Subject Index

A – labile subunit 3741 – bronchiolitis abdominal – lipase deficiency 522 – wheezing 2181, 2182, 2184 – distention 1825, 1865 acid-base disturbance 298 – cerebellar 3423 – flatulence 1825 acidemia 298 – chest syndrome (ACS) 2155, 2172, 3011, – malformation 98 acidosis 295, 298, 2491, 2886, 3781 3019 – prenatal diagnosis 98 – distal renal tubular 2843 – confusional migraine 3415, 3582 – mass 3165 – fluid 474 – diarrhea 1755 – migraine 1761, 1172, 1836, 3538 acne 1447 – effects of probiotics 1888 – pain 1757, 1760, 1825, 2764 – antibiotics 1458 – disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) – paracentesis 2058 – azelaic acid 1458 1223, 1224, 2554, 3277, 3410, 3543, 3548 – trauma 672 – benzoyl-peroxide 1458 – multiphasic 3545 – wall anomaly 4006 – comedonal 1453 – pseudorelapsing 3545 – wall defect 3996 – conglobata 1454 – recurrent 3545 abducent nerve (CN VI) 3457 – infantum 1448, 1454 – dysautonomia variant 3480 aberrant airflow 2189 – inversa, see hidradenitis suppurativa – endocarditis 809 abetalipoproteinemia 3429, 3484 – keloidalis 1504 – focal bacterial nephritis 2888 abnormal – miliaris 1448 – gastroenteritis 1847 – atrioventricular conduction 2384 – neonatorum 1429 – feeding 1858 – cilia 2226 – papulo-pustular 1453 – hematogenous osteomyelitis (AHO) 791 – hypothalamic-pituitary development 344 – retinoid 1456 – hemolytic anemia 2977 – red reflex 391 – scarring 1448, 1463 – hemorrhagic leukoencephalomyelitis ABO incompatibility 364 – triad 1505 3411 abortive poliomyelitis 1243 – vulgaris 1453 – hepatic failure 1134, 1140, 1142 absence 3416 acquaporin 2 (AQP2) 290 – hepatitis 1136, 1142, 2076 absolute acquired – inflammatory demyelinating – alcohol 2597 – aplastic anemia 3092 polyradiculoneuropathy 3479 – lymphocyte count (ALC) 1299 – coagulant factor deficiency 3105 – intermittent porphyria (AIP) 562 absorptive hypercalcemia 3623 – facial paralysis 3460 – ischemic stroke 3559, 3564 abusive head trauma 671 – immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) – kidney 2701, 2907, 2908 acanthocytosis 2990 847, 1193, 3418 – liver failure 2095 Acanthosis nigricans 2087 – neutropenia 3081 – lung injury 2141 accelerated – platelet disorders 3074 – lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) 3169, 3193 – atherosclerosis 2401 acrocyanosis 1427, 2257, 2258 – lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) 67, 68 – idioventricular rhythm (AIVR) 2393 acrodermatitis – motor axonal neuropathy 3479–3481 – junctional rhythm 2392 – enteropathica 710, 1438, 1875 – myelogenous leukemia (AML) 3163 access 2931, 2932 – papulovesicular exanthema 883 – necrotizing 1203, 3410 accessory navicular 3941 acroparesthesia 532 – necrotizing gingivitis (ANG) 1731 accommodative esotropia 3975 ACTH insensitivity 3684, 3686 – necrotizing hemorrhagic acephalgic migraine of childhood 3583 actigraphy 3367 leukoencephalitis 3543 aceruloplasminemia 3433 Actinobacillus actinomycetem comitans 1733 – otitis media (AOM) 863, 865 acetaminophen 2593 actinomyces bovis 1087 – painful event 3008 – hepatotoxicity 2593 actinomycosis 1087, 1735 – pancreatitis 1931 – overdose 2095, 2099 – abdominal 1088 – peritoneal dialysis 2915 acetylcholine 3493 – cervicofacial 1088 – promyelocytic leukemia (APL) 2996 – receptors 3493, 34949 – of the CNS 1089 – pseudomembranous candidiasis (thrush) acetylsalicylic acid 2625 – pelvic 1088 1736 achalasia 1750, 1775 – thoracic 1088 – renal failure 2800, 2907, 2911 Achilles tendon 1603 action tremor 3354 – replacement therapy 2915 – xanthoma 3432 activated partial thromboplastin time 3136 – respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) Achilles tenotomy 3940 activator protein deficiency 535, 544 1027, 1201, 1214, 2141, 2165, 2231, 2497, achondroplasia 33, 34, 1744, 2221, 2223 acupuncture 3892 2520, 2528, 2916 acid acute – respiratory failure 2519 – ceramidase deficiency 523 – airway obstruction 2195 – rheumatic fever (ARF) 3347 4110 Subject Index

– sensory neuropathy of childhood 3480 Aedes allergic – streptococcal gingivostomatitis 1732 – aegypti 1131 – conjunctivitis 1369 – suppurative osteomyelitis 1740 – albopictus 1131 – contact dermatitis 1436, 1467 – toxic encephalopathy 3410 aerobic metabolism 217 – 1347 – tubulointerstitial nephritis (ATIN) 2879 aeromonas 1754, 1852 – eosinophilic disease of the esophagus – tumor lysis syndrome (ATLS) 3203 African tick-bite fever 1025 1399 – urticaria 1405, 1406 African trypanosomiasis 3413 – granulomatosis 1691 acyclovir 327, 333, 857, 904, 909 agammaglobulinemia 1268 – ocular disease 3975 acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency 484 aganglionosis 4018 – rhinitis 1361, 3962 acylcarnitine 477 agenesis of the corpus callosum 3282 – allergen avoidance 1365 adalimumab 1910 Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) 578 – pharmacologic agents 1367 Addison’s disease 1771, 2848, 3683, 3687–3689 agonal breathing 3385 1347 adefovir 916 agranulocytosis 654 – allergic triad 1348 – dipivoxil 2080 agyria–pachygyria complex 3286 – controller therapy 1355 adenoameloblastoma 1739 Aicardi–Goutieres syndrome 3408 – environmental triggers 1351 adenoid disease 2195 air – hypersensitivity 1347 adenosine 283, 284 – bronchogram 252 – type I 1347 – diphosphate 3072 – embolism 739 – type II 1347 – triphosphate (ATP) 967, 2101, 2225, 2497 – trapping 214, 2189 – type III 1348 adenotonsillar hypertrophy 2221–2224 AIRE 1322 – type IV 1348 adenotonsillectomy 2223 airleak syndrome 206, 229, 251 – management 1354 adenotonsillitis 2195 airway – oral immunotherapy 1358 adenovirus 2539 – and breathing 126 – pollen-induced 1367 – infection 884 – compression 2189, 2192 – reliever therapy 1356 ADH secretion 296 – hyperresponsiveness 1377 – subcutaneous immunotherapy 1356 – hypovolemia-induced 296 – obstruction 2142, 2190, 2191, 2211 – sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) 1358 adhalinopathy 3526 – resistance 2133, 2189 – testing 1352 adherence to medical regimens 593 – sound 2131 Allgrove syndrome 3686 adiponectin 2087 – suctioning 126 allodynia 609, 1625 adiposity 718 akathisia 3346 allogeneic HSCT 3180, 3181 adipsic disorder 3732 AKI 2921, 2922 allograft adolescence akinetic-mutism 3380 – patch arterioplasty 2376 – active military service 3898 ALAD (5-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase) – vasculopathy 2472 – gynecology 3839 deficiency porphyria 561 alloimmune hemolytic disease 425 – health care 3885 ALADIN syndrome 3686 allopurinol 76, 2873 – male health 3855 Alagille syndrome 1994, 1995, 2263, 2333, alopecia 1490, 1631 – normal development 3821 2335, 3233 – areata 1499, 1512 – nutrient needs 3830 alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 1963, 2593 – cicatricial 1503 – nutrition and weight control 3829 Albers-Scho¨nberg disease 1744 – nonscarring 1491 – psychosocial development 3823 albinism 1523 – scarring 1490 – sexuality development 3825 Albright’s hereditary osteodystrophy 3617 – totalis 1500 adolescent iron deficiency anemia 2966 albumin 1974, 3046 – triangularis 1491 adrenal albuminuria 2714 – universalis 1501 – disorder 3675 alcohol 2597, 3822, 3871 Alpers–Huttenlocher syndrome 2104, 3407, – hypoplasia congenita 3685 – dehydrogenase 2598 3408 – incidentaloma 3710 – toxicity 2599 alpha-1-antitrypsin 1891, 1894 – insufficiency 263, 343, 3683, 3687 Alder-Reilly anomaly 3083 – deficiency 2003 – steroidogenesis 3665 aldolase – diagnosis of liver disease 2004 adrenalectomy 3668 – B gene 2021 alpha-fetoprotein 2794 adrenocortical – deficiency 2983 alphavirus 1259 – carcinoma 3700, 3708 aldosterone 1865, 1867, 2654, 3675–3681, 3685, Alport syndrome 2708, 2709, 2757, – steroidogenesis 3676 3688, 3690, 3691, 3693–3697, 3699, 3700 2806, 2942 adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) 493, – deficiency 341, 2848 Alstrom syndrome 772 1624, 2578, 3609, 3806 – receptor 2840 altered potassium metabolism 2663 adrenogenital syndrome 2848 3407 alveolar echinococcosis 1091, 1094 adrenoleukodystrophy 345, 3414, 3550, alkali 1778 Alzheimer’s disease 62 3684–3687 alkaline phosphatase 1973, 3613 amantadine 914 adrenomyeloneuropathy 3434 alkalosis 298, 1865 amaurosis fugax 112 advanced sleep phase syndrome (ASPS) 3370 alkylating agent 2803, 3169 ambiguous genitals 3649, 3698 Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) allele 13 amblyopia 598, 3973 study 678 allergen immunotherapy 1369, 1386 amebiasis 1075 Subject Index 4111 amebic Andersen–Tawil syndrome 3532, 3533 antibiotic – colitis 1075 andmyringotomy 869 – lock therapy (ALT) 836 – dysentery 1076 androgen 3675–3677, 3679, 3680, 3682, – 4088 – liver abscess 1076 3690–3696, 3698 antibody ameboma 1076 – excess syndrome 3848 – against b2 glycoprotein I 1641 ameloblastic – insensitivity 3660, 3847 – deficiency 1329 – fibroma 1739 – resistance 3660 antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity – odontoma 1739 androstenedione 341 (ADCC) 1269 ameloblastoma 1739 anemia 359, 399, 962, 965, 2949–2955 anticardiolipin antibodies 1641, 1645 amenorrhea 3847 – hypoplastic 360 anticholinergics 1368 American dog tick 1025 – iron deficiency 361, 2965 anticholinesterase 2611 American Heart Association (AHA) 810 – of prematurity 360 anticoagulant protein 3131 American leishmaniasis 1101 anencephaly 95, 3281 anticoagulation 2062, 3101 amidorone 284 anetoderma of prematurity 1434 – therapy 1646 737 aneupliody 45, 397 1413 – disorder 463 angel’s kiss 141, 1555 antidepressant 2601 – metabolism disorder 451 Angelman syndrome 22, 66, 615, 3425 antidiuretic hormone (ADH) 2515 amino acidemia 492 angioedema 78, 1409, 1410 – cyclic 2601 aminoaciduria 2865, 3268 angioplasty 1696 antidote 2590 aminoglycoside 79, 889, 896 angiotensin antidromic AV reciprocating tachycardia 282 aminolevulinic acid (ALA) 562 – converting enzyme (ACE) 1718, antiepileptic medication 4085 aminopenicillin 893 2439, 2760 antifungal aminophospholipid translocase 3068 – inhibitor (ACEI) 112, 2720, – agent 809 aminosalicylate 1905 2736, 2770 – chemotherapy 1064 aminotransferase 1136–1138, 1141, 1973, 2052 – receptor blocker (ARB) 2720, 2736 – medication 4098 ammonia 463, 1974 anhedonia 638 antigenemia assay 1151 ammonium secretion 2693 anicteric cholestasis 1964 antihistamine 1367, 1368, 1406 amniocentesis 94, 400, 1432 animal – receptor antagonist 1790 amniotic fluid – bite 781 antileukotriene 1355 – index (AFI) 100 – protein 2872 antimetabolite 3169 – volume 399 anion gap 299, 3843, 3849, 3850 antimicrobial therapy 964–966 amoxicillin 138, 867 – metabolic acidosis 2674, 2675 antioxidant enzyme 217 amphotericin aniridia 3980 antiphospholipid – B 835, 852 anisocytosis 2958, 3034 – antibodies (APA) 1641–1645, 3146 – deoxycholate B 1065 ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) 3488, 3597, 3918 – syndrome (APS) 1634, 2776, 3108 ampicillin 338 ankylosing – nephropathy 2774 Amplatzer – spondylitis 1601, 1602, 1604, antipseudomonal carbapenem 839 – duct occluder 2368 1605, 1907 antireflux 2893 – septal occluder 2297 – tarsitis 1603–1605 antistreptolysin o (ASO) assay 2747 amyelomeningocele 2178 annular pancreas 1926 antithymocyte globulin 3095 amygdala 3327 Anopheles mosquito 1110, 1104 antitrypsin deficiency alpha-1 1997 amylo-1,6-glucosidase deficiency 2027 anorectal antivenom crotalidae polyvalent (ACP) 2635 amyloidosis 1705, 1721, 2806, 2825 – disease 1088 antiviral agent 903, 1203–1206, 4100 amylopectinosis smylo-1,4-1,6- – fistula 4022 – active against hepatitis B virus 916 Transglucosidase enzyme deficiency 2028 – malformation 4022 – active against respiratory viruses 913 ANA positive polyarthritis 1589 anorexia 1897, 4034 Antley-Bixler syndrome 3687 anagen effluvium 1503 – nervosa 3627, 3832 anuria 2908, 2911, 2914 anal anosmia 606 anxiety disorder 644, 660, 3275, 3867 – canal 1815 anoxia 2005 aorta coarctation 2290 – fissure 1945 antacid 3359 aortic – position index (API) 145 antecubital fossa atopic dermatitis – arch obstruction 2344 analgesia 409 1442 – clicks 2281 anaphylaxis 1353, 1399, 1409, 1410 antegrade colonic enema 4024 – coarctation 2375 – allergens 1409, 1410 antepartum fetal assessment 91 – root dilation 2268 – in children 1409, 1410 anterior horn cell disease 3463 – size index (ASI) 2271 – to vaccines 1417 anterior uveitis 1606, 3983 – stenosis 2277, 2287, 2432 anaplastic anthracycline 3171, 3258 – valve – lymphoma kinase (ALK) 3228 anti-GQ1b 3480 – closure 2280 – oligoastrocytoma 3221 anti-GT1a 3480 – disease 2451 anasarca 2799 Anti-Mu¨llerian hormone 3650 – insufficiency 2339, 2341, 2342 Anclyostoma duodenale 1077 antibacterial therapy 887 – stenosis 2335, 2340–2343 4112 Subject Index

aortitis 1032 artery of Adamkievicz 415 – sputum induction 1377 APA syndrome 3151 arthralgia 1533, 1583, 1903, 2429 – trigger avoidance 1380 APECED 1307 arthritis 962, 1583, 1603 – vaccinations 1381 Apert syndrome 1744 – enthesitis-related 1590, 1606 astomia 2176 apertognathia 1743 – hepatitis C-related 1612 astrocytoma 3220 Apgar score 125, 180 – non-septic 3012 astrocytosis 380 aphasia 624 – oligoarticular 1593 astrovirus 1849 aphthous – post-streptococcal 1611 asymmetric tonic neck reflex (ATNR) 3268 – stomatitis 1907 – psoriatic 1590 ataxia 2034, 3421 – ulcer 1736, 1909 – reactive 1611 – autosomal recessive 3425 apidae 1415 – systemic 1594, 1596 – episodic 3441 aplasia cutis congenita 1491 – undifferentiated 1590 – polymerase gamma 3430 aplastic – varicella-associated 1612 – spinocerebellar 3435 – anemia 373, 2950 – viral 1612 – telangiectasia 1315, 1322, 1331, 3162, – event 3007 arthritis-dermatitis syndrome 1013 3193, 3430, 3450 apnea 125, 2216 arthrogryposis 210, 3506 – toxic causes 3423 – of prematurity (AOP) 198 – multiplex congenita 397, 3304, 3467 – with oculomotor apraxia 3428 apneahypopnea index (AHI) 3375 arthropathy-coxa varapericarditis syndrome – with vitamin E deficiency 3429 apneustic (CAPS) 1584 ataxia-telangiectasia-like disorder 3431 – breathing 3385 arthroscopic synovectomy 1595 ataxiaoculomotor apraxia syndrome 3450 – center 197 ascariasis 1074, 1077 ataxic breathing 3385 apophyseal 3945 Ascaris lumbricoides 1077 atelectasis 203, 2520 apparent ascites 1891, 1892, 1967, 1193, 2049, 2055, 2067 atelectrauma 230, 245, 254, 2531 – life-threatening event (ALTE) 2215 aseptic meningitis 854, 1243 Athabascan brainstem dysgenesis – mineralocorticoid excess (AME) 2665, Ash-leaf macules 1521, 1522 syndrome 3458 2678, 2681 asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASPGR) 2084 atherosclerosis 2433 appendicitis 4033 ASO assay 1048 atherosclerotic coronary artery disease 2399 applied behavior analysis (ABA) 661 aspartate aminotransferase (ALT) 369, 1973, athetosis 3341 apraxia of speech 624 1963 athlete’s aquaporin 2853 aspartylglucosaminuria 527 – foot 1545 arachidonic acid (AA) 709 Asperger’s disorder 657–659, 3275 – heart 2385, 2401 arachnodactyly 26, 498 aspergillosis 1062, 1067, 1721, 1854 atlantoaxial rotary subluxation 3923 Archibald sign 3617 Aspergillus 807, 1061, 2539 atomoxetine 621 arcoglycanopathy 3524 – flavus 1062 atopic Arenaviridae 2540 – fumigatos 1062 – dermatitis 1391–1394, 1441, 1579 arenavirus 1129 asphyxia 121, 2257, 3309 – allergens 1391–1393 arginine vasopressin (AVP) 2653 – 285 – antipruritic medication 1393 argininosuccinic acid synthetase 464 – metabolic changes 122 – disease 1348, 1350 Arima syndrome 3425 – pathophysiology 121 – march 1350, 1363 aripiprazole 654, 661 asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy 210 atopy skin patch testing 1400 Arnold–Chiari malformation 3282, 3345, 3918 aspiration pneumonia 1775 atresia 303, 3989, 3990, 3993–3996 arousal 3380 aspirin 1680, 3072 atrial array comparative genomic hybridization 50 asplenia syndrome 2322 – 2443, 2450 – interpretation 54 assisted ventilation 126, 238 – ectopic tachycardia (AET) 283, 2390 – technical issues 52 association 25 – flutter 2392 arrhythmia 282, 739, 2383, 2391, 2436 – MURCS 25 – septal defect (ASD) 2261, 2295, 2356, arterial – VACTERL 25 2373, 2443 – blood gas (ABG) 2143, 2587 astasia-abasia 3277 – closure 2369 – catheterization 412 asterixis 2052, 3411 – switch 2318 – ischemic stroke 3565 asthma 6, 773, 1363, 1371–1387, 2143 – tachycardia (AT) 282 – oxygen saturation nomogram 218 – atopy 1372–1374, 1378, 1380, 1386 atrichia 1492 – pH 2672–2674 – clinical manifestations 1376 atrioventricular (AV) – pressure 264 – controller medication 1355 – block 2384 – measurement 265 – environmental control 1380, 1386, 1387 – canal defect 97, 2380 – thrombosis 1643 – helium oxygen gas mixture 2534 – ultrasound images 97 arteriohepatic dysplasia 1994 – infections 1372–1374, 1378, 1381, 1386 – nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT) arteriovenous – management of the wheezing infant 282, 2390 – anastomosis 2066 2189–2192 – node 282, 2383 – fistula (AVF) 2932 – obesity 1372, 1381 – reentry tachycardia (AVRT) 282 – graft (AVG) 2932 – pulmonary function testing 1376 – septal defect (AVSD) 2261, 2297, – malformation 3591, 4062 – self-management 1381 2301, 2445 Subject Index 4113 atrophic candidiasis 1736 – forms of CMT 3482, 3484, 3486 – meal 1787 atropine 2491 – inheritance 14 – studies 1956 attachment disorder 635 – polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) 2815, Barlow test 144 attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 2817, 2921, 2943 barotrauma 2522, 2531 (ADHD) 3274 autosplenectomy 3007 Barr body 16 – inattentive type 3868 avascular necrosis (AVN) 3013, 3260 Barrett esophagus 1777 – medication 4084 axillary temperature 188 Barrett’s mucosa 1787 – nonstimulant 621 axonotmesis 3471 barrier methods of contraception 3843 – pharmacotherapy 619 azathioprine 2085, 2782, 3500 Bart’s hemoglobin 399 – stimulant medications 620 azelaic acid 1458 Barth syndrome 376 atypical mellitus 3763 azoles 1065 Bartonella henselae 814 auditory brainstem response (ABR) 604 azotemia 735, 2746, 2747, 2770 Bartter syndrome 299, 1866, 2665, 2678–2681, – testing 147 aztreonam 899 2684, 2693, 2836, 2838, 2912, 3616 Auerbach’s plexus 1812 basal ganglia 2033, 2034, 2036, 3341 auscultation 2278, 2279, 2306 B basidiobolomycosis 1062 Auspitz’ phenomenon 1478 B-cell basophilia 3082 Austin disease 531, 540, 543, 547 – defects of unknown etiology 1293 Battelle Developmental Inventory 433 autism 578, 3271, 3284, 3459 – development 1268 Batten–Spielmeyer–Vogt presentation 3414 – Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule – antigen-dependent 1269 battered-child syndrome 665 (ADOS) 658 – antigen-independent 1268 Battle’s sign 3386, 3569 – spectrum disorder (ASD) 437, 623, 645, – differentiation 1288 Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler 647, 651, 657 – late defects 1288 Development III 433 autoantibodies 1649, 1650 – linker protein 1285 Beau’s line 1511 autoimmune – lymphoma 3204 Becker disease 3532 – adrenalitis 3688 – receptor 1268 Becker (BMD) 18, 2245, – disease 286 – response 1271 2265, 3453, 3510 – enteropathy 1863, 1876 – T-cell-dependent 1271 Becker’s nevus 1520, 1569 – hemolytic anemia (AIHA) 1643, 1644, – T-independent 1271 Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome 66, 67, 172, 2746, 2969 B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) 273, 2165 348, 726, 2176, 3162, 3233, 3295, 3808, – hepatitis 2083, 2085, 2096, 2099 bacillemia 1054 3809, 4007 – liver disease 2083 Bacillus Calmette-Gue´rin (BCG) vaccine bedwetting 3372 – lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) 500, 929 Beery Visual Motor Integration (VMI) test 433 1310, 1618, 2969 back pain 3924 Beevor sign 3527 – neutropenia 3081 bacteremia 807, 855, 989, 1032, 1039 behavior management techniques 586 – polyendocrinopathy candidiasis- – streptococcal 1047 Behcet disease 817, 1584, 1713 ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) bacteria 3911 Bell phenomenon 3458, 3460 1618, 1619 bacterial Bell’s Palsy 3460, 3461 – regulator (AIRE) protein 1307 – endocarditis 2431 Bence-Jones protein 2711 – sclerosing cholangitis (ASC) 2086 – gastroenteritis 1850 Benedict test 2019 – thrombocytopenia 371 – infection 814 benign – thyroiditis 1405 – meningitis 852, 857, 1012, 3589 – with centrotemporal spikes autoinflammatory disease 1583, – sepsis 783 (BECTS) 3329 1701, 1722 – tracheitis 2197, 2548 – familial neonatal convulsion 3316, 3319, autologous HSCT 3181 bacteriuria 841, 2699 3320 automated Bacteroides fragilis 2112, 2538 – fructosuria 2021 – external defibrillator (AED) 2485, 2493 Baker’s cyst 3947 – of infancy 3353, 3356 – heel lancing device 410 Ballantyne’s syndrome 399 – neonatal sleep myoclonus 3355 – peritoneal dialysis (APD) 2930 ballism 3341, 3346 – nocturnal myoclonus 3353 autonomic dysreflexia 3600 balloon – paroxysmal torticollis 3356 autonomous ovarian follicular – angioplasty 2368 – paroxysmal vertigo of childhood 3582 cyst 3640 – atrial septostomy (BAS) 2318, benzathine penicillin 893 autoregulation 265 2367, 2372 benzoyl-peroxide 1458 autosomal-dominant – neuron 3283 bereavement 690 – inheritance 13 – pulmonary valvuloplasty 2334, 2372 Berger disease 2805 – polycystic kidney disease 2013 – valvuloplasty 2341, 2367, 2451 beriberi 745 autosomal-recessive bamboo hair 1494 – aphonic form 746 – agammaglobulinemia 1286 Bannwarth syndrome 1002 Bernard–Soulier syndrome 373, 3070, 3076, – ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay 3431 Bardet–Biedl syndrome 772, 2921 3107 – cerebellar ataxia bare lymphocytic syndrome 1334 beta globin 5 – type 1 (ARCA 1) 3431 barium betalactam 1413 – type 2 (ARCA 1) 3432 – enema 1948 beta-lactamase-resistant penicillin 893 4114 Subject Index

