E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 107th CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION

Vol. 147 WASHINGTON, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 12, 2001 No. 118 Senate The Senate met at 10:01 a.m. and was I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the will be a vote on the resolution some- called to order by the President pro United States of America and to the Repub- time this afternoon. It is my hope and tempore [Mr. BYRD]. lic for which it stands, one nation under God, expectation that there will also be a The PRESIDENT pro tempore. By indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. prayer service tonight. The time will unanimous consent, the Senate will f be announced at a later time today now convene notwithstanding the pro- RECOGNITION OF THE MAJORITY subject to further discussions with the visions of Senate Resolution No. 6 LEADER Speaker and, of course, the Republican adopted January 3 in this year of our The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The leader. Lord, 2001. majority leader is recognized. I would also ask, Mr. President, to accommodate schedules of certain Sen- PRAYER f ators, that after the resolution is pro- The Chaplain, Dr. Lloyd John ORDER OF PROCEDURE posed and the four leaders have been Ogilvie, offered the following prayer: Mr. DASCHLE. I ask unanimous con- recognized for their statements, the Almighty God, source of strength and sent that the Journal of proceedings be Senators from New York and the Sen- hope in the darkest hours of our Na- approved to date; that the morning ators from Virginia be given first rec- tion’s history, we praise You for the hour be deemed expired; that the time ognition, and following the statements consistency and constancy of Your for the two leaders be reserved for their made by those Senators, that Senators presence with us to help us confront use later in the day; further, that the be recognized on an alternatinh basis and battle the forces of evil manifested Senate recess from 12:30 to 2 p.m. for throughout the day. in infamous, illusive, cowardly acts of the weekly party conferences. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is terrorism. We turn to You with hearts The PRESIDENT pro tempore. With- there objection? Hearing no objection, filled with dismay, anger, and grief out objection, the requests are granted. it is so ordered. over the terrorist attacks on the World THANKING THE CHAPLAIN f Trade buildings in New York City and Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. President, I the Pentagon here in Washington. We thank the Chaplain for his prayer. I RECOGNITION OF THE MINORITY pray for the thousands of victims who know he speaks for us all. LEADER lost their lives as a result of these vio- lent acts against our Nation. We inter- THANKING THE REPUBLICAN LEADER The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The cede for their loved ones; comfort them Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. President, I also Republican leader is recognized. and give them courage. In particular, thank the distinguished Republican Mr. LOTT. Mr. President, I just want we pray for the loved ones of the fire leader for the cooperation and leader- to say also—and I will have more to fighters and police who died seeking to ship that he showed yesterday as we say about the resolution in a moment— help others. Quiet our turbulent made decisions throughout the day how much I appreciate the work yes- hearts. Remind us of how You have with regard to the schedule. terday that was totally nonpartisan, been with us in trouble and tragedies of SCHEDULE totally cooperative from the leadership the past and have given us victory over Mr. DASCHLE. For the interest of all on the Democratic side of the aisle and tyranny. Bless the women and men of Senators, there will be a debate on the on this side of the aisle and with the this Senate today as they join with resolution which I am about to propose House of Representatives. That was the President Bush in decisive action. on behalf of both leaders. I might say right thing to do. It was done. Senator Guide them as they seek justice this is also a resolution verbatim that DASCHLE was there. He made decisions against the perpetrators of yesterday’s will be offered in the House of Rep- that were appropriate after consulta- evil destruction and seek to devise a resentatives; the same resolution will tion—and some of them were tough— long-range solution to the insidious be offered simultaneously in both the that even sometimes had to be modi- problem of terrorism. Thank You in ad- House and the Senate this morning. We fied later because events kept chang- vance for the courageous leadership will break for party conferences at ing. I express my appreciation to him You will provide through this Senate. 12:30. We will not break, but there will for that. You are our Lord and Saviour. Amen. be a classified briefing at 2 o’clock this Also, this resolution today is bipar- f afternoon for all Senators. We will con- tisan and bicameral; the same resolu- tinue to have an opportunity for Sen- tion will be considered in the House of PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE ators to be heard on the resolution Representatives. It is a good resolu- The Honorable ROBERT C. BYRD led throughout the day. And at a time tion. I believe it is strong. It is impor- the Pledge of Allegiance, as follows: upon which we will agree later, there tant that the American people and the

∑ This ‘‘bullet’’ symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor.

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VerDate 31-AUG-2001 00:45 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A12SE6.000 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9284 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 world know that is the way we are pro- The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is that this kind of heinous, vicious ac- ceeding. I thank Senator DASCHLE for there objection to the immediate con- tion will not happen again in America. his cooperation. sideration of the resolution? Hearing This premediated action against inno- no objection, the resolution is before cent men and women and children and f the Senate. their families, at the symbols of our TERRORIST ATTACKS AGAINST The majority leader is recognized. country—our economic strength, our THE UNITED STATES Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. President, it is military strength, and most impor- Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. President, I send with pain, sorrow, anger, and resolve tantly, our freedoms—is unimaginable. There’s no way to understand it, to a resolution to the desk. that I stand before this Senate, a sym- explain it, to defend it. Americans just The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The bol for 212 years of the strength of our don’t think that way. That makes it clerk will state the resolution. democracy, and say that America will hard for us to comprehend this very The assistant legislative clerk read emerge from this tragedy, as we have difficult moment and to do what’s nec- as follows. emerged from all adversity, united and strong. essary to deal with terrorism and stop A joint resolution (SJ. Res. 22) expressing The America in which we awoke it in the future. the sense of the Senate and the House of today is far different from the one in Our prayers are going out to the vic- Representatives regarding the terrorist at- tims and their families, to those who tacks launched against the United States on which we awoke yesterday. This morn- September 11, 2001: ing, as our rescue workers and medical are suffering in so many ways in New Whereas on September 11, 2001, terrorists personnel continue their heroic work, York, in Virginia, and in Pennsyl- hijacked and destroyed four civilian aircraft, we begin to truly understand the enor- vania—in all of America. We have such crashing two of them into the towers of the mity of what happened. a debt of appreciation to pay to those World Trade Center in New York City, and a My heart aches for the people of New who have struggled mightily with third into the Pentagon outside Washington, York, our men and women serving at these catastrophic events at the Pen- D.C.; tagon and at the World Trade Center Whereas thousands of innocent Americans the Pentagon, the passengers and crew of the four hijacked aircraft, and for and in our cities and states—the volun- were killed and injured as a result of these teers, those who gave their lives trying attacks, including the passengers and crew their families and friends. These at- of the four aircraft, workers in the World tacks were an assault on our people to deal with this terrible moment. To Trade Center and in the Pentagon, rescue and on our freedom. They aimed at the our allies and to those around the workers, and bystanders; heart of the American community and world who see this not just as a strike Whereas these attacks destroyed both tow- the symbols and structures of our eco- at America, but at freedom and democ- ers of the World Trade Center, as well as ad- nomic and military strength. racy all over the world, and to those jacent buildings, and seriously damaged the As an American, as an elected rep- who already have extended hands of co- Pentagon; and operation, understanding, and support, Whereas these attacks were by far the resentative, I am outraged. As a hus- band and a father, I am pained beyond we appreciate it on behalf of the Amer- deadliest terrorist attacks ever launched ican people. against the United States, and, by targeting words. Last night we sent the message Now, Mr. President, it’s so important symbols of American strength and success, to the world that, even in the face of clearly were intended to intimidate our Na- such cowardly and heinous acts, the that we show that even these terrible tion and weaken its resolve: Now, therefore, doors of democracy will not close. This acts cannot stop America from going forward. We must get on with impor- be it joint resolution we laid down today Resolved by the Senate and House of Rep- tant work. But it is important also to condemns yesterday’s attacks, ex- resentatives of the United States of America in make it clear that this is not business presses our sympathy for the victims, Congress assembled, That Congress— as usual. We’re going ahead with our and our support for the President as (1) condemns in the strongest possible responsibilities. But we are going to our Commander in Chief. terms the terrorists who planned and carried act now, tomorrow, and in the weeks out the September 11, 2001, attacks against The world should know that the and months ahead to deal with those the United States, as well as their sponsors; Members of both parties in both Houses people who have taken these actions (2) extends its deepest condolences to the stand united. The full resources of our and with those who have supported victims of these heinous and cowardly at- Government will be brought to bear in them. tacks, as well as to their families, friends, aiding the search and rescue and in and loved ones; We will take whatever action is nec- (3) is certain that the people of the United hunting down those responsible and essary in the Congress, working with States will stand united as our Nation begins those who may have aided or harbored the administration, working with the the process of recovering and rebuilding in them. American team to stop this kind of ter- the aftermath of these tragic acts; Nothing—nothing—can replace the rorism. Whatever we call it, we must (4) commends the heroic actions of the res- losses that have been suffered. I know put ourselves in a war footing. We cue workers, volunteers, and State and local there is only the smallest measure of officials who responded to these tragic must make up our minds we’re going to inspiration that can be taken from this fight this scourge of the world. We will. events with courage, determination, and devastation. But there is a passage in skill; We have come together. (5) declares that these premeditated at- the Bible from Isaiah that I think There are moments in history when tacks struck not only at the people of Amer- speaks to all of us at times such as in the past the people of this country ica, but also at the symbols and structures of this: have set aside conflicts and prejudices our economic and military strength, and The bricks have fallen down, but we will and passions and have come together. that the United States is entitled to respond rebuild with dressed stone; the fig trees have We’ll do it now. We’ve already done it. under international law; been felled, but we will replace them with ce- But we must continue to do so, regard- (6) thanks those foreign leaders and indi- dars. less of region, religion, party, philos- viduals who have expressed solidarity with That is what we will do. We will re- ophy, or anything else. the United States in the aftermath of the at- build and we will recover. The people of tacks, and asks them to continue to stand There’s much to do. We’ve got to find with the United States in the war against America will stand strong together be- out how this happened. Congress has a international terrorism; cause the people of America have al- right and a responsibility to learn what (7) commits to support increased resources ways stood together. And those of us has happened here. We must find out in the war to eradicate terrorism; privileged to serve this great Nation who did it. And we must be prepared to (8) supports the determination of the Presi- will stand with you. take actions and fight terrorist attacks dent, in close consultation with Congress, to God bless the people of America. in the future. bring to justice and punish the perpetrators I yield the floor. This is not a time for timidity. This of these attacks as well as their sponsors; Mr. LOTT. Mr. President, any expres- is not a time for pontification. Yes, we and sion of sympathy for the suffering (9) declares that September 12, 2001, shall need to be sure of our actions. We need be a National Day of Unity and Mourning, today is too weak. Every expression of to be committed and determined. We and that when Congress adjourns today, it horror at this outrage is too mild. But need to be bold. stands adjourned out of respect to the vic- we must confront these acts and find a Here in the Congress I hope we will tims of the terrorist attacks. way to come together and make sure think about how we most effectively

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:24 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.002 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9285 can fulfill our responsibilities to do ev- has ever known. All of America will General Holland, the U.S. Air Force erything we can to fight terrorism, to stand together to make sure that we Commander in Chief of the Special Op- provide the funds necessary in this rebuild and that we fight back, and erations Command at MacDill Air fight and to provide the aid so nec- that Americans continue to enjoy the Force Base in Florida, directs our essary for those who have been dam- freedoms and liberty that are the hall- counterterrorism efforts on behalf of aged and have lost so much. mark of this great country of ours. the U.S. military. He has no civilian Just in a few hours we will take up Perhaps of even greater importance, counterpart. We need to establish one. the Commerce-State-Justice appropria- we must guarantee that no such act of The successful fight against ter- tions bill. In that bill is funding for terrorism ever revisits our Nation’s rorism is one that will require the counterterrorism. Is it enough? Can we shores. Future generations of Ameri- highest level of diplomatic skill in do more? What should we do? I call on cans must never again feel the pro- gathering intelligence, as well as the the Senate, as I know it will, to rise to found pain and grief that we feel today most effective use for economic and this occasion, to be bold. Let’s act to- from Nevada to New York and back. military strength. However, when di- gether. The American people expect no As we mourn the loss of our fellow plomacy fails, as regrettably it does on less. Americans, we must focus on the task occasion, we must be prepared to em- I yield the floor, Mr. President. ahead. Yesterday’s barbaric attacks ploy alternatives. Terrorists, espe- The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The against the United States were not just cially those who have the capability to Senator from Nevada, Mr. REID. acts of terror; they were acts of war plan and execute the kinds of attacks Mr. REID. Mr. President, Senator perpetrated by the uncivilized. we witnessed graphically yesterday, re- DASCHLE, the majority leader, has And in the war against those who quire a significant level of financing asked that I announce that Senator would use terror to attack innocent ci- and protection. We should be prepared BIDEN, the chairman of the Foreign Re- vilians, our democratic values and our to use alternatives such as economic lations Committee, will manage the freedom, the United States—as the sanctions to deter and prevent nations, leader of the free world and its only re- discussion on this resolution today. organizations, and individuals from maining superpower—should be pre- I join my colleagues in saying that aiding and abetting those who engage pared to use every diplomatic, eco- my thoughts and prayers are with in terrorism. those individuals and families who nomic, and military means at our dis- When diplomacy and economic sanc- posal to defend ourselves and to defeat were victimized by the cowardly ter- tions fail, as they do on occasion, our these forces of evil. rorist acts perpetrated against the resolve to fight terrorism must not United States yesterday. Of course, we should deploy our best diplomatic efforts to engage our waiver. We must use military force in We in Congress stand united in our the war against terrorism—and not resolve to ensure that President Bush friends and allies around the world in this war against international ter- just in response to terrorism but also has every necessary resource as he to prevent future attacks. leads our great Nation forward in the rorism. Of course we should do that. I personally appreciate, as I think Our friends, but more importantly coming days and weeks and months. our Nation should, and does, the sup- our enemies, will judge us either by our I am very confident that every Mem- port immediately expressed yesterday strength and resolve to fight inter- ber of the Senate views this as an by President Putin and the Russian national terrorism or by any perceived American issue. No party affiliation, people. weakness and complacency. no partisanship, no attempt to gain po- As our allies around the world look I assure the American people as well litical advantage—nothing—will erode to us for leadership and protection, we as our friends and allies throughout our solidarity or undermine our united must call upon all nations to provide the world, we as a nation are ready for resolve as we respond to protect our their friendship and support in this this challenge. I make it clear to en- country and our people. critical time of need. However, while emies, to anyone who would consider I personally express my appreciation diplomacy will play a central role in bringing harm upon Americans, our to our Capitol Police men and women this war against terrorism, we must de- democratic values, and our freedom, who yesterday acted so brilliantly, so ploy the full economic and military that we are strong, we are resolved, heroically, in being called to arms, lit- might of the United States against and we will prevail. erally, at a moment’s notice. I am very those who threaten our citizens, our The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The proud of the Capitol Police. We all national security interests, our democ- majority leader. should be. Every day they put their racy, and our freedom. Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. President, I am lives on the line for us. As I supported President George Her- advised that the assistant Republican My heart goes out to the police offi- bert Walker Bush 10 years ago in his leader would prefer to speak later in cers and firemen in New York who lost decision to use the overwhelming mili- the day. I ask unanimous consent all their lives attempting to help other tary force of the United States in the remarks be limited to no longer than 10 people. Persian Gulf war, I stand with Presi- minutes in order to accommodate as I hope we will all join with Senators dent George W. Bush in his commit- many Senators as possible. I earlier DURBIN and BENNETT to make sure that ment to use every means at our dis- asked if we could alternate between the every penny necessary to build the posal to exterminate the perpetrators two caucuses. I also request of the Re- Visitors Center is provided this year. of yesterday’s acts of terror and war. publican leader that we alternate now We need more than a plaque on a wall Those who kill innocent Americans among the four Senators from the two for Officer Chestnut and Detective Gib- must be held accountable. And make States that are most affected by the son. In their honor, we need to build a no mistake about it, they will be. horrendous tragedy yesterday, begin- Visitors Center, because Officer Chest- Moreover, I stand firmly with the ning, of course, with Senator SCHUMER nut and Detective Gibson gave their President on this crucial point: Those and Senator WARNER. lives protecting us, our staffs, and the who aid and harbor perpetrators of ter- The PRESIDENT pro tempore. With- millions of people who visit the Capitol ror must also be held accountable. out objection, it is so ordered. complex every year. Building the Cap- Make no mistake about that, they will Mr. LOTT. Mr. President, I seek the itol Visitors Center is critical to ensur- be. recognition of the Chair to note that if ing the safety of all those who come to While I can assure the American peo- I have to leave the floor, Senator the U.S. Capitol. ple that we will hunt down those bar- GREGG will manage the time on our We will do everything in our power to barians who committed yesterday’s side. support President Bush in his efforts to acts of terrorism, we must also act to The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Under ensure that those who have done such prevent these types of attacks from oc- the order, the senior Senator from New evil and perpetrated these despicable curring in the future. International York, Mr. SCHUMER, is recognized. acts do not go unpunished. terrorism is perhaps the greatest mod- Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, I very But let me be clear about what we ern threat to our national security in- much appreciate, first, the hundreds of know. America is the greatest democ- terests. We must be prepared to act ac- expressions of the Members of this racy and force for freedom the world cordingly. body and the heartfelt expressions of

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 23:48 Sep 12, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A12SE6.002 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9286 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 grief to New Yorkers during our time now. We are with them from one end of have always been backward forces. But of grief and our sadness. We need to this country to the other. technology has given this group the move forward. Our city is a beautiful city. We have power to affect our lives in ways we When something this cataclysmic oc- been bringing in people from all over never before imagined. curs, one’s mind works at many, many the world for 300 years. In one genera- Yes, this was a 21st century Pearl different levels. It is very difficult to tion we change them into Americans, Harbor but a little different because come to grips with such an intense and and they sally forth around the coun- they aimed at civilians, as they know terrible tragedy, but we must; we have try, adding vim and vigor and new our military is too strong. They are ul- to. We seek as guidance the genera- ideas. That function of New York will timately cowards and bullies. It is not tions before us who had their tragedies, never die. We are an international city a nation that does this, but it affects they who rose to the occasion. We and we love being an international us. I say three things in that regard. must, as well. city. We New Yorkers feel the loss of First, we are a resilient nation. We There are many different levels of life as a whole, as a city. don’t take anything on our knees. We this tragedy. I will discuss four: the in- Out my window in Brooklyn, the will not take this. I assure the enemies dividual level, the level as a New York- dominant scene, after the Statue of of America, the enemies of freedom, er, the level as an American, and the Liberty looking over the harbor, are the enemies of progress, of that. level of the world. the two towers. Not seeing them any- Second, we must keep our freedoms As an individual, our first thought more, I feel violated. I feel that some as we do this. To constrict ourselves goes to all who grieve. Last night in horrible person has come in and taken would give them the victory. And we my city and State, there were thou- something away from all of us as a must keep them. sands of dinner tables with a missing city. But we will survive and we will Third, I say this to all Americans: let person. There were thousands of fami- prevail. We are New Yorkers. The dili- us not respond in a way that is un- lies waiting for that phone call, dialing gent firefighters and police officers, seemly of America. There are millions their phones endlessly to try to find a many of whom have now passed, run of Muslims and Arab Americans in America. They have different views loved one. I know a little bit of the ‘‘to’’ tragedy, not away from it; their than I do on the Middle East, staunch- angst they went through. I was in the job is to save. gym when this occurred, getting ready It was told to me by many people ly different views. But they were not to address the Supreme Court. I saw that the lines to give blood went for this. Let us go after those who ad- the picture of the first damage to the around block after block. People were vocate terrorism and destruction but World Trade Center. At first, I said waiting at 9 o’clock, at midnight, at 3 not after a whole people or nationality or religion. We have to avoid that. what most said: This must have been in the morning, standing in line be- That is the American thing to do. an accident, a little propeller plane cause they knew blood was needed. Finally, thinking as a world citizen, that accidentally ran into the World This morning I am happy to tell my we are in a new world, interconnected Trade Center. colleagues that the crisis, at least in but often nasty. Technology that has But the fire looked too large. Then terms of blood donation, is over. We do given us so much in the last 20 years we saw the second plane crash. Imme- have enough blood. has given this small group, these small diately, it hit me: My daughter attends I was told of the story of the mer- groups, the ability to cause huge, huge high school within the shadow of the chant whose store was on the path damage. As with Pearl Harbor, we are World Trade Center. Most of the pic- from the World Trade Center North. He affected directly. Unlike Pearl Harbor, tures of the conflagration show her owned a shoe store. He stood outside there is no name or ZIP Code or ad- high school in the background. I and gave the fleeing women sneakers, dress. reached my wife and for 2 hours we just handing out sneakers, tennis But the one common thread is this: If were in virtual panic, trying to locate shoes. He knew they couldn’t run in we stay as resolute as we did after her to see how she was. Then, praise their high heels. That is a New Yorker; Pearl Harbor, we will win this war. We God, she called and we were relieved. and there are millions of us. can and we will, if we keep our reso- Those 2 hours of pure misery are now We are going to need your help. It luteness. As somebody involved in being experienced tenfold, a has already been offered. I was grati- antiterrorism, I have seen us go hundredfold, a thousandfold by all of fied when the President called me yes- through paroxysms after each inci- the families in New York and in Wash- terday afternoon and said this Nation dent—3 months, 6 months of attention ington and in Boston and in California will do anything it takes to help New and then business as usual. We cannot who have lost loved ones to this das- York recover. I was gratified when just go back to business as usual. We will tardly and disgusting act. about every Member came over to me not win this war against those who So we first think as individuals how and to HILLARY and offered us the help seek to destroy our very way of life in this has affected the lives of all of us. that we will need. We need help imme- a day or in a month or even a year. It Everyone in New York right now diately. is going to take several. If we are reso- knows somebody who is missing. I The FEMA Director, I believe, will be lute, we will succeed. know someone on the 104th floor who flying with us to New York early this They have their weaknesses and their worked for the good firm of Cantor afternoon to try to give help in terms pressure points. I was glad the Presi- Fitzgerald. We can’t find hardly any- of survival, in terms of the immediate dent said we will not only go after the body from that firm. He called his par- rescue. We will need lots of help after terrorists but those who harbor terror- ents, told them he loved them, and that. We have suffered a huge, huge ists. This could not have been done they haven’t heard from him since. loss. Our financial industries have to without some help from countries. On television yesterday was the recover, the lifeblood of the Nation and There are countries that aid terrorists. search of a mother and two daughters the world. I appreciate the offers. We We know who they are. They are on the for their father and husband who will be counting on everyone here and terrorist list. They should not remain worked in the World Trade Center res- in the other body and the White House. immune from what happened. In fact, taurant. I have two daughters about As an American, make no mistake they are the weak pressure point of the the same age. We saw those little girls. about it, we did wake up in a new world groups that seek to hurt us and destroy There was almost nothing you could in America. It is a new era. Since us. say. I have subsequently been told they World War II, we had the cold war. We Some of these awful people who did found their father. Let us hope and had a brief respite, for 5, 7, 10 years. this yesterday knew how to fly 757s. pray that the others find their fathers, But we are now in a new era. There are There was no 757 in the mountains of mothers, brothers, sisters, friends. Let forces against us, and they are in many Afghanistan. How did they get access us hope and pray that this tragedy, corners of the world. They hate us for to learn to do this? These are the kinds which is already the largest tragedy we our freedom. They are against the very of questions we have to ask in the next have experienced since World War II, is progress that we have made. They want weeks and months ahead, if we do find, as minimal as possible. But our hearts to turn the clock all the way back to as all fingers seem to point, that is go out to all of those who are suffering the Middle Ages. In the past, there from where it came.

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 23:48 Sep 12, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.008 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9287 We have to do one other thing. We ago, when I was privileged to be chair- zens today who are suffering these have to have our European allies know man, instituted a special sub- losses, the dead, the injured, and their that this finger is not just pointed at committee solely dealing with those families. But America remains un- us but at them. This idea that for tem- threats that are emerging against the bowed. porary economic advantage they can United States of America. We have America is stronger. America is continue to have strong economic rela- done a lot of work in this Congress. We united. And we the leadership have our tions with countries that help and abet have done our best to legislate and put greatest challenge in this hour. and harbor terrorists must go out the our funds behind us. But now let us Again, as we pursue the legislative window. seize this opportunity to indeed make challenge to balance the magnificence I was proud to speak to the President this Nation stronger. of our Constitution, which has held us yesterday. I assured him something, Each of us will forever remember yes- united—it remains the oldest continu- and I think I speak for all of us: par- terday, where we were, what we did. ously performing Republic in the world tisanship. Divisions are out the win- Those of us who convened here yester- today—and balance the need of addi- dow. He will be our leader. He will day morning then went to our staffs. I tional security against human rights, come up with a plan. We will have ad- commend the leadership of the Con- civil rights, and the rule of law, we will vice and offer suggestions. But once gress, indeed, the police and others who do it. Never before has our Congress that plan is arrived at, we will unite. had an orderly evacuation. I then been faced with a greater challenge to This is a long struggle. It is not an called the Secretary of Defense, Don preserve one of the greatest parts of easy struggle. But because of our free- Rumsfeld and asked what could I do as this Nation, and yet address the future. dom, because of our American way of the ranking member of the committee Just a personal note, I remember life, we will prevail. to show my full support for the men World War II. I was a youngster in the In conclusion, this event will never and women of the Armed Forces and early parts of it. My generation, at age leave us the same, not as individuals, the uniformed as well as the civilians. 17, we all volunteered, in the fall of not as New Yorkers, not as Americans, He said: JOHN, come over. 1944, 1945. I became a sailor. not as residents of the planet earth. I called my colleague, the chairman, The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The But we can learn from it as we grieve. Senator LEVIN. We joined and went Senator’s time has expired. We can meet the challenge and rise to over and stayed the better part of 3 Mr. WARNER. Mr. President, I ask the next level of civilization. I am con- hours which I will never forget. The unanimous consent to proceed for 2 fident we will. Secretary had us in the room, the minutes. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Under chairman and I, the Joint Chiefs, the The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The the order previously entered, the senior other staff. We watched the operations. Senator will proceed. Senator from Virginia, Mr. WARNER, is The President called in. I watched the Mr. WARNER. I remember that pe- recognized for not to exceed 10 min- Secretary and the President. The Sec- riod very well, how all Americans utes. retary handed me the phone and said: united. My generation of 17 and 18, we Mr. WARNER. Mr. President, I thank The President wishes to speak to you. were prepared to do our part in the my colleagues and commend our lead- America will be proud of the manner war. But I called my children yester- ership. I want to pick up on the note of in which our command and control of day and I said much has been said our distinguished colleague from New our military and indeed the executive about the greatest generation, those York. We will never be the same as a branch functioned to address this cri- who were privileged to serve in World nation. That is true. We will be a bet- sis. That chapter will be written. War II, those who were here on the ter nation. We will be a stronger na- I said to my friend, the Secretary: I home front. This Nation pulled to- tion, as we step up to meet this chal- want very much, as a Senator from gether, met our adversaries and lenge. Yesterday our great Nation, our Virginia, to go and look at that area of emerged stronger. people, suffered in a single day its the building that was struck. I said, we may be remembered as the greatest tragedy of a single day. Imme- He said: Of course. I will escort you. greatest generation, but my children diately thereafter, this Nation, arm in And that he did for Senator LEVIN and and your children will become the arm, embarked on what I think history I. greater generation because they will will reflect is its finest hour—hours We went around that building, in seize, with our leadership, the same yesterday, today, and tomorrow, into which I spent over 5 years of the challenge, the younger generation in the future. happiest days of my life in the Navy’s America, and go beyond what we Our Nation from coast to coast secretariat. We speculated as far back achieved in World War II. We will re- locked arms, irrespective of our back- as the late 1960s and 1970s how that lentlessly pursue the enemy wherever grounds, our cultures, our faiths, our building could be attacked. Yes, we they are, and we will carefully, under beliefs—indeed, our differences. We thought of this scenario. But that is the rule of law, seek justice. We will locked arms, united as a nation behind history. prevail and become a stronger nation. our President, behind our Government, There I saw that building and how I thank this body for the privilege of putting full faith in our Government to that aircraft, Mr. President, was skill- addressing it and the Nation today. lead us in this crisis. fully guided and piloted such as to pen- Mr. REID. Mr. President, I make a I pray that our President, our Con- etrate that building through three or unanimous consent request before the gress, the Governors of the States, four of the rings. And as we are here Senator from New York speaks. right on down to the city councils, the today, the casualties we know not in The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The police, the firemen who are working number, but what we do know and Senator from Nevada. today, seize this opportunity and make what I saw, as I sat there but a few feet Mr. REID. Mr. President, I ask unan- our Nation even stronger and greater. from the building, all around me were imous consent that the Senate stand in Our challenge here in our legislature, voluntary firemen, men and women, recess between 12:30 p.m. and 1:45 p.m. working with the President and others, professional firemen and rescue men today; that no amendments or motions will be to devise, yes, a strengthened and women. Therein rests the great- be in order with respect to the pending security system in every walk of life ness of our Nation as to how they re- resolution; that at 1:45 p.m. today, the for America, regrettably, every walk of sponded and what they were doing, un- joint resolution be read a third time, life, with emphasis this morning on selfishly, risking their own lives. We and the Senate vote without any inter- airports. But those of us who have saw some coming out filled with smoke vening action or debate on passage of worked in the area of terrorism know and debris but doing what they could the joint resolution; that upon the that airports, yes, are vulnerable, but to help those trapped, dead or other- completion of that vote, the Senate there are many other areas in which we wise, in that building. stand in recess until 3 p.m. are vulnerable. Our colleagues from New York have The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is I am proud that the Senate Armed most dramatically and compas- there objection to the several requests? Services Committee, working with the sionately described what has occurred Mrs. FEINSTEIN. Reserving the other committees of this body, 3 years in their State. We grieve with our citi- right to object.

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 23:48 Sep 12, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.011 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9288 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The world for whom this was not an event scaffolding on the side of the Pentagon. Senator from California reserves the they watched in horror on television After we finish the search and rescue right to object. but lived through and in too many in- and recovery work that is being carried Mrs. FEINSTEIN. Mr. President, I stances did not survive. out heroically there, I hope we all see would like to ask the Senator, will we We are beginning to find out what a clear signal that we are rebuilding, have opportunities to continue the line that was like. CHUCK and I have a lot of that our defenses are more resolute of speakers who were lined up before friends who worked in those towers, than ever. the vote on the resolution? who worked in the center, and worked I hope similarly that lower Manhat- Mr. REID. I say to my friend from nearby. We are hearing the stories of tan has the same kind of image to California that the leader, the two husbands and wives grabbing cell project because the reality will be that leaders have said that anyone who phones and calling home to say: I love we are rebuilding and reconstructing wants to speak on this resolution you; goodbye. and making clear that just as our mili- throughout the day should be able to We know, and I assure every person tary might is unchallenged and do so. There are some schedules that in this body, in the House, and many, uncowed, so are our economic, our so- have to be met, especially by the Sen- many of our fellow citizens, when we fi- cial, our political values epitomized by ators from New York. They need to re- nally know the names of those killed New York. turn to their State. We need to get the and injured, they will know someone. I have expressed my strong support vote out of the way. There will be This was an attack on New York, but for the President, not only as the Sen- added opportunity to speak. it was really an attack on America. I ator from New York but as someone The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is have been very gratified, as I know who for 8 years had some sense of the there objection to the several requests? that CHUCK has and all of our col- burdens and responsibilities that fall Mrs. FEINSTEIN. Further reserving leagues in the House, by the strong on the shoulders of the human being we the right to object, if I understand, support we have received from the make our President. It is an awesome then, the vote will be at 1:45, the Sen- President. I am very grateful. We have and at oftentimes awful responsibility ate will go into recess until 3, and then expressed our appreciation. for any person. I know we are up to it, CHUCK and I will be going to New the floor will be open to continue; is I know we are ready for it, and I know York this afternoon with FEMA, and that correct? that everyone in this body represents we could not ask for more than we Mr. REID. The Senator is right. every American in making clear that have received in the immediate after- Mrs. FEINSTEIN. I thank the Chair. we are united and stronger than ever. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is math of this horrific attack. We are by no means anywhere near It is with a heavy heart—really a there objection to the several requests? the end of what it will take to continue sense of heartbreak—that I rise today Mr. WARNER. Reserving the right to the search and rescue efforts. We are in support of this resolution, but it is object, could I ask the leadership, are finding people even as we speak. Yet we also with a great sense of pride, first in we not, as a body, all 100 cosponsors? know there is a very grim task ahead the people of New York who responded Has that parliamentary step been to do everything we can to find every as New Yorkers always do when times taken? If not, I ask unanimous consent person, to account for every single per- get tough. There was not a sense of that all Members of this body be co- son who went to work. That is all they panic. There was order, and there was sponsors of the resolution. did. They went to work on a beautiful an immediate outpouring of help. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is September day in New York. Those men and women whom we sent there objection? Without objection, it We will also stand united behind our in to rescue our fellow Americans— is so ordered. President as he and his advisers plan there is no way adequately to express Under the previous order, the Sen- the necessary actions to demonstrate our gratitude to our firefighters, our ator from New York, the junior Sen- America’s resolve and commitment, police officers, our emergency per- ator, Mrs. CLINTON, is recognized for not only to seek out an exact punish- sonnel, our doctors and nurses and not to exceed 10 minutes. ment on the perpetrators but to make medical personnel. They responded at Mrs. CLINTON. Thank you, Mr. very clear that not only those who har- the height of a tragic, unexpected at- President. I thank my colleagues for bor terrorists but those who in any way tack with the kind of grit and courage their outpouring of support, their con- give any aid or comfort whatsoever we expect from New Yorkers. cerns, and their many offers of addi- will now face the wrath of our country. To all of those who are missing a tional aid that has come to the rescue I hope that message has gotten loved one, there are no words any of us of our people as a result of this dev- through to everywhere it needs to be can express except to tell you in the astating tragedy. heard: You are either with America in clearest possible terms: We will in a Yesterday dawned a beautiful day in our time of need or you are not. united American response support you, New York. My daughter told me it was We also stand united behind our re- offer assistance to you, stand with you, one of those days where the sky was to- solve, as this resolution so clearly and pursue those who reached deep into tally clear, there was a breeze, people states, to recover and rebuild in the your families and homes yesterday and were starting to line up at the polling aftermath of these tragic acts. New took someone you loved away from places to vote because it was primary York was not an accidental choice for you. day, an election day, a continuation of these mad men, these terrorists, these There will be a lot of work ahead of the commitment to democracy and instruments of evil. us in this body and in the House, and self-government that has set us apart They deliberately chose to strike at a we will pursue that. I am grateful for from every society that has ever ex- city which is a global city. It is the the support we have received. Thank isted because of the longevity of our city of the 21st century. It epitomizes you very much. democracy and the will of our people to who we are as Americans. So this in a (Applause.) constantly renew themselves. very real sense was an attack on Amer- The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. NEL- New Yorkers went from standing in ica, on our values, on our power, on SON of Florida). The Senator from line to vote to standing in line to do- who we are as a people. I know, because Delaware, the manager of the resolu- nate blood in just a few hours. I do not I know America, that America will tion. think any of us will ever get out of our stand behind New York, that America f minds the images we saw on television will offer whatever resources, aid, com- of the plane going into the first tower, fort, or support that New Yorkers and VISIT TO THE SENATE BY THE the plane going into the second tower, New York require because the greatest PRIME MINISTER OF AUSTRALIA, and the plane going into the Pentagon, rebuke we can offer to those who at- JOHN HOWARD but there were tens of thousands of our tack our way of life is to demonstrate Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President, there has fellow Americans, people who live in clearly we are not cowed in any way been a request, with which I agree, New York, New Jersey, and Con- whatsoever. that we recess for up to 3 minutes. We necticut, people literally from every I hope that within a short period of were to hear from the distinguished part of our country and, indeed, the time, I say to Senator WARNER, we see Prime Minister of Australia, one of our

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 23:48 Sep 12, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.014 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9289 strongest allies, a man who himself is The same was happening in Virginia Officer, sitting there from Florida, in deep sympathy and mourning for where we have lost many lives, untold cares just as much as anybody else this Nation, in a joint meeting. He is in numbers, as of yet, at the Pentagon as does. the Chamber. well as the passengers on flight 77 fly- And so we are all going to stick to- f ing from Dulles, VA, that was hijacked gether in that regard. We do need to and crashed into the Pentagon. learn from this, though. And as we RECESS There are great stories of bravery, learn, we must make sure that as we Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President, I ask with people going above and beyond learn the facts, we do not allow these unanimous consent that the Senate re- what is expected, and that should give attacks to succeed in tempting us in cess for 3 minutes so that the Prime us comfort as a nation. This tragedy any way to diminish what makes us a Minister of Australia may be greeted. has affected many lives, and we still great nation. And what makes us a There being no objection, the Senate, don’t know how many lives. It will great nation is that this is a country at 11:10 a.m., recessed and reassembled probably take a week if not weeks to that understands that people have God- at 11:13 a.m. when called to order by determine how many lives have been given rights and liberties. And we can- the Presiding Officer (Mr. NELSON of lost. Even in the small neighborhood not—in our efforts to bring justice—di- Florida). where we live, where my daughter goes minish those liberties. f to middle school, children were crying Clearly, this is not a simple, normal TERRORIST ATTACKS AGAINST because their parents work at the Pen- criminal case. This is an act of war, THE UNITED STATES—Continued tagon. Others work at Fort Belvoir and and those rules apply. But at home and The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under there was worry that Fort Belvoir was domestically, we need to make sure the previous order, the Senator from being hit. There’s only maybe a couple that we are not tempted to abrogate Virginia is recognized for up to 10 min- of dozen houses in our development, any civil rights such as habeas corpus utes. but a youngster—who came by our or protections against unreasonable The Senator from Virginia. house to get to know my children, his searches and seizures, or the freedom of Mr. ALLEN. Mr. President, my fellow father was on Flight 77. expression and peaceable assembly, Members of the Senate, this is a very So, as the days go forward, we are all freedom of religion. And just because sad day as we witness all of the impli- going to be learning these stories of in- somebody may come from an ethnic cations and tragedies and lives lost nocent people whose lives have been background, that means nothing. They from yesterday’s dastardly terrorist at- lost and the families that will forever are American citizens. And so let’s tacks on the United States. be scarred with the loss of that loved make sure that in our anger and in our Yesterday’s attacks were attacks not one. Our thoughts and prayers must be efforts to bring justice, we remember just on the United States and our par- with those families. Whether they’re in our basic foundational civil liberties ticular Commonwealth of Virginia or New York or people who are from Con- and do not abrogate them. State of New York, it is an attack on necticut or New Jersey, people from We are a nation of laws, of good- freedom-loving people and everything Virginia, here in the D.C. area, I’m hearted people, of loving people. And so we stand for as a unique and great na- sure there are folks from Maryland and I would say in closing, Mr. President, tion. the District, clearly people from Mas- let’s make sure we pray for and com- On Monday afternoon, Senator BOXER sachusetts were on the hijacked flight fort those who have lost loved ones. and I were ready to introduce a resolu- from Boston. Clearly a lot of people Let’s get the facts, move swiftly and tion condemning the suicide bombings from California, since the destination properly. But most importantly, as in the Middle East. We would have in- of all of those flights was to be Cali- Americans, let’s stay strong. Let’s stay troduced that resolution on Monday, fornia. resolved, and let’s keep moving for- but wanted to include another clause This is truly a day that will live in ward. Because, indeed, all the world is recognizing the attacks in Israel on infamy. History will record these as watching, not just the Senate; they are Sunday. We now see with great shock the most violent, insane, cowardly acts watching the United States and Ameri- and horror, that the United States is that have ever been perpetrated on our cans. What will their response be? Let’s obviously not impervious to these sui- homeland in the United States of keep moving forward. We are the bea- cide bombings and such attacks. America. We need to be united, coa- con for freedom-loving people in the What we need to do now is coalesce, lesced as Americans, but also with our world, sticking together we will per- coalesce as a people with our shared be- allies in our resolve, our resolve to pur- severe. We will bring justice. And we liefs, coalesce to comfort those who sue these cowardly conspirators who will come out safer and stronger in the have lost loved ones and then also de- perpetrated these murderous acts. end. termine where we need to go to move In our response to justice, we need to Thank you, Mr. President. forward to try to prevent such acts be sure, we need to be swift, and we The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- from occurring in the future. Our goal need to be severe. In my view, we have ator from Delaware, the manager of and focus right now must be on the res- allowed terrorism to go on too long, the resolution. cue, hoping there are those who are thinking that we could be immune Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President, I yield still alive. Secondly, we need to find as from it. But nevertheless, we need to myself up to 10 minutes to speak. many details and information as to recognize that we’re going to have to The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- how our security was breached so as to wage warfare. ator is recognized. hopefully prevent it in the future. And These people have struck against the Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President, I cannot thirdly of course, hold those who are symbol of American strength and think of any other legislative body in responsible accountable and bring power. They are not, though, going to the world where we would hear the them to justice. be able to weaken the will of the people speech we just heard by the junior Sen- We are hearing stories just in the of the United States. We will stay ator from Virginia, where his heart is first day of great heroes. Heroes in New united, defending our interests and our aching, many in his constituency have York. People who knew that the build- principles. We will also stick together, died. Part of the building in his State ing was going to collapse, but never- not just as Virginians and New York- is still burning. theless stayed there trying to usher ers, but as Americans aiding and help- In the ultimate American way, he people out. On C-SPAN this morning, ing the families who have lost loved called at the end of his speech for not one of those who was just a volunteer ones in whatever they can do. abrogating the basic cherished liberties helper knew what was going on, where The senior Senator from Virginia, that this Nation has. I doubt whether those who were emergency and federal JOHN WARNER, and I will work together one would hear that in any other as- FBI agents were as well, knowing that to make sure that for those Federal sembly in the world after such an at- the building was going to collapse, employees that the Government is tack, and I compliment him for it. staying there knowing those were the doing all they can as well as for the ci- My heart and my sympathy go out to last minutes of their life trying to save vilian employees. And it is not just as our colleagues from New York and Vir- people. Virginians. I know that the Presiding ginia in particular, but all those who

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 23:48 Sep 12, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.017 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9290 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 have had their fellow citizens and their The word should go out to those who Mr. GREGG. Mr. President, I yield 10 constituents victimized by this act. pretend they wish to be our friends minutes to the Senator from Pennsyl- This is a time to mourn but not to de- that they are going to have to make vania, Mr. SANTORUM. spair, a time for resolve but not re- some very difficult choices. Pakistan The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- morse, a time for sober investigation in particular is going to have to make ator from Pennsylvania is recognized and not recrimination, and a time to a very difficult choice, very soon, for for 10 minutes. unite, not to debate. we are counting. We are counting and Mr. SANTORUM. Mr. President, I Some have said yesterday and today we are looking. Words will not be suffi- thank the Senator from Delaware. I that all has changed, all has changed cient. Actions will be demanded. want to say to the Senator from Dela- for America. I know what they mean All of us say we will never let this ware, those are very eloquent and ap- by that, and I respect their view, but I happen again. Well, the act of a single propriate and I think appropriately pray that is not true. I pray that is not individual strapping explosives to their forceful remarks. I am in agreement true. I pray my junior colleague from body is probably something no one can with every word he said. I think you Virginia is correct when he says the ever guarantee will not happen, but are going to see today the U.S. Senate one thing we cannot allow to change is dealing with well organized, well-fund- in agreement. Everyone is standing up the values upon which this country is ed, well-coordinated, massive actions is in support of each other and in support built, for if that were to occur, then something that can be done only in a of the President and the people. We are they would be able to declare victory, multilateral way, only internationally. here for them. We are meeting today. genuine victory. No matter what we do, if we fail to We are meeting for them. I think it is I predict one thing has changed, lead the world in a multilateral unity an important sign that this beacon of though. I respectfully suggest the way of absolute resolve, I say to you, sadly, freedom is open and that the U.S. Sen- of life of present and future terrorists that this could happen again. But I am ate, the greatest deliberative body in has changed forever. The future of or- convinced it will not. the world, is meeting, talking, and I ganized terrorist cells is about to wel- Today, as it has for 212 years, the hope acting today, tomorrow, and for come the 21st Century in a way they U.S. Congress has convened. Two miles the weeks and months to come this never anticipated, for in this dastardly down Pennsylvania Avenue, President year. act they may have done what no other Bush sits in the Oval Office leading the My wife, Karen, and I, and our whole group of people could possibly have executive branch and the country in a family, watched television yesterday, done, and that is to unite the civilized wide-ranging investigation to find just in amazement, in grief, in sorrow, world, unite our allies in Europe who those who committed these barbarous and in tears. We went to church and share our values, unite our Russian acts. Around this city and around New prayed. We didn’t know what else to do friends, our Chinese friends, unite the York, dedicated public servants are but go to church and pray that some- world, because that image of that plane back at their desks in Federal office how and in some way people would sur- smashing into the second tower has re- buildings doing the people’s business. vive this horrible tragedy. verberated around the world and every New York—the city that never sleeps— It has been a very difficult time for a leader in every country can picture the has worked around the clock in search lot of us. It has been a horrible time for same thing happening in their nation. of survivors, and they will find some. the people of New York and the people I recently visited China with three of Around the Nation, citizens of every my colleagues. They have buildings in in northern Virginia. age, every race, and every religion We are committed, as you heard the China as tall or taller than the World grieve for their fellow citizens. But President say today, to do everything Trade Center. I can picture the Presi- they stand united. They stand united we can here in Washington, DC, to help dent of China sitting there envisioning in support of our Nation, which has en- those who are struggling and to sup- the same thing happening. So I do not dured over two centuries against all think all of a sudden there has been a port those who are doing heroic things enemies, foreign and domestic. They in Pennsylvania trying to recover what conversion of democratic zeal on the stand united in readiness to answer the part of those who are not often thought is left of the plane that crashed in call for their fellow neighbors. As Sen- Pennsylvania. And of course in New of as our allies to resolve with us to LINTON and Senator SCHUMER ator C York as well, there are incredible sto- fight worldwide terrorism, but it is a pointed out, they lined the blocks in ries of heroism, and at the Pentagon in reflection of the reality that the world New York City to give blood. I would northern Virginia. Our sympathies and has changed in a way that we all are be dumbfounded if you did not see our support go out to all of those men vulnerable. black faces, Asian faces, Hispanic, and women and their families. A further reality is that no one could every race, and every religion standing I think it is important for us to have undertaken this very well in that line. They stand united in sup- know, as the Senator from Delaware planned, and regrettably well executed, port of the President of the United said, that things should not change terrorist act without an extensive net- States, as do all of us here in the Sen- here in America. I could not agree with work, without a place in which to plan ate. it that was within earshot and eyesight Much will be said today and in the him more. Things must not change of some country, without some people days ahead about the appropriate re- with respect to our freedom and our de- who, by their inaction at a minimum sponses to these heinous acts. But for mocracy. But there are certain things and their complicity, allowed this to now let me just say this. This is not a that must change. I think the Senator occur. There will be very few places to struggle over ideology. This is not a from Delaware hit the nail on the head hide, I predict, from this moment on, struggle over religion. This is a strug- when he said that our actions towards for these are not the acts of a single gle between civilization and barbarity. terrorists must change. man or a single woman. They are and Let there be no doubt that the United What happened yesterday was not they were and they will, if they try States and civilized nations of the merely a hijacking of a domestic air- again, have to be well planned, well world will unite and win this struggle. line flight. What happened yesterday funded, and widely supported by dozens Our enemies will not, and can not, de- was an enemy missile loaded with ex- upon dozens of individuals and indi- feat us. This country will go on, deeply plosives—11,000 gallons of jet fuel—that vidual leaders. wounded by the loss of so many but exploded into targets here in the In speaking to the President, the strengthened by our resolve and our United States of America. It was an act Secretary of State, and other leaders in commitment to sustain this great de- of war. It was an enemy missile that the administration, they are impressed mocracy. was directed at our country. We must by what they believe to be the heart- I see in this cataclysmic tragedy the respond accordingly to this act of felt, sincere, and resolute offers of sup- beginning of the end of organized and war—to those who perpetrated it. We port to deal with terrorism that not legitimized terrorist activities. are at war with terrorists and with only come from expected quarters such The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- those nations that harbor them, that as England, France, Germany, Italy, ator from New Hampshire, the Repub- finance them, and that in any way en- and our European allies but from unex- lican manager of the resolution, is rec- courage and support them. I think it is pected quarters. ognized for 10 minutes. important that we say so here in the

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 02:03 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.020 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9291 United States Senate, at some point, This is a time for us to begin to put the There will be plenty of time for us to that this is war with the forces of evil building blocks in place so we can en- debate bills on the floor of the Senate that attacked this country. gage in a war against those who at- and to discuss the priorities we ought This is not—and I can’t stress this tacked this country. I am hopeful, in to have and who should be held respon- more strongly—a time merely to bring fact I am confident, that we can do so sible. But the human dimension of all people to justice. It is a time to wage in a bipartisan way, in a way that will of this is something I haven’t been able war and win a war against those who lend great honor and credibility to this to get my hands around in these last 24 committed this act, and against those great institution. hours. I just can’t imagine what it who harbor those who committed this Thank you, Mr. President. must be like to be one of the victims of act, and against those who support and Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President, I yield to these terrorist acts, or to know that encourage those who committed this the Senator from Connecticut. there is a loved one trapped somewhere act. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- in those buildings in lower Manhattan, In the U.S. Senate, there are things ator from Connecticut is recognized for or to be the family of a service man or we can do, sensible things we can do, to 10 minutes. woman who knows that just a few support our President and to support Mr. DODD. Mr. President, I thank blocks from here their husband, wife, the American people. the chairman. father, sibling, child, or neighbor is First, as I mentioned before, we can I want to begin by thanking my col- lying in the rubble of the Pentagon, or support the American people right now league from Delaware for not only his to be the family of one of the pas- with the resources they need to try to managing this resolution but also for sengers on the planes hijacked yester- find survivors and repair the damage his eloquent remarks a few moments day. I can’t begin to imagine. that was caused in this country. ago. Second, we need to bring up the De- I also commend the distinguished I want to start by telling those fami- fense authorization bill and the De- majority leader, Senator DASCHLE, and lies that every one of us here in Con- fense appropriations bill right now. We the distinguished minority leader, Sen- gress wishes there were some way we need to make sure we have the nec- ator LOTT, and their respective leader- could express our sense of grief for you. essary tools in place to be able to de- ship teams for the dignity and manner In the days and weeks to come we will fend our country. We need to look at in which they conducted business in try to do that in ways that are mean- the intelligence and counterintel- this body yesterday. I also commend ingful. ligence operations of this country and the President of the United States for I would also like to mention the fire- determine soon whether we should en- his very eloquent remarks last evening men and policemen. We were told last hance that capability, which is obvi- to the Nation. evening that we don’t know what the ously insufficient. We here in the I commend Don Rumsfeld, Secretary numbers of emergency personnel lost United States Senate must do some- of Defense for his efforts yesterday and are. There may be several hundreds thing about it. We must do something for staying on the job while the Pen- who lost their lives as they raced into about it now. It is important for us to tagon was burning. I know there were those 110-storey buildings while trying come together at a time of national probably those on his staff and else- to bring relief to others only to lose crisis and emergency, when our coun- where who urged him to leave. I pre- their lives in the collapse of those try is threatened, to pass the necessary sume they made a good case for it. But buildings. bills for our Government to fight the I admire the fact that Don Rumsfeld Again, for those of you who watched war in which it will be engaged during stayed on the job yesterday to be with the tragedy last year in Wooster, MA, the coming weeks, months—and maybe the men and women who were there— or other places where firemen and longer. the injured, those who lost their lives, emergency services people have given We need to make sure we have the not to mention those who are fighting their lives, I suppose in one sense it is diplomatic representation to represent the blaze and trying to bring that in- not a surprise that the dedication we us, as the Senator from Delaware said, credible scene under control. saw yesterday is seen so frequently and I agree with him 100 percent, we This is a very sad time. It has been around the country, but particularly need to form an international coali- said by others here this morning, and because of the magnitude of the events tion. We need a U.N. Ambassador. We it will be said repeatedly this after- yesterday, we are struck by it. And as do not have an Ambassador to the noon. There are no words I can utter in Senator BIDEN, Senator SCHUMER, Sen- United Nations. I cannot think of a these next few moments that will serve ator CLINTON, and Senator WARNER more important time since the U.N. to lessen the sense of loss that all of us mentioned in their very fine remarks was created that we need an Ambas- feel as Americans. There is a sense of this morning, the people who donated sador to the United Nations. And we poignancy to all of this, obviously, if blood and who are offering services de- don’t have one. That nomination is sit- you are from New York. If you had a serve our respect and admiration. So I ting in the Foreign Relations Com- loved one who worked at the Pentagon, express my gratitude to all of them. mittee. I hope we can get that nomina- there is a special dimension. And, if tion to the floor as quickly as possible you had a loved one on one of the four We have to respond to yesterday’s so we can begin the very important aircraft yesterday that left Newark, events, and we will. I have no doubt of work the Senator from Delaware has Boston, or Dulles there is a special this. However, building the kind of laid out in building a coalition nec- hurt today. Truly, there is a human di- international cooperation necessary to essary to fight this terrible scourge mension to this that we don’t have the do so is awfully difficult. Indeed, if that has attacked this country. ability to understand yet. there is a slight glimmer of a silver lin- Finally, we need to do something It is a God-given blessing during mo- ing to this tragedy, it may be in the re- about our energy needs. Members have ments such as this that human beings sponses our President received yester- told me about places in America where are incapable of fully understanding day from almost every civilized head of they were charging $3 to $5 a gallon for and appreciating the depth of loss im- state around the globe—responses of gasoline yesterday. Yes. Energy will be mediately. It will take days—or longer. support. Maybe in all of this tragedy a very important issue for this coun- Oftentimes what we see with families and rubble, the possibility that the try, and very soon. We need to consider when a person very close to them is kind of response the world has been this bill. Particularly if we are engaged lost, is that in the immediate hours seeking for so many years may emerge in fighting terrorism around the world, and days after that loss, they function like a phoenix from these ashes, and we we need to have more domestic secu- because they have to in order to man- will be able to forge the kinds of rela- rity. We need domestic energy secu- age affairs. But the true impact of loss tionships that allow us to stamp out rity. is sometimes not felt for days and this cancer that has been with us for These are the kinds of things I hope weeks afterwards. I think our country far too many years in Beirut, in the we in the Senate can join together to is in that state this very day. Marine barracks in Saudi Arabia, and pass measures that are important and So, I want to take a few minutes to other places. I saw the list of victims of to prepare ourselves for the war ahead. talk about that human dimension. past terrorist attacks the other day. It

