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WHAT HAPPENED WHEN BIODYNAMIC FARMING MET PERMACULTURE DESIGN? by Jan Martin Bang

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WHAT HAPPENED WHEN BIODYNAMIC FARMING MET PERMACULTURE DESIGN? by Jan Martin Bang ISSN No: 1472-4634 Journal of the Biodynamic Agricultural Association Issue no: 105 Summer 2006 £4.00 BIODYNAMICS & ENVIRONMENT FARM & LANDSCAPE KNOW YOUR SOIL NEW BDAA VISITOR CENTRE WIN A SPECIAL PRIZE IN OUR SURVEY! Journal of the Biodynamic Agricultural Association AIMS & OBJECTIVES STAR & FURROW is the membership magazine of The Biodynamic Agricultural Association (BDAA). OF THE BDAA It is issued free to members. Non members can also purchase Star and Furrow. For two copies per annum the rates are: UK £9.50 including postage The Association exists in order to support, promote and develop Europe (airmail) £10.50 the biodynamic approach to farming, gardening and forestry. This Rest of the World (airmail) £12 unique form of organic husbandry is inspired by the research of Rudolf Steiner (1861-1925) and is founded on a holistic and spiritual BIODYNAMIC AGRICULTURAL ASSOCIATION understanding of nature and the human being. The Painswick Inn Project, The Association tries to keep abreast of developments in Gloucester Street, science, nutrition, education, health and social reform. It is linked to Stroud, the Agricultural Department of the School of Spiritual Science Gloucestershire (Switzerland) and affiliated as a group of the Anthroposophical GL5 1QG Society in Great Britain. It is also a full member of Demeter Tel/Fax: 01453 759501 International, SUSTAIN, IFOAM and the Five Year Freeze. E-mail: [email protected] Membership is open to everyone interested in working with, Website: www.biodynamic.org.uk developing or learning about biodynamics. Current rates are £30 (£12.50 concessions). Members receive a quarterly newsletter, Star Editor: Richard Swann, and Furrow twice a year, regular information on events and access Contact via the BDAA Office or to a member’s library. Many local groups exist for further study and E-mail: [email protected] the exchange of practical experiences. The BDAA stocks more than a hundred books on biodynamic STAR AND FURROW Editorial Group: agriculture and related subjects. These are available from the office Richard Swann, Jane Cobbald, Bernard Jarman, by mail order. Anna Irwin, Jessica Standing, Laurence Dungworth SEED DEVELOPMENT PROJECT The Association is working to develop a sustainable on farm The function of Star and Furrow is to encourage the free exchange of ideas and plant breeding programme, increase the availability of high quality experience among those who work with, or are interested in biodynamic farming, seed varieties suited to organic growing conditions and encourage gardening and related subjects. Contributors subscribe to no dogma and are the establishment of a cooperative network of biodynamic seed bound by no rules. Their contributions are personal documents, not official producers. The breeding and development of appropriate site utterances by the Association. adapted varieties is of vital interest to biodynamic farmers and offers the only long term alternative to biotechnology. It also requires an Final dates for contributions are 1st April for the summer issue and 1st October ongoing research commitment that is entirely dependant on gifts and for the winter issue. Copy should either, be typed / printed in black on A4 paper, donations. on disk in a format accessible to Microsoft Word or sent by e-mail. Please send DEMETER CERTIFICATION articles to the editor at the BDAA Office. The Association owns and administers the Demeter Certification Mark that is used by biodynamic producers in the UK to Front cover picture: Richard Swann guarantee to consumers that internationally recognised biodynamic Design and layout: Bill Hicks production standards are being followed. These standards cover Printed on 115 gsm Era Silk 100% recovered paper waste by SevernPrint, both production and processing and apply in more than forty Gloucester countries. They are equivalent to or higher than basic organic standards. The Demeter scheme is recognised in the UK as Organic Published by the Biodynamic Agricultural Association Certification UK6. © BDAA 2006 Charity No: 269036 APPRENTICE TRAINING Atwo year practical apprentice training course is offered in biodynamic agriculture and horticulture. Apprentices work in exchange for board and lodging on established biodynamic farms and gardens and receive tutorial guidance and instruction from experienced practitioners. Practical training is supported with regular theoretical sessions either on the farm or in coordination with other local centres. Two week-long block courses are offered to all UK apprentices each year. Graduating apprentices receive a certificate from the BDAA. FUNDING The Association is a small organisation wholly dependent on subscriptions, donations and grants. There is a healthy and growing interest in biodynamics and to meet this welcome development additional funds are being sought to supplement the limited resources available. Becoming a member and encouraging others to join