Bethesda assay 3121 bisphosphonate 3628 1795 biventricular hypertrophy 2320 – age 3741–3744, 3747–3750, 3754 bicarbonate 1865, 3781 bladder – cyst 1092 Bickerstaff encephalitis 3422 – cancer 1117, 1121, 1124 – infection 791 bicuspid aortic valve 2340, 2451 – catheterization 424 bone marrow bidirectional Glenn shunt (BDG) 2350 – dilatation 1843 – aspirations (BMA) 3187 bifidobacteria 703 – pheochromocytoma 3711 – failure syndrome 363, 372, 3091 bilateral blade septostomy 2367 – harvest 3179 – choanal atresia 2175 Blalock–Taussig shunt 2349, 2377, 2378 – hyperactivity 2067 – facial weakness 3301 Blaschko’s line 1483 – hyperplasia 3013 – parasagittal parieto-occipital Blau syndrome 1708, 1717 – hypoplasia 1930 polymicrogyria 3289 bleeding 1955, 1956, 3102, 3115 – infiltration 362 bile – time 3137 – transplantation (BMT) 515, 550, 2236, – acid 1963 blenorrhegica keratosis of Rieter’s disease 881 3095, 3195 – deficiency 1877 blepharophimosis 3531 – pulmonary complications 2235 – inborn errors 1999 blepharospasm 3531 boot-shaped heart 2314 – metabolism 1999 blind loop syndrome 749 borborygmi 1841 – duct 1959 blindness 3370 Bordet–Gengou agar 1017 – disorder 1990 blistering dactylitis 1513 Bordetella – plug syndrome 1993 blood – bronchoseptica 1017 – salt export pump (BSEP) 1998 – gas 298 – hinzii 1017 bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) – analysis 2134 – homesii 1017 2145, 3514 – ketone testing 3776 – parapertussis 1017 biliary – loss – pertussis 945, 1017, 2204, 2538 – atresia 1963, 1989, 1990, 2120 – feto-maternal 360 – petrii 1017 – canaliculi 1959 – placental 359 – trematum 1017 – cirrhosis 1991, 2049 – pressure 2724, 2729 Bornholm disease 1232 – disorder 1932 – ambulatory monitoring 2731 Borrelia burgdorferi 854, 1001, 3477 – ductular system 1959 – product 3045, 3047 Bosley–Salih–Alorainy (BSAS) syndrome – ectasia 2818 – packed red blood cell 3045 3457, 3458 – pseudolithiasis 1982 – platelets 3045 botryoides 3241 – system 1979 – whole blood 3045 botryomycosis 1087 bilirubin 148, 313, 357, 428, 1963 – smear 2949, 2952, 2953, 2955 botulinum toxin 3917 – albumin-bound 318 – stream infection 2560 botulism 995, 2555 – encephalopathy 425 – transfusion 476, 3041 Boutonnese fever 1025 – glucuronyl transferase 314 – autologous donation 3042 bowel–liver transplantation 1917 – inherited deficient conjugation 2007 – chronic transfusions 3052 Bowman’s capsule 2758, 2789, 2796 – overproduction 313 – compatibility 3044 boxer’s fracture 3929 biochemical marker 273 – directed donation 3043 brachial plexus biological agents 1413 – donor screening 3042 – injury (BPI) 168, 171, 3300, biomarker 2912, 2913 – exchange transfusion 3052 3604, 3927 biophysical profile 100, 101 – infectious complications 3048 – neuritis 3473 biopterin-dependent hyperphenylalaninemia – massive transfusion 3051 – palsy 3267, 3471 494 – non-infectious complications 3048 brachydactyly 1596 biotin deficiency 485 – product preparation 3047 brachygnathia 1743 biotinidase deficiency 486, 501, 3403 – refusing blood products 3055 bradyarrhythmia 398, 2448 bipedal reflex 3270 bloody diarrhea 1879 bradycardia 131, 198, 255, 284, 2387, bipolar bloody stool 1755 2491, 3385 – depression 3866 Bloom syndrome 3162, 3193, 3233 bradygastria 1832 – disorder 641, 3273 Blount’s disease 774, 3906 Bragg peak 3175 bipotential gonad 3649 blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome 4063 brain 2033–2036 birth body – abscess 869, 3591 – control 3843 – surface area burned (BSAB) 2517 – brain auditory evoked responses – defects, surveillance system 26 – temperature 188 (BAER) 3521 – weight 1817 – high temperature 192 – death 3380, 3396 birth-related injury 159 – low temperature 191 – development 580 – face and neck 162 – water 289 – edema 464 – risk factors 161 Body Mass Index (BMI) 712, 769, 3833 – herniation 3391, 3563 – skin 161 – z-score 712 – injury 152 – statistics 160 Bohn nodules 144, 1739 – bilirubin-induced 184 birthmark 141, 1517, 1568 bolus feeding 730 – in the preterm infant 379 Subject Index 4115

– maturation 185 bruxism 3374 cancer 2434, 2436, 2440 – metastasis 3173 bubble hair 1495 – chemotherapy 3169, 3257 – parenchyma bubbly bottle 224 – cardiopulmonary effects 3258 – encephalitis-induced destruction bucket handle fracture 669 – dental late effects 3261 3307 Budd–Chiari syndrome 2057, 2061, 2065–2067, – genitourinary late effects 3260 – tumor 3217, 3590 2096, 2099, 2109, 2991 – musculoskeletal late effects 3260 brain-natriuretric protein (BNP) 2462 bulbar poliomyelitis 3465 – sensory late effects 3261 brainstem bulimia nervosa 3832 – diagnostic 63 – dysfunction 3282 bulla repens 1513 – genetics 6, 66 – glioma 3220 bulli 881 – in developing nations 3161 – reflex 3298 bullous impetigo 668, 1527 – infections 3189 branch pulmonary artery stenosis 2334–2336, bullying 3877 – nutrition 3188 2343 bumble bee 1415 – oncologic emergencies 3188 branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) 465 bundle – predisposition syndromes 6 – aminoacidemia 451, 464 – branch block 2385 – psychosocial support 3190 branchial cleft cyst 4048 – of His 2383 – rehabilitation 3190 branchio-oto-renal syndrome 2921 Bunyaviridae 2540, 2542 – transfusion therapy 3188 BRCA1/BRCA2 gene 62 – hemorrhagic fever 1130 – treatment in childhood 2436 breakthrough disease 1188 buphthalmos 3981 Candida 337, 2539 breast thermal 2581 buprenorphine 403 – albicans 1062, 1509, 1735, 1737, 2122 breastfeeding 149, 181, 701, 1856 Burkholderia cepacia 2538 – bacteremia 740 – contraindications 703 Burkitt lymphoma 1164, 1741, 3203, 3204, – dermatitis 486 – jaundice 315 3165 – diaper dermatitis 1437 Brill-Zinser disease 1028 in children 2575 – glabrata 1062 Broca’s area 624 – fluid resuscitation 2577 – infections 842 bronchiectasis 2150, 2225, 2227 – metabolic changes 2578 – krusei 1065 bronchiolitis 1246, 2181, 2190, 2549, 2550 – nutritional support 2578 – parapsilosis 1062 – acute 2181 – reconstruction 2579 – peritonitis 453 – obliterans 2235, 3183 – management 2578 – species 452 – with organizing pneumonia (BOOP) butyrate level 725 – tropicales 1062 849, 2236 Byler syndrome 1984, 1998 candidemia 1062, 1067 bronchitis 2155 Byler’s bile 1998 candidiasis 338, 1061, 1437, 1854 broncho-esophageal fistula 2069 – atrophic 1736 bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) 2235 C – mucocutaneous 1338, 1736 bronchogenic cyst 4040 C-reactive protein (CRP) 1585 – neonatal 1067 bronchopleural fistula 247 Cafe´-au-lait macule 1517, 1518, 1569 – oral 1736 bronchopneumonia 1006 calcaneal apophysitis 3940 canine scabies 1550 bronchopulmonary calcaneovalgus foot 3941 Cantrell’s pentalogy 4003 – dysplasia (BPD) 196, 213, 220, 247, 254, calcification 1092–1094 cap disease 3506 2199, 2419, 2435 calcineurin 2472 capillary – malformation 3991 calcinosis 1649–1654 – heelstick blood sampling 410 – sequestration 4040 – cutis 1434 – hemangiomas 141, 4061 bronchoscopy 2138 calciopenic rickets 757, 760, 761 – leak bronchospasm 2520 calcitonin 3612 – pulmonary edema 2163, 2165–2168 Bronchotron 245 calcium 2492, 2872, 3613 – syndrome 1132 bronze baby syndrome 1435 – calcium channel disease 3532 – refill 265 brown dog tick 1025 – deficiency 3619 – system 2128 Brucella 961–966 – homeostasis disorder 3611 Caput – abortus 961 – metabolism 3611 – medusae 1968, 2052 – arthritis 962 calcium-release activation channel (CRAC) – succedaneum 163, 1433 – melitensis 961 1302 carbamyl phosphate synthetase (CPS) 463 – suis 961 Caliciviridae 1253 carbapenem 898 brucellosis 794, 961–966, 3461 calicivirus 1255 carbohydrate 708, 735 – Middle East 961 – gastroenteritis 1255 – absorption 305 Bruch’s membrane 1487 calpainopathy 3524, 3526 – digestion 305 Brudzinski sign 855 calveolinoapthy 3525 – intolerance 1875 Brugada syndrome 2395, 2403 camptodactyly 3305, 3927 – metabolism 1961 667 Campylobacter 1286, 1792 carbonic anhydrase (CA) II deficiency 557 Bruton’s – jejuni 3479, 3480 carbonyl compound 218 – agammaglobulinemia 667, 1616 canal of Hering 1959 carboxypenicillin 893 – tyrosine kinase (Btk) 1285, 1616 Canavan disease 3406 carbuncle 1038, 1528 4116 Subject Index

carcinoid 1952 caries 1730 central neurogenic hyperventilation 3385 carcinoma of the colon 1951 carnitine 737 central precocious puberty 3632, 3636–3642, cardiac – palmitoyl transferase 3535 3644 – anomaly face syndrome 2262 – deficiency 3537 central sleep apnea 3376 – arrhythmia 398 Caroli disease 1994, 2015, 2819 central venous catheter (CVC) 833, 1043 – autonomic neuropathy 2433 carotid intimal-medial thickness (cIMT) 2730 central venous pressure (CVP) 2504 – catheterization 2349, 2461 carpal centromere 10 – computed tomography 2362 – fracture 3931 centronuclear myopathy 3507 – angiography 2362 – tunnel syndrome (CTS) 3475, 3488 cephalization index 3295 – disease 3428 carrier testing 62, 68 cephalohematoma 164, 1433, 3575 – disorder 2156 cartilage-hair syndrome 1316 cephalosporin 894 – embryology 2251 cat-scratch disease 814 Cercariae 1118, 1119, 1122, 1124, 1126 – magnetic resonance imaging 2363 cataplexy 3371 cerebellar ataxia 3421 – murmur 2275 cataract 391, 504, 2018, 3982 cerebellitis 3423 – output 264 catathrenia 3373 cerebral – measurement 266 catatonia 3380 – blood flow 265 – physical examination 2278 catecholamine 3804 – edema 2098, 2516, 3779–3782 – resynchronization therapy 2463 catecholaminergic ventricular tachycardia 2404 – folate deficiency 3425 – rhythm disorder 2247, 2383 cathartics 2589 – herniation syndrome 3568 – sound 2280 catheter care 830 – malaria 3412 – first heart sound (S1) 2280 catheter-associated bloodstream infections 833 – palsy 105, 379, 434, 443, 712, 2120, 3273, – gallops 2281 catheter-directed thrombolytic infusion 3343, 3595, 3912 – second heart sound (S2) 2280 (CDTI) 3153 – perfusion pressure (CPP) 2534 – 3276 catheterization 279, 412 – salt wasting syndrome 2658, 3732 – tamponade 739 – of the bladder 424 – sinovenous thrombosis (CSVT) 3109, – T (cTnT) 273 causalgia 1625 3147 – ultrasound 2357 cavernous malformation 3591 – vascular malformation 3591 cardiofacial syndrome 35, 3460 cavopulmonary anastomosis 2350, 2351 – venous sinus thrombosis 3303, 3564, cardiogenic Cayler cardiofacial syndrome 3301 3565, 3587 – pulmonary edema 2165–2168 Cayman ataxia 3430 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 420, 856, 3167 – shock 2499 CD25 deficiency 1309 – neopterin 496 cardiomegaly 2166, 2306, 2317, 2436, 3015 CD40 ligand deficiency 1322 cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis 3432 cardiomyopathy 18, 285, 2245, 2247, 2277, ceftobiprole 900 cerebrovascular 2434–2437, 2439, 2459 ceiling effect 404 – accident 3010 – tachycardia-induced 2389 celiac – disorder 3555 cardioplegia 2373 – artery flow (CAF) 272 certolizumab pegol 1910 cardiopulmonary – disease 1823, 1874, 1895, 3751 ceruloplasmin 2036 – arrest in children 2485 Cell Saver 3057 cervarix 937 – bypass 2350, 3025 cell-replacement therapy 80 cervical – resuscitation (CPR) 2218, 2241, 2485 cell-signaling pathway 3610 – ectopy 3852 – managing the airway 2488 cellular immunodeficiency 1323, 2256 – neuroblastoma 4052 – maneuvers 2489 cellulitis 991, 1038, 1529, 3977 cervicitis 968, 3852 cardiovascular – streptococcal 1047 Cesarean section 117, 1433 – disease 35 cement 1795 – respiratory distress 117 – genetics 2261 central core disease 3503, 3506 cestodes 1084 – surgery 2373 central diabetes insipidus (CDI) 3717 Chagas disease 2385 – system 261 – acquired forms 3723 Chamomile 3891 – afterload 262 central giant cell tumor 1740 CHAND syndrome 1493 – fetal physiology 261 central line channelopathy 2403, 3325 – heart rate 262 – infection 740, 1042 chaperones 78 – in utero evaluation 2252 – insertion 476 charcoal 2589 – myocardial performance 262 (CNS) 296 – hemoperfusion 2644 – preload 262 – acting medications 1627 Charcot–Marie Tooth (CMT) disease 3447, – prenatal diagnosis 96 – disease 327 3481, 3525, 3604 – transition 117 – disorder 3449 – type 1A 43 – changes at birth 118 – infections 323, 1083, 3316 – X-linked forms 3483, 3484 – fetal circulation 117 – malformation 94 CHARGE syndrome 25, 167, 3959 cardioversion 284, 2495 – prenatal diagnosis 94 Chediak–Higashi syndrome (CHS) 537, 546, carditis 2427, 2429 – tuberculosis (CNSTB) 1055 1275, 1276, 1279, 1317, 1340, 3080, 3085 care for child development intervention – tumor 3218 chelation therapy 76 (CCDI) 684 – vasculitis 1698 chemical pneumonitis 2229 Subject Index 4117 chemotaxis disorder 3084 – acute lymphoblastic leukemia – liver disease 1759, 1988, 2005 chemotherapy 3169 3193, 3195 – TPN-related 1917 cherry-red macula-myoclonus syndrome 527 – acute myelogenous leukemia 3197 cholesteatoma 868, 869 chest – chronic myeloid leukemia 3193, 3199 cholesterol – compression 131 – classification 3193–3195, 3198 – stones 1982 – two-thumb technique 131 – juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia – supplementation 76 – pain 2153–2156 3193, 3200 cholestyramine 566, 2008 – idiopathic 2154 – myocerebrohepatopathy spectrum 3408 chondritis 2580 – musculoskeletal 2154 – myositis assessment scale (CMAS) 1650 chondrosarcoma 3249 – physiotherapy (CPT) 2246 – obesity 356, 2086, 2727 chorea 2428, 3341, 3346 – radiograph 2137 – onset schizophrenia (COS) 653 – associated with viral encephalitis 3348 – symptoms 2156 children – gravidarum 3348 – tube drainage 422 – distress 692 – of APLA syndrome 3348 – wall – in disasters 687 – of hyperthyroidism 3349 – anomaly 4003 – adjustment difficulties 691 choreoathetosis 318, 496, 3346 – edema 254 – long-term recovery 696 chorioamnionitis 106, 338, 1170 Cheyne-Stokes respiration 3385 – psychological first aid 693 chorionic villous sampling (CVS) 94, 1432 Chiari malformation 3588 – lower-extremity alignment 3905 chorioretinitis 323, 326, 392, 800 chiasmatic tumor 3218 – with recurrent infections 1321 choroid plexus tumor 3222 chickenpox 826, 1189, 1735 Children’s Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Christmas disease 3115, 3140, 3966 child abuse and neglect (CAN) 665, 676, Scale (CYBOCS) 647 chromate contact dermatitis 1470 3059, 3954 chiropractic 3892 chromatid 45 – classic metaphyseal lesions (CMLs) 669 Chlamydia 967–969, 974, 3851, 3977 chromomycosis eumycetoma 1087 – fractures 669 – conjunctivitis 391 chromosome/chromosomal 39 – 671 – infections 967 – aberration – physical abuse 666, 672 – pneumoniae 972 – numerical 41 – sexual abuse 672 – psittaci 972, 973 – structural 41 – skeletal survey 670 – trachomatis 153, 873, 875, 878, 967–970, – abnormality 3, 29, 2309 – skin injury 667 2204, 3851 – incidences 41 Child Behavior Checklist 434 chloramphenicol 89, 900, 1029 – types 41 child development 571 chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) 837 – acrocentric 51 – adolescent 577 chloride 1865–1867 – analysis 9 – behavioral and social learning – channel disease 3532 – aneuploidy 36 theories 572 – diarrhea 1875 – banding technique 39 – brain development 580 chloridorrhea 1754, 1813 – chromosome 15 37 – influences 579 choanal – chromosome 21 25 – chronic illness 581 – atresia 3959 – chromosome 22q11 35 – environmental factors 579 – stenosis 2175 – deletion syndrome 2254 – familial 580 cholangiocellular carcinoma 2004 – disorder 3 – societal 581 cholangiodysplasia 2943 – cytogenetic testing 39 – language 573 cholangiography 1965 – heteromorphism 50 – low- and middle-income countries 681 cholangitis 2013–2015, 2943 – microdeletion syndrome 34 – maturational theory 571 cholecystectomy 1919, 1983, 3014 – mosaicism 53 – moral development 573 cholecystitis 2110, 2985, 3014 – polymorphism 50 – motor skills 573 choledochal cyst 1971, 1981, 1993, 2013, – submicroscopic 51 – preschool 575 3995, 3996 – sex 3649 – psychosexual theories 571 choledochocele 1994 chronic – school age 576 choledocolithiasis 1979, 1982 – daily headache syndrome 3276, 3584 – screening 578 cholelithiasis 565, 1759, 1979, 1982, – diarrhea 1869 – sensory abilities 573 1983, 2982, 2985–2989, 3014 – erosive gastritis 1794 – stress 581 cholera, see also dehydration 977, 979, 1852 – fatigue syndrome 1164 – transactional model 579 – gravis 978 – granulamatous disease (CGD) child maltreatment 665, 677 – sicca 978 1064, 1087, 1275, 1276, 1322, 1336, – prevention 677 – treatment algorithm 980 1620, 3087 Child–Pugh classification 2072 – vaccine 1859 – hemodialysis 2931 childhood cholestasis 1916, 1987, 1995, 2016–2015 – hemolytic anemia 2952 – absence epilepsy 3329 – drug-induced 2116 – hepatitis 1136, 1140, 1142, 2075 – anxiety disorder 646 – intrahepatic 1996 – HCV infection 2043 – ataxia with central hypomyelination 3407 – TPN-related 315 – inflammatory demyelinating – hypercalcemia 3624 cholestatic polyneuropathy (CIDP) 3484 – leukemia 3193–3200 – jaundice 1987, 1996 – interstitial nephritis (CTIN) 2880 4118 Subject Index