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 02:03 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.022 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9292 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 is many pages long—not of the mag- Monday afternoon about 4 o’clock I got port and grounded every plane in nitude we saw yesterday, but nonethe- a call from a former colleague of ours, America. I believe that was exactly the less, cumulatively hundreds and thou- Bob Kerrey. He called me from a deliv- right thing to do and it was only the sands of people lost their lives at the ery room in New York to tell me that first response. hands of fanatics who believe the loss an hour and a half earlier he became Today, the FAA issued an order ban- of innocent life is a justifiable means the proud father of a young man named ning all knives from air crafts brought to achieve their extreme ends. Henry. My colleague from Texas and on by passengers or in carry-on lug- So maybe—just maybe—if there is her wonderful husband have taken on a gage. It used to be you could take a any solace we can offer to the families magnificent responsibility—recently knife on an airplane that was shorter of the people who have lost their lives, adopting the great love of their lives, than 4 inches, like the kind many peo- out of this we will begin to deal effec- Bailey Hutchison. I am going to leave ple carry on keyrings. That will no tively with the scourge of terrorism. I here momentarily and go with my wife longer be allowed. I am glad the FAA hope that is the case. I hope the Presi- to Arlington to see her doctor. We are took that immediate action because we dent will work on that, and I know we expecting a new arrival. I can’t tell you know from early reports that those here in Congress will. It will be impor- how proud I am of that blessed event. were the weapons used by these terror- tant that in the context of being in a I want to end on this note and say to ists. The FAA has also ended curbside rush to respond to this—and there is a young Henry and to Bailey and to my baggage checks. Everything they are passion we all feel that makes one yet unborn child that we are going to doing is right for our country right want to strike out and grab somebody build a world for you that is deserving now. and make them pay for what they did of the kind of place you ought to have. Later this week I am going to intro- that we temper our anger. I hope we Previous generations did it for us. Cer- duce legislation to reinstitute the ran- have enough sense now to know that tainly, those of our colleagues who dom sky marshal program. Reinstitu- when we strike, it needs to be right be- served in World War II, Vietnam, tion of this program will have U.S. law cause the coalition that we need to Korea, made it possible for us to live in enforcement personnel randomly as- build to respond to this requires that signed to flights to help ensure our we act smartly, intelligently, and cor- a land of peace and democracy. Our re- safety. These are some of the many rectly. If we don’t, we run the risk of sponsibility is no less to future genera- things we will address. fracturing the very kind of coalition tions. The words ‘‘an act of war’’ have I was talking to Senator WARNER and that will be necessary. been used. I agree with that. We need These terrorists had a remarkable to respond to this and to build the kind Senator ALLEN this morning about leg- success yesterday. They utilized Amer- of society to sustain our democratic islation that would allow the vesting ican planes and American fuel to use as values, which we have embraced for for retirement purposes of military their bombs. That they went into three more than 200 years, through trials and personnel who have died in the line of major airports, 15 or 20 people, I am tribulations. To Henry, Bailey, and to duty such as the many victims at the told, in teams of 3 or 5, and com- this yet unborn child of mine, we com- Pentagon yesterday. mandeered 4 aircraft and attacked 2 mit to you that you will live in a I think their surviving spouse should major sites, economically and mili- peaceful world. That is our common receive survivors retirement benefits tarily, and apparently had a target of a goal. I thank the Senator. commensurate with the number of third, politically, is a stunning, stun- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- years they have served, which is not ning set of circumstances. We need to ator from North Carolina. presently the law. Senator WARNER is get some answers. Today may not be Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, I yield up going to push that bill through the the day to get them, but I know my to 10 minutes to the distinguished Sen- Armed Services Committee because of colleagues and millions of Americans ator from Texas. his great leadership position and be- have questions on their minds. People The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- cause his constituents are so affected. will have to answer how this could ator from Texas is recognized up to 10 Many people are in dire straits right occur in the country. minutes. now, not knowing what their future is Yet, I come back to the notion of the Mrs. HUTCHISON. Mr. President, I because of the number of people we lost human element of all of this, and the cannot think of a more appropriate yesterday serving our country in the human element also requires that I way to end a speech than the ending Pentagon. We are going to see some speak to those who are Muslims in our that was just given by the Senator measures coming forward in the next country. There has been a lot of chat- from Connecticut—talking about my few days and weeks and months to try ter over the last 24 hours of who is re- daughter, talking about his future to address the many issues that are sponsible here—Islamic fundamental- daughter or son, talking about our now occurring because of yesterday’s ists, Islamic extremists? I don’t know former colleague Bob Kerrey’s new son. tragedy. if that is right or wrong. I am not privy Every time we reflect upon World Today, however, is more of a solemn to that information. But I urge those War I or World War II or the Korean moment. It is a moment of horror, a who want to provide answers to this War or Vietnam or Desert Storm, I am moment of grief, a moment of tragedy, question to be careful. You only had to reminded that it is our responsibility and a moment for reflection. It is a mo- listen to the words of DAN INOUYE to to keep the zeal for freedom alive, ment which really can’t be described, understand why we should not vilify all which was paid for by the blood of so but we all understand because we feel. members of an ethnic group for the many. I certainly will be committed, It was once said that ‘‘democracy is sins of a few individuals. You only need along with Senator DODD and everyone based upon the conviction that there to walk a block away from here to a in the Senate, to making sure that my are extraordinary possibilities in ordi- monument commemorating the impris- daughter, Bailey, has the opportunity nary people.’’ We saw that yesterday— onment of thousands of people of Japa- to live in the same wonderful country for evil and for good. nese descent 60 years ago. We have that I have been able to grow up in and Yesterday’s attack stunned our Na- wonderful citizens here who are Mus- love. tion, shocked a people, and destroyed lims and practice the Islamic faith. I In the coming days and weeks, we are lives and buildings. The blasts and col- fear that sometimes in our momentary going to be talking about specifics on lapse were felt across our Nation, both passions we can indict some wonderful how we deal with this tragedy. In fact, physically and emotionally. But they Americans, wonderful people, innocent there are some things coming out now did not destroy our spirit, they did not children in this country who were to show that we are acting decisively. destroy our faith, and they will never raised in a very proud and serious reli- I was very proud of the President in destroy our belief in freedom. gion. So we need to be cautious about giving the order immediately to shut Yesterday was filled with images of the rhetoric we use and the fingers we down air traffic in New York, and then horror and unspeakable evil, but also point before we have the facts before throughout America, within minutes of of the American spirit, as individuals us. the second terrorist act on the World and a nation rose to the occasion, met Lastly, I say this. I see my friend and Trade Center it was then clear that it the crisis head on, came together to colleague from Texas on the floor. On was terrorism. We shut down every air- rescue fellow citizens, and also to show

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 01:17 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.024 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9293 a united front to those who are trying The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- If ever we must understand our world to intimidate us. ator from North Dakota is recognized leadership responsibility to stop the Ronald Reagan once said, ‘‘No crisis for up to 10 minutes. spread of nuclear and biological weap- is beyond the capacity of our people to Mr. DORGAN. Madam President, I ons, it is now. solve; no challenge too great.’’ We are listened to my colleague from Texas Over a century ago, after the carnage proving that to be true. Already we are and I share her sentiments. There are of the Battle of Gettysburg, Abraham being touched and inspired by the ac- unique moments in history, that are Lincoln said: tions of ordinary people rising to the too often born of tragedy, when Ameri- . . . we here highly resolve that these dead extraordinary circumstances and prov- cans stand together with a relentless shall not have died in vain—that this nation, ing that they are heroes. determination to combat the forces of under God, shall have a new birth of free- To those who did this and to those evil, and to reaffirm that our freedom dom—and that government of the people, by who support them: No, we will never is secure. This, regrettably, is one of the people, for the people, shall not perish give up. We will never back down. And those moments. from the earth. we will never let anyone destroy our Cowards struck innocent men, Today, in this time and in this place, spirit. Freedom is too great—pro- women, and children yesterday, but we should let those words from nearly tecting freedom transcends all other of really all of America was their target. 140 years ago again inspire our nation’s our duties. It was clearly an act of war, committed steely resolve that those who died yes- That is why we, the Congress, present by madmen, directed against our coun- terday did not die in vain. to you to the Nation and to the world try. America’s response to the deadly a united front. A front united by grief, Our hearts are broken, but our spirit crime that took them from us will be horror, and a firm resolve to do our job is not. And the world should know that dedicated to destroying the ability of to provide for the common defense. It terrorists to wage this kind of war, and is our constitutional obligation, but it we will not give in to terrorists. Last evening, when I drove home giving those who live a new birth of is also our personal determination. freedom from the fear and the impact As we, the Members of Congress, from the Capitol at about 11 in the evening, clouds of black and gray of terrorist acts. stood on the Capitol steps last night, Today the U.S. Congress says to my colleagues and I were of one mind smoke billowed from the Pentagon those in New York, in Virginia at the and one heart. We will remain so. where one of those acts of terrorism oc- Just one person started singing ‘‘God curred. This morning, when I come Pentagon, in Pennsylvania, and all Bless America,’’ and every Member of back to the Capitol at about 7 a.m., around America—those who lost their Congress just joined in spontaneously. smoke still rose from the ashes of the lives, those who loved them, their rel- We are one with those who are strug- Pentagon. atives, their friends—You are not gling desperately to survive, with those Only F–16s and F–15s flew over our alone. Our country grieves with you. fighting courageously to rescue others, country’s capital and in the airspace And our country reaches out to you. with those waiting hopefully for news above New York City. You are not alone. of loved ones—and with those com- All of America is affected by this Finally, Madam President, Shake- mitted to punish those responsible. deed in a very dramatic way—from speare wrote: This is not just an official resolve; it young folks to old folks. Grief hath changed me since you saw me is also personal, and every one of us is Last evening, when I arrived home at last. going to have a personal story. about 11 o’clock, my 14-year-old son We are all changed. Yesterday Yesterday I spent hours on the tele- heard the door close, got out of bed, changed all of us. Our world has phone calling hospitals. Each one of and came up to me and said: Dad, what changed since yesterday. We all carry my staff members had a different hos- happened? Who did this? the heavy burden of grief, and we all pital to call every 30 minutes, looking I told my son—and all of us in Con- carry the responsibility today to en- for the husband of one of my staffers gress will tell America—that we will sure that our response is swift, severe, whose office was located in the Pen- search for, find, and punish those re- and just. And we all carry the oppor- tagon at the exact impact point of the sponsible for these acts of terrorism. tunity today to hold high the torch of crash. He finally was able to get That is our pledge. freedom, and to say to the world: Yes, through to her, and he was OK. He was We must now wage war on terrorism. America’s heart is broken, but Amer- one of the lucky ones. And we must ask all the other coun- ica’s spirit will not bend. But there were those who were not so tries in the world who believe in free- I yield the floor. lucky, such as my friend, whom I loved dom as we do to join us in this effort to The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- dearly, Barbara Olson; that courageous eradicate terrorism. ator from North Carolina. young woman who had so much spunk, Terrorist camps cannot be allowed to Mr. HELMS. Madam President, I who called her husband Ted from the continue to train terrorists. Countries yield to Senator SPECTER and will re- airplane that hit the Pentagon with a that harbor terrorist camps must, as claim my 10 minutes after him. cell phone, and gave us our first indica- the President said, pay a price for har- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- tion of what was happening and how boring them. We must rededicate our- ator from Pennsylvania. this was unfolding. selves to those tasks. Mr. SPECTER. Madam President, I Hope is the strength of an individual; Yesterday, I thought about the car- thank my distinguished colleague from it is the strength of a nation. Though nage that has occurred in our country, North Carolina for yielding. nothing in our history compares to this and the thousands of people who have Madam President, today’s resolution horrifying event, nothing in our char- undoubtedly lost their lives because of speaks in the strongest terms con- acter will let us lose hope or let us be demning yesterday’s cowardly act of consumed by fear. these acts of terrorism. It reminded me We are the very beacon of freedom again of why our country has such an terrorism. Tomorrow, we must do more for the entire world—and we will not enormous burden of responsibility to to bring the perpetrators to justice and let cowards extinguish that light. lead the world, and especially why we take steps to see to it that such ter- Through the darkness, through the de- need to lead the world in combating rorism never occurs again. bris, through the clouds of dust, that the proliferation of weapons of mass While there have been many public light still shines, and from it, freedom destruction, in cutting the number of comments pointing to the so called sig- and hope will continue to reign across nuclear weapons, and in stopping the nature of Osama (aka ‘‘Usama’’) bin the world. spread of nuclear weapons. Laden as to yesterday’s terrorist at- I thank the Chair and yield back my Yesterday it was a commercial air- tacks, we cannot, consistent with our time. liner full of jet fuel. In the future it values, make any judgments until we The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mrs. LIN- could be a vial of deadly biological know more. But what we do know is COLN). The Senator from Delaware. agents that can kill a million people. that Osama bin Laden has been at war Mr. BIDEN. Madam President, I yield Or it could be a suitcase nuclear device with the United States since 1989. We to Senator DORGAN, who is next on our in the trunk of a rusty car parked on a know that in indictments returned by list. dock in one of America’s largest cities. the United States District Court for

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:16 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.026 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9294 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 the Southern District of New York, Bin Laden is at war with the United EXHIBIT 1 going back to 1998 when Osama bin States. It is time that we reciprocate. [United States District Court, Southern District of New York, 98 Cr.] Laden and his coconspirators in al There is a legal issue as to the status Qaeda were indicted for killing 18 U.S. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA v. USAMA BIN of the Taliban in Afghanistan, which LADEN, a/k/a/ ‘‘Usamah bin-Muhammad soldiers and wounding 73 others in we do not recognize as the government. Mogadishu in 1993. So Osama bin Laden bin-Laden,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Shaykh Usamah bin- The Taliban, however, control some 90 has been at war with the United States Laden,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Mujahid Shaykh,’’ a/k/a percent of the territory. For purposes ‘‘Abu Abdallah,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Qa Qa,’’ DEFENDANT for a long time. We know further that Osama bin of a declaration of war and for taking COUNT ONE: CONSPIRACY TO ATTACK DEFENSE UTILITIES OF THE UNITED STATES Laden was indicted again by the United action, there is, in my legal judgment, The Grand Jury charges: States District Court for the Southern a sufficient nation-state entity so that District of New York in 1998 for the at- we can act and we should not be pro- Background: Al Qaeda tacks on U.S. Embassies in Nairobi, hibited from acting because there is no 1. At all relevant times from in or about 1989 until the date of the filing of this Indict- Kenya, where at least 213 people were so-called true nation-state there at the present time. ment, an international terrorist group ex- killed, and in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, isted which was dedicated to opposing non- where 11 people were killed. While on a vastly different scale, Islamic governments with force and vio- Prior to 1986, the United States did when I was district attorney of Phila- lence. This organization grew out of the not have jurisdiction to try terrorists delphia and we had outstanding indict- ‘‘mekhtab al khidemat’’ (the ‘‘Services Of- in U.S. courts for acts committed over- ments, a warrant of arrest would be fice’’) organization which had maintained (and continues to maintain) offices in var- seas. But following the murders of issued. We hunted down indictees. We many people, including U.S. citizens in ious parts of the world, including Afghani- brought them to court, we tried them, stan, Pakistan (particularly in Peshawar) the Rome and Vienna airports in De- we convicted them, and we punished and the United States, particularly at the cember of 1985, I introduced legislation them. Alkifah Refugee Center in Brooklyn. From which became the Terrorist Prosecu- in or about 1989 until the present, the group tion Act of 1986, an act providing for The United States of America has the called itself ‘‘Al Qaeda’’ (‘‘the Base’’). From the death penalty for anyone who as- authority, from the indictments which 1989 until in or about 1991, the group was saulted, maimed, or murdered a U.S. have been handed down and the state- headquartered in Afghanistan and Peshawar, citizen anywhere in the world, which ment of our extraterritorial jurisdic- Pakistan. In or about 1992, the leadership of provided the legal nexus for trying tion in the Terrorist Prosecution Act Al Qaeda, including its ‘‘emir’’ (or prince) these defendants in a U.S. court. of 1986, to take the steps which are nec- USAMA BIN LADEN, the defendant, an its Now, as a result of that legislation, essary to bring bin Laden and his co- military command relocated to the these indictments have been brought conspirators to justice. We have the ca- ***** against Osama bin Laden and his ter- pacity, we have the capability, the of Al Qaeda that the United States forces rorist group known as al Qaeda. military strength, to do what is nec- stationed in the Horn of Africa, including Somalia, should be attacked; For a fuller understanding of the way essary. k. Beginning in or about early spring 1993, bin Laden has waged war against the When demands have been made on Al Qaeda members began to provide training United States, I ask unanimous con- the Taliban for the surrender of bin and assistance to Somali tribes opposed to sent that the pertinent excerpts of the United Nations’ intervention in Somalia; Laden and the Taliban or Afghani- these very lengthy indictments be l. On October 3 and 4, 1993, members of Al stan—or whatever entity we choose to printed in the RECORD. Qaeda participated with Somali tribesmen in The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without denominate it as being—declines on the an attack on United States military per- objection, it is so ordered. grounds that bin Laden is a guest, and sonnel serving in Somalia as part of Oper- (See Exhibit 1.) yesterday there was a news conference ation Restore Hope, which attack killed a Mr. SPECTER. Madam President, where someone from the Taliban ap- total of 18 United States soldiers and wound- ed 73 others in Mogadishu; there have been many declarations peared on international television try- m. On two occasions in the period from in that what occurred yesterday with the ing to defend the Taliban’s position, it or about 1992 until in or about 1995, Co-con- trade towers and the Pentagon were is time we act. Where we have faced spirator helped transport weapons and explo- acts of war. And there is no doubt the extraordinary wounds from yester- sives from Khartoum to Port Sudan for about that. Similarly, what bin Laden day, and they may or may not be a con- transshipment to the Saudi Arabian penin- did in Mogadishu in 1993 and in the Em- tinuation of bin Laden’s past attacks— sula; bassies in 1998 were acts of war. At this time will tell—but in accordance with n. At various times from at least as early as 1993, USAMA BIN LADEN and others time, while the Congress should never our values on the presumption of inno- known and unknown, made efforts to obtain act precipitously, I do suggest that cence and not rushing to judgment, we the components of nuclear weapons; consideration be given to a declaration will await further developments as we o. At various times from at least as early of war against the political entity find out what the facts are and who the as 1993, USAMA BIN LADEN and others which harbors and has given aid and perpetrators were yesterday, even known and unknown, made efforts to assistance to bin Laden’s terrorist or- though they do bear the so-called sig- produce chemical weapons; ganization and bin Laden and his co- nature of bin Laden. But for the acts in p. On or about August 23, 1996, USAMA BIN LADEN signed and issued a Declaration of conspirators, based on the indictments 1993 in Mogadishu, for the attacks in Jihad entitled ‘‘Message from Usamah Bin- which already have been handed down, 1998 on our Embassies in Tanzania and Muhammad Bin-Laden to His Muslim Broth- to which I have referred. Nairobi, Kenya, there is no doubt that ers in the Whole World and Especially in the I do not propose to decide this issue we have the authority to act. Arabian Peninsula: Declaration of Jihad today, but I do think it is important That is why I think with these out- Against the Americans Occupying the Land that research and factual analysis of the Two Holy Mosques; Expel the Heretics standing indictments, which have pin- should begin. from the Arabian Peninsula’’ (hereafter the More needs to be done than the reso- pointed the evidence as to Osama bin ‘‘Declaration of Jihad’’) from the Hindu lution of today, which is very impor- Laden, that consideration should be Kush mountains in Afghanistan. The Dec- tant, on condemnation of the terrorism given to responding to acts of war laration of Jihad included statements that against the United States with the ap- efforts should be pooled to kill Americans of yesterday and the expressions of and encouraged other persons to join the sympathy to the victims and their fam- propriate counterattack, to see to it that we take into custody bin Laden, jihad against the American ‘‘enemy’’; ilies, those who were on the planes, the q. In or about late August 1996, USAMA passengers and the crew, and those in bring him to the United States for BIN LADEN read aloud the Declaration of the Pentagon and the trade towers. But trial, for conviction, and the potential Jihad and made an audiotape recording of where we do know, without prejudging of execution in accordance with the such reading for worldwide distribution; and yesterday’s events, that bin Laden’s death penalty which is provided by r. In February 1998, USAMA BIN LADEN U.S. law. issued a joint declaration in the name of terrorist organization has been in- Gamaa’t, Al Jihad, the Jihad Movement in dicted for acts of terrorism, murdering I again thank my colleague from Bangladesh and the ‘‘Jamaat ul Ulema e U.S. soldiers, blowing up our Embas- North Carolina. I thank the Chair and Pakistan’’ under the banner of the ‘‘Inter- sies, it is time to act. yield the floor. national Islamic Front for Jihad on the Jews

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:16 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.029 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9295 and Crusaders,’’ which stated that Muslims Arabian peninsula; (ii) killing United States of any particular state or district, Usama bin should kill Americans—including civilians— nationals employed at the United States Em- Laden, a/k/a ‘‘Usamah bin-Muhammad bin- anywhere in the world where they can be bassies in Nairobi, Kenya, and Dar es Sa- Ladin,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Shaykh Usamah bin-Ladin,’’ found. laam, Tanzania; and (iii) engaging in con- a/k/a ‘‘Abu Abdallah,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Mujahid (Title 18, United States Code, Section duct to conceal the activities and means and Shaykh,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Hajj,’’ a/k/a ‘‘al Qaqa,’’ a/k/ 2155(b).) methods of the co-conspirators by, among a ‘‘the Director’’; Muhammad Atef, a/k/a MARY JO WHITE, other things, establishing front companies, ‘‘Abu Hafs,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Abu Hafs el Masry,’’ a/k/ United States Attorney. providing false identify and travel docu- a ‘‘Abu Hafs el Masry el Khabir,’’ a/k/a ments, engaging in coded correspondence and ‘‘Taysir,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Sheikh Taysir Abdullah’’; [United States District Court, Southern providing false information to the authori- Fazul Abdullah Mohammed, a/k/a ‘‘Harun District of New York, S(2) 98 Cr. 1023 (LBS)] ties in various countries. Fazhl,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Fazhl Abdullah,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Fazhl UNITED STATES OF AMERICA v. USAMA BIN Overt Acts Khan’’; Mohamed Sadeek Odeh, a/k/a ‘‘Abu Moath,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Noureldine,’’ a/k/a LADEN, a/k/a ‘‘Usamah bin-Muhammad bin- 10. In furtherance of the said conspiracy, ‘‘Marwan,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Hydar’’; and Mohamed Ladin,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Shaykh Usamah bin- and to effect the illegal objects thereof, the Rashed Daoud al-’Owhali, a/k/a ‘‘Khalid Ladin,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Abu Abdullah,’’ a/k/a following overt acts, among others, were Salim Saleh bin Rashed,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Moath,’’ a/ ‘‘Mujahid Shaykh,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Hajj,’’ a/k/a ‘‘al committed: Qaqa,’’ a/k/a ‘‘the Director’’; MUHAMMAD k/a ‘‘Abdul Jabbar Ali Abdel-Latif,’’ defend- The Provision of Guesthouses and Training ATEF, a/k/a ‘‘Abu Hafs,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Abu Hafs el ants, at least one of whom was first brought Camps Masry,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Abu Hafs el Masry el to and arrested in the Southern District of Khabir,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Taysir,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Sheikh a. At various times from at least as early New York, and others known and unknown, Taysir Abdullah’’; WADIH EL HAGE, a/k/a as 1989, Usama bin Laden, the defendant, and unlawfully, willfully, and knowingly did ma- ‘‘Abdus Sabbur,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Abd al Sabbur,’’ a/ others known and unknown, provided train- liciously damage and destroy, and attempted k/a ‘‘Norman,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Wa’da Norman’’; ing camps and guesthouses in various areas, to damage and destroy, by means of fire and FAZUL ABDULLAH MOHAMMED, a/k/a ‘‘Harun including Afghanistan, Pakistan, the Sudan, an explosive, buildings, vehicles and other Fazhl,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Fazhl Abdullah,’’ a/k/a Somalia and Kenya for the use of al Qaeda personal and real property in whole and in ‘‘Fazhl Khan’’; MOHAMED SADEEK ODEH, a/ and its affiliated groups; part owned and possessed by, and leased to, k/a ‘‘Abu Moath,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Noureldine,’’ a/k/ The Recruitment of American Citizens the United States, to wit, the defendants, to- gether with other members of al Qaeda, an a ‘‘Marwan,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Hydar’’; and MOHAMED b. At various times from at least as early international terrorist organization, deto- RASHED DAOUD AL-’OWHALI, a/k/a ‘‘Khalid as . . . Salim Saleh bin Rashed,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Moath,’’ nated an explosive device that damaged and a/k/a ‘‘Abdul Jabbar Ali Abdel-Latif,’’ DE- * * * * * destroyed the United States Embassy in Dar FENDANTS COUNTS TWO THROUGH TWO HUNDRED TWENTY es Salaam, Tanzania, and as a result of such conduct directly and proximately caused the INTRODUCTION SEVEN: THE AFRICA BOMBINGS deaths of at least 11 persons, including Tan- COUNT TWO: BOMBING OF THE UNITED STATES The Grand Jury charges: zanian citizens. EMBASSY IN NAIROBI, KENYA, RESULTING IN Background: Al Qaeda (Title 18, United States Code, Sections MORE THAN 200 DEATHS 1. At all relevant times from in or about 844(f)(1), (f)(3) and 2.) The Grand Jury further charges: 1989 until the date of the filing of this Indict- COUNTS FOUR THROUGH TWO HUNDRED SIXTEEN: 11. The allegations continued in para- ment, an international MURDERS IN NAIROBI, KENYA graphs 1 through 7 are repeated herein. * * * * * 12. On or about August 7, 1998, in Nairobi, The Grand Jury further charges: with representatives of the government of Kenya, and outside the jurisdiction of any 15. The allegations contained in paragraphs Iran, and its associated terrorist group particular state or district, Usama bin 1 through 7 are repeated herein. Hezballah, for the purpose of working to- Laden, a/k/a ‘‘Usamah bin-Muhammad bin- 16. On or about August 7, 1998, in Nairobi, gether against their perceived common en- Ladin,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Shaykh Usamah bin-Ladin,’’ Kenya, and outside the jurisdiction of any emies in the West, particularly the United a/k/a ‘‘Abu Abdallah,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Mujahid particular state or district, Usama bin States. Shaykh,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Hajj,’’ a/k/a ‘‘al Qaqa,’’ a/k/ Laden, a/k/a ‘‘Usamah bin-Muhammad bin- a ‘‘the Director’’; Muhammad Atef, a/k/a Ladin,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Shaykh Usamah bin-Ladin,’’ COUNT ONE: THE CONSPIRACY TO KILL UNITED a/k/a ‘‘Abu Abdallah,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Mujahid STATES NATIONALS ‘‘Abu Hafs,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Abu Hafs el Masry,’’ a/k/ a ‘‘Abu Hafs el Masry el Khabir,’’ a/k/a Shaykh,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Hajj,’’ a/k/a ‘‘al Qaqa,’’ a/k/ 8. From at least 1991 until the date of the ‘‘Taysir,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Sheikh Taysir Abdullah’’; a ‘‘the Director’’; Muhammad Atef, a/k/a filing of this Indictment, in the Southern Fazul Abdullah Mohammed, a/k/a ‘‘Harun ‘‘Abu Hafs,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Abu Hafs el Masry,’’ a/k/ District of New York, in Afghanistan, Paki- Fazhl,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Fazhl Abdullah,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Fazhl a ‘‘Abu Hafs el Masry el Khabir,’’ a/k/a stan, the Sudan, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, So- Khan’’; Mohamed Sadeek Odeh, a/k/a ‘‘Abu ‘‘Taysir,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Sheikh Taysir Abdullah’’; malia, Kenya, Tanzania, the Philippines and Moath,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Noureldine,’’ a/k/a Fazul Abdullah Mohammed, a/k/a ‘‘Harun elsewhere out of the jurisdiction of any par- ‘‘Marwan,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Hydar’’; and Mohamed Fazhl,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Fazhl Abdullah,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Fazhl ticular state or district, Usama bin Laden, a/ Rashed Daoud al-’Owhali, a/k/a ‘‘Khalid Khan’’; Mohamed Sadeek Odeh, a/k/a ‘‘Abu k/a ‘‘Usamah Bin-Muhammad Bin-Ladin,’’ a/ Salim Saleh bin Rashed,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Moath,’’ a/ Moath,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Noureldine,’’ a/k/a k/a ‘‘Shaykh Usamah bin-Ladin,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Abu k/a ‘‘Abdul Jabbar Ali Abdel-Latif,’’ defend- ‘‘Marwan,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Hydar’’; and Mohamed Abdallah,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Mujahid Shaykh,’’ a/k/a ants, at least one of whom was first brought Rasheed Daoud al-’Owhali, a/k/a ‘‘Khalid ‘‘Hajj,’’ a/k/a ‘‘al Qaqa,’’ a/k/a ‘‘the Direc- to and arrested in the Southern District of Salim Saleh bin Rashed,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Moath,’’ a/ tor’’; Muhammad Atef, a/k/a ‘‘Abu Hafs,’’ a/k/ New York, and others known and unknown, k/a ‘‘Abdul Jabbar Ali Abdel-Latif,’’ defend- a ‘‘Abu Hafs el Masry,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Abu Hafs el unlawfully, willfully, and knowingly did ma- ants, at least one of whom was first brought Masry el Khabir,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Taysir,’’ a/k/a liciously damage and destroy, and attempted to and arrested in the Southern District of ‘‘Sheikh Taysir Abdullah’’; Wadih el Hage, a/ to damage and destroy, by means of fire and New York, and others known and unknown, k/a ‘‘Abdus Sabbur,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Abd al Sabbur,’’ an explosive, buildings, vehicles and other unlawfully, willfully, and knowingly did kill a/k/a ‘‘Norman,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Wa’da Norman’’; personal and real property in whole and in the persons listed below during the course of Fazul Abdullah Mohammed, a/k/a ‘‘Harun part owned and possessed by, and leased to, an attack on a federal facility involving the Fazhl,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Fazhl Abdullah,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Fazhl the United States, to wit, the defendants, to- use of a dangerous weapon, to wit, the de- Khan’’; Mohamed Sadeek Odeh, a/k/a ‘‘Abu gether with other members of al Qaeda, an fendants detonated an explosive device that Moath,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Noureldine,’’ a/k/a international terrorist organization, deto- damaged and destroyed the United States ‘‘Marwan,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Hydar’’; and Mohamed nated an explosive device that damaged and Embassy in Nairobi, Kenya, and as a result Rashed Daoud al-’Owhali, a/k/a ‘‘Khalid destroyed the United States Embassy in of such conduct directly and proximately Salim Saleh bin Rashed,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Moath,’’ a/ Nairobi, Kenya, and as a result of such con- caused the deaths of: k/a ‘‘Abdul Jabbar Ali Abdel-Latif,’’ defend- duct directly and proximately caused the ants at least one of whom was first brought Count Victim deaths of at least 213 persons, including Ken- to and arrested in the Southern District of yan and American citizens. 4 ...... Bontia Achola New York, together with other members and (Title 18, United States Code, Sections 5 ...... Samson Oduor Ahomo associates of al Qaeda and others known and 6 ...... Margaret Akinyi 844(f)(1), (f)(3), and 2.) unknown to the Grand Jury, unlawfully, 7 ...... Jesse Nathaniel Aliganga COUNT THREE: BOMBING OF THE UNITED STATES 8 ...... Sylia Ambasa willfully and knowingly combined, con- 9 ...... Elizabeth Anyango spired, confederated and agreed to kill na- EMBASSY IN DAR ES SALAAM, TANZANIA, RE- 10 ...... Monica Apondi tionals of the United States in violation of SULTING IN AT LEAST 11 DEATHS 11 ...... Patricia Atieno 12 ...... Allan Sabato Bando Title 18, United States Code, Section 2332(a). The Grand Jury further charges: 13 ...... Rosetta Baraza 9. The objectives of the conspiracy in- 13. The allegations contained in paragraphs 14 ...... Julian Leotis Bartley, Jr. cluded: (i) killing United States nationals 1 through 7 are repeated herein. 15 ...... Julian Leotis Bartley, Sr. 16 ...... Chrispine Bonyo employed by the United States military who 14. On or about August 7, 1998, in Dar es Sa- 17 ...... Daniel Kiprono Cheruiyot were serving in Somalia and on the Saudi laam, Tanzania, and outside the jurisdiction 18 ...... Jean Dalizu

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Count Victim Count Victim Moath,’’ a/k/a/ ‘‘Noureldine,’’ a/k/a/ ‘‘Marwan,’’ a/k/a/ ‘‘Hydar’’; and Mohamed 19 ...... Sheikh Fahat 133 ...... Joyce Njeri Ng’ang’a Rashed Daoud al-’Owhali, a/k/a/ ‘‘Khalid 20 ...... Eva Nyanjau Gacheru 134 ...... John Mwangi Ngaragari 21 ...... Jane Wangui Gacheru 135 ...... Peter Macharia Ngugi Salim Saleh Bin Rashed,’’ a/k/a/ ‘‘Moath,’’ a/ 22 ...... Alice Nduta Gachiri 136 ...... Abel Mugambi Njau k/a/ ‘‘Abdul Jabbar Ali Abdel-Latif,’’ defend- 23 ...... Raphael Johnson Gathumbi 137 ...... Simon Mwangi Njima ants, at least one of whom was first brought 24 ...... Agnes Wanjiru Gitau 138 ...... Catherine Wambara Njoka 25 ...... Lawrence Ambrose Gitau 139 ...... Agatha Njoki to and arrested in the Southern District of 26 ...... Joel Kamau Githumbi 140 ...... Jacinta Njoki New York, and others known and unknown, 27 ...... Benard Mugambi Gitonga 141 ...... Francis Ndungu Njoroge unlawfully, willfully, and knowingly did kill 28 ...... Susan Wairimu Gitu 142 ...... Grace Nyambura Njoroge 29 ...... Rosemary Njeri Gituma 143 ...... William Waithaka Njoroge the persons listed below during the course of 30 ...... Hassan Hukay Guracha 144 ...... Godfrey Muchori Njuguna an attack on a federal facility involving the 31 ...... Burhan Aden Hanshi 145 ...... Patrick Njuguna use of a dangerous weapon, to wit, the de- 32 ...... Molly H. Hardy 146 ...... Beatric Nyambura 33 ...... Kenneth Ray Hobson 147 ...... Michael Oduor Nyandeba fendants detonated an explosive device that 34 ...... Anthony Kihato Irungu 148 ...... Elizabeth Nyarotso damaged and destroyed the United States 35 ...... George Irungu 149 ...... Vincent Kamau Nyoike Embassy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and as 36 ...... Jane Wangari Itotia 150 ...... Janet Ndoome Nzioka 37 ...... Dorine Aluoch Jow 151 ...... Kimeu Nzioka a result of such conduct directly and proxi- 38 ...... John Karoki Kahuthu 152 ...... Magdaline Mbithe Nzioka mately caused the deaths of: 39 ...... Geoffrey Kaleo 153 ...... Joseph Ngove Nzwili 40 ...... Francis Kihara Kamuti 154 ...... Margret Atieno Obonya Count Victim 41 ...... Lawrence Gitau Kamuti 155 ...... Joshua Aneah Obonyo 42 ...... Margaret Wanjiku Kangi 156 ...... Fredrick Ebra Ochieng 217 ...... Abdulahaman Abdulah 43 ...... Charles Mugo Karanja 157 ...... Michael Ochieng 44 ...... Lucy Nyawira Karigi 218 ...... Elisha Paulo Elia 158 ...... Francis Olewe Ochilo 219 ...... Hassan Siyad Harane 45 ...... Moses Kariuki 159 ...... Lawrence Olum Ochoka 46 ...... Christine Wairumu Karumba 220 ...... Ramadhani H. Mahundi 160 ...... Ann Michelle O’Connor 221 ...... Mtendeje Rajabu Mbegu 47 ...... Prabhi Kavaler 161 ...... Duncan Odhiambo 48 ...... Francis Kibe 222 ...... Abdallah Mohamed 162 ...... Emma Odhiambo 223 ...... Abas William Mwila 49 ...... Jackline Nyawira Kibera 163 ...... John Odhiambo Oduor 50 ...... Felistus Njeri Kimani 224 ...... Almosaria Yussuf Mzee 164 ...... Maurice Okach Oholla 225 ...... Shamte Yusuph Ndale 51 ...... Rael Mburi Kimani 165 ...... Simon Otieno Olang 52 ...... Stephen Maina Kimani 226 ...... Bakari Yusuph Nyumbo 166 ...... Sherry Lynn Olds 227 ...... Dotto Seleman 53 ...... Simon Kinuthia 167 ...... Kitalian Olotono 54 ...... Joe Kiongo 168 ...... Hanson Nyabera Omae 55 ...... Arlene Bradley Kirk 169 ...... Hindu Omari (Title 18, United States Code, Sections 56 ...... Frnacis Kabathi Kiu 170 ...... Edwin Omori 57 ...... Dominic Kivuva 171 ...... Enock Omweno 930(c) and 2.) 58 ...... David Ndula Koimburi 172 ...... Lucy Onono 59 ...... Julian Kwali 173 ...... Eric Obur Onyango * * * * * * 60 ...... Peter Mbevi Kyelo 174 ...... John Ouko Onyango . . . stated to a Special Agent of the Fed- 61 ...... Moses Muli Kyule 175 ...... Caroline Opati eral Bureau of Investigation that he had 62 ...... Emmanuel Machambele 176 ...... Silvia Oriendo 63 ...... Denis R. Madegwa 177 ...... Godfrey Okoro Orono never heard that ‘‘Abu Ubaidah al Banshiri,’’ 64 ...... Ann Mumbi Maina 178 ...... Elizabeth Achieng Orwa a military commander for Usama Bin Laden, 65 ...... Frank Maina 179 ...... Evans Osongo had died when in truth and fact WADI EL 66 ...... Lidiah Ndinda Maingi 180 ...... Dominic Alango Otieno 67 ...... Cecelia Mamboleo 181 ...... Elias Otieno HAGE knew that ‘‘Abu Ubaidah al Banshiri’’ 68 ...... Mary Louise Martin 182 ...... Julius Otieno had died in Kenya in 1996. 69 ...... James Otieno Masea 183 ...... Mathew Walunya Otieno (Title 18, United States Code, Section 1001.) 70 ...... Anne Nyambura Mathenge 184 ...... Rogers Otoro 71 ...... Pity Mwihaki Mathenge 185 ...... Elijah Ngito Owino COUNT 238: FALSE STATEMENTS 72 ...... Simon Peter Ngumo Matu 186 ...... Josiah Odera Owuor 73 ...... June Mary Maweu 187 ...... Rachael Pussy 38. On or about August 20, 1998, in Dallas, 74 ...... Lydia Mukuri Mayaka 188 ...... Margret Llello Rading Texas, and Arlington, Texas, the defendant 75 ...... Doreen Mbayaki 189 ...... Ruth Mukami Rungu Wadih el Hage, a/k/a/ ‘‘Abdus Sabbur,’’ a/k/a/ 76 ...... Francis Mbogo 190 ...... Joseph Ondari Salamba 77 ...... Francis Ndungu Mbogua 191 ...... Timothy Odhiambo Sande ‘‘Abd al Sabbur,’’ a/k/a/ ‘‘Norman,’’ a/k/a/ 78 ...... Rachael Kabendi Mboya 192 ...... Uttamlal Thomas Shah ‘‘Wa’da Norman,’’ in a matter within the ju- 79 ...... Lucy Waruthi Mbunya 193 ...... Hassan Jarso Soka risdiction of the executive branch of the gov- 80 ...... Stephen Waweru Mburu 194 ...... Shadrack Nyaga Thito 81 ...... James Mathenge Migwi 195 ...... Samuel Mbugua Thuo ernment, to wit, a criminal investigation 82 ...... Elizabeth Onyango Mito 196 ...... Phaema Vrontamis based in the Southern District of New York, 83 ...... Ahmed Warko Mohammed 197 ...... Gloria Wangechi Wachira unlawfully, wilfully and knowingly, did 84 ...... Luciano Mugambi 198 ...... Shadrack Mwangi Maganyu 85 ...... Justus Njeru Mugendi 199 ...... James Mwangi Wainaina make materially false statements and rep- 86 ...... Gilbert Mugo 200 ...... Teresia Kiongo Wairimu resentations, to wit, the defendant falsely 87 ...... Peter Irungu Mugo 201 ...... Sabena Walter stated to a Special Agent of the Federal bu- 88 ...... Josphat Mutua Muia 202 ...... Adams Wamai 89 ...... Edward Mukaya 203 ...... Rachel Wambui reau of Investigation that he did not know 90 ...... Loise Njeri Mukoma 204 ...... John Gitau Wamutwe Mohamed Sadeek Odeh and did not recognize 91 ...... Samuel Vondo Mulalia 205 ...... David Soita Wanabacha his photograph when in truth and fact el 92 ...... Francis Mukenye Muleki 206 ...... John Amos Wangai 93 ...... Thomas Mundanyi 207 ...... Sharon Wangechi Hage knew Mohamed Sadeek Odeh. 94 ...... Benson Wathigu Muniri 208 ...... Gladys Wangui (Title 18, United States Code, Section 1001.) 95 ...... Caroline Mumbi Muraguri 209 ...... Margaret Wangui MARY JO WHITE, 96 ...... Tirus Muraguri 210 ...... Mercy Wanjiku 97 ...... Catherine Mureithi 211 ...... John Mwangi Wanyoike United States Attorney. 98 ...... Frida Wambui Muritu 212 ...... Margaret Wasike 99 ...... Alice Waruguru Muriuki 213 ...... Margret Njeri Waweru The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- 100 ...... Mary Wanjiku Muriuki 214 ...... Fredrick Maloba Yafes ator from Delaware. 101 ...... Robert Migwi Muriuki 215 ...... Ann Mumo Zakayo 102 ...... Ruth Mwkai Musyoka 216 ...... Unidentified male Mr. BIDEN. I yield to the Senator 103 ...... Wilson Kipkorir Mutai from Vermont, Mr. LEAHY. 104 ...... Florence Mwende Muthama 105 ...... Emmanuel Njaga Muthuria (Title 18, United States Code, Sections The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- 106 ...... Daniel Maundu Mutinda 930(c) and 2.) ator from Vermont. 107 ...... Josphine Nzilani Mutinda 108 ...... Catherine Ndumi Mutua COUNTS TWO HUNDRED SEVENTEEN THROUGH Mr. LEAHY. Madam President, I ap- 109 ...... Caroline Karambo Mutuiiri TWO HUNDRED TWENTY SEVEN: MURDERS IN plaud the Senators from Delaware and 110 ...... Gloria Ngatha Mutuiiri DAR ES SALAAM, TANZANIA 111 ...... Geofrey Munyiri Mutunga North Carolina for leading the debate 112 ...... Patrick Kariuki Muturi 17. The allegations contained in paragraphs on this resolution and, of course, our 113 ...... Gabriel Mwandime 1 through 7 are repeated herein. 114 ...... Harrison Njuguna Mwangi leaders, Senator DASCHLE and Senator 18. On or about August 7, 1998, in Dar es Sa- 115 ...... Naftali Mwangi OTT 116 ...... Roseline Wanjiku Mwangi laam, Tanzania, and outside the jurisdiction L , for bringing this resolution be- 117 ...... Samuel Githua Mwangi of any particular state or district, Usama bin fore the Senate. 118 ...... Moses Aston Mwani 119 ...... Ann Mwaniki Laden, a/k/a ‘‘Usamah bin-Muhammad bin- Most Senators will speak on the floor 120 ...... Isack Mugera Mwaria Ladin,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Shaykh Usamah bin-Ladin,’’ about yesterday’s tragedy. It perhaps 121 ...... Pamela Mboya Mwenge a/k/a ‘‘Abu Abdallah,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Mujahid 122 ...... Edwin Mungai Mweya is impossible for the men and women of 123 ...... Abdalla Musyoki Mwilu Shaykh,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Hajj,’’ a/k/a ‘‘al Qaqa,’’ a/k/ this body to say all the things that can 124 ...... Nkruma Tonny Myizala a ‘‘the Director’’; Muhammad Atef, a/k/a be said and should be said. The 100 of 125 ...... Moses Namayi ‘‘Abu Hafs,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Abu Hafs el Masry,’’ a/k/ 126 ...... Mary Nyaga Ndirango us, though, are given the duty and the 127 ...... Caroline Ndolo a ‘‘Abu Hafs el Masry el Khabir,’’ a/k/a 128 ...... Martin K. Nduati ‘‘Taysir,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Sheikh Taysir Abdullah’’; honor to speak for over 260 million 129 ...... Julius Ndulu Fazul Abdullah Mohammed, a/k/a ‘‘Harun Americans. I know in my case my wife 130 ...... Edwin Paul Ndumbi 131 ...... Ephrahim Kingori Ndungu Fazhl,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Fazhl Abdullah,’’ a/k/a ‘‘Fazhl Marcelle and I, like all Vermonters, 132 ...... Peter Njoroge Ndungu Khan’’; Mohamed Sadeek Odeh, a/k/a/ ‘‘Abu pray for the victims of these heinous

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:16 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A12SE6.012 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9297 acts. We also pray for their loved ones tacked, ‘‘a date which will live in in- and heard the news about the bombing who remain behind. famy.’’ Almost 60 years later, Ameri- of Pearl Harbor. As one of the staff edi- The heart of every American aches cans face such another day and chal- tors of the afternoon 6-day-a-week for those who died or have been in- lenge to our democracy. Just as the newspaper in Raleigh, NC, we prevailed jured. Think how the families and people of this country became united in upon the then publisher of The Raleigh friends feel. I know that in my own World War II, we must unite against Times to publish an ‘‘extra’’—and it State, the head of the Roman Catholic the cowardice of evil and terrorism. As was the last ‘‘extra″ newspaper pub- diocese, Bishop Angell, has been lead- our leaders said this morning: We stand lished in the State of North Carolina, ing his congregation in prayer while here not as Republicans or Democrats, to my knowledge. I recall that we sold his heart aches knowing that his broth- we stand together. approximately 12,000, which pleased the er and his sister-in-law died on one of We will be supportive of our Presi- management of the newspaper. the hijacked planes. Can you imagine dent, our institutions and of each other After the paper was put to bed, I the grief? because a challenge to our freedom is walked up the street to the Raleigh All day yesterday, last night and this going to be answered by the strength of post office and into the Navy recruit- morning, I have heard from my fellow our democracy. Trial by fire can refine ing station to volunteer. I did pretty Vermonters by phone and by Internet. us or it can coarsen us. If we hold to well, but was turned down because of I hear from my friends and members of our ideals, then it strengthens us. Our my hearing in my left ear. I recall my my staff of the losses they have suf- people, our values, our institutions are disappointment. But over in the corner fered of family and friends. I think of strong. President Roosevelt spoke of was a regular Navy chief petty officer. my own children, each one of whom the arsenal of democracy. That arse- Mr. President, I have never met a chief were trying to call Washington yester- nal—our ideals, our values, our free- petty officer of the regular Navy who day when all the phones were jammed, dom, our community, our humanity— didn’t talk out of one side of his to find out where their mother and I sustains us and propels us forward. As mouth. were. You can replicate that for hun- much as our military weaponry these He said: ‘‘Hey, boy, come over here.’’ dreds of thousands of people around the ideals are the arsenal of democracy. I went. country. Let nobody outside our shores have He said: ‘‘You want to get in this We have tried to answer those calls. any question about this: Americans are man’s Navy?’’ We have tried to get the answers for united. All the free world, all civilized I said: ‘‘Yes, sir.’’ them and so often the answers are ter- nations, all caring people will join to- He said: ‘‘I have some friends in rible ones. gether at this difficult time. It has BUPERS.’’ I did not know what I listened to the news a little after 5 meant so much to hear the calls from BUPERS was, but I later found it was this morning. I heard the name of a around the world. Bureau of Naval Personnel in Wash- friend of mine who went into the World Our values, our resolve, our commit- ington. I thought he was pulling my Trade building to help with the rescue ment, our sense of community will leg, but it turned out that he was not, and the building came down—and he serve us well. I am confident that, as a because about 2 months later, I re- died with hundreds of New York fire- nation, we will seek and serve justice. ceived a waiver; I was sworn into the fighters, police and FMS personnel. Our Nation, my neighbors and friends Navy and went to San Diego for 2 or 3 I have said for so many years that in in Vermont demand no less, but we months’ boot camp. a democracy like ours, terrorism must not let the terrorists win. If we Which is beside the point, except to should not be our Achilles heel. It is abandon our democracy to battle them, say that the recruiting station that clear that now more than ever we have they win. If we forget our role as the Sunday afternoon, December 7, 1941, to concentrate on the terrorist threat. world’s leader to defeat them, they was filled with young men, all wanting I applaud the Democratic and the Re- win. And we will win. We will maintain to defend their country. A lot of them publican leaders of the House and Sen- our democracy, and with justice, we did not know where Pearl Harbor was ate for bringing us back into session will use our strength. or what Pearl Harbor was, but they We will not lose our commitment to today. came anyhow because they realized the rule of law, no matter how much As our Capitol was evacuated yester- that their country had been attacked the provocation, because that rule of day, as I stood out here on the plaza unfairly. law has protected us throughout the and saw people coming out of our Mr. President, that is the reason we centuries. It has created our democ- buildings, I said: Lord, let us get back won the war; that was a time when the racy. It has made us what we are in in there as soon as possible for if we let accepted and effective policy of the history. We are a just and good nation. terrorism shut down our democracy, United States of America was to seek We will remain a just and good nation, then terrorism wins. We had to say to but we are a nation capable of a ter- out and find and, when necessary, de- the American people that we were here rible fury, and our enemies must know stroy the leaders of forces resorting to today, including our loyal and brave that. Madam President, our enemies violent harm to the American people. That policy was in effect, as I say, on staff. will know that. I was proud to be in my seat rep- I yield the floor. December 7, but in the years following, resenting Vermont when we opened the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- some in political circles decided to sub- Senate and this building today. We ator from North Carolina. stitute only a vague warning to those know that quite possibly this building Mr. HELMS. Madam President, I making threats by crashing airliners was the target of the plane that yield myself 10 minutes, and I ask loaded with innocent Americans. crashed, but we know that this build- unanimous consent that I be permitted Mr. President, I was encouraged to ing must be opened because the peo- to deliver my remarks seated at my hear the President of the United States ple’s business is done here. No country, desk. last evening and again this morning and no terrorist, no matter how evil, The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without say, in effect, we are going to get them; no matter how twisted, no matter how objection, it is so ordered. they are not going to get by with it. diabolic can close the symbols of U.S. Mr. HELMS. Madam President, I That was the attitude in 1941 when democracy or what we do. Just as the have counted the number of today’s Franklin Roosevelt—and I am the only brave men and women of our Armed U.S. Senators who were around on De- one present in this Chamber at the mo- Forces will not stop because of this cember 7, 1941. There are not many of ment who heard FDR say ‘‘this is a day dastardly attack on the Pentagon. us. Many present members of the Sen- that will live in infamy.’’ And, just as the people in New York ate were not born. The Honorable Well, Mr. President, yesterday was City who make up the fiber of inge- STROM THURMOND was indeed around, another day that must live in infamy. nuity, innovation, economics, and and bless his heart, I am so pleased the Not since the war of 1812 has the city of learning in our country. The rest of the able senior Senator from South Caro- Washington been attacked by a hostile country will pick up the torch. lina is still here and active. adversary. The attack on Pearl Harbor, Franklin Roosevelt called December I remember that Sunday on Decem- of course, matched yesterday’s cow- 7, 1941, the day Pearl Harbor was at- ber 7, 1941, when we came out of church ardly actions in both surprise and

