Pamper Your Intellect
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I PAMPER YOUR INTELLECT Eyes Off the Prize The United Nations and the AfricanAmerican Strugglefor Human Rights,1944-1955 Corol Anderson "CarolAnderson has writtenthe most thoroughlyresearched and interpretivelysophisticated monograp]l on Cold War civil rights. EyesO~f~the P~-ize is destined to become a benchmark for the field." -David LeveringLewis, Pulitzer Prize-winning biographer oFW.E.B. DuBois 0-521-82431-1. Hardback. 865.00 0-521-53158-6. Paperback. 822.00 Stories of Peoplehood The Politicsand Morals of PoliticalMemberships Rogers M. Smith How do we acquirea senseof belongingto a politicalcommunity! Rogers Smith emphasizes the importanceof "sroriesof peoplehood,"narratives which include racial. religious, ethnic and culturalelements and presentmembership as intrinsicto an individual'sidentity 0-521-81303-4. Hardback. 860.00 0-521-52003-7. Paperback. 822.00 ITOR1ESOFPEO~LEHOOD ""''^' i~l L1~~Y1"~"'1 I~l\'··;ll··hl· ~r~Y.lmllh Nature's Magic NATURE'S synergyin Evolutionand the Fateof Humankind MA(; C PeterComing """""' """`""" I "If you are under the impressionthat synergyis nor particularlyimportant, just try to tie your shoeswith a singlehand. The bookwill appeal to anyoneinterested in the placeof evolutionary thinkingin generalintellectual culture. It willalso be esteemeda particularlyvaluable con~ribu- tion to the emerging discipline of bioeconomics." -Professor Michael Ghiselin, California Academy of Sciences 0-521-82547-4 Hardback. 828.00 CAM B RID GE P[T[H CURSING Avoilablein bookstoresor from UNIVERSITYPKESS www.cambridge.org New from the Woodrow Wilson Center Press Citieswithout Suburbs ReligionReturns ~~~:kD00Clpdnl · third edition to the Public Square Religion Fnirhn,7n polic), i, A,,,erico Retlrms "The evidence that Rusk has editedby Hugb Herlo end l,~be Public mnrshaledhere Inakesa clearand WilfredM. McClay cogentcase that the survival ofmany Square "Ifyou believe, as I do, that we are at a American cities depends on making new stage il~ our great national debate city and suburb one."--Witold over religious liberty, these essays pro- Rybczynski, Nel.v~,·k Revielv of Books ,,,,:,.,,,.,, vide an immensely useful step forwalrd." 516.9~PuPerbuch -fron7 the foreword by E~. I~ionne Jr. 522.50 poperback ComposingUrban History and the Constitution of Civic Identities Crime and Violence edited by John J. Czaplickaand BlairA. Ruble in Latin America nss,s,ed b~,Lnl,~en Qzll~,~re Cit,re,l Sen,ritl! De,l,oonc)! n,n tile S~nte "A fascinating, important, and diStul.t)il79book. When \ye are awash in a lot of happy talk about diversity and 'contested edited by HugoFriihling and identities' ill cities, it reminds us that such contestations call be Joseph 5. Tulchinwith HeatherGolding matters of the most bitter and violent conflicts aimed at the Violence and crime pose serious threats cultural and sometimes physical extermination of the losing to the relativelyfi-agile democracies of parties."--Robert Fishman, University of Michigan Latin America and the Cal·ibbean. 559.95bardcover 518.95pllperbatk Publishedby The Woodrow Wilson Center Press · Distributedby The Johns Hopkins University Press 1-800-537-5487 · wwwljhupbooks.com · 20% disrol,,·,lto Wilso,l Ce~lte,·Associo~er WQ WQSUMMER 2003 THE WILSON QUARTERLY Published by the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars www.wilsonquarterly.com 12 PORTRAITS OF MARS by Martha Bayles Hollywood war films have sent Americans into combat for a lot of different reasons over the years. The mayhem on screen is now more graphic than ever but less connected to any cause. 20 THE CASE THAT MADE THE COURT by Michael J. Glennon What your civics textbook didn’t tell you about Marbury v. Madison, the famous case decided by the Supreme Court 200 years ago. 29 THE PLEASURES AND POLITICS OF FOOD Daniel Akst • Blake Hurst • Lis Harris • David Appell The first question to ask about food is straightforward: How does it taste? Additional questions introduce complication: Where does it come from? How did it get here? What gives it that color, or makes it so big, or keeps it so fresh? The questions seem innocuous, yet each carries political, economic, or environmental baggage. An ear of corn can cause a peck of trouble. 