A Temperature-Dependent Development Model for Willow
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Topic Paper Chilterns Beechwoods
. O O o . 0 O . 0 . O Shoping growth in Docorum Appendices for Topic Paper for the Chilterns Beechwoods SAC A summary/overview of available evidence BOROUGH Dacorum Local Plan (2020-2038) Emerging Strategy for Growth COUNCIL November 2020 Appendices Natural England reports 5 Chilterns Beechwoods Special Area of Conservation 6 Appendix 1: Citation for Chilterns Beechwoods Special Area of Conservation (SAC) 7 Appendix 2: Chilterns Beechwoods SAC Features Matrix 9 Appendix 3: European Site Conservation Objectives for Chilterns Beechwoods Special Area of Conservation Site Code: UK0012724 11 Appendix 4: Site Improvement Plan for Chilterns Beechwoods SAC, 2015 13 Ashridge Commons and Woods SSSI 27 Appendix 5: Ashridge Commons and Woods SSSI citation 28 Appendix 6: Condition summary from Natural England’s website for Ashridge Commons and Woods SSSI 31 Appendix 7: Condition Assessment from Natural England’s website for Ashridge Commons and Woods SSSI 33 Appendix 8: Operations likely to damage the special interest features at Ashridge Commons and Woods, SSSI, Hertfordshire/Buckinghamshire 38 Appendix 9: Views About Management: A statement of English Nature’s views about the management of Ashridge Commons and Woods Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), 2003 40 Tring Woodlands SSSI 44 Appendix 10: Tring Woodlands SSSI citation 45 Appendix 11: Condition summary from Natural England’s website for Tring Woodlands SSSI 48 Appendix 12: Condition Assessment from Natural England’s website for Tring Woodlands SSSI 51 Appendix 13: Operations likely to damage the special interest features at Tring Woodlands SSSI 53 Appendix 14: Views About Management: A statement of English Nature’s views about the management of Tring Woodlands Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), 2003. -
Overcoming the Challenges of Tamarix Management with Diorhabda Carinulata Through the Identification and Application of Semioche
OVERCOMING THE CHALLENGES OF TAMARIX MANAGEMENT WITH DIORHABDA CARINULATA THROUGH THE IDENTIFICATION AND APPLICATION OF SEMIOCHEMICALS by Alexander Michael Gaffke A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Ecology and Environmental Sciences MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY Bozeman, Montana May 2018 ©COPYRIGHT by Alexander Michael Gaffke 2018 All Rights Reserved ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This project would not have been possible without the unconditional support of my family, Mike, Shelly, and Tony Gaffke. I must thank Dr. Roxie Sporleder for opening my world to the joy of reading. Thanks must also be shared with Dr. Allard Cossé, Dr. Robert Bartelt, Dr. Bruce Zilkowshi, Dr. Richard Petroski, Dr. C. Jack Deloach, Dr. Tom Dudley, and Dr. Dan Bean whose previous work with Tamarix and Diorhabda carinulata set the foundations for this research. I must express my sincerest gratitude to my Advisor Dr. David Weaver, and my committee: Dr. Sharlene Sing, Dr. Bob Peterson and Dr. Dan Bean for their guidance throughout this project. To Megan Hofland and Norma Irish, thanks for keeping me sane. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................1 Tamarix ............................................................................................................................1 Taxonomy ................................................................................................................1 Introduction -
Paropsine Beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in South-Eastern Queensland Hardwood Plantations: Identifying Potential Pest Species