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 01:17 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.031 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9298 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 swiftness that occurred yesterday. The We pledge today our whole hearted through that building for over 20 years, losses are perhaps more enormous yes- support for President Bush and his and I fear for the many whose paths I terday; in number in terms of innocent commitment to hunt down those re- crossed there because of potentially lives, than those astronomical numbers sponsible for these atrocities and to unspeakable horrors. in 1941 at Pearl Harbor. punish them in a way that is commen- Equally shocking, it is just as dif- The policy I have just mentioned—of surate with their horrible acts. ficult to imagine hijacked airliners going after adversaries of the United At the same time we are committing being taken from Newark International States of America—was in effect on De- ourselves to provide the resources our Airport, where I have traveled literally cember 7, but somewhere along the line government and our President may thousands of times. But these shocks it began to dissipate after World War need as Commander in Chief to wage a and circumstances which are not only II. The mind-set in some political cir- war to eradicate terrorism. I am personal to me but to everyone cannot cles gradually was substituted for a pleased the Senate is united in this re- allow us as a nation to weaken our re- two-fisted warning to the mean, cruel solve to help ensure that we will do all solve. terrorists who made their threats yes- we are able to do to ensure these trage- I boil with anger at what has oc- terday by crashing airliners loaded dies are never repeated. curred and share with my country men with innocent Americans into public I thank the distinguished Senator. and women the belief that we will leave buildings in New York City and Wash- Mr. BIDEN. I thank the Senator from no stone unturned tracking down those ington. Mississippi. responsible for these acts. I, too, join That was the kind of terrorists who Madam President, I yield 5 minutes, in a chorus that says we must hold all created that disaster yesterday; I hope or slightly more if he needs it, to the accountable, including those who har- I will live to see the day when it will Senator from New Jersey. I thank him bor these criminals and give them aid once again be the unmistakable policy for accommodating the Senator from and comfort. They have no clean of the United States of America to California as well. hands. search for and find that kind of sneaky The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Our Nation was born of strife and the slimy terrorist who created this morn- ator from New Jersey. horrors of war, but we built a country ing’s headlines by crashing those air- Mr. CORZINE. Madam President, I with the brick and mortar of freedom planes and creating destruction and thank you for this opportunity to and democracy. That is what we have disaster and bloodshed and loss of lives. speak. I am awestruck by the passion I to defend. We have defended over the Senator KAY BAILEY HUTCHISON men- feel among all of the Senators in this centuries the fundamental liberties tioned the young lady who called her Chamber. that make us so strong and, as spoken husband from one of the planes on her Today, America’s people in the civ- about so eloquently, including the rule cell phone. All of us had seen her many ilized world join hands and hearts to of law. We have become the world’s times on television and enjoyed her share our grief and our love and to lone superpower, the world’s beacon of talent—and she will be missed. But I steel our will. First for victims, we freedom because of those bricks and hope Americans will again be two- share our grief. We share our love with mortar that built the American dream. fisted, standing together. the ones who are the heroes of rescue, It is our responsibility at this mo- President Bush laid down the bill of and we truly steel our will against the ment in time to stand strong on those particulars, and I believe he is going to evil actors of terrorism. principles. It motivates us and moves say let us get back in the game and In my home State of New Jersey, us to be ever vigilant, protecting our punish these cruel terrorists. there are unknown numbers of families security and freedoms. We fought too I intend to do my best as a United heartbroken with the horror of yester- hard and, frankly, we care too much. States Senator to encourage and sup- day’s tragedy. The personal friendships Millions of men and women have sac- plement such a revival of a policy that and relationships affected in my own rificed their lives over time to secure once protected the lives and property life are acutely painful. As do all of my those freedoms. Yesterday, others of innocent American people. FDR was colleagues, from the bottom of my joined in that sacrifice. We honor right, December 7, 1941, was a day of in- heart I extend my deepest condolences them, but we must not be deterred. Our famy, and yesterday, September 11, to the families and friends of the vic- resolve must be strengthened. 2001, was also a day of infamy. tims and to the courageous men and I want to make sure we do every- We must stand together and vote to- women whose life’s work has been to thing we can to bring those who are re- gether and never be deterred in our ef- protect us, to rescue us in time of need. sponsible to justice, but we must be forts to put an end to this sort of thing, In this moment of grief, we must and just as strong to make sure we rebuild wherever it happens around this world. we will stand together as families, as and move forward in a sure and certain I yield back the remainder of my communities, as one Nation. way. time. Yesterday, America came under at- I know one aspect of that in the fi- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- tack in a manner none of us thought nancial world, and I am clear in my ator from Delaware. imaginable. Our freedoms and liberties own mind that we will not hesitate, Mr. BIDEN. Madam President, I say were challenged by cowardly, faceless that we will not step back and we will to my colleague from North Carolina, fanatics who thought nothing of killing marshal every resource to make sure we have on our side 10 minutes now, innocent people, women and children, things will move forward, and they but one of our colleagues has to go to hard-working men and women who will. California and one up to New Jersey dedicated their lives to believing in the As we move forward from this trag- because of so many folks involved in American promise, the American edy, we must capture and hold those the Trade Tower. If they can split their dream, the values that we all cherish responsible, but the positive is where 10 minutes, will it be all right to have in a society. our hearts must be. But we will never them go in succession? I spoke with the In response to those attacks and this forget. Senator from Mississippi about this. challenge, we need to be united in pur- Yesterday, Lady Liberty stood in our Mr. HELMS. That is fine. pose to move swiftly, surely, thought- harbor, the New York/ New Jersey Har- Mr. BIDEN. I understand the Senator fully, to uncompromising justice. I bor, and watched unspeakable horrors from Mississippi has a statement he know we all recoil with horror as we unfold, but today she stands tall. And wishes to make first. think of those who died in the destruc- so shall we, Madam President. I thank Mr. COCHRAN. Madam President, I tion of the World Trade Center. It was you. thank the Senator for yielding to me. a true symbol of America’s financial The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- The resolution before the Senate and economic strength, just as cer- ator from California is recognized. should be considered by those who have tainly as the Pentagon represents our Mrs. BOXER. Madam President, I planned and perpetrated the heinous military strength. thank my dear friend, my eloquent attacks in New York City and Wash- I worked for many years in that friend, my chairman of the Foreign Re- ington as more than a warning. It is a neighborhood I saw buried under the lations Committee, for this oppor- promise that will be kept. rubble yesterday. In fact, I commuted tunity and for his eloquence, indeed,

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 01:17 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.034 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9299 his vigilance on this topic. I am proud cause of their nationality. People were brothers, sons, and daughters waiting to be on his committee and to head his killed yesterday because they were for word. Subcommittee on Terrorism. Americans. People were killed not be- Yesterday I was on the phone to the Today, I rise with pain in my heart cause they were bad people —they were husband and daughter of a woman—a and great emotion to offer my prayers good people—they were killed because friend—lost in the second flight to pen- and my condolences for the people in they were Americans. etrate the World Trade Center. The this country who have been directly hit It is time for us to say we will fight pain and depth of loss in their voices by an act of war, people of my State of and stand up for them and their memo- was excruciating. And the helplessness my birth, New York, looking at that ries. We will take a stand against inhu- to do anything but to share that pain skyline, the people who work at the manity that occurred on our own soil. and offer comfort brought an even Pentagon every day, who have chosen We are resolved to honor those who deeper sense of anger and resolve for to work to protect our Nation, and the died. We are resolved to make our Na- the acts that occurred. people of California who were on those tion as safe as it can be from those But it is also critical that all of us planes that were hijacked and, of acts. We are resolved to hold those who remember, as we talk about responses, course, to every other individual who planned these attacks and who harbor and war against terrorism, that our was directly affected, and all of us will these people absolutely 100-percent ac- rhetoric be matched by our actions. If have our stories. countable. We will hold them account- indeed there is a war against terrorism, I first thank the people of California able. They must pay because this is the I remind my colleagues that in a war for their outpouring of love and sup- test of a civilized nation. We lead the the first shots are never the last, the port for the people of this country. civilized nations of the world. We will first strike is never the worst. There were vigils, there were prayer not back down. What happened yesterday was ter- services in every denomination yester- I stand proudly with my colleagues rible and horrendous, but we must pre- day. There was an outpouring of people on both sides of the aisle and with our pare ourselves and steel ourselves for giving blood. President. We will be resolved to do ev- the possibility of worse until we People did not know what to do. The erything—and do it well and do it achieve our goal. And to do that we L.A. County Search and Rescue Team right—to bring justice in the world. have to be more prepared than we are somehow got a plane at 4 a.m. They Thank you. today, and we have to take the fight boarded on that plane and they are on The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- wherever we need to, and in ways that the ground in Manhattan. Indeed, we ator from Delaware. we are, frankly, not yet prepared. are one country east coast to west, Mr. BIDEN. Madam President, we I will say, from personal experience, north to south. I have never seen such have a long list. I ask unanimous con- when you are in a war, you do not unity. sent that the next person on the list be throw money at the enemy; it’s bullets One of our colleagues said we remem- Senator KERRY to speak for 5 minutes or other actions that are real. We can- ber where we were when tragedy hit and that we extend the recess for an not guarantee that some fanatic is not this country. In my lifetime, I remem- additional 5 minutes. going to find a way to upset civilized ber too many things—not as many Mr. WELLSTONE. Madam President, order. But we can guarantee that any- things as perhaps Senators who are I was interested in the order. one facilitating or associated with such older, but I certainly remember where Mr. BIDEN. The order after that is an act will pay the highest price. I was when I saw John Kennedy go HOLLINGS, FEINSTEIN, DURBIN, KEN- There are few organizations that down and Martin Luther King go down, NEDY, LIEBERMAN, WYDEN, and could achieve what happened yester- the Challenger disaster, and yesterday WELLSTONE. day. We know who they are. We know the image of our planes, commercial Mr. WELLSTONE. Thank you, who supports them. We should demand American planes, four of them, going Madam President. that those people cooperate with us in down crashing into buildings, being The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without turning them over to us. used as lethal weapons against our peo- objection, it is so ordered. Finally, it is important for the world ple—an image that has shaken us but The Senator from Massachusetts is to see that we will go back imme- has not shaken our resolve. recognized for up to 5 minutes. diately to the business of a great de- Once I was on a plane that was in Mr. KERRY. I thank the Chair. I mocracy. We must—all of us—be back some type of mechanical trouble. We thank my colleague. at the work of our Nation. We must had to make an unscheduled landing. Madam President, never in the time I show that our effort to build a better For an hour we really didn’t know if we have been here—and perhaps in the country goes on, the mission of edu- were going to make it. In that time, modern history of the Senate—has any cating our children for full citizenship passengers were consoling each other of us come to the floor with such a goes on, the job of making our country and getting out their fears, attendants weight as today, with our hearts lit- stronger goes on. were reading the crash landing manu- erally heavy and aching with the pain I believe one of the first things we als. I reached for the phone. I called my of what we have witnessed and what we should commit to as a country, with family. I left a message. I thought: Did know so many families are experi- Federal help, that underscores our Na- I tell them before how much they mean encing today, and also with a sense of tion’s purpose, is to rebuild the towers to me? All I could think of yesterday outrage at the loss of every innocent of the World Trade Center and to show was about the people on those planes, citizen and every single person who the world that we are not afraid; we every one of whom had a family. Basi- went to work expecting a normal day, are defiant. cally, as I understand it, they knew every police officer who put themselves To those who might say, ‘‘why create they were going to go down, and in into harm’s way, every fireman who another target?’’ The answer is simple: many cases, as I understand, were tried to save a life and lost their own, If we are indeed at war with terrorism, being told if they wanted to call their and at the astonishing number of their there is no shortage of targets in the families, they were crashing. The utter loss with the experience of a breach in United States. There is a White House, terror, the utter callousness of this, their special brotherhood and sister- and a Capitol, and countless other tall the inhumanity of this, is unbearable, hood that can never be healed, the loss buildings. This is not a question of tar- what our people went through on those of emergency personnel. These losses gets; it is a question of strength and of planes and then those innocent people are felt by all of us in a very special, our national resolve to stand up and working in the Pentagon and the World personal, and searing way. show our strength. That is the best Trade Center. It is also fair to say that all of us monument we could build to those who I am going to make a very strong have a deep feeling of outrage and re- died yesterday. statement. When we look back into sentment for the killing of our inno- In Massachusetts, Madam President, history and what happened in Bosnia, cent citizens, for the attack against we particularly grieve and feel the full people suffered genocide because of our country, for the fear and panic we measure of what happened yesterday. their nationality, and to the Holo- saw in the faces and voices of our peo- Two of those flights came out of our caust, people suffered annihilation be- ple; children crying; parents, wives, airport. Many of those people on those

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:16 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.037 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9300 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 flights—the vast majority of them— There is a sufficient second. to yesterday’s matters? May I ask the came from our State. The yeas and nays were ordered. leader? So to all of those who currently Mr. DASCHLE. Madam President, I Mr. DASCHLE. Madam President, if I await word or those who know because ask that all Senators take their desks may respond, under the previous unani- of the nature of the flights, we extend and that we vote from our desks on mous consent request, two of our Re- our deepest condolences and we grieve this resolution. I appreciate the co- publican colleagues had sought rec- together as citizens of Massachusetts operation from both sides. ognition and we had locked in time for and of this great country. I yield the floor. those two speakers prior to the time I thank the Chair. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The we recess. That will still be the order. question is on the engrossment and Mr. THOMPSON. I thank the leader. f third reading of the joint resolution. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- RECESS The joint resolution was ordered to ator from Tennessee. be engrossed for a third reading and Mr. THOMPSON. Madam President, The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under we meet here today to express our out- the previous order, the Senate stands was read the third time. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The joint rage even though words cannot express in recess until the hour of 1:45. resolution having been read the third the sorrow and anger that fills our Thereupon, the Senate, at 12:54 p.m., time, the question is, Shall the joint hearts. But we must express these feel- recessed until 1:44 p.m. and reassem- resolution pass? The yeas and nays ings—on behalf of the family and bled when called to order by the Pre- have been ordered. friends of thousands of innocent vic- siding Officer (Ms. STABENOW). The clerk will call the roll. tims, many whose identities we do not f The legislative clerk called the roll. yet know—and on behalf of our entire nation. ORDER OF PROCEDURE The result was announced—yeas 100, nays 0, as follows: Our young people must wonder why The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- [Rollcall Vote No. 277 Leg.] the United States who they are taught ator from Nevada. YEAS—100 is the beacon of hope and liberty for Mr. REID. Madam President, I ask the world—why we of all countries— Akaka Durbin McCain unanimous consent that the recess Allard Edwards McConnell should be the world’s main target of originally scheduled to end at 3 o’clock Allen Ensign Mikulski such savagery. be extended to the hour of 3:30 today. Baucus Enzi Miller I suggest it is because those teach- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Bayh Feingold Murkowski ings to our young people are true. It is Bennett Feinstein Murray objection, it is so ordered. Biden Fitzgerald Nelson (FL) because our history and the principles Mr. REID. I suggest the absence of a Bingaman Frist Nelson (NE) on which our country was founded go quorum. Bond Graham Nickles against the trend of thousands of years Boxer Gramm Reed of human history. Thousands of years The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Breaux Grassley Reid clerk will call the roll. Brownback Gregg Roberts of ‘‘might makes right,’’ of rulers and The legislative clerk proceeded to Bunning Hagel Rockefeller dictatorships of all shapes and forms, call the roll. Burns Harkin Santorum of religious intolerance and subjuga- Byrd Hatch Sarbanes tion. We have shown the world that it Mr. REID. Madam President, I ask Campbell Helms Schumer unanimous consent the order for the Cantwell Hollings Sessions doesn’t have to be that way. And to- quorum call be rescinded. Carnahan Hutchinson Shelby day’s tyrants and would-be tyrants Carper Hutchison Smith (NH) cannot afford to let that example The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Chafee Inhofe Smith (OR) objection, it is so ordered. Cleland Inouye Snowe stand. Mr. REID. Madam President, the Clinton Jeffords Specter But stand it will. If this giant, Amer- order now before the Senate is that Cochran Johnson Stabenow ica, has been sleeping as some say, it Collins Kennedy Stevens when the vote is completed, we will go has been awakened once again and will Conrad Kerry Thomas not rest until an example is make of into recess until 3:30 today. Corzine Kohl Thompson Prior to the recess before the noon Craig Kyl Thurmond those who would murder our innocent Crapo Landrieu Torricelli citizens and tear at the very fabric of luncheon, there were two Democrats Daschle Leahy Voinovich who had spoken, so now the Repub- our national existence. Part of a great Dayton Levin Warner nation’s responsibility for keeping licans have the opportunity to speak DeWine Lieberman Wellstone peace in the world is the threat it must twice. Two Republicans would like to Dodd Lincoln Wyden Domenici Lott pose to those who would upset that do that prior to the recess beginning. Dorgan Lugar peace. Therefore, we must act as a de- If there is no objection, I ask unani- The joint resolution (S.J. Res. 22) terrent to outrageous activity when mous consent that two Republicans be was passed. our interests are involved. allowed to speak for up to 10 minutes The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ma- And America’s response in this mat- each prior to the recess beginning. jority leader. ter should set a lasting example of The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Mr. DASCHLE. For the information what happens to those who unleash objection, it is so ordered. of all Senators, this will be the only bloody attacks especially on our own Mr. REID. I suggest the absence of a vote cast today. We will stand in recess soil. quorum. until 3:30 this afternoon to accommo- The time for carefully measured pin- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The date the briefing that begins—now at prick responses to terrorists activities clerk will call the roll. 2:30, not 2 o’clock, in room 407. has passed. The legislative clerk proceeded to Tomorrow it is my hope to renew the But we in this body and in the House call the roll. deliberations and hopefully complete do not have the luxury of simply ex- Mr. DASCHLE. Madam President, I our work on the Commerce-Justice- pressing our outrage demanding ret- ask unanimous consent the order for State appropriations bill. That will be ribution. We, along with the President, the quorum call be dispensed with. tomorrow. set policy and we must quickly rec- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without After 3:30 this afternoon, we invite oncile ourselves to some of things that objection, it is so ordered. Senators to come back to the floor to we must do. f express themselves if they have not yet Since our victory in the cold war, we had the opportunity to do so. have become somewhat complacent in TERRORIST ATTACKS AGAINST I yield the floor. the notion that the most significant THE UNITED STATES—Continued The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- danger to our nation has passed. We see Mr. DASCHLE. Madam President, I ator from Tennessee. it in our military budget and we hear it ask for the yeas and nays on the reso- Mr. THOMPSON. Madam President, in our rhetoric. We see it in our de- lution. was it the intention to recess imme- bates over which threat to our country The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a diately or will there be an opportunity is most probable even though yester- sufficient second? to make a short statement with regard day’s events should remind us once

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 01:53 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.040 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9301 again how faulty such predictions can next door, the copilot of the American How do we prepare so it does not be. We attempt to decide with preci- Airlines Flight 11, Tom McGuinness, occur again or so we can mitigate the sion what the chances are of a missile came from Portsmouth and leaves be- damage? attack by a rogue nation or by terror- hind a 14-year-old son and a 16-year-old First, our commitment to intel- ists versus a suitcase bomb versus a bi- daughter. One of the fire chiefs who ligence must be dramatically in- ological attack versus a cyber attack. went into the building to save lives, creased. During the 1980s and into the Surely, we must now realize that as Jack Fanning, testified before our 1990s, we allowed our intelligence com- the world’s number one target, we committee on the issue of terrorism munity to basically atrophy in the must protect our citizens from all of just a few weeks ago. This touches all area of human intelligence—people on these possibilities. While protection of us in extraordinarily personal ways, the ground. can never be complete, who is going to and it touches our Nation dramati- We have electronic intelligence of decide which window of vulnerability cally. immense capability. It needs to be im- we are going to allow to remain open. We wish to also congratulate and ex- proved, especially in the area of The old Soviet threat has been replaced press great appreciation to those peo- encryption. But specifically, we need by new ones that are in many ways ple who are risking their lives to res- more people involved in intelligence ef- more dangerous and more insidious. We cue the injured and the harmed—fire- forts. We have to, as a nation, recog- have been warned about this repeat- fighters, policemen, the citizenry who nize that this is, for all intents and edly—by the Hart-Rudman Commis- are stepping forward during this time purposes, a war, and that it is going to sion, the Gilmore Commission, by the of crisis. take soldiers, and that some of those Bremer Commission, and by experts in There has been significant harm to soldiers are going to have to partici- numerous committee hearings. Surely, our Nation. But we are a resilient peo- pate in counterintelligence activities now we will listen. Surely now we will ple and a resilient country, and we that are covert and personal, some- resist the temptation to continue to shall not allow these doers of evil, thing from which we have shied away squeeze out more ‘‘peace dividends’’ these perpetrators of such huge crimi- as a society. We are going to need to from the cold war which place our de- nal activity to fundamentally harm commit significant resources to this. fense requirements in a secondary posi- our society. In the area of apprehension, we need to get more coordination between our tion to our domestic wish list. The fact that we meet today and the Nation and those other nations that And surely, we will reanalyze the fact that our Nation goes forward is a should be helping us so that when indi- wisdom of America contributing to the reflection of our strength and our com- viduals whom we know are threatening proliferation of militarily useful tech- mitment to maintaining the openness us or some other democratic govern- nology simply because we want the and freedom that comes with the great- ment are on the move, when those indi- sales. It is my belief that this is what est democracy in the world. viduals are planning, we have the ca- we did as late as last week with the We stand here united and resolute pacity to apprehend them. This means passage of the Export Administration that we shall not allow this democracy significantly increasing the efforts of Act. to be undermined by such horrific and If we place short term consider- the FBI in reaching across inter- criminal acts. ations, our desire for profit, or our de- national boundaries, something our We as a Congress have recognized for sire to maintain record high surpluses committee has tried to do, something a fair amount of time that terrorism is above our national security, we will be- to which former Director Freeh made a the threat which we as a nation see as come much more vulnerable to the po- major commitment: the expansion ba- most imminent. Clearly, since the end tential of experiencing other days like sically of the overseas activities of our of the cold war that has been true. We yesterday. premier and key law enforcement agen- Historians tell us of another democ- have attempted to address that threat. cy, the Federal Bureau of Investiga- racy which, after major military suc- Obviously, in this instance we were not tion. cess, cut its military budget, turned in- successful. But I think it is important Most importantly, we need to get co- ward, and failed to react to provo- that we review where we are and what ordination within our own house, not cation in hopes of maintaining peace— we need to do as we move forward be- only in the area of apprehension but, a nation of leaders who followed the cause this is not the end, regrettably, even more importantly, in the area of popular demand for more butter and of the issue. This is simply a sign of response. We have watched what has fewer guns and who felt that if worse what our times are going to bring. We happened in New York. We congratu- came to worse technology could bail need to prepare, and we need to plan late the city of New York, the State of them out and that treaties with dic- the battle lines. New York, and the Federal people who tators would substitute for defenses. The issue of terrorism and the con- are on the ground. An extraordinary ef- That country was England after World frontation of it basically divides itself fort and a heroic and courageous effort War I and those policies contributed to into three categories. The first is main- has been undertaken. causing the biggest war in the history taining adequate intelligence capa- The fact is that within our own Fed- of the world. We must not make a simi- bility. The second is apprehension of eral agencies we have considerable lar mistake. people who would commit terrorist overlap, inconsistency, and lack of We cannot alter the past. But we can acts. And the third is dealing with the command and control. affect the future. I sincerely urge that events should they occur, as they re- Our committee has suggested, on in- we keep these things in mind as we grettably have in New York and here in numerable occasions, that we cen- consider our appropriations bills and Washington. tralize control over counter terrorism especially as we consider what monies In hearing after hearing, we have activity and, specifically, response ac- are necessary to keep this country heard regrettably that we were not tivity and consequence management, safe. It is not only the right and nec- ready but that we were moving in the both in FEMA and in the Attorney essary thing to do. It is the real tribute right direction. Unfortunately, it was General’s office. We have to have budg- we can pay to our citizens who have so predicted that there would be a major etary line-item operational personnel recently paid such a dear price simply terrorist event in this Nation. In fact, control. There are 46 agencies in this for being Americans. at three different hearings that I know Government today that have some The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- of when I was chairman of the appro- level of responsibility to counter ter- ator from New Hampshire. priations subcommittee that has juris- rorism. The overlapping confusion of Mr. GREGG. Madam President, as diction over the Justice and State De- purpose is dramatic. some of my colleagues here today and partments, it was clearly stated by our As the hearings showed—which I so many Americans across our country, intelligence community that they an- chaired, along with Senator STEVENS I rise to express great sorrow, and send ticipated a significant terrorist act and Senator WARNER and Senator our prayers to those who lost loved sometime in the future. No one was SHELBY from the Intelligence Com- ones and who have been injured. Unfor- specific as to when. We now know mittee; the first tripartite hearing of tunately, in my own community right when. It has occurred. that nature, where we had every major

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:16 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A12SE6.007 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9302 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 agency come before us to discuss their a focused determination to recover our night but also for the Cabinet he has role—we saw that unquestionably there loved ones and friends who are still assembled. He has assembled a Cabinet is confusion. lost, and to assist their loved ones to of unequaled reputation, quality, who This has to be sorted out. One way to cope with the devastating void into have proven themselves to meet the sort it out we will have a chance to which they have been plunged. challenge in the past, whether we are vote on tomorrow in the Commerce- Our fury at those who attack inno- talking about Vice President DICK CHE- State-Justice bill when we approve a cence is matched by our united deter- NEY, Secretary of State Colin Powell or Deputy Attorney General whose sole mination to protect our citizens from Secretary of Defense Don Rumsfeld. purpose will be the coordination of more terror and by our resolve to track In witnessing the events yesterday, it counterterrorism activity across agen- down, to root out, and to relentlessly took me back to the tragedy we suf- cy lines. That must be done. pursue terrorists and those who would We were not fortunate, of course, but shelter or harbor them. fered 6 years ago in Oklahoma City the fact that this occurred in New Last night, at the Pentagon, I joined where 168 people lost their lives to an- York, a city that is extraordinarily Secretary of Defense Rumsfeld, Sen- other act of terrorism. The most dead- well prepared, I am sure, saved many ator WARNER, and General Shelton in ly act of terrorism in U.S. history hap- lives. The next event we do not know sharing that determination with the pened in Oklahoma City that year on where it will occur, and we need to be American people. That resolve is re- April 19. Until we saw it replaced by an ready. flected by the fact that the Pentagon is even more horrendous act, an act that The last issue we must address is, functioning and the men and women certainly was designed by people who who do we respond against? It is very who work there are assisting the heroic wanted to do the maximum amount of obvious that we are dealing with people recovery efforts, although a few feet deadly operations they could against who are fundamentally evil. We have, away loved ones and friends are still the United States. as a nation, confronted such people in missing or presumed to have been They will not be successful in any the past, but they have been sponsored killed, and while the smoke of the sav- way, shape, or form. The United by a nation, whether it was Adolf Hit- agery is still permeating the Pentagon. States, under the leadership of Presi- ler or the forces of Japan during World The President, last night, spoke for dent Bush and his administration and a War II. But today there is an amor- all Americans and all civilized people united Congress, Democrats and Re- phousness to the threat which is hard everywhere about his commitment to publicans, will stand up and say that to identify. The people who have com- recover, to deter, and then to root out type of violence will not stand. It will mitted this act are, for most purposes, and destroy the terrorists. be punished. religious fanatics, it would appear. Debate is an inherent part of democ- They are driven by a cause for which racy. And while our democratic insti- Our condolences go to the families, they are willing to give their life and tutions are stronger than any terrorist to the victims of this terror. It comes take innocent lives in order to make effort to shake them, in one regard we home to all of us in different ways. The their point. That is a threat that is ex- operate differently in times of national thousands of people who were injured traordinarily difficult to overcome. emergency. We set aside our dif- or lost their lives in the World Trade Madam President, I ask unanimous ferences to join forces together, with Center, the many people in the Pen- consent for an additional minute. decent people everywhere, to seek out tagon, the hundreds of people who were The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without and defeat a common enemy of the civ- on the airplanes, those were husbands, objection, it is so ordered. ilized world. mothers, fathers, wives, children, Mr. GREGG. But we must be careful, Our unity is unshakable, and, God grandparents. They disrupted thou- as a nation, as we hunt these people willing, we will persevere and prevail. sands of lives. Those were friends. down—and we have to do that—and as I yield the floor. I happen to have a friend who was on we seek retribution against anyone f who will have supported them, that we one of the planes: Barbara Olson. She RECESS not cast our net so wide that we catch worked for me for 2 or 3 years in the nations which do not threaten us and The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under Senate as my general counsel. Many people who are not our enemies. the previous order, the Senate stands people in the Senate got to know Bar- We must be careful to use the rule of in recess until 3:30 p.m. bara Olson. I got to know her very law so that we do not abandon what Thereupon, the Senate, at 2:29 p.m., well. I got to admire her, to respect has made us great in order to confront recessed until 3:29 p.m. and reassem- her. She was an outstanding staff mem- this type of evil. We are a nation which bled when called to order by the Pre- ber and friend, a frequent visitor on the is built on openness and law, and it siding Officer (Mr. REID). television shows. I think many Ameri- would be a mistake if we abandon it as f cans, when they saw her face on CNN we attempt to pursue these individuals. TERRORIST ATTACKS AGAINST yesterday, realized this has an impact. No rock must be left unturned to find THE UNITED STATES—Continued This brings the real tragedy home. them; it is clear they live under rocks. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- My prayers and condolences go to her But in that process, let us not paint husband and also my very dear friend, with a brush that causes us to create ator from New Hampshire. Mr. GREGG. Mr. President, I yield 10 Ted Olson, who happens to be Solicitor enemies that do not exist today. Let us minutes to the Senator from Okla- General of the United States. What a also not act in a way that creates mar- homa, the assistant Republican leader. tragic loss, the loss of life for Barbara tyrs of those people who would also act The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Olson and the countless others, thou- in this way. This is a time that will test America. ator from Oklahoma is recognized. sands of people whose lives were de- Mr. NICKLES. Mr. President, I thank America has been tested before and we stroyed or families who were broken as my colleague. Yesterday was a tragic have met it. We shall certainly be re- a result of this terrorist activity. day in U.S. history. It is a tragic day silient in the face of this test. We must act together. I am confident I appreciate the courtesy of the Chair for people who love freedom, who cher- that we will. I am confident that Con- ish freedom. Some may claim it was a and yield the floor. gress will act and give the administra- victory for terrorism. I don’t think so. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. tion the tools necessary, both legal and This act of terrorism has brought our AKAKA). The Senator from Michigan is financial, to rebuild, to assist in fixing recognized. country together in a way that we haven’t been able to do among our- the damage. Through FEMA and the Mr. LEVIN. Mr. President, I ask capable leadership of Joe Allbaugh, I unanimous consent that we be allowed selves. Yesterday I was with Democrats and Republicans who said: We are think we will do that. I know that was to proceed—the two of us—for 2 min- important in my State of Oklahoma. I utes each. going to be united against this type of The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without senseless violence. We are going to am sure we will do that both with the objection, it is so ordered. stand together and say it will not Pentagon and the World Trade Center. Mr. LEVIN. Mr. President, through stand. It will not be successful. It is also important that we stand to- our rage at the terrorist attacks on our I compliment President Bush and his gether and confront terrorism. It is im- people and our free institutions shines Cabinet, not only for his speech last portant that we combat terrorism. In

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:39 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00020 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.044 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9303 some cases in the past our rhetoric has thank the religious community, the lute and free, and destroy those who maybe exceeded our success. I don’t be- faith community in my State—Chris- seek to destroy us. lieve we were successful in bringing the tians, Jews, and Muslims—for coming We are greater than our enemies. We perpetrators of the bombings in Kenya together and for their prayers for all of are greater because the very virtues and Tanzania to justice. I don’t believe the men, women, and children who our enemies revile and seek to destroy we were successful in bringing the per- were murdered in our country. That is make us so. Our enemies, those who petrators of the Khobar Towers bomb- the very best of Minnesota. That is the unleashed these attacks, and those who ing to justice. I don’t believe we have very best of our country. support them, are not our enemies been successful as of yet in bringing Let me also thank and pray for all of alone. They are the enemies of freedom the perpetrators of the bombing of the the loved ones of our firefighters and and independence and justice and USS Cole to justice and bringing those law enforcement community who have peace, and they wage war on the people and/or possibly even countries lost their lives in trying to protect peo- United States because we are and will to justice and who may have helped fi- ple and save people’s lives. remain the principal guarantors of nance and orchestrate and maybe even I believe people in our country will freedom for ourselves and for all na- organize these terrorist activities. come together and that one message tions who claim their right to that It is important that we do so, not for these terrorists who have com- condition. All people who possess or as- just in rhetoric but in deed, not just mitted this murder on a mass scale is pire to freedom were attacked yester- today and not just in the next week that they will not change our values. day, and when we answer we do so in but, frankly, on a continual battle. We They will not change our way of life. their name as well as ours. And answer must, when we say this type of ter- They will not change who we are as we will. rorism won’t go unpunished, we must Americans. We will never give way to mean what we say. I feel confident the politics of hatred. We are a diverse These were not just crimes, they with this President we will show the people of many different colors and re- were acts of war, and have aroused in resolve. Our country will show the re- ligions and backgrounds. We will con- this great nation a controlled fury and solve. Freedom-loving people all across tinue to respect and support one an- unity of purpose not just to punish but the world will show the resolve that other. vanquish—vanquish our enemies. this will not go unpunished. President Bush is certainly right Americans know now that we are at Yesterday was a very sad and tragic when he says we will leave no stone war, and will make the sacrifices and day in our U.S. history, a very tragic unturned in getting to the bottom of show the resolve necessary to prevail. I day, one that I believe our country will who committed this act of murder. As say to our enemies, we are coming. God pull together and say: This type of ter- a Senator, I certainly believe we must may show you mercy. We will not. rorism will not prevail. We have so hold them accountable. We must break the back of this inter- many good people in the United States, Most importantly, we have to do ev- national network of terror in all its so many people who are coming to- erything within our power, regardless guises, and deprive its architects, exe- gether to assist the victims, so many of political party, to take the steps and cutioners and sponsors of a safe harbor people who are coming together world- to do what is necessary to make sure anywhere in this world. We will com- wide to assist to make sure this type of people in our country are safe and se- mit all necessary resources to its ac- tragedy will not go unpunished and cure. complishment. Our responses must be also to alleviate the pain and suffering Madam President, one more time, I diplomatic, economic and military. of the innocent victims in this terrible want to finish up in the few minutes I Let us go to our allies, all of our al- tragedy. My heart, my sympathy, my have by saying that murder is never le- lies, to ensure them of our resolve and prayers go out to the victims. Our re- gitimate, and this was a mass murder to enlist them in this war against our solve has never been stronger to stand of men, women, and children. I think shared values and security. The Atlan- together to fight this type of ter- the thing that I will never be able to rorism. tic Charter claims an attack on one get out of my mind is that so many in- member of NATO is an attack on all The PRESIDING OFFICER (Ms. nocent people, so many innocent Amer- LANDRIEU). The Senator from Nevada is NATO members. We will expect our al- icans could be murdered in a single day lies in NATO, Asia and elsewhere to re- recognized. in our country. To me, in my adult life, Mr. REID. There is an order in effect spond to this attack on us as we would yesterday was the worst day for our now that each Senator will have 10 respond to an attack on their territory. country, and there are going to be minutes to speak. The way the day has many more difficult days because we We should make an immediate state- been going, we have approximately 85 don’t even have a sense of the loss of ment of our resolve that we no longer Senators still wishing to speak. If we life. intend to tolerate sanction given to use the 10 minutes each, we simply I am absolutely convinced this will our enemies by any nation. We should cannot finish and allow each Senator bring out the best in us. I am abso- demand that Afghanistan immediately to speak. I have conferred with the mi- lutely convinced that Americans will extradite to the United States Osama nority and they are in agreement that be their own best selves. I am abso- bin Laden. We will know in due course each Senator should have 5 minutes, lutely convinced that these terrorists if he is the architect of yesterday’s at- and we alternate back and forth. I pro- will see Americans coming together tacks, but we already possess sufficient pound a unanimous consent request and I hope the whole international evidence to have indicted him for or- that Senators be allowed to speak for community that represents civilization chestrating the attacks on our embas- up to 5 minutes each rather than 10 sies in Kenya and Tanzania. He has minutes. will come together so these kinds of acts of murder can never be committed claimed responsibility for the 1992 at- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there tempted bombing of 100 U.S. service- objection? Without objection, it is so again. I yield the floor. men in Yemen who were there to assist ordered. U.N. famine relief operations in Soma- The Senator from Minnesota is rec- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- ator from Arizona is recognized. lia. He proudly announced his material ognized. and personnel support for the Somali Mr. REID. Will the Senator yield? I Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, I have forces that fought and killed American want to express on behalf of the major- no words to describe or condemn ade- servicemen in Mogadishu. The master- ity leader and minority leader appre- quately the enormity of yesterday’s at- mind of the 1993 bombing of the World ciation for the cooperation. Everyone tacks on the United States or the de- Trade Center was a known associate of wants an opportunity to speak. But for pravity of those who are responsible for bin Laden. He is a declared enemy of this unanimous consent agreement, them. All we can really offer now are the United States and our allies. And it that would not be possible. our prayers and support for the victims The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- and their families, and the assurance is long past time that we and our allies ator from Minnesota. to our fellow citizens that America will brought an end to the war he began. Mr. WELLSTONE. Madam President, recover from these atrocities, resume Should the Taliban refuse our de- as a Senator from Minnesota, I rise to the life of a great nation, strong, reso- mand, then they must know that they

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:39 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00021 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.046 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9304 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 will be treated as allies of our enemy, here in Washington, born in Waverly, a go after the real enemy, and let us not and thus, are themselves our enemies, graduate of Drake Law, was on the ill- paint with a broad stroke those who and will suffer much for their alle- fated flight that crashed into the Pen- are of the Islamic faith who are Ameri- giance. tagon yesterday. cans, who are Muslims, who are part of This campaign will be long and dif- When the smoke clears, we will com- our great society. ficult, and will not end with the cap- fort all the families in their time of I thank the Chair. ture or destruction of Osama bin Laden need. We want them to know that al- The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. CAR- alone. The American people must, and though their loved ones may be gone, PER). The time of the Senator from I am sure, will understand that we will they are not alone. All of America Iowa has expired. wage this war to its complete resolu- stands with them. We are Americans The Senator from North Carolina. tion however long and difficult the and we take care of our own. The tall- Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, I ask road ahead. But they should not be ex- est buildings may crumble, but no one that the distinguished Senator from pected to wait one day longer than nec- will bring down our spirit. Wyoming be recognized. essary for our enemies to be van- We have survived tough times before; The PRESIDING OFFICER. The dis- quished, for the full measure of justice we will do so again. Let me be clear. tinguished Senator from Wyoming is to be done, for freedom and righteous- These cowardly acts against our great recognized. ness to prevail. Nation will not stand. I stand with Mr. THOMAS. I thank the Chair. Mr. We will prevail. We will prevail be- President Bush in calling on every re- President, I thank the Senator from cause the foundations of our greatness source of our Government to track North Carolina. cannot be vanquished. Our respect for down the cowards who committed We all have very strong feelings at Man’s God-given rights to life, liberty these acts and to bring them to swift this time, and most of all those feel- and the pursuit of happiness assures us and certain justice. We will seek out ings have been expressed, eloquently I of victory even as it has made us a tar- not only the terrorists but their back- might say, and now we have time for get for the unjust enemies of freedom ers and financers as well. Americans the real challenge. who have mistaken hate and depravity will do what we have always done. We Yesterday was a very sad day. The for power. The losses we have suffered will come together, get down to work, sadness, of course, continues for those are grave, and will never be forgotten. and we will demand justice. who were injured and the families of Mr. President, when we do strike But we should take pride and those who were lost. back, we must be very careful. We unyielding resolve from the knowledge Acts of war have been committed that we were attacked because we are must ensure that when we train our sights on the enemy, we do not harm against our Nation. Forces of evil have good. struck at the center of our Govern- May God bless us in this trial, com- innocent people in the crossfire. I want to quote the words of Cardinal Theo- ment, our families, and our commu- fort us, strengthen our resolve, and nities. make our justice as terrible and cer- dore McCarrick, the Archbishop of There are no words that can possibly tain as His. Washington, who spoke at a mass yes- explain the devastation or convey suffi- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The time terday. He made a point that we should cient sympathy for the men and women of the Senator from Arizona has ex- all take to heart: who lost their lives, nor even do words pired. Let us pray for those who have lost their exist to describe our collective anger. The Senator from Iowa is recognized. lives or who have been seriously injured in Mr. HARKIN. Mr. President, yester- this calamity. But we must resist the temp- It is a somber day, but our sadness day was a day that will live in all of tation to strike out in vengeance and re- will lead to resolve. our memories. America was struck by venge and, in a special way, not to label any Powerful symbols of our democracy ethnic group or community for this action, have been destroyed, but the root of an unprecedented and unprovoked act which certainly is just the work of a few of violence, so vicious and calculated our strength—our personal commit- madmen. We must seek the guilty and not ment to our country and our families— that the entire world has reacted in strike out against the innocent or we become horror and revulsion. In that hour like them who are without moral guide or di- is even stronger. when so many were taken from us, rection. Our focus now must be on the vic- America did not bend or buckle. We I could not agree more strongly. We tims, of course, and those who still face stood strong. must not use these events of yesterday the challenge of life and rescue. Amer- That strength is best exemplified by to paint with a broad brush all Mus- ica will take care of its own. the police, firefighters, and emergency lims, those of the Islamic faith or of Let me assure people today that the services personnel who courageously Arabic descent. It has happened before; functions of Government will continue. raced to the scene. When everyone was it should not happen again. As you can see, Congress is meeting running away from the danger, they Those who perpetrated these murders and most Federal agencies in Wash- were running toward it. Here in Wash- yesterday are not associated with Mus- ington are open and doing their jobs. ington, as the U.S. Capitol was being lims or with the Islamic faith. If they There is no amount of terror that can evacuated, our Capitol Police were claim they are on some kind of mission be committed that will throw us off standing guard. for Islam, that is just a lie. They are our course to protect and serve democ- All of these public servants deserve using the cloak of religion to justify racy today. our thanks. And their families, espe- the murder of innocent people. Again, The next great test for the Govern- cially the families of the police and we have seen this before. ment and for every American will be firefighters in New York who are cur- We must also make sure we do not the challenge to move forward—and rently missing, should know that our fall prey to the theory that in order to that is a necessary part—to comfort prayers are with them in this difficult defeat this enemy, we must become those who have lost everything in their time. more like them. I am old enough to re- lives and rebuild the physical struc- We pray for those lost and for their member the McCarthy era, when there tures that have been lost. Our democ- families. In Iowa, Doug and Betty were those who said in order to defeat racy will continue to exist uninhibited Haviland, our former neighbors in communism, we had to become a police and unintimidated. Ames, IA, are going through a difficult state. There were reasonable voices Next we must strive to devise up- time right now. Their son, Tim, worked that said: No, we do not have to; we dated security and intelligence meas- on the 96th floor of the World Trade can defeat communism and still main- ures to serve us better in the future so Center, and Tim is currently missing. I tain our freedoms. That, Mr. President, this will not happen again. want Doug and Betty to know that my is what we must do. Next, and at the appropriate time thoughts and prayers are with them We as Americans respect civil rights with the intelligence information that today. I am hoping for the best. and human rights and diversity. We are is required, the United States will The sister of my long-time friend of diverse backgrounds and faiths. Mus- exact a supreme measure of justice Kasey Kincaid, an attorney in Des lims are part of the fabric of America, against the criminals who have per- Moines, Karen Kincaid, an attorney part of our strength. Let us be sure we petrated terror on this country, and

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:16 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A12SE6.014 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9305 they are not long for this world. Those forces that perpetrated these acts ernment must pursue every avenue. terrorists should understand well we ought to make sure today that they are Our defense programs—our national are coming for them and nothing will in their hiding places because we are laboratories, universities, and other re- deter us from seeing that they are going to come after them. The blinding search institutions—must take the eliminated, as well as other terrorists beam of our determination and the next technological steps to win the war around the world, even though they long arm of the United States of Amer- that terrorists declared yesterday on may not be specifically involved with ica is going to expose them and extract our people. this terrorism. justice. Congress can do two or three things, We all offer our condolences and Our entire Congress stands united be- less obvious perhaps, but more impor- prayers to the families of the missing. hind the President of the United States tant in the long run. We can set aside I offer my hopes for those who are and against our enemies and against petty bickering. We can unify in con- working these tragedies today and res- those who would shelter them. Our crete terms by attending to the Na- cue efforts. God bless them. God bless whole Nation stands together with a tion’s business. The American people America. very clear intention: To endure. can judge barbarians who committed The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Our enemies should know the entire this act of war yesterday, but they will ator from Wyoming yields back his free and democratic world stands judge us in Congress, too. time. unmoved in its dedication to liberty for We in this time of grave challenge The Senator from Washington. all. We speak with one voice, and we must rise above the political bickering Mr. WYDEN. I thank the Chair. will move in concert to protect prin- that has affected us for too long. We Mr. President, on Tuesday morning ciples that we hold dear. must quickly unify on the issues that this Nation witnessed an attempt to The flame of democracy is going to have divided us, whether it is defense pitch into darkness the light of Amer- be fanned even brighter. We will not spending or energy policy. By doing so, ican liberty. It was nothing less than just carry the torch, but we are going we can show by our actions that truly an offensive against the freedom our to make sure that standard is held yesterday was the end of an era. Nation represents. It was nothing less higher than ever before. I am not naive. I understand politics. than pure evil that cast a shadow over Mr. President, I yield the floor. But now is the time to lay them aside our country darker than the smoke The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- and, as the American people, unite be- from any explosion. ator from Oregon yields back his time. hind our President. Let us in Congress Yesterday, fanatics challenged our The Senator from North Carolina. rise to this historic challenge by join- Nation to war, striking at civilians and Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, I ask ing hands and hearts and doing the Na- service members alike. Today the Sen- that the distinguished Senator from tion’s business now. A final word of advice, too, for those ate is making it clear that we will not New Mexico, Mr. DOMENICI, be recog- bow to this brutality. We believe pas- nized. who committed these atrocities. How sionately in our country in due proc- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The dis- little you know of our Nation, for you are so cowardly you have no way of un- ess, in the rule of law. But the effort to tinguished Senator from New Mexico is derstanding us. No act these criminals find justice cannot be allowed to de- recognized for 5 minutes. could have contemplated will unify generate into the all-too-frequent end- Mr. DOMENICI. Mr. President, first, this Nation more, nor galvanize our less debate. America must act deci- it is a pleasure to speak to the Sen- will more firmly than yesterday’s de- sively. ators who are present and listening. struction. They have done what many Families across this country are in An era has come to an end. As many feared perhaps could no longer be done. their darkest hour right now. At the commentators have noted, most say it They have hardened this Nation’s re- moment, not all of the victims’ names was an era of innocence. I agree. Amer- solve, prompted our patriotism, and are known out of the thousands be- icans now know firsthand the kind of unleashed our power. They have com- lieved lost in the tragedy. In the com- mindless terrorism and brutal dis- mitted an act of war. They have awak- ing days, they are going to become fa- regard of all concepts of morality that ened a sleeping giant, and they will in- miliar to us, and their lives and leg- afflict our world. What will be our herit the whirlwind. acies will be shared with the world. But measure of response as a nation? My heart goes out to all of those suf- we already know them. These victims Our people in the world will watch, fering today. I know that New Mexi- are husbands and wives, daughters and listen, and wait, for, as Franklin Roo- cans have suffered losses but, we under- sons, brother and sisters to every sevelt said, ‘‘We defend and we build a stand, nothing like New York. I know American. way of life not for America alone but other Americans have suffered losses. I We honor the memory of those whom for mankind.’’ share in their grief, and I hold them up we have lost, but we also make it clear We will, of course, support the Presi- in my prayers and in the prayers of our today that we will not allow this Na- dent in every respect, provide any and family. tion to be sapped by terror. America is all resources, including emergency Let us understand if we have been not going to be drained by devilish acts funding for New York City, for Wash- awakened, as I believe we have, by uni- of rage. ington, DC, for Arlington, VA, sparing fying and eliminating the bickering, The light of hope is burning across no expense to save our neighbors who we can move our Nation ahead and we this country. The voice of a New York need our help in this time of great dis- can begin to solve and get rid of ter- firefighter who says he will not stop tress. rorism here and everywhere. searching until the last stone is turned Whatever it takes—and I repeat, I yield the floor. is a voice of hope. whatever it takes—to pursue those who The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- The courage of the Federal employ- planned, funded, aided, harbored, and ator from Louisiana. ees who returned to work today across carried out yesterday’s destruction, we Ms. LANDRIEU. Mr. President, let the country is a courage ground in will go to the fullest extent possible. me begin by thanking the distin- hope. All the resources of this great nation guished Senator from New Mexico for Hope shines in the people willing to must be brought to bear to dem- that eloquent comment, thank him for wait for hours to help, as we saw yes- onstrate our unity and our power. We his extraordinary leadership on this terday when they donated blood. It know something else now. We under- particular subject, and for the years he shines in the hearts of those who are stand that the threshold of possible has served as a leader to our Nation. praying today in churches and syna- terrorism has gone up. Let me begin by thanking the many gogues and mosques across the coun- We know more, but the terrorists people in Louisiana, first our spiritual try. know more, too. We must commit to an leaders, our military leaders, our elect- Here is my bottom line, Mr. Presi- all-out effort, not just to a war against ed officials at every level, our emer- dent: The light that shines in America terrorism but to new weapons in this gency personnel, every citizen who is going to be relentless when it is war. We must do everything possible to through prayer or action is engaged in turned on those who have declared prevent the possibility of calamities helping this Nation at this time. We all themselves our enemies. The dark above this threshold. The Federal Gov- appreciate their efforts.