– kidney disease (CKD) 2434, 2921 Clostridium common – anemia 2925 – botulinum 995, 1051, 2538 – bile duct 1992 – effects on mineral metabolism 2925 – difficile 2538 – exanthematous 882 – liver disease 1889 – effects of probiotics in diarrhea 1888 – hepatic artery 1961 – effects of probiotics 1889 – perfringens 364, 1854, 2538 – variable immunodeficiency (CVID) 1285, – lung disease (CLD) 270, 2191, 2192, 2200 – tetani 1051, 2538 1288, 1617, 1619 – of prematurity 1246 clubfoot 1743, 3938 – warts 1542 – myelogenous leukemia (CML) 3171 cluster commotio cordis 2404 – obstructive pulmonary disease – breathing 3385 communicating hydrocephalus 421 (COPD) 1199 – headache 3587 communication deficit 659

– pancreatitis 1934 CO2 elimination 196 community violence 3877 – peritoneal dialysis 2929 COACH syndrome 3425 – physical and health-related impact 3880 – recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis coagulase-negative staphylococci (CONS) 1041 – psychological impact 3879 (CRMO) 1585 – bacteremia 1043 – school-related impact 3880 – rheumatic heart disease 2431 coagulation 3101 – screening tools 3881 – suppurative otitis media (CSOM) coagulopathy 209 community-acquired pneumonia 2548 863, 865 Coanda effect 2343 community-based rehabilitation (CBR) 684 – urticaria 1405, 1406 coarctation of the aorta (COA) 2335, 2337, comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) 39 – varioliform gastritis 1794 2339, 2344, 2452 – array CGH 40 chronotherapy 3370 Coats syndrome 3528 – matrix CGH 40 Churg–Strauss syndrome 1691 cobalamin 748 compartment syndrome 3118 Chuvash polycythemia 3037 – deficiency 361 complement Chvostek sign 760, 3614 cobalamin-activating enzyme 454 – deficiency 1338, 2556 chylomicron 309 cobalt contact dermatitis 1470 – disorder 1325 chylothorax 208, 310, 398, 2069 cobblestone 3287, 3519 complementary and alternative chylous ascites 2058, 2059 cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) 1470 (CAM) 3891 cicatricial coccidian protozoa 1072 complementary feeding 707 – alopecia 1503 Coccidioides immitis 2539 complete – ectropion deformity of the eyelid 2580 cochlear implant 605 – blood count 3167 cidofovir 911 Cockayne syndrome 3431 – cleft sternum 4004 ciliary beating 2225 cockroach allergy 1366 complex partial status epilepticus 3416 circadian rhythm sleep disorder 3369 cocktail party syndrome 625 compressive syndrome 3799 circumscribed morphea (CM) 1660 Codman triangle 3246 computer tomography (CT) 2137 cirrhosis 1136–1138, 1140, 1142, 1877, Cogan syndrome 1697 concealed accessory pathway 2389 2033–2037, 2049–2056, 2058, 2059, cognition disorders 379, 613 conduct disorder (CD) 650 2078, 2079 cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) 640, condyloma accuminata 1542 cisplatin 3240 645, 3874 confusional arousal 3372 citrate phosphate dextrose (CPD) 318 COIN trial 130 congenital citrullinemia 464 cold shock 787 – adrenal hyperplasia 341, 3640, 3665 clarithromycin 898 cold stress diuresis 2240 – 11B-hydroxylase deficiency 3699 class switch defect 1291 colipase deficiency 1931 – 21 hydroxylase deficiency 3665 classical lissencephaly 3286 colistin 901 – 3b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase clavicle fracture 168 colitis 1756 deficiency 3699 clean delivery kits (CDKs) 152 – antibiotic-associated 1854 – genetic defect 3666 clear cell sarcoma 3234 – food-sensitive 1886 – non-salt-losing form 3666 cleft lip 27, 32, 1744 coloboma of the iris 3981 – salt-losing form 3665 – associated syndromes 35 colon 1814, 1839 – amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia cleft palate 27, 32, 51, 1743, 2223 colonic atresia 4017 (CAMT) 373 1728, 1744 colorectal cancer/carcinoma 1946, 1952 – amputations 3459

clindamycin 899 colorimetric CO2 detectors 419 – anomaly 3, 25, 88, 3989, 3991, 3995–3997 clinical coma 3379 – clinical evaluation 27 – disorders associated with altered – brain herniation 3391 – family history 8 potassium metabolism 1664, 2666, 2667 – non-traumatic 3395 – minor anomalies 28 – laboratory improvement amendments – pupillary reflexes 3389 – normal variants 29 (CLIA) 63 – scales 3389 – variants 28 – utility 64 – traumatic 3396 – anomaly 3, 25, 88, 3989, 3991, – validity 64 – triple flexion response 3391 3995–3997 clinodactyly 3305, 3927 combined immunodeficiency (CID) 1323 – arthrogryposis 3459 clonidine 405, 621 combined oral contraceptive pill 3843 – ataxia 3425 clonorchiasis 1080 comedonal acne 1453 – atrichia 1492 clonus 3299 comedone 1449, 1454 – brain malformation 3281 Subject Index 4119

– central hypoventilation syndrome – myasthenic syndrome 3302, 3305, 3493, – repeat open application use test (ROAT) (CCHS) 3227 3494, 3498 1469 – chloride diarrhea (CCD) 1865, 1875 – myopathy 3503, 3507 – rubber additives 1471 – chloridorrhea 1754 – 397 contiguous gene syndrome 2921 – coagulation disorder 3139 – nephrotic syndrome 395, 2699, continuous – coronary artery anomaly 2402 2716, 2793 – ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) – cranial dysinnervation disorders – Finnish type 2793 2930 (CCDDs) 3457 – neutropenia 375, 3181 – distending pressure (CDP) 225, 245 – deficiency of a clotting factor 3047 – nevus 1566 – drip feeding 730 – diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) 97, 210, – nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia – glucose monitoring (CGM) 3775 211, 248, 3990 (CNSHA) 2976, 2981, 2982 – positive airway pressure (CPAP) 199, 202, – of Bochdalek 2126 – nontraumatic facial weakness 3459 223, 2145, 2167, 2527, 3514 – disorders of glycosylation syndrome 3434 – pedal papules 1432 – interfaces 223 – dyserythropoetic anemia 3098 – pseudoarthrosis of the tibia 3919 – optimum settings 225 – encephalomyelitis 380 – ptosis 3978 – physiology 223 – erythropoietic porphyria 564, 3064 – pulmonary airway malformation – pressure generators 224 – bone marrow transplantation (CPAM) 3991, 4040 – ventilator 224 (BMT) 565 – pulmonary edema 2183 – renal replacement therapy 2915, 2916 – esotropia 3974 – pulmonary lymphangiectasia 398 – spike waves in slow wave sleep (CSWSS) – facial palsy 3457, 3459, 3460 – rubella syndrome 143, 324, 392, 1259, 3270, 3413 – fiber type disproportion 3507 2333, 2335, 2336 – subcutaneous insulin infusion 3770 – fibrosis of the extraocular muscles – scoliosis 3921, 3922 – venovenous hemodialfiltration 2770 (CFEOM) 3457 – sensorineural deafness 3458 – venovenous hemofiltration 2916 – glaucoma 143 – sodium diarrhea 1874 contraception 2455, 3843 – hearing loss 604 – sodium secretory diarrhea 1866 – hormonal method 3844 – heart block (CHB) 284 – subglottic stenosis 2179 – intrauterine devices 3845 – heart disease (CHD) 25, 33, 155, 276, 805, – syphilis 2797 – progestin-only method 3844 890, 1892, 2172, 2251, 2256, 2261, 2373 – trigger thumb 3928 contraction stress test 100, 101 – cardiotropic support 278 – tufting enteropathy (CTE) 1862 contrast resolution 2355 – cardiovascular monitoring 278 – varicella syndrome (CVS) 332, 1188 control mode ventilation (CMV) 2526 – catheterization 279 – facial palsy (CFP) 3460 controlled ventilation 238 – echocardiography 277 – insensitivity to pain and antidrosis Cooley’s anemia 366, 3033 – in adults 2443 (CIPA) 3489 Coomb’s test 2959 – neurological care 280 – mesoblastic nephroma 3236 Copper 2033–2040 – prenatal diagnosis 96 congenitally corrected transposition of the coproporphyria 3064 – preterm neonates 277 great arteries (CCTGA) 2448 cor – prostaglandin treatment 278 congestive 2275, 2299, – pulmonale 2433, 2435, 2436, 3147 – surgical procedures 279 2305, 2462, 2465, 2467, 2468, – triatriatum 2336, 2337 – heart surgery 2373 2472, 2745 cordocentesis 400 – hemangioma 1556, 1561, 1562, 4060 conglobate acne 1454 core binding factor (CBF) 3197 – hepatic fibrosis 2013–2015, 2066 Congo-Crimean hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) corerod myopathy 3506 – hereditary endothelial dystrophy 3979 2542 cornea 2033, 2034 – hip dislocation 172 conjugate vaccine 942 corneal dermoid 3979 – hydrocephalus 800 conjunctival hemorrhage 393 corner fracture 669 – hyperinsulinism of infancy 3810 conjunctivitis 153, 1615, 3976 coronary artery – hypopituitarism 3813 – chemical 153 – aneurysm 1682 – hypothyroidism 3794 – chlamydial 153 – disease 2401, 2433 – infantile glaucoma 3980 – gonococcal 153, 154 – lesion 1677, 1679 – infection 321, 369, 799 Conners Rating Scales-Revised (CRS-R) – stenosis 2156 – intestinal obstruction 4011 434 coronavirus 2540 – lobar empysema 4040 CONS, see coagulase-negative staphylococci Corrigan’s sign 2342 – lung malformations 4039 constipation 1763, 1836, 1842, 2885, 2891 corrosive esophagitis 1779 – malformation syndrome 25, 353, 2255 – behavioral modification 1765 – injury 1777 – management 30 consumptive coagulopathy 374, 3142 cortical – multifactorial cause 32 contact dermatitis 1392, 1467 – bone infarction 3012 – megacolon 4018 – allergens 1470 – visual impairment 3973 – melanocytic nevus 1517–1519 – allergic 1467 corticosteroid 263, 268, 1368, 1906, 3500, – motor nystagmus 3974 – dye and textile allergens 1473 4079, 4087 – muscular dystrophy 3454, 3517 – irritant 1467 corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) – Merosin-deficient 3517, 3518 – medicament-associated allergens 1470 deficiency 3687 – type 1C 3521 – positive patch test (PPT) 1467 corticosterone 688 4120 Subject Index

cortisol cryptorchidism 3860 cytapheresis 3052 – deficiency 341 cryptosporidiasis 1072, 1075 cytochrome – secretion 3679 Cryptosporidium 1072, 1292, 1302, 1853, 1872 – c oxidase deficiency 460, 461 Corynebacterium Curling’s ulcer 1794 – oxidase (COX) 2103 – diphtheriae 985, 2538, 3475 Currarino’s triad 4023 – P450 3676 – infections 1530 Cushing’s cytogenetic – minutissimum 1530 – disease 3700 – laboratory 53 Costello syndrome 35 – syndrome 771, 2665, 3700, 3709, 3747 – testing 39, 43, 64 costochondritis 2154 – triad 855, 3218, 3385, 3568 – indications in children 49 cough 2131, 2149 – ulcers 1794 – indications in parents 50 – drug therapy 2151 cutaneous cytogenomic array 4, 40 – etiquette 827 – disorders of the newborn 1425 cytokine deficiency 1281 – frequency and intensity 2150 – erythema 1409 cytomegalic inclusion disease 3976 – physiology 2149 – larva migrans (creeping eruption) 1080 cytomegalovirus (CMV) 321, 325, 392, 602, – reflex 2149 – lesion 1422 707, 884, 9251534, 1539, 1735, 1980, 2122, counterimmuno-electrophoresis (CIE) 1235 cutis 2539, 3093, 3182 Cow pox 1513 – laxa 1744, 2335 – infection 371, 389, 1145 cow’s milk allergy 719, 1763, 1829, 1884, – marmorata 1427 – child-to-child transmission 1147 1904, 1941 – telangiectatica congenita (CMTC) – congenital 1149, 1151 Cowchock syndrome 3483 1427, 1158, 1559, 4064 – encephalitis 1153 Cowden’s syndrome 4065 cyanosis 276, 413, 2257, 2278, 296, 2310, 2316 – immune evasion genes 1148 coxa vara 2831 cyanotic heart disease 2278, 2309, 2331 – in the healthy host 1150 Coxiella burnetii 807, 974 cyclic – in the immunocompromised coxsackie virus 1231–1233, 1735 – adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) 267 host 1150 CpG dinucleotide 65 – antidepressant 2601 – intrapartum transmission 1146 cranial – guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) 262 – nosocomial transmission 1146 – base 1742 – vomiting syndrome 1769, 1836, 3582 – perinatal 1149, 1153 – vault 1742 cyclo-oxygenase (COX) inhibitor 293 – postnatal transmission 1146 cranio-osteoarthropathy 1616 – COX 1 270, 3072 – sepsis-like syndrome 1150 craniofacial – COX 2 270 – transfusion-acquired 1150 – anomaly 864 cyclophosphamide 1653, 2781, 3236 – transmission through sexual – development 1741 cyclosporine 1444, 2085, 2119, 2803 activity 1147 – growth 1741 – A (CSA) 2776, 2780 – transmission to child care craniopharyngioma 3223, 3725 cystathionine b-synthase activity 496 providers 1147 craniorachischisis totalis 3281 cystatin C 2689 – vertical transmission 1145 craniosynostosis 1742 cystic – transfusion-associated 3047 craniotabes 758, 764 – fibrosis 5, 10, 14, 68, 718, 1876, 1996, – transfusion-transmitted 3047 creatine phosphokinase (CPK) 2266, 2638 2119, 2151, 2160, 2181, 2183, 2209, 2226, cytopathic effect (CPE) 924 creatinine 292, 2922–2924 2434, 2435, 3962 cytopenia 3092, 3167 – clearance 2700, 2908, 2911 – CF-related diabetes (CFRD) 2212, cytoplasmic granule 3070 crepitus 1781 3764 3068 cribriform atrial septal defect 455 – CF-related metabolic syndrome’’ – protein defect 367 Crigler–Najjar syndrome 315, 1967 (CRMS) 2211 – type 1 2008 – genetics 2209 D – type 2 2009 – transmembrane conductance D-penicillamine 2038 Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) regulator (CFTR) gene 2209 D-transposition 2316 1130 – hygroma 3999 – of the great arteries (D-TGA) 2447 Crohn’s disease 726, 729, 733, 1620, 1708, 1737, – kidney disease 2699 dacryocystocele 143, 3978 1754, 1761, 1793, 1823, 1876, 1901, 1945, – lymphangioma 1740 dacryostenosis 154, 393 1955, 1956, 3627, 3751, 4031 – lymphatic malformation 4055 dactinomycin 3236 – extraintestinal manifestations 1907 cysticercosis 1074, 1084 dactylitis 3012 – intestinal manifestations 1907 – cutaneous 1084 – tuberculous 1056 – of the distal ileum 1880 – muscular 1084 Damus-Kaye-Stansel (DKS) anastomosis cromolyn 1368 cystine 2866 2350, 2378 cross-cultural smell identification test 608 cystinosis 536, 2822, 2827, 3622, 3980 danazol 78 croup 2197, 2546 cystinuria 2865 Dandy–Walker syndrome 3425 Crouzon syndrome 1744 cystitis 2883 daptomycin 900 crustous scabies 1514 cystogenesis 2815 DASH diet 2736 cryoprecipitate 3046 cystoscopy 2901 data recorder 1955, 1957 cryopyrinopathy 1701 cystoskeleton 3493 daunomycin 3171 Cryptococcus neoformans 854, 2539 cystourethrogram 2700 DAX 1 deficiency 343 Subject Index 4121 de Toni-Debre´-Fanconi syndrome, see Fanconi depression 3865, 3867–3869 – chronic 1871 syndrome depressive disorder 638, 640 – in children 1753 dead in bed syndrome 3784 depressor anguli oris 3460 – inflammatory 1754 deafness 625 Dermacentor – intractable 1861 debrancher deficiency 2027 – andersonii 1025 – motility-related 1754 decongestants 1369 – variabilis 1025 – osmotic 1753, 1871 deep brain stimulation (DBS) 3345 dermal melanosis 142 – radiation-induced 1888 deep hypothermic dermatitis 1578 – effects of probiotics 1888 – arrest (DHA) 2350 – herpetiformis 1898 – secretory 1753, 1871 – circulatory arrest (DHCA) 2376 – irritative–toxic 1507 diarrheal disease 827 deep venous thrombosis 3145, 3600 – perioral 1465 diastole 2283 deferoxamine 2623 dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans 1570 diencephalic syndrome 3218 – challenge test 2622 1421 dietary defibrillation 2396, 2493 – surgical 1565 – galactose 2020 deficiency of movement 3300 – topical treatment 1573 – reference intake (DRI) 734 deficient mineralocorticoid activity 2835 dermatomyositis 818, 1649, 1651–1653, 3448 – therapy 74 deformation 26 dermatosis 716 diffuse dehydrated alcohol 2597 dermis 1421 – axonal injury 3575 dehydration 979, 1856, 2649, 2656 desmopressin 3120, 3128, 3732 – cutaneous hemangiomatosis 1560–1562 – fluid management 2512 devastating metabolic diseases of the newborn – intravascular coagulation (DIC) 2497 – fluid therapy 1856 451, 469 – intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG) 3220 – hypertonic 2516 developmental – mesangial sclerosis 2795 – hyponatremic 2657 – coordination disorder (DCD) 436 – pulmonary hemorrhage 2235 – hypotonic 2515 – dysplasia of the hip 3933 diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide – isotonic 2515 – hemostasis 3101 (DLCO) 2133 – management 2513 – reflex 3270 DiGeorge syndrome 167, 1303, 1322, 1332, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) 3709 Devic’s disease 3550 2178, 2262, 2310, 2313, 2344, 2556, 2833 dehydrogenase deficiency 461 dexamethasone 89, 214, 857 digestion Dejerine–Sottas syndrome 3482, 3484 dextrocardia 144, 156 – at the brush border 1813 delayed diabetes – luminal 1813 – hemolytic transfusion reaction 3007 – in pregnancy 110 – of fat 1814 – sleep phase syndrome 3369, 3370 – insipidus 2660, 2853, 3211, 3717 – transport 1813 – sleep syndrome 3892 – mellitus 2433, 2434, 2565, 2668, 3751, digital – transition 200 3759, 3761, 3784 – herpes simplex 1513 deletion syndrome – infections 3785 – necrosis 1644 – 22q11 2262 – insulin-dependent 3751 digoxin poisoning 2605 delirium 3380 – type 1 3759, 3760, 3763, 3764, 3766 – acute ingestion 2606 delivery room – type 2 3762, 3765, 3773, 3775 – chronic ingestion toxicity 2607 – drugs 123 – sticker plan 594 – toxicity 2605 – environment 123 diabetic ketoacidosis 1757, 2565, 2664, dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (E3) – equipment 123 2672–2674, 3759, 3776–3779 deficiency 497 – management 121 – brain edema 2570 dihydrorhodamine 1275 – oxygen administration 219 diagnostic dihydroxyphenylalanine 494 – personnel 122 – approach 2664, 2666 (DCM) 2266, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol 406 – imaging 2137 2459–2465, 2470 delta-aminolevulinic acid 503 – testing 63 dilutional hyponatremia 290 delusion 653 dialysis in children 2929 dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) 1574 dementia 3399 Diamond–Blackfan anemia (DBA) 363, diphtheria 985, 3461 demyelinating disease 3277, 3422 3097, 3181 – laryngeal 985 dengue fever 1131, 2541 diaper 150 – nasal 985 dengue shock syndrome (DSS) 2541 – area – neuropathy 3475, 3476 Dent’s disease 2825, 2832 – ABCDE-rules 1435 – polyneuropathy 3447 dental caries 1730 – allergic contact dermatitis 1436 – tonsillopharyngeal 985 dental occlusion 1742 – irritant contact dermatitis 1436 – toxoid 930 dentato-rubral-pallido-luysian atrophy 3440 – dermatitis 1435 Diphyllobothrium latum 1074 dentin 1727 diaphragmatic diplegia 3599 – dysplasia 1727 – hernia 2126, 3989–3992, 3999 diplococcus 1021 dentinogenesis imperfecta 1727 – paresis 3306 direct Coomb’s test 364, 3044 Denys–Drash syndrome 2795, 2796, 3233, 3652 diarrhea 1825, 1837, 1857, 1865–1867, 1869 direct thrombin inhibitor 3151 deoxygenated systemic venous return 2325 – antibiotic-associated 1888 disaster 687 deoxyhemoglobin 369 – effects of probiotics 1888 discoid meniscus 3949 4122 Subject Index