270 Paropsine beetles in Queensland hardwood plantations Paropsine beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in south-eastern Queensland hardwood plantations: identifying potential pest species Helen F. Nahrung1,2,3 1School of Natural Resource Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia; and 2Horticulture and Forestry Science, Queensland Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Gate 3, 80 Meiers Road, Indooroopilly, Queensland 4068, Australia 3Email: [email protected] Revised manuscript received 17 May 2006 Summary The expansion of hardwood plantations throughout peri-coastal Australia, often with eucalypt species planted outside their native Paropsine chrysomelid beetles are significant defoliators of ranges (e.g. E. globulus Labill. in Western Australia; E. nitens Australian eucalypts. In Queensland, the relatively recent (Deane and Maiden) Maiden in Tasmania), resulted in expansion of hardwood plantations has resulted in the emergence unpredicted paropsine species emerging as pests. For example, of new pest species. Here I identify paropsine beetles collected C. agricola (Chapuis) was not considered a risk to commercial from Eucalyptus cloeziana Muell. and E. dunnii Maiden, two of forestry but became a significant pest of E. nitens in Tasmania the major Eucalyptus species grown in plantations in south-eastern (de Little 1989), and the two most abundant paropsine species Queensland, and estimate the relative abundance of each (C. variicollis (Chapuis) and C. nobilitata (Erichson)) in paropsine species. Although I was unable to identify all taxa to E. globulus plantations in WA were not pests of native forest species level, at least 17 paropsine species were collected, about there (compare Selman 1994; Loch 2005), nor were they initially one-third of which have not been previously associated with considered pests of E. -
Paropsisterna Selmani
Plant Pest Factsheet Tasmanian Eucalyptus Beetle Paropsisterna selmani Figure 1. Adult Tasmanian Eucalyptus beetle, pre -hibernation, London © ZooTaxa, Paula French Background In 2007, an exotic leaf beetle was found damaging cultivated Eucalyptus species in County Kerry, Republic of Ireland. The same beetle had been previously found damaging Eucalyptus plantations in Tasmania, Australia, and in 2012 a single adult was photographed in a garden in London. The beetle was tentatively identified as Paropsisterna gloriosa (Blackburn) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) but subsequently described in 2013 as a new species P. selmani Reid & de Little. In June 2015 larvae of P. selmani were found causing severe defoliation to Eucalyptus plants at a public garden in Surrey; and in August 2015 a single adult was found in West Sussex. Geographical Distribution Paropsisterna selmani appears to be native to Tasmania, Australia, and has been introduced to the Republic of Ireland where it occurs widely in the south. Paropsisterna selmani has been found in three localities in South East England and is likely to become established in the UK. Host Plants Paropsisterna selmani feeds exclusively on Eucalyptus species (Myrtaceae), preferentially on glaucous-foliaged eucalypt species of the subgenus Symphyomyrtus, particularly the plantation tree E. nitens. Other hosts include: Eucalyptus brookeriana, E. dalrympleana, E. rubida, E. glaucesens, E. globulus, E. gunnii, E. johnstonii, E. moorei, E. nicholii, E. parvula, E. pauciflora ssp. niphophila, E. perriniana, E. pulverulenta, E. vernicosa and E. viminalis. Description Adult P. selmani are hemispherical (Figs. 1 and 4), oval (Figs. 2-3), and about 9 mm in length with the females being slightly larger than the males. -
2004Jointannualmeetingwi
We sincerely thank our sponsors and exhibitors for their support here in Pensacola Beach and added thanks for all of their ongoing help back home: Sponsors ExhibitorsNendors Dow AgroSciences Aquatic Vegetation Control, Inc. NPS, SE Exotic Plant Mgmt. Team Arbor Tree and Land Syngenta BASF Pro Source One Brewer International BASF Callahan's Kudzu Management LLC DuPont Cerexagri, Inc. Brewer International Cbemical Containers, Inc. Cerexagri, Inc. Dow AgroSciences Callahan's Kudzu Management LLC Habitat Restoration Resources, Inc. UAP Timberland LLC Helena Chemical Co. U. S. Forest Service Monsanto SAMAB (Southern Appalachian Man Natural Resource Planning Svcs., Inc. and Biosphere) NaturCbem, Inc. SAK Specialty Sales LLC SePro Corporation Syngenta UAP Timberland LLC TAME (The Area Wide Mgmt. and Evaluation of Melaleuca) University of Florida IFAS Bookstore Southeast Exotic Pest Plant Council 6th Annual Symposium and Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council 19th Annual Symposium "West of Eden: Where Research, Policy and Practice Meet" April 28-30, 2004 Clarion Suites and Convention Center Pensacola Beach, Florida Agenda Wednesday, April 28th 2004 Moderator: Mike Bodle 0900 - 0910 Welcome Mike Bodle, Brian Bowen 0910 - 0945 Keynote Speaker Phyllis Windle Nine hundred experts and groups call for action! 