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 01:53 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00023 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.051 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9306 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 In the darkest hours, America has al- I yield the floor. where we were and what we were doing ways risen to her promise. We find our- The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. NEL- at the precise time they happened. As selves again in the very darkest of SON of Nebraska). The Senator from we remember the assassination of times. For only the second time in Maine is recognized. President Kennedy and, for many of American history, our borders have Ms. SNOWE. Mr. President, as did all my colleagues, Pearl Harbor, our chil- been penetrated and Americans at- of my colleagues and all Americans, I dren will remember this day. tacked. woke up this morning with a broken We are angry as a nation, and we The greatest generation of Ameri- heart but not a broken spirit. have every right to be angry. But now cans responded to the first attack, The unimaginable and horrific attack it is time to focus our energies on re- Pearl Harbor, with an unwavering com- on the World Trade Center and the sponsible actions and swift responses mitment to defend the ideals of democ- Pentagon was an attack on all Ameri- when the masterminds are found. Now racy around the globe. cans and against every freedom-loving is also the time to heal and to tend to Our generation will be remembered nation of the world. our neighbors and families and friends. for how we respond to this attack Today, our prayers and our deepest In typical American fashion, heroes against our Nation, our liberty, and sympathies are with the families of rushed to the aid of those in peril, even our freedom. I have no doubt our Na- those innocent victims who lost their as the sounds of blasts still echoed tion will rise to the challenge and find lives, as well as those who were injured across Manhattan and our Nation’s light in our darkest hour. in these monstrous tragedies. We can Capital. Through the endeavors of our people scarcely comprehend the images that For the unthinkable numbers of peo- and the providence of God, our Nation have flashed before our eyes over the ple in New York, Virginia, Pennsyl- prevailed in the struggle with the So- past 24 hours, but we know that so vania, military personnel at the Pen- viet Union. It was a struggle lasting many of our fellow Americans are tagon, passengers on planes from over 40 years, spread over every con- grieving for lives cut short and possi- across America, policemen, fire- tinent, costing this Nation the treasure bilities ended. And so today we grieve fighters, and emergency personnel who of its youth and resources beyond as one nation, under God, indivisible. gave their lives, their memory will live imagination. Our hearts are heavy but our resolve on with the memory of this tragedy. To After yesterday, the American people is strong. This outrageous attack has the families, our Nation shares in your must understand that today we begin reverberated through every level of our unspeakable loss. to undertake a task no less daunting. society. But let there be no mistake, America will never be the same, just President Kennedy’s inaugural address and let the word go forth from the as we were forever changed by two is remembered for its impact in ral- Halls of Congress and from the White World Wars and numerous other con- lying the resolve of our Nation at that House and from every house across our flicts throughout the world. Now ter- time. I can think of no better place to indomitable Nation that we will find rorism has come to American soil on a turn to today. His eloquence is as rel- who is responsible, we will hold them scale most dared not imagine. We are evant this morning as it was 40 years accountable, and we will persevere. changed, but we are far from broken. ago: Now the trumpet summons us The soul of this country and the Ours is a nation born of adversity, again. Not as a call to bear arms, ideals upon which it was built cannot forged by perseverance, and defined by though arms we need; not as a call to be torn asunder neither by war, nor by battle, though embattled we are, but a our ability to unite against those who assassination, nor by the blunt and call to bear the burden of a long twi- would tear us down. We must never for- bloody instruments of faceless cowards. light struggle year in and year out, re- get that some of America’s finest hours The forces of darkness have challenged joicing in hope, patient in our tribu- have followed our darkest days. our country’s determination before. As lation, a struggle against the common To whomever is responsible for this we rose to the challenge then, so will enemies of man—tyranny, poverty, dis- tragedy, hear this loud and clear be- we rise at this most solemn of times. ease, and war itself. cause America speaks with one voice: Yesterday we heard the pages of his- Clearly, the attacks on our Nation You will be found. You will be held ac- tory turn in explosions which brought were coordinated, and they were cal- countable, and this injustice will not down skyscrapers. The sound heard culated. Yet clouded by their own stand. around the world was deafening, per- twisted fanaticism—whatever brand of Thank you, Mr. President. I yield the haps a fitting beginning to what we fanaticism that may prove to be —the floor. may come to know as the silent war; a perpetrators of this crime against hu- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- silent war where cowardice of our en- manity and the American people failed ator from California is recognized. emies is their greatest asset. Yet no de- to understand that ours is a nation in Mrs. FEINSTEIN. Mr. President, I ception, no amount of subterfuge, no which the principle of individual free- rise to join my colleagues. Very frank- resort to villainy will protect our en- dom is exceeded only by our commit- ly, my heart is filled with a great deal emies from the righteous anger of the ment to protect our freedom. of mixed emotions. On the one hand, I American people called to war. The American spirit is stronger than want this country to smash back. On It is important for our people to stone and water, tougher than steel the other, I want us to be sure that we know we are all being called into this and glass, and more enduring than any are on firm ground, that we know what struggle. In a silent war, we are all tar- pain or suffering that can be inflicted we are doing, and that we are success- gets and, therefore, we are all combat- on our national conscience. It cannot ful in our mission. ants. Sacrifices to the unparalleled be collapsed by fire and terror. Yesterday was one of the darkest freedom that we enjoy, costly expendi- To the contrary, today we stand days I can remember. Many have spec- tures, and the employment of our mili- united behind our President and the ulated that the loss of life may well tary men and women may all be re- entire leadership of the Congress. only be exceeded by the battle, 1-day quired before this war is over. Today, solidarity eclipsed politics and battle at Antietam during the civil Yesterday’s terror may have broken partisanship. And this will remain so war. It will certainly be more than the the hearts of American families, but it for every minute of every hour of every loss at Pearl Harbor. will not break the American family. day that it takes to right this injus- One of the things that I have recog- Yesterday’s terror may have destroyed tice. nized, and what should be abundantly lives but it will not destroy this Na- We must remain always vigilant but clear, I think to all of us, is that there tion’s destiny. Yesterday’s terror may never fearful. We must relentlessly are those out there without a heart have shattered buildings, but it will seek justice, and we must do all that is who are willing to carry out this kind not shatter the American spirit. within our power as a free nation to of attack, and to do it with malevo- This morning, not that long ago, over prevent such catastrophic terrorist at- lence and cunning that defies con- the crater that used to be part of the tacks both at home and abroad. science and humanity. That is really Pentagon, the Sun broke and hit an There are events in our lives that what we are up against. American flag flying over the rubble. It will be forever etched on the landscape I really consider what happened in is in that spirit America will prevail. of our consciousness. We all know New York and at the Pentagon to be a

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 01:53 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00024 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.055 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9307 declaration of war against the United It is also critical that America lead will do everything in my power as one States. I believe we must respond ac- an international effort that makes Senator to see that these deaths were cordingly in a well-considered military clear to all nations that countenance not in vain. way. terrorism, that harbor terrorists, that Mr. President, I yield the floor. I join the President, the congres- aid and abet their actions, that that Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, I ask sional leadership, and particularly Sec- country is an enemy of the United that the able Senator from Arkansas retary of State Colin Powell, whose re- States. be recognized. marks this morning share that same Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- determination. sent to have a couple additional min- ator from Arkansas. Let there be no mistake. This attack utes. Mr. HUTCHINSON. Mr. President, on was deliberately planned. It was The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without this day of mourning and on behalf of planned to have the largest possible objection, it is so ordered. all Arkansans, I offer my deepest and impact and to maximize the loss of in- Mrs. FEINSTEIN. Thank you, Mr. most sincere condolences to the fami- lies of the victims of the cowardly at- nocent human life. President. The terrorists deliberately selected All civilized nations, whether it is tacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. the largest planes with the greatest NATO, our European allies, Russia, I especially want to mention the Ar- China, the moderate Arab States, or fuel loads to create the biggest explo- kansas flight attendant, Sara Lowe, anyone else—I received a call this sion, to kill the most people, and to do and offer my sympathy and condo- it at a time of day when that would morning from the Chinese Embassy lences to her parents Mike and Bobbie, happen. saying the President of China had and to her sister Allison. There may They deliberately selected important called our President yesterday to indi- well be other Arkansans who were symbols—one, the military head- cate China’s solidarity with the United aboard, but Sara served, and served quarters of the United States, and the States and to offer any help. Indeed, well, on Flight No. 11. other a major center of American eco- that is a giant step forward. It is a be- While New York bears the brunt of nomic entrepreneurism. ginning. I believe we must create a the pain today, I am reminded, as I What is now emerging is genuine acts critical divide between civilized na- think of Sara Lowe from Batesville, of heroism aboard our planes. Heroism tions that will not sanction terrorism AR, that there are hundreds of towns aboard UAL Flight 93, which left Dul- and spell out those that do and do and hamlets and villages all across the les International Airport, may well something about it. Nation that share in the grief and the have prevented Flight 93 from striking Presently, the United States spends suffering today. Our Nation is grief the White House or the United States about $12 billion, spread among a num- stricken but our Nation is strong. Our Capitol. ber of Departments dealing with ter- Nation is united, and our Nation is re- Californians were aboard that plane. rorism. The proposed budget will short- solved to bring those responsible to One Californian, Thomas Burnett of ly be before the Senate. If we are to en- justice. San Ramone, phoned his wife. He told gage against this threat, I think we I honor today the courage and com- her the flight was doomed but that he must also organize and coordinate our passion of the rescuers in New York and two other passengers were deter- Government’s effort. I speak now as City and at the Pentagon. Your Nation mined to do something about it. ‘‘I love chairman of the Technology and Ter- is grateful and your Nation is indebted. you honey’’ were Burnett’s last words rorism Subcommittee of the Judiciary We all woke up yesterday and pre- to his wife. He said, ‘‘I know we are all Committee and also as a member of the pared to go about our normal business going to die, but there are three of us Intelligence Committee. We must see in a world that looked the same as it who are going to do something about that these dollars are wisely spent, not did the day before. Today everything is it.’’ He worked for a company called frittered among more than 40 Depart- different. The New York skyline is Thoratec. He leaves three children. ments. I do not believe those dollars changed, and so is the geopolitical You might say he and others made the are well spent at the present time. landscape of the world. ultimate sacrifice. We must also understand that home- We stand at the violent birth of a Yesterday firmly establishes in my land defense should be our highest pri- new era in international relations and mind that the major threat and No. 1 ority: coherent and carefully balanced, national security. The strategic pause national security problem facing the with trained personnel in every State, that we enjoyed after the cold war United States is the asymmetrical at- and an intelligence network that pro- ended is over. I pray that we have used this interlude properly; and I fear that tack, the unconventional and unpre- vides a coordination between all dictable horrific act of terrorism. we may not have. branches of Government and each of But this needs to be clear: Any na- I don’t believe America can be a our States. tion that harbors, shelters, or abets paper tiger in response. I think the America has at its disposal a wide these terrorist thugs will be regarded United States should spare no effort to array of tools, but these tools must be as full participants in these acts of war uncover, to ferret out, and to destroy directed carefully, with a coherent pol- and will be held equally accountable. those who commit acts of terrorism, icy. This is not now the situation. I be- We will devote as many resources as those who provide the training camps, lieve we must remedy it promptly. necessary to find and punish the per- who shelter, who finance, and who sup- We Americans are a resilient, a de- petrators of these acts. We must make port terrorists. Whether that enemy is termined, and a patriotic nation. We a national commitment to breaking a state or an organization, those who will not lose the spirit that makes us the back of international terrorism. harbor them, who arm them, who train the greatest democracy on Earth by On the Armed Services Committee, I them, and permit them must, in my going after terrorists full scale. We am fortunate to have served as a mem- view, be destroyed. have always been ready to respond in ber of the Emerging Threats Sub- It is interesting to note that 3 weeks defense of freedom. And now that chal- committee under the leadership of Sen- ago the British press carried articles lenge is before us in a manner, shape ator ROBERTS from Kansas. which said that the bin Laden oper- and form that offers unprecedented As frightening and as horrific as the ation was prepared to launch—and this challenges. We must respond. toll and the results of the incidents a quote—‘‘an unprecedented attack Let me also speak a few moments as yesterday are, I fear that a biological against the United States.’’ We know a Californian. The four planes that or a chemical attack upon this country that the organization is wanted as well were hijacked were all going to Cali- would make the tens of thousands of for two prior major terrorist attacks fornia; three to Los Angeles, one to victims yesterday pale in comparison against the United States. San Francisco. to the millions that might be the vic- It seems to me that there is a good Two hundred sixty-six people died on tims of such an attack. But the Amer- indication we will shortly find who is the planes. It is certain that many of ican people should be assured that we responsible for this act of war against them have families in California. To will utilize every resource at the dis- our country. And then we must strike them, I extend my heartfelt sorrow. posal of our great country to protect back against them hard. But I also extend a commitment that I them.

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 01:53 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00025 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.057 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9308 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 We Americans will stand together, of us on the Armed Services Com- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- united, determined, and ultimately vic- mittee, those of us in this great body, ator from North Carolina. torious. do have some responsibility, maybe Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, I yield to Thank you, Mr. President. through the regular committee struc- the able Senator from Kansas, Mr. ROB- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- ture, to find out what happened, find ERTS. ator from Georgia. out what the recommendations from The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Mr. CLELAND. Mr. President, I was our best professionals are, and then go ator from Kansas. sickened by the actions that were about the business of making sure this Mr. ROBERTS. Mr. President, I join taken against our country yesterday. I never happens to our country again. my colleagues in expressing support for felt very much like I was back in the My heart is sickened at the loss of this resolution, a resolution of the Sen- Vietnam war in the Tet Offensive of life. I would be even more sickened by ate of the United States expressing our 1968 of which I was lucky to survive. the loss of this incredible opportunity, very prayerful condolences to those When I looked out my window and saw this spur for action, this spur for great- who lost their lives as a result of this the smoke coming from the Pentagon, er knowledge about where we are in heinous crime, not only against them- I literally felt, for the first time, that our intelligence community. Do we not selves but against America and, just as I was under attack in my own country. have the resources? Do we not have the important, against democracy and free- That is a terrible feeling. I think many human intelligence? Do we not have dom. Americans shared that feeling. the people? Have we not been mindful First, let me say this Congress stands My staff is still trying to recover. of the real threats to this country as behind our President and his deter- They still have traces of tears in their evidence upon evidence, testimony mination to punish those who harbor eyes and on their faces from the suf- upon testimony continues to grow, as terrorists as well as the terrorists fering that we have seen on television we hear increasing evidence in back- themselves. Second, our fight against terrorism by our fellow Americans. ground briefings from our intelligence For the first time, I guess certainly community that these are the kinds of will necessitate more cooperation than in a long, long time, American blood threats we can expect not only now but we have ever seen or experienced from our allies and other governments. I am has been shed on American soil by a in the future? a little encouraged. They know we are foreign enemy. That gives us all pause Are we underfunding some aspect of not alone. Several Arab state leaders, to get the most out of this historic mo- our homeland defense? Are we over- long American allies, have expressed ment. That is what I am trying to do in matched and undercoordinated in our support. I understand that similar ex- my own mind as I rise to pay tribute to ability to respond? Are we forever to pressions have come from Russia. This those wonderful rescue workers who live from crisis to crisis under threat of will take an unprecedented diplomatic have come to the aid of our fellow terrorist attack? I don’t think that is the way Americans are supposed to live and foreign policy undertaking. Americans in New York and in this As we determine how best to address great city of Washington, DC. or were born to live. My mind recalls the great words of this ongoing threat, it will not be nec- But I think of the families as well F.D.R. that launched the greatest gen- essary to start anew or to reinvent the who have suffered forever the loss of a eration on its great crusade, World War antiterrorism wheel. I have had the loved one. Many children will go with- II, the four freedoms, Roosevelt’s fa- privilege, as some have said, of serving out fathers tonight. Many families will mous speech. What are the four free- for 3 years as the chairman of the go without loved ones. And that doms that Americans have an inherent newly created Subcommittee on grieves me greatly. But what are we to right to enjoy? First, freedom of ex- Emerging Threats. That is a sub- do? What are we to make of this? pression, the ability to talk in this committee created by our distin- As a member of the Armed Services great Chamber and express our opinion guished former chairman, JOHN WAR- Committee for the last 5 years, I have and the ability of any American to ex- NER. The committee is now ably been growing impatient, and in many press the same; second, freedom of reli- chaired by Senator MARY LANDRIEU. ways frustratingly concerned, about gion, which unquestionably is part of Our subcommittee is now compiling the growth of terrorism and its impact our national Bill of Rights; third, free- the testimony of the many witnesses on this country. In fact, Senator WAR- dom from want; all of us feel this coun- we have had over the past 3 years and NER, a couple years ago, created the try is, as Lincoln said, the last best the recommendations we have made Emerging Threats Subcommittee, hope of Earth; finally, as F.D.R. put it which we will make available to the which the distinguished Senator from in 1941, freedom from fear. administration, to the Pentagon, to Kansas, Mr. ROBERTS, chaired for a Many Americans are fearful today. the American public, and, yes, to the 46 couple years. And now Senator MARY They are fearful for the future of their Federal agencies that have claimed ju- LANDRIEU from Louisiana chairs that homeland, their communities, their risdiction of one kind or another with subcommittee. families. We do not deserve to live in regard to homeland security. Without speaking for them, I can say fear. In this respect, I ask unanimous con- that over the last couple years we have I dedicate myself, as a Member of sent to print in the RECORD a letter had increasing evidence in testimony this body, as an American, as someone that five Senators representing the before our committee that the real who has seen combat and who has lived Senate Armed Services, Intelligence, threat, the emerging threat to America in fear, to make sure that I rededicate and Appropriations Committees and was going to come through some ter- myself to the task remaining before us: two subcommittees, including the rorist act, maybe biological, maybe That we will work out, with the Presi- Emerging Threats Subcommittee, sent chemical, maybe no more than just an dent of the United States and this ad- to Vice President CHENEY as of last explosive in a backpack, some terrorist ministration, every aspect of a plan to July. act below the radar screen, someone or rid ourselves of international terrorism There being no objection, the letter something that had no return address. and to work with other nations, other was ordered to be printed in the This has indeed happened. What are we civilized nations, other nations com- RECORD, as follows: to make of it? mitted to democracy and opportunity U.S. SENATE, As a member of the Armed Services that believe in the four freedoms as we Washington, DC, July 13, 2001. Committee, I feel this challenge very do, to work out with them, in coordina- Hon. RICHARD B. CHENEY, personally, to make something of this tion with them, an assault on ter- Vice President of the United States, worthwhile for our Nation and for our rorism. Washington, DC. country, to come to terms with what Yesterday was a declaration of war DEAR MR. VICE PRESIDENT: The hearings we ought to do about it. by terrorists on this country. This res- conducted by the Senate on May 8, 9 and 10, In the wake of Pearl Harbor, I know 2001 demonstrated that some Federal agen- olution we pass today in a unanimous cies do not have a firm grasp of their roles there was a board of inquiry set up to fashion is, in my opinion, a resolution and responsibilities for preventing, preparing find out what happened. Admiral Kim- of guts and courage that this body for, and responding to acts of domestic ter- mel there in Hawaii got blamed for the sends forth, that we declare war on rorism. This lack of clarity is due to the ab- attack, probably wrongfully so. Those international terrorism. sence of a true, comprehensive national

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 02:10 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00026 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.059 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9309 strategy. Currently, our national policy is share responsibility for coordinating the The National Domestic Preparedness Of- embodied in two Presidential Decision Direc- Federal structure for combating domestic fice (NDPO), currently under the FBI, should tives, the Attorney General’s Five Year terrorism, including all of the relevant agen- be transferred to the DAG–CT. The original Plan, and two Federal response plans, one cies, and for coordinating the national strat- mission of the NDPO was to serve as a point maintained by the Federal Bureau of Inves- egy. of contact for State and local governments. tigation (FBI) and one maintained by the II. The National Strategy.—The Congress, Because of its strong ties to the emergency Federal Emergency Management Agency the President, and the National Security Ad- management community, FEMA should as- (FEMA). This ‘‘patchwork quilt’’ approach is visor must be able to look to the Co-Coordi- sume the role of ‘‘one stop shop’’ for State not a substitute for a national strategy, the nators to coordinate a single national strat- and local responders seeking information purpose of which would be to coordinate our egy to safeguard this country from domestic about Federal assistance and training pro- Federal agencies into an effective force. terrorism. The national strategy should es- grams. The attached report contains seven rec- tablish the policies, objectives, and priorities IV. Budget Reviews.—There is currently no ommendations that emerged during the of the Federal government for preventing, mechanism for coordinating Federal spend- course of the hearings. They merit your preparing for, and responding to domestic ing for combating domestic terrorism and strong consideration as you move toward terrorist attacks. The strategy should in- domestic preparedness programs. There is no bringing all of the Federal entities involved clude specific objectives to be achieved. Also, process through which the President may de- in combating terrorism under a single um- it should include a recommendation con- termine what is lacking and what is redun- brella of clear leadership and a consolidated cerning the role each Federal department dant in our national strategy to combat do- national strategy. The recommendations and agency and State and local government mestic terrorism. A five year budget plan to entity should perform in combating domes- identify and propose actions to address implement the national strategy should be tic terrorism, as well as a recommendation weaknesses in our overall national system to coordinated by the Co-Coordinators in con- concerning Federal training, equipment, ex- combat domestic terrorism. sultation with the program managers from We hope these recommendations will be ercise, and grant programs. The strategy the relevant departments and agencies. The should rest on four pillars: prevention/intel- useful to you as you chart a new course for Co-Coordinators should work closely with ligence, preparedness, crisis management, this nation’s domestic terrorism policy. With the departments and agencies as they pre- and consequence management. pare their annual budget submissions. respect to the review itself, we strongly rec- The sharing of information, especially by V. Chain of Command.—The Senate hear- ommend that you solicit input from and in- intelligence agencies and law enforcement ings demonstrated that there is still a need corporate the worthwhile suggestions of organizations, will be critical to preventing for a coherent chain of command at the Fed- members of the first responder community, acts of domestic terrorism. The Department eral level during the response phase of a ter- including fire, law enforcement, medical, and of State also has an important role to play rorist incident. During a recent exercise, emergency management personnel. In addi- in preventing terrorism through its diplo- agents from the FBI and Bureau of Alcohol, tion, just as you have requested the assist- matic and non-proliferation activities. The Tobacco, and Firearms (ATF) argued for an ance and support of the Director of the Fed- Co-Coordinators should work in close co- hour over who was ‘‘in charge’’ at the scene, eral Emergency Management Agency, we operation with the Department of State to urge you to also draw upon the experience ensure that we have a unified strategy for while actors playing the part of the wounded and expertise of the Attorney General and combating both domestic and international and dying got hypothermia. This confusion the Department of Justice. This will ensure terrorism. Our level of preparedness will de- is the result of a poorly understood and com- that you have all the necessary information pend on our commitment to training, equip- municated chain of command. The Federal Response Plan (FRP) and Con- and resources at your disposal, and that your ment programs, and regularly scheduled ex- cept of Operations Plan (CONPLAN) identify review is balanced and thorough. We in the ercises which allow us to hone our skills. Our which agencies must respond at what point Senate stand ready to assist you in this his- ability to respond to a domestic terrorist at- in time and what function each agency must toric and critical enterprise. tack will require the close coordination of Sincerely, all entities with responsibility for combating perform or lead. These plans have not been TED STEVENS, domestic terrorism. Pre-established guide- effectively communicated to responders at Committee on Appro- lines outlining agencies’ missions and order all levels, from local to Federal. Further- priations. of operations during a range of plausible more, these plans were designed for a num- JOHN WARNER, threat scenarios must be developed and dis- ber of different disaster scenarios. This ‘‘one Committee on Armed tributed. size fits all’’ approach coupled with the lack Services. The Co-Coordinators should be responsible of detailed understanding of the plan at all RICHARD SHELBY, for coordinating agencies’ and departments’ levels, is responsible for the confusion en- Select Committee on programs and policies so that they com- countered by responders at the scene. Intelligence. plement the national strategy. It will be the We recommend that the Co-Coordinators PAT ROBERTS, responsibility of the Federal departments develop ‘‘challenge specific’’ plans based on Subcommittee on and agencies to keep the Co-Coordinators ap- the FRP and CONPLAN to suit each par- Emerging Threats & praised of any changes in their organization, ticular type of terrorist incident: nuclear, Capabilities, Com- management, or budgets as they pertain to chemical, biological, radiological, cyber, ag- mittee on Armed combating domestic terrorism. All agencies ricultural, and conventional. The plans Services. and departments involved in combating do- should focus on application of the unified JUDD GREGG, mestic terrorism should participate in an an- command structure across territorial, juris- Subcommittee on Com- nual review process coordinated by the Co- dictional, and intergovernmental lines. The merce, Justice, State, Coordinators, who should undertake this re- resulting matrix of response plans should and Judiciary, Com- view on behalf of the President. In con- also reflect the possibility of a simultaneous mittee on Appropria- ducting this review, the Co-Coordinators attack involving two different types of weap- tions. should consult with the appropriate entities, ons, particularly a cyber attack. The purpose of creating a separate re- REPORT TO THE VICE PRESIDENT including Congress and the State and Local Advisory Group. The Co-Coordinators should sponse plan for each type of attack is to min- FINDINGS PURSUANT TO THE SENATE HEARINGS make specific recommendations regarding imize delays in decision-making and expedite ON U.S. FEDERAL GOVERNMENT CAPABILITIES agencies’ policies, programs, and objectives action-taking. A plant that is tailored to the TO COMBAT DOMESTIC TERRORISM for combating domestic terrorism as well as specific response requirements of a chemical, I. Leadership.—During the course of the monitor their progress in implementing the biological, nuclear, radiological, or conven- hearings, several agencies announced the national strategy. tional attack will provide a chain of com- creation of a new position that would coordi- III. Justice Reorganization.—One office mand that is automatic. We further rec- nate those agencies’ terrorism-related ac- within the Department of Justice should ommend that FEMA expand its efforts to tivities. HHS is appointing a Special Assist- oversee the work of the entire Department provide FRP and ‘‘challenge-specific plan’’ ant, DOD is designating an Assistant Sec- on domestic terrorism issues. This office training and education to Federal, State and retary of Defense, and FEMA has appointed must work on a daily basis with FEMA as local response personnel. To this end, FEMA a Deputy Director. To improve coordination well as with the FBI’s Counterterrorism Di- should support and cooperate with existing and centralize the policy-making structure vision. The DAG–CT, along with the Deputy DOJ training and planning efforts to ensure within the Department of Justice, we rec- FEMA Director, should be nominated and the broadest dissemination and to avoid du- ommend establishing in law a Deputy Attor- confirmed by the Senate. The DAG–CT would plication. ney General for Combating Domestic Ter- not be in any other chain of command within VI. Risk and Threat Assessments.—Federal rorism (DAG–CT). The position would have the Department of Justice and would not be programs to combat domestic terrorism are as its principal duty the development and co- considered as a successor to the Attorney being initiated and expanded without the ordination of the department’s overall policy General. As with the Deputy FEMA Director, benefit of a sound threat and risk assessment for combating domestic terrorism. The DAG– this position is recommended solely to ad- process. Although it is not possible to reduce CT would report directly to the Attorney dress domestic terrorism, and in no way risk for all potential targets of terrorism, a General. The DAG–CT and the Deputy Direc- should compete with the present Deputy At- rigorous and continuous assessment of risk tor of FEMA, as Co-Coordinators, should torney General position. can help ensure that training, equipment,

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 02:10 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00027 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A12SE6.015 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9310 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 and other safeguards are justified. Such pro- who is willing to propagate endless slaughter Here at home we must continue to grams must be implemented based on the to drive us away and to use weapons of mass work together to bind up the wounds of threat, the level of uncertainty surrounding destruction when required. this nation and heal the widespread in- This pool certainly includes the Osama bin that threat, the vulnerability to attack, and juries and anxieties that these acts the criticality of assets. Ladens of the world. have caused. We are profoundly grate- Because the threat terrorists pose is dy- Again, we should not underestimate ful for the efforts and sacrifices made namic and countermeasures may become the nature and character of our en- outdated, risk assessments must be contin- emies. And they are our enemies. Let by the relief workers, police, and fire- ually updated. A multi-disciplinary team of me recommend to all of my colleagues fighters—and we deeply grieve for experts selected by the Co-Coordinators the book by Samuel P. Huntington, those heroes who lost their lives yes- should generate these assessments as well as terday in New York trying to save oth- a plan for ensuring their currency. Regularly ‘‘The Clash of Civilizations and the Re- making of the World Order.’’ His book ers. scheduled exercises will provide an oppor- This isn’t the first time terrorists tunity to demonstrate and validate the na- should be required reading for all of my tional strategy. This process is crucial to en- colleagues and those within the na- have tried to attack the United suring that initiatives are based on reality tional media and all interested in pre- States—and it won’t be the last. An or- and are proportional to the threat. serving democracy, freedom, and West- chestrated terrorist attack was stopped VII. Research and Development.—The re- ern values. in Washington State when terrorists search, development, testing, and evaluation bringing explosives into the United (RDT&E) of technologies to combat domestic He quotes Arthur Schlesinger Jr. as stating Europe and America are the States from Canada were intercepted. terrorism is currently under-exploited, yet They intended to plant bombs at a New holds enormous potential to prevent—mainly unique source of individual liberty, po- through detection—domestic terrorist inci- litical democracy, and the rule of law, Years Eve celebration in downtown Se- dents. The United States will never be able not to mention human rights and also attle and to kill as many people as to prevent all domestic terrorist incidents, cultural freedom. It is precisely these they could. Fortunately, that plot was but we have an obligation to do more. If we unique concepts that are now under at- uncovered and stopped. This time, we fail to prevent, then we must be ready to re- tack and why we must have an inter- weren’t so lucky. spond. Our expertise must be more aggres- Attacking this country is not enough sively focused on technologies for detecting national response. The principal responsibility of West- to defeat it. It never has been. This is and analyzing chemical, biological, explo- something our enemies have discovered sives, nuclear, and radiological materials. ern leaders, especially now, is not to We recommend that the Co-Coordinators attempt to reshape other civilizations again and again. America’s history is coordinate with all the institutes in this in the image of the West, which is be- the story of a Nation, of a people, who country currently involved in RDT&E of yond our power, but to preserve, to pro- have repeatedly overcome what have combating terrorism-related technologies. tect, to renew the unique qualities of seemed like insurmountable chal- Among these entities should be the first re- Western civilization where they have lenges. sponders, the training centers, the National been nurtured, appreciated, and taken I thank the Chair. Laboratories, the National Institute of Jus- Mr. President, America began as a tice, the National Institute of Standards and root. That responsibility overwhelm- ingly falls to the United States of nation by overcoming tyranny. We will Technology, the National Institutes of continue by overcoming terrorism, and Health, the National Academy of Sciences, America. private universities, and private industry. That statement has foreign and na- we will do it without sacrificing who Terrorist cells are increasingly adaptive tional security policy ramifications we are as Americans. We will do it by with respect to technology, and we must be that deserve a great deal more com- supporting those who have been injured able to anticipate future capabilities. The ment on this floor at a later time. and giving sympathy and support to Co-Coordinators should therefore be tasked I will add one other thing. Every wit- families who have lost loved ones. We with coordinating a technological blueprint ness before the Emerging Threats Sub- will do it by refocusing our efforts on for the remainder of the decade. This plan committee, when we asked about the more security efforts, and we will do it should be based on sound needs and threat by upholding the principles that we all asscssments and should be set specific goals threat against the United States, said: to be accomplished within a defined time It is not a matter of if but when. believe in of ‘‘liberty and justice for frame. When is now. The tragedy is now. It all.’’ I yield back the remainder of my Mr. ROBERTS. This letter followed 3 will not stand. It will not stand. time. days of hearings in which bipartisan The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Members of Congress asked detailed ator from Washington is recognized. Mr. CANTWELL. Mr. President, yes- ator from Idaho is recognized. questions of some 46 Federal agencies. terday’s vicious terrorist attack left an Mr. CRAIG. Mr. President, as our Na- Senators STEVENS, WARNER, SHELBY, uncounted number of Americans dead tion mourns, my prayers—our pray- GREGG, and ROBERTS offered this letter and injured, and countless others griev- ers—are directed to the victims and the as a blueprint from which to eliminate ing for friends and loved ones they families of the victims who died yester- the current patchwork quilt approach have lost. We offer our hearts and pray- day at the hands of world terrorism. and renew attempts to forge a national ers to those people, who have suffered a As many have noted today, America strategy to combat terrorism and safe- pain so deep it is beyond under- finds itself at war. The question still guard our national security. standing. We support them in their must be answered: Against whom? And Let me warn that this act of ter- pain and grief, we also share it. what exactly will be our response? But rorism may well be just the beginning. Every American was wounded in yes- the fact itself cannot be doubted. At We must understand our enemy. In this terday’s attack, because it was an at- this time, most observers suppose that regard, I quote from a retired Army of- tack on our freedom and fundamental yesterday’s terrorist attacks were per- ficer and author, Ralph Peters, who values as a people. Some have called petrated by a well-known terrorist warned several years ago: this attack an act of madness, but it group. My remarks will be based on These warriors are made up of the true be- was not. It was an act of war—an orga- that reasonable supposition. It is fur- lievers, those who will die for a cause, ther supposed that these attacks could whether religion, a nationalist vision, or a nized, coordinated, premeditated mur- conviction of ethnic superiority, and a desire der of thousands of Americans, de- not have been mounted without state to avenge wrongs suffered whether real or signed and carried out for political ad- complicity. There are strong suspicions imagined. Even when they are our enemies, vantage. We will not allow it to go as to which state has primary culpa- they are heroes to their own people—another unpunished. bility. Once that determination is thing we do not understand—witness the We will stand behind our President as made with reasonable certainty, the young Palestinians waving flags upon learn- he brings our law enforcement, mili- U.S. response must include a strategic ing of the terrorist attack against the tary, and intelligence forces together assessment toward that regime, or pos- United States. to find these murderers and their al- They do not deal rationally with our sibly regimes, as well as tightening do- standards and we falter when we rely on lies. And as he takes the steps nec- mestic security and reassessing our at- them to do so. Repeatedly, we have failed to essary to demonstrate clearly to all titude toward terrorism as war. see the appeal of the upright man, perceived the world that terrorism against our In the comments about yesterday’s as such by his own people, who hates us and nation will not be tolerated. events, it is good to note that most are

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 02:10 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00028 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A12SE6.018 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9311 talking about being at war rather than This policy must be replaced by one ter of this act of terrorism will never our usual tendency to look at these that places a priority on the defense of be a jury. It is history. It is not those acts as exclusively criminal acts. For our sovereignty, our people, and our who were agents in the commission of example, in past U.S. policy toward territory. With regard to yesterday’s this crime that we seek but the organi- foreign-instigated terrorist attacks, attacks, our global strategy should be zations that are responsible. such as the World Trade Center bomb- reexamined to include undermining the At the outset, it must be made clear ing in 1993, the U.S. Embassy attacks harboring regimes or regimes by diplo- this is not a law enforcement matter. in Kenya and Tanzania, Khobar Tow- matic and possibly military means; It does not matter who rented the cars ers, or the U.S.S. Cole, they have been adopting a more positive policy toward or even who flew the airplanes. They based on the ‘‘criminal model.’’ This is nearby countries opposed to such re- are agents of others. I will find no sat- the notion that our main task is to gimes; and pressuring countries with isfaction in their indictment, whether gather evidence, identify and appre- which the United States has friendly they are alive or deceased. It is those hend perpetrators, and build a case suf- relations, but that may be supporting who wrote the plan, harbored the con- ficient to convict them beyond a rea- the harboring regimes, to cease that spirators, gave them sanctuary within sonable doubt in the court. support. their borders. This criminal model obscures the These efforts will require a thorough It is not enough that we are pursuing strategic implications, which should be assessment of American policy. No part a legal case against those who are re- our main concern. The criminal model of it can be left out. We do not stand in sponsible for this crime. It has become should be replaced with a warfare a situation of isolation today. Our axiomatic to suggest an act of war has model adapted to 21st century condi- neighbors will gather around us. Let us been committed against the United tions in which war no longer means a examine ourselves into the 21st cen- States. Those are our words. But our confrontation along a defined front be- tury. Let us use our ability in that con- deeds are suggesting that we believe we tween armies fielded by industrial text to shape a new foreign policy and were simply victims of a hijacking, states. Instead, under conditions in resolve that what happened yesterday that a murder was committed, a crime which the distinction between state in this country shall never happen of large proportions but ordinary in and private violence is not relevant, again. concept. war means determining within a moral I yield the floor. We are missing the point. If those certainty the responsible actors—state The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- who committed this crime wore uni- or nonstate—and delivering a dev- ator from New Jersey is recognized. forms or had a flag or a capital, the re- astating punitive and exemplary re- Mr. TORRICELLI. Mr. President, the sponse of the United States would be prisal. Consideration should be given to calendar and history rarely perfectly clear: This operation would be run a congressional declaration of war coincide. It was remarked that the 20th from the military, not the Justice De- against such state and nonstate actors. century really began in August of 1914 partment. It would be the Air Force, Based on past experience, it is inevi- with the commencement of European not the FBI, conducting operations. table that part of the response will in- hostilities. It may, on reflection, prove I support the President of the United volve a further tightening of security to be true that the 21st century did not States, but I do believe, with all re- procedures right here in this country. begin when that famous ball fell in spect, we are not properly conceiving These measures, which almost never Times Square; it began on September the magnitude of the moment. A fis- are removed once they are put in place, 11, 2001. sure of history was reached yesterday, have little utility, except to tighten The world has now been introduced and in all of our sorrow and our grief, Federal control over Americans, and it to a new and difficult struggle against we are not yet seizing the moment. really should be minimized. That is not terrorism, asymmetrical war, held It is my belief the President of the to say we ought not look at them, con- along the fissure lines of culture, pros- United States should come to this Con- sider them, and where they are best perity, and commitment to law. gress and ask for a declaration that used, estimate their value—but not I regret that the front lines of this since September 11, 2001, the U.S. Gov- overestimate the outcome. More im- new struggle have formed through the ernment is engaged in general hos- portantly, they are a measure of our communities I represent in northern tilities against a series of terrorist or- failure of strategic vision. New Jersey and our neighbors in New ganizations; that in these hostilities, Instead, we should concentrate on York City. Last night, children waited we will not respect the sovereignty of identifying the hijackers who flew the at home for parents who never arrived. those nations that give safe harbor to airplanes to their targets, and deter- Spouses held dinner for husbands and those who committed acts against our mining how they entered the United wives who never came home. The bat- country and our people. States. This is what we ought to be tlefield of this new war was Manhattan I recognize that it is not possible about. Misguided efforts to relax bars and Jersey City and Fort Lee and with precision to identify every organi- to aliens on whom security agencies Queens. We are all soldiers. zation that was complicitous or in- have derogatory information should be There is a temptation to accept that volved. I also do not believe that it is shelved. Border controls should be this new chapter in the war on ter- necessary. Many of these terrorist or- tightened. rorism in a new century is merely a ganizations previously committed acts While targeted reprisal is a necessity, continuum of the same. Perhaps the against the United States. Others are it should be accompanied by a com- scale and the intensity is only different known to have planned such oper- prehensive reexamination of U.S. post- from Lebanon or Saudi Arabia or, in- ations. Many have the intention of cold war strategy. Currently, that deed, the World Trade Center itself 8 committing such acts. Together they strategy is largely based on cold war years ago. represent a network that is a worthy inertia, consisting primarily of main- By definition, it is fundamentally and legitimate target of our hostilities. taining, extending, and perpetuating different. The very scale of this attack Second, I cannot return to the people our status as ‘‘the world’s sole-sur- and the premeditation of those in- of New Jersey who have lost hundreds viving superpower’’—in effect, exer- volved suggest that the organizations or, tragically, even thousands of citi- cising global hegemony, and preventing or the nations that planned this attack zens without explaining the role of the the emergence of any potential rival, intended to strike at the Government U.S. Government in their defense. The such as China or Russia. of the United States itself. scale of what occurred in the last 48 This policy, with its focus on global I offer these observations not because hours may have been unpredictable, dominance rather than domestic de- I differ from the President of the but the source and the means and the fense, where it should be, makes the United States but because I offer my targets were not. United States more vulnerable to ter- support and because I believe that, as a The American people have trusted rorist attack, not less. We have to look Congress and as Americans, we must this Government through our intel- at global policy, but clearly we must all stand together in this moment ligence communities to defend our Na- focus now more than ever on domestic when we are all tested. But I do offer a tion and its people and our varied in- defense. difference in my observation. The arbi- terests. This has not occurred. It is my

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 02:10 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00029 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.064 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9312 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 belief that the President of the United recommendations to put countries on world than the world we are required States should form a board of general the terrorist lists that are not cur- to accept today. On the most basic and inquiry to review the actions of the rently there but that ought to be; to fundamental level, we have lost the U.S. intelligence community and the make a better effort to limit fund- lives of heroes and victims, and we failures which led to this massive loss raising of terrorist organizations right know that behind the devastating num- of life and compromise of national se- here in the United States; to examine bers we have all been seeing are real curity. the so-called Deutch requirements per- people, with real families, with real It can never be enough to explain taining to criteria for recruiting lives, with real accomplishments, and that the unforeseeable happened to the agents—this cripples our efforts to in- real hopes. We also know sadly for all unprotectable because neither is the filtrate certain terrorist organiza- of us that we can never, ever reclaim case. tions—to enhance information sharing those lives. Only two decades into the 20th cen- and cooperation between law enforce- We can honor them and remember tury, Winston Churchill remarked: ment and intelligence agencies such as them, and in their names we can de- What an extraordinary disappointment the FBI and the CIA; to examine the vote ourselves to take every action to the 20th century has been. safety of our airlines and our airports. assure that no other Americans have to Here in our first year of a new cen- Clearly, measures must be taken to in- make this supreme sacrifice. tury, on behalf of all those at home crease security here. My Scripture teaches us to weep with who suffer, who have dealt with uncon- Two years ago, the major airlines at them that weep and be of the same scionable acts, let me simply say what Boston’s Logan Airport and the Port mind one toward another. a disappointment the 21st century has Authority were found to have com- I speak now to the families of those already been. mitted 136 security violations. In the who have been taken. We in this Cham- I thank the Chair, and I yield the majority of incidents, screeners hired ber cannot erase yesterday, although floor. by the airlines to staff checkpoints in we wish with everything inside us that The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- terminals routinely failed to detect we could. In the difficult days and ator from Arizona. test items such as pipe bombs and years to come, we will keep their lives Mr. KYL. Mr. President, today our guns. These glaring security failures and their names and their sacrifices in entire Nation confronts an evil in- must be the subject of prompt congres- our hearts, and we will translate our flicted upon it by those who resent our sional scrutiny. We must reevaluate grief and our anger into a determina- values and our way of life. All of us ad- our intelligence-gathering activities tion to prevent this tragedy from ever dress the Nation as Americans, not worldwide and devote appropriate re- being repeated. partisans. That is as it should be when sources. I know this is little solace for their we are hit by a tragedy of this mag- The Nation had no warning of this at- extraordinary loss, but it is an impor- nitude. tack, though it was clearly long tant commitment that I truly believe I first want to join my colleagues in planned and very well coordinated. I every one of them would wish us to assuring our fellow Americans our Gov- join my colleagues in calling for make. We will not forget, and we will ernment is carrying on the business of prompt hearings to examine this fail- act. the people. Our Nation has not bowed ure of our intelligence network. For 225 years now, America has been and will never bow to violence and ter- We must now assess how we ascertain more than a nation—state, more than a ror. what information is credible about at- set of borders, more than a piece of tacks from abroad and how we might Second, I join in expressing our love land. America is an idea, and that idea have missed what was clearly an elabo- and concern for the victims of these is freedom: Freedom of thought, free- rate plot to undermine and demoralize evil deeds. We will never forget them. dom of movement, freedom to shape the United States. In the process, we Third, if our words are to have effect, our lives and our society the way we should recognize the information which we have to change the way we deal choose. would justify the action is very dif- with terrorism. Things have changed. Yesterday morning, it was not just No nation can ever be completely safe ficult to come by in cases such as this. A very important point is that our America that came under attack. It from threats to its security, but sadly Nation must decide how it is going to was the hopes and aspirations of free- today our Nation is forced to recognize deal with terrorists and the nations dom-loving people all over this world. what many of us have long known: that There is a reason America does not that harbor them after attacks of this America is vulnerable to attack. But kind. President Bush, in his statement bow to terrorism. There is a reason we there are steps we can take to make it yesterday, emphasized this point. live by the rule of law and not the rule safer. Terrorists are frequently protected of the jungle. There is a reason we re- As members of the Intelligence Com- internally by certain nations or they turn to our homes and offices and re- mittee, and as chairman and ranking are very much on the move and dif- claim our skies and our pride. There is member of the Senate Judiciary’s Sub- ficult to find. But after we have identi- a reason we will marshal our resources, committee on Terrorism, respectively, fied who is responsible, if the perpetra- all our resolve and the awesome Senator DIANNE FEINSTEIN and I have tors cannot be brought to justice in the strength of our military to catch these held a series of hearings on rec- United States, then, as other speakers death mongers, to punish them, to ommendations about how to deal with have noted, we must be prepared to make them pay for what they have terrorist threats. Some have to do with take other appropriate action. done to us and our people because we the overall organization of our Federal The legal authority to do that could surrender our freedom to no one. Government to deal with these threats be in a new form of declaration of war, I commend President Bush for his and the aftermath of such attacks. a war on the terrorists who engaged in leadership in this extraordinarily dif- Others bring Federal law into con- this evil activity, as well as those who ficult time. I urge all my colleagues on formity with law enforcement and the harbor and support them. In the end, both sides of the aisle to stand with intelligence community needs to pur- the greatest way for us, as leaders, to him. sue evidence and information nec- confirm our commitment to the vic- From time to time, from issue to essary both to thwart terrorist attacks tims of this evil is to dedicate our- issue, the votes in this Chamber are di- or to prosecute the perpetrators. selves to a real and forceful battle vided, but when it comes to defeating Former FBI Director Louis Freeh against this terrorism. Action not terrorism and hate, the Senate will not testified before our Terrorism Sub- words, that is the challenge before us. be divided. committee for several years that he As Prime Minister Winston Churchill Some have wondered, in the after- needed certain legal authorities to in- said in 1940, ‘‘Let us brace ourselves to math of this tragedy, whether our vestigate these kinds of crimes, includ- our duties.’’ country will ever be the same. We need ing things such as trap and trace au- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- to make our airports safer, and we will. thority which would give the FBI ator from North Carolina. We need to make our flights more se- greater ability to trace computer Mr. EDWARDS. Mr. President, we cure and their flight patterns more in- crimes to their source; additionally, awoke yesterday to a much different violate, and we will. We need to do

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:16 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00030 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.068 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9313 more to root out terrorism in the coun- spent most of his workdays training York, Pennsylvania and Washington, tries where it is tolerated, funded, and others to fly Boeing 757’s and 767’s. to the crisis. Especially those whose re- harbored, and the world can rest as- That way, according to newspaper re- sponse only meant that they them- sured that we will. ports, he got to spend more time with selves became victims of this hostile The strength of our Nation is meas- his wife and teenage son, Matthew. But tragedy. ured not in airport scanners or in flight trainers must fly every so often, and This morning New York Mayor Rudy controls; it is measured in the grit and Dahl apparently scheduled himself on Giuliani said ‘‘we are better than they the will of our people when it is needed Flight 93. He died yesterday morning are.’’ A simple statement, but it accu- the most. By that standard, America is when the plane slammed down into a rately reflects a truth. America is bet- the strongest, toughest, most resilient Pennsylvania field. This is one name, ter than evil terrorists, America is bet- Nation on the face of the Earth. one short background, and there will ter than sneak attacks on innocent ci- Scripture also tells us ‘‘whoever shall be thousands more. vilians, America is better than fanat- be great among you, let him be your But America is strong. No terrorist ics, and America will prevail in this minister; and whoever shall be chief can undermine our country. There is crisis. among you, let him be your servant.’’ no casualty figure that could come The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Mr. President, we glimpsed that from this that will make us lose our ator from Illinois. greatness yesterday in the rescue ef- fundamental purpose as a nation and a Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, today forts in New York City and at the Pen- people. Anyone who doubts this only we know our duty as Americans. We tagon—policemen, firemen, military needs to look at the flags popping up will bury our dead, we will comfort our personnel, and so many brave volun- on streets, the lines outside blood do- wounded, we will honor our heroes, and teers putting themselves and their nation centers, the supplies being gath- we will protect and defend our Nation. lives in harm’s way to help others. Too ered for the survivors. America has We will stand as one against the many of them paid the ultimate price long exported compassion by respond- treachery visited on America on Tues- for their acts of courage. ing to African droughts and Central day, September 11, in the year 2001. We invite our friends and allies My Senate office was flooded yester- American hurricanes and European among the civilized nations to not only day with calls from concerned people earthquakes. Now we have to deal with share our grief but also to share our de- in North Carolina, people who wanted a massive tragedy in our own land, and termination to end the scourge of ter- to give blood, to donate clothes and I am sure we will do so strongly. rorism. The enemies of America, the blankets, to open their hearts in this I was in a meeting yesterday dealing enemies of freedom, unleashed their time of solidarity. I am especially with Middle East security when my fury yesterday in New York and at the proud that a group of Marines from Chief of Staff came in and told us that Pentagon in an effort to destroy our re- Camp LeJeune in Jacksonville, NC, is the building was being evacuated. It solve. Our enemies have failed. preparing to leave for New York now to occurs to me that aspects of life in the Today our hearts are heavy for all of assist in any way they can. Middle East—terrorist attacks, public the innocent lives lost and scarred by Today, we can’t help but think how fear and public mourning, heavy do- these barbaric terrorists. But our re- fragile is the safety and security we mestic security, checkpoints, rigid air- solve has not been shaken. We stand as have been taking for granted. But line safeguards—could quite possibly be one, committed to freedom. We stand throughout our history, we have incorporated into the American way of as one, committed to tolerance. We weathered war and pestilence; we have life as well. Things that we have seen stand as one against those who kill the met every kind of disaster, both nat- before only on TV broadcasts from for- innocent in the name of righteousness. ural and manmade; we have mastered eign lands could be brought home to We stand as one against those who in every challenge and conquered every us, right here in America. the name of God perpetrated godless foe. I trust the Nation will understand acts. The spirit of America is strong. The that these new measures might change In the days ahead, we will undoubt- power of freedom will overcome. And our lives, but not our way of life. In- edly learn of unparalleled, selfless by reaffirming that freedom through creased security might, for instance, courage by so many, the firefighters strength, justice, and compassion, we add to travel time, but not effect our and police, who awakened yesterday as will honor the memory of those who ability to travel. Just as we learned to they did every day of their professional have departed and give renewed pur- live with safety wrapping on store lives, pinned their badges and shields pose to those of us who must now carry bought items and metal detectors in over their hearts, and risked their lives on. public buildings, we are going to have for people whose names they never I yield the floor. to learn with new airport and border knew, of the hundreds of firefighters The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. security. who streamed into that inferno at the JOHNSON). The Senator from Colorado. Our Nation once also learned, World Trade Center while every human Mr. ALLARD. How much time re- through necessity, to deal with the po- instinct told them to flee the over- mains? tential of nuclear war. Some of the old whelming danger. We will never know The PRESIDING OFFICER. Five Cold War defenses we incorporated into the details of their many courageous minutes. our lives were even able to assist us in acts nor about the battles waged on the Mr. ALLARD. Mr. President, Presi- this new war we face. The North Amer- airliners hijacked by the terrorists. dent Bush last night did what many of ican Areospace Defense center— But we owe the deepest debt of grati- us do in times of trouble: He prayed. NORAD—in Colorado Springs was mon- tude to all of those Americans who When we prayed last night, we did so itoring the highjacked airplanes yes- demonstrated remarkable heroism at not only for those who were injured or terday. America’s time of testing. killed yesterday, but for what our na- We in the Government are going to I say to the families of those fallen tion and people are still to face. have to answer ‘‘What next?’’ The Sen- heroes and to all of those who suffered After the horror of yesterday, there ate has already approved supporting in- a loss from this violence: This Nation are still other horrors to come. One of creased resources in the war to eradi- will stand by you as you rebuild your those horrors will be the casualty fig- cate terrorism, and supporting the community and your life. ures. The disaster is so large we don’t president in punishing the perpetrators I say to our friends in Israel: This at- even yet know how large it is. Some of the attacks. tack on America was an attack on our time, in the next few weeks, we are The phrase ‘‘war on terrorism’’ has alliance and our common values. going to hear a number, the number of been used lightly before. This is a war. The terrorists set out to bring Amer- the dead and permanently missing. It And this war cannot be fought by, as I ica to its knees. Instead, they have will probably be in the thousands. have heard it mentioned, by just using brought America to its feet, stronger I would like to take a moment to cruise missiles to blow up tents in a than ever in our alliance with Israel mention Capt. Jason M. Dahl, the pilot desert. and more understanding of the price of United Airlines Flight 93. This 43- I thank again the thousands of per- terrorism exacts from the heart and year-old Ken-Caryl Ranch, CO, father sonnel who have responded, in New soul of people.