66 DO IDEAS MATTER IN AMERICA? by Wilfred M. McClay The charge of anti-intellectualism that’s sometimes leveled against America is unjust. Ideas, including the idea of America itself, have shaped the history of the nation from the start. departments 2 EDITOR’S COMMENT 111 CURRENT BOOKS Andrew Meier 3 CORRESPONDENCE on the Gulag 9 FINDINGS Reviews by Kenneth L. Woodward, Competence and Complexity Winifred Gallagher, Louis B. Jones, Tanglewood Tantrum Mark Silk, Lorraine Adams, Sheri Psychedelic “Summertime” Fink, and others 85 THE PERIODICAL OBSERVER 128 PORTRAIT: George Orwell When Worldviews Collide Double Helix Double Cross? cover: Detail from Luncheon Still Life (c. 1860), by John F. Francis, Smithsonian American Art Museum. Design by David Herbick. The views expressed herein are not necessarily those of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. USPS 346-670 | Volume XXVII, Number 3 | Printed in the U.S.A. Editor’s Comment ome years ago, I invented a fanciful social indicator I called the Häagen-Dazs Index. The idea was simple: To gauge the socioeco- Snomic status of a neighborhood, simply count up the number of shops per square mile run by Häagen-Dazs, which was then the country’s first trendy purveyor of luxury ice cream. The higher the number, the more afflu- ent the area. What particularly pleased me about the Häagen-Dazs Index was that it also measured an American cultural contradiction or, you could even say, American hypocrisy: Affluent Americans exalt the trim physique and wor- ship at the church of Häagen-Dazs. If Sigmund Freud were alive today, he might find food a juicier topic than sex. Food is not just an obsession and fetish of individuals, it’s an engine of collective action. Driving across France last year, I was dumbfounded to see endless fields of corn and wheat and other crops carpeting the land, doubtless yielding far more food than the French could profitably use. All of this in cos- mopolitan France? We must be in Kansas, I thought. So it was hardly a surprise earlier this year when the French government so adamantly resisted cuts in the huge subsidies needed to sustain the country’s farms that the entire Doha round of international trade talks seemed to be in jeopardy. A key aim of those negotiations is the reduction of farm subsidies in the industrialized world, which economists see as a barrier to free trade and a burden on farmers in developing countries. Low domestic politics and loftier raisons d’état help explain the French position, but it can’t be completely understood without consideration of the mystical connection between farm and kitchen in France—a connection that becomes palpable every time a visitor sits down to eat. In the view of the French, their farms are essential to their kitchens and to their culture. Americans, of course, have their own mystical attachments and costly commitments to the farm. These and other culinary matters are the ingredients for this issue’s four- course cover story. Bon appétit! Editor: Steven Lagerfeld The Wilson Quarterly (ISSN-0363-3276) is published in Managing Editor: James H. Carman January (Winter), April (Spring), July (Summer), and October Senior Editors: Robert K. Landers, (Autumn) by the Woodrow Wilson International Center for James M. Morris Scholars at One Woodrow Wilson Plaza, 1300 Pennsylvania Literary Editor: Stephen Bates Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20004–3027. Complete Editors at Large: Ann Hulbert, Jay Tolson article index available online at www.wilsonquarterly.com. Copy Editor: Vincent Ercolano Subscriptions: one year, $24; two years, $43. Air mail outside Contributing Editors: Martha Bayles, U.S.: one year, $39; two years, $73. Single copies mailed Linda Colley, Denis Donoghue, Max Holland, upon request: $7; outside U.S. and possessions, $8; selected Stephen Miller, Jeffery Paine, Walter Reich, back issues: $7, including postage and handling; outside Alan Ryan, Edward Tenner, Charles U.S., $8. Periodical postage paid at Washington, D.C., and additional mailing offices. All unsolicited manuscripts Townshend, Alan Wolfe, Bertram Wyatt-Brown should be accompanied by a self-addressed stamped enve- Researchers: Christopher M. 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Advertising: Suzanne Napper, Founding Editor: Peter Braestrup (1929–1997) Tel.: (202) 691-4021, Fax: (202) 691-4036. Publisher/Mail Business Director: Suzanne Napper Order: Kalish, Quigley & Rosen, Tel.: (212) 399-9500, Circulation: Cary Zel, ProCirc, Miami, Fla. Fax: (212) 265-0986. 2 Wilson Quarterly CorrespondenceCorrespondence Letters may be mailed to The Wilson Quarterly, 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20004–3027, or sent via facsimile, to (202) 691-4036, or e-mail, to [email protected]. The writer’s telephone number and postal address should be included. For reasons of space, letters are usually edited for publication. Some letters are received in response to the editors’ requests for comment. IPCC and its conclusions, other panels of emi- What’s Causing the Warming? nent scientific and technical experts have been I agree with Jack M.