0945 - 1005 National invasive species issues Randall Stocker 1005 -1020 Break Moderator: Brian Bowen 1020 - 1100 Exotic plant management teams: meeting the National Park Service natural resources challenge Nancy Fraley 1100 - 1120 South Florida and Caribbean parks exotic plant management plan and EIS Sandy Hamilton 1120 - 1140 Industry influence on exotic plant pest policies Barbara Lucas 1140 -1200 IFAS Assessment Alison Fox 1200 - 1300 Lunch (On your own) Moderator: Alison Fox 1300 - 1320 Fla. -
Invasive Species: a Challenge to the Environment, Economy, and Society
Invasive Species: A challenge to the environment, economy, and society 2016 Manitoba Envirothon 2016 MANITOBA ENVIROTHON STUDY GUIDE 2 Acknowledgments The primary author, Manitoba Forestry Association, and Manitoba Envirothon would like to thank all the contributors and editors to the 2016 theme document. Specifically, I would like to thank Robert Gigliotti for all his feedback, editing, and endless support. Thanks to the theme test writing subcommittee, Kyla Maslaniec, Lee Hrenchuk, Amie Peterson, Jennifer Bryson, and Lindsey Andronak, for all their case studies, feedback, editing, and advice. I would like to thank Jacqueline Montieth for her assistance with theme learning objectives and comments on the document. I would like to thank the Ontario Envirothon team (S. Dabrowski, R. Van Zeumeren, J. McFarlane, and J. Shaddock) for the preparation of their document, as it provided a great launch point for the Manitoba and resources on invasive species management. Finally, I would like to thank Barbara Fuller, for all her organization, advice, editing, contributions, and assistance in the preparation of this document. Olwyn Friesen, BSc (hons), MSc PhD Student, University of Otago January 2016 2016 MANITOBA ENVIROTHON STUDY GUIDE 3 Forward to Advisors The 2016 North American Envirothon theme is Invasive Species: A challenge to the environment, economy, and society. Using the key objectives and theme statement provided by the North American Envirothon and the Ontario Envirothon, the Manitoba Envirothon (a core program of Think Trees – Manitoba Forestry Association) developed a set of learning outcomes in the Manitoba context for the theme. This document provides Manitoba Envirothon participants with information on the 2016 theme. -
Biology and Feeding Potential of Galerucella Placida Baly (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), a Weed Biocontrol Agent for Polygonum Hydropiper Linn
Journal of Biological Control, 30(1): 15-18, 2016 Research Article Biology and feeding potential of Galerucella placida Baly (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), a weed biocontrol agent for Polygonum hydropiper Linn. D. DEY*, M. K. GUPTA and N. KARAM1 Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Central Agricultural University, Imphal-795004, India. 1Directorate of Research, Central Agricultural University, Imphal-795004, India. Corresponding author Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT: Galerucella placida Baly is a small leaf beetle belonging to the family Chrysomelidae. which feeds on aquatic weed Polygonum hydropiper Linn. The insect was reported from various regions of India during 1910-1936. Investigation on some biological parameters of G. placida and feeding of the P. hydropiper by G. placida was conducted in laboratory. The results indicated the fecundity of G. placida was 710-1210 eggs per female. Eggs were markedly bright yellow, pyriform basally rounded and oval at tip. It measured 0.67 mm