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 02:10 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00031 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.070 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9314 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 A word of caution to all of us: As we of terrorism throughout the world that I call on the Senate and the Congress identify the sources of terrorism, it is really threatens every civilized nation, and the President. I hope we think possible we will look to an Arab per- and we have to understand the com- about the young people. I hope we take son, or a group of Arab people, or those plexity of the challenge we face. the time to explain to them why we are of the Muslim faith. We should never In closing, I am reminded of the com- going to retaliate. I hope we take the allow those facts, if they turn out to be ments of Winston Churchill in the time to explain to them why we are true, to cloud our judgment when it House of Commons on October 8, 1940: going to change some of the security comes to our fellow Arab Americans Death and sorrow will be the companions procedures of our country in terms of and those who believe and practice the of our journey; hardship our garment; con- getting on and off interstate and even Muslim faith. Many of them share with stancy and valor our only shield. We must be local transportation. I hope we explain us the pain and sorrow of yesterday’s united, we must be undaunted, we must be to them why there are no people in the tragedy. inflexible. gallery here today—which I object to, Let me bring this tragedy very close Thank you, Mr. President. by the way. to home. During the course of the Civil The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- But I think it is incumbent on those War, Abraham Lincoln came to Wash- ator from Alaska. of us who are mature to try to guide ington as the new President. The Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, per- these people toward the goal we hope States began to divide into the Confed- haps because I represent the State that they will pursue with us; that is, the eracy and the Union. When he arrived, has the youngest age population in the goal of pursuing the perpetrators of this Capitol dome which you see out- country, I approach this subject from a these vicious terrorist attacks against side was under construction. Many peo- different point of view. the United States, and to support us in ple went to the President and said: Mr. Many have said that this terrible, what we have to do. We should take President, we can’t afford to wage a cowardly attack against our country time to understand their feelings. We war and build this Capitol dome. He by terrorists is similar to the experi- should take the time to try to explain said: Yes, we can, because that Capitol ence we had at Pearl Harbor. I think to them why we may not react the dome represents the unity of this coun- perhaps Senator INOUYE and Senator same way they would. try and what we will be after this war. AKAKA might have had similar experi- I had calls from all over the country During the Civil War, he continued the ences. But those of us who were alive yesterday. I don’t know if everyone construction of that great dome we see and part of the younger generation else did. I assume so. I certainly had an today. And Lincoln was right. then did not have the experiences that enormous number of calls from home. We should a take lesson from that. our young people had yesterday as they They were asking if I was safe and if As we talk about security in America, watched and were just mesmerized by my family and my staff were safe. And we should understand that one of the the live coverage as two great build- the totality of the experience they had, prime targets is the building I speak ings collapsed, of people jumping from people around the country, in viewing from—this Nation’s Capitol, which at- those buildings, of the knowledge of what went on—I have to say myself, I tracts millions of visitors every single how many people were killed and in- was totally shocked when I saw that year. We owe those visitors, their fami- jured, of seeing our Pentagon struck. first tower come down. And then when lies, and the thousands of people who This vividness has affected the young the second one came down, I just felt a work here the security and peace of people of our country much more than lump in my stomach. mind of knowing that we have done ev- Pearl Harbor affected us. We had been The point is, I hope we act in terms erything we can to protect them in this acculturated to the fact that we were of understanding that we have a job to age of terrorism. That means building going to war. We had watched in the lead the country, to have people under- a national visitors center, one which newsreels in 1939, in 1940, and 1941 the stand what we are going to do in the provides the security they deserve. Germans marching across Europe and future. If I have anything to do with it, This beautiful 19th century building the Japanese raping Nanking. Such we will finish our work here very should have 21st century security. I am things came at us in a small bite, as we quickly. I think we should bury our dif- happy to say that Senator BENNETT of might call it today, with a little expo- ferences, find a way to move the appro- Utah as well as leaders on both sides of sure here and there. priations bills, deal with the subjects the aisle believe this is the moment If our generation truly is the great- we have to deal with, and go back to when we should make that commit- est generation, it is because of our par- our homes to try to assist people in un- ment to the national visitors center. ents and our guardians and our teach- derstanding why we are going to act as The last item to which I will make ers. They prepared us for what we knew we must act; that is, we must deliver reference is a small one, but it is espe- would be our duty to fight a war to re- the most fierce retaliation against cially irritating. Yesterday in my store freedom in the world. these people that the world has ever home State of Illinois, after this trag- Our young people yesterday saw just seen, because if we do not—if we do edy was reported in New York, many this total exposure to death and the ef- not—we are going to have some copy- gas stations across our State raised the fects of terrorism. I think we have to cats around the world who think they, price of gasoline dramatically to as be aware of that. They have not been too, can take a crack at this country. high as $5 a gallon. Profiteering in a prepared as young people in this period That is something I would not like to time of national crisis is the lowest of time, when they have all of these see. form of citizenship. It is little better freedoms to the exposure through so But I hope we all keep in mind and than looting during a national tragedy. many means of communication and ac- think of the young people, think of the I have called on the residents of Illinois quisition and knowledge. I believe our children, and try to explain to them to report to me those stations that did young people are in a state of shock. It what they saw and why we are going to it. They should be ashamed. And we is time we thought about that and do what we must do. will report their findings and their sto- what it means to America to have this Mr. President, II Corinthians, 4:8–9, ries to the investigation of the unfair sudden awareness by so many people, states: gasoline prices we have seen in the particularly young children and the We are hard pressed on every side, but not Midwest. younger generation, becoming exposed crushed; Let me close by saying this: America to the visible impact of terrorist activ- Perplexed, but not in despair; will be tested now. We will be tested ity. Persecuted, but not abandoned; because of this tragedy yesterday. We don’t live in a country like Israel Struck down, but not destroyed. Some people said if we can just iden- where they have been attacked on the Thank you, Mr. President. tify that one person who is the leader streets and they have seen bombing Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. President, yes- of this terrorist group and somehow every day. We have really been living terday’s terrorist atrocities against in- capture or take him away, we will end the life of luxury in terms of not being nocent Americans were vicious and the terrorism. That is so naive. Cutting exposed to this type of activity. But it horrifying. They were acts of unspeak- off the head of one serpent doesn’t is here now. We were exposed to it yes- able cruelty unleashed against the clear a viper’s nest. This is a network terday. I don’t think it is over. American people in a shameful attempt

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 02:10 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00032 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.074 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9315 to spread chaos throughout our nation about the impact of this extraordinary I support this resolution because it and instill fear in the hearts of our violence on children. I think many of commits this Nation to bring the per- citizens. But such acts will not suc- us have heard about and seen, as we petrators of the terrorism to justice. ceed, and they never will succeed. were getting ready to come to work We have all heard the speeches here, No American will ever forget watch- this morning, the counseling that is and we are all resolute in this. ing a hijacked civilian aircraft crash being provided to America’s parents I join with my colleagues who hope into the towers of the World Trade and children about how to cope with that we will have the opportunity for Center, or seeing the plume of smoke this violence. resolution. It appears from the brief- rise from the Pentagon in the after- As we seek to find those who per- ings we have received that we have had math of the terrorist attack. No Amer- petrated the crimes, we must also be good fortune in moving the investiga- ican will ever forget the sense of anger resolute and sensitive to the extraor- tion forward, and I hope that we will be and vulnerability that swept our na- dinary concerns about violence that able to identify those who perpetrated tion yesterday, when thousands of in- will have an impact on a whole genera- the crimes and those that supported nocent lives were suddenly, and sense- tion of children. them. There is some indication for that lessly ended by the vicious acts. We have not focused extensively on hope, as we have heard over the last My heart goes out to the victims of this subject in the hours that we have days. But as has been pointed out, we this attack and their loved ones. The discussed this resolution, but I thank will need to be resolute in this under- American people share our anger, our the Senator for bringing this up. He is taking. grief—and our resolve. We cannot bring active in supporting the interests of We have 13 families in Massachusetts back the lives of the fathers, mothers, children, and I think his point is ex- who lost relatives Pan Am Flight 103. sons, daughters, brothers, sisters, rel- tremely well taken. Yet, it was only a few months ago that atives, and friends—although we wish This resolution was overwhelmingly many of our colleagues were talking desperately that we could. We cannot supported by all Members. It is what about lifting the sanctions. Many of yet fully answer the complex questions we can do today. There will be other our European allies, many of our oldest that haunt the country about this opportunities to support activities to friends in Europe wanted to abolish atrocity. As we search for and find the address this tragedy. those sanctions. The resolution recognizes the ex- answers, we pray for the victims and Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- traordinary suffering and the losses their loves ones, and we hope that they sent for 1 more minute. that have been experienced by so many The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without will find a measure of peace and com- families in America today. I think the objection, it is so ordered. fort from our prayers. focus, rightfully so, has been on New Mr. KENNEDY. I can still name the This is a massive tragedy for Amer- York, Pennsylvania, and also the Pen- names of those families who lost people ica, and we must make clear that our tagon. But in my own State of Massa- on Pan Am flight 103. national resolve will not be weakened. chusetts, we have 39 parents who will Years after the Pan Am flight, if we Our country has been tested and tried not be returning home this evening. We are interested in combating terrorism, in the past, and we have always have dozens of children who will be we are going to have to stay the emerged stronger and wiser. We will do missing one parent, and in some in- course, stay resolute, persevere, and so again now. America’s commitment stances, even two parents. There are stay consistent. to the values of freedom and justice scores of people who worked in the Finally, I hope at this time we will has not been shaken in the past. It will World Trade Center who were from not look for scapegoats. I hope that we not be shaken by these acts of ter- Massachusetts as well. And that has are going to be careful, particularly rorism. been generally true about so many with regard to our Arab-American I commend President Bush for his other States. friends. I hope that we will free our- strong statement last evening about Although the targets were in New selves from scapegoating and from the finding and punishing the perpetrators York and the Pentagon—and Lord only kind of conduct which would be helpful of this atrocity. Those who murder knows where the other plane was head- to terrorists who are interested in di- American citizens must have no safe ed—all families feel an extraordinary viding this Nation in so many different hiding place, and those who shelter ter- threat to their lives and well-being and ways. rorists must be punished as well. Amer- to the lives and well-being of their We reject that. We must stick with ica will do everything possible to ap- children. So we all reach out to them. the facts and follow them where they prehend the perpetrators and to iden- I can remember very well the ex- lead us and not involve ourselves in tify and punish those who give them traordinary way people came together that kind of activity. aid and comfort. in my State when five extraordinary The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Like December 7, 1941, September 11, firefighters perished in a fire in ator from Oregon. 2001 will be remembered as a day that Worcester, MA, just a little over a year Mr. SMITH of Oregon. Mr. President, will live in infamy. Just as the Pearl ago. They were brave volunteers, who I think all of us who have an election Harbor attack galvanized the American sought to save two homeless people, certificate and who have been called people in their resolve to prevail in the and we now know that the homeless upon to represent the citizens of our war against fascism and tyranny, I am people had left after the fire had start- State feel an obligation today to come confident that yesterday’s attack on ed. Because of the concern for the two together as Americans, not as Repub- the American people will galvanize our homeless people, they volunteered and licans and Democrats but to come to- citizens and strengthen our spirit to went in, and all of them perished. I re- gether in a way that says symbolically prevail in the ongoing war against member the impact that this had not and in reality to our constituents that global terrorism. only on Worcester but on our State. our ship of state is still on course. It is tragic that these criminals were When I heard, for the first time yes- Yesterday, America was called to en- able to succeed in carrying out the terday, of the loss of some 225 fire- dure yet another day of infamy. And in most brutal terrorist attack in history fighters, more than 50 police officers, times of infamy, in times of tragedy, I on American soil. I pledge to work with and scores of rescue workers, it is find it helpful for us to refocus on the the President, the Congress, and the something that families in my State fundamentals that make us a great na- families of the victims to seek answers felt very deeply about. I know Ameri- tion and a great people. to the many questions that exist, and cans across this country feel very deep- So I say to my friends, my constitu- to do all we can to strengthen the secu- ly about it. ents of the great State of Oregon, that rity of our people and to prevent such We say our prayers for the victims this is a time to come together as a atrocities in the future. The American and their families. We reach out to country the way the U.S. Senate today flag flies high today, and so does our them. We feel, to the greatest extent is showing it can. commitment to our ideals here at that we possibly can, the senselessness Indeed, it is time, as individuals, to home and all around the world. of this violence. And we resolve with reach out to our neighbors, to love Mr. President, I want to commend them to bring to justice the perpetra- them better, to hold our families clos- my friend from Alaska for talking tors. er, and to serve our country with more

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 02:10 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00033 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A12SE6.020 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9316 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 determination than ever in the way we part to respond to this tragedy. The Or- We have several challenges ahead of live our lives. egon Disaster Medical Assistance Team us. First, of course, we must identify Yesterday I was, like all, shaken be- has assembled and is prepared for im- and punish the perpetrators. We must yond words at this tragedy and was mediate deployment by the Office of also honestly then assess our vulner- soon hustled into a room—a secure Emergency Preparedness. Many of ability here at home and then take room—where I was in the presence of their colleagues have already been de- swift and strong action to fortify the Senator DASCHLE, Senator LOTT, Sen- ployed; the Oregon team is still on the security of our critical national infra- ator NICKLES, Senator REID, TOM ground awaiting availability of air structure from attack and to improve DELAY of the House, and a number of transport. Their courage and willing- the ability of national and State and others. ness to serve is one of many bright local authorities to respond to such at- It was not a large group, but it was a lights that have brightened this dark tacks. We must consider with renewed group that normally has daily dif- day. purpose the proposals that have been ferences. Those differences melted The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- made to create a new agency with re- away, and what remained were Ameri- ator from Connecticut. sponsibility for defense of our home- cans determined to seek the greatest Mr. LIEBERMAN. Mr. President, I land, for the decades of security that good of our country. rise to support this resolution. our two oceans have given us are over. That is the kind of unity that has Yesterday was a terrible day of ter- Our enemies can strike at us with ter- preserved America through days of in- ror. Today to me seems even worse. rorism, with cyberattacks, or with bal- famy of the past and can sustain us yet Yesterday, perhaps because the acts of listic missiles. We must raise our guard again today and in the future. war that were carried out against our here at home to those attacks. When I spoke about focusing on fun- people were so horrific, we responded. We have been warned by many ex- damentals, this morning I got out my We moved forward. But it all seemed perts that the threats we will face in little copy of the Constitution. The unreal. Today when I awoke, it seemed the 21st century would be different and preamble is worth reading, as we, Mem- painfully real. It reminded me of ter- more diffuse than those we had faced bers of this body, consider our respon- rible days in my personal life when I over the last half century. That is why sibilities: have experienced a loss of a loved one. we have embarked on a path of trans- forming our military and other Gov- We the People of the United States, in You cope, and then you wake up with Order to form a more perfect Union, estab- the reality and the pain is deeper. ernment agencies to better prepare to lish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, We all feel that today, and we can wage and defend this new warfare. provide for the common defense, promote the only imagine, therefore, how deep and We must now move, after yesterday, general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of pervasive is the pain of those many with far greater urgency, for our en- Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do families whose lives have been dev- emies will not wait. They will not ordain and establish this Constitution for astated by the acts of terror that were delay. They will continue to work with the United States of America. carried out yesterday. single-minded determination to find That preamble, that set of values, I pray that God will be with them our points of weakness and strike at brought people of diverse interests to- and the souls of their loved ones who them. gether to make of States united States are gone, that they will find comfort in We must match and exceed their and the United States the leader of the good memories and strength from their focus and determination. In doing so, free world. Freedom is not free. Amer- faith in God. we must not work and fight alone. This ica knows that now in a renewed fash- I have been very proud to be a Mem- is not just our war. This is a war ion. ber of the Senate over these last few against democracy itself. In defending Our duty in this Senate, in this Con- days. And it continues today, as I lis- against those attacks, the world’s gress, and in this country is now to res- ten to the statements we have heard in other democratic nations must join to- cue what victims remain alive and to this Chamber which should leave no gether with us. I am grateful for the decision by the comfort the families of those victims doubt of our resolve nor our unity in North Atlantic Council today to find who have perished. It is to restore our holding accountable those who at- the acts of yesterday essentially acts, institutions and set aright the shaken tacked us yesterday and sought to de- under article 5, acts of war against us confidence many feel. stroy our Nation. which are acts of war against all of Then it is to seek retribution that is Today we are filled with the deepest careful but certain and as swift as pos- them. feelings of anger and outrage. We want If we are truly involved in a war sible. When I say that freedom is not retaliation, and we will have it. We will against terrorism, then our allies in free, I believe the American people will not rest until we know who perpetrated Europe and elsewhere must come to expect of us a heightened sense of secu- these evils, and we will then respond our side as we came to theirs in World rity, but the balance, we must remem- with the full force of the righteous War II and not tolerate and deal with ber, is that as we seek security we not might that President Roosevelt sum- and maintain normal relations of com- trample on liberty. moned in 1941. merce or diplomacy with nations that The great test of our time in this We must be careful not to mistake harbor terrorists. We must convince tragedy, as one who supports without swift punishment for lasting peace. We them that they will either be allies of reservation the State of Israel, is how are at war. That is true. But this war allies or allies of our enemies. we treat our Arab brothers and sisters is dramatically different from the one History rarely offers respite to vic- who are citizens of this land. We must we engaged in after Pearl Harbor. In tors. We won a magnificent triumph in not repeat the mistakes of the past. We this struggle, vengeance is not victory. the cold war. After World War II, we must be careful. Retaliation for yesterday’s atrocities is were once again at the pinnacle of We are the leader of the free world. only the end of the beginning of what power. But, once again, we face a new We must not trample on freedom, as we should be our response, not the begin- form of tyranny. I am confident that continue to lead. We are the leader of ning of the end of that response. we can and will rise to defeat this new the civilized world. Our retribution If, in fact, as this resolution says, we challenge just as we defeated the com- must not target in any way innocent are acknowledging that we are in a war munism that rose to face us after civilians. They are the leaders of the against terrorism, then we must under- World War II. Our love of liberty has uncivilized world, and we saw their stand that this war is not against a sin- not diminished, nor has our common work yesterday. America is called to gle known enemy but a broad and elu- sense of purpose in protecting it. lead in a different way. We are called sive threat from the forces of terror. Succeed we can and succeed we must. to lead the civilized and the free. And if we are to win this war, if we are The lives of our people, the security of I say, God bless our fellow citizens to protect our security and freedom, we our society, and the strength of our de- who perished yesterday. I say, God must adapt both offensively and defen- mocracy depend on it. bless America. sively to the true nature of this threat I yield the floor. I take this opportunity to recognize and commit ourselves to a long and dif- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- some Oregonians who are doing their ficult struggle. ator from Wyoming is recognized.

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 02:59 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00034 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.078 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9317 Mr. ENZI. Mr. President, yesterday efforts to work with Members on both bility. The world looks to us now to see was a day of great darkness, the likes sides of the aisle and the Administra- what we will do next, how we will han- of which we have never seen before. tion to address all the issues raised by dle the leadership the world has seen us Yesterday we saw the face of evil in a these cowardly attacks. exercise so well for so many years. cowardly and reprehensible act against As do most Americans, I find it dif- Now is also a time for healing and re- the United States. The tragic events ficult to understand how someone birth—for coming together in pride as were a grave reminder of our Nation’s could plan and carry out an attack Americans. Now is the time to renew vulnerability. such as the one we witnessed yester- our commitment to freedom and the Sadly, the light of a new day has con- day. Part of our work will be to review principles upon which we are founded. tinued to show us that the horror of and reconsider our foreign policies and Now is the time to reach out in prayer yesterday was all too real. Our worst to increase our awareness and sensi- to God and to each other. nightmare has come true. tivity to the fact that our actions But for those who hear the sound of We all lost something yesterday, abroad are not always supported by my voice and think we may falter in something very precious and some- some members of the international our commitment to America and our thing very real. I don’t think we will community. We need to be aware that way of life, make no mistake. The light ever again look at the footage of ter- there are those who hate the United of freedom may flicker from time to rorist activities overseas quite the States for who we are and what we rep- time, but it always returns to a bril- same way again. The comforting resent in the world. There are those liance and luster just like the torch thought that protected us in the past, who view our nation and the freedom held proudly aloft by the Statue of Lib- ‘‘It can’t happen here’’ is no longer we represent as a threat to themselves erty. comforting, because it has been shown and their way of life. One thing the terrorists never under- to us in very real and stark terms—it We will rebuild our cities, we will re- stood is that we are a nation of more can happen here. fresh our spirit, and we will renew our than just symbols, and landmarks and President Bush has stated his resolve commitment to the principles upon monuments, though they are all impor- to find those responsible for this at- which our country was founded. As tant and beloved by us all. We are a na- tack and bring them to justice. I sup- Mayor Giuliani said this morning, as tion of strength and spirit and freedom port him in this effort and I am con- we roll up our sleeves and get to work, and we will never yield our commit- fident that President Bush, together we will emerge stronger than ever and ment to our principles, to each other with the members of Congress and the face the future with a renewed spirit, and to our shared future. Last night, today, and for a long people of America will come together united more strongly as one nation time to come, people in Wyoming, in in the next days and weeks as we under God than we ever have been be- Washington, in New York and all over mourn our dead and honor the memory fore. the country will be holding prayer vig- of those who died in the attacks or sub- It is time for us to reassure each ils, attending Church services, and sequent rescue efforts. other, to reach out to our neighbors, reaching out to one another in an em- Yesterday threatens to increase the and to console our children that the brace of faith, hope and love. That is anger we already feel in our hearts and world isn’t a bad place, although there how we will continue, one people, one make us cry out for revenge against are bad people who live in it to be sure. step at a time, to assure each other of someone, anyone. As we prepared to go to bed last our support for each other and to en- We will not allow that to happen. We night, I thought about the days years sure that this terrible tragedy never all know the real goal of terrorism is ago when I, as a father, would listen to happens again. to turn neighbor against neighbor to my children say their prayers before We also join in prayer for the victims make us fear and mistrust the people they went to sleep at night. ‘‘And now of this tragedy, for their families, of our communities. With God’s I lay me down to sleep. I pray the Lord friends and loved ones. We proudly rec- strength and support, and our faith and my soul to keep. If I should die before ognize the efforts of our brave firemen, trust in Him, we can show that we are I wake, I pray the Lord my soul to police and rescue workers who risked bigger and stronger than that. take.’’ their lives to help those in need. Your Our strength as a nation comes from I thought about our children all over efforts were greatly appreciated. You the different backgrounds, cultures, this country and around this world who will never be forgotten. talents and abilities of our people. E went to bed last night who said those Yesterday we witnessed both cham- Pluribus Unum, One out of many, is words and found a terrifying and bers of this great Congress come to- our Nation’s motto for a reason. Yes- frightening new meaning in them. gether as one, united in plan, purpose terday we saw people of every race, re- They will all need the calm and reas- and resolve. May we continue to work ligion and creed working together as suring touch of their mothers and fa- together to make our nation stronger Americans to help those affected by thers to assure them that they are safe and the world a better place for us all. yesterday’s attacks. and we are there to protect them. It won’t be easy, but that never has not We will continue that work in the Those that are responsible for this and never will stop us. May God bless coming weeks, and, as we do, we will do act of terrorism tried to take our spirit and keep us all firm in our resolve. something we have not had to do for just as certainly as they tried to take Mr. CONRAD. Mr. President, I rise many, many years. The task of clean- as many lives as they could. They today not as a Democrat or as a Repub- ing up, repairing and building that acted without regard for those in their lican, but as an American. The vicious, looms before us is great, even for the path, just as they acted without regard premeditated terrorist attack on our greatest nation on earth. for our freedoms or our way of life. country cannot stand. We are joined in Yesterday’s events will raise a lot of There is a price that will be paid for common purpose to defend our Nation questions that will need to be answered their actions. Maybe not today or to- and to strike back against those who as we do our work. How did it happen? morrow, but we will soon know who is have committed these crimes against Why did it happen? What can we do to responsible for these terrible acts of vi- humanity. Operating under the cloak ensure it does not happen again? olence and they will be held account- of secrecy, they destroyed the lives of They are all good questions and they able. thousands of men, women, and children will be investigated and answered. Vice There will be a time for that, some- who were completely innocent. President CHENEY has already been day in the future. As the Bible tells us, Those innocents were not combat- working on ways to improve and in- there is a time for everything and a ants in any cause. They were merely crease our intelligence gathering ef- season for all things. traveling to rejoin their families, or forts. Now these improvements must be Now is the time to find the facts, de- going to work, or heading for a holi- given the highest priority. As the velop a plan and make sure that every day. They were harming no one. But Ranking Member of the International step we take in these next few days is terrorists bent on destruction trans- Operations and Terrorism Sub- warranted and necessary. For we are formed airliners into flying bombs and committee of the Foreign Relations the most powerful nation on earth, and attacked them, attacked us, and at- Committee, I pledge my time and my that brings with it a certain responsi- tacked America.

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 02:59 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00035 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.082 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9318 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 Let the word go out that we will not We as Americans are all united on have rooted out those who perpetrated be deterred, we will not be defeated, we this issue. We can respect article I of these vicious actions against our coun- will not be denied basic justice. These the Constitution if we are talking try. I yield the floor. evil perpetrators of mindless violence about a declaration of war. We can re- The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mrs. will be pursued and found, and they spect the War Powers Act. We can act MURRAY). The Senator from Kansas is will be held to account. together as an executive and as a Con- recognized. Let these adversaries understand gress to be sure we are unified, not just Mr. BROWNBACK. I thank the Chair. that they have aroused the awful wrath emotionally, but as a government and Madam President, I appreciate the of a mighty nation. We are united, we a country when the necessary acts words of my colleagues on such a seri- are determined, we are committed, and have to be taken to retaliate against ous matter before this body. I, as an we will prevail. God bless America. those who have committed these deeds. American, as a Kansan, and a Member The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- The second resolve relates to the sug- of the Senate, am deeply saddened at ator from Wisconsin is recognized. gestion by some that perhaps the the loss and tragedy our Nation has Mr. FEINGOLD. Mr. President, let American people will grow weary of suffered, the shock of which still stuns me, on behalf of the people of the State our involvement in the Middle East us today. of Wisconsin, express our condolences and our concern about the Middle East. I also express the complete unity of to all those who have lost loved ones We will not retreat from our commit- all of us in the Congress in our abso- and, of course, offer our expressions of ment to peace in the Middle East and, lute determination to respond to this concern to those who are injured, and more specifically, we will not reward atrocity quickly, wisely, and force- all the family members and friends who these terrorists by reducing one iota fully. We will rescue survivors, bury are suffering today from this tremen- our support for the State of Israel, our dead, rebuild our centers of com- dous tragedy. which is the only democracy in the merce, and find the killers. Already I want to join with others who have Middle East, which is our steadfast ally there is order; soon there will be jus- thanked the courageous individuals in militarily and otherwise. If those who tice. New York and Washington and else- committed these deeds believe this is Kansans and Americans must be as- where who are helping to try to save the way to destroy Israel or destroy sured that our country will remain whomever they can. And, of course, I the link between our two nations, they strong and will become stronger share the intense feeling of rage and have just made a very large mistake. through this trial. Every hour I hear of resolution when it comes to these acts. Let me also mention two cautions, new reports of Americans volunteering I had the same reaction a lot of other and others have already done this their time, their medical experience, people did when I heard the news. It today, but it is important to express their resources, and their blood to help happened when, for the first time in this. One is, as we look for answers and their fellow citizens. We are responding my life, during the recess I had a we look for solutions and we look for to the evil of terrorism with the best of chance to visit Pearl Harbor and tour the things we must do, domestically as human nature, and I thank everyone with the admiral there and get a sense well as externally, we must continue to who has sacrificed to help those in need of just how terrible and surprising that respect our Constitution and our civil in Washington and New York. The un- attack was. liberties in this country. I am the sung heroes and untold stories are the For many of us, that is why this ac- chairman of the Constitution Sub- bright lights in this dark sky. tion yesterday was so reminiscent of committee of the Judiciary Com- We will not only help the hurting, Pearl Harbor. It was an attack on our mittee. I recognize this is a different but we will seek out and find those territory. It was an evil act. So when world with different technologies, dif- killers. To terrorists and the nations some of us make the comparison, that ferent issues, and different threats, but that harbor them, we have this to say: is not to suggest which situation was we must examine every item that is We will find you, and we will deal with more dangerous or what was a greater proposed in response to these events to you as you deserve. Justice will be sacrifice. Really, what it is about is an be sure we are not rewarding these ter- done. expression of gratitude and love across rorists by giving up our cherished free- If there are rogue nations or terrorist the generations but at different times doms that they do not believe in and groups that think they can intimidate in our history. Whether it be Pearl that they would like to destroy. our country, they are mistaken. I Harbor or yesterday’s attack, the Finally, the other caution, which has strongly agree with President Bush’s American people are asked to do ex- been mentioned by so many, particu- statement that: traordinary things —to defend our free- larly eloquently by Senator SCHUMER, America and our friends and allies join dom. the senior Senator from New York, this with all those who want peace and security In that context, I want to mention should not be an occasion for ill-treat- [and that]. . . .We will make no distinction two elements of resolve and two cau- ment of Arab Americans, Muslim between the terrorists who committed these tions. The first resolve is that, obvi- Americans, South Asians, or others in acts and those who harbor them. ously, this situation is almost certain this country. It is wrong. They are as I hope, from this dastardly act of ter- to require military action. As a num- patriotic as any other Americans and rorism, we will find support coming ber of people have said today, this is are feeling extremely stressed as a re- from many quarters of the world to not about simply bringing people to sult of this situation. I have already fight this global scourge of terrorism. trial or finding a legal standard. I heard some reports of some acts, and I Already I have been in touch with peo- agree with those who say that these roundly condemn them. We must stand ple in several countries and spoken were ‘‘acts of war.’’ together, all Americans of all back- with them about their need to help us As one who has frequently questioned grounds, to condemn these actions. and found their quick statements of our military intervention and the wis- Let me finally say, already in the willingness to help us in support. dom—for example, our intervention in middle of this enormous sadness, I can I have spoken with Jordan’s King Kosovo and Bosnia, whether we really already see our country responding. I Abdullah, who is vigorously assisting went about it the right way—this situ- can already feel from the contacts we the United States, and also there are ation is different. It requires a strong have had back home and the comments other Arab countries, to encourage and aggressive military response when and actions of our colleagues here that calm and reason in the Middle East and we are able to determine exactly who we are responding in the best possible to support us in finding those who have we should be going after, and I under- way to this unprecedented challenge. conducted these heinous acts. We ap- stand we are pretty close to being cer- I thank all my colleagues for the way preciate the efforts of Jordan and tain of that. in which things have been handled in thank her people and her King. One reporter already asked me if the last day, and I look forward to There is another point that needs to what we did today constituted some- working together to make sure our en- be made. The culprits are terrorists, thing similar to the Gulf of Tonkin res- emies understand that we will not not the Arab people or those of the olution. Of course not. It is not a blank stand back and we will remember this, Muslim faith generally or any other check. we will remember it every day until we group. Individuals are guilty of crimes,

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 04:23 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00036 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.083 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9319 not classes of people. In this instance, sustained on what will become, I am security is at stake, but even more im- as always, we should reject unfair char- certain, a new day of infamy: Sep- portantly our fundamental values are acterizations or generalizations tar- tember 11, 2001. under siege. geted at groups of people. While our enemy may not be another American citizens, Christian, Jewish, We had already been investigating re- nation in the traditional sense, the Muslim, have denounced this terrible ports on another matter in our State strike against America was, in fact, an violence. It is important we condemn associated with gasoline price gouging. act of war. Our Nation now needs to the guilty but recognize that our We are confident that the problems demonstrate the same kind of moral American principles, the principles of will be resolved in short order. Oil sup- clarity and courage that characterized our Constitution, keep us from unfairly ply channels remain open. Measures the World War II generation. Three im- stereotyping any ethnic or religious are being taken to ensure the uninter- mediate steps need to be taken. group. We need now, more than ever, to rupted flow of oil, and anyone who does First, of course, is that our Nation remain united as Americans, to put engage in the disgusting practice of extends its prayers and its assistance aside partisan politics, in this new war price gouging in a time of tragedy will to the victims of this monstrous and against the evil forces of hatred, intol- be prosecuted. shameful attack. I am proud that erance, and barbarism. I encourage my fellow citizens to South Dakotans have overwhelmingly God bless our Nation, and on this contact offices in their States and pub- responded with offers of blood and very difficult day, God bless the fami- lic authorities if there is any way we other assistance. lies who have lost so much. God bless can be of assistance in dealing with While our Dakota homes may not our effort for renewed vigor in main- this matter. often be at direct risk from attacks of taining the principles of our democ- The Congress will be convening in this nature, we fully understand the racy. both joint and special sessions strike against New York and Wash- I yield the floor. throughout the remainder of this week. ington was a strike against all Ameri- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- That is an important statement of our cans, wherever we might live. ator from Oklahoma is recognized. resolve to continue to conduct busi- The numbers are staggering, but we Mr. INHOFE. Madam President, I ness, even though it is not business as recognize in those numbers are real have heard so many sincere speeches usual. I certainly intend to be at every lives and real people, real children who by Members of the House and Members session and meeting that involves our have lost their parents, real parents of the Senate, and I have heard a lot of current national crisis. who have lost their children. The peo- redundancy. We certainly have the re- I assure every American, particularly ple of South Dakota are grateful to the solve to do all we can to go after those Kansans back home, that we are heroes who did so much to save so who were responsible. united, we are resolved, and we will many, many of whom gave their own The one question I have heard over seek justice to be done, swift and sure. lives in the course of that effort. We and over again is: Did we receive a I ask for your prayers for all the vic- share the sorrow of the rest of the Na- warning? Were we warned this was tims and their families and offer my tion for those lives that were lost, going to happen? I look at this in a lit- deepest condolences to the families and those families who have forever been tle different context in that this should appreciation for the many prayers that devastated by this hateful and shame- serve as a warning to us. It is time to have been offered and the help that has ful attack. get something on the record in the already flowed so richly to those who Second, we recognize we must re- Senate as to what this means and what need it. spond in a spirit not of revenge but of it really could mean in the future. I finally note, in the weeks and justice. Our enemies, however, must Ironically, at the time this happened months ensuing, we will be a changed understand that justice can be severe I was on the ninth floor of the Hart nation. There are many things with indeed. We must make careful but swift Building in the Nation’s Capitol com- which we will need to deal. We will determinations about the guilt of our plex, and I was looking out the window need to deal with this battle, this war enemy and make it very clear we will as I was speaking to a group. The last that we are in with terrorism, and we not distinguish between terrorists and phrase of my speech was the same as it are going to have to fight it much more those who attempt to provide a safe has been since 1995, and that is: We in aggressively. It is an insidious conflict. harbor for terrorists. the United States are in the most vul- We are going to have to get at it at its Anything short of the capture and nerable and threatened position now as roots around the world, and we are punishment of these people will only a nation than we have ever been in this going to need much help from many serve to encourage more terrorism Nation’s history. As I said that, it hap- corridors. We will seek that, and we against the United States and against pened to be right at 9:30 and I saw this will fight and win this battle even all other liberty-loving nations billowing smoke come up from the area though it is different from any other throughout the world. of the Pentagon, to find out later the we have fought. We will pull together Third, the United States, in conjunc- tragedy really took place. as a nation and do it. This will not be tion with its democratic allies all over We are vulnerable, and we are vulner- a Republican or a Democrat issue; this the world, needs to make substantial able in three areas, certainly in con- will be an American issue, as wars have improvements in our antiterrorist ventional forces being one-half the been in the past, and we will wage it strategies. That means far better intel- force strength we were in 1991. We have successfully. ligence gathering and infiltration of to understand this; the American peo- I pray we will continue and we will terrorist cells so that plans for vio- ple have to understand this: We de- grow from this experience. May God lence against innocent people, wher- ployed our very rare resources to keep the souls of those who have lost ever they may be, can be intercepted places where we should never have sent their lives. May God save those who at before they are carried out. It means an American, such as Bosnia or such as this hour await rescue. May God lift far better air transportation security Kosovo. the weighted hearts of the families of efforts than anything, frankly, that More than any other reason our vul- the missing and the dead. May God pre- has yet been developed. nerability is that we had the oppor- serve all those who love freedom in this As a new member of the Senate Ap- tunity to have a missile defense system world. May God bless the United States propriations Committee, I vow I will do in place by fiscal year 1998, and I say of America. all I can to work with this administra- this criticizing the previous adminis- I yield the floor. tion to make certain that adequate fi- tration because they did not realize the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- nancial resources are made available threat was out there, the threat was ator from South Dakota is recognized. for all of these efforts. real. We have veto messages from Mr. JOHNSON. Madam President, Make no mistake, the recent attack President Clinton that said: I will veto not since December 7, 1941, has the against the United States of America any bill that has money in it for a na- United States suffered such a damaging was intended as an attack against the tional missile defense system because blow on our own soil as the cowardly principles of democracy, of personal the threat is not there. In fact, a threat and hateful terrorist attack our Nation liberty, and of religious tolerance. Our is there. So in looking back at what

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 02:59 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00037 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.085 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9320 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 happened yesterday, I think we should weapon of a terrorist could become a The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- have that as a warning to us of what reality very soon. ator from Texas is recognized. could be even more devastating than The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Mr. GRAMM. Madam President, yes- what we witnessed yesterday. ator from Hawaii. terday, terrorists attacked the temple I mention what I consider to be six Mr. AKAKA. Mr. President, no words of American capitalism and the center incontrovertible facts. First of all, we can ever convey our regrets, our sad- of American democracy. With all of are facing enemies who have the weap- ness, our shock, our loss from the great their terrible sophistication, they na- ons and the skills and the mentality to tragedy of September 11, 2001. The new- ively have seemed to believe, by de- strike without warning. We know that. ness of the century, of a millennium, stroying buildings and killing our peo- No. 2, they are willing and able to has been tarnished forever by the blood ple, that they can kill an idea. Cap- target innocent civilians within our of innocent victims shed by anonymous italism and democracy are the most borders. assassins, terrorists whose only moti- powerful ideas in the world. They are No. 3, virtually all countries have vation is an evil hatred. the crowning achievement of mankind weapons of mass destruction today, bi- All our prayers are with the victims on this Earth and they are not going to ological or chemical or nuclear. and their families and friends. When be destroyed by terrorists. No. 4, at least three countries—I say the final list of casualties is known, I Our task today is to find out with at least because we know North Korea, am certain that every state, and per- certainty who did these terrible deeds, Russia, and China have ICBMs that haps every nation in the world, will and then it is our obligation to make will reach the United States from any- have been touched by this calamity. war on them. I am not talking about place in the world but we do not know Our prayers will be with them forever. criminal justice. We are not going to be for sure that they are the only three We will remember each and everyone reading anybody their rights. No one is countries because we do know China as long as we live and then our de- covered by Miranda. Any country, any has been trading systems and tech- scendants will remember them too. It city, any region, and any person who nology with countries such as Iran, will be their memories that guide us in makes common cause with those who Iraq, Libya, Syria, and Pakistan. So we the difficult days ahead. make war against America is making do not really know how many there Their deaths have reminded us of our war against America, and the wages of are, but we know at least they exist common humanity, that what we share sin is death. I believe these people have out there. is greater than what separates us, and a hate that we cannot comprehend or No. 5, we have absolutely no defense. that the fabric of beliefs which makes understand. We are only going to be I hope Americans understand that if a us Americans is strong enough to resist safe when these people are captured or missile came over from anyplace in the any cowardly act by terrorists. Where killed. world, we would be totally naked. We one American falls, another will stand. We are hearing a lot of talk today have no defense against an incoming Each of us shine as a beacon of our about what we can do to be safer. I ICBM. shared beliefs in freedom, liberty and want to be safe. But let me make it No. 6, the will is out there. No one justice. In the dawn after this dark day clear: I don’t want to change our way can question that the will is there. We we will all shine. Those who expect us of life. I want to change their way of can remember even China saying back to be weakened will be sadly mistaken. life. If we start infringing on our own during the Taiwan Straits demonstra- Those who think Americans are soft freedom, if we start limiting our own tion: We are not concerned about and fearful will be astonished by our freedom to move about our country America coming to the aid of Taipei strength and determination. I was a and engage in our business and live our because they would rather defend Los young man when Pearl Harbor was at- lives, then we are giving up what this Angeles than Taipei. Then we remem- tacked. I witnessed the bombing of war is about. We want to change their ber what Saddam Hussein said in 1991: Pearl Harbor by Japanese torpedo and lives. We want to hunt them down in If we had waited just 10 years to go bomber planes from my dormitory in any dark corner, in any hiding place on into Kuwait, the Americans would not the hills above Pearl Harbor. Then we this Earth. have come because we would have had knew our enemy and he thought our We want to be relentless, and we the ability to launch a missile. And will could be shattered by one frightful don’t want to be constrained. here it is, 10 years later. day of disaster. Instead our enemies in I believe it is important that the peo- I hope no one has any doubt, there Europe and the Pacific learned that ple who did this terrible thing pay for should not be one Member of the Sen- where we had been broken, we healed it. I think if they pay for it, then we ate that has any doubt—of the fact and became stronger. can make the world safer. that if someone is willing to drive an Today we begin to become stronger. Finally, let me say that any Amer- airplane into those towers, they would We begin by mourning our dead broth- ican who watched the bravery of ordi- deploy a missile to the United States of ers and sisters. We begin by comforting nary citizens in New York and in Wash- America. the survivors. And as we pick up the ington, who watched police officers and I, like everybody else, watched TV. I bricks and the steel and sweep away firemen risk their lives, had to be watched that skyline and the devasta- the glass and dust, we begin to identify proud of what Americans did yester- tion in New York. I saw the skyline of our enemies and design the strategy for day. I have never been more proud to New York City and the two towers im- defeating them. be a citizen of America than I was yes- ploding. If that weapon had been, in- There will be no place that our en- terday—ordinary people doing extraor- stead of an airplane, a nuclear war- emies can hide, no sanctuary for them dinary things under terrible cir- head, we would be looking at a cinder. to cower in. We will seek them out and cumstances. It would not be 10,000, 20,000 or 30,000 justice will be done. It will be a long I know when we start getting the people who lost their lives; it would be process but it will be thorough. We names of people, especially in New everybody in that area. We would be have come brutally to understand that York and here at the Pentagon, who talking millions. It is a very real terrorism is an evil beyond our borders were killed, there are going to be many threat. The ultimate weapon of a ter- that still threatens our homeland. We people on that list who we know. I rorist is a missile with a nuclear war- have come to understand that our en- knew Barbara Olson who was killed on head. We now know that. We have been emies want to extinguish the light of the airliner that crashed into the Pen- warned. freedom which shines from America. tagon. She was a staffer here—a dedi- We should make our No. 1 priority We have come to understand that the cated, brilliant woman. She called her not just to go to our intelligence sys- only way to resist the darkness of ha- husband, Ted Olson, our Solicitor Gen- tem and our conventional forces but to tred is to spread that beacon of light eral, and even facing death was talking immediately get busy on being able to even farther from our shores. From about what she could do to try to re- deploy a system at least to defend this battle we hope will come not just sist. I am not surprised that she was America against a limited missile at- a stronger, safer America, but a better, brave because I knew her. My heart tack. This should be our No. 1 priority. more secure, freer world. goes out to her and to everyone else We are now warned. The ultimate May God bless America. who suffered.

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 02:59 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00038 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.088 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9321 We cannot tolerate this act. We can- I also believe that we could imme- We have been, to some degree I not simply go through the motions. We diately turn our attention to the secu- think, handicapped by seeing these have to hunt these people down and rity of our airlines. There is a large events in terms of our criminal justice kill them. They deserve it. They made pool of willing ex-military personnel system. As a Federal prosecutor, I war against America. out there who possess the rudimentary know about the difficulties that have I want people to stop talking about skills to be effective, temporary air to be overcome to prosecute a person bringing them to justice. This is not marshals if given a crash training and convict them beyond a reasonable about justice. This is about war. These course on the basic requirements of doubt. You don’t have that burden people brought war to the mainland of that job. Another option may be to when you are in war. We are in war America and killed thousands of our have active duty military personnel do today, or at least much closer to war citizens. They have no rights. I think that job. than we are to a criminal justice case. we have to hunt them down wherever We should also install ‘‘communica- Thinking in terms of war will give us they are and use whatever power we tions hardware’’ aboard each aircraft more freedom, once we identify who have in order to see that they don’t do that would let pilots make emergency the people are, to act effectively this again, and that no one else ever transmissions to air traffic controllers. against them. Locating them, however, has the courage to do it again. With today’s ‘‘star wars’’ capability, I is a difficult problem. We can identify Thank you, Madam President. believe it is possible to outfit each air- them, but where are they at a given The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- craft with an emergency transponder time? ator from North Carolina. combined with an ‘‘open mike’’ type I believe it was Branch Rickey who Mr. MILLER. Madam President, I am system that would be strictly for one- said: Luck is merely the residue of de- pleased to have been on the floor to way communication from aircraft to sign. As a prosecutor, I know in inves- hear that speech from the senior Sen- air traffic control. The pilot or crew tigating cases you have to have some ator from Texas. The Senator is a great members could push a button, much luck, but you won’t have luck if you patriot, and his forthrightness is going similar to a silent bank alarm, that are not out there working. You will not to be missed. would instantly alert authorities. It have the break in the case that identi- The victims and the loved ones of could also serve as a hidden micro- fies where these people are until and this horrible act of war should be in phone in the cockpit or in the pas- unless you are out there shaking that our prayers. The perpetrators and senger cabins. tree, doing everything possible those who give them shelter should be Those are some of my thoughts today throughout this world to identify in our bombsights. for whatever they are worth at this ter- where they are. Then you make your After Pearl Harbor, the Japanese re- rible time. luck. marked that the ‘‘sleeping giant has To paraphrase President Roosevelt, So that is what we have to do with been awakened.’’ I pray that ‘‘the this Nation will endure as it has en- regard to locating these people. And sleeping giant’’ has again been awak- dured, but we must change the way we make no mistake, I am absolutely con- ened, and that we are ready to change do business drastically. fident that, if we remain steadfast and the way we do things. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- determined, we will locate these peo- For too long, after terrorist attacks ator from Alabama is recognized. ple. Then we have to develop a plan to have happened, it seems America’s first Mr. SESSIONS. Madam President, I apprehend or destroy them. We have to and foremost interest has been to am honored to have the opportunity to trace them back to their lairs and please our friends, and then, if per- say a few words today after the most make sure they are no longer capable mitted, punish our enemies. terrible tragedy that we suffered yes- of inflicting this kind of death and de- After yesterday and from here on terday. It was a dastardly attack on struction on this Nation or the world. out, that must be reversed. America’s our Nation that has occasioned the The Romans, a number of years ago, first and foremost interest must be to greatest loss of life domestically I sup- in the Mithridatic wars faced this prob- punish our enemies, and then, if pos- pose in our Nation’s history—men, lem. The pirates had grown in sible, please our friends. women, and children, police, firemen, strength. They were all over the Medi- Our response should not only be swift soldiers, and all of the families and terranean. There were tens of thou- but it must be sustained. As I said yes- friends will be with us on this Earth no sands of them. Shipping was threat- terday, our will as a country has been more. Our hearts go out to those who ened very seriously. They had to face a tested. Too often in the past terrorist suffered pain and injury. Our hearts go decision; and they made that decision. attacks have not been answered as out to the families and friends who are According to ‘‘Appian’s Roman His- forcefully as they should have been. grieving tonight. All over America, tory’’ this is what happened: Oh, yes, there has been indignation, this great Nation hurts. When the Romans could no longer endure even outrage. There has been wringing My own church, just for example, the the damage and disgrace they made Gnaeus of hands and sad talk. We have shaken Ashland Place United Methodist Pompey, who was then their man of greatest our collective heads in dismay, sighed Church, had a time of prayer yesterday reputation, commander by law for three over our cocktails, then have gone for our families, our Nation, and its years, with absolute power over the whole home, had a nice dinner and got into a sea within the Pillars of Hercules, and of the leaders. That is happening all over this land for a distance of 400 stades from the comfortable bed, feeling safe and se- country. As President Bush said, pray- coast. They sent letters to all kings, rulers, cure that it is not going to happen er is an important factor in providing peoples and cities, that they should aid here, that it is not going to happen to this Nation strength. Pompey in all ways. They gave him power to us. We must ask ourselves: Now what raise troops and to collect money from the Well, it has happened to us. It has can we do? What are our possibilities? provinces.... happened here. Our world has been I believe we can do a better job of And they raised an army. And they turned upside down. It will never be preventing these events. Our tech- developed a plan. They set about to the same again, and it shouldn’t. niques work for some time, but after a execute that plan, and it was a bril- We must strike the viper’s nest—even period of time people learn how to get liant plan. They killed 10,000 of the pi- if the viper is not there. We know that around them. We can improve that. We rates, and the rest surrendered. It was the Taliban and the Government of Af- can do a very good job of identifying the end, and it broke the back of this ghanistan have nurtured Osama bin the people who commit these crimes. kind of activity. Laden for years. The diabolical plot Second, in almost every single ter- We have a similar time today. We was probably hatched there. Certainly rorist act that has involved the United simply have to be determined. We have similar plots have been. And it is time States, this Nation has been able to to remember the friends that have been for us to respond. identify the people who were behind it. lost. And I, too, as Senator GRAMM, re- I say, bomb the hell out of them. If Third, we can take steps at which we member, with so much sadness, Bar- there is collateral damage, so be it. have not been so successful; that is, bara Olson, such a wonderful, vivacious They certainly found our American ci- taking action against the people who person who loved life and gave herself vilians to be expendable. perpetrate these horrible acts. to it. It is just a tragedy that she will

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 02:59 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00039 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.091 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9322 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 not be with us, one who worked in this fire department, a deputy chief, and de- Americans will remain untouched by Senate as a staffer. So all of us have partment chaplain who stayed at their the mass graves of our citizens that we those whom we have lost. posts as the building collapsed around will now have in downtown New York, In conclusion, every single person, them; soldiers, sailors, airmen, air- in the Pennsylvania countryside, and, every group, every organization, every women at the Pentagon who struggled of course, at our Pentagon. nation must know that if they per- through wreckage to take out sur- These terrorists killed innocent petrate an attack on the United States, vivors, and returned today to work at Americans from every part of our coun- or they support those who attack the their posts; office workers in New York try. We were so saddened to learn that United States, they will pay a cost far who carried fellow workers down 60 Mary Alice Wahlstrom and her daugh- more than their gain. Those individ- flights of stairs to safety. ter, Carolyn Beug, of Kaysville, UT, uals and groups must be hounded to Their bravery and their courage is an were struck down by this senseless vio- their lairs and destroyed. We simply inspiration to all of us. And we are pro- lence. cannot tolerate this kind of activity in foundly angered by those terrorists Mary Alice’s husband of 52 years, the future. Only in this way can we en- who have struck this devious, horrific Norman, described Mary Alice as the sure that the lives lost yesterday will blow against us all. ‘‘happiest lady you’ll meet.’’ As one of be given their full meaning. And only The emotions of yesterday and today the ‘‘kids,’’ she joined with her only in this way can we prevent further at- must and will coalesce into a steely re- daughter to help her twin 18-year old tacks on this Nation. Because to fail to solve to mete out justice to the terror- granddaughters settle in at art school act effectively we will everywhere en- ists, to those who harbor them, to on the East Coast. In this time of grief, courage more groups to attack this those who train them, and to those who we join Norman, her four sons, and great Nation. And a great nation never encourage them. eighteen grandchildren in hoping that encourages attacks upon itself but dis- We must work with our allies to de- our love and faith will continue to sus- courages attacks upon itself. stroy the network of terrorism that is tain each of us during this tragedy. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The time committed to imposing its fanatical We also were devastated to hear of of the Senator has expired. and suicidal pathology on free men and the loss of Barbara Olson, who perished Mr. SESSIONS. I thank the Chair. women everywhere. on the plane hijacked to the Pentagon. Our Nation will, I am confident, fulfill Yesterday we lost what little inno- Barbara was one of the bright lights its role as the greatest nation in the cence that remained in our view of the among conservative commentators and world, defend its people and its terri- world. We have been bloodied. But we legal experts, and her passing will most tory, and bring justice to those who retain a common and constant faith certainly leave a void not easily filled. have damaged us. that free men and women, committed My deepest condolences go to her hus- I yield the floor. to individual progress, and mindful of band, Ted, our Solicitor General, at The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- the dignity of all men and women, will this terrible, terrible time. I called him ator from Nevada. prevail over the fanatic dedicated to yesterday. He was devastated. This is a Mr. REID. For the information of destruction and darkness. terrible time for him and all of us. Members, we have a prayer service to- Archibald MacLeish, the American Many of us were equally grief-struck night, as has been previously an- poet, gave voice to many of the emo- to learn that Lisa Raines, was on board nounced. It starts at 7:30. We are going tions we feel when he spoke of those American Airlines Flight 77. Lisa, al- to have to end business today at about who fell in battle: though only 42, was a senior officer of 7:15 so Senators have an opportunity to The young dead soldiers do not speak. Genzyme Corporation. In Congress, we gather here to move over there. Nevertheless, they are heard in the still recognized Lisa for her incredible tal- I see Senator HATCH and Senator houses: who has not heard them? ent, intelligence, integrity and energy. They have a silence that speaks for them at BREAUX are here. I hope we will under- She was seen a key leader in the bio- stand that at 7:15 we are going to end night and when the clock counts. technology industry and one of the They say: We were young. We have died. Re- the proceedings for tonight. There ap- member us. most effective biotechnology leaders pears to be enough time for everybody They say: We have done what we could but with whom I have worked. My staff and if they stick to the 5 minutes. There until it is finished it is not done. I will miss her terribly. We share in her will be some time perhaps tomorrow. They say: We have given our lives but until family’s sorrow and extend our prayers The leaders are talking about that it is finished no one can know what our and deepest sympathy to Lisa’s hus- now. Maybe in the morning, before we lives gave. band, Steve Push. go to the appropriations bill, we could They say: Our deaths are not ours; they are The grief all Americans feel today is do that. Perhaps we might not, but yours; they will mean what you make barely speakable. I, for one, cannot ex- that announcement will be made later. them. press in words the sorrow I feel for the If everyone would do what they could They say: Whether our lives and our deaths thousands of families profoundly shat- were for peace and a new hope or for to expedite matters, we will have an- nothing we cannot say; it is you who tered by the acts of war perpetrated other announcement later. must say this. against us yesterday by the cowards. I The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- They say: We leave you our deaths. Give commend my colleagues who have spo- ator from Rhode Island. them their meaning. ken so eloquently at such a great mo- Mr. REED. Madam President, we We will rebuild New York and the ment of national tragedy. have suffered an egregious loss. We Pentagon. And although we can never As many of my colleagues have mourn for those who have perished. We replace the lives that were lost, we will noted, our grief is leavened by the pray for those who suffer. We are in- give them their meaning. Let our foes countless stories of sacrifice and her- spired by the courage and heroism of everywhere know that our words are oism. News reports yesterday from New the people of New York, particularly more than a lamentation; they are a York said that approximately 50 per- the brave firefighters and police offi- call to action and a promise of swift cent of New York’s first responders to cers. We are inspired by the fidelity to and certain justice. the attacks on the Twin Towers are duty of our men and women in uniform I yield the floor. missing. These were the policemen, at the Pentagon and around the world. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- firemen and emergency personnel who Ages ago, the Greek historian ator from Utah. rushed to the buildings and entered Thucydides reminded us: Mr. HATCH. Mr. President, yesterday them in a race against collapse—a race [T]he bravest are surely those who have was one of the bloodiest days in Amer- that they lost. I hope that every Amer- the clearest vision of what is before them, ican peacetime history. When suicide ican who sees a fireman or a policeman glory and danger alike, and yet notwith- terrorists attacked New York and today thinks of the sacrifice that these standing, go out to meet it. Washington, DC, they attacked our everyday individuals are prepared to Yesterday we saw the bravest: fire- whole country. make for the good of our society, for fighters and police officers who rushed The horror we witnessed yesterday the good of ourselves every day. into a burning and collapsing sky- when we saw New York’s proud skyline There is no calamity America will scraper, a chief of the New York City shattered will be with us forever. Few withstand that will not be met with,

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 02:59 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00040 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.095 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9323 and overwhelmed by, the decency, the world. But I am extremely troubled We will not now, or ever, flinch in courage and selflessness of Americans by the reports I have read and watched the face of any aggressor or threat to coming to the aid of their own. It will of some communities celebrating this our homeland. be years before we can collect all of attack against the U.S. The United Let those who practice terrorism or these stories and I expect, we never States was attacked yesterday and harbor terrorists have no doubt about will, because it is impossible to meas- thousands of our citizens perished. Now America’s resolve. There is no hiding ure the courage and bravery of Ameri- is the time that we note where the rest place. cans. As John says in the Bible, of the world stands, and I assure you We will find you. ‘‘Greater love hath no man than this; that I will forever appreciate all of the And you will pay a heavy price for that a man lay down his life for his support we receive from our allies and your acts against mankind. friends.’’ friends around the world—as I believe We have withstood worse enemies I also commend my colleagues for American policymakers must take than you. their unanimous support for the ad- note of all of those who offer rhetorical We conquered the evil of fascism in ministration of President George W. or other support for the attackers on Europe and Asia, we rescued democ- Bush. Americans are not partisan when America. racy, and we built a better world. we are to face a common foe, nor are The U.S. Congress will, I know, pro- We defied communism for decades their representatives. vide all of the support and resources powered by the certainty that freedom We will face this foe together, and to- the administration needs to respond to would ultimately triumph over oppres- gether we will prevail. this act of war, so that we can pursue sion. At this moment, we do not know the perpetrators, eliminate them where Tyrants will not take these gains definitely or definitively who is the we need to and bring them to justice from us. Admittedly, today’s foes are dif- perpetrator of this calculated, coordi- where we can. ferent. nated and devastating attack on Amer- I commend my colleagues for this They are faceless fanatics with no ican’s citizens, symbols, economy and resolution. Elaine and I offer our pray- government. And it is up for the ad- clear address or even purpose. ers for the victims and their families, They target innocent people, sitting ministration to determine when they as well as the thousands of brave res- in offices and airplanes. want to announce the perpetrator. I cue workers, including Utah’s Urban But they are sophisticated and well- suspect that when that announcement Search and Rescue team. The team funded. comes, our retaliation will already be consists of fire department personnel Their days are numbered. We will underway. The administration knows from Salt Lake City and County. Our stand united against their aggression, that they have the complete, unwaver- prayers go to the members of our and we will do so in a manner that is ing support of this Senator, as the res- armed forces—the greatest defenders of consistent with the Constitution that olution we passed this afternoon will freedom a nation has ever known. And is the foundation of our greatness. record the support of this body for the our prayers go to President Bush and During this time of national tragedy, administration as it prepares its re- his administration, who are dedicated we stand behind our President and our sponse to this act of war. to peace and must now respond to war. national leaders. President Bush was absolutely cor- May God bless America. We will make the necessary sac- rect last night when he said that we The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- rifices, direct the necessary resources, would make no distinction between the ator from Missouri is recognized. and use American might, technology, terrorists who committed these at- Mrs. CARNAHAN. Madam President, and ingenuity to secure our homeland. tacks and the countries that harbor today—all across America and the But most of all, we will rely on them. world—hearts are heavy with grief. America’s courage and faith, knowing We have reached the end of ambiva- We mourn for the victims and fami- that our country has been a source of lence when it comes to dealing with lies whose lives have been ripped apart progress for humankind for over two terrorism. by yesterday’s horrific and unprece- centuries; knowing that peace-loving And while we may have a difficult dented attack on innocent men, women people around the world will join with battle before us, the United States will and children. us to eliminate this evil that plagues prevail, and the world of freedom-lov- Like all Missourians, I am deeply us all. ing people will benefit. grateful to the rescue workers and vol- To the families who grieve and the My colleagues know that I have fo- unteers whose heroism saved thousands victims who suffer, I say we mourn cused a great deal of time on the of lives. with you this day. Osama bin Laden through the years, Tragically, many of those heroes are But there will be a dawn tomorrow who is widely believed to be the major now among the victims. and many tomorrows after that. perpetrator of this attack. While the Their sacrificial deeds stand in sharp There will be many dawns for Amer- United States government has made no contrast to the barbaric acts we wit- ica. official determination over the master- nessed during yesterday’s air attacks We will prove again what the poet mind behind yesterday’s barbarisms, on peaceful people. Carl Sandburg once said: ‘‘We are we have previously determined that bin The terrorists wanted to do more Americans. Nothing like us ever was.’’ Laden is an armed and active threat than destroy our buildings. They want- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- against this country and its interests— ed to destroy our influence in the ator from Tennessee. and he has been for over a decade. world, the core of who we are as a peo- Mr. FRIST. Madam President, I join We will have plenty of time to dis- ple, and the beliefs we stand for as a my colleagues in support of today’s cuss policy in the coming days and democracy. resolution condemning those who per- weeks, but I say today that the threat They will not succeed. petrated these barbaric and godless of Osama bin Laden and his cohorts I can remember as a young girl the acts against our country. Our hearts must be eliminated. And his protec- shock and sadness we felt with the ache for those who have lost loved ones tors—the Taliban regime of Afghani- sneak attack on Peal Harbor. even as our minds struggle just to com- stan, which has become a front for the But I also recall the undaunted spirit prehend this unspeakable horror. violent, anti-American internationalist of America and our resolve to win a The scope of these evil acts is breath- jihad movement that the vast majority victory over tyranny. taking. The economic losses are stag- of the Afghan people reject—must be We dropped everything we were doing gering, but they pale in comparison to removed from power. The government and devoted our full energy and re- the loss of life that touches so many. of Pakistan, a country with whom we sources to eradicating the threat to The greatest and most immediate have had many constructive relations our freedoms. losses, of course, have been suffered by in the past, must fully cooperate with That resolve is as firm today as it the tens of thousands of Americans us on these goals from this day on. ever was. who have lost family members, who I am very grateful for the expressions The pursuit of freedom is our destiny have lost loved ones. Those are wounds of support we have heard from around as a people. that time will never heal.