disease Drosophila 2126 dyspepsia 1834 – of later infancy and childhood 451, 480 drowning 2239–2242 dysphagia 1749, 1752, 2201, 2362, – of neonatal onset 451 – dysrhythmias 2239, 2240 3349, 3495 disimpaction 1764 – hospital care 2241 – esophageal 1750 disk space infection 1584 – hypothermia 2240, 2241 – oropharyngeal 1749 diskitis 793, 1584, 3909, 3912 drug 3822, 3886 dysplasia 26, 33 disorder – allergy 1358, 1413 – of the hip 3933 – of carbohydrate metabolism 486 – distribution 4071 dyspraxia 624 – of neurulation 3281 – dosage 4071 dysrhythmia 2219 – of sex development 3649 – elimination 4071 dysthymia 641 – ovotesticular 3658 – fever 819, 1413 3341, 3342 – of smell and taste 607 – metabolism 4071 – dopa-responsive 3342, 3346 – of the basal ganglia 3339 – poisoning 2605 – Parkinsonism syndrome 3346 – of the posterior pituitary 3717 – digoxin 2605 – with diurnal variation 3346 – of touch 608 – iron 2621 dystroglycan alpha 3523 – of written expression 630 – salicylate 2625 dystroglycanopathy alpha 3518 disruption 26 drug-induced dystrophia myotonica 3529 disruptive behavior disorder 650 – liver injury (DILI) 2113 dystrophin 18, 2245, 3509, 3523 disseminated – lupus 1636 – gene 2246 – disease 327 dry dystrophinopathy 3510, 3515 – intravascular coagulation (DIC) 374, 456, – beriberi 746 dystrophy 712 855, 2995, 2996, 3105, 3075, 3102, 3142, – cholera 978 dysuria 2707 3194 – drowning 2239 dissociative flashback 689 – sinovitis 1590 E distal renal tubular acidosis 2843, 3844, 3845, Duane retraction syndrome 3302 E-cadherin 997 3847–3851 Duane Syndrome 3457, 3458 early distributive shock 2501 Dubin–Johnson syndrome 1967 – infantile epileptic encephalopathy 3316, diving reflex 284 Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) 18, 20, 3319, 3320 DMPK gene 64 2248, 2265, 3453, 3509, 3510, 3512 – intervention program (EIP) 627 DNA Duchenne-Becker muscular dystrophy – menarche 773 – binding protein 726 3273 – myoclonic encephalopathy 3316, 3319, – direct analysis 62 duct of Wirsung 1925 3320, 3404 – imprinting 726 ductal plate malformation 2013 eating disorder 3786, 3832 – methylation 726 ductus Eaton agent 1005 – methyltransferase 78 – arteriosus (DA) 270, 272, 2251 Ebola virus 1130 – microarray testing 926 – venosum 1960 Ebstein’s anomaly 2452 – mutation 62, 69 Duncan syndrome 1164 – of the tricuspid valve 2282, 2325 – replication 47 duodenal atresia 4011 ecchymosis 162, 667 – sequencing 65, 66 duodenum 1811 Echinacea 3891 – therapy 80 duplication syndrome 44 echinocandin 1066 dobutamine 205, 267 dust-mite-sensitization prevention 1417 echinococcosis docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) 310 dysarthria 624, 2034, 3349 – alveolar 1091 dolichocephaly 3295 dyscalculia 632 – polycystic 1091 dolichostenomelia 498 dysdiadochokinesis 3421 – unilocular 1091 doll’s eye reflex 3390 dysentery 1872 Echinococcus 1091 Donath-Landsteiner antibody 2969 dysferlinopathy 3524–3526 – granulosus 1091, 2109 dopa-responsive dystonia (DYTS) 3346 dysfibrinogenemia 3137 – multilocularis 1091 dopamine 205, 267, 268, 295, 620 dysfluency 624 – oligarthrus 1091 dorsolumbar kyphosis 759 dysfunctional – vogeli 1091 double chamber right ventricle 2331, 2332 – elimination syndrome 2889 echocardiography 2291, 2357 double-outlet right ventricle (DORV) 2300 – uterine bleeding 3847, 3848 – 2-dimensional 2358 doublestrand break (DSB) 47 dyshormonogenesis 3794 – 3-dimensional 2359 Down syndrome, see also trisomy 21 34, 372, dyskeratosis congenita 3081, 3096 – acoustic windows 2361 615, 2077, 2261, 2301, 2304, 2313, 2380, dyslexia 629 – Doppler echocardiography 2358 2420, 2698, 3162, 3193, 3199, 3268, 3742, dyslipidemia 2089, 2924, 3775 echolalia 625, 659 3749, 3751, 3798 dysmenorrhea 3849 echynocytosis 2990 doxorubicin 3171, 3236 dysmorphology 25 eclampsia 112 Dracunculus medinensis 1074 – Baraitser-Winter database 26 ectodermal dysplasia 486, 1509 Dravet syndrome 3273, 3329, 3404 dysmotility – tricho-onychotic 1509 dried blood spots (DBS) 1152 – of the colon 1840 – with immunodeficiency 1282 drooling 1781 – of the small intestine 1840 ectopia lentis 3982 Subject Index 4123 ectopic encopresis 590, 1763, 1764, 4024 – replacement therapy 77 – pancreas 1926 – monitoring chart 591 – urogen decarboxylase deficiency 563 – ureter 2904 end-stage renal disease (ESRD) 2929 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) ectothrix 1544 end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) 1809 eczema herpeticum 1536, 1537 detector 129 enzymopathy 368 eczematous skin disorder 1441 end-to-end anastomosis 2375 eosinophilia 375, 2159, 3082 edema 1891–1893 endemic typhus 1026 eosinophilic Edwards syndrome 39, 41, 2261 endocardial cushion defect 2445 – cationic protein (ECP) 1375, 1377 effluvium 1490 endocarditis 805, 818, 1039, 1042, 2251 – esophagitis 1776 Ehlers–Danlos syndrome 2335, 3137, – echocardiography 808 – gastritis 1793 3295, 3921 – subacute form 806 – gastroenteritis 1884 eicosanoid 263 endocrine disorder 771, 3609 – gastroenteropathy 1793 eicosapentanoic acid 2753 Endonyx onychomycosis 1514 – granuloma 1734, 3211 Eisenmenger syndrome 2296, 2413, 2414, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) 540 ependymoma 3219 2445, 2453 endoscopic retrograde ephelides 1520 Ekiri syndrome 1036 cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) 1965, epidemic Elastin gene mutation 2335 1974, 1981, 1990, 2109 – pleurodynia 2154 elastosis perforans serpiginosa 1485 endothrix 1544 – typhus 1026 elective aortic root replacement 2270 endotracheal intubation 418, 2488, 2525 epidermal nevi 1567 electric uncoupling 386 – complications 251 epidermis 1421 electrical status epilepticus in slow-wave sleep endotracheal tube (ETT) 128, 207, 2129, epidermolysis bullosa 1736 (ESESS) 3413 2530, 2531 Epidermophyton floccosum 1545 3394 endovascular stent 2368 epididymitis 968, 969, 3862 electrogastrography 1832 enlarged lymph node 3165 epididymo-orchitis 963 electrolyte 737, 2649, 2651 Entamoeba 1755 epidural – disturbance 295 – histolytica 1075, 1853, 1872, 2109 – abscess 869 – therapy 289 entecavir 916 – 3571, 3578, 3589 electron microscopy (EM) 925 enteral – hemorrhage (EDH) 165 electron-transfer flavoproteins 458 – feeding 729, 733, 1916 epigastric pain syndrome (EPS) 1835 electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) 102 – nutrition 725, 729, 1915 epigenetics 65 ELISA 1413 enteric epiglottitis 991, 2197, 2547 elliptocytosis 314, 367 – adenovirus 1850 epilepsy 609, 1643, 1644, 3581 Ellis-van Crevald syndrome 2302 – fever 1032 – idiopathic 3325 Embden–Myerhoff pathway 368 – nervous system (ENS) 1830, 4018 – in infancy and childhood 3325 emergency Enterobacter cloaca 890, 2538 – symptomatic 3326 – contraception 3844 enterobiasis pinworm infection 1078 – syndrome 3275, 3277 – medical services (EMS) system 2485 Enterobius verimcularis 1074, 1078 epileptic encephalopathy 3403, 3413 Emery–Dreifuss muscular dystrophy 2267, Enterococcus 1979 epinephrine 131, 205, 267, 268, 1410, 2491 3453, 3515 – faecalis 2538 episcleritis 1615 emesis 2589 enterocolitis episodic ataxia 3441 emollients 1423, 1578 – fulminating 1076 epistaxis 3965 empyema 4042 – intractable ulcerating 1863 – anterior 3967 enamel 1727 enterocyte heparan sulfate deficiency 1862, – posterior 398 – hypoplasia 1727 1874 – recurrent bleeding 3967 encephalitis 1171, 2553 enterokinase deficiency 1931 epithelial encephalocele 3281 enteropathy 1891 – barrier function 1901 encephalomalacia 461 – cows’ milk–sensitive 1885 – neoplasm 1951 encephalomyelitis 1003 – dietary protein-induced 1873 Epstein encephalopathy 20, 188, 286, 384, 466, 503, – food protein-induced 1399 – pearls 144, 1739 1003, 1018, 1203–1206, 2034, 2052, – gluten-sensitive 1874 – syndrome 3107 3306, 3399 – protein-losing 1825 Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) 814, 883, 904, 1163, – acute 3402 enterovirus 1231, 1232, 2539 1310, 1534, 1538, 1539, 1612, 1735, 2474, – chronic 3416 enthesitis 1480, 1601, 1603–1606 2539, 3093, 3161, 3203 – epileptic 3403 – arthritis 1606 Erb–Duchenne palsy 3471 – hypoglycemic 3411 enthesopathy 1606, 1605 Erb’s palsy 169, 3267, 3300, 3604 – hypoxic-ischemic (HIE) 3310 entomological inoculation rate (EIR) 1103 Erlenmeyer flask 529 – immune-mediated 3415 entrapment neuropathy 3475 erosive gastritis 1791 – influenza-associated 3410 environmental injury 2239 eruption – nonencephalitic epileptic 3404 enzyme – cyst 1729 – progressive myoclonic epileptic 3418 – deficiency 314 – hematoma 1729 – subacute 3403, 3412, 3416 – immunoassay (EIA) 334, 926 – of the primary dentition 1728 4124 Subject Index

erysipela 1047 euphorbia pulcherrima 2620 – XI deficiency 3115, 3122 erythema eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) – X deficiency 3140 – infectiosum 331, 882, 1237, 1533, 1612 1565 Fahr’s disease 3344 – marginatum 2428 euthyroid sick syndrome 3801 failure to thrive 1817, 2854, 3843, 3845, 3848 – migrans (EM) 1001, 1584 evaluation 3091, 3092, 3094, 3096, 3098 falciform ligament 1960 – multiforme 1513, 1736, 2873 Evans syndrome 1644, 2969 falciparum malaria 2907, 3029, 3412 – nodosum 881, 1903 Ewing sarcoma 3245, 3246 famciclovir 908 – toxicum 139 ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) familial – neonatorum 1428 398, 2129 – cold autoinflammatory syndrome erythrasma 1530 exanthem subitum 882, 1540 (FCAS) 1703 erythroblastosis fetalis 2957 exchange transfusion (ET) 425, 2008 – dysautonomia 3489 erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) 1585 – push–pull technique 426 – glucocorticoid deficiency 3686 erythrocytosis 3037 excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT) 3318 – hemiplegic migraine 3581 erythroid exhaled – hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis – aplasia 3007 – breath analysis 1378 (FHL) 1280 – hyperplasia 3098 – breath condensate 1378 – hypercalciuric hypocalcemia 3616 erythroid-stimulating agent 3057 – nitric oxide 1378 – hypocalciuric hypercalcemia 3625 erythromycin 897 exocrine pancreatic insufficiency 1929 – intrahepatic cholestasis 1994 erythropoiesis 359 exodeviation 3975 – Mediterranean fever (FMF) 1685, 1705, erythropoietic exogenous steroid 3640 1721, 1732 – porphyria 564 exoglycosidase 540 – polyposis coli 1946 – protoporphyria (EPP) 565, 567, 3064 exostosis 1515 – pressure neuropathy 3475 erythropoietin 381 exploding head syndrome 3372 – short stature (FSS) 3748 Escherichia coli 865, 1035, 1901, 2538, 2807 extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) 851 – supravalvar aortic stenosis 2335, 2343 – diffusely adhering 1852 external genitalia of male and female 3653 famotidine 3359 – enteroaggregative 1852 externalizing disorder 650 Fanconi – enterohemorrhagic 1851 extracardiac conduit approach 2351 – anemia (FA) 363, 2982, 3092, 3094, 3095, – enteroinvasive 1851 extracellular hypotonicity 296 3162, 3182, 3193 – enteropathogenic 1851 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation – aplastic anemia 2982 – enterotoxigenic 1851 (ECMO) 257, 441, 602, 373, 1214, 2162, – renal syndrome 3260 – sepsis 2018 2324, 2522, 3052 – syndrome 490, 499, 536, 764, 766, 2821, Escobar syndrome 3494 – complications 258 2825, 2854, 3622 esmolol 284 extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) – bone disease 2827 esodeviation 3974 2873 – hereditary causes 2822 esomeprazole magnesium 3359 extragastrointestinal symptom 1826 Fanconi-Bickel syndrome 2823, 2829 esophageal extrahepatic Farber disease 523, 549 – atresia 1776, 3989, 4073 – biliary atresia (EHBA) 1979 fascioliasis 1074, 1080 – dysphagia 1750 – duct 1959 Fasciolopsis buski 1074, 1080 – foreign bodies 1782 extrapyramidal disease 3339 fascioscapulohumeral muscular – pH monitoring 1787 extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infant 220 dystrophy 3446 – prokinetics 1752 – oxygen saturation 220 fast-channel syndrome 3493 – sphincter 1831 eye fasting 1957 – stenosis 1775 – cystercosis 1084 fat – stricture 1779 – disorder 391 – concentration 709 – varices 1941, 2013–2015, 2065 – infection 391 – digestion 1814 esophagitis 1776, 1790, 2155 – examination guidelines 601 – malabsorption syndrome 753 – allergic eosinophilic 1399 eyelid edema 143 – necrosis 1430 esophagogastroduodenoscopy 1943 fat-soluble vitamins 751 esophagus 1775, 1831 F – deficiency 1917 – adenocarcinoma 1777 Fabry disease 532 fatal cardiomyopathy 3507 esotropia 3974 face mask (FM) 128 fatalities 1410 espundia 1100 facial fatigue 1623, 1626 essential tremor 3354 – atopic dermatitis 1442 fatness estimated energy requirement 708 – burn 2580 – measures 769 Etanercept 1606, 1607 – nerve (CN VII) 3459, 3460 – skinfold thickness 769 ethanol 2597 – nerve palsy 166 – waist circumference 769 ethyl alcohol 2597 facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy 3527 fatty-acid binding protein of the intestine 726 ethylene glycol 2597 factor fatty-acid oxidation 3814 – intoxication 2674 – VII deficiency 3140 – disorder 3403 etoposide 3236 – VIII deficiency 3116 favism 2977 euglobulin clot lysis time 3138 – IX deficiency 3120 FBN1 gene 14 Subject Index 4125 febrile fibrinopeptide 3133 Fontan – infection-related epilepsy syndrome fibrocystin 2817 – circulation 279 (FIRES) 3404 fibromuscular dysplasia 2734 – operation 2350, 2351, 2377, 2449 – 3329 fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) 1626, 1627 – palliation 2327 – plus syndrome (GEFS+) 3326 fibroplasia 89 food – ulceronecrotic Mucha-Habermann fibrosing alveolitis 2521 – allergy 1358, 1397 disease (FUMHD) 1616 fibrous dysplasia 1740 – gastrointestinal symptoms 1399 fecal fifth disease, see erythema infectiosum – oral tolerance induction 1398 – impaction 1877 Filaggrin 1391 – challenge testing 1354 – incontinence 590, 1836 filovirus 1130, 2540 – idiosyncrasy 1883 – soiling 1763 finger to nose test 3421 – impaction 1783 Fechtner syndrome 3107 fire ant 1415 – poisoning 1854 fecolith 590 firearm violence 3878 – protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome female Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome 970 (FPIES) 1874 – adolescent 3839 Fitzgerald factor 3122, 3136 – protein-induced proctocolitis 1399 – genital mutilation 672 fixed drug eruptions 1413 food-sensitive colitis 1886 – sex determination 3653 flaccid 3390 foot deformity 3937 femoral nerve injury 3475 flat warts 1542 Forbes disease 2027 ferrioxamine 2622 flatfoot 3941 forceps delivery 1433 ferritin 2964 Flaviviridae 1139 foregut 1833 fertility 3664 flavivirus 2540 – functional dysmotility 1833 fetal Fletcher factor 3122, 3136 – adrenal steroidogenesis 3679 floppy infant syndrome 3448, 3467, 3508, – airway obstruction (FBAO) 2489 – alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) 403 3522, 3539 – ingestion 1780, 2616 – alcohol syndrome 614, 615 floppy newborn 387 – laryngeal 2196 – anemia 399 flow-inflating (anesthesia) bag 127 – nasal 2196 – cardiac output 261 fluconazole 835 – removal 1782 – cardiopathy 2253 fluid – tracheobronchial 2196 – in-utero evaluation 2253 – balance 290 foreign protein 1409 – circulation 2251 – monitoring 293 fork stalling and template switching (FoSTeS) – hydronephrosis 137 – management mechanism 46, 47 – hypoxia 370 – in burn patient 2517 formicidae 1415 – infections 321 – in children 2511 formula feeding 707 – movement assessment 99 – in trauma patient 2516 foscarnet 912 – ovary development 3651 – resuscitation 2490 fosfomycin 901 – pulse oximetry 102 – therapy 289 foster care 581 – surgery 3991, 3992, 3998 fluke 1117 FOXN1 deficiency 1304 – tumor 3998 fluorescein dilaurate test 1927 fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) 1352 – well-being 91 fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) 39 fragile X syndrome 66, 615, 624, 3272 – biophysical profile 100, 101 fluoroquinolone 889 Frank–Starling mechanism 2460 – contraction stress test 100, 101 fluoxetine 640, 2629 Frasier syndrome 3233 – nonstress testing (NST) 99 focal frataxin 3427 – tests 99 – atrial tachycardia 2391 freckles 1520 – umbilical artery Doppler 100, – cortical dysplasia 3285 fresh frozen plasma (FFP) 3046, 3119 102, 103 – otitic encephalitis 869 Friedreich’s ataxia 3347, 3422, 3425 feto-maternal bleeding 360 – pyelonephritis 2888 frontal bossing 758 fetor hepaticus 2052, 3386 – segmental glomerulosclerosis 2929 fructose fever 962–964 folate deficiency 361, 750 – fructose-1-phosphate aldolase deficiency – occult bacteremia 814 Foley catheter 1782 2022 – of unknown origin (FUO) 813, 814 folic acid (vitamin B9) 749 – fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase deficiency – unusual causes 819 follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) 1624, 488 – without localizing signs 813 3609, 3631 – fructose-1,6-diphosphatase deficiency feverfew 3892 follicular 2023 fibrin 2995, 3073 – cyst 1739 – metabolism 2020 – degradation product (FDP) 3135, 3138 – keratinocyte 1451 fructosemia 2021 – stabilizing factor 3141 – occlusion tetrad 1505 fructosuria 2021 fibrinogen 2995, 3067, 3071, 3104 folliculitis 1038, 1497, 1527 fucosidosis 526 – inherited disorders 3141 – decalvans 1504 fukutin gene 3519 – receptor 3070 – keloidal 1504 fukutin-related proteinopathy 3525, 3526 fibrinolysis 3101, 3135, 3143 – stone-like 1497 Fukuyama congenital muscular dystrophy fibrinolytic protein 3131 fondaparinux 3152 (FCMD) 3287, 3519 4126 Subject Index

