leges » preteodosiane 463 93. LI • Codex Theodosianus » ...... 466 A. La legislazione post-teodosiana ..... 470 95. Le • leges Romanae Barbarorum » ..... 472 96. I • Tituli » di Ulpiano e le • Sententiae » di Paolo 480 97. Altre compilazioni pregiustinianee di « ura * 486 98. 1 • Fragnienta Vaticana » ....... 490 99. La « Collatio » ......... 492 100. Altre compilazioni pregiustinianee di « iura » e « le- ges» ............ 495 101. La compilazione giustinianea. li primo « Codex » 498 102. Segue. Le « Quinquaginta decisiones. - 501 103. Segue. I « Digesta » 503 104. Segue. Il metodo di compila,ione dei « Digesta 105. Segue. Le « Institutiones » ........ 514 1%. Segue. Il Codex repetitae praelectionis 517 107. Le «Novellae giustinianee e postgiustinianee 519 108. Manoscritti della compilazione giustinianea - 522 109. Le compilazioni giuridiche postgiustinianee . - 524 CPLTOTO IX LO STUDIO DELLE FONTI GIURIDICHE ROMANE 110. Quadro generale .........535 III. La «interpretatio duplex. delle fonti postclassiche 537 112. Mezzi ausiliari per l'interpretazione del « Corpus iuris cjvilis » ...........538 1 SOMMARIO 113.L'interpretazione critica delle fonti s 114.1 vocabolari romanistici 540 115.Indici di letteratura romanistica 544 116.Altri mezzi ausiliari dell'indagine romanistica 546 CAPITOLO X L'INDAGINE CRITICO ESEGETICADELLE FONTI 117.Quadro generale ......... 551 IIS. I presupposti per le analisi critico-escgetiche - 553 119. L'analisi filologica del testo ...... 554 120. L'analisi stilistica del testo ...... 561 121. L'analisi logico-generale del testo ..... 567 122. L'analisi logico-giuridica del testo ..... 568 123. L'analisi storica del testo ....... 570 124. L'analisi sistematica del testo ...... 572 125. L'analisi esegetico-comparativa del testo ....... CAPITOLO XI LA RICOSTRUZIONE CRITICA DEL DIRITTO ROMANO 126, Quadro generale 127.La ricostruzione del diritto classico 579 128.La ricostruzione del diritto preclassico - 592 129.La ricostruzione del diritto arcaico .....599 130.La ricostruzione monografica. Esemplificazione . 608 mramenca I TAVOLE CRONOLOGICHE 1. Tavola cronologica generale ......633 2. Cronologia dei principali giuristi romani . , 649 3. Cronologia degli imperatori romani . 653 APPENrncE lI RAGGUAGLIO Dl BIBLIOGRAFIA I. Repertori bibliografici ........659 2. Opere generali sulla storia della civiltà romana . 661 3. Introduzioni allo studio del diritto romano 667 4. Opere generali sulla storia del diritto romano (del di- ritto pubblico in ispecie) .......668 5. Opere generali sulle fonti del diritto romano . 670 XII 6. Opere generali sulla repressione criminale - 671 7. Opere generali $ul diritto privato romano 671 8. Opere sul processo privato romano . 674 9. Principali riviste romanistiche ...... 676 IO. Altre riviste e raccolte di scritti , . 677 Il. Enciclopedie e lessici
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