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:22 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00041 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.116 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9324 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 As a nation, we have not faced a Indeed, all of us have been touched in Los Angeles. And it just brings all the sterner test in modern times. So I want our own ways by what happened yester- more home the poignant tragedy for all to say to those responsible: Do not day. My own office has been working of us and for this Nation. doubt our resolve. We will not stop with a Louisiana constituent who is Mr. President, we need to go get the until we find you and destroy you. trying to find out the status of her hus- perpetrators. The resolve of this Na- Our country is united. I have never band who was attending a meeting yes- tion and of this Congress is clearly before seen the unity that is every- terday at the World Trade Center. She there. We need to find these people. We where in this country. In Tennessee, all talked with him after the first plane need to hunt them down and we need to across the country, Americans are struck the first tower, but she has not let the message go forth that no ter- joined together in their commitment been able to hear from him ever since. rorist act such as this will ever be tol- to the destruction of this evil. We in- Mr. President, the American people erated in this country again. That goes vite freedom-loving people from around want and expect us to act. They expect for the terrorists and that goes for the the world to join our cause. The Amer- us to act quickly, they expect us to act people who are harboring the terror- ican spirit is alive. Americans are also decisively, and they expect us to act ists. united in our desire and willingness to with great determination so that this We have experienced all too person- help. Blood banks are overwhelmed will never happen to us again. Presi- ally a new kind of warfare, and in the with donors. Special response teams dent Bush and his team have given us process of us exacting this justice—I say justice; I did not say revenge—we from around the country are orga- their assurances, and all of us pray for will protect the constitutional rights nizing to help. A medical group just ar- his leadership and pledge our strong, of all people; we will respect them. rived from Tennessee to assist at the bipartisan cooperation and support in It is important for people in this Pentagon. his efforts. country to rise above ethnic or reli- In the coming days, those of us in We must all act as one. We must all gious prejudice because we are a nation Government will be making decisions act as one Nation and we must all of all peoples and all faiths. But we are intended to help restore the protec- speak with one voice. Let us at the going to get the perpetrators in the tions and the peace of mind that all too same time all be mindful of some cross hairs of the bull’s eye, and we are often we take for granted. points that I think need to be remem- going after them. This is no simple task, and I realize bered. First, these perpetrators are not I yield the floor. that America will never be the same American citizens. They are not enti- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The after the events of September 11. As an tled to the protection of the U.S. Con- Chair recognizes the Senator from open society with enormous respect for stitution. They are not entitled to a Maryland. civil liberties, we are vulnerable to presumption of innocence. They are Mr. SARBANES. Mr. President, we those who would target innocent civil- not entitled to a trial by jury of their have all experienced a daunting na- ians. Airplanes used as flying bombs peers, and they are not entitled to the tional tragedy. It touches every single have joined other terrorist weapons services of a free attorney. They have one of us. As Americans, we stand from which we have been working hard themselves, in fact, chosen the field on united behind our President, speaking to protect ourselves. which they will be judged, and the field with one voice as we move forward in Devastating as yesterday’s damage that they have selected is clearly the the wake of this tragedy, and move for- is, we are forever exposed to huge risks battlefield and not a courtroom. ward as a nation we will. from biological, chemical, and nuclear I urge our Government to proceed This is the time to bring to bear all weapons. All Americans should know carefully but also to proceed not as if of our country’s formidable resources that we are rededicating our efforts to we were preparing for an indictment to of heart and mind. We must reach out better protect ourselves from all of be followed by a trial in which we must to those families who have suffered these risks, even as we strive to main- prove our case beyond the shadow of a grievous loss and to the communities tain the freedoms that we all hold so doubt. What they did to us was to phys- torn apart by this savage act. dear. ically invade our country and slaugh- The challenge we now face will not be President Bush will take the lead, ter innocent people in the process. surmounted overnight. We must seek and we in Congress will work closely What they did was to declare war on out the facts which will be the basis for together with him in the search for an- the United States of America and the our response. We must have a binding determination, a steely resolve to see swers. Pray for us as we go about our people of our country. work. But take comfort in knowing We must respond in kind. Our mili- that those responsible for these hei- that even though our challenges are tary must be fully utilized. The world nous acts will be held accountable. We should not fool ourselves that we great, our commitment is greater. As is watching our Nation and what we do will find a quick or simple answer, but the President said just this morning, should be remembered for longer than we will persevere, and we will work in this is a monumental struggle between what they did. After they are removed concert with democratic forces the good and evil, and good will prevail— as a cancer in this world, we must also world over to see that this terrible the good of the American people and address our own internal security. Peo- scourge, which has just had such dev- civilized people everywhere. ple in our country must know that astating consequences, is eliminated I yield the floor. they can fly without fear, that we can altogether. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. MIL- gather in large numbers and celebrate I thank and praise the heroic efforts, LER). I recognize the Senator from Lou- and be entertained without worry, and the courage, and the sacrifice of our isiana. that our loved ones can live in a coun- police, our firefighters, our emergency Mr. BREAUX. Mr. President, for so try in which we are all safe and also se- medical service personnel—all of the many Americans the day began with a cure. rescue workers who have been involved bright, sunny morning, with beautiful, That is our goal. That is our chal- in addressing this tragic situation in clear skies. It ended with darkness and lenge. We will meet that challenge. New York, in Pennsylvania, and here a profound sense of vulnerability and a I yield the floor. in Washington. profound sense of anger of all Ameri- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- In fact, numerous firefighters and cans. It will certainly be a day that we ator from Florida is recognized. emergency medical service personnel as Americans should, and I argue will, Mr. NELSON of Florida. Mr. Presi- from my own State have responded to never forget. Our greatest sympathies dent, this has been quite a day for all the attack upon the Pentagon, and my go out to those who have suffered the of us. I have the very sad duty in the thanks go out to all of them for their greatest of losses, the death of mem- State of Florida to call the loved ones prompt efforts. bers of their families, their loved ones. of a number of people who were on the This morning, the Baltimore Sun ran Especially our thoughts today are with respective flights. Indeed, I have the a very strong editorial entitled ‘‘An- those people from the New York area sad duty that I will be calling the wid- swer Terror with Resolution.’’ and also for the people from the great- ower and the daughter of a mother Answer terror with resolution. It er Washington area who are most di- from Boston, who also lived in Miami, went on in the course of that editorial rectly touched by this travesty. who was on the flight from Boston to to say:

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:22 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00042 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.099 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9325 The Nation needs unity, clarity, The attacks produced all sorts of pre- come abundantly clear in the coming purpose... cautions across Maryland and the nation. A days. Courage and steadfastness of an review must examine which were sensible America did not seek this conflict, unremarkable, everyday persevering kind, and which were not. Certainly transpor- but we will not shy away from our re- are required. A well-directed and effective tation was needed to get school children and sponsibility to protect life and liberty. response from government is required. Re- commuters home, whether from Washington solve is required to continue on our path to or the Baltimore suburbs. Nations that harbor or shelter terror- do what is right. These are the ways the ter- Panic, chaos, confusion and unnecessary ists must also be treated as terrorists rorists lose. shutdown all reward the terrorist. themselves. A declaration of war would Terrorism must be fought with steely re- We are resolved and determined that make clear to the world that the solve, but also with common sense and preci- United States will no longer stand for they shall lose. sion. I ask unanimous consent that the The United States is supposed to be the violence against innocent men, women, full editorial from this morning’s Bal- only superpower, in an era of peace. Clearly and children be they in midtown Man- timore Sun be printed in the RECORD. the very good things about American society hattan or Murray, Kentucky. There being no objection, the mate- make it vulnerable. But we are not the first As the world’s sole superpower, we rial was ordered to be printed in the people to endure terrorism. bear an awesome responsibility to as- Now Americans understand better what sist those democracies with shared val- RECORD, as follows: Israelis have been living through, what Brit- ues and strategic interests. These na- [From The Sun, Sept. 12, 2001] ish people lived through before the IRA tions, in turn, bear a responsibility to ANSWER TERROR WITH RESOLUTION cease-fire, what ordinary law-abiding Colom- bians are living through from FARC. support the United States in times of ATTACKS ON U.S.: NATION NEEDS UNITY, CLAR- Life, the nation’s business and civil society emergency. Israel, a nation long at war ITY, PURPOSE TO THWART TERRORISTS’ OB- go on. Otherwise, the terrorists win. against some of the very radicals who JECTIVES. The policies of the nation, including the may be responsible for yesterday’s The American people will rise to the chal- search for a just peace in the Middle East, go death and destruction, has already lenge of the most depraved terrorist atrocity on. Otherwise, the terrorists win. pledged to join arms with the U.S. in in history. We were all attacked. We are all Courage and steadfastness, of an in it together, sharing shock, fear and grief. unremarkable, everyday persevering kind, the struggle against fanaticism. We Acts of heroism and altruism amid the car- are required. A well-directed and effective should embrace Israel’s offer, and en- nage in New York and Washington were too response from government is required: Re- list the assistance of other democracies many to be noticed, honored and rewarded. solve is required to continue on our path, to in what may be a long and difficult The nation’s heart goes out to the victims, do what is right. These are the ways the ter- war. the pawns, the innocent chosen at random rorists lose. In the days, weeks, and years to and their loved ones. Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, come, America, alone, or with her al- Terrorism is war. It is also publicity stunt. Yesterday’s horrific and tragic events lies will take action to prevent and Its purpose is to be noticed, to spread fear, to undermine confidence and to provoke the were much more than a carefully lessen the opportunities for such car- wrong responses so as to alienate more peo- planned terrorist attack against the nage to occur in the future. These ple. Terrorism has little function if the cause United States. The slaughter of inno- measures should include: (1) reas- is not known. Usually the perpetrators seek cent civilians, the total destruction of sessing and improving intelligence op- recognition, as well. the World Trade Center, and the sig- erations and capabilities that must This plot showed extreme sophistication in nificant damage to the Pentagon by hi- provide early warning to deter ter- coordinating four plane hijackings, appar- jacked commercial airplanes were a rorist attacks at home and abroad; (2) ently inserting suicide pilots, and going for brutal and outright assault on Amer- identifying terrorist organizations targets that could be hit with weapons that were not the ones against which the United ica, and all humanity. worldwide and actively subverting States was conspicuously guarding. Make no mistake, our country is at their capabilities and very existence; All that suggests a large and well-funded war, and this Congress should consider (3) reassessing and improving airport operation, not a lone wolf. A great deal of a formal declaration. The world must security and the integrity of aircraft thought went into the terrorism. A great understand that America will respond cockpits; (4) enhancing security and deal of cool rational thought should go into with the overwhelming force and con- emergency response procedures for the responses. viction that her citizens demand and America’s most vulnerable targets, in- A civil and open society is vulnerable. But expect. Let me be clear: America will cluding mass transit systems and his- this attack brought the nation and much of the world’s business to a standstill. Clearly, identify those responsible for yester- toric or symbolic sights; (5) increasing airport security for all its nuisance to pas- day’s violence, and they will be de- citizen awareness of suspicious activi- sengers is not as good as U.S. experts stroyed. There shall be no mercy. ties; (6) restricting assistance and im- thought, and the terrorists must have ex- America is at war against fanatics posing sanctions against those coun- perimented and known how to penetrate it. who appear threatened by our free- tries harboring terrorists; and, (7) in- The president has vowed to find and punish doms, prosperity, and respect for the vesting in the promotion of democracy the terrorists, as indeed he should. Virtually rule of law. In the past, this war was and the rule of law abroad. all Americans must want that. In this kind undeclared, but undeniable. The Amer- Once before in our history, America of war, it is important to get the identifies ican lives lost in the 1993 bombing of was the target of a surprise and deadly right. To hit the wrong ones, to make people suffer who did not do it or even help those the World Trade Center, the terrorist attack. As with Pearl Harbor, violence who did, only archieves what the terrorists attacks against U.S. facilities in Kenya has been met with resolve and common want. and Tanzania, and the more recent as- purpose to defeat the enemies of our Most suspicion points to Osama bin Laden sault against the U.S.S. Cole serve as Nation. As in December 1941, our Na- and the network of affinity groups linked to concrete evidence of the ongoing and tion is led by capable and dedicated him. The Saudi-born, Yemenite-descended escalating battle. leaders who are up to the task of re- exile in Afghanistan has orchestrated a great As we sift through the rubble of sponding to terrorist attacks, both for- deal of terrorism, including the bombings of buildings and comfort those whose eign and domestic. President Bush and the New York World Trade Center in 1993, of lives have been shattered, America two U.S. embassies in Africa in 1998, for the Administration know full well that which he has been indicted, and of the USS stands as a strong and united Nation. they have the support and backing of Cole in port in Yemen last October. The shocking events of yesterday did the American people. Vows to get bin Laden have only fueled his not weaken or undermine the founda- On December 8, 1941, President mystique. Yet knee-jerk assumptions he was tions of our democracy, foundations Franklin Roosevelt addressed the Na- behind the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing were that were forged over two hundred tion on ‘‘America’s Answers to Japan’s made foolish by the home-grown terrorist years ago and have been continuously Challenge.’’ His words ring true nearly Timothy McVeigh. strengthened throughout our history. six decades later: ‘‘When we resort to Attacks at wrong targets would only help We fought for our freedoms then, and force, as now we must, we are deter- him. The notion of a war between Islam and the United States of America is his. The we will continue to defend them now. mined that this force shall be directed United States has no quarrel with Islam. Whatever the political objectives of toward ultimate good as well against Most of the world’s Muslims have no quarrel yesterday’s terrorists, they have failed. immediate evil. We Americans are not with the United States. And the extent of their failure will be- destroyers, we are builders. . . . We are

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 04:23 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00043 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.102 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9326 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 going to win the war and we are going Mr. NELSON of Nebraska. Mr. Presi- stand resolute in the face of great ad- to win the peace that follows.’’ dent, I would normally express that versity. The American people have re- The dark minutes and hours of yes- ‘it’s at a moment like this’ when words sponded with the will and the spirit terday failed to bring our country to cannot suffice to express the anguish of that has served as the mortar in the its knees. America’s strength is its di- yesterday’s attack, but there has never construction of our country. America verse people, just institutions, and been a moment quite ‘like this’ in our is back on the job, and will continue to shared values. No terrorist attack will history as a sovereign nation. lead the world. ever extinguish the flames of freedom The magnitude of the events that In the days ahead, we will inves- and democracy. transpired yesterday will be measured tigate, pursue, prosecute and punish Mr. ROCKEFELLER. Mr. President, in an infinite number of ways for years those responsible for these despicable a brutal and cowardly act of terrorism to come. We will mourn with words and acts. America will not be deterred. has taken thousands of lives, destroyed photographs and stories as we try to America will not negotiate or com- great symbols of U.S. power and wrap our arms around this tragedy and promise in our pursuit of justice. wealth, and stolen from every one of us try to make sense out of that which Let our enemies know, and let those a measure of the joy and confidence seems so senseless. who harbor our enemies know, that we that Americans take as our birthright. We are One Nation Under God—a God have declared this to be a new day, a As the poet Yeats once wrote, ‘‘every- who is bigger than terrorism, who is new chapter in history, a time in which thing is changed, and changed ut- bigger than hate, and who cannot be America will renew and strengthen its terly.’’ destroyed by acts against humanity. resolve and its commitment to defeat In this dark hour we all stand with As I have listened to my colleagues terrorism and those who give succor or President Bush and the military and today, I have been deeply moved by shelter to terrorists. intelligence leadership of this Nation their compassion and I share their grief To our friends, we thank you for your in the search for the propagators of and sense of loss. I join with them in expressions of sympathy, and to all this great evil, and for an appropriate expressions of determination to hold people committed to peace, we ask for and strong response. those who are responsible account- your cooperation, your support, and America must respond to this crime, able—to the fullest extent possible. your common dedication to defeating this act of war, rapidly and decisively, In an effort to find hope in the midst the forces of terror and championing with an intensity and determination of this pain, I have focused on the the ideals of free societies. that reflect the outrage every Amer- truth that terrorism cannot expunge So as we move forward to sustain life ican and I feel. A response whose vio- the virtues on which this country was and freedom, we will continue to meet lence and magnitude makes it clear to built. Yes, the landscape has been ir- challenges with resolve and resiliency. every terrorist that their lives are in revocably changed and lives on Earth We will learn from this experience and danger, and makes it clear to every na- tragically and abruptly ended, but our put that knowledge to good use. We tion that the cost of supporting ter- composition, our principles and our will overcome this tragedy. But we will rorism is too high to bear. We will not freedom remain the same. never forget. hesitate to put the strongest military We Americans are a people whose Mr. HAGEL. Mr. President, on Sep- on earth to use as it was intended: to spirit of freedom and democracy will tember 11, 2001, a day that will be protect the lives, safety and property not be defiled by those who choose ter- seared into our national memory, the of American citizens, everywhere in rorism over the lives of our mothers United States was suddenly, delib- the world. and brothers and sisters and fathers. erately and viciously attached by ruth- But we must also respond with a defi- America’s freedom and democracy— less terrorists. Thousands of innocent ant embrace of our way of living. the real targets sought by the enemy— civilians were killed in a brief, violent, The United States must continue to will never be compromised. Ever. and unprecedented massacre. They died make military and foreign policy deci- Yes, those virtues can be challenged. because they were Americans. sions based on our understanding of And they have been to a most uncon- Through the actions of Tuesday, the what is right and what is wrong, and scionable degree. Make no mistake. We United States was violently shaken what is in the best interest of the are at war. But this is not a conven- from a post-cold-war stupor. The at- American people and allies with whom tional war fought by conventional tacks were well planned, well we are proud to stand. means, rather this is an invisible war resourced, and well coordinated by This Nation must remain a free and where the targets are uncertain and deadly warriors willing to kill innocent open society, people of every race and the attacks are unpredictable. There civilians. It was an act of war. From a background must be accepted and em- are no tanks, no troops, and no clear formidable, unseen enemy. braced without fear and without preju- military objectives in this new war. We Today, in the aftermath, America dice. have worked to define and counter sifts through the rubble and debris, And America must continue to prove these new threats to world stability. searching for survivors, victims, evi- to the world the worth of our beliefs But yesterday those new threats, which dence, and answers. While the smoke and of the society we have created by we have sought to define, were made still billows from the Pentagon and remaining the most dynamic force for real. site of the World Trade Center, the growth, creativity and opportunity But just as those threats were made sickening feeling of senseless devasta- this earth has ever seen. real, the spirit of America was re- tion places an icy grip on our hearts. For all that must and will change, newed. Firefighters and policemen in The outrage builds in our national soul for all that has changed already, some Pennsylvania and New York and Wash- as we hear of the phone calls to loved things must remain constant: America ington have worked—and continue to ones that ended with a dead line and of must remain a moral, open and vital work—selflessly to salvage lives, as rescuers who became victims; as we society embarked on a new era of tri- well as clues from the wreckage. These learn the identities of the lost and umph. men and women are heroes—every one began to understand the scope of this Franklin Roosevelt said that ‘‘the of them. Over two hundred workers deliberate act of war perpetrated on only thing we have to fear is fear have perished in the line of duty. Each American soil. itself.’’ Fear is the terrorists’ greatest has made the ultimate sacrifice. This September 11, 2001, is likely to weapon. Together, looking confidently display of courage has been an impor- emerge as the deadliest day in the his- ahead, we can disarm this cowardly tant first step toward healing. tory of the United States. More than and elusive foe. As we survey the emotional and 2,400 Americans perished in the attack The Senate will be searching for the physical damage, we will not brush on Pearl Harbor and nearly 1,500 lost reasons behind this tragedy and for aside the implications of the attack. their lives on the beaches of Normandy strategies that will prevent another, The world is on notice. America is during the D-Day invasion. The Battle similar disaster. I will report to the more than bricks and mortar. Her citi- of Antietam, the bloodiest day of the people of West Virginia regularly, con- zens are strong. I am convinced we will Civil War, resulted in more than 4,800 sistent with national security. show the world how great nations deaths and 2,800 missing. The death toll

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:22 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00044 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.103 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9327 of Tuesday’s terrorist attacks may Mr. BAUCUS. Mr. President, Amer- In the past, the United States has reach the tens of thousands. The mag- ica, sadly, has a new date that will live failed to fully confront those linked to nitude of these losses is unimaginable in infamy for the rest of our lives and terrorist attacks against Americans. and is yet to be fully comprehended. generations to come. Yesterday, it was made clear that we The cold-blooded murderers who Today, more than 24 hours after the can no longer afford to do so. committed this act attempted to strike first terrorist strike that took the lives The United States must now seek to not just the twin towers of the World of countless U.S. civilians, we are only assemble an international alliance to Trade Center but the twin pillars of now beginning to realize that we will identify and eliminate all sources of America, our economic strength and spend many days, weeks, months and support for the terrorist networks that our military might. They damaged the years trying to come to grips with the would wage war on our nation includ- symbols of each—but they could not magnitude of yesterday’s attack on our ing the identification and destruction penetrate the essence of our Nation. freedom. of the larger networks behind these at- America’s indomitable spirit is un- We are left with searing images of a tacks. daunted. We’ve seen it in the actions of horror that could not be contained, So many have drawn a comparison rescue workers who risked, and gave, acts of terrorism that unfolded before their lives to save others. We’ve seen it between September 11 and December 7, our eyes, gripping this Nation and the 1941. And while there are differences, in reports of brave actions attempted world in raw and vivid devastation, on the hijacked planes. We’ve seen it in what President Franklin D. Roosevelt touching all of us with feelings ex- said after Dec. 7 in Pearl Harbor, ‘‘a the lines of volunteers outside blood pressed in public and in private; from banks and the prayer services held date which will live in infamy,’’ applies panic to helplessness; helplessness to to yesterday just as well. ‘‘Always will throughout this Nation. We’ve seen it anger; and anger to loss. in the steely determination of those we remember the character of the on- This morning we stand in this capital slaught against us,’’ Mr. Roosevelt ready to rebuild what has been lost. as one to condemn these attacks, com- We’ve seen it in the resolve of a Presi- said. ‘‘No matter how long it may take fort the victims and their families and us to overcome this premeditated inva- dent and our military, ready, willing, commit our full support to bring those and able to strike back at whoever we sion, the American people in their responsible to justice. Our heartfelt righteous might will win through to determine committed this horror. Our thoughts and fervent prayers go out to Government stands in unity. Repub- absolute victory. I believe I interpret those who have been lost. the will of the Congress and of the peo- lican and Democrat. House and Senate. Our response in the days ahead to the In support of our Commander-in-Chief. ple when I assert that we will not only mass murderers who planned and car- defend ourselves to the uttermost, but We are at war with the scourge of our ried out the attack and to any nation time: terrorism. This was not just an will make very certain that this form or nations that gave them aid must be attack upon America. As Britain’s of treachery shall never endanger us as decisive as was our steadfast deter- Prime Minister Tony Blair commented, again.’’ mination to defend our homeland and it was an attack upon democracy. It Yesterday the world changed for punish the aggressors in the immediate was a blow against the civilized world. every American. What those respon- aftermath of a day that we will remem- Our allies and those opposed to ter- sible for these barbaric acts will come ber as one of the worst in American rorism must unite with resolve and to learn is that our resolve has not. history. commitment to rid the earth of this The challenge ahead will require Mr. ENSIGN. Mr. President, as a Na- plague. We cannot deliver a glancing strengthening U.S. defenses and intel- tion we mourn the loss of so many blow, we must go at the root and strike ligence at home in ways consistent Americans whose lives were tragically at the heart of terrorist organizations with American values. Embassies and ended by these vicious attacks, the and those nations granting them safe military bases must be better defended folks on the airplanes, the soldiers and harbor. civilians at the Pentagon, the office America will be forever changed. As along with domestic airports and other civilian targets. workers at the World Trade Center and with Pearl Harbor, our very way of life the rescue workers who tried to save has been threatened. We must look at But this does not mean that we can allow terrorists to alter the funda- them. Each one of them had family, whatever shortcomings in either intel- friends, and loved ones, and plans for ligence or security procedures allowed mental openness of U.S. society or the government’s respect for civil liberties. the future. We cannot begin to fathom this tragedy to happen. But we must the incomparable grief their deaths not relinquish the freedoms that make If we do so, they will have won. Some have rightfully declared that have produced—of mothers who lost us Americans. If we abandon the lib- sons, husbands who lost wives, children erties we cherish, the terrorists will yesterday’s attacks amount to an all out declaration of war against Amer- who lost parents. have won. While we bow our heads in prayer for America will stand together, as we ica. If so, then we will have to make those whose lives were taken, we re- always have when our Nation is threat- sacrifices by accepting greater incon- main unbowed in the face of this hei- ened. We will defeat this enemy. venience in public places and perhaps As President Franklin Delano Roo- developing and cultivating a height- nous assault on our Nation. The terror- sevelt said on December 8, 1941: ened sense of awareness common in ists who perpetrated this crime may have succeeded in striking the symbols No matter how long it may take us to other free nations that have come to overcome this premeditated invasion, the accept terrorist activity as a price for of American power, the World Trade American people, in their righteous might, openness and democracy. Center and the Pentagon, but they can- will win through to absolute victory . . . But above all, a state of war means a not touch the spirit of the American Hostilities exist. There is no blinking at the national bipartisan commitment to at- people or our commitment to defend fact that our people, our territory, and our tack and defeat our Nation’s enemies. our liberty, our democracy and our interests are in grave danger. With con- way of life. fidence in our Armed Forces, with the There can be no greater purpose to our unbounding determination of our people, we foreign and defense policy in the years I have full confidence that the United will gain the inevitable triumph. So help us ahead. States has the will and ability to deter- God. This means that we must embark on mine which terrorist group is respon- As I arrived at the Capitol early an unprecedented effort that will take sible for this assault on our homeland, Wednesday morning, I was greeted by us beyond arresting individual suspects as well as those states that are giving the sounds of fighter jets and military or engaging in isolated attacks as has them refuge, and those entities that helicopters in the air above Wash- been done in response to previous inci- are providing them aid and financial ington. But I heard something else as dents such as the attack on U.S. mili- support. well, a clear sound that pierced the tary in the 1996 Khobar towers bombing We must deliver a punishing blow to morning air, a lone trumpeter nearby in Saudi Arabia, or the 1998 bombings these terrorists and those who aid and played the National Anthem. of the U.S. embassies in Kenya and abet them, because terrorists only un- God bless the United States of Amer- Tanzania by Osama bin Laden’s net- derstand one language, the language of ica. work to name a few. force.

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:22 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00045 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A12SE6.031 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9328 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 Anything less than a full response to charities that are helping the victims them in their vital work. Our com- these cowardly attacks within our bor- like the Salvation Army and the Red mander-in-chief and all the men and ders would be appeasement. And his- Cross. We can go out to our front yards women of our armed forces, our law en- tory shows that appeasement against a and proudly fly the American flag to forcement community, and our intel- determined enemy only encourages send a signal across oceans that we will ligence agencies must know that we more attacks. The terrorists who came not be cowed by terrorists. stand behind them as perhaps never be- to our country to kill and maim its The Nevadans in our Armed Forces fore in my lifetime, as they set about citizens, along with those who protect stand ready to fight and die to defend with grim resolution to ensure that them, must be made to pay a price. their Nation. Let us pray for them, for justice is done to those responsible. And the United States should be ready all our men and women in uniform. Let And the evil people who planned and to act with a clear conscience in its us pray for President Bush our mili- committed these atrocities, and those self-defense. tary leaders, and for all the rescue who may have aided and abetted them, Let there be no doubt: We are at war. workers and victims. And most impor- must know that far from paralyzing It is not a war we choose to fight, but tantly, let us pray that, in this strug- the American people and dividing us one that we will finish and win. gle between good and evil, the right- fearfully against each other, what they The last time an act of war was com- eous will prevail. have done instantly is to unite us into mitted against the U.S. on our soil, at Mr. DAYTON. Mr. President, today, I one people. We awoke this morning Pearl Harbor, our military and eco- join with my Senate colleagues in united in the solidarity of grief and nomic power combined to form the united support for this joint resolution. commitment to our fellow-citizens, and greatest fighting force the world had I share their horror and outrage at the utterly single-minded in our deter- ever seen. Admiral Yamamoto had terrible atrocities committed yester- mination to remain unbowed and to see called us a ‘‘sleeping enemy.’’ He woke day against our country and our citi- justice done. us to his great regret. The terrorists zens. Those criminal acts will not be These, then, are the messages that who committed these crimes have forgotten, and they will be avenged, at we must send today—and that we must made a similar mistake, they have the right time, against their evil per- keep sending with relentless deter- awoken a sleeping giant. Americans petrators. mination in the difficult weeks and are slow to anger, but once roused we One hundred years ago, at our Min- months ahead. America lost a measure are indomitable. nesota State Fair, Theodore Roosevelt of innocence yesterday, a degree of Today, the men and women in this spoke his famous words: ‘‘Speak softly, that special separateness that has great chamber are not Democrats or and carry a big stick.’’ Today is a day helped to keep our land of liberty safe Republicans, but Americans. And as to speak softly and briefly. Words can from some of the storms that have long Americans, we in Congress stand barely describe our reactions, our re- battered other peoples in an often tur- united in support of our Nation’s lead- vulsion, and our resolve. bulent world. er, the President of the United States. Let there be no doubt: our Nation We are clearly not as separate, nor as You will not hear partisan bickering. will recover from these despicable acts. safe, as once we thought. But no one You will not see members trying to We will learn the painful lessons nec- should doubt our resolve and our resil- lead from Capitol Hill. The United essary to strengthen our domestic and ience. It is in moments like this that States must speak with one voice and foreign intelligence capabilities, our the special character or our great Re- act in concert for the good of our na- air traffic emergency system, and our public can and should shine through tion. guarantee to our citizens of their safe- with particular brilliance. It shines We will stand united, because Ameri- ty wherever they live, travel and work. through in our sacrifices in helping our cans always unite in the face of adver- We will support our President and his fellow citizens in terribly trying times. sity. We cannot allow these acts of ter- associates as they identify those re- It shines through in our commitment, rorism to divide Americans by race, sponsible for these vicious assaults and even in adversity, to the bedrock val- ethnicity, or religion. If we start fight- retaliate against them. We will move ues that make our system of govern- ing, neighbor against neighbor, then forward and we will move ahead. No ment worth protecting even as these the terrorists have won. We will have one anywhere should doubt our na- values draw the murderous ire of twist- destroyed the very foundation of our tional strength and resolve; our private ed souls whose only answer to the dis- country’s greatness, the fact that peo- and public actions in the days and course of liberty is a vocabulary of vio- ple of all backgrounds can join to- months ahead will prove it. lence, terror, and death. gether in the great American experi- Ms. COLLINS. Mr. President, Ameri- As we rescue survivors and comfort ment. cans woke up this morning a sadder the bereaved, we also will set about As our Nation prepares to confront and angrier people. It is very difficult finding those responsible. We must re- the threat of terrorism, we must be to wrap one’s mind around the terrible spond to these horrors in ways befit- careful not to destroy the freedom tragedy this country suffered yester- ting our voice as a free and united peo- which makes this country great. We day, and still harder to comprehend ple. But let there be no doubt. Respond must not abandon civil liberties within what must have been in the hearts of we must, and respond we shall. our borders or our ability to act unilat- the people willing to commit such As difficult as it is to find a voice to erally outside our borders if we want to atrocities against their fellow human talk about the horrors we experienced be safe. As Thomas Jefferson warned beings. It is very hard even to find the yesterday morning, I believe that by us, ‘‘Those who desire to give up Free- words to speak about it. finding our voice amidst such shock, dom in order to gain Security, will not But speaking about it is something rage, and pain, we reaffirm our most have, nor do they deserve either one.’’ that we must do. The American people cherished principles. With God’s help, Nevada is proud of our slogan, that and the government of the United we will persevere, find comfort in our we were ‘‘Battle Born.’’ It is on our States of America must today speak grief, and find strength in the days State flag. It reflects the firmness of with crystalline clarity. The families ahead. purpose and the willingness to fight for and friends of those killed or wounded Mrs. MURRAY. Mr. President, yes- what is right that is so much a part of in these awful terrorist attacks must terday I was in a meeting here in the the character of the Nevadan people. know that the prayers of every Amer- Capitol, when I looked out the window This is as true today as it was when ican, and of millions upon millions of and I saw something that I will never our state entered the Union during the people around the world, are with them forget. Civil War. The nature of the challenges this day. The heroic firefighters, police I saw black clouds of smoke filling may have changed over the years, but officers, rescue workers, National the sky over the Pentagon. not the nature of the Nevadans fight- Guardsmen, doctors, nurses, and volun- Yesterday, terrorists attacked our ing to overcome them. teering citizens who are even now country, our financial center, our mili- I know that Nevadans—and, indeed, struggling to find and save the lives of tary headquarters, and our sense of se- all Americans will rise to this chal- surviving victims must know that our curity. Yesterday’s horrific pictures lenge. We can give blood and donate to hearts and deepest gratitude are with are fixed in our minds forever.

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:22 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00046 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A12SE6.050 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9329 But today, we see something else. We As Members of Congress, our first re- the cancer of terrorism wherever it see a country that’s come together. We sponsibility, working with the Presi- raises its ugly head. see a government that speaks with one dent on a bipartisan basis, is to secure Our efforts cannot be another cathar- voice to denounce terrorism. And we the support that the victims and their sis after a national tragedy, and they see people who have volunteered—to families will need in the days and must not fade with time into business search the rubble, to help the injured, months ahead—their grief should not as usual. We owe it to yesterday’s vic- and to donate blood. be compounded by worrying about how tims and their families, especially These acts of terror were meant to they will deal with their tragedy finan- their children and grandchildren. divide us. But the truth is they’ve cially. Most of all, we owe it to the Amer- brought us all closer together. We must provide the resources our ican people and the world community This afternoon, I want to extend my country needs to guarantee that yes- to bring an end to terrorism every- prayers to all the victims, their fami- terday’s tragedy will not be repeated where and forever. lies and friends. during the lifetime of our children and Mr. BINGAMAN. Mr. President, all of I want to thank all of the emergency grandchildren. us share in the overwhelming shock personnel who responded with such We must prioritize how we allocate and grief at the horrible events of these courage: including the brave men and these resources including the money to past 24 hours. All of us are struggling women of our armed forces, police, fire- upgrade the technology and personnel to find the right words to say—strug- fighters and medical personnel. that secure our airports, and we must gling to understand our own emo- And I want everyone to know that respond to the human capital needs tions—struggling to answer the ques- our country is unified behind the Presi- that caused former Defense Secretary tion, ‘‘Where do we go from here?’’ De- dent. We will help the injured. We will James Schlesinger, who now represents spite our uncertainties, we share a protect our citizens. And will punish the U.S. Commission on National Secu- common bond—the deepest sorrow and those who committed these cowardly rity in the 21st Century, to say before sympathy we feel for those innocent acts. Every resource we have will be the Oversight of Government Manage- people who have lost their lives or made available to support the recovery ment Subcommittee earlier this year: their loved ones in those instants of effort. . . . it is the Commission’s view that fixing unspeakable inhumanity. I join with Yesterday we were attacked, but the personnel problem is a precondition for the people and leaders of the world in today, we stand united. fixing virtually everything else that needs expressing my profound sadness and ex- As our work resumes, we will work repair in the institutional edifice of U.S. na- tending my personal condolences to all together to plug the security holes tional security policy. of those who have been victimized by that this attack has uncovered. We must also dedicate ourselves to these acts of terror. I want all of my colleagues to know meeting a number of other challenges, Ten years ago, the Soviet Union that, as chair of the Transportation including: providing the resources that crumbled and the Warsaw Pact dis- Appropriations Subcommittee, my top will help improve our signals intel- appeared. The cold war, many have priority is the safety of the traveling ligence capabilities, or, in other words, said, is over. The nation moved quickly public. our ability to ‘‘listen in’’ on unfriendly to reduce the size of our military and We will do what it takes to ensure nations; stepped-up law enforcement to to reorder our national priorities to at- the safety of our Nation’s transpor- prevent terrorism; coordination of ef- tend to pressing national issues of tation system. fort between various Federal agencies health care, education, justice, and so In the coming days and weeks, we such as CIA, FBI, NSA, etc.; coordina- forth. All of us celebrated the nation’s must evaluate our security system, our tion of effort between Federal, State new priorities. Hopes for the future of intelligence abilities and the safety of and local governments and law enforce- our nation and the evolving inter- our transportation network. ment to maximize our ability to stop national system were high. What we Out citizens have a right to feel se- terrorist activity; and greater use of were only beginning to understand, cure at home, at work, at school, and electronic surveillance and satellite however, was that the end of the cold on our Nation’s transportation system. imagery to track the enemies of peace. war did not mean the end of America’s We are going to make sure Americans Finally, we must identify those re- need to ensure its security in new and have the safety and security they de- sponsible for committing these cow- different ways. serve. ardly acts of war as well as those who In the wake of the cold war, military Ours is a great Nation. We have with- have encouraged them by silence, as- experts around the country began to stood many challenges. We will learn sistance or asylum and we must hold discuss their concerns about the na- the lessons of this challenge, and to- these individuals or Nations account- tion’s new vulnerabilities. The prospect gether, we will build a stronger coun- able. of a pitched battle between heavy try. I agree with what President Bush tanks on the fields of Europe was no So as we take stock of this unspeak- said in his address to the Nation last longer the most likely threat to which able tragedy, as we learn the names of evening: our military forces would be asked to the victims, as we hear stories of the we will make no distinction between the respond. Experts began discussing the heroism and compassion in the wake of terrorists who committed these acts and idea of ‘‘asymmetric warfare’’—that is, this attack, we are standing together those who harbor them. the ability of America’s enemies to at- we are speaking with one voice and will We must also join the President and tack us where we are most vulnerable. do everything we can to ensure our declare war on terrorism and convince The cold war structure of our military safety and to answer this evil act with world religions and political leaders and its weaponry was designed to meet justice. that terrorism is a threat to peace in adversaries with similar capabilities— Mr. VOINOVICH. Mr. President, yes- the world and a prelude to Armaged- not to meet adversaries who chose dif- terday the United States of America don. We need more voices in the world ferent, often less sophisticated ways to suffered a horrible national tragedy the like Pope John Paul II who said: get the job done. images of which will forever etch the . . . the ways of violence will never lead to Slowly, too slowly, we have begun to date, September 11, 2001, in the collec- genuine solutions to humanity’s problems. understand the full extent of our coun- tive minds of the American people. Our determination to winning the try’s vulnerability. Many are con- As Father Eugene Hemrick of St. Jo- war on terrorism must have the same cerned that potential enemies are de- seph’s Church said this morning at high priority that we gave to winning veloping intercontinental missiles with mass, our lives will never be the same. World War II, and we must engage our destructive warheads and that we have As one who has lost a child, I know allies in this war. no missile system capable of thwarting this is especially true for the families We should make the same prepara- an attack of that kind. Others have of those who were the victims of this tion that we made for D-Day and the warned that our enemies could deliver act of war and of those who laid down world’s entry into the Persian Gulf packages of destruction in suitcases, their lives to save them. My thoughts war. Our actions must be ongoing and rental trucks, or on shipboard. Still and prayers are with them. relentless, and be dedicated to excising others have observed our inability to

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:22 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00047 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A12SE6.053 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9330 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 intercept low flying aircraft or cruise can say to express my sympathy for many military and federal law enforce- missiles heading to American targets. those suffering is enough. My outrage ment personnel who were working in The events of the past 24 hours dem- toward this cowardice act remains un- those buildings at the time of the at- onstrate another horrible scenario of wavering. For now, we must mourn tacks who also lost their lives. America’s vulnerability to terrorist at- those who have passed on and care for As we sort through the details of the tack, an attack that was indiscrimi- those injured. savage terrorist attacks yesterday, and nate in those who were targeted. We must let the President, law en- the wreckage left in their wake, we Our priorities are clear at this point. forcement, military and the intel- begin to comprehend more fully the First, rescue these victims and help ligence community do their work. As a scope of this tragedy in our history. On those who survive, their families, their law-abiding Nation, we must be sure to December 7, 1941, more than 2400 lives children. Second, resolve to identify place blame on the guilty. Taking inde- were lost at Pearl Harbor. And, during and punish those who perpetrated these pendent action against the innocent the Battle of Antietam on September heinous acts. And finally, we must put and guests in our country is wrong. 17, 1862 the day with the highest death in place the safeguards and protections Many like me are filled with anger and toll on American soil—approximately so that this type of heinous act can an unyielding desire for revenge, but 22,000 lives were lost. No matter what never occur again in this country. we must remain calm and focused. In the final count will be of lives lost yes- My colleagues have referred to Sep- the heat of passion fired by the out- terday, what distinguishes us from the terrorists is the value we place on tember 11th as a day of infamy—recall- rageous and despicable acts of those those lives as we learn more about the ing the same shock and horror the na- who are guilty, our leadership must be enormously sad events of this newly tion experienced at the news of Pearl calm and dispassionate in determining who is responsible and how we must written chapter in our nation’s history. Harbor on December 7, 1941. President This morning all Americans woke up deal with them. Have no doubt: we will Roosevelt offered the nation some vital to a different world. The horrific ter- words on that occasion. He said: find those responsible. I say to those rorist attacks yesterday on our eco- No matter how long it may take us to responsible, ‘‘You have no where to nomic and military institutions were a overcome this premeditated invasion, the hide.’’ Justice will be served swiftly frontal assault not only on America, American people in their righteous might and harshly. but on freedom and democracy enjoyed will win through to an absolute victory. This September 11, 2001, is another day by millions of people around the world. is a time of national resolve. This is a time that will forever live in infamy. Yester- for us to also recall President Roosevelt’s di- We Americans learned again that our day’s acts represented a well-planned, freedom comes with a cost, and the rective that ‘‘the greatest fear we have, is well-financed attack on our freedom by fear itself.’’ new battlegrounds are not on foreign a faceless and gutless enemy. Make no We cannot permit ourselves to stand soils or far away beaches. While we mistake, we are at war. Our military is must always seek peace we, as a na- still, overcome by shock, in times such on highest alert. Our armed forces are tion, will always defend ourselves from as these. We must move forward as one, ready. any enemy. resolved to seek justice, and solutions I stand firmly behind our Com- America has been challenged before, to our national security laid bare by mander-in-Chief, President Bush. There and now America once again will rise this horrible event. is no doubt of our unity and resolve to to meet this challenge head-on. Mr. BURNS. Mr. President, on Sep- track down, root out and relentlessly The terrorists who perpetrated yes- tember 11, 2001, the United States suf- pursue terrorists and the states that terday’s carnage will be held account- fered the worst combined acts of do- support them and harbor them. I stand able for their senseless acts of violence. mestic terrorism in our Nation’s his- by to support our military and intel- Towards that end, I strongly support tory. The world stood shocked and out- ligence community and fight for any the statement President Bush made raged at unprovoked acts of violence and all of the resources they need to last night to the nation and his com- committed upon thousands of innocent ensure our national security. Let us mitment that ‘‘we will make no dis- Americans. not forget this as we consider our fund- tinction between the terrorists who President George W. Bush has or- ing bills. committed these acts and those who dered the Federal Government to assist This is a great Nation with a strong harbor them.’’ the victims of violence, investigate and brave history. Americans have The time has come to quit treating these acts of terror, and take steps to come together and triumphed through terrorists as mere civil disobedients, bring those responsible for these trage- difficult times like these. We will and begin treating their acts as acts of dies to justice. I fully support Presi- again, and we will punish those respon- war. dent Bush’s actions, and will do what- sible. America is united and strong. The time has past when renegade na- ever I can to help him, and our country Our military might remains unchal- tions can give safe harbor to terrorists in this time of need. Terrorism cannot lenged. America remains resolved in its with impunity. The President and the and will not be tolerated. I know the efforts to find those who so cowardly U.S. military have my full support to President will take all measures nec- committed these horrific acts. strike and strike hard when the per- essary to seek out and punish those To quote a few words from out Battle petrators and their accomplices are who so viciously attacked innocent and Hymn of the Republic, those respon- identified and found. For this Senator, defenseless Americans. sible will soon understand the true that time can’t come soon enough. Ms. MIKULSKI. Mr. President, I rise As Americans, we are a strong and meaning of the line, ‘‘he hath loosed resilient people. We will heal and to add my voice in our united support the fateful lightning of his terrible for the Joint Resolution we are adopt- emerge stronger than ever. Our swift sword’’ as America will indeed ing today. strength and spirit of democracy will march on. American citizens, American air- shine through. We will not simply en- Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, first craft, American buildings have been dure, we shall prevail. And we will send and foremost, my thoughts and prayers brought down by barbaric terrorist at- a sharp message to these cowards, are with the hundreds of injured and tacks. Yet the American people, we as showing that terrorist acts will not be the families of the lost. Words cannot their elected representatives, and our tolerated. They will never be able to fully describe what happened to these free and open society stand unbowed destroy our freedom and our way of victims yesterday. But our actions in and united. life. the days and months ahead must do America’s spirit and resolve remain My heartfelt thoughts and prayers go them justice as we honor their ulti- strong. out to those who so tragically lost mate sacrifices. Today, we express condolences to their lives and those friends and fami- I also extend my gratitude to the those who suffered unspeakable loss. lies who lost their loved ones. This was scores of emergency service providers The victims and their families are in far more than a tragedy—it was an out- police, firefighters, medical personnel our thoughts and prayers. rageous act of terrorism that killed who rushed to the World Trade Center We commend the rescuers, working and injured so many innocent and de- and the Pentagon to save lives, only to even now to save lives, the brave fire- cent citizens of our country. Nothing I lose their own. And we remember the men and police, doctors and nurses and