fulminant hepatic failure 2034, 2036, 2040, Gardnerella vaginalis 878 – morphea 1660 2095, 2096, 2106, 2119 Gartner’s ducts 3656 – weakness 3304 fumarylacetoacetase 76 gas exchange 2127 genetic – hydrolase deficiency 74 gastresophageal varices 2065 – counseling 10, 36 functional gastric – diagnosis 12 – abdominal pain syndrome (FAPS) 1836 – cell 1803 – disease – constipation 1836 – dysrhythmia 1832 – medical treatment 73 – diarrhea 1877 – emptying 1833, 1839 – disorders 3 – dyspepsia 1834 – evacuation emesis 2589 – management 9 – gastrointestinal disorder (FGID) 1829 – lavage 2589 – heterogeneity 9, 13, 65 – Psychological Alarm Questionnaire – motility 1831 – obesity 771, 772 1830 – wall 1791 – screening 54, 68 – Rome criteria 1829 gastrinoma 1878 – population-based 68 – independence measure for children 433 gastritis 1791 – syndrome 2221, 2261 – residual capacity (FRC) 126, 130, 2529, – erosive 1791 – testing 9, 11 2535 – nonerosive 1791 – family history 6 fungal gastroenteritis 1031, 1758, 1847 – predictive testing 62 – disease 4050 – acute 1847 – predispositional testing 62 – infection 1061, 1543, 1735, 1854 – allergic eosinophilic 1400 – risks in children 63 fungemia 836 – bacterial 1850 geniculate ganglion 3460, 3461 fungi 2539 – eosinophilic 1874, 1184 genioglossus 2221 furmarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH) 2029 – parasitic 1853 genital furosemide 294, 2201 – viral 1848 – chlamydial infection 968 furunculosis 1038 gastroesophageal reflux (GER) 198, 838, 1661, – development 3856 2129, 2151, 3359 – duct 3655 G gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) 774, – lesions in adolescents 3852 G6PD deficiency 314 1380, 1176, 1787, 2214, 2215, 3358 – warts 874, 876, 878, 879, 1542 GABA receptor 379 gastrointestinal (GI) genitourinary anomaly 3995 Gabapentin 1627 – bleeding 1937 genomic gain-of-function mutation 47 – contraction 1840 – imprinting 7, 22, 65, 66, 726 galacticol 2019 – disease 661, 1635, 1749, 1187, 2155 – testing 11 galactogenesis 701 – probiotics 1887 genotype 13 galactokinase deficiency 2019 – dysmotility 733 genotype–phenotype correlation 54 – galactosemia 2020 – food allergy 1883 gentamicin 79 galactomannan assay 1064 – medications 4105 genu varum 2831 galactose 2017 – motility disorder 1829, 1839, 1840 geographic tongue 1738 – toxicity 2020 – polyp 1946 germ cell tumor 3221, 3255 galactosemia 315, 480, 488, 491, 492, 504, 703, – juvenile 1946 German measles, see also rubella 882, 1259, 707, 2017, 2096, 2097, 2099, 2824 – system 303 1532, 3975 – liver histopathology 2019 – Barrier function 304 germinal matrix hemorrhage 3310 galactosialidosis 533, 540, 547 – development 303 germinoma 3221, 3724 galactosuria 2019 – digestive–absorptive function 304 germline mosaicism 15 galactosylation 2751 – tract 724 gestational age galactosylceramide lipidosis 530 – tumor 1951 – at birth Galeazzi test 3906 gastroparesis 1833 – complications 106 gallbladder 1979 gastropathy 1791 – large for gestational age (LGA) 178 – hydrops 1979 gastroschisis 98, 3989, 3996, 3997, 4007, 4015 – small for gestational age (SGA) 178 – stones 2982 gastrostomy 1780, 1796, 1833 – terminology 177 Galloway syndrome 2797 – tube 730 gestational diabetes (GDM) 110 gallstones 774, 1982 Gaucher Ghon complex 1054 gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) 748, 3317 – cell 546, 551 ghost teeth 1728 gamma-beta-delta thalassemia 365 – disease 528, 547, 549, 3454 Gianotti–Crosti syndrome (GCS) 883, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) – triad 529 1136, 1539 1973, 1984 gender identity 3649 giant ganciclovir 326, 909 gene – axonal neuropathy 3433 ganglioneuroblastoma 3228 – conversion 3666 – hemangioma 2996, 3000 ganglioneuroma 3228 – sequencing 64 – molluscum 1541 gangliosidosis 532 – tests website 64 Giardia lamblia 1071, 1286, 1617, 1754, 1872 – GM2 535, 3406 – therapy 80 giardiasis 1071, 1853 Gardasil 937 generalized gibbus deformity 1056 Gardner syndrome 1947, 3241 – anxiety disorders (GAD) 644 Gilbert syndrome 314, 1967, 2007, 2010 Subject Index 4127

GINA guidelines 1371, 1375, 1376, 1379, 1380, glutathione (GSH) 217 gross motor function classification system 1381, 1384, 1385 – metabolism disorders 3087 (GMF-CS) 433 gingiva/gingival 1731 – reductase 217, 2975 growth – cyclosporine-induced 1732 gluten 1896 – assessment 3741 – cyst 1739 gluten-free diet 1899 – disorder 3739 – hyperplasia 1732 gluten-sensitive enteropathy 1874 – endocrine regulation 3739 – overgrowth gluteoperineal necrosis 415 – hormone 3739, 3740, 3742, 3744, 3745, – pigmentation 1734 glycated hemoglobin (hemoglobin A1c) 3776 3748, 3753, 3754, 3806 gingivitis 608, 1731 glycogen – deficiency 771, 3739, 3745, 3748, gingivostomatitis 1732 – metabolism 2023 3753, 3754 – herpetic 1732 – storage disease (GSD) 489, 490, 515, 2023, – receptor 3740 – streptococcal 1732 2823, 2829, 3080, 3535, 3537 – plate fracture 3953 Ginseng 3891 – bleeding tendency 2026 – retardation 1903, 1930 Gitelman syndrome 2665, 2679–2681, 2838, – type I 2024 guanfacine 621 2854, 3616 – type III 2027 guanosine triphosphate 494 Glanzman’s thrombasthenia 3071,3073, 3076 glycogenosis 3535, 3537, 3540 gubernaculum 3650 Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) 3389 glycolipid metabolism disorder 527 guide for monitoring child development glaucoma 3980, 3981 glycolysis 3805 (GMCD) 683 Glenn shunt 2377 glycopeptide 900 Guillain–Barre´ syndrome (GBS) 1006, 1207, glioma 3217 glycoprotein 3107 1289, 2554, 3277, 3422, 3465, 3476–3479, – low-grade 3220 – degradation disorder 525 3534, 3595, 3604 globoid cell 530 glycosphingolipid globotriaosylceramide 2769 Gunther’s disease 564 globulomaxillary cyst 1739 goiter 3799 gustation 606 glomerular Goldenhar syndrome 167, 1744, 3460 gut 1811 – basement membrane (GBM) 2757, 2799 Goltz syndrome 36 – motility 1839 – filtration rate (GFR) 290, 2689, 2800, gonadal gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) 1812 2907, 2910, 2921, 2922, 2925, 2927 – dysgenesis 3657, 3669 Guthrie test 474 – hematuria 2775 – sex 3649 gynecomastia 144, 2052, 3641, 3695 – proteinuria 2716 – steroid 3748 glomerulonephritis 806, 1527, 1633, 1692, gonadectomy 3661 H 2079, 2733, 2743, 2747, 2778, 2913 gonococcal habituation 3296 – acute post-infectious 2806 – arthritis 3910 HACEK organism 818 – membranoproliferative (MPGN) 2804 – infection 391, 874, 878 Haddad syndrome 4019 – membranous (MGN) 2804 gonococcus 1011 Haemophilus bacteremia 989 glomerulosclerosis 2715 gonorrhea 873–875, 3851 Haemophilus influenza 547, 893, 989, 1021, glomus tumor 1515 – conjunctivitis 3976 1323, 1330, 2205, 2538, 3016 glomuvenous lesion 4063 – ophthalmitis 391 – biotype Aegypticus 992 glossoptosis 25, 1742 Goodpasture syndrome 1347, 2720, 2789, – nonencapsulated infection 991 glucagon 1752 2805, 2942 – type B (HIB) 783, 853, 989, 2197 glucagon-like peptide 2 1915 Gordon syndrome 2729, 2841 – cellulitis 991 glucocorticoid 3675–3682, 3684, 3686, Gorlin syndrome 3162 – epiglottitis 991 3689–3693, 3696, 3697, 3700, 3701, 3707 GRACILE syndrome 2103 – immunization 992 – resistance 3685, 3687, 3706 Gradenigo’s syndrome 3147 – meningitis 989, 991 glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism 2729 graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) 1299, 1413, – vaccine 930, 933, 989 gluconeogenesis 347, 457, 736, 3805, 3813 1923, 2235, 2556, 3093, 3181, 3182 Hageman factor 3141 glucose 132, 146, 349, 736, 2492, 2692 – transfusion-associated (TA-GVHD) 3043 hair 1423 – homeostasis 181, 724 graft-versus-leukemia 3180 – abnormalities 1491 – disorders 347 gram-negative folliculitis 1465 – cuticle stripping 1495 glucose-6-phosphatase 181, 490 granular parakeratosis 1437 – damage 1495 glucose-6-phosphatase dehydrogenase (G6PD) granulocyte 3047 – disorders 1489 – deficiency 368, 462, 1029, 2024, granuloma 1119, 1120, 1121, 1123, 1125 – growth cycle 1489 2975, 3087 – anulare 1484 – loss 1489 – malaria hypothesis 2976 – gluteale infantum 1436 – due to increased fragility 1493 – polymorphism 2975 granulomatous disorder 1701, 1708 – noninfectious 1499 – testing 2978 graphesthesia 609 – overprocessing 1495 glucosuria 2824, 3766 Grave’s disease 1348, 3796, 3797 – uncomable 1492 glutamate receptor 3317 gray baby syndrome 89 hairy leukoplakia 1738 glutamine 737 Griscelli syndrome (GS) 1275, 1276, 1279, Hallervorden–Spatz disease 3344, 3418 – supplementation 1915 1316, 1340, 1341, 3080 hallucination 653, 689 glutaric aciduria 458, 483 griseofulvin 1497 halo nevus 1524 glutarylcarnitine 484 gross hematuria 2705, 2745, 2749, 2758, 3118 haloperidol 654 4128 Subject Index

hamartoma 1953, 3239, 4030 HELLP syndrome 112 hemophagocytic hand helminthes 1074 – lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) 3214 – burn 2581 hemangioendothelioma 1952 – syndrome 818, 1166, 1183, 1646, 2099 – fracture 3929 hemangioma 1560, 1568, 1740, 2198, 3239, hemophilia 66, 3115, 3116 – hygiene 409 4053, 4059 – C 3141 hand-foot-and-mouth disease 883, 1540, hemarthrosis 3116 hemoptysis 2159, 2226, 2746 1232, 1735 hematemesis 1938, 2159 hemorrhage Hand-Schueller-Christian syndrome 1734, hematin 3062 – epidural 165 3211 hematochezia 1761, 1944 – pulmonary 208 hand–foot syndrome 3012 hematocrit value 359 – subarachnoid 165 Hantavirus 2543 hematologic medication 4104 – subconjunctival 162 haptocorrin 705 359 – subgaleal 164 Harfi syndrome 1342 hematophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) – cystitis 842 harlequin color change 140, 1427 1280 – disease of the newborn 1940, 3101, 3105 HARP syndrome 3344 hematopoiesis 3091 – edema 1672 Harrison’s groove 759 hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation – fever 1129 Hartnup disease 747, 3433 73, 1275, 3010, 3018, 3179, 3197 – Bolivian 1129 harvester ant 1415 hematuria 1117, 1120–1122, 1124, 2699, – Bunyaviridae 1130 Hashimoto-Pritzker syndrome 3211, 3212 2705–2710, 2751, 2867, 3241 – Venezuelan 1129 Hashimoto’s autoimmune thyreoiditis 1499, heme – with renal syndrome (HFRS) 1130, 3796, 3799 – biosynthesis 3061 2543 Hashimoto’s encephalopathy 3415 – pathway 562 – pulmonary edema 209, 270 Hassell’s corpuscle 1267 – iron 2963 – stroke 3555, 3563, 2565 haustra 1814 hemi-Fontan operation 2377 hemosiderin 2160 head hemicrania continua 3586 hemostasis 3101, 3131 – banging 3373 hemifacial hemotochezia 1943 – injury 163, 671, 3567 – hyperplasia 1728 Henoch Schoenlein Purpura (HSP) 1406, 1671, – masses 4045 – microsomia 1744, 2177 1758, 2708, 2720, 2763, 2749 – trauma 3276, 3575 3283 – nephritis 2763 Head’s paradoxical reflex 128, 224 heminephrectomy 2904 heparin 258, 2062 headache 3274, 3581 hemiparesis 3302 – anti-Xa test 3137 healthcare provider 694 hemiplegia 3599, 3600 heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) hearing hemochromatosis 3098 3075, 3150 – acuity 601 hemodialysis 2770, 2929, 2931 hepateoerythropoietic porphyria 3064 – impairment 601, 660, 1615 hemoglobin 3007 hepatic – causes 603 – Bart’s 3030, 3033 – cysts 1092, 1094 – loss 602, 868, 2758 – C 3023 – disease 2004 – noise-induced 606 – Constant Spring 3035 – encephalopathy 1968, 2095–2098, 3411 – risk factors 605 – D 3023–3025 – fibrosis 2043 – screening 147 – E 3023, 3024 – glycogenolysis 3804 – tests 610 – F 3018 – imino-diacetic acid (HIDA) 1980 heart – Lepore disease 3020 – porphyria 561, 564 – failure 2433–2440, 2460–2462 – O-Arab 3023, 3025 – portoenterostomy 1992 – murmur 155 – synthesis 3029 – sinusoidal obstruction syndrome 3153 – transplantation 2463 hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (HBOC) – tumor 3239 – pediatric 2470 3057 – vein occlusion 2061 heart rate 265 hemoglobinopathy 314, 364, 366, 2953, 3005, – veno-cculusive disease 2235 heart–hand syndrome 2265 3023, 3560 hepaticojejunostomy 1982 heart–lung transplantation 2454 hemoglobinuria 2705 hepatitis 564, 962, 1133–1142, 1182, 1238, heat balance 187 g-hemolysis 1045 2095–2097, 2099 Heavia brasiliensis 1417 hemolytic – A 1133, 1134, 1137, 1138, 1142 height prediction 3741–3744, 3747–3750, 3754 – anemia 2033–2036, 2981, 2982, – B 333, 1135–1140, 1142, 2076 Heimlich maneuver 2489 2995–3001, 3023–3026 – immunoglobulin (HBIG) 334, Heiner syndrome 2160 – drug-induced 2971 936, 2078 Heinz bodies 2977, 2979, 3026 – disease of the newborn (HDN) 2957, – surface antigen (HBsAg) 333 Helex septal occluder 2369 3041 – vaccine 935 Helicobater pylori 1762, 1805, 1937 – disorders of infancy 363 – D 1136, 1141 – gastritis 978, 1792 – jaundice 313 – E 1142 – infection 361 – uremic syndrome (HUS) 2769, 2775, – F 1142 – effects of probiotics 1889 2807, 2935, 2971, 2996, 2297, 3000, 3075 – G 1142 Heller myotomy 1776 – lupus-induced 2786 – virus 2540 Subject Index 4129 hepatobiliary herpes labialis 1735 Hinman’s syndrome 2884 – disorder 1971 herpes simplex hip – scintigraphic imaging 1966, 1990 – encephalitis 1176, 1282, 3399 – dislocation 172 – tumor 3239 – antiviral therapy 1177 – disorders 3945 hepatoblast 1959 – keratoconjunctivitis 1176 hippocampus 3327 hepatoblastoma 726, 1952, 2120, 3239 – disseminated disease 1171 Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) hepatocellular – virus (HSV) infection 140, 154, 326, 873, 4021 – carcinoma 1137, 1138, 1140, 1141, 1998, 877, 1167, 2539, 3460, 3976 Hirschsprung’s disease 1316, 1758, 1764, 1811, 2004, 2079, 2089, 2107, 2120 – genital 1167, 1175 1842, 1944, 3994, 4018, 4021, 4027 – injury 2049 – intrauterine 1171 hirsutism 1505, 3633, 3640, 3643, 3644 hepatocyte rupture 1105 – mucocutaneous infection in – idiopathic 1506 hepatoerythropoietic porphyria (HEP) 566 immunocompromised patients 1177 His-Purkinje hepatolenticular degeneration 2033, 3980 – neonatal 1169, 1170 – conduction axis 2386 hepatoma 2030, 2061 – newborn infection 1169 – system 2383, 2394 hepatomegaly 369, 503, 741, 962, 1133, 1136, – oropharyngeal 1167, 1175 histiocytosis 3211 1140, 1142, 1967, 1997, 2004, 2018, 2023, – times of transmission 1169 – class I 3211 2034, 2052, 2323, 2348, 2438, 3034, herpes virus 1533, 1539 – class II 3214 3388, 3808 – type 6 1181 – class III 3215 hepatopulmonary syndrome 1968, 2052 – type 7 1181 – congenital self-healing 3212 hepatorenal herpes zoster 1185, 1188 – X 1734 – syndrome 2052, 2097, 2098 herpetic histone deactylase (hDac) 21 – tyrosinemia 2823 – gingivostomatitis 1732 HLA-B27 1601–1603 hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma (HSTCL) 1911 – whitlow 1535 HMG-CoA lyase activity 457 hepatosplenomegaly 527, 762, 1098, 1164, heteroplasmy 3536 Hodgkin lymphoma 3175, 3181 1183, 1972, 2050, 2952, 3349 heterotaxy syndrome 2253, 2302, 2303 Hodgkin’s disease 1164, 1721, 3084, 3203, 3207, hepatotoxicity 741, 2113, 2114 heterotopia 3286 4050 – drug-related 2115 – ossification 3600 – Ann Arbor staging 3207 herbal therapy 3891 heterozygote 13 – nodular sclerosing 3207 hereditary – compound 13 Holliday–Segar method 2649, 2651 – angioedema (HAE) 1283 hexachlorophene 89 holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) 457 – angioneurotic edema (HANE) 1338 hexokinase deficiency 2982 – deficiency 487 – complement deficiency 1618 hexosaminidase deficiency 544 holoprosencephaly 608, 3282, 3297 – coproporphyria (HCP) 564, 3064 Hickman-Broviac catheter 742 holotranscobalamin I 362 – elliptocytosis (HE) 367, 2988, 2990 Hidden Agenda 3841 Holt–Oram syndrome 2265 – fructose intolerance 2021, 2824 hidradenitis suppurativa 1464 Holter monitor 2462 – hypophosphatemic rickets with high altitude pulmonary edema 2166, 2168 home parenteral nutrition 742 hypercalciuria (HHRH) 3621 high central venous pressure 395 homeopathy 3892 – neuralgic amyotrophy (HNA) 3474 high oxygen affinity hemoglobins 3023, 3026 homeostasis 409 – neuropathy 3481, 3486 high-energy particulate air (HEPA) filter 3182 homocystinuria 498, 504 – sensory and autonomic 3485, high-flow subnasal oxygen 225 homoplasmy 2102, 3536 3488, 3489 high-frequency homozygote 13 – with liability to pressure palsies 3475 – flow interruption (HFFI) 245 honey bee 1415 – pyropoikilocytosis 367, 2988 – jet ventilation (HFJV) 245 hookworm 1074, 1077 – retinoblastoma 3162, 3245 – oscillation ventilation (HFOV) 245, 2522 – infestation 2967 – sensory and autonomic neuropathy – oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) 2532 Hopkins syndrome 3465 (HSAN) – percussive ventilation 245 horizontal gaze palsy with progressive scoliosis – HSAN I 3489–3491 – ventilation 3457, 3458 – HSAN II 3489, 3490 – complications 248 hormone 3609 – HSAN III 3489, 3490 high-performance liquid chromatography Horner syndrome 169, 332, 3228, 3389, – HSAN IV 3488–3490 (HPLC) 472 3471, 3472 – HSAN V 3489, 3490 high-pressure pulmonary edema 2163, 2165, hornet 1415 – spherocytosis (HS) 2971, 2985, 2987 2168, 2169 horseshoe kidney 2698 – stomatocytosis 2989 high-risk infant 177 hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) 837 – tyrosinemia type I 2029 – feeding 182 hospitalized patient 2649, 2650 – xerocytosis 2990 – gestational age assessment 180 hot tub folliculitis 1497 heredofamilial hypophosphatemia 2830 – hospital discharge planning 185 House–Brackman scale 167 Hering–Breuer inflation reflex 198 – late preterm infant 182 household products ingestion 2609 Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome (HPS) 1275, – physical examination 180 – alcohols 2611 1277, 1279, 3083 – thermoregulation 181 – anticholinesterases 2611 hernia 3859 highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) – caustics/corrosives 2610 herpangina 1540, 1735 336, 2101 – hydrocarbons 2610 4130 Subject Index