in length and 0.46 mm in width. Average incubation period was 3.80 days. Larvae of G. placida underwent three moults. The first instar larva was yellow in colour and measured 1.26 mm in length and 0.40 mm in width. The second instar was yellowish in colour but after an hour of feeding, the colour of the grub changes to blackish brown from yellow. It measured 2.64 mm in length and 0.77 mm in width. The third instar measured 5.59 mm in length and 1.96 mm in width. The average total larval duration of G. placida was 13.30 days. The fully developed pupa looked black in colour and measured 4.58 mm in length and 2.37 mm in width. -
Eurasian Hemp Borer
Insects that Feed on Hemp – Stem/Stalk Borer, Seed/Flower Chewer Eurasian Hemp Borer Caterpillars of the Eurasian hemp borer (Grapholita delineana) may be found in various parts of hemp plants, developing as a borer. Prior to flowering the insect develops in small stems and branches. After flowering the caterpillars may also feed on the developing seeds. (Note: This insect is also known as the hemp borer, and the Eurasian hemp moth.) The caterpillars (or larvae) are quite small, reaching a maximum size of about 6-8 mm. Younger larvae are cream colored (Fig. 1), with a dark brown head. As they become full-grown and near pupation they become orange or orange-red (Fig. 2). The stage that survives through winter outdoors is a full-grown larva found within the stems/branches or seed heads of hemp. They will transform to the pupal state in late winter/early spring and later emerge as the adult moth (Fig. 3). After mating the females lay eggs on hemp plants. Upon hatch from the egg the caterpillar attempts to tunnel into the plant, often entering at junctions of branches (Figure 4). Points where they do enter are often marked Figure 1 (top). Larva of a Eurasian hemp borer with a bit of loose frass (their sawdust-like within hemp stalk. excrement). The larvae develop within the Figure 2 (bottom). Full-grown larva of Eurasian stem/branch and the sites of injury typically hemp borer, showing the orange or reddish show a slight swelling. coloration typical of the late stage. This insect will also move into seed heads in late summer, feeding on developing seeds or causing wilting of a bud or small flower stalk that it has tunneled. -
Abatement Patterns of Predation Risk in an Insect Herbivore Jörg G
Predator hunting mode and host plant quality shape attack- abatement patterns of predation risk in an insect herbivore Jörg G. Stephan,1,† Matthew Low,1 Johan A. Stenberg,2 and Christer Björkman1 1Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 7044, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden 2Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 102, SE-23053 Alnarp, Sweden Citation: Stephan, J. G., M. Low, J. A. Stenberg, and C. Björkman. 2016. Predator hunting mode and host plant quality shape attack- abatement patterns of predation risk in an insect herbivore. Ecosphere 7(11):e01541. 10.1002/ecs2.1541 Abstract. Group formation reduces individual predation risk when the proportion of prey taken per predator encounter declines faster than the increase in group encounter rate (attack-abatement). Despite attack- abatement being an important component of group formation ecology, several key aspects have not been empirically studied, that is, interactions with the hunting mode of the predator and how these relationships are modified by local habitat quality. In 79 cage trials, we examined individual egg predation risk in different- sized egg clutches from the blue willow beetle Phratora vulgatissima for two predators with different hunting modes (consumption of full group [Orthotylus marginalis] vs. part group [Anthocoris nemorum]). Because these predators also take nutrients from plant sap, we could examine how the quality of alternative food sources (high- vs. low- quality host plant sap) influenced attack-abatement patterns in the presence of different hunting strategies. For the O. marginalis predator, individual egg predation risk was largely independent of group size. -
Are All Flea Beetles the Same?