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:22 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00048 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A12SE6.055 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9331 generous volunteers helping others and The acts of heroism and generosity rorism efforts. Sen. JUDD GREGG and I giving blood. by Americans in New York City, Wash- have worked to organize an Office of The Federal Emergency Management ington, D.C., and across the Nation has Counter-terrorism under the Attorney Agency, which my Appropriations sub- been extraordinary, but not surprising. General and provide adequate funding committee funds and oversees, is co- It is in difficult times that we are for- for the Department of Justice. As we ordinating Federal assistance. Director tified by unity, and this will be no ex- have argued, we must redouble our na- Albaugh and FEMA have mobilized ception. tional commitment and sustained ef- urban search and rescue teams. A top- On December 8, 1941, President fort to address counter-terrorism. It notch team from Montgomery County Franklin D. Roosevelt addressed Con- begins with a coordinated effort orga- and 7 others from around the country gress in response to Pearl Harbor. His nized in the Department of Justice, it are hard at work at the Pentagon and words then inspired our Nation to vic- is enhanced by improved security in New York. All 20 other teams are tory. Once again, his words ring true, standards, and it is sustained through ready to go. FEMA has also mobilized ‘‘With confidence in our armed forces— adequate funding. Army medical support, the Army Corps with the unbounding determination of This attack has highlighted the need of Engineers to help debris removal, our people—we will gain the inevitable for a new national security paradigm. and Army mortuary teams. triumph—so help us God.’’ It has showed us that the tools of our We are cooperating to confront this Mr. HOLLINGS. Mr. President, much economic strength, such as civilian air- tragedy with President Bush and the has been said on the Senate floor about craft, can be used as instruments of de- Administration, within Congress, and the events of the last 24 hours. I, too, struction. Therefore, we must analyze with allies around the world. want to express deep sadness and re- the security threats associated with all We condemn these barbaric attacks. morse for those that lost family and modes of commerce. Obviously, we We are committed to tracking down loved ones. We, as a Nation, share your must take immediate action to review the terrorists, punishing them and loss. The free world shares your grief. and enhance the security at our Na- those who harbor them, and preventing This was an attack on liberty, an at- tion’s airports. Moreover, we know future attacks. tack on freedom, we are all victims. that current, inadequate security at America is being tested by terrorism As a veteran of the last World War, I our nation’s ports makes us vulnerable and America is rising to the challenge. know personally the horrors of war. to future attacks. With this knowledge, I am proud of the American people, Pearl Harbor woke us from the dream who are responding not only with that we would not be dragged into Senator GRAHAM and I introduced a bill shock and grief, but with unity, re- World War II. Many commentators to address security at our ports. The solve, and generosity. have made the parallel between yester- legislation seeks to enhance security Mr. THURMOND. Mr. President, I day’s attack and the attack on Pearl at U.S. seaports through better inter- rise in support of the resolution con- Harbor in 1941. We were compelled to agency coordination and more suffi- demning yesterday’s terrorist attacks. act to defend our country from an cient resources. Seaports are international borders These assaults were a strike not only unprovoked attack. against America, but against freedom The events of yesterday, like those that currently are not subject to any itself. during Pearl Harbor, shattered our in- security guidelines enforced by the fed- My deepest condolences go out to nocence and exposed our eral government. Drug smuggling, im- those who lost loved ones during this vulnerabilities as a Nation. In my view, migrant smuggling and trade fraud are tragedy, and also to those rescue work- yesterday’s attack was worse than an prevalent crimes along the Nation’s ers who risked, and many times lost, act of war because, unlike Pearl Har- seaports, and the lax security measures their lives in an effort to save the vic- bor, the enemy preyed upon make terrorist activity an imminent tims of this horrific event. Even as we unsuspecting, defenseless civilians to threat as well. pause to pray for the victims and their maximize the loss of innocent human Terrorism affects us all. We as a na- families, we promise to be unwavering life and spread terror. Our freedom and tion must stand together and state res- in our pursuit of the cowards respon- the openness of our society, essential olutely that we will not tolerate ter- sible for these acts. It is a day we will virtues that define us as a Nation, were rorism, in the United States or abroad. never forget, but a day that only exploited to inflict terror upon our so- We will work in Congress to put in strengthens our resolve to protect the ciety. These were coordinated, well-or- place the protections necessary to de- freedoms that are the cornerstone of ganized attacks on our Nation. Unlike fend our country from future terrorist our society. the wars of the past, today we face an activity and uphold the liberties and Watching this tragedy unfold, I re- enemy we cannot immediately identify freedom we hold dear. As stated by the called the day when our sovereign and whose exact location is unknown. Commander-in-Chief, the United States country was violated by the attack on The President and his national secu- and its allies will stand firm and take Pearl Harbor. Over the years, I hoped rity team have committed all the re- decisive action. and prayed that our hallowed lands sources possible to find those who are Mr. GRASSLEY. Mr. President, yes- would never again be defiled, and now responsible. I stand with the President terday a cowardly act of terrorism was they have once again been attacked. and the American people, we must seek committed against this Nation. But, This time, however, our enemies re- those who are responsible and respond today, this Nation stands strong and main nameless. These cowardly acts of with overwhelming force. unified—a Nation of freedom and of terrorism will not be tolerated, and While this is still an emotionally hope, a Nation hurting, but resolute in those who are responsible for these charged time, we must begin the proc- our determination to stamp out ter- atrocities will suffer the consequences ess of looking forward and addressing rorism, now even on our own shores. of their actions. Let there be no mis- our security vulnerabilities exposed by We can no longer ignore the threat take, we have faced adversity before, yesterday’s attacks. It is important to that international terrorist groups and the United States of America will note that as the events were unfolding, present to other nations. Yesterday, we once again prevail. the Senate was debating the appropria- faced the reality of that threat. Until If this assault was intended to weak- tions bill for the Departments of Com- yesterday, we had rested in the belief en the American spirit, these cowards merce, Justice and State, the funding that such an atrocity by foreign hand will be very disappointed. When speak- legislation that directly addresses could not occur on U.S. soil, but now it ing on the purpose and means of war, counter-terrorism. And while it may has, and we must respond. We must the military theorist Carl Clausewitz not provide immediate relief for the safeguard our shores from further acts stated that the fighting forces of the situation that we’re faced with today, of violence. We are at war with an enemy ‘‘must be put in such a condi- it is one of the legislative vehicles enemy of rogues and cowards and they tion that they can no longer carry on through which we can impact the Na- must be crushed. We have received a the fight’’. Mark my words, we stand tion’s ability to address counter-ter- rude awakening, and now we must act. united and prepared to use whatever rorism. There is a lot for us to do. More than means necessary to respond and de- We must have better organization a year ago, I was critical of the diver- stroy those responsible. and coordination of our counter-ter- sion of funds from human intelligence

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:22 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00049 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.108 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9332 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 to high tech counter-terrorism efforts. gaged in these heinous acts. We will I have been contacted by a signifi- Tomorrow, we will resume that debate, need your assistance to identify and cant number of veterans from my but today is a day for national mourn- punish those who are behind these acts. State, and I feel duty-bound to let ing. State sponsored terrorism is an them have their day in court. I ask my My prayers go out to all the victims enemy to all democracies. To see vic- colleagues to consider their views and and their families. I pray that God will tory over terrorism, we must not just the entire treaty when making their grant a comfort and peace that is un- retaliate against the terrorist, but as vote. speakable in its depth to those who are President Bush said last night, we f hurting and for the families of the vic- must also punish those countries who tims. I cannot adequately express my harbor and assist them. Justice must ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS sympathy to those who lost loved ones be brought to the terrorists and to the in these tragedies, and across America States from which they plan and wage HUGH C. GRAHAM we share in their grief. their evil schemes. Outside of Union Station, a block We must all be unified in this effort ∑ Mr. DODD. Mr. President, I rise from the Capitol, fly the flags of all 50 to combat terrorism. I am proud to be today to honor a distinguished con- States. It is right that these 50 flags an American. stituent of mine, Hugh C. Graham, now fly at half mast, for this is a day Mr. REID. I suggest the absence of a upon the occasion of his retirement that will directly touch millions of quorum. from the American Legion Department families across this Nation. We have al- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The of Connecticut. ready learned that at least one Iowan, clerk will call the roll. As a member of the American Legion Karen Kincaid, a native of Waverly, IA, The legislative clerk proceeded to for 57 years, Hugh served as an Adju- was abroad the hijacked plane that call the roll. tant for 32 years, the longest-serving struck the Pentagon on Tuesday morn- Mr. REID. Mr. President, I ask unan- Adjutant in the country. During his ing. Our prayers go out of Karen’s fam- imous consent that the order for the tenure within this revered national or- ily and her loved ones. I fear that in quorum call be rescinded. ganization, Hugh admirably dedicated The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without the days to come we may learn of other himself to promoting the health and objection, it is so ordered. Iowans whose lives have been destroyed well-being of our veterans, both in Con- by these tragedies. We all must look f necticut and beyond. for ways to help. We can pray for MORNING BUSINESS Hugh himself served his country with distinction during World War II. Hav- peace. We can give blood. Mr. REID. Mr. President, I ask unan- ing enlisted with the United States In the face of all of yesterday’s evil, imous consent that the Senate now Army in New Haven on February 16, thousands of courageous Americans proceed to a period for morning busi- 1942, he served as a rifleman in the 45th rose to the challenge. Men and women, ness, with Senators allowed to speak Infantry ‘‘Thunderbird’’ Division of the filled with the basic decency and good- for a period of 5 minutes each. ness that embodies all that is America, The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without 180th Infantry Regiment. For 511 days, rushed to the rescue of the injured and objection, it is so ordered. he fought bravely in the European the- the dying. Firefighters, police, EMTs, ater, seeing combat in Italy, France, f doctors and other volunteers have been and Germany, and participated in five working around the clock, and we COMMERCE, STATE, JUSTICE amphibious assault landings. For his thank them. Unfortunately, we have APPROPRIATIONS valor and wounds received at Anzio learned that many of these brave men Mr. WARNER. Mr. President, I rise Beach, Hugh was awarded the Purple and women have given that last full today in support of the Smith amend- Heart Medal. He was also awarded the measure of devotion. We mourn for ment allowing American veterans—our European-African Theater Medal with them and honor their sacrifice. The U.S. citizens—who were used as slave five campaign stars, the World War II greatness of our people stands in sharp laborers in Japan during WWII to have Victory Medal, and the Combat Infan- contrast to the unnamed cowards who their day in court. tryman’s Badge. Hugh received an hon- have perpetrated this evil. I appreciate the sensitive nature of orable discharge from the Army on I also want to recognize and thank this issue. Just prior to the recess, I re- September 5, 1945. Secretary Thompson for his effort to ceived correspondence from my dear Over the years, Hugh’s work with and bring 7000 doctors, nurses, and health friend and former Secretary of State, for veterans has received well-deserved care professionals to New York. George Schultz. He outlined the provi- recognition from numerous organiza- Now, we must go on, unified behind sions of article 14 of the 1951 peace tions. He has received various service President Bush’s leadership. Today’s treaty with Japan which seemingly and achievement awards from the resolution demonstrates the unity of settles the question of restitution for Forty and Eight Society, the Veterans Congress to stand behind the President the former POWs. His letter, quite Administration, and the American Le- in the effort to bring the perpetrators properly, has been referred to in order gion Department of Rhode Island. to justice. We must commit ourselves to address this issue. I must, however, Although Hugh is retiring from ac- to the task of preventing tragedies respectfully disagree with my valued tive duty in the American Legion, I such as this from ever again happening friend and adviser. know that he will continue to promote on our shores. We are a Nation strong I believe we must look at the entire veterans affairs and that his legacy and dogged in our commitment to seek treaty. Article 26 contains a provision will live on within the organization. out and crush the men who committed which states that if Japan enters into Once again, I would like to congratu- these acts of violence against our coun- any future treaties with other coun- late Hugh upon the occasion of his re- try. tries providing better terms than those tirement and I sincerely thank him for Terrorism is our national enemy and extended to the United States, then all of the service he has given to both we must fight it as a Nation. These those more favorable terms will be ex- Connecticut and our nation. I wish him great tragedies were perpetrated not tended to the United States as well. It all my best in his future endeavors.∑ against a particular race, color, reli- is my understanding that several other f gion, or creed. Yesterday’s violence countries such as Sweden and Denmark was born in a hatred of America and have received such terms. HONORING JAMES L. VOSS, DVM what it stands for. It was an open at- I have listened closely to my es- ∑ Mr. ALLARD. Mr. President, I rise to tach on all our people and our values. teemed colleague from Hawaii speak on day to pay tribute to a man who has Freedom itself was under assault. this subject, and I recognize our duty had a profound impact on Colorado Truly this was an act of war on Amer- to honor our treaties. However, we State University, the City of Ft. Col- ica, and we must act accordingly. must be sure to look at the entire trea- lins, CO and the veterinary community Our friends in the International com- ty and honor our obligations to our nationwide. munity, we now ask you to work by veterans who survived under such hor- According to US News and World Re- our side to quash those who have en- rible conditions. port, Colorado State University boasts

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:22 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00050 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A12SE6.044 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9333 the second best veterinary medicine I commend the George Khoury Asso- H.R. 434. An act to direct the Secretary of program in the nation. One of the rea- ciation of Baseball Leagues, Inc. for its Agriculture to enter into a cooperative sons CSU is so nationally renowned is dedication to youth sports and the agreement to provide for retention, mainte- because of its wonderful Veterinary community.∑ nance, and operation, at private expense, of 12 concrete dams and weirs located within Teaching Hospital. And one of the rea- f the boundaries of the Emigrant Wilderness sons that hospital exists is because of MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT in the Stanislaus National Forest, Cali- Dr. James L. Voss. fornia, and for other purposes; to the Com- Currently the Dean of the CSU Col- Messages from the President of the mittee on Energy and Natural Resources. lege of Veterinary Medicine and Bio- United States were communicated to H.R. 695. An act to establish the Oil Region medical Sciences, Dr. Voss received his the Senate by Ms. Evans, one of his National Heritage Area; to the Committee Doctorate of Veterinary Medicine from secretaries. on Energy and Natural Resources. H.R. 788. An act to provide for the convey- CSU in 1958 and was hired by the Uni- f ance of the excess Army Reserve Center in versity as an instructor. While a stu- EXECUTIVE MESSAGES REFERRED Kewaunee, Wisconsin; to the Committee on dent, he was one of my best instruc- As in executive session the Presiding Armed Services. tors. As the university was growing H.R. 1628. An act to amend the National and seeking to enhance its veterinary Officer laid before the Senate messages Trails System Act to designate El Camino teaching capabilities, plans for a news from the President of the United Real de los Tejas as a National Historic Veterinary Teaching Hospital got un- States submitting sundry nominations Trail; to the Committee on Energy and Nat- derway. Dr. Voss became the faculty which were referred to the appropriate ural Resources. representative of the hospital building committees. H.R. 1761. An act to designate the facility (The nominations received today are of the United States Postal Service located committee. In 1979, the Hospital was at 8588 Richmond Highway in Alexandria, completed. And now, the Hospital will printed at the end of the Senate pro- ceedings.) Virginia, as the ‘‘Herb Harris Post Office bear his name. Building’’; to the Committee on Government I am proud to join all CSU veterinary f Affairs. School alumni in saying that no finer MESSAGES FROM THE HOUSE H.R. 1766. An act to designate the facility man deserves this honor. This building of the United States Postal Service located and all the science and teaching that At 12:48 p.m., a message from the at 4270 John Marr Drive in Annandale, Vir- has taken place in it since 1979, are di- House of Representatives, delivered by ginia, as the ‘‘Stan Parris Post Office Build- rect results of Dr. Voss’ determination, Mr. Hays, one of its reading clerks, an- ing’’; to the Committee on Governmental Af- nounced that the House has passed the fairs. dedication and love of veterinary medi- H.R. 1937. An act to authorize the Sec- cine. Because of Dr. Voss and his long following bills, in which it requests the concurrence of the Senate: retary of the Interior to engage in certain service to the university and our pro- feasibility studies of water resource projects fession, CSU has produced some of the H.R. 434. An act to direct the Secretary of in the State of Washington; to the Com- finest veterinarians in the nation. CSU Agriculture to enter into a cooperative mittee on Indian Affairs. and Ft. Collins have become central lo- agreement to provide for retention, mainte- nance, and operation, at private expense, of f cations in national and international 12 concrete dams and weirs located within EXECUTIVE AND OTHER veterinary science. the boundaries of the Emigrant Wilderness COMMUNICATIONS When one man does so much for an in the Stanislaus National Forest, Cali- institution and a profession like Dr. fornia, and for other purposes. The following communications were Voss has, it is only fitting to honor H.R. 695. An act to establish the Oil Region laid before the Senate, together with him in this manner. I am extremely National Heritage Area. accompanying papers, reports, and doc- pleased that from this day forward, the H.R. 788. An act to provide for the convey- uments, which were referred as indi- James L. Voss Veterinary Teaching ance of the excess Army Reserve Center in cated: Kewaunee, Wisconsin. EC–3733. A communication from the Pro- Hospital at Colorado State University H.R. 1628. An act to amend the National gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- will continue to serve the university, Trails System Act to designate El Camino ministration, Department of Transportation, the veterinary medical community, Real de los Tejas as a National Historic transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of and science.∑ Trail. a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: f H.R. 1761. An act to designate the facility of the United States Postal Service located Airbus Model A319, A320, and A321 Series Air- TRIBUTE TO THE GEORGE KHOURY at 8588 Richmond Highway in Alexandria, planes’’ ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001–0439)) received ASSOCIATION OF BASEBALL Virginia, as the ‘‘Herb Harris Post Office on August 23, 2001; to the Committee on LEAGUES, INC. Building.’’ Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC–3734. A communication from the Pro- ∑ Mrs. CARNAHAN. Mr. President, I H.R. 1766. An act to designate the facility of the United States Postal Service located gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- take this opportunity to recognize an at 4270 John Marr Drive in Annandale, Vir- ministration, Department of Transportation, outstanding organization that is dedi- ginia, as the ‘‘Stan Parris Post Office Build- transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of cated to youth baseball, the George ing.’’ a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: Khoury Association of Baseball H.R. 1937. An act to authorize the Sec- Empresa Brasileria de Aeronautica SA Model retary of the Interior to engage in certain EMB 135 and 145 Series Airplanes’’ ((RIN2120– Leagues, Inc. I commend this extraor- AA64)(2001–0443)) received on August 23, 2001; dinary program that is celebrating its feasibility studies of water resource projects in the State of Washington. to the Committee on Commerce, Science, 65th anniversary. and Transportation. The George Khoury Association of At 3:31, a message from the House of EC–3735. A communication from the Pro- Baseball Leagues, Inc. was founded by gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- Representatives, delivered by Ms. George M. Khoury in 1936 in Saint ministration, Department of Transportation, Niland, one its reading clerks, an- Louis, MO. It is dedicated to promoting transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of nounced that the House has agreed to America’s favorite pastime, and a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: the following concurrent resolution, in commited to giving youth a chance to Empresa Brasileira de Aeronautica Model which it requests the concurrence of EMB–135ER and 135LR Series Airplanes, and play the game and learn about sports- the Senate: Model EMB 145, 145MR and 145LR Series Air- manship. In 1936, there were only four planes’’ ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001–0442)) received baseball teams in the Khoury league. H. Con. Res. 223. Concurrent resolution per- mitting the use of the Rotunda of the Cap- on August 23, 2001; to the Committee on However, after World War II, the pro- itol for a prayer vigil in memory of those Commerce, Science, and Transportation. gram began to expand into other who lost their lives in the events of Sep- EC–3736. A communication from the Pro- states, like Kentucky and Illinois. Now tember 11, 2001. gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- ministration, Department of Transportation, there are leagues in several states all f over the country and even in some for- transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of MEASURES REFERRED a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: eign countries. The Khoury league not McDonnell Douglas Model DC 10–30 Series only includes baseball teams, but also The following bills were read the first Airplanes Modified by Supplemental Type softball, soccer, and other exciting and the second times by unanimous Certificate SA8452SW’’ ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001– team sports. consent, and referred as indicated: 0446)) received on August 23, 2001; to the

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:22 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00051 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A12SE6.025 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9334 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 Committee on Commerce, Science, and Boeing Model 737–600, 700, and 800 Series Air- to the Committee on Commerce, Science, Transportation. planes’’ ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001–0455)) received and Transportation. EC–3737. A communication from the Pro- on August 23, 2001; to the Committee on EC–3755. A communication from the Pro- gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- Commerce, Science, and Transportation. gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- ministration, Department of Transportation, EC–3746. A communication from the Pro- ministration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: ministration, Department of Transportation, a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: Empresa Brasileira de Aeronautica SA Model transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of McDonnell Douglas Model MD 11 Series Air- EMB 120 Series Airplanes’’ ((RIN2120– a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: planes’’ ((RIN2120–AA64) (2001–0469)) received AA64)(2001–0445)) received on August 23, 2001; Boeing Model 767–200 Series Airplanes Modi- on August 23, 2001; to the Committee on to the Committee on Commerce, Science, fied by Supplemental Type Certificate Commerce, Science, and Transportation. and Transportation. SA5134NM’’ ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001–0452)) re- EC–3756. A communication from the Chief EC–3738. A communication from the Pro- ceived on August 23, 2001; to the Committee of Regulations and Administrative Law, gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. United States Coast Guard, Department of ministration, Department of Transportation, EC–3747. A communication from the Pro- Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Safety/Se- a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: ministration, Department of Transportation, curity Zone Regulations: Naval Submarine Boeing Model 737–100, 200, and 200C Series transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of Base Bangor and Naval Submarines, Puget Airplanes’’ ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001–0444)) re- a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: Sound and Strait of Juan De Fuca, WA’’ ceived on August 23, 2001; to the Committee McDonnell Douglas Model MD 11 Series Air- ((RIN2115–AA97) (2001–0076)) received on Au- on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. planes’’ ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001–0462)) received gust 23, 2001; to the Committee on Com- EC–3739. A communication from the Pro- on August 23, 2001; to the Committee on merce, Science, and Transportation. gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC–3757. A communication from the Pro- ministration, Department of Transportation, EC–3748. A communication from the Pro- gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- ministration, Department of Transportation, a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: ministration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of Boeing Model 747–400 and 767 Series Air- transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: planes Equipped with GE CF6–80C2 Series a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: McDonnell Douglas Model MD 11 Series Air- Engines’’ ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001–0447)) re- Aerospatiale Model ATR42 200, 300, 320 and planes’’ ((RIN2120–AA64) (2001–0467)) received ceived on August 23, 2001; to the Committee 500 Series Airplanes; and Model ATR72 Series on August 23, 2001; to the Committee on on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Airplanes’’ ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001–0460)) re- Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC–3740. A communication from the Pro- ceived on August 23, 2001; to the Committee EC–3758. A communication from the Pro- gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- ministration, Department of Transportation, EC–3749. A communication from the Pro- ministration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: ministration, Department of Transportation, a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: Boeing Model 747–100 and 200 Series Air- transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of McDonnell Douglas Model MD 11 Series Air- planes Modified by Supplemental Type Cer- a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: planes’’ ((RIN2120–AA64) (2001–0465)) received tificate ST00196SE’’ ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001– McDonnell Douglas Model MD 11 Series Air- on August 23, 2001; to the Committee on 0451)) received on August 23, 2001; to the planes’’ ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001–0466)) received Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Committee on Commerce, Science, and on August 23, 2001; to the Committee on EC–3759. A communication from the Chief Transportation. Commerce, Science, and Transportation. of Regulations and Administrative Law, EC–3741. A communication from the Pro- EC–3750. A communication from the Pro- United States Coast Guard, Department of gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to ministration, Department of Transportation, ministration, Department of Transportation, law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Safety/Se- transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of curity Zone Regulations: Summerfest 200— a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: Harbor Island Lagoon Activities, Milwaukee, Boeing Model 767–300 Series Airplanes Modi- McDonnell Douglas Model MD–11 Series Air- Wisconsin’’ ((RIN2115–AA97) (2001–0077)) re- fied by Supplemental Type Certificate planes’’ ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001–0458)) received ceived on August 23, 2001; to the Committee ST00157SE’’ ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001–0450)) re- on August 23, 2001; to the Committee on on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. ceived on August 23, 2001; to the Committee Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC–3760. A communication from the Chief on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC–3751. A communication from the Pro- of Regulations and Administrative Law, EC–3742. A communication from the Pro- gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- United States Coast Guard, Department of gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- ministration, Department of Transportation, Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to ministration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Safety/Se- transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: curity Zone Regulations: Lower Mississippi a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: Lockheed Model L–1011 Series Airplanes’’ River, LMR Mile 351.1 to 537, Vaucluse Boeing Model 767–200 Series Airplanes Modi- ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001–0459)) received on Au- Trenchfill (COTP Memphis 01–007)’’ fied by Supplemental Certificate SA4998NM’’ gust 23, 2001; to the Committee on Com- ((RIN2115–AA97) (2001–0078)) received on Au- ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001–0448)) received on Au- merce, Science, and Transportation. gust 23, 2001; to the Committee on Com- gust 23, 2001; to the Committee on Com- EC–3752. A communication from the Pro- merce, Science, and Transportation. merce, Science, and Transportation. gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- EC–3761. A communication from the Chief EC–3743. A communication from the Pro- ministration, Department of Transportation, of Regulations and Administrative Law, gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of United States Coast Guard, Department of ministration, Department of Transportation, a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of McDonnell Douglas Model MD 11 Series Air- law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Establish- a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: planes’’ ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001–0463)) received ment of a Class E Enroute Domestic Air- Boeing Model 747 Series Airplanes Equipped on August 23, 2001; to the Committee on space Area, Kingman, AZ; confirmation of ef- with GE Model CF6 45 or 50 Series Engines or Commerce, Science, and Transportation. fective date’’ ((RIN2120–AA66) (2001–0138)) re- Pratt and Whitney Model JT9D–3, 7, or 70 Se- EC–3753. A communication from the Pro- ceived on August 23, 2001; to the Committee ries Engines; and 747–E4B Airplanes’’ gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001–0457)) received on Au- ministration, Department of Transportation, EC–3762. A communication from the Chief gust 23, 2001; to the Committee on Com- transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of of Regulations and Administrative Law, merce, Science, and Transportation. a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: United States Coast Guard, Department of EC–3744. A communication from the Pro- McDonnell Douglas Model MD 11 Series Air- Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- planes’’ ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001–0464)) received law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Safety/Se- ministration, Department of Transportation, on August 23, 2001; to the Committee on curity Zone Regulations; Vicinity of Atlan- transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of Commerce, Science, and Transportation. tic Fleet Weapons Training Facility, a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: EC–3754. A communication from the Pro- Vieques, PR and Adjacent Territorial Sea’’ Airbus Model A319, A320, A321 Series Air- gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- ((RIN2115–AA97) (2001–0080)) received on Au- planes’’ ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001–0454)) received ministration, Department of Transportation, gust 23, 2001; to the Committee on Com- on August 23, 2001; to the Committee on transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of merce, Science, and Transportation. Commerce, Science, and Transportation. a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: EC–3763. A communication from the Chief EC–3745. A communication from the Pro- JanAero Devices Part Number (P/N) 14D11, of Regulations and Administrative Law, gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- A14D11, B14D11, C14D11, 23D04, A23D04, United States Coast Guard, Department of ministration, Department of Transportation, B23D04, and C23D04 Fuel Regulator Shutoff Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of Valves; Request for Comments’’ ((RIN2120– law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Draw- a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: AA64)(2001–0468)) received on August 23, 2001; bridge Regulations: Atlantic Intracoastal

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:22 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00052 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A12SE6.032 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9335 Waterway, Fort Lauder, Broward County, ((RIN2115–AE47) (2001–0070)) received on Au- EC–3781. A communication from the Acting FL’’ ((RIN2115–AE47) (2001–0077)) received on gust 23, 2001; to the Committee on Com- Assistant Administrator for Fisheries, Na- August 23, 2001; to the Committee on Com- merce, Science, and Transportation. tional Marine Fisheries Service, Department merce, Science, and Transportation. EC–3773. A communication from the Chief of Commerce, transmitting, pursuant to law, EC–3764. A communication from the Chief of Regulations and Administrative Law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Fisheries of the of Regulations and Administrative Law, United States Coast Guard, Department of Exclusive Economic Zone Off Alaska; Record United States Coast Guard, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to Keeping and Reporting Requirements; Alas- Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Draw- ka Commercial Operator’s Annual Report’’ law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Draw- bridge Regulations: John Limehouse Bridge (RIN0648–AN01) received on August 24, 2001; bridge Regulations: Connecticut River, CT’’ (ICW), Johns Island, SC’’ ((RIN2115–AE47) to the Committee on Commerce, Science, ((RIN2115–AE47) (2001–0078)) received on Au- (2001–0071)) received on August 23, 2001; to the and Transportation. gust 23, 2001; to the Committee on Com- Committee on Commerce, Science, and EC–3782. A communication from the Acting merce, Science, and Transportation. Transportation. Director of the Office of Sustainable Fish- EC–3765. A communication from the Chief EC–3774. A communication from the Chief eries, National Marine Fisheries Service, De- of Regulations and Administrative Law, of Regulations and Administrative Law, partment of Commerce, transmitting, pursu- United States Coast Guard, Department of United States Coast Guard, Department of ant to law, the report of a rule entitled Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to ‘‘Fisheries of the Northeastern United law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Draw- law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Draw- States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Commer- bridge Regulations: Brooks Memorial (S.E. bridge Regulations: Jamaica Bay and Con- cial Quota Harvested for Connecticut’’ (I.D. 17th Street) Bridge Atlantic Intracoastal necting Waterways, NY’’ ((RIN2115–AE47) 081001B) received on August 24, 2001; to the Waterway, Ft. Lauderdale, FL’’ ((RIN2115– (2001–0072)) received on August 23, 2001; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and AE47) (2001–0080)) received on August 23, 2001; Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. to the Committee on Commerce, Science, Transportation. EC–3783. A communication from the Assist- and Transportation. EC–3775. A communication from the Chief ant Administrator for Satellite and Informa- EC–3766. A communication from the Chief of Regulations and Administrative Law, tion Services, National Oceanic and Atmos- of Regulations and Administrative Law, United States Coast Guard, Department of pheric Administration, Department of Com- United States Coast Guard, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to merce, transmitting, pursuant to law, the re- Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Safety/Se- port of a rule entitled ‘‘Office of Research law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Draw- curity Zone Regulations; Oswego Harbor, and Applications Ocean Remote Sensing Pro- bridge Regulations: Harlem River, Newtown Oswego, NY’’ ((RIN2115–AA97) (2001–0074)) re- gram Notice of Financial Assistance’’ Creek, NY’’ ((RIN2115–AE47) (2001–0076)) re- ceived on August 23, 2001; to the Committee (RIN0648–ZA90) received on August 24, 2001; ceived on August 23, 2001; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. to the Committee on Commerce, Science, on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC–3776. A communication from the Acting and Transportation. EC–3767. A communication from the Chief Director of the Office of Sustainable Fish- EC–3784. A communication from the Acting of Regulations and Administrative Law, eries, National Marine Fisheries Service, De- Director of the Office of Sustainable Fish- United States Coast Guard, Department of partment of Commerce, transmitting, pursu- eries, National Marine Fisheries Service, De- Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to ant to law, the report of a rule entitled partment of Commerce, transmitting, pursu- law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Draw- ‘‘Fisheries of the Northeastern United ant to law, the report of a rule entitled bridge Regulations: Manitowoc River, Wis- States; Atlantic Bluefish Fishery; Commer- ‘‘Fisheries Off West Coast and Western Pa- consin’’ ((RIN2115–AE47) (2001–0075)) received cial Quota Transfer and Reopening’’ (I.D. cific States; West Coast Salmon Fisheries; on August 23, 2001; to the Committee on 072301E) received on August 23, 2001; to the Closure of the Commercial Fishery from Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Horse Mountain to Point Arena, CA’’ re- EC–3768. A communication from the Chief Transportation. ceived on August 25, 2001; to the Committee of Regulations and Administrative Law, EC–3777. A communication from the Chief on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. United States Coast Guard, Department of of Regulations and Administrative Law, EC–3785. A communication from the Senior Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to United States Coast Guard, Department of Legal Advisor to the Bureau Chief, Mass law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Regatta Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to Media Bureau, Federal Communications Regulations: SLR; Inner Harbor, Patapsco law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Safety/Se- Commission, transmitting, pursuant to law, River, Baltimore, Maryland’’ ((RIN2115– curity Zone Regulations; Japanese Fisheries the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Amendment of AE46) (2001–0024)) received on August 23, 2001; High School Training Vessel EHIME MARU Section 73.622(b), Table of Allotments, DTV to the Committee on Commerce, Science, Relocation and Crew Member Recovery, Pa- Broadcast Stations, Charlottesville, VA’’ and Transportation. cific Ocean, South Shores of the Island of (Doc. No. 00–240) received on August 30 , 2001; EC–3769. A communication from the Chief Oahu, HI (COTP Honolulu 01–054)’’ ((RIN2115– to the Committee on Commerce, Science, of Regulations and Administrative Law, AA97) (2001–0072)) received on August 23, 2001; and Transportation. United States Coast Guard, Department of to the Committee on Commerce, Science, EC–3786. A communication from the Senior Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to and Transportation. Legal Advisor to the Bureau Chief, Mass law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Draw- EC–3778. A communication from the Chief Media Bureau, Federal Communications bridge Regulations: Brorein Street Bridge, of Regulations and Administrative law, Commission, transmitting, pursuant to law, Across the Hillsborough River, Tampa, FL’’ United States Coast Guard, Department of the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Amendment of ((RIN2115–AE47) (2001–0079)) received on Au- Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to Section 73.622(b), Table of Allotments, DTV gust 23, 2001; to the Committee on Com- law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Safety/Se- Broadcast Stations, Lexington, KY’’ (Doc. merce, Science, and Transportation. curity Zone Regulations: Fireworks Display, No. 01–83) received on August 30, 2001; to the EC–3770. A communication from the Chief New Jersey Pierhead Channel and Kill Van Committee on Commerce, Science, and of Regulations and Administrative Law, Kull’’ ((RIN2115–AA97) (2001–0073)) received Transportation. United States Coast Guard, Department of on August 23, 2001; to the Committee on EC–3787. A communication from the Senior Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Legal Advisor to Bureau Chief, Mass Media law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Safety/Se- EC–3779. A communication from the Acting Bureau, Federal Communications Commis- curity Zone Regulations: Naval Force Pro- Director, Office of Sustainable Fisheries, Na- sion, transmitting, pursuant to law, the re- tection, Bath Iron Works, Bath, ME’’ tional Marine Fisheries Service, Department port of a rule entitled ‘‘Amendment of Sec- ((RIN2115–AA97) (2001–0079)) received on Au- of Commerce, transmitting, pursuant to law, tion 73.622(b), Table of Allotments, DTV gust 23, 2001; to the Committee on Com- the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Atlantic Highly Broadcast Stations, Missoula, MT’’ (Doc. No. merce, Science, and Transportation. Migratory Species Fisheries; Atlantic 01–15) received on August 30, 2001; to the EC–3771. A communication from the Chief Bluefin Tuna; Adjustment of General Cat- Committee on Commerce, Science, and of Regulations and Administrative Law, egory Daily Retention Limit’’ (I.D. 072501A) Transportation. United States Coast Guard, Department of received on August 24, 2001; to the Com- EC–3788. A communication from the Senior Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- Legal Advisor to the Bureau Chief, Mass law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Safety/Se- tation. Media Bureau, Federal Communications curity Zone Regulations; Lake Michigan, EC–3780. A communication from the Acting Commission, transmitting, pursuant to law, Grand Haven, MI’’ ((RIN2115–AA97) (2001– Director of the Office of Sustainable Fish- the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Amendment of 0075)) received on August 23, 2001; to the eries, National Marine Fisheries Service, De- Section 73.202(b), Table of Allotments, FM Committee on Commerce, Science, and partment of Commerce, transmitting, pursu- Broadcast Stations (Hugo, Colorado)’’ (Doc. Transportation. ant to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘At- No. 01–97) received on August 30, 2001; to the EC–3772. A communication from the Chief lantic Highly Migratory Species Fisheries; Committee on Commerce, Science, and of Regulations and Administrative Law, 2001 Atlantic Bluefin Tuna Quota Specifica- Transportation. United States Coast Guard, Department of tions and General Category Effort Controls’’ EC–3789. A communication from the Chief Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to (RIN0648–AO96) received on August 24, 2001; of Regulations and Administrative Law, law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Draw- to the Committee on Commerce, Science, United States Coast Guard, Department of bridge Regulations: Kennebec River, ME’’ and Transportation. Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:22 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00053 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A12SE6.034 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9336 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Regatta Charleston, SC’’ ((RIN2115–AA97)(2001–0082)) gust 30, 2001; to the Committee on Com- Regulations: SLR; Bush River, Abingdon, received on August 30, 2001; to the Com- merce, Science, and Transportation. Maryland’’ ((RIN2115–AE46) (2001–0026)) re- mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- EC–3808. A communication from the Para- ceived on August 30, 2001; to the Committee tation. legal Specialist, Federal Aviation Adminis- on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC–3799. A communication from the Chief tration, Department of Transportation, EC–3790. A communication from the Chief of Regulations and Administrative Law, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of of Regulations and Administrative Law, United States Coast Guard, Department of a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: United States Coast Guard, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to BAe Systems (Operations) Limited Model Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Safety/Se- Avro 146–RJ85A and 146–RJ100A Series Air- law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Draw- curity Zone Regulations; Maumee River, To- planes’’ ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001–0473)) received bridge Regulations; Bayou Boeuf, LA’’ ledo, Ohio’’ ((RIN2115–AA97)(2001–0086)) re- on August 30, 2001; to the Committee on ((RIN2115–AE47) (2001–0082)) received on Au- ceived on August 30, 2001; to the Committee Commerce, Science, and Transportation. gust 30, 2001; to the Committee on Com- on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC–3809. A communication from the Para- merce, Science, and Transportation. EC–3800. A communication from the Chief legal Specialist, Federal Aviation Adminis- EC–3791. A communication from the Chief of Regulations and Administrative Law, tration, Department of Transportation, of Regulations and Administrative Law, United States Coast Guard, Department of transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of United States Coast Guard, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to a rule entitled ‘‘Standard Instrument Ap- Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Safety/Se- proach Procedures; Miscellaneous Amend- law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Draw- curity Zone Regulations; Fireworks Display, ments (36) Amdt. No. 2065’’ ((RIN2120– bridge Regulations; Mississippi River, Iowa Newport, RI’’ ((RIN2115–AA97)(2001–0088)) re- AA65)(2001–0048)) received on August 30, 2001; and Illinois’’ ((RIN2115–AE47)(2001–0081)) re- ceived on August 30, 2001; to the Committee to the Committee on Commerce, Science, ceived on August 30, 2001; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. and Transportation. on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC–3801. A communication from the Chief EC–3810. A communication from the Para- EC–3792. A communication from the Chief of Regulations and Administrative Law, legal Specialist, Federal Aviation Adminis- of Regulations and Administrative Law, United States Coast Guard, Department of tration, Department of Transportation, United States Coast Guard, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Safety/Se- a rule entitled ‘‘Standard Instrument Ap- law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Safety/Se- curity Zone Regulations; Vicinity of Atlan- proach Procedures; Miscellaneous Amend- curity Zone Regulations: Triathlon, Ulster tic Fleet Weapons Training Facility, ments (63) Amdt. No. 2066’’ ((RIN2120– Landing, Hudson River, NY’’ ((RIN2115– Vieques, PR and Adjacent Territorial Sea’’ A65)(2001–0049)) received on August 30, 2001; AA97)(2001–0081)) received on August 30, 2001; ((RIN2115–AA97)(2001–0085)) received on Au- to the Committee on Commerce, Science, to the Committee on Commerce, Science, gust 30, 2001; to the Committee on Com- and Transportation. and Transportation. merce, Science, and Transportation. EC–3811. A communication from the Attor- EC–3793. A communication from the Chief EC–3802. A communication from the Chief ney-Advisor, National Highway Traffic Safe- of Regulations and Administrative Law, of Regulations and Administrative Law, ty Administration, Department of Transpor- United States Coast Guard, Department of United States Coast Guard, Department of tation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the re- Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to port of a rule entitled ‘‘Anthropomorphic law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Safety/Se- law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Safety/Se- Test Devices; 12-Month-Old Child Dummy; curity Zone Regulations; Gulf of Alaska, curity Zone Regulations; Candlelight on the Response to Petitions for Reconsideration’’ Southeast of Narrow Cape, Kodiak Island, Water, Port Washington, Wisconsin’’ (RIN2127–AI37) received on August 30, 2001; to AK’’ ((RIN2115–AA97)(2001–0094)) received on ((RIN2115–AA97)(2001–0087)) received on Au- the Committee on Commerce, Science, and August 30, 2001; to the Committee on Com- gust 30, 2001; to the Committee on Com- Transportation. merce, Science, and Transportation. merce, Science, and Transportation. EC–3812. A communication from the Attor- EC–3794. A communication from the Chief EC–3803. A communication from the Chief ney/Advisor of the National Highway Traffic of Regulations and Administrative Law, of Regulations and Administrative Law, Safety Administration, Department of United States Coast Guard, Department of United States Coast Guard, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Interior law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Safety/Se- law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Safety/Se- Trunk Release; Response to Petitions for Re- curity Zone Regulations; Sister Bay Marina curity Zone Regulations; Maumee River, consideration’’ (RIN2127–AI51) received on Fest, Sister Bay, Wisconsin’’ ((RIN2115– Rossford, Ohio’’ ((RIN2115–AA97)(2001–0090)) August 30, 2001; to the Committee on Com- AA97)(2001–0093)) received on August 30, 2001; received on August 30, 2001; to the Com- merce, Science, and Transportation. to the Committee on Commerce, Science, mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- EC–3813. A communication from the Attor- and Transportation. tation. ney/Advisor, Maritime Administration, De- EC–3795. A communication from the Chief EC–3804. A communication from the Chief partment of Transportation, transmitting, of Regulations and Administrative Law, of Regulations and Administrative Law, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled United States Coast Guard, Department of United States Coast Guard, Department of ‘‘Eligibility of U.S.-Flag Vessels of 100 Feet Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to or Greater in Registered Length to Obtain a law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Draw- law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Safety/Se- Fishery Endorsement to the Vessel’s Docu- bridge Regulations: Inner Harbor Navigation curity Zone Regulations; Indian Summer mentation’’ (RIN2133–AB45) received on Au- Canal, New Orleans, LA’’ ((RIN2115– Festival 2001, Milwaukee, Wisconsin’’ gust 30, 2001; to the Committee on Com- AE47)(2001–0083)) received on August 30, 2001; ((RIN2115–AA97)(2001–0091)) received on Au- merce, Science, and Transportation. to the Committee on Commerce, Science, gust 30, 2001; to the Committee on Com- EC–3814. A communication from the Senior and Transportation. merce, Science, and Transportation. Legal Advisor to Bureau Chief, Mass Media EC–3796. A communication from the Chief EC–3805. A communication from the Chief Bureau, Federal Communications Commis- of Regulations and Administrative Law, of Regulations and Administrative Law, sion, transmitting, pursuant to law, the re- United States Coast Guard, Department of United States Coast Guard, Department of port of a rule entitled ‘‘Amendment of Sec- Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to tion 73.202(b), Table of Allotments, FM law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Draw- law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Safety/Se- Broadcast Stations (Salem and Molalla, Or- bridge Regulations: Ouchita River, LA’’ curity Zone Regulations; Arthur Kill, Staten egon, and Fairport and Avon, New York)’’ ((RIN2115–AE47)(2001–0084)) received on Au- Island, NY’’ ((RIN2115–AA97)(2001–0092)) re- (Doc. No. 01–59) received on August 30, 2001; gust 30, 2001; to the Committee on Com- ceived on August 30, 2001; to the Committee to the Committee on Commerce, Science, merce, Science, and Transportation. on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. and Transportation. EC–3797. A communication from the Chief EC–3806. A communication from the Para- EC–3815. A communication from the Senior of Regulations and Administrative Law, legal Specialist, Federal Aviation Adminis- Legal Advisor to the Bureau Chief, Mass United States Coast Guard, Department of tration, Department of Transportation, Media Bureau, Federal Communications Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of Commission, transmitting, pursuant to law, law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Safety/Se- a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directive: the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Amendment of curity Zone Regulations: McArdle Bridge Re- CFM International CFM56 Series Turbofan Section 73.202(b), Table of Allotments, FM pairs—Boston, Massachusetts’’ ((RIN2115– Engines’’ ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001–0471)) re- Broadcast Stations (West Hurley, Rosendale AA97)(2001–0084)) received on August 30, 2001; ceived on August 30, 2001; to the Committee and Rhinebeck, New York, and North Canaan to the Committee on Commerce, Science, on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. and Sharon, Connecticut)’’ (Doc. No. 97–178) and Transportation. EC–3807. A communication from the Para- received on August 30, 2001; to the Com- EC–3798. A communication from the Chief legal Specialist, Federal Aviation Adminis- mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- of Regulations and Administrative Law, tration, Department of Transportation, tation. United States Coast Guard, Department of transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of EC–3816. A communication from the Senior Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: Legal Adviser to the Bureau Chief, Mass law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Safety/Se- Airbus Model A330 Series Airplanes’’ Media Bureau, Federal Communications curity Zone Regulations; Ashley River, ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001–0472)) received on Au- Commission, transmitting, pursuant to law,

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:22 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00054 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A12SE6.036 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9337 the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Amendment of REPORTS OF COMMITTEES DORGAN, Mr. DURBIN, Mr. EDWARDS, Section 73.202(b), Table of Allotments, FM Mr. ENSIGN, Mr. ENZI, Mr. FEINGOLD, Broadcast Stations (Topeka, Iola, Emporia, The following reports of committees Mrs. FEINSTEIN, Mr. FITZGERALD, Mr. and Pleasanton, Kansas)’’ (Doc. Nos. 98–9, 98– were submitted: FRIST, Mr. GRAHAM, Mr. GRAMM, Mr. 13) received on August 30, 2001; to the Com- By Mr. LEVIN, from the Committee on GRASSLEY, Mr. GREGG, Mr. HAGEL, mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- Armed Services, without amendment: Mr. HARKIN, Mr. HATCH, Mr. HOL- tation. S. 1416: An original bill to authorize appro- LINGS, Mr. HUTCHINSON, Mrs. EC–3817. A communication from the Senior priations for fiscal year 2002 for military ac- HUTCHISON, Mr. INHOFE, Mr. INOUYE, Legal Advisor to the Bureau Chief, Mass tivities of the Department of Defense, for Mr. JEFFORDS, Mr. JOHNSON, Mr. KEN- Media Bureau, Federal Communications military construction, and for defense activi- NEDY, Mr. KERRY, Mr. KOHL, Mr. KYL, Commission, transmitting, pursuant to law, ties of the Department of Energy, to pre- Ms. LANDRIEU, Mr. LEAHY, Mr. LEVIN, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Amendment of scribe personnel strengths for such fiscal Mr. LIEBERMAN, Mrs. LINCOLN, Mr. Section 73.202(b), Table of Allotments, FM year for the Armed Forces, and for other LUGAR, Mr. MCCAIN, Mr. MCCONNELL, Broadcast Stations (Sugar Hill and Toccoa, purposes. (Rept. No. 107–62). Ms. MIKULSKI, Mr. MILLER, Mr. MUR- Georgia)’’ (Doc. No. 98–162) received on Au- S. 1417: An original bill to authorize appro- KOWSKI, Mrs. MURRAY, Mr. NELSON of gust 30, 2001; to the Committee on Com- priations for fiscal year 2002 for defense ac- Florida, Mr. NELSON of Nebraska, Mr. merce, Science, and Transportation. tivities of the Department of Energy, and for REED, Mr. ROBERTS, Mr. ROCKE- other purposes. FELLER, Mr. SANTORUM, Mr. SAR- EC–3818. A communication from the Senior S. 1418: An original bill to authorize appro- BANES, Mr. SESSIONS, Mr. SHELBY, Legal Advisor to Bureau Chief, Mass Media priations for fiscal year 2002 for military Mr. SMITH of New Hampshire, Mr. Bureau, Federal Communication Commis- construction, and for other purposes.. SMITH of Oregon, Ms. SNOWE, Mr. sion, transmitting, pursuant to law, the re- S. 1419: An original bill to authorize appro- SPECTER, Ms. STABENOW, Mr. STE- port of a rule entitled ‘‘Amendment of Sec- priations for fiscal year 2002 for military ac- VENS, Mr. THOMAS, Mr. THOMPSON, tion 73.622(b), Table of Allotments, DTV tivities of the Department of Defense, to pre- Mr. THURMOND, Mr. TORRICELLI, Mr. Broadcast Stations, Panama City, FL’’ (Doc. scribe personnel strengths for such fiscal VOINOVICH, Mr. WELLSTONE, and Mr. No. 99–318) received on August 30, 2001; to the year for the Armed Forces, and for other WYDEN): Committee on Commerce, Science, and purposes. S.J. Res. 22. A joint resolution expressing Transportation. f the sense of the Senate and House of Rep- EC–3819. A communication from the Senior resentatives regarding the terrorist attacks Legal Advisor to the Bureau Chief, Mass INTRODUCTION OF BILLS AND launched against the United States on Sep- Media Bureau, Federal Communications JOINT RESOLUTIONS tember 11, 2001; considered and passed. Commission, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Amendment of The following bills and joint resolu- f Section 73.202(b), Table of FM Allotments; tions were introduced, read the first SUBMISSION OF CONCURRENT AND FM Broadcast Stations Naches, Sunnyside and second times by unanimous con- SENATE RESOLUTIONS and Benton City, Washington’’ (Doc. No. 01– sent, and referred as indicated: 95) received on August 30, 2001; to the Com- By Mr. LEVIN: The following concurrent resolutions mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- S. 1416. An original bill to authorize appro- and Senate resolutions were read, and tation. priations for fiscal year 2002 for military ac- referred (or acted upon), as indicated: EC–3820. A communication from the Senior tivities of the Department of Defense, for By Mr. THURMOND (for himself, Mr. Legal Advisor to the Bureau Chief, Mass military construction, and for defense activi- ALLEN, Mr. BAYH, Mr. BIDEN, Mr. Media Bureau, Federal Communications ties of the Department of Energy, to pre- BOND, Mr. BROWNBACK, Mr. BUNNING, Commission, transmitting, pursuant to law, scribe personnel strengths for such fiscal Mr. BURNS, Mr. BYRD, Mr. CAMPBELL, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Amendment of year for the Armed Forces, and for other Mr. CLELAND, Mr. COCHRAN, Mr. Section 73.202(b), Table of Allotments, FM purposes; from the Committee on Armed CONRAD, Mr. CRAIG, Mr. CRAPO, Mr. Broadcast Stations (Elkhorn City and Coal Services; placed on the calendar. DEWINE, Mr. DODD, Mr. DOMENICI, Mr. Run, Kentucky)’’ (Doc. No. 00–14) received on By Mr. LEVIN: DURBIN, Mr. EDWARDS, Mr. FITZ- August 30, 2001; to the Committee on Com- S. 1417. An original bill to authorize appro- GERALD, Mr. FRIST, Mr. GRAHAM, Mr. merce, Science, and Transportation. priations for fiscal year 2002 for defense ac- GRAMM, Mr. GRASSLEY, Mr. HAGEL, EC–3821. A communication from the Senior tivities of the Department of Energy, and for Mr. HATCH, Mr. HELMS, Mr. HOLLINGS, Legal Advisor to the Bureau Chief, Mass other purposes; from the Committee on Mrs. HUTCHISON, Mr. HUTCHINSON, Mr. Media Bureau, Federal Communications Armed Services; placed on the calendar. KERRY, Ms. LANDRIEU, Mr. LEVIN, Mr. Commission, transmitting, pursuant to law, By Mr. LEVIN: LOTT, Mr. MCCONNELL, Mr. MILLER, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Amendment of S. 1418. An original bill to authorize appro- Mr. NICKLES, Mr. ROBERTS, Mr. Section 73.622(b), Table of Allotments, DTV priations for fiscal year 2002 for military ROCKEFELLER, Mr. SANTORUM, Mr. Broadcast Stations, Kansas City, Missouri’’ construction, and for other purposes; from SCHUMER, Mr. SESSIONS, Mr. SHELBY, (Doc. No. 00–116) received on August 30, 2001; the Committee on Armed Services; placed on Mr. SMITH of New Hampshire, Mr. to the Committee on Commerce, Science, the calendar. SMITH of Oregon, Mr. SPECTER, Mr. and Transportation. By Mr. LEVIN: THOMPSON, Mr. VOINOVICH, Mr. WAR- S. 1419. An original bill to authorize appro- EC–3822. A communication from the Chair- NER, and Mr. WELLSTONE): priations for fiscal year 2002 for military ac- man of the Federal Communications Com- S. Res. 159. A resolution designating the tivities of the Department of Defense, to pre- mission, transmitting, pursuant to law, the week beginning September 16, 2001, as ‘‘Na- scribe personnel strengths for such fiscal Auctions Expenditure Report for Fiscal Year tional Historically Black Colleges and Uni- year for the Armed Forces, and for other 2000; to the Committee on Commerce, versities Week’’; to the Committee on the purposes; from the Committee on Armed Science, and Transportation. Judiciary. Services; placed on the calendar. By Mr. HATCH (for himself, Mr. REID, EC–3823. A communication from the Chief By Mr. HATCH: Mr. INHOFE, Mr. THURMOND, Mr. BEN- of Regulations and Administrative Law, S. 1420. A bill to make clerical and other NETT, Mr. DODD, Mr. STEVENS, Mr. United States Coast Guard, Department of technical amendments to title 18, United CRAIG, Mr. GRASSLEY, Mr. CLELAND, Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to States Code, and other laws relating to Mr. HUTCHINSON, and Mr. INOUYE): law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Regatta crime and criminal procedure; to the Com- S. Res. 160. A resolution designating the Regulations: SLR; Nanticoke River, mittee on the Judiciary. month of October 2001, as ‘‘Family History Sharptown, Maryland’’ ((RIN2115–AE46)(2001– By Mr. DASCHLE (for himself, Mr. Month’’; to the Committee on the Judiciary. 0025)) received on August 30, 2001; to the LOTT, Mr. REID, Mr. NICKLES, Mr. Committee on Commerce, Science, and SCHUMER, Mrs. CLINTON, Mr. WARNER, f Transportation. Mr. ALLEN, Mr. BIDEN, Mr. HELMS, ADDITIONAL COSPONSORS EC–3824. A communication from the Chief Mr. AKAKA, Mr. ALLARD, Mr. BAUCUS, Financial Officer, Office of Managing Direc- Mr. BAYH, Mr. BENNETT, Mr. BINGA- S. 88 tor, Federal Communications Commission, MAN, Mr. BOND, Mrs. BOXER, Mr. At the request of Mr. ROCKEFELLER, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of BREAUX, Mr. BROWNBACK, Mr. the name of the Senator from Cali- a rule entitled ‘‘In the Matter of Amendment BUNNING, Mr. BURNS, Mr. BYRD, Mr. fornia (Mrs. FEINSTEIN) was added as a of Parts 1, 21, 61, 73, 74, and 76 of the Commis- CAMPBELL, Ms. CANTWELL, Mrs. cosponsor of S. 88, a bill to amend the sion’s Rules; Adoption of a Mandatory FCC CARNAHAN, Mr. CARPER, Mr. CHAFEE, Registration Number’’ (Doc. No. 00–205) re- Mr. CLELAND, Mr. COCHRAN, Ms. COL- Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to pro- ceived on September 4, 2001; to the Com- LINS, Mr. CONRAD, Mr. CORZINE, Mr. vide an incentive to ensure that all mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- CRAIG, Mr. CRAPO, Mr. DAYTON, Mr. Americans gain timely and equitable tation. DEWINE, Mr. DODD, Mr. DOMENICI, Mr. access to the Internet over current and