– nontoxic 2609 hydatid Hypericum perforatum 640 – organophosphates 2611 – cyst 1092, 1759 hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome 3085 – toxic 2610 – disease 1074, 1091, 1093, 1094 hyperinsulinemia 147, 347, 353, 357 Howell–Jolly bodies 2987 hydatidosis 1092–1094 hyperinsulinism 489 Hox gene 2126 hydrocarbon 2610 – of infancy 3809 human – inhalation 2231 hyperkalemia 295, 297, 2663, 2664, 2666, 2667, – bite 781 hydrocele 3859 2669, 2846–2849, 2851, 2889 – genome hydrocephalus 3281, 3308, 3591 hyperkinetic disorder 3339 – coding capacity 10 hydrogen secretion 2691 hyperlipidemia 774, 2026 – function 10 hydrolyze lactose 723 hypernatremia 191, 295, 297, 2653, 2658, – Human Genome Project 64 hydronephrosis 137, 2699, 2897, 2904 2854, 2855 – structure 10 hydrops hypernephroma 2061 – immune globulin 1252 – associated diagnoses 397 hyperosmolality 2655, 2658, 2855 – immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 334, 847, – cardiovascular disorders 398 hyperoxaluria 1734, 1907, 2861, 2864, 2868, 903, 1053, 1181, 1193, 2081, 3418 – fetalis 283, 284, 365, 395, 542, 2960, 3030 2880 – mother-to-child-transmission – genetic disorders 397 hyperoxia 197, 277, 414 (MTCT) 1195 – infectious diseases 399 – test 2311 – specific antiretroviral therapy (ART) – lymphatic disorders 398 hyperparathyroidism 764, 1740, 3625 1197 – maternal morbidities 399 hyperphenylalaninemia 492–494, 1770 – testing 334 hydroureteronephrosis 2698 hyperphosphatasia 766 – leukocyte antigen (HLA) system 3179 hydroxybutyric acid 487 hyperphosphatemia 295, 764, 3618 – metapneumovirus (hMPV) 2203 hydroxymethylbilane 562 hyperphosphatemic syndrome 2833 – milk (breast milk) 701 hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases 3678 hyperpigmentation 1521 – colostrum 703 hydroxyurea 78, 3036 hyperpyrexia 192, 946 – erythropoietin 704 hygroma 1740 hyperseborrhea 1447 – fortified 702 hymenolepis nana 1074 hypersensitive xiphoid syndrome 2154 – gastrointestinal health 704 hymenoptera 1415, 1416 hypersensitivity vasculitis 1699 – glycans 705 hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES) 1278, 1279, 1322, hypersexuality 641 – haptocorrin 705 1336 hypersomnia 3370 – heparin-binding epidermal growth hyper-IgM syndrome (HIGM) 1291, 1292, – idiopathic 3371 factor 704 1617, 1619 hypersplenism 1968 – hepatocyte growth factors 705 hyperactivity 618, 619 hypertension 2344, 2345, 2347–2349, 2739 – jaundice 703 hyperaldosteronism 2679–2681 hypertensive – mature milk 703 hyperammonemia 453, 462, 474 – encephalopathy 2745 – mucin 705 hyperammonemic devastating metabolic – target-organ damage 2730 – nucleotides 705 disease 463 hyperthyroidism 3349, 3797 – probiotic potential 704 hyperandrogenism 773 hypertonic dehydration 2516 – prostaglandins 705 hyperbilirubinema 140, 148, 153, 313, 315, 353, hypertrichosis 1505 – proteins 705 357, 368, 462, 1991, 2978, 3013 – acquired form 1506 – soluble CD14 704 – assessment 315 hypertrophic – transitional milk 703 – late preterm infant 184 – cardiomyopathy (HCM) 286, 2287, 2399, – unfortified 701 hypercalcemia 161, 3622 2459, 2465, 2469, 2470 – papilloma virus (HPV) 878, 1566, – associated with childhood malignancies – gastritis 1794 2198, 3161 such 3624 – osteoarthropathy (HOA) 1615 humeral – due to increased bone resorption 3624 hypertrophy of nasopharyngeal adenoid – fracture 168 hypercalciuria 741, 2706–2709, 2857, 2860 tissue 3962 – immune defect 1285 – idiopathic 2683 hyperuricemia 2026, 2824 – immune dysfunction 2556 hypercapnia 255, 2134 hyperuricosuria 2865 hungry bone syndrome 763 hypercarbia 2145 hyperviscosity 356 Hunter nodule 518 hyperchloremic acidosis 2000, 2823 hypervitaminosis A 753 Hunter syndrome 73, 518, 538, 547, 2221 hypercholesterolemia 1996, 2263, 3337 hyphema 393 Huntington’s disease 5, 62, 78, 3339, 3344, 3347 hyperekplexia 3299, 3320, 3353 hypnic Hurler syndrome 73, 515, 516, 524 hyperesthesia 609 – headache 3373 Hurler–Scheie syndrome 517, 547, 549 hyperfractionated external beam radiotherapy – jerk 3373 hyaline (HFRT) 3220 hypo-vitaminosis A 751 – body myopathy 3506 hypergammaglobulinemia 1196, 2084 hypoadrenocorticism 3683 – membrane disease 229 hyperglycemia 348, 349, 2566 hypoalbuminemia 476, 715, 1891, 1893, hyalomma tick 1130, 2542 hyperglycinemia 453 1908, 2055 hybrid – non-ketotic 3403 hypocalcemia 27, 357, 428, 477, – palliation 2350 hyperhemolytic event 3007 3321, 3613 – procedure 279, 2371, 2378 hyperhidrosis 1570 – of renal failure 3618 Subject Index 4131

– of rickets 761 hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis – GD1a 3480 – with low PTH level 3615 668, 1443, 1624, 3679 – GM1b 3480 hypocalcemic tetany 760 hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis 3791 – subclass deficiency 1294 hypocapnia 255 hypothalamo-neurophypophyseal system IIM 1649 hypochloremia 1866, 2300 (HNS) 3718 ileostomy 1921 hypochromic microcytic anemia 2953 hypothermia 184, 191, 192, 2240, 3368 ileum 1811 hypocitraturia 2857, 2861 – late preterm infant 184 iliotibial band syndrome 3945 hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis hypothyroidism 191, 315, 771, 2387, 2794, illicit drug use 401 syndrome (HUVS) 1697 3475, 3640, 3739, 3740, 3746, 3747, 3751, IMACS 1652 hypocretin 3381 3752, 3793 image-guided 3172 hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) 3459 hypothyroxinemia 3793 Imerslund–Gra¨sbeck syndrome 362 hypoglycemia 27, 146, 192, 347, 349, 353, 453, hypotonia 286, 2221, 2224, 3268, 3304, 3448 imipramine 649 2025, 2492, 3321, 3803 hypotonic dehydration 2515 immune – due to defects in gluconeogenesis 3813 hypotrichosis 1491 – complex 1413 – due to defects in hepatic glycogen release/ hypoventilation 2221, 2222, 2224 – dysregulation disorder 1307 storage 3813 hypovolemia 254, 266, 296, 2910, 2914 – neutropenia 375 – due to defects in ketone body synthesis/ hypovolemic shock 2498, 2517 – reactive trypsinogen (IRT) 2210 utilization 3815 hypoxemia 204, 2134, 2230, 2323, 2326, 2519, – reconstitution inflammatory syndrome – due to disorders of carnitine metabolism 2521, 3453 (IRIS) 2558 3814 hypoxia 122, 3308 – system 1265 – due to hormone deficiency 3812 hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) 192, – development 1265 – late preterm infant 184 383, 3310, 3402 immune-mediated thrombocytopenic purpura – miscellaneous causes 3815 (ITP) 371, 1239, 3107 – treatment 475 I immunization 1135, 1139, 1141, 1142 hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure I-cell disease 524 immuno phenotyping 3196 (HAAF) 3783 iatrogenic injury immunoCAP 1413 hypoglycemic encephalopathy 3411 – due to fetal monitoring 1433 immunodeficiency 847, 1413 hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 608 – due to forceps deliveries 1433 – cellular 1323 hypoinsulinemia 2025 – due to vacuum extractors 1433 – combined (CID) 1323 hypokalemia 297, 1866, 2300, 2663–2668, 2679, – during labor 1433 – evaluation 1327 2836, 3845, 3846 – during pregnancy 1432 immunodiagnosis 1094 hypomagnesemia 761, 3321, 3614, 3616 iatrogenic skin disorder after birth 1433 immunofluorescence (IF) 925 hypomania 641 ibuprofen 275 immunoglobulin 708, 2783 hypomelanosis of Ito 1521, 1522, 3285 ice pick headache 3275, 3587 immunologic disorder 2437 hyponasality 2130 icthyosin 1391 immunonutrition 729 hyponatremia 295, 1866, 2515, 2651–2654, identity 3824 immunosuppressant medication 4086 2656, 2702, 2886, 3734 idiopathic immunosuppressive hypoosmolality 2655 – childhood occipital epilepsy of Gastaut – disease 839 hypoparathyroidism 761, 3614, 3615 3329 – medications 2474 – isolated inherited 3615 – hypercalciuria 2683 immunotherapy 1409, 1410 – transient neonatal 3615 – hypersomnia 3367, 3371 impaired tubular sodium transport 2835 hypophosphatasia 766, 1728, 1734 – inflammatory myopathy 1649 imperforate hymen 675 hypophosphatemia 2827, 3613 – intracranial hypertension 3588 impetigo 1038, 1040, 1046, 1527 hypophosphatemic rickets 764, 3621 – juvenile 3627 implantable – with hypercalciuria 765 – ketotic hypoglycemia 3815 – arrhythmia device 2396 hypophosphatemic syndrome 2832 – nephrotic syndrome 2801 – cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) 2396, hypopigmentation 1521 – in children 2801 2468 hypoplastic – steroid-resistant 2803 imprinting center (ICR) – anemia 360 – steroid-responsive 2802 – ICR1 66 – left heart syndrome (HLHS) 2347, 2348, – Parkinson’s disease 3340 – hypermethylation 66 2372, 2377, 2449 – pneumonia syndrome 2235 – hypomethylation 66 – left-heart complex (HLHC) 2378 – stabbing headache 3275 – ICR2 66 hypoprothombinemia 3303 – thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) 1239, – hypomethylation 66 hyposmia 606 1310, 3075, 3139 imprinting control regions (ICRs) 66 hypospadia 145, 3362 idoxuridine 903 inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) 951 hyposthenuria 3014 IgA nephropathy 2706, 2708, 2709, 2749, inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) hypotension 267, 3385 2763, 2805 4, 3402 hypothalamic IGF-binding protein 3741 incest 672 – hamartoma 3636, 3637, 3641, 3642 IgG incidentaloma 3710 – hypogonadism 608 – anti-GM1 3480 incontinentia pigmenti 3289 – lesion 771 – GalNac-GD1a 3480 increased femoral anteversion 3905 4132 Subject Index

incubator 189 infective endocarditis (IE) 805, 963–965 interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase 4 – air temperature 190 inferior cleft sternum 4004 (IRAK-4) deficiency 1282 Individuals with Disability Act (IDEA) 579 inferior vena cava (IVC) 265, 413, intermittent indomethacin 275 2061, 2062 – hemodialysis 2916 indomethacin-responsive headache 3275 inflammation 3460 – mandatory ventilation 2526 indoor residual spraying (IRS) of insectizide inflammatory – positive pressure breathing (IPPB) 2246 1110 – arthritis of childhood 3913 internal infant/infantile – bowel disease (IBD) 815, 729, 1150, 1592, – jugular vein thrombosis 3148 – behavior 588 1754, 1793, 1876, 1901, 1983 – tibial torsion 3905 – colic 1833 – diarrheal syndrome 1848 internalizing disorder 637 – colic and feeding problems 583 – nasal disease 3961 International Myositis Assessment and Clinical – diabetic mother 286, 353, 3809 – plexopathy 3473 Studies Group (IMACS) 1652 – eczema 1391 infliximab 1606, 1910 interpersonal – fibrosarcoma 4064 influenza 826, 1199–1207 – therapy (IPT) 640 – glaucoma 3981 – pneumonia 2206 – violence 3877 – hemangioma 1555, 1556, 1559–1562, – vaccine 938 interrupted aortic arch 2339, 2344, 2345 4059 – virions 1200 intersex 3649 – hypertensive mothers 375 – virus 1199–1201, 1203, 1204, 1207, 1214 interstitial – hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) – 2009-H1N1 1209 – cells of Cajal (ICC) 1832, 1839 1799 influenza-associated encephalopathy 3410 – nephritis 2835 – Infant Flow Driver (IFD) 224 influenza-like illness (ILI) 1213 – pneumonitis 3258 – masturbation 3360 informed consent 409, 445 interventional 2367 – mortality rate 86 ingested fat 1823 intestinal obstruction 3992 – neonatal hypoglycemia 347 ingestion 1955, 1957 intestine/intestinal 303, 1811 – nephronophthisis 2813 inhalation lung injury 2229–2231 – allograft 1922 – nephrotic syndrome 2794 inhaled – digestive process 1813 – nutrition 701 – corticosteroids 1372, 1383 – epithelial dysplasia 1874 – onset panniculitis with systemic – nitric oxide (iNO) 205, 257, 2146 – failure syndrome 1919 granulomatosis 1718 – indications 257 – gene expression 723 – parotid hemangioma 4054 inherited bone marrow failure disorder 363, – infection 1071 – pyknocytosis 368, 2990 3095 – lymphangiectasia 1891–1894 – seborrheic dermatitis 1437 innate immune defect 1275 – malrotation 4016 – spasm 3329 innocent murmurs 2287 – motility 1832 infection 321 inotropes 267 – nematode 1077 – bacterial 1527 insect allergy 1415 – pseudo-obstruction 1842 – colonization with healthcare-acquired – shock 1415 – transplantation 1919 microorganisms 824 insomnia 3363, 3368 – allograft rejection 1922 – congenital 321 – idiopathic 3369 – immunosuppression 1921 – control 2185 – psychophysiological 3369 – multivisceral operation 1921 – foodborne 1859 inspiratory flow rate 242 – transport 725 – fungal 1061, 1543 insufficient milk syndrome 702 – trematodes 1080 – healthcare-associated 820 insulin 4077, 4107 – tumors 1956 – in cancer patients 849 – resistance 772 intra-abdominal injury 172 – in the immunocompromised host 847 – therapy 3764, 3768, 3769, 3773, 3778, intra-atrial reentry tachycardia 2392 – in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) 3780–3782 intracardiac thrombosis 3147 2537 insulin-like growth factor (IGF) 3740 intracranial – intestinal 1071 insulinoma 771 – aneurysm 2817 – neonatal 1041 INSURE 233 – hemorrhage 3102, 3307, 3358 – of the central nervous system 323 intact ventricular septum 2324 – infection 3578 – pneumococcal 1021 integrin-a7 deficiency 3518 – injury 3568 – protozoal 1071 613, 660 – pressure (ICP) 2525, 2534, 3563, 3568 – rickettsial 1025 – chromosomal and prenatal causes 615 intractable – Salmonella 1031 – cognitive test level 614 – diarrhea 1861 – schistosomal 1081 intelligence 613 – ulcerating enterocolitis 1863 – staphylococcal 1037 – quotient (IQ) 436 intrahepatic cholestatic syndrome 1963, – streptococcal 1045 intensity modulatd radiation therapy 3172 1996 – viral 1532 intention tremor 3354 intraoperative cholangiogram 1966 infectious interferon-g release assay 1057 intraparenchymal hemorrhage 3307, 3572 – disease 853 interleukin intrapartum – mononucleosis (IM) 1163, 1538, 1735 – IL-1b 1701 – asphyxia 400 – pericarditis 2552 – IL-2 signaling defect 1309 – fetal monitoring 102 Subject Index 4133 intrapulmonary percussive ventilation (IPV) isozyme of P450c11 3700 Kaposi varicellifom eruption 1536 2213, 2246 Ixodes spp. 1001 Kaposi’s sarcoma 1563, 3162 intrauterine kaposiform hemangioendothelioma 1563, 4060 – development 91 J Kartagener syndrome 2151, 2225, 2226 – diarrhea 1865 J receptor 198 karyotype 29, 31, 33, 41, 53 – fetal growth 178 Jacquet’s erosive dermatitis 1436 – G-banded 54 – fetal transfusion 331 jactatio capitis nocturna 3373 – parental 32 – growth restriction (IUGR) 9, 91, 93, 108, Jansen’s metaphyseal chondrodysplasia 3625 Kasabach–Merritt syndrome 1563, 1564, 2996, 109, 179, 348, 459, 1817 Jansky–Bielschowsky disease 524 3000, 3001, 4060 – infection 371 Jarisch–Herxheimer reaction 820 Katayama fever 1117, 1119, 1120, 1125 – intestinal secretion 1866 jaundice 140, 1133, 1134, 1136, 1137, 1140, Kawasaki syndrome 815, 818, 881, 885, 1253, intravenous 1142, 1967, 2034, 2051 1584, 1675, 1737, 2156, 3046 – fat emulsion (IVFE) 736, 739 jaw 1742 – aspirin 1680 – fluid 2649–2652 – tumor syndrome 3625 Kayexalate 2669 – prescription 291 Jehovah’s Witnesses 3055 Kayser–Fleischer ring 2034, 3348 – immunoglobulin (IVIG) 316, 3046, 3481 jejunal tube feeding 730 Kearns–Sayre syndrome 3687, 3764 intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) 105, 166, jejunoileal atresia 4012 keloid 1515 255, 381 jejunostomy 1833 keloidal folliculitis 1504 intrinsic factor deficiency 362 jejunum 1811 keratinocytes 1391, 1421 intussusception 1947, 4029 Jellinek’s pediatric symptoms checklist 579 blennorrhagicum 1480 – ileo-colic 1948 Jeppesen and Windfeld test 163 keratomalcia 752 invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD) 948, 949 Jervell-Lange-Neilsen syndrome 2394 kernicterus 2007–2009 inverse ratio ventilation (IRV) 2533 jet lag disorder 3370 Kernig sign 855 ion channel disorder 3532 jet ventilation 2146 Kernohan’s notch phenomenon 3391 ionized calcium 3611 jitteriness 154, 3298 kerosene lung injury 2229 IPEX syndrome 1308, 1618, 1619 Job syndrome 1392 ketoacidosis 482, 2565, 3781 iridocyclitis 1589, 1594 Johanson–Blizzard syndrome 1931 ketoconazole 1443, 1498, 2113 iris anomaly 3980 joint infection 791 3333 iron Jouberin 3425 ketoisocaproic acid 497 – absorption 2963 Joubert syndrome 2809, 2811, 3425, 3450 ketolactic acidosis 455, 457 – deficiency 361, 2953 jumper’s knee 3946 ketothiolase deficiency 482, 501, 509 – anemia 709, 750, 1793, 1898, 1903, junctional kidney 2929, 2930 2963, 2965 – bradycardia 2387 – as a metabolic organ 2695 – metabolism 2963 – ectopic tachycardia 2392 – as an excretory organ 2695 – poisoning 2621 juvenile – congenital anomalies 2697 – storage and recycling 2964 – absence epilepsy 3329 – endocrine function 2695 iron-deficiency anemia 1900 – chronic arthritis 1587 – fetal development 2697 irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) 1754, 1760, – dermatomyositis (JDM) 1649, 1650, – transplantation 2935 1835, 1877, 1900 1652–1654 – acute rejection episodes 2939 – effects of probiotics 1888 – fibromyalgia 1627 – cardiovascular problems 2944 irritant contact dermatitis 1467 – Huntington’s disease 3414 – chronic allograft dysfunction 2940 Isaac’s syndrome 3345 – idiopathic arthritis (JIA) 1583, 1587, – deceased donor ischemia 122, 3308 1721, 3627 2935 ischemic perinatal stroke (IPS) 3109 – localized scleroderma (JLS) 1657, 1659 – immunosuppression 2938 isofurans 217 – 3277 – infections after transplantation 2941 isoimmune neutropenia 3081 – nasopharyngeal angiofibroma 3963 – living transplantation 2935 isolated – nephronophthisis 2809, 2835, 2843 – reasons for graft failure 2939 – aniridia 3233 – periodontitis 1728, 1733 – technical aspects 2937 – atrial ectopy 2386 – pernicious anemia 749 – underlying diseases 2935 – hemihypertrophy 3233 – polyposis 1946 kinetic tremor 3354 – inherited hypoparathyroidism 3615 – rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) 567, 1587, kisspeptin 3631, 3632, 3734, 3639 – intestinal graft 1921 3913, 3933 Kite’s angle 3939 – renal salt wasting 2835 – scleroderma 1657 Klebsiella 337, 835 isoosmolality 2655 – systemic sclerosis (JSSc) 1657 – pneumoniae 824, 2538 isopropanol 2597 – xanthogranuloma 3215, 3981 Kleihauer-Betke test 399, 2959 isopropyl alcohol 2597 Kleine–Levin syndrome 3371 isoprostanes 217 K Klinefelter syndrome 3, 41, 53, 3256, 3662, 3669 Isospora belli 1853 1993 Klippel–Feil anomaly 3345 isotonic dehydration 2515 kala azar 1098 Klippel–Tre´naunay syndrome 1558, 1568, 4064 isotretinoin 1460 Kallman syndrome 608, 3633–3635 Klumpke’s palsy 169, 3471, 3604 isovaleric acidemia 455 kangaroo care 339 knee ankle foot orthosis 3598 4134 Subject Index