is an important way of supporting the work. Donations over and above the recommended membership subscription are also extremely helpful. Even the smallest contribution can make a real difference. For those considering making a will and possibly leaving something to support biodynamic development, a legacy leaflet is now available. Please contact the office for a copy. For information on all aspects of the Association’s work contact: Biodynamic Agricultural Association, Painswick Inn Project, Gloucester Street, Stroud, Glos, GL5 1QG Tel. 0044 (0)1453 759501 Email: [email protected] Website: www.biodynamic.org.uk Issue Number 105 Summer 2006 ISSN 1472-4634 BDAA COUNCIL CONTENTS Chairman: Nick Raeside 4 Biodynamics & the environment Vice Chairman: Laurence Dungworth Treasurer: Ian Bailey 8 Developing landscape & enhancing wildlife Other Council Members: Richard Gantlet, Liz Ellis, Pat Fleming, Chris Stockdale and Peter van Vliet 12 The BERAS project BDAA Executive Director: 13 Biodynamics & the forest enviroment Bernard Jarman 16 Farm auditing for sustainability Email: [email protected] 18 What happened when biodynamic farming met Association Secretary: Jessica Standing permaculture design? Seed Development Fieldsman 20 Review - SEKEM Peter Brinch Email: [email protected] - Ecovillages 21 Hay in the tree tops DEMETER STANDARDS COMMITTEE Chairman: Sue Bradley 24 A new centre for the BDAA Tel: 01509 673897 26 Reviews Demeter Standards Development Officer: - BD spray & compost preparations Timothy Brink Tel: 0131 478 1201 - Extrordinary plant qualities Email: [email protected] - The BD food & cookbook Scheme Co-ordinator and Secretary: Fiona Mackie 30 What does light say about food quality? Tel: 0131 6243921 33 Knowing more about soil Email: [email protected] 39 A new impulse for social change 40 Life forces in the plant organism 42 Beyond organics 43 Demeter market place 44 Advertisments EDITORIAL The environmental crisis is not far from the front pages of the newspapers on most days now and much is being made of it – some constructive and some not. So how can those who are working with biodynamics deal with this pressing issue? In this edition we have started to address this by looking at the biodynamic farm and forest and the contribution they can make to the local cultural landscape. A farm audit has also been included where you can assess the impact your farm or garden has on your local environment. Having a solid knowledge and understanding of your soil is essential to creating a healthy biodynamic land organism and Richard Thornton Smith has written an excellent introduction. With the growth of the Biodynamic Agricultural Association, we are also announcing the BDAA Council’s wish to develop a new centre to give the Association a worthy home. It feels to be very timely to also be devoting some space to the Demeter Market Place. This is not only because the marketing of Demeter products is gathering a new momentum, but also out of environmental reasons. The supermarkets are tightening their grip on peoples’ spending power especially when it comes to food. One way to counter that is to support your local supplier of biodynamic (or organic) food. In the next issue we will continue with the environmental theme as well as dedicate some space to questions relating to food and nutrition. I would like to hear from you if you have any contributions to make on this very topical issue. Have an enjoyable summer. Editor BIODYNAMICS & THE ENVIRONMENT by Laurence Dungworth ell, I have decided to do my bit for the huge barns with his many animals environment – to be a 21st century eco- kept in for much of the year. warrior. So, I am going to plant trees, buy Looking further afield two things Worganic food, run my car on bio-diesel and go attract my attention – one good on holiday in England’s National Parks. And then and one bad. Firstly there are everything is going to be alright, isn’t it. Isn’t it? several fields in which trees are establishing themselves due to less intensive management. Secondly, I can see the Well, unfortunately when it comes to the environment Nympsfield wind turbine sticking prominently up on the things are not that simple. To help us on our way we firstly ridge across the Stroud valley. I have carefully avoided need to come to a definition of the environment. saying which is good and which is bad though. Whose environment? Far in the distance is the motorway with a seemingly When in doubt reach for the Oxford English Dictionary, and endless flow of vehicles, and overhead the jet streams are according to this the environment is: a constant reminder of the passing planes. All of these 1. The surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant people going about their business. What effect can we lives or operates, or, possibly have on this? 2. The natural world, especially as affected by human activity. and an environmentalist is: Our environment A person who is concerned with the protection of the environment. In some of these instances it is obvious where our Further, if you type environment into Google, you get two influence lies and the immediate effect it has.
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