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:22 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00055 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A12SE6.039 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9338 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 future generations of broadband capa- CRAPO) was added as a cosponsor of S. (2) INSERTION OF MISSING WORDS.—Section bility. 1022, a bill to amend the Internal Rev- 981(d) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘proceeds from the sale S. 172 enue Code of 1986 to allow Federal ci- of this section’’ and inserting ‘‘proceeds from At the request of Mr. SMITH of Or- vilian and military retirees to pay the sale of such property under this section’’. egon, the name of the Senator from health insurance premiums on a pretax (3) CORRECTION OF INCORRECT WORD.—Sec- Washington (Ms. CANTWELL) was added basis and to allow a deduction for tions 1425 through 1427, 1541 through 1544 and as a cosponsor of S. 172, a bill to ben- TRICARE supplemental premiums. 1546(a) of title 18, United States Code, are efit electricity consumers by pro- S. 1140 each amended by striking ‘‘to facility’’ and inserting ‘‘to facilitate’’. moting the reliability of the bulk- At the request of Mr. HATCH, the (4) CORRECTING ERRONEOUS AMENDATORY power system. name of the Senator from Maine (Ms. LANGUAGE ON EXECUTED AMENDMENT.—Effec- S. 247 COLLINS) was added as a cosponsor of S. tive on the date of the enactment of Public At the request of Mr. HARKIN, the 1140, a bill to amend chapter 1 of title Law 103–322, section 60003(a)(13) of such pub- name of the Senator from New York 9, United States Code, to provide for lic law is amended by striking ‘‘$1,000,000 or (Mrs. CLINTON) was added as a cospon- greater fairness in the arbitration imprisonment’’ and inserting ‘‘$1,000,000 and sor of S. 247, a bill to provide for the process relating to motor vehicle fran- imprisonment’’. chise contracts. (5) INSERTION OF MISSING WORD.—Section protection of children from tobacco. 3286 of title 18, United States Code, is amend- S. 484 S. 1333 ed by inserting ‘‘section’’ before ‘‘2332b’’. At the request of Ms. SNOWE, the At the request of Mr. JEFFORDS, the (6) CORRECTION OF REFERENCE TO SHORT name of the Senator from New Mexico name of the Senator from California TITLE OF LAW.—That section 2332d(a) of title (Mr. BINGAMAN) was added as a cospon- (Mrs. FEINSTEIN) was added as a co- 18, United States Code, which relates to fi- sor of S. 484, a bill to amend part B of sponsor of S. 1333, a bill to enhance the nancial transactions is amended by inserting benefits of the national electric system ‘‘of 1979’’ after ‘‘Export Administration Act’’. title IV of the Social Security Act to (7) ELIMINATION OF TYPO.—Section 1992(b) create a grant program to promote by encouraging and supporting State of title 18, United States Code, is amended by joint activities among Federal, State, programs for renewable energy sources, striking ‘‘term or years’’ and inserting and local public child welfare and alco- universal electric service, affordable ‘‘term of years’’. hol and drug abuse prevention and electric service, and energy conserva- (8) SPELLING CORRECTION.—Section 2339A(a) treatment agencies. tion and efficiency, and for other pur- of title 18, United States Code, is amended by poses. striking ‘‘or an escape’’ and inserting ‘‘of an S. 805 escape’’. S. 1379 At the request of Mr. WELLSTONE, the (9) SECTION 3553.—Section 3553(e) of title 18, name of the Senator from Virginia (Mr. At the request of Mr. KENNEDY, the United States Code, is amended by inserting WARNER) was added as a cosponsor of S. name of the Senator from South Caro- ‘‘a’’ before ‘‘minimum’’. 805, a bill to amend the Public Health lina (Mr. HOLLINGS) was added as a co- (10) MISSPELLING IN SECTION 205.—Section Service Act to provide for research sponsor of S. 1379, a bill to amend the 205(d)(1)(B) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘groups’s’’ and insert- with respect to various forms of mus- Public Health Service Act to establish an Office of Rare Diseases at the Na- ing ‘‘group’s’’. cular dystrophy, including Duchenne, (11) CONFORMING CHANGE AND INSERTING tional Institutes of Health, and for Becker, limb girdle, congenital, MISSING WORD IN SECTION 709.—The paragraph facioscapulohumeral, myotonic, other purposes. in section 709 of title 18, United States Code, oculopharyngeal, distal, and emery- S. 1409 that begins with ‘‘A person who’’ is amend- dreifuss muscular dystrophies. At the request of Mrs. FEINSTEIN, the ed— (A) by striking ‘‘A person who’’ and insert- S. 913 names of the Senator from Louisiana ing ‘‘Whoever’’; and (Ms. LANDRIEU) and the Senator from At the request of Ms. SNOWE, the (B) by inserting ‘‘or’’ after the semicolon names of the Senator from New Mexico Oregon (Mr. WYDEN) were added as co- at the end. (Mr. BINGAMAN), the Senator from sponsors of S. 1409, a bill to impose (12) ERROR IN LANGUAGE BEING STRICKEN.— Washington (Ms. CANTWELL), and the sanctions against the PLO or the Pal- Effective on the date of its enactment, sec- Senator from Michigan (Ms. STABENOW) estinian Authority if the President de- tion 726(2) of the Antiterrorism and Effective were added as cosponsors of S. 913, a termines that those entities have failed Death Penalty Act of 1996 (Public Law 104– 132) is amended— bill to amend title XVIII of the Social to substantially comply with commit- ments made to the State of Israel. (A) in subparagraphs (C) and (E), by strik- Security Act to provide for coverage ing ‘‘section’’ the first place it appears; and under the medicare program of all oral f (B) in subparagraph (G), by striking ‘‘relat- anticancer drugs. STATEMENTS ON INTRODUCED ing to’’ the first place it appears. S. 917 BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS (b) MARGINS, PUNCTUATION, AND SIMILAR ERRORS.— At the request of Ms. COLLINS, the By Mr. HATCH: (1) MARGIN ERROR.—Section 1030(c)(2) of name of the Senator from Massachu- S. 1420. A bill to make clerical and title 18, United States Code, is amended so setts (Mr. KERRY) was added as a co- other technical amendments to title 18, that the margins of subparagraph (B) and sponsor of S. 917, a bill to amend the United States Code, and other laws re- each of its clauses, are moved 2 ems to the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to ex- lating to crime and criminal procedure; left. (2) CORRECTING CAPITALIZATION IN LAN- clude from gross income amounts re- to the Committee on the Judiciary. GUAGE TO BE STRICKEN.—Effective on the date ceived on account of claims based on Mr. HATCH. Mr. President, I ask certain unlawful discrimination and to of its enactment, section 607(g)(2) of the Eco- unanimous consent that the text of the nomic Espionage Act of 1996 is amended by allow income averaging for backpay bill be printed in the RECORD. striking ‘‘territory’’ and inserting ‘‘Terri- and frontpay awards received on ac- There being no objection, the bill was tory’’. count of such claims, and for other pur- ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as (3) CORRECTING PARAGRAPHING.—The mate- poses. follows: rial added to section 521(a) of title 18, United States Code, by section 607(q) of the Eco- S. 966 S. 1420 nomic Espionage Act of 1996 is amended to At the request of Mr. DORGAN, the Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- names of the Senator from Iowa (Mr. appear as a paragraph indented 2 ems from resentatives of the United States of America in the left margin. HARKIN) and the Senator from North Congress assembled, (4) SUBSECTION PLACEMENT CORRECTION.— Dakota (Mr. CONRAD) were added as co- SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. Section 1513 of title 18, United States Code, sponsors of S. 966, a bill to amend the This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Criminal is amended by transferring subsection (d) so National Telecommunications and In- Law Technical Amendments Act of 2001’’. that it appears following subsection (c). formation Administration Organiza- SEC. 2. TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS RELATING TO (5) INSERTION OF PARENTHETICAL DESCRIP- tion Act to encourage deployment of CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE. TIONS.—Section 2332b(g)(5)(B)(i) of title 18, broadband service to rural America. (a) MISSING AND INCORRECT WORDS.— United States Code, is amended— (1) CORRECTION OF GARBLED SENTENCE.— (A) by inserting ‘‘(relating to certain S. 1022 Section 510(c) of title 18, United States Code, killings in Federal facilities)’’ after ‘‘930(c)’’; At the request of Mr. WARNER, the is amended by striking ‘‘fine of under this (B) by inserting ‘‘(relating to wrecking name of the Senator from Idaho (Mr. title’’ and inserting ‘‘fine under this title’’. trains)’’ after ‘‘1992’’; and

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:22 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00056 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A12SE6.048 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9339

(C) by striking ‘‘2332c,’’. (c) ELIMINATION OF REDUNDANCIES.— (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking ‘‘of (6) CORRECTION TO ALLOW FOR INSERTION OF (1) ELIMINATION OF REDUNDANT PROVISION.— $50,000’’ and inserting ‘‘under title 18, United NEW SUBPARAGRAPH AND CORRECTION OF ERRO- Section 2516(1) of title 18, United States States Code’’. NEOUS INDENTATION.—Section 1956(c)(7) of Code, is amended— (C) IN SECTION 403.—Section 403(d) of the title 18, United States Code, is amended— (A) by striking the first paragraph (p); and Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 843(d)) (A) in subparagraph (B)(ii), by moving the (B) by inserting ‘‘or’’ at the end of para- is amended— margin 2 ems to the right; graph (o). (i) by striking ‘‘of not more than $30,000’’ (B) by striking ‘‘or’’ at the end of subpara- (2) ELIMINATION OF DUPLICATE AMEND- each place that term appears and inserting graph (D); MENTS.—Effective on the date of its enact- ‘‘under title 18, United States Code’’; and (C) by striking the period at the end of sub- ment, paragraphs (1), (2), and (4) of section (ii) by striking ‘‘of not more than $60,000’’ paragraph (E) and inserting ‘‘; or’’; and 601(b), paragraph (2) of section 601(d), para- each place it appears and inserting ‘‘under (D) in subparagraph (F), by striking ‘‘Any’’ graph (2) of section 601(f), paragraphs (1) and title 18, United States Code’’. and inserting ‘‘any’’. (2)(A) of section 601(j), paragraphs (1) and (2) (e) CROSS REFERENCE CORRECTIONS.— (7) CORRECTION OF CONFUSING SUBDIVISION of section 601(k), subsection (d) of section (1) SECTION 3664.—Section 3664(o)(1)(C) of DESIGNATION.—Section 1716 of title 18, United 602, paragraph (4) of section 604(b), sub- title 18, United States Code, is amended by States Code, is amended— section (r) of section 605, and paragraph (2) of striking ‘‘section 3664(d)(3)’’ and inserting (A) in the first undesignated paragraph, by section 607(j) of the Economic Espionage Act ‘‘subsection (d)(5)’’. inserting ‘‘(j)(1)’’ before ‘‘Whoever’’; of 1996 are repealed. (2) CHAPTER 228.—Section 3592(c)(1) of title (B) in the second undesignated paragraph— (3) ELIMINATION OF EXTRA COMMA.—Section 18, United States Code, is amended by strik- (i) by striking ‘‘not more than $10,000’’ and 1956(c)(7)(D) of title 18, United States Code, is ing ‘‘section 36’’ and inserting ‘‘section 37’’. inserting ‘‘under this title’’; and amended— (3) CORRECTING ERRONEOUS CROSS REF- (ii) by inserting ‘‘(2)’’ at the beginning of (A) by striking ‘‘Code,,’’ and inserting ERENCE IN CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES ACT.— that paragraph; ‘‘Code,’’; and Section 511(a)(10) of the Controlled Sub- (C) by inserting ‘‘(3)’’ at the beginning of stances Act (21 U.S.C. 881(a)(10)) is amended the third undesignated paragraph; and (B) by striking ‘‘services),,’’ and inserting ‘‘services),’’. by striking ‘‘1822 of the Mail Order Drug Par- (D) by redesignating subsection (j) as sub- aphernalia Control Act’’ and inserting ‘‘422’’. section (k). (4) REPEAL OF SECTION GRANTING DUPLICA- (4) CORRECTION TO REFLECT CROSS REF- (8) PUNCTUATION CORRECTION IN SECTION TIVE AUTHORITY.— ERENCE CHANGE MADE BY OTHER LAW.—Effec- 1091.—Section 1091(b)(1) of title 18, United (A) Section 3503 of title 18, United States tive on the date of its enactment, section States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘sub- Code, is repealed. 601(c)(3) of the Economic Espionage Act of section (a)(1),’’ and inserting ‘‘subsection (B) The table of sections at the beginning 1996 is amended by striking ‘‘247(d)’’ and in- (a)(1)’’. of chapter 223 of title 18, United States Code, serting ‘‘247(e)’’. (9) PUNCTUATION CORRECTION IN SECTION is amended by striking the item relating to (5) TYPOGRAPHICAL AND TYPEFACE ERROR IN 2311.—Section 2311 of title 18, United States section 3503. TABLE OF CHAPTERS.—The item relating to Code, is amended by striking the period after (5) ELIMINATION OF OUTMODED REFERENCE TO chapter 123 in the table of chapters at the be- ‘‘carcasses thereof’’ the second place that PAROLE.—Section 929(b) of title 18, United term appears and inserting a semicolon. States Code, is amended by striking the last ginning of part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended— (10) SYNTAX CORRECTION.—Section 115(b)(2) sentence. (A) by striking ‘‘2271’’ and inserting ‘‘2721’’; of title 18, United States Code, is amended by (d) CORRECTION OF OUTMODED FINE striking ‘‘, attempted kidnapping, or con- and AMOUNTS.— spiracy to kidnap of a person’’ and inserting (B) so that the item appears in bold face (1) IN TITLE 18, UNITED STATES CODE.— ‘‘or attempted kidnapping of, or a conspiracy type. (A) IN SECTION 492.—Section 492 of title 18, to kidnap, a person’’. (6) SECTION 4104.—Section 4104(d) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking (11) CORRECTING CAPITALIZATION IN SECTION United States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘not more than $100’’ and inserting ‘‘under 982.—Section 982(a)(8) of title 18, United ‘‘section 3653 of this title and rule 32(f) of’’ States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘Court’’ this title’’. and inserting ‘‘section 3565 of this title and and inserting ‘‘court’’. (B) IN SECTION 665.—Section 665(c) of title the applicable provisions of’’. 18, United States Code, is amended by strik- (12) PUNCTUATION CORRECTIONS IN SECTION (7) ERROR IN AMENDATORY LANGUAGE.—Ef- 1029.—Section 1029 of title 18, United States ing ‘‘a fine of not more than $5,000’’ and in- fective on the date of its enactment, section Code, is amended— serting ‘‘a fine under this title’’. 583 of the Foreign Operations, Export Fi- (A) in subsection (c)(1)(A)(ii), by striking (C) IN SECTIONS 1924, 2075, 2113(b), AND 2236.— nancing, and Related Programs Appropria- ‘‘(9),’’ and inserting ‘‘(9)’’; and (i) Section 1924(a) of title 18, United States tions Act, 1998 (111 Stat. 2436) is amended by (B) in subsection (e), by adding a semicolon Code, is amended by striking ‘‘not more than striking ‘‘Section 2401’’ and inserting ‘‘Sec- at the end of paragraph (8). $1,000,’’ and inserting ‘‘under this title’’. tion 2441’’. (13) CORRECTIONS OF CONNECTORS AND PUNC- (ii) Sections 2075 and 2113(b) of title 18, (8) ERROR IN CROSS REFERENCE TO COURT TUATION IN SECTION 1030.—Section 1030 of title United States Code, are each amended by RULES.—The first sentence of section 3593(c) 18, United States Code, is amended— striking ‘‘not more than $1,000’’ and insert- of title 18, United States Code, is amended by (A) by striking ‘‘and’’ at the end of sub- ing ‘‘under this title’’. striking ‘‘rule 32(c)’’ and inserting ‘‘rule 32’’. section (c)(2)(A); (iii) Section 2236 of title 18, United States (9) SECTION 1836.—Section 1836 of title 18, (B) by inserting ‘‘and’’ at the end of sub- Code, is amended by inserting ‘‘under this United States Code, is amended— section (c)(2)(B)(iii); title’’ after ‘‘warrant, shall be fined’’, and by (A) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘this sec- (C) by striking ‘‘; and’’ at the end of sub- striking ‘‘not more than $1,000’’. tion’’ and inserting ‘‘this chapter’’; and section (c)(3)(B) and inserting a period; (D) IN SECTION 372 AND 752.—Sections 372 and (B) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘this sub- (D) by striking the period at the end of 752(a) of title 18, United States Code, are section’’ and inserting ‘‘this section’’. subsection (e)(4)(I) and inserting a semi- each amended by striking ‘‘not more than (10) CORRECTION OF ERRONEOUS CITE IN colon; and $5,000’’ and inserting ‘‘under this title’’. CHAPTER 119.—Section 2510(10) of title 18, (E) by striking ‘‘and’’ at the end of sub- (E) IN SECTION 924(e)(1).—Section 924(e)(1) of United States Code, is amended by striking section (e)(7). title 18, United States Code, is amended by ‘‘shall have’’ and all that follows through (14) CORRECTION OF PUNCTUATION IN SECTION striking ‘‘not more than $25,000’’ and insert- ‘‘United States Code;’’ and inserting ‘‘has 1032.—Section 1032(1) of title 18, United States ing ‘‘under this title’’. the meaning given that term in section 3 of Code, is amended by striking ‘‘13,’’ and in- (2) IN THE CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES ACT.— the Communications Act of 1934;’’. serting ‘‘13’’. (A) IN SECTION 401.—Section 401(d) of the (11) ELIMINATION OF OUTMODED CITE IN SEC- (15) CORRECTION OF PUNCTUATION IN SECTION Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 841(d)) TION 2339A.—Section 2339A(a) of title 18, 1345.—Section 1345(a)(1) of title 18, United is amended— United States Code, is amended by striking States Code, is amended— (i) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘and shall ‘‘2332c,’’. (A) in subparagraph (B), by striking ‘‘, or’’ be fined not more than $10,000’’ and inserting (12) CORRECTION OF REFERENCES IN AMEND- and inserting ‘‘; or’’; and ‘‘or fined under title 18, United States Code, ATORY LANGUAGE.—Effective the date of its (B) in subparagraph (C), by striking the pe- or both’’; and enactment, section 115(a)(8)(B) of Public Law riod and inserting a semicolon. (ii) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘and shall 105–119 is amended— (16) CORRECTION OF PUNCTUATION IN SECTION be fined not more than $20,000’’ and inserting (A) in clause (i)— 3612.—Section 3612(f)(2)(B) of title 18, United ‘‘or fined under title 18, United States Code, (i) by striking ‘‘at the end of’’ and insert- States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘pre- or both’’. ing ‘‘following’’; and ceding.’’ and inserting ‘‘preceding’’. (B) IN SECTION 402.—Section 402(c)(2) of the (ii) by striking ‘‘paragraph’’ the second (17) CORRECTION OF INDENTATION IN CON- Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 842(c)) place it appears and inserting ‘‘subsection’’; TROLLED SUBSTANCES ACT.—Section 402(c)(2) is amended— and of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking ‘‘of not (B) in clause (ii), by striking ‘‘subpara- 842(c)(2)) is amended by moving the margin more than $25,000’’ and inserting ‘‘under title graph (A)’’ and inserting ‘‘clause (i)’’. of subparagraph (C) 2 ems to the left. 18, United States Code’’; and (f) TABLES OF SECTIONS CORRECTIONS.—

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:22 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00057 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A12SE6.040 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9340 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 (1) CONFORMING TABLE OF SECTIONS TO LANDRIEU, Mr. LEAHY, Mr. the United States in the aftermath of the at- HEADING OF SECTION.—The item relating to LEVIN, Mr. LIEBERMAN, Mrs. tacks, and asks them to continue to stand section 1837 in the table of sections at the be- LINCOLN, Mr. LUGAR, Mr. with the United States in the war against ginning of chapter 90 of title 18, United international terrorism; MCCAIN, Mr. MCCONNELL, Ms. States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘Con- (7) commits to support increased resources duct’’ and inserting ‘‘Applicability to con- MIKULSKI, Mr. MILLER, Mr. in the war to eradicate terrorism; duct’’. MURKOWSKI, Mrs. MURRAY, Mr. (8) supports the determination of the Presi- (2) CONFORMING HEADING TO TABLE OF SEC- NELSON of Florida, Mr. NELSON dent, in close consultation with Congress, to TIONS ENTRY.—The heading of section 1920 of of Nebraska, Mr. REED, Mr. bring to justice and punish the perpetrators title 18, United States Code, is amended by ROBERTS, Mr. ROCKEFELLER, of these attacks as well as their sponsors; striking ‘‘employee’s’’ and inserting ‘‘em- Mr. SANTORUM, Mr. SARBANES, and ployees’’’. Mr. SESSIONS, Mr. SHELBY, Mr. (9) declares that September 12, 2001, shall SEC. 3. ADDITIONAL TECHNICALS. be a National Day of Unity and Mourning, SMITH of New Hampshire, Mr. Title 18, United States Code, is amended— and that when Congress adjourns today, it (1) in section 922(t)(1)(C), by striking SMITH of Oregon, Ms. SNOWE, stands adjourned out of respect to the vic- ‘‘1028(d)(1)’’ and inserting ‘‘1028(d)’’; Mr. SPECTER, Ms. STABENOW, tims of the terrorist attacks. (2) in section 1005— Mr. STEVENS, Mr. THOMAS, Mr. f (A) in the first undesignated paragraph, by THOMPSON, Mr. THURMOND, Mr. striking ‘‘Act,,’’ and inserting ‘‘Act,’’; and TORRICELLI, Mr. VOINOVICH, Mr. STATEMENTS ON SUBMITTED (B) by inserting ‘‘or’’ at the end of the WELLSTONE, and Mr. WYDEN): RESOLUTIONS third undesignated paragraph; S.J. Res. 22. A joint resolution ex- (3) in section 1071, by striking ‘‘fine of pressing the sense of the Senate and under this title’’ and inserting ‘‘fine under SENATE RESOLUTION 159—DESIG- House of Representatives regarding the this title’’; NATING THE WEEK BEGINNING terrorist attacks launched against the (4) in section 1368(a), by inserting ‘‘to’’ SEPTEMBER 16, 2001, AS ‘‘NA- United States on September 11, 2001; after ‘‘serious bodily injury’’; TIONAL HISTORICALLY BLACK considered and passed. (5) in section 1956(c)(7)(B)(ii), by inserting COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES ‘‘or’’ at the end thereof; Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. President, I ask WEEK’’ (6) in section 1956(c)(7)(B)(iii), by inserting unanimous consent that the text of the a closing parenthesis after ‘‘1978’’; joint resolution be printed in the Mr. THURMOND (for himself, Mr. (7) in subsections (b)(1) and (c) of section RECORD. ALLEN, Mr. BAYH, Mr. BIDEN, Mr. BOND, 2252A, by striking ‘‘paragraphs’’ and insert- There being no objection, the joint Mr. BROWNBACK, Mr. BUNNING, Mr. ing ‘‘paragraph’’; and BURNS, Mr. BYRD, Mr. CAMPBELL, Mr. (8) in section 2254(a)(3), by striking the resolution was ordered to be printed in comma before the period at the end. the RECORD, as follows: CLELAND, Mr. COCHRAN, Mr. CONRAD, SEC. 4. REPEAL OF OUTMODED PROVISIONS. S.J. RES. 22 Mr. CRAIG, Mr. CRAPO, Mr. DEWINE, Mr. (a) Section 14 of title 18, United States Whereas on September 11, 2001, terrorists DODD, Mr. DOMENICI, Mr. DURBIN, Mr. Code, and the item relating thereto in the hijacked and destroyed four civilian aircraft, EDWARDS, Mr. FITZGERALD, Mr. FRIST, table of sections at the beginning of chapter crashing two of them into the towers of the Mr. GRAHAM, Mr. GRAMM, Mr. GRASS- 1 of title 18, United States Code, are re- World Trade Center in New York City, and a LEY, Mr. HAGEL, Mr. HATCH, Mr. pealed. third into the Pentagon outside Washington, HELMS, Mr. HOLLINGS, Mrs. HUTCHISON, (b) Section 1261 of such title is amended— D.C.; (1) by striking ‘‘(a) The Secretary’’ and in- Mr. HUTCHINSON, Mr. KERRY, Ms. Whereas thousands of innocent Americans LANDRIEW, Mr. LEVIN, Mr. LOTT, Mr. serting ‘‘The Secretary’’; and were killed and injured as a result of these MCCONNELL, Mr. MILLER, Mr. NICKLES, (2) by striking subsection (b). attacks, including the passengers and crew (c) Section 1821 of such title is amended by of the four aircraft, workers in the World Mr. ROBERTS, Mr. ROCKEFELLER, Mr. striking ‘‘, the Canal Zone’’. SANTORUM, Mr. SCHUMER, Mr. SESSIONS, (d) Section 3183 of such title is amended by Trade Center and in the Pentagon, rescue Mr. SHELBY, Mr. SMITH of New Hamp- striking ‘‘or the Panama Canal Zone,’’. workers, and bystanders; (e) Section 3241 of such title is amended by Whereas these attacks destroyed both tow- shire, Mr. SMITH of Oregon, Mr. SPEC- striking ‘‘United States District Court for ers of the World Trade Center, as well as ad- TER, Mr. THOMPSON, Mr. VOINOVICH, Mr. the Canal Zone and the’’. jacent buildings, and seriously damaged the WARNER, and Mr. WELLSTONE) sub- Pentagon; and mitted the following resolution; which By Mr. DASCHLE (for himself, Whereas these attacks were by far the was referred to the Committee on the Mr. LOTT, Mr. REID, Mr. NICK- deadliest terrorist attacks ever launched against the United States, and, by targeting Judiciary: LES, Mr. SCHUMER, Mrs. CLIN- symbols of American strength and success, S. RES. 159 TON, Mr. WARNER, Mr. ALLEN, clearly were intended to intimidate our Na- Whereas there are 105 historically black Mr. BIDEN, Mr. HELMS, Mr. tion and weaken its resolve: Now, therefore, colleges and universities in the United AKAKA, Mr. ALLARD, Mr. BAU- be it States; CUS, Mr. BAYH, Mr. BENNETT, Resolved by the Senate and House of Rep- Whereas black colleges and universities Mr. BINGAMAN, Mr. BOND, Mrs. resentatives of the United States of America in provide the quality education so essential to BOXER, Mr. BREAUX, Mr. Congress assembled, That Congress— full participation in a complex, highly tech- BROWNBACK, Mr. BUNNING, Mr. (1) condemns in the strongest possible nological society; terms the terrorists who planned and carried Whereas black colleges and universities BURNS, Mr. BYRD, Mr. CAMP- out the September 11, 2001, attacks against have a rich heritage and have played a BELL, Ms. CANTWELL, Mrs. the United States, as well as their sponsors; prominent role in American history; CARNAHAN, Mr. CARPER, Mr. (2) extends its deepest condolences to the Whereas black colleges and universities CHAFEE, Mr. CLELAND, Mr. victims of these heinous and cowardly at- have allowed many underprivileged students COCHRAN, Ms. COLLINS, Mr. tacks, as well as to their families, friends, to attain their full potential through higher CONRAD, Mr. CORZINE, Mr. and loved ones; education; and CRAIG, Mr. CRAPO, Mr. DAYTON, (3) is certain that the people of the United Whereas the achievements and goals of his- Mr. DEWINE, Mr. DODD, Mr. States will stand united as our Nation begins torically black colleges and universities are the process of recovering and rebuilding in deserving of national recognition: Now, DOMENICI, Mr. DORGAN, Mr. the aftermath of these tragic acts; therefore, be it DURBIN, Mr. EDWARDS, Mr. EN- (4) commends the heroic actions of the res- Resolved, SIGN, Mr. ENZI, Mr. FEINGOLD, cue workers, volunteers, and State and local SECTION 1. DESIGNATION OF NATIONAL HIS- Mrs. FEINSTEIN, Mr. FITZ- officials who responded to these tragic TORICALLY BLACK COLLEGES AND GERALD, Mr. FRIST, Mr. events with courage, determination, and UNIVERSITIES WEEK. GRAHAM,, Mr. GRAMM, Mr. skill; The Senate— GRASSLEY, Mr. GREGG, Mr. (5) declares that these premeditated at- (1) designates the week beginning Sep- HAGEL, Mr. HARKIN, Mr. HATCH, tacks struck not only at the people of Amer- tember 16, 2001, as ‘‘National Historically ica, but also at the symbols and structures of Black Colleges and Universities Week’’; and Mr. HOLLINGS, Mr. HUTCHINSON, our economic and military strength, and (2) requests that the President of the Mrs. HUTCHISON, Mr. INHOFE, that the United States is entitled to respond United States issue a proclamation calling Mr. INOUYE, Mr. JEFFORDS, Mr. under international law; on the people of the United States and inter- JOHNSON, Mr. KENNEDY, Mr. (6) thanks those foreign leaders and indi- ested groups to observe the week with appro- KERRY, Mr. KOHL, Mr. KYL, Ms. viduals who have expressed solidarity with priate ceremonies, activities, and programs

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:22 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00058 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A12SE6.040 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9341 to demonstrate support for historically search their family heritage and its impact tember 30, 2002, and for other purposes; black colleges and universities in the United upon the history of our Nation and the which was ordered to lie on the table; States. world; as follows: Whereas approximately 60 percent of Mr. THURMOND. Mr. President, I On page 75, insert between lines 11 and 12 rise to submit a Senate Resolution des- Americans have expressed an interest in tracing their family history; the following: ignating the week beginning Sep- Whereas the study of family history gives SEC. 306. ADDITIONAL FEDERAL JUDGESHIPS tember 16, 2001, as ‘‘National Histori- individuals a sense of their heritage and a FOR CRITICAL AREAS. cally Black Colleges and Universities sense of responsibility in carrying out a leg- (a) DISTRICT JUDGES FOR THE DISTRICT Week.’’ It is my privilege to sponsor acy that their ancestors began; COURTS.—The President shall appoint, by this legislation, honoring the Histori- Whereas as individuals learn about their and with the advice and consent of the Sen- cally Black Colleges of our Country, ancestors who worked so hard and sacrificed ate, the number of additional permanent dis- trict judges recommended by the Judicial for the sixteenth time. so much, their commitment to honor their ancestors’ memory by doing good is in- Conference’s Request to Congress issued Feb- Thousands of young Americans have ruary 5, 2001, for any district where the received quality educations at the 105 creased; Whereas interest in our personal family weighted filings per judgeship in the 12 Historically Black Colleges and Uni- history transcends all cultural and religious months ending September 30, 2000 is, accord- versities in this Country. These insti- affiliations; ing to the Judicial Conference, greater than tutions have a long and distinguished Whereas to encourage family history re- twice the national benchmark caseload history of providing the training nec- search, education, and the sharing of knowl- standard used by the Judicial Conference as essary for participation in a rapidly edge is to renew the commitment to the con- a measure of the need for new judgeships. changing society. I am pleased that cept of home and family; and (b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— Whereas the involvement of National, There are authorized to be appropriated such eight of the 105 Historically Black Col- sums as may be necessary to carry out this leges and Universities are located in State, and local officials in promoting gene- alogy and in facilitating access to family section, including such sums as may be nec- my State of South Carolina. Histori- history records in archives and libraries are essary to provide appropriate space and fa- cally Black Colleges offer our citizens important factors in the successful percep- cilities for the judicial positions created by a variety of curricula and programs tion of nationwide camaraderie, support, and this section. through which young people develop participation: Now, therefore, be it skills and talents, thereby expanding Resolved, That the Senate— SA 1550. Ms. COLLINS submitted an opportunities for continued social (1) designates the month of October 2001, as amendment intended to be proposed by progress. ‘‘Family History Month’’; and her to the bill H.R. 2500, making appro- Studies have shown that Historically (2) requests that the President issue a priations for the Departments of Com- Black Colleges and Universities have proclamation calling upon the people of the merce, Justice, and State, the Judici- United States to observe the month with ap- ary, and related agencies for the fiscal graduated the majority of black profes- propriate ceremonies and activities. sionals in the Nation. The adoption of year ending September 30, 2002, and for f this resolution will affirm the United other purposes; which was ordered to States’ support for these institutions AMENDMENTS SUBMITTED AND lie on the table; as follows: and the critical contributions of their PROPOSED On page 101, line 18, insert the following before the colon: ‘‘, of which, $13,700,000, shall alumni to our society. SA 1548. Mr. KERRY (for himself and Mr. be available to carry out the Women’s Busi- f BOND) submitted an amendment intended to ness Development Program established be proposed by him to the bill H.R. 2500, under section 29 of the Small Business Act SENATE RESOLUTION 160—DESIG- making appropriations for the Departments (15 U.S.C. 656), and shall remain available NATING THE MONTH OF OCTO- of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judici- until expended’’. BER 2001, AS ‘‘FAMILY HISTORY ary, and related agencies for the fiscal year MONTH’’ ending September 30, 2002, and for other pur- f poses; which was ordered to lie on the table. Mr. HATCH (for himself, Mr. REID, SA 1549. Mrs. FEINSTEIN (for herself, Mrs. AUTHORITY FOR COMMITTEES TO Mr. INHOFE, Mr. THURMOND, Mr. BEN- HUTCHISON, and Mrs. BOXER) submitted an MEET NETT, Mr. DODD, Mr. STEVENS, Mr. amendment intended to be proposed by her COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENTAL AFFAIRS CRAIG, Mr. GRASSLEY, Mr. CLELAND, to the bill H.R. 2500, supra; which was or- Mr. HUTCHINSON, and Mr. INOUYE) sub- dered to lie on the table. Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President, I ask mitted the following resolution; which SA 1550. Ms. COLLINS submitted an unanimous consent that the Com- was referred to the Committee on the amendment intended to be proposed by her mittee on Governmental Affairs be au- Judiciary. to the bill H.R. 2500, supra; which was or- thorized to meet on Wednesday, Sep- dered to lie on the table. S. RES. 160 tember 12, 2001, at 11:00 a.m. SH–216, for Whereas it is the family, striving for a fu- f a hearing regarding ‘‘How Secure is ture of opportunity and hope, that reflects TEXT OF AMENDMENTS Our Critical Infrastructure?’’ our Nation’s belief in community, stability, The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without and love; SA 1548. Mr. KERRY (for himself and objection, it is so ordered. Whereas the family remains an institution Mr. BOND) submitted an amendment in- of promise, reliance, and encouragement; tended to be proposed by him to the f Whereas we look to the family as an un- bill H.R. 2500, making appropriations AUTHORIZING THE USE OF THE wavering symbol of constancy that will help for the Departments of Commerce, Jus- CAPITOL ROTUNDA us discover a future of prosperity, promise, tice and State, the Judiciary, and re- and potential; lated agencies for the fiscal year end- Mr. REID. Mr. President, I ask unan- Whereas within our Nation’s libraries and ing September 30, 2002, and for other imous consent that the Senate proceed archives lie the treasured records that detail to the immediate consideration of H. the history of our Nation, our States, our purposes; which was ordered to lie on the table; as follows: Con. Res. 223, just received from the communities, and our citizens; House. Whereas individuals from across our Na- On page 102, line 3, strike the period and tion and across the world have embarked on insert: ‘‘:Provided further, That $13,700,000 The PRESIDING OFFICER. The a genealogical journey by discovering who shall be available in fiscal year 2002 to fund clerk will report the concurrent resolu- their ancestors were and how various forces grants as authorized by section 29 of the tion by title. shaped their past; Small Business Act.’’ The assistant legislative clerk read Whereas an ever-growing number in our as follows: Nation and in other nations are collecting, SA 1549. Mrs. FEINSTEIN (for her- A concurrent resolution (H. Con. Res. 223) preserving, and sharing genealogies, personal self, Mrs. HUTCHISON, and Mrs. BOXER) permitting the use of the Rotunda of the documents, and memorabilia that detail the submitted an amendment intended to Capitol for a prayer vigil in memory of those life and times of families around the world; be proposed by her to the bill H.R. 2500, who lost their lives in the events of Sep- Whereas 54,000,000 individuals belong to a tember 11, 2001. family where someone in the family has used making appropriations for the Depart- the Internet to research their family history; ments of Commerce, Justice, and There being no objection, the Senate Whereas individuals from across our Na- State, the Judiciary, and related agen- proceeded to consider the concurrent tion and across the world continue to re- cies for the fiscal year ending Sep- resolution.

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 03:22 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00059 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A12SE6.060 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 S9342 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 12, 2001 Mr. REID. Mr. President, I ask unan- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without DEPARTMENT OF STATE imous consent that the concurrent res- objection, it is so ordered. RALPH LEO BOYCE, JR., OF VIRGINIA, TO BE A CAREER olution be agreed to and the motion to f MEMBER OF THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE, CLASS OF reconsider be laid upon the table. MINISTER-COUNSELOR, TO BE AMBASSADOR EXTRAOR- PROGRAM DINARY AND PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE UNITED STATES The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without OF AMERICA TO THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA. objection, it is so ordered. Mr. REID. Mr. President, based on ROBERT W. JORDAN, OF TEXAS, TO BE AMBASSADOR EXTRAORDINARY AND PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE The concurrent resolution (H. Con. the ruling of the Chair, tomorrow UNITED STATES OF AMERICA TO THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI Res. 223) was agreed to. morning the Senate will convene at ARABIA. f 9:30 a.m., with a period for morning ROBERT V. ROYALL, OF SOUTH CAROLINA, TO BE AM- business for Senators to speak regard- BASSADOR EXTRAORDINARY AND PLENIPOTENTIARY OF UNANIMOUS CONSENT THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA TO THE UNITED RE- ing S.J. Res. 22. At 11 a.m., the Senate PUBLIC OF TANZANIA. AGREEMENT—S.J. RES. 22 will resume consideration of the Com- KEVIN E. MOLEY, OF ARIZONA, TO BE REPRESENTA- TIVE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA TO THE EURO- Mr. REID. Mr. President, I ask unan- merce-State-Justice appropriations PEAN OFFICE OF THE UNITED NATIONS, WITH THE RANK imous consent that the following be act. We hope to complete action on the OF AMBASSADOR, VICE GEORGE EDWARD MOOSE. the order of speakers on Thursday KENNETH C. BRILL, OF MARYLAND, A CAREER MEMBER Commerce-State-Justice appropria- OF THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE, CLASS OF MINISTER- morning dealing with S.J. Res. 22 tions bill early tomorrow evening. It COUNSELOR, TO BE REPRESENTATIVE OF THE UNITED which we voted on today: Senators would be a big accomplishment for us STATES OF AMERICA TO THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC OND INCOLN MITH ENERGY AGENCY, WITH THE RANK OF AMBASSADOR. B , L , S of New Hamp- to be able to do that. There will be KENNETH C. BRILL, OF MARYLAND, A CAREER MEMBER shire, STABENOW, COLLINS, GRAHAM, votes throughout the day. OF THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE, CLASS OF MINISTER- MURKOWSKI, and BYRD. COUNSELOR, TO BE REPRESENTATIVE OF THE UNITED f STATES OF AMERICA TO THE VIENNA OFFICE OF THE The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without UNITED NATIONS, WITH THE RANK OF AMBASSADOR. objection, it is so ordered. ADJOURNMENT UNTIL 9:30 A.M. TOMORROW INTER-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK f Mr. REID. Mr. President, if there is JOSE A. FOURQUET, OF NEW JERSEY, TO BE UNITED ORDERS FOR THURSDAY, no further business to come before the STATES EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OF THE INTER-AMERICAN SEPTEMBER 13, 2001 DEVELOPMENT BANK FOR A TERM OF THREE YEARS, Senate, I ask unanimous consent that VICE LAWRENCE HARRINGTON, RESIGNED. Mr. REID. Mr. President, I ask unan- the Senate stand in adjournment, imous consent that when the Senate under the provisions of S.J. Res. 22 as UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL completes its business today, it ad- a further mark of respect to the vic- DEVELOPMENT journ until the hour of 9:30 a.m. on tims of the terrorist attacks. J. EDWARD FOX, OF OHIO, TO BE AN ASSISTANT ADMIN- Thursday, September 13. I further ask ISTRATOR OF THE UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTER- There being no objection, the Senate, NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, VICE JOSEPH R. CRAPA, RE- unanimous consent that on Thursday, at 7:20 p.m., adjourned until Thursday, SIGNED. immediately following the prayer and September 13, 2001, at 9:30 a.m. E. ANNE PETERSON, OF VIRGINIA, TO BE AN ASSISTANT ADMINISTRATOR OF THE UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR the pledge, the Journal of proceedings f INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, VICE BARRY EDWARD be approved to date, the morning hour CARTER. be deemed expired, the time for the two NOMINATIONS leaders be reserved for their use later Executive nominations received by DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE in the day, and the Senate be in a pe- the Senate September 12, 2001: DUNN LAMPTON, OF MISSISSIPPI, TO BE UNITED STATES ATTORNEY FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF riod for morning business until 11 a.m., DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE MISSISSIPPI FOR THE TERM OF FOUR YEARS, VICE JOE with Senators permitted to speak with EDWARD R. MCPHERSON, OF TEXAS, TO BE CHIEF FI- BRADLEY PIGOTT, RESIGNED. respect to S.J. Res. 22 for up to 5 min- NANCIAL OFFICER, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, BENIGNO G. REYNA, OF TEXAS, TO BE DIRECTOR OF VICE SALLY THOMPSON, RESIGNED. THE UNITED STATES MARSHALS SERVICE, VICE JOHN W. utes each, with each side alternating; MARSHALL, RESIGNED. further, at 11 a.m., the Senate resume DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION JUAN CARLOS BENITEZ, OF PUERTO RICO, TO BE SPE- READ VAN DE WATER, OF NORTH CAROLINA, TO BE AN CIAL COUNSEL FOR IMMIGRATION-RELATED UNFAIR EM- consideration of the Commerce-State- ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF TRANSPORTATION, VICE PLOYMENT PRACTICES FOR A TERM OF FOUR YEARS, Justice appropriations act. FRANCISCO J. SANCHEZ, RESIGNED. VICE JOHN D. TRASVINA, TERM EXPIRING.

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 04:40 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00060 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 9801 E:\CR\FM\G12SE6.112 pfrm01 PsN: S12PT1 Wednesday, September 12, 2001 Daily Digest

HIGHLIGHTS The Senate and House passed S.J. Res. 22, expressing the sense of the Senate and House of Representatives regarding the terrorist attacks launched against the United States on September 11, 2001. The House agreed to H. Con. Res. 223, permitting the use of the rotunda of the Capitol for a prayer vigil in memory of those who lost their lives as a result of these attacks. Senate anytime on September 12, 2001 for a prayer vigil in Chamber Action memory of those who lost their lives in the events Routine Proceedings, pages S9283–S9342 of September 11, 2001. Pages S9341–42 Measures Introduced: Five bills and three resolu- Commerce, Justice, State Appropriations Act— tions were introduced, as follows: S. 1416–1419, S.J. Agreement: A unanimous-consent agreement was Res. 22, and S. Res. 159–160. Page S9337 reached providing for further consideration of H.R. Measures Reported: 2500, making appropriations for the Departments of S. 1416, to authorize appropriations for fiscal year Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and re- 2002 for military activities of the Department of lated agencies for the fiscal year ending September Defense, for military construction, and for defense 30, 2002, on Thursday, September 13, 2001. activities of the Department of Energy, to prescribe Page S9342 personnel strengths for such fiscal year for the Nominations Received: Senate received the fol- Armed Forces. (S. Rept. No. 107–62) lowing nominations: S. 1417, to authorize appropriations for fiscal year Edward R. McPherson, of Texas, to be Chief Fi- 2002 for defense activities of the Department of En- nancial Officer, Department of Agriculture. ergy. Read Van de Water, of North Carolina, to be an S. 1418, to authorize appropriations for fiscal year Assistant Secretary of Transportation. 2002 for military construction. Ralph Leo Boyce, Jr., of Virginia, to be to be a S. 1419, to authorize appropriations for fiscal year Career Member of the Senior Foreign Service, Class 2002 for military activities of the Department of of Minister-Counselor, to be Ambassador to the Re- Defense, to prescribe personnel strengths for such fis- public of Indonesia. cal year for the Armed Forces. Page S9337 Robert W. Jordan, of Texas, to be Ambassador to Measures Passed: the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Robert V. Royall, of South Carolina, to be Am- Terrorist Attack Response: By a unanimous vote bassador to the United Republic of Tanzania. of 100 yeas (Vote No. 277), Senate passed S.J. Res. Kevin E. Moley, of Arizona, to be Representative 22, expressing the sense of the Senate and the House of the United States of America to the European Of- of Representatives regarding the terrorist attacks fice of the United Nations, with the rank of Ambas- launched against the United States on September 11, sador. 2001. Pages S9284–88, S9289–S9332 Kenneth C. Brill, of Maryland, to be Representa- A unanimous-consent agreement was reached pro- tive of the United States of America to the Inter- viding for further debate on the resolution, on national Atomic Energy Agency, with the rank of Thursday, September 13, 2001. Page S9342 Ambassador. Rotunda Prayer Vigil: Senate agreed to H. Con. Kenneth C. Brill, of Maryland, to be Representa- Res. 223, to authorize the use of the Rotunda at tive of the United States of America to the Vienna D888

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 05:02 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 0627 Sfmt 0627 E:\CR\FM\D12SE1.REC pfrm04 PsN: D12SE1 September 12, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST D889 Office of the United Nations, with the rank of Am- COMMITTEE MEETINGS FOR THURSDAY, bassador. SEPTEMBER 13, 2001 Jose A. Fourquet, of New Jersey, to be United States Executive Director of the Inter-American De- (Committee meetings are open unless otherwise indicated) velopment Bank for a term of three years. Senate J. Edward Fox, of Ohio, to be an Assistant Ad- ministrator of the United States Agency for Inter- Committee on Armed Services: to hold hearings on the national Development. nomination of General Richard B. Myers, USAF, for ap- E. Anne Peterson, of Virginia, to be an Assistant pointment as the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and appointment to the grade of general, 2:30 p.m., Administrator of the United States Agency for Inter- SH–216. national Development. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation: Sub- Dunn Lampton, of Mississippi, to be United committee on Science, Technology, and Space, to hold States Attorney for the Southern District of Mis- hearings to examine digital divide issues, 2 p.m., sissippi for the term of four years. SR–253. Benigno G. Reyna, of Texas, to be Director of the Committee on Foreign Relations: to hold hearings on the United States Marshals Service. nomination of John D. Negroponte, of the District of Co- Juan Carlos Benitez, of Puerto Rico, to be Special lumbia, to be a Representative of the United States of Counsel for Immigration-Related Unfair Employ- America to the Sessions of the General Assembly of the ment Practices for a term of four years. Page S9342 United Nations during his tenure of service as Represent- ative of the United States of America to the United Na- Executive Communications: Pages S9333–37 tions and to be the Representative of the United States Messages From the House: Page S9333 of America to the United Nations in the Security Council of the United Nations, 11 a.m., SD–419. Measures Referred: Page S9333 Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions: busi- Statements on Introduced Bills: Pages S9338–40 ness meeting to consider S. 952, to provide collective bar- Additional Cosponsors: Pages S9337–38 gaining rights for public safety officers employed by States or their political subdivisions; S. 928, to amend Amendments Submitted: Page S9341 the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 to Additional Statements: Pages S9332–33 require, as a condition of receipt or use of Federal finan- cial assistance, that States waive immunity to suit for cer- Authority for Committees: Page S9341 tain violations of that Act, and to affirm the availability Record Votes: One record vote was taken today. of certain suits for injunctive relief to ensure compliance (Total—277) Page S9300 with that Act; and the nomination of Brian Jones, of California, to be General Counsel, Department of Edu- Adjournment: Senate met at 10:01 a.m. and ad- cation, 10 a.m., SD–430. journed at 7:20 p.m., until 9:30 a.m., on Thursday, Committee on the Judiciary: business meeting to consider September 13, 2001. (For Senate’s program, see the S. 754, to enhance competition for prescription drugs by remarks of the Acting Majority Leader in today’s increasing the ability of the Department of Justice and Record on page S9342.) Federal Trade Commission to enforce existing antitrust laws regarding brand name drugs and generic drugs; S. 1319/H.R. 2215, a bill to authorize appropriations for Committee Meetings the Department of Justice for fiscal year 2002; S. 1140, to amend chapter 1 of title 9, United States Code, to pro- (Committees not listed did not meet) vide for greater fairness in the arbitration process relating to motor vehicle franchise contracts; S. 1315, to make GOVERNMENT INFRASTRUCTURE improvements in title 18, United States Code, and safe- Committee on Governmental Affairs: Committee con- guard the integrity of the criminal justice system, an cluded hearings to examine the security of critical original bill, designating the week beginning September governmental infrastructure, challenges in protecting 16, 2001 as ‘‘National Historically Black Colleges and federal systems, development of analysis, and warn- Universities Week’’, and pending nominations, 10:30 ing capabilities, including the Presidential Decision a.m., SD–226. Full Committee, to hold hearings to examine the Directive 63, a strategy for protecting our nation’s nominations of Barrington D. Parker, Jr., of Connecticut, critical infrastructures from computer-bases attacks, to be United States Circuit Judge for the Second Circuit, after receiving testimony from Roberta L. Gross, In- Laurie Smith Camp, to be United States District Judge spector General, National Aeronautics and Space Ad- for the District of Nebraska, Michael P. Mills, to be ministration; and Joel C. Willemssen, Managing Di- United States District Judge for the Northern District of rector, Information Technology Issues, General Ac- Mississippi, and John W. Gillis, of California, to be Di- counting Office. rector of the Office of Victims of Crime, 2 p.m., SD–226.

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 05:02 Sep 13, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 0627 Sfmt 0627 E:\CR\FM\D12SE1.REC pfrm04 PsN: D12SE1 D890 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST September 12, 2001

Next Meeting of the SENATE 9:30 a.m., Thursday, September 13

Senate Chamber Program for Thursday: After the recognition of eight Senators for speeches and the transaction of any routine morning business (not to extend beyond 11 a.m.), Senate will resume consideration of H.R. 2500, Commerce, Jus- tice, State Appropriations Act.

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