knee disorder 3945 – weakness 3302 Letterer–Siwe disease 1734, 3211 Kocher–Cushing reflex 3385 – web 2178 leucoblastic vasculitis 2765 Koebner’s phenomenon 1422, 1438, 1479 laryngomalacia 2177 leucocytoclastic vasculitis 1671 koebnerization 1482 laryngotracheobronchitis 2546 leukemia 2077, 3913 Koenen tumor 1514 Lassa fever 2542 leukemic lymphoblast 3195 Kohler’s disease 3940 Lassa virus 1129 leukocoria 3251, 3983 koilonychia 1509, 1511 late post-polio syndrome 1244 leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) 1277, Konno aortoventriculoplasty 2374 late preterm infant 182 1279, 1322, 1336, 3083 Koplic spot 882, 1223 – apnea 184 leukocytosis 808, 1202, 2771 Kostmann syndrome 1275, 1278, 3080 – feeding 184 leukocyturia 2879 Krabbe disease 73, 515, 530, 538, 544 – rehospitalization 183 leukodystrophy 3406 Krebs cycle 3535 late-onset lactase deficiency 1875 leukoencephalopathy 3406 Kugelberg–Welander disease 536, 3466, 3526 lateral periodontal cyst 1739 leukokororia 598 Kussmaul breathing 1758 lateral sinus thrombosis 870 leukomalacia 3311 kwashiorkor 711, 716, 717, 2055, 3751 latex allergy in children 1417 leukonychia 1511 – edema 715 learning leukopenia 1635 kyphosis 3922, 3923 – classical conditioning 585 leukoplakia 1737 – deformity 1056 – disability 628, 3644 leukotriene Kyrle’s disease 1486 – language-based 629 – modifiers 1374, 1384 – disorder 3274 – receptor antagonist 1368 L – operant conditioning 585 levamisole 2803 L-arginine 206, 463 – social/observational learning 585 Leydig cells 3650 L-carnitine 477 Leber congenital amaurosis 2811 – aplasia 3660 L-transposition of the great arteries (L-TGA) Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy 3550 – hypoplasia 3660 2448 LeCompte maneuver 2379 Li–Fraumeni syndrome 3162, 3241, 3245 lack hepatosplenomegaly 800 left heart obstructive lesion 2336 Libman–Sacks endocarditis 1634, 1644 lacrimal left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) 2730 Lice 1550–1552 – drainage system 3978 left ventricular non-compaction 2468, 2459 lichen – duct stenosis 154, 393 left ventricular outflow tract obstruction – aureus 1483 lactase 306 (LVOTO) 2374, 2379 – nitidus 1482 – deficiency 1753, 1875 left ventricular output (LVO) 271 – planus 1481, 1512, 1737 lactate dehydrogenase enzyme 369 left-to-right shunt 2295, 2305 – sclerosus et atrophicus 674, 1525, 1526 lactic acidosis 1917, 2026 leg ulcer 3015 – striatus 1483, 1525 Lactobacillus 1889 Legg–Calve–Perthes disease 3911, 3933, 3934 lichenification 1391 – rhamnosus 1888 Leigh encephalomyelopathy 461 lid droop 3978 lactobezoars 1795 Leigh syndrome 3344, 3404, 3408 Liddle’s syndrome 2678–2681, 2729, 2733, 2840 lactose 708 Leishmania 1097 lidocaine 421 Ladd’s procedure 4017 leishmaniasis 1097 light emitting diode (LED) 1955 3419 – cutaneous 1099 Lignac–Fanconi syndrome, see Fanconi Lambert channels 2142 – mucocutaneous 1100 syndrome lamellar bodies 2127 – recidivans 1099 limb deep venous thrombosis 3147 laminin 3517 – visceral 1098 limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) 2267, – laminin-a2 deficiency 3522 leishmanin skin test (LST) 1100 3445, 3523 laminopathy 3525, 3526 Lemierre’s syndrome 3148 limb-length discrepancy 3906 lamivudine 334, 917, 2080 Lene`gre disease 2402 limping child 3909 Landau–Kleffner syndrome 660, 3270, 3273, Lennox–Gastaut syndrome 3329, 3333, 3404 Lindamood–Bell program 631 3413 lens linear scleroderma 1660 Langerhans cell 1391 – dislocation 3982 linezolid 839, 900 – histiocytosis 3211, 3724 – disorder 3982 linkage analysis 64 language lentigines 1520 linoleic acid 736 – deviancy 622 LEOPARD syndrome 1520, 2265 lipase 309 – disorder 622, 625 leprosy 2077, 2376, 3477, 3486 – deficiency 1931 – dissociation 622 leptomeningeal cyst 3577 lipid 3775 – delayed development 626 Lesch–Nyhan syndrome 76, 2873, 3344 – absorption 309 lansoprazole 3359 lesion – digestion 309 LARGE congenital muscular dystrophy 3521 – exanthematous 881 – metabolism 1961 35 – macular 881 liplicker dermatitis 1467 larval pneumonitis 1122 – maculopapular 881 lipoatrophy 3782 laryngeal – nodular 881 lipohypertrophy 3782 – masks (LMA) 130 – purpuric 882 lipoid adrenal hyperplasia 3659 – nerve injury 167 – ulcerglandular 882 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antigen 967 Subject Index 4135 lipoprotein lipase (LPL) 734 – community-based rehabilitation (CBR) lymphocytic Lisch nodule 3981 684 – choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) 799, lissencephaly 3286 – health-care system 682 1002, 1129 Listeria monocytogenes 337, 997, 2538 – training of community workers on child – vasculitis 1483 listeriosis 997 development 685 lymphocytosis 1164 little leaguer’s low-copy repeats (LCRs) 45 lymphogranuloma venerum 968, 971 – elbow 3950 Lowe’s syndrome 2824, 2825 lymphoid – shoulder 3951 lower esophageal sphincter (LES) 1775, 1787 – interstitial pneumonia 2558 Little’s disease 380 lower extremity injury 172 – organ development 1265 live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) 938 lower gastrointestinal bleeding 1943 – tumor 1951 live polio vaccine 950 lower respiratory tract infection 2548 lymphoma 1951 Livedo reticularis 1641, 1643–1645 lower urinary tract obstruction 2699 lymphomatoid papulosis 1484 liver 1959, 2033–2040 loxapine 654 lymphonodular hyperplasia 1951 – abscess 2109 Lucky Luke dermatitis 1436 lyonization 16, 65 – biopsy 1966, 1976, 1997, 2043 Ludwig’s angina 2195 lysosomal – disease 1635, 2817, 3105, 3141 lumbar – ezyme phosphorylation disorder 524 – failure 2095–2097, 2099 – lordosis 759 – storage disease 4, 515, 542, 3402, 3406 – fibrosis 2044 – puncture 420, 3187 – bone marrow transplantation (BMT) – FibroTest (FT) 2044 lumbosacral 550 – Forns’ index 2044 – plexopathy 3474 – CNS involvement 543 – flukes 1080 – plexus injury 3301 – deficient enzymes 545 – function test (LFT) 1164, 1984 lung – gene therapy 551 – injury 2113 – development 195, 2125 – prenatal diagnosis 548 – drug-induced (DILI) 2113 – disease 2211 – supportive measures 547 – metabolic function 1961 – fluke 1081 – transport disorder 536 – microscopic evaluation 1966 – hypoplasia 211, 248 lysteriolysin O 998 – phosphorylase deficiency 2029 – hysteresis 246 – quantitative function tests 1976 – mechanics 195 M – round ligament 1960 – morphogenesis 2125 M protein 1045 – steatosis 773 lung-to-head ratio (LHR) 212 Macaca fascicularis 1103 – transplantation 73, 499, 567, 1967, 1992, lupus MacArthur communicative development 2005, 2009, 2010, 2071, 2106, 2116, – anticoagulant 1641–1643 inventories (CDI) 433 2119, 3141 – erythematosus 1737 Machado–Joseph disease 3347, 3435, 3438 – infections 2122 – disease activity index (SLEDAI) 2779 macrocephaly 483, 4064 – living-related liver grafts 2121 – nephritis 2773 macrocytic anemia 2952, 2955 – reduced size 2120 – rescue therapy 2785 macrodontia 1730 – rejection 2121 – vasculopathy 2774 macroglossia 517, 549, 2176, 2222, 2223 – tumor 3239 lupus-like syndrome 1629 macrohematuria 2751, 2752 lobar nephronia 2888 luteinizing hormone (LH) 3609, 3631 macrolide 897 locked-in syndrome 3380 Lutzomyia 1097 macronutrients 3771 Loeys–Dietz syndrome 2269 Lyme macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) long acting beta-agonists 1384 – arthritis 1003, 3912 1588 long bone fracture 3953 – borreliosis 1001 macropinocytosis 1035 long QT syndrome 620, 2393, 2394, 2403 – disease 818, 854, 1001, 2385, 3461 macrosomia 355 long-chain polyunsaturated (LCP) fatty acid – meningitis 856, 1003 macrothrombocytopenia 3107 310, 709 – neuroborreliosis 3477 macule 881 Long-Evans cinnamon (LEC) rat 2039 lymphadenitis 929, 1046 magic bullet 2312 loop lymphadenopathy 881, 962, 963, 3214 magnetic resonance – 667 – submandibular 1175 – cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) – ileostomy 1921 lymphangiectasia 397, 398, 1878, 1981 – of Henle 295 1891–1894 – imaging (MRI) 2138 loop-mediated isothermal amplification lymphangioma 1557, 1740, 3999 maintenance fluid therapy 2649–2652, 2649 (LAMP) 1108 lymphatic Majeed’s syndrome 1709 loose anagen hair syndrome (LAS) 1493 – disease 1055, 1893 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) Lorenzo’s oil 3414 – lacteals 1893 1267 Losartan 78 – malformation 1555, 1557, 4063 – class I deficiency 1302 low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) 276, 281 – vessel dysplasia 397 – class II deficiency 1302 low- and middle-income (LAMI) countries 681 lymphedema 34, 1892 malabsorption 1823, 1891, 1892, 3751 – child development 682 lymphoblastic lymphoma 3203 – due to intestinal diseases 1824 – child testing methods 683 lymphocyte 63 – due to lymphatic and vascular – classification systems 683 – activation defect 1302 disorders 1825 4136 Subject Index

– due to pancreatic diseases 1824 maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy – screening tests 1826 3763 3407 – syndrome 733, 762 Mauriac syndrome 3751 megaloblastic anemia 750, 2951, 2952, malar rash 1631 May–Hegglin anomaly 3076, 3083, 3107 2954 malaria 1103, 2543, 3006 May–Thurner anomaly 3148 megaureter 2903 – rapid diagnostic test (RDT) 1108 McArdle disease 3539 meiosis 45 Malassezia furfur 1437, 1498, 1523, 1547 McCune–Albright syndrome 766, 3622, 3636, Meissner’s plexus 1812 male pseudohermaphroditism 3657 3637, 3641, 3642, 3701, 3797 melanoma 1567, 1570 malformation 26 mean arterial pressure (MAP) 2534 melanonychia 1511 – non-syndromic 37 measles 882, 1221, 1532, 3417 melanosome 1517 – of the central nervous system 30 – atypical 1224 MELAS (mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, malignant – in the immunecompromised host 1225 lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes) – bone tumor 3245 – inclusion body encephalitis (MIBE) 3405 – lymphoma 1741 1223, 1224 melatonin 381, 3366, 3892 Mallory–Weiss syndrome 1941, 2072 – modified 1223 melena 1939, 1944 malnourishment 713 – vaccine 940, 1226 melody valve 2371 malnutrition 711, 1820, 1968, 3751 measles-containing vaccines (MMR) 941 membrane defect 367 – behavioral deficits 718 measles–mumps–rubella–varicella (MMRV) membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis – edematous 717 vaccine 1191 (MPGN) 2804 – in chronic dietassociated infantile mechanical ventilation 237, 2525 membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) 2804 diarrhea (McDAID) 1862 – cardiac function 2535 Mendel’s law of segregation 14 – non-edematous 716 – complications 251 Mendelian malrotation 3994 – conventional 237 – inheritance 17, 61 maltase 306 – high-frequency ventilation (HFV) 245 – syndrome 2309 mandible 1742 – in patients with bronchial asthma 2533 Me´ne´trier’s disease 1794 mandibulofacial dysostosis 1744 – in patients with head injury 2534 meningitis 337, 853, 869, 991, 1013, mannitol 3576 – in patients with increased intracranial 2552, 3589 mannosidosis pressure 2534 – aseptic 1243 – a-mannosidosis 525 – indications 237 – bacterial 1012 – b-mannosidosis 526 – invasive 2528 – belt 860 maple syrup urine disease 451, 464, 3302, – neurologic injury 255 – caused by CONS 1042 3453, 3808 – noninvasive 2528 – chemoprophylaxis 860 marasmus 711, 716 – pressure-cycled 2527 – intracranial complications 869 marble bone disease 557 – synchronized 237 – pneumococcal 1021 Marburg virus 1130 – treatment of status asthmaticus 2534 meningococcemia 1012, 1013, 1530, 3143, 3153 marenostrin 1705 – ventilator humidifier 2531 meningococcus 1011 5, 14, 25, 35, 77, 2267, 3921 – volume-cycled 2526 – vaccine 942 Marie–Unna hypotrichosis 1492 – weaning 2531 meningoencephalitis 963, 965 marijuana 406, 3871 Meckel–Gruber syndrome 2809 Menke’s disease 467, 468, 478, 1494 Marinesco–Sjoegren syndrome 3431, 3522 Meckel’s diverticulum 1945, 4030, 4031 menometrorrhagia 3847 Maroteaux–Lamy syndrome 73, 515, 521, meconium menorrhagia 3136, 3847 531, 548 – aspiration syndrome (MAS) 126, 196, menstrual irregularity 3847 massage 3892 202, 247, 2257 mental mast cell stabilization 1384 – ileus 3994, 3995, 4015, 4019 – health 3865 mastoidectomy with tympanoplasty 868 – plug syndrome 4020 – staff in school settings 695 mastoiditis 869 median rhomboid glossitis 1736 – retardation (MR) 515, 613 masturbation 3360 mediastinal tumor 3256 Mentzer index 3035 maternal medical mercaptoacetyl triglycine (MAG3) 2700 – autoimmune thrombocytopenia 371 – nutrition therapy 3764, 3771 mercaptoacetyltriglycine 2900 – depression 682 – treatment 73 merosin 3522 – diabetes 353, 370, 2276 medication 4073 merozoites 1104 – hypertension 370 Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF) 1025 MERRF (myoclonic epilepsy, ragged red fiber – lifestyle study (MLS) 405 medium-chain syndrome) 3405 – medication 371, 2276 – acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency 484 mesalamine 1905 – serum aflatoxin 704 – triglycerides 1891, 1894 mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) infusion 73 – serum alphafetoprotein (MSAFP) 93 medullary cystic kidney disease 2809, 2835 mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) 3328 maternally inherited diabetes and deafness medulloblastoma 3175, 3217, 3218 mesoblastic nephroma 3234 syndrome (MIDD) 3764 megacystis-microcolon-intestinal messenger RNA (mRNA) 63, 78 math computation weakness 632 hypoperistalsis syndrome (MMIHS) 1843 Mestinon 3496 mathematical disorder 629 megakaryocyte 3067 metabolic matrix (MMP) 1676 megakaryopoiesis 372 – abnormality 3316 Subject Index 4137

– acidosis 299, 2025, 2566, 2671–2675, 2825 microscopic – prolapse 2269, 2290 – alkalosis 299, 2677 – observation susceptibility test (MODS) – stenosis 2337 – chloride-resistant 2679 1057 – valvuloplasty 2367 – chloride-sensitive 2679 – polyangiitis 1692 mixed disease (MCTD) 1669 – disease Microsporum 1544 mixed metabolic alkalosis and respiratory – gene information 507 microstomia 2176 acidosis 2680, 2682 – outcome 510 microthrombocytopenia 1311 mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL) 3196 – specialized biochemical tests 504 microvillous Mobitz conduction block 2384 – inhibition 77 – atrophy 1862 modified checklist of autism in toddlers – liver disease 2017 – inclusion disease 1874, 1862 (M-CHAT) 578 – myopathy 3534 miction cysturethrogram 2935 Moebius – pathway modification 74 micturating cystourethrogram (MCUG) – sequence 3301 – screening 149 2889 – syndrome 167, 3268, 3457, 3459 – syndrome 356, 773, 3376 midazolam withdrawal syndrome 3361 Mogave rattlesnake 2631 metabolism midgut volvulus 4016 moisturizer 1578 – inborn errors 515 Miglustat 77 molecular metachromatic leukodystrophy 531, 544, 550 migraine headache 1772, 1836, 3275, – adsorbent recirculating system (MARS) metamorphopsia 3581 3276, 3581 2099, 2644 metastatic breast cancer 2440 migratory polyarthritis 2428 – genetics 61, 2037, 2039 metatarsus milia 140, 1429 – mechanism treatment 77 – adductus 3905, 3937 miliaria 1428 – testing 30, 36 – varus 3937 – crystallina (Sudamina) 1428 – indications 61 metformin 775, 2089 – profunda 1428 Mollaret’s meningitis 874 methamphetamine 406 – pustulosa 1428 molluscum contagiosum 1513, 1541, 1566 methanol 2598 – rubra (Prickly Heat) 1428 Mongolian spot 142, 668, 1517, 1518, 1569 – intoxication 2674 military 1494 methemoglobinemia 364, 369, 2312 – health-care system 3897 monitoring diabetes control 3775 methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus – service 3897 monoamine oxidase-A activity 651 (MRSA) 838 milker’s nodule 1513 monoarthritis 1584, 1592 methionine synthase 748 Miller Fischer variant of GBS 3476, 3480 monobactam 899 methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MECP2) 21 Miller–Dieker syndrome 3286 monocytosis 375, 998, 3083 methylation defect 66 milrinone 205, 267 monogenic disorder 26, 32, 35 methylcitric acid 478 mind–body therapy 3892 monoiodotyrosine 3792 methylglutaconic aciduria 458, 467, 501 mineral concentrations 709 monomorphic ventricular tachycardia 2393 – with extrapyramidal tract signs 481 mineralocorticoids 3675, 3676, 3678, 3681, mononeuritis 3477 methylmalonic acidemia 454 3684, 3689, 3690, 3691, 3697 mononucleosis-like syndrome 325 methylprednisolone 2765 minipercutaneous nephrolithotomy 2874 monosomy 41 methylxanthines 214 minoxidil 1506 – X syndrome 39 metoclopramide 3359 miracidia 1081 Monroe–Kellie hypothesis 3391 metronidazole 900 mirror syndrome 331, 399 Montenegro test 1100 metrorrhagia 3847 miscellaneous Montgomery’s glands 701 Metzenbaum’s sign 163 – allergy 1417 mood disorder 638, 641 mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD) 1705 – disorder 469, 3434 morbilliform 1413 mevalonic aciduria 1706 – immunodeficiency 1315, 1338 Morbillivirus 1221 microalbuminuria 2714 65 Moro reflex 154, 169, 453, 3268, 3296, 3471 microangiopathic mitochodriopathy 1770 morphea 1659 – disorder 369 mitochondrial – circumscribed (CM) 1660 – hemolytic anemia 2995 – depletion syndrome (MDS) 2103, 2104 – en coup de sabre variety (ECDS) 1661 microangiopathy 2998, 2999 – disease 3537 – generalized 1660 323, 325, 3283 – maternal inheritance 21 – pansclerotic 1661 microchip assay 926 – with ataxia 3434 morphologic classification of anemia 2952 microcytic anemia 3033 – disorder 3404 Morquio syndrome 520, 531, 538, 544, 547 – hypochromic 2953 – hepatopathy 2101, 2104 mosaic Turner syndrome 653 microdeletion syndrome 4, 39, 43, 44, – inherited recessive ataxia syndrome mosaicism 53, 61, 63 52, 54 (MIRAS) 3430 – low-grade 53 microduplication syndrome 4, 54 mitochondrion 21, 2101 mosquito 1104 micrognathia 1743, 2177, 2222, 3305 mitochondropathy 488 motility disorder 1877 microhomology-mediated break-induced mitral motion artifact 2355 replication (MMBIR) 47, 48 – regurgitation 2269 motor microlissencephaly 3283 – stenosis 2337, 2431 – dysfunction 445 microretrognathia 25, 37 – valve – skills 573 4138 Subject Index