E-1274 Are All Phyllotreata cruciferae Flea Beetles Crucifer Flea Beetle Versus the Same? Leafy Spurge Flea Beetles Denise L. Olson Assistant Professor, Entomology Dept. Janet J. Knodel Extension Crop Protection Specialist, NCREC, NDSU Aphthona lacertosa “FLEA BEETLE” is a common name describing many species of beetles that use their enlarged hind legs to jump quickly when disturbed. The adults feed on the leaves of their host plants. Heavily fed-on leaves have a shot-hole appearance. The larvae (wormlike immature stage) usually feed on the roots of the same host plants as adults. Common flea beetles that occur in North Dakota include the Flea beetles crucifer flea beetle (Phyllotreata cruciferae) and the leafy spurge have enlarged flea beetles (Aphthona species). The crucifer flea beetle is a hind legs that non-native insect pest that accidentally was introduced into they use to jump North America during the 1920s. Phyllotreata cruciferae now quickly when can be found across southern Canada and the northern Great disturbed. Plains states of the United States. The leafy spurge flea beetles are non-native biological control agents and were introduced for spurge control beginning in the mid-1980s. These biological control agents have been released in the south-central prov- inces of Canada and in the Upper Great Plains and Midwest Crucifer flea beetle is states of the United States. Although P. cruciferae and Aphthona an exotic insect pest. species are both known as flea beetles and do look similar, they differ in their description, life cycle and preference of host plants. Leafy spurge flea beetle species are introduced biological control North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105 agents. -
View of the Study Organisms Galerucella Sagittariae and Larvae on Potentilla Palustris (L.) Scop, One of the Main Its Host Plant Potentilla Palustris
Verschut and Hambäck BMC Ecol (2018) 18:33 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12898-018-0187-7 BMC Ecology RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access A random survival forest illustrates the importance of natural enemies compared to host plant quality on leaf beetle survival rates Thomas A. Verschut* and Peter A. Hambäck Abstract Background: Wetlands are habitats where variation in soil moisture content and associated environmental condi- tions can strongly afect the survival of herbivorous insects by changing host plant quality and natural enemy densi- ties. In this study, we combined natural enemy exclusion experiments with random survival forest analyses to study the importance of local variation in host plant quality and predation by natural enemies on the egg and larval survival of the leaf beetle Galerucella sagittariae along a soil moisture gradient. Results: Our results showed that the exclusion of natural enemies substantially increased the survival probability of G. sagittariae eggs and larvae. Interestingly, the egg survival probability decreased with soil moisture content, while the larval survival probability instead increased with soil moisture content. For both the egg and larval survival, we found that host plant height, the number of eggs or larvae, and vegetation height explained more of the variation than the soil moisture gradient by itself. Moreover, host plant quality related variables, such as leaf nitrogen, carbon and phosphorus content did not infuence the survival of G. sagittariae eggs and larvae. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the soil moisture content is not an overarching factor that determines the interplay between factors related to host plant quality and factors relating to natural enemies on the survival of G. -
Final Report 1
Sand pit for Biodiversity at Cep II quarry Researcher: Klára Řehounková Research group: Petr Bogusch, David Boukal, Milan Boukal, Lukáš Čížek, František Grycz, Petr Hesoun, Kamila Lencová, Anna Lepšová, Jan Máca, Pavel Marhoul, Klára Řehounková, Jiří Řehounek, Lenka Schmidtmayerová, Robert Tropek Březen – září 2012 Abstract We compared the effect of restoration status (technical reclamation, spontaneous succession, disturbed succession) on the communities of vascular plants and assemblages of arthropods in CEP II sand pit (T řebo ňsko region, SW part of the Czech Republic) to evaluate their biodiversity and conservation potential. We also studied the experimental restoration of psammophytic grasslands to compare the impact of two near-natural restoration methods (spontaneous and assisted succession) to establishment of target species. The sand pit comprises stages of 2 to 30 years since site abandonment with moisture gradient from wet to dry habitats. In all studied groups, i.e. vascular pants and arthropods, open spontaneously revegetated sites continuously disturbed by intensive recreation activities hosted the largest proportion of target and endangered species which occurred less in the more closed spontaneously revegetated sites and which were nearly absent in technically reclaimed sites. Out results provide clear evidence that the mosaics of spontaneously established forests habitats and open sand habitats are the most valuable stands from the conservation point of view. It has been documented that no expensive technical reclamations are needed to restore post-mining sites which can serve as secondary habitats for many endangered and declining species. The experimental restoration of rare and endangered plant communities seems to be efficient and promising method for a future large-scale restoration projects in abandoned sand pits.