– unit disease 3445 – crescendo-decrescendo 2284, 2288 myopathy 1649 – electrophysiological investigation – diastolic flow rumbles 2285 myopia 598 3447 – diastolic regurgitant 2285 storage myopathy 3506 mouth breathing 1731 – evaluation 2290 myositis 1649, 1650, 1652–1654 movement disorder 1644, 3339 – frequency 2285 – associated antibodies (MAA) 1649 Mowat–Wilson syndrome 4019 – holosystolic 2284 – specific antibodies (MSA) 1649 Moya Moya disease 3223 – innocent 2287 myotilinopathy 3525 Mucha-Habermann disease 1616 – loudness 2285 myotonia 3300, 3530 Muckle–Wells syndrome 1703 – maneuvers 2286 – congenita 3532 mucocele 1738, 1979 – of aortic stenosis 2289 – potassium-aggravated 3533 mucocutaneous candidiasis 1338, 1736 – pathologic 2288 myotonic dystrophy 387, 3452, 3529 mucolipidosis 3979 – quality 2285 myotubular myopathy 3507 – II 524 – to-and-fro 2285 myozyme 3540 – III 525 muscle mucopolysaccharidosis 515, 3475, 3979 – atrophy 387 N – type ICH 516 – biopsy 1649–1653, 3522 N-acetyl galactosamine 2750 – type IH/IS 517 – fasciculation 3300 N-acetyl-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI) 2114 – type II 518 – fiber necrosis 3511 N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI) – type IS 518 – receptor 198 2593 – type VI 521 muscle-eye-brain (MEB) disease 3268, 3287, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) 2594 – type VII 521 3519 NAAT 877 – types IIIA, B, C, D 519 muscular NADPH-methemoglobin reductase 369 – types IVA, B 520 – dystrophy 2265, 3445, 3509, 3912 Nager syndrome 2177 mucosa-associated lymphoid tumor (MALT) – childhood-onset form 3516 nail lymphoma 1809 – hypotonia 760 – avulsion 1515 mucosal immune system 725 musculoskeletal disease 1632 – benign tumors 1514 mucositis 3181, 3187 Mustard or Senning procedure 2447 – biopsy 1515 mucus mutation 13 – changes – clearing 2149 – of HOXA1 3459 – in infants 1509 – rheology 2149 myalgia 1632 – in school children 1511 Mu¨llerian myasthenia gravis 387, 3452, 3495, 3497 – chromosomal anomalies 1510 – duct 3655 mycetoma 1115 – disorder 1509 – inhibitory substance 3650 Mycobacterium – eczema 1512 multi-system vasculitis 1677 – avium complex (MAC) 2558 – infections 1513 multichannel intraluminal impedance 1788 – bovis 929 – infestations 1513 multidimensional family therapy (MDFT) – leprae 3477 – psoriasis 1512 3874 – tuberculosis 854, 887, 1053, 3382 – signs 1511 multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli 900 mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) 2085, 2775, nail–patella syndrome 2806 multifactorial disorder 5 2782, 2803 nailfold capillary loops 1652 multileaf collimator 3173 Mycoplasma pneumoniae 972, 974, 1005, 2204 Naloxone 2586 multiminicore disease 3506 – extrapulmonary manifestation 1007 NALP12-associated periodic fever syndrome multiorgan failure (MOF) 2497 – infections 3461 1704 multiple – respiratory tract 1006 narcolepsy 3367, 3370 – acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency mycosis fungoides 1484, 1525 narcotizing enterocolitis (NEC) 1042 (MADD) 458 Mycosporum canis 1497 nasal – carboxylase deficiency (MCD) 455 MyD88 deficiency 1282 – breathing 2195 – endocrine neoplasia 67, 3625 myectomy 2374 – continuous positive airway pressure – gestation 95, 109 myelination disorder 3288 (NCPAP) 2184, 2200 – respiratory chain defect 2103 myelodysplasia 3093, 3918 – deformity 3960 – sclerosis (MS) 3547 373, 376, 3018 – foreign bodies 2196 – sleep latency test (MSLT) 3367 myelokathexis 3081 – intermittent positive airway pressure – sulfatase deficiency 531 myelomeningocele 97, 3281, 3601 (NIPPV) 224 multiplex ligationdependent probe – ultrasound images 97 – obstruction 3959, 3960 amplification (MLPA) 64 myeloperoxidase deficiency (MPO) 1278, 3087 – polyp 3962 multisystem failure syndrome 3015 myeloproliferative disease 3037 – septal dislocation 163 multivitamine 737 myenteric plexus 1839 – trauma 225, 2195, 3961 mumps 1229, 1738 myoadenylate deaminase deficiency 3537 nasogastric (NG) tube 730 – vaccine 943 myocardial stun 258 nasolacrimal duct Munchausen’s syndrome by proxy 819, 1880 myocarditis 1238, 2402, 2463, 2551 – cyst 2175 MURCS association 25 myoclonus 3299, 3330, 3341, 3350, 3356 – obstruction 3978 murmur 2257, 2275, 2282 myoglobinuria 2705 nasomaxillary complex 1742 Subject Index 4139 nasopalatine duct cyst 1739 – ethical questioning 442 Neu Laxova syndrome 397 nasopharyngeal carcinoma 1164 – patients 442 neural tube defect 94 nasopharynx 2130 – prognostication 443 neuralgic amyotrophy 3471, 3473 natalizumab 3550 – lupus 1637, 1638 neurally adjusted ventilator assist (NAVA) 240 natural killer cell (NK cell) – mortality rate 86 neuroacanthocytosis 3344 – defects 1280 – myocardium 262 neuroaxonal dystrophy 532 – development 1269 – myoclonic encephalopathy 3404 neurobehavioral disorder 3274 natural penicillin 892 – Network Neurobehavioral Score – rating scales 3274 Navajo neurohepatopathy 2104 (NNNS) 154 neuroblastoma 3227, 3999 near drowning 2239 – neurological disorders 3291 – tumor 3352 Necator americanus 1077 – motor examination 3297 neuroborreliosis 3461, 3478 neck masses 4045 – neurological examination 3296 neurobrucellosis 963 necrotizing – sensory examination 3298 neurocystercircosis 1084, 3325 – enterocolitis (NEC) 105, 267, 281, 291, – 379 neurodevelopmental 308, 310, 1889, 1944, 2960 – neutrophils 3085 – follow-up 431 – glomerulonephritis 1692 – nutrition 305 – age 431 – soft tissue infection 2545 – porphyria 3064 – eligibility 431 – vasculitis 1678 – program 88 – outcome 431, 434 needle aspiration of the pleural space 421 – respiratory support 223 – behavioral outcomes 43 negative-pressure pulmonary edema 2166, – resuscitation program (NRP) 446 – educational outcomes 437 2168 – sclerosing cholangitis 1993 – psychological outcomes 437 Neisseria – screening 472 – very low birth weight infants 434 – gonorrhoeae 153, 391, 873, 874, 969, 1011, – seizures 384, 3315–3322 neuroendocrine tumor 1878 2538, 3851 – sepsis 336, 370 neurofibromatoma 1740 – infection 1011 – skin 1425 neurofibromatosis 3162, 3241, 3918, 3921 – meningitidis 783, 853, 1011, 1338, 1530, – stupor 467 – type I 3288 2538, 3382 – surgical palliation 2350 – type II 3289 – species 875 – thrombocytopenia 3106 neurogenesis 687 3504 – transition 2255 neurogenic pulmonary edema 2166, 2169 nematode infection 1077 85 neuroimaging 618 NEMO deficiency 1282 – bioethics 441 neurological examination 3272 neonatal – decision-making 441 – global developmental delay 3272 – abstinence syndrome (NAS) 404, 3298 – ethics 441 – specific developmental delay 3272 – acne 140 – evolution 441 neurological problem 3267 – adrenoleukodystrophy 467 neoplasm 1555, 3913 neurology 379 – alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) – of the nasal cavity 3963 neuromuscular 371, 3107 neoplastic adenopathy 4050 – disease 2245 – anemia 359 neoprene cement allergen 1472 – disorder 3445 – arrhythmia 282 nephrectomy 2794 – transmission disorder 3493 – brain death determination 3312 nephrin 2716, 2793 neuromyelitis optica 3550 – cholestasis 1987 nephritic syndrome 2752, 2773 neuronal – circumcision 1435 nephritis 1633 – ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) 523, – conjunctivitis 968, 970, 3976 nephroblastoma 726 3408, 3434 – corneal opacity 3979 nephrocalcinosis 1865, 1866, 2027, 2857, 2867, – juvenile form 524 – dermatosis 1426 3844–3849, 3851 – late infantile form 524 – desquamation 1427 nephrogenesis 290, 291, 300 – Santavuori type 523 – diabetes mellitus 3759, 3764 nephrogenic diabetes insipidus 2853, 3728 – migration disorder 3286 – encephalopathy 20, 3315 nephrolithiasis 2013, 2857, 2869 – plasticity 687 – flutter 2392 nephron hyperfiltration 2835 – proliferation disorder 3282 – follow-up program 431 nephronophthisis 2809 neuropathy of infectious disease 3475 – hematology 359 nephropathy 2796 neuropraxia 3471 – hemochromatosis 2095–2097, 2099 nephrotic syndrome 2714, 2716, 2720, 2744, neuropsychiatric disease 1633 – hepatitis syndrome 1996, 2056 2764, 2773, 2793, 2921 neurorehabilitation 3595 – herpes infection 1535 – idiopathic 2795 neurotransmitter-related disorder 3403 – hyperglycemia 349 – in children 2799 neurovascular dystrophy 1625 – hypoglycemia 347, 353 nephrotoxicity 896 neurovisceral porphyria 3062 – infant pain scale (NIPS) 382 nerve conduction velocity 3447, 3454 neutral endopeptidase (NEP) 2797 – infection 1041 nerve injury 166 neutropenia 112, 326, 362, 374, 455, 849, 1063, – intensive care unit (NICU) 382, 409 nesidioblastosis 469 2026, 2555 – borderline of viability 443 net acid excretion 2694 – alloimmune 375 – cost-effectiveness 446 Netherton’s syndrome 1494 – associated with metabolic diseases 3081 4140 Subject Index

– cyclic 1278 nitric oxide (NO) 262 nonrespiratory disease 2134 – drug-induced 1154, 3081 – synthase (NOS) 262 nonscarring alopecia 1491 – infection 374 nitrogen scavenger 76 nonsense mutation 65 – isoimmune 375 NMDA receptor 383 nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia 2976 – syndrome 3099 Nocardia 1115 nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs – X-linked 1278 – asteroides 1115 (NSAIDs) 274, 1584, 1606, 1672, 1807 neutrophilia 3082 nocardiosis 1087, 1115 nonstress testing (NST) 99 nevus nocturnal nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) 1055 – anemicus 1521 – enuresis 3372 nonverbal intelligence test 616 – depigmentosus 1521 – groaning 3373 Noonan syndrome 35, 1878, 2264, 2333, 2335, – flammeus 141, 1568 – oximetry 2418 2335, 2340, 3750 – of Ota 1519, 1569 – seizure 3372 norepinephrine 620, 621 New Ballard score 138, 180 nodule 881 normal eating 3829 newborn screening 3698 non-allergic rhinitis with eosinophils (NARES) normal hematologic values 2950 newborn, see newly born infant 1365 normocytic anemia 2952 newly born infant non-anion gap acidosis 2674 normoglycemia 736 – at risk 124 non-germinomatous germ cell tumor 3221 normokalemia 2569 – causes of hypotension 266 non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) 2943, 3162, normophosphatemia 2926 – circulation 131 3181, 3203, 4052 noro-calicivirus 1253 – delivery room 124 non-immune hydrops 396 norovirus 1253, 1849 – discontinuing resuscitation 134 non-Mendelian inheritance 62 – Kaplan criteria 1255 – evaluation 124 non-overgrowth syndrome 3233 Norwalk virus 1253 – feeding 132, 149 non-polio enterovirus 1231 Norwegian scabies 1550 – general supportive management 132 non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep 3371 Norwood – gestational age 138 – disorders of arousal 3371 – palliation 2350 – growth assessment 138 non-rhabdomyosarcomatous soft tissue – procedure 279, 2377 – history 137 sarcoma (NRSTS) 3243 nosebleed, see epistaxis – infections 321 non-shivering thermogenesis 187 nosocomial infection 308, 824 – initial resuscitation 134 non-traumatic coma 3395 – antibiotics 824 – maternal history 137 nonadhesive activating receptor 3071 – associated with medical devices 833 – neurobehavioral examination 146 nonalcoholic – catheter site care 830 – neurological examination 3268 – (NAFLD) 773, – hand hygiene 828 – oxygen use in resuscitation 130 2043, 2086 – in 820 – persistent pulmonary hypertension 204 – steatohepatitis 2086 – intravascular catheters 824 – physical examination 139 nonallelic – intravenous therapy 828 – respiratory support 128 (NAHR) 43, 46 – specific environmental risk factors 825 – screening 68, 69, 146 nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) Notta’s nodule 3928 – skin-to-skin (STS) contact 149 805 NTBC 2099 – transient tachypnea 200 nonbilious vomiting 1799 nucleic acid – very preterm neonate 130 nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) 3416 – amplification test (NAAT) 873, 969 next-generation sequencing (NGS) 55, 69 nonepileptic event 3330 – hybridization 926 NF-kB essential modulator (NEMO) 1283 nonerosive gastritis 1791 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors – deficiency 1280 nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) 47 (NRTIs) 336 NHLBI guidelines 1375, 1377, 1379, 1382, nonimmune thrombocytopenia 3107 nucleosome 726 1384–1386 noninvasive nucleotidase niacin deficiency (pellagra) 747 – cardiac imaging 2364 –50-nucleotidase 1973 NICHD Neonatal Network 433, 434 – cardiovascular imaging 2355 nursing bottle caries 1731 nickel contact dermatitis 1469 – intermittent positive pressure ventilation nutcracker effect 3861 nicotinic acid (niacin) 747 (NIPPV) 2167 nutrient stimulation test 1928 Niemann-Pick disease 515, 527, 536, 538, 546, – liver fibrosis tests (NILFT) 2043 nutrient–gene interactions 724 550, 3451 – positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) nutrition 3829 – bone marrow transplantation (BMT) 550 2145 – assessment 3831 – Middle Eastern variety 528 – ventilation 223 – deficiency 714 – type C 3371, 3434 – indications 225 – needs due to growth 3830 night blindness 718 – problems 223 nutritional nightmare 689, 3372 noninvoluting congenital hemangioma – deficiency rickets 3620 NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR) 64 (NICH) 1561 – environment 723 Nijmegen assay 3121 nonketotic hyperglycinemia 451, 467, 478 – liquid 730 Nikaidoh procedure 2379 nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors – modulation 723 Nikolsky sign 884, 1528 (NNRTIs) 336 – pharmacology 733 nitrazine test 106 nonodontogenic lesion 1740 – rehabilitation 1820 Subject Index 4141

– rickets 757, 761 omphalomesenteric duct 4033 orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTx) 1984, – status 1819 oncogene 6 2062, 2089 nystagmus 3390, 3393, 3974 Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man Ortolani test 144 (OMIM) 61 Orton–Gillingham program 631 O onycholysis 1510, 1511 ortotyrosine 218 obesity, see also fatness 769, 2728, 3375, 3834 onychomadesis 1511 oscillatory ventilation 2146 – bariatric surgery 775 onychomycosis 1513, 1545–1547 oseltamivir 913, 1215 – decreased physical activity 770 oocysts 322 Osgood-Schlatter disease (OSD) 3911, 3945 – dietary factors 771 open bite 1743 Osler-Weber-Rendu disease 3965 – dietary prevention 775 open lung 241, 243, 246 Osler’s nodes 807 – hypertension 774 ophthalmia neonatorum 391, 1013, 3976 osmolality 2653, 2690 – hypoventilation syndrome 773 ophthalmologic disorder 3973 osmotic – medications 771 ophthalmoparesis 3494 – demyelination syndrome 3733 – socioeconomic status 771 ophthalmoplegia 3302, 3450 – diarrhea 1865, 1870 – treatment 775 opioid analgesics 4082 – diuresis 349 obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) opisthorchiasis 1080 osteitis fibrosa 2925 646, 3275 opisthorchis 1074 osteo-onychodysplasia 2806 obstetrical 91, 104 opisthotonos 3299 osteoarticular tuberculosis 1055 obstructing megaureter 2903 oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) 650 osteocalcin 3613 obstructive opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome 3425 osteochondritis 792 – cardiac lesion 2331 opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia syndrome 3350 – dissecans (OCD) 3948, 3950 – nephropathy 2897, 3395 optic osteochondrodysplasia 3750 – sleep apnea (OSA) 2134, 3371, 3374 – nerve osteochondrosis of the elbow capitellum 3950 occult – glioma 3289 osteodystrophy 741, 3622 – bacteremia 814 – hypoplasia 598 osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) 370, 1727, 1744, – fracture 3912 – neuritis 3551 3245, 3627, 3919 – organic disorder 1818 – pathway tumor 3222 osteomalacia 757, 762, 765, 2844, 3618 ocular oral – tumour-induced 2832, 3621 – flutter 3390 – allergy syndrome 1399 osteomyelitis 791, 962, 1040, 1740, 3012 – injury 162 – candidiasis 1736 – associated with brucellosis 794 – larva migrans (OLM) 1079 – cavity 1727, 2176, 2195 – chronic 792 oculocephalic reflex 3390 – soft tissue tumor 1740 – chronic multifocal 794 oculocerebrorenal syndrome 2824, 3622 – corticosteroids 1384 – in sickle cell disease patients 793 oculocutaneous albinism 1523 – drug absorption – subacute 792 oculomotor nerve 3457 – mucosa 1734 – vertebral 793 odontodysplasia 1727 – mucositis 852 osteopenia 3619 odontogenic – polio vaccine (OPV) 949, 3454 osteopetrosis 557, 1744, 2035, 2830 – development cyst 1739 – rehydration solution (ORS) 979 – autosomal dominant 558 – inflammatory cyst 1739 orbital – in children 3626 – myxoma 1740 – cellulitis 3977 – infantile-malignant 557 – tumor 1739 – compression syndrome 3013 – pseudoglioma syndrome 3627 odontoma 1740 orchitis 1229, 3860 – with renal tubular acidosis 557 Ohtahara syndrome 3404 organ transplantation 73 osteosarcoma 3245, 3246, 3913 oil spot 1512 organic ostium secundum defect 2374 olfaction 606 – acid disorder 451 otalgia 865 – impairments 608 – acidemia 452, 475, 481 otitic hydrocephalus 3147 olfactory neuroblastoma 3963 – medications and formulas 509 otitis media 496, 604, 863, 870, 1199, 1202, oligoanuria 293, 2911 organomegaly 616, 1758, 3214, 3295 1204, 1205, 1224, 1246 oligoarthritis 1588, 1592 organophosphate 2611 otoacoustic emission (OAE) 604 oligohydraminos 101, 137, 1843, 2903, 3449 Orientia tsutsugamushi 1025 otorrhea 867 oligomenorrhea 3847, 3848 orlistat 775 ovarian oligopeptide 307 ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) 463 – cyst 3996 oligosaccharides 547 orofacial cleft 35 – germ cell tumor 3255 oliguria 202, 293, 2698, 2701, 2747, 2907, 2910, oromotor examination 626 overflow incontinence 1877 2911, 2914 oropharyngeal overgrowth syndrome 3233 Omalizumab 1382, 1385 – dilator 2221 overlap syndrome 1669, 2083 Omenn syndrome 1301, 1304, 1619 – dysphagia 1749 overuse syndrome 3909 omeprazole 3359 orphanages 581 overweight 3834 Ommaya reservoir 3308 Orthomyxoviridae 1209 Owren’s disease 3140 omphalitis 156, 337 orthomyxovirus 2540 oxacillin 338 omphalocele 98, 144, 2257, 3996, 3997, 4008 orthostatic syncope 3276 oxalate 2872 4142 Subject Index

Oxalobacter formigenes 2869 pansclerotic morphea 1661 parotitis oxidative phosphorylation 458, 3536 Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL) 1038, 1039 – recurrent 1738 – defect 471 pantothenate kinase-associated – suppurative 1738 oxidative stress 217 neurodegeneration 3418 paroxetine 402 oxygen PAPA syndrome 1709 paroxysmal – administration in the delivery room 219 paper wasp 1415 – cold hemoglobinuria (PCH) 2969, 2972 – during neonatal care in premature Papillon-Lefe`vre syndrome 1733 – disorder 3273 infants 220 papular – hemicrania 3587 – free radicals 217 – acrodermatitis 2079 – nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) 2971, – resuscitation 2490 – atrichia 1492 2990, 3093 – therapy 85, 217, 280, 2142 – purpuric gloves and socks syndrome – torticollis of infancy 3583 – in the term infant 221 (PPGSS) 883, 1533 Parry Romberg syndrome 1661 oxygenation 196, 242 papule 881 Parsonage–Turner syndrome 3471, 3473 – index 2145 papulo-pustular acne 1453 partial oxyhemoglobin 2142 papulovesicular acrolocated syndrome 1539 – aldosterone resistance 2848 – desaturation 198 para-phenylenediamine (PPDA) 1473 – arm defect 2226 oxyntic gland 1803 paracentric inversion 41 – splenic embolization (PSE) 2070 paraganglioma 3710 partner violence 3878 P paragnomiasis 1081 parvovirus 1533, 2539 pacemaker 2396 parainfectious disorder 3543 – B 19 329, 1235 Pachycondla sennaarensis 1415 paralytic poliomyelitis 951, 3463 – acquired immunodeficiency 1240 pachydermoperiostosis 1616 – vaccine-associated 951 – neutropenia 1239 packed red blood cell (PRBC) paramyotonia congenita 3533 Pastia’s line 885 transfusion 3045 paramyxovirus 2540 Patau syndrome 39, 41, 2262 Paediatric International Trials paranasal sinusitis 3977 – 13 2262 Organization (PRINTO) 1652 paraparesis 3304 patch test screening 1468 Paget’s disease 3245 paraphimosis 425, 3858 patellar PAID syndrome 1316 parapneumonic effusion 4042 – dislocation 3947 pain 1623–1627 parapsoriasis 1484 – tendinosis 3946 – amplification syndromes 1623, 1624, parasite 1117–1122, 1124–1126 patellofemoral syndrome 3946 1626, 1627 parasitemia 1107 patency capsule 1956, 1957 – in the neonate 382 parasitic gastroenteritis 1853 patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) 208, 262, 270, Palivizumab 1247 parasomnia 3371, 3372 2258, 2261, 2304, 2326, 2375 Pallister–Hall syndrome 4023 parathyroid hormone (PTH) 3611 – cardiovascular and systemic effects 271 palmar erythema 2052 parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) – closure 2368 palpation of the chest 2279 3611 – conservative management 274 PALS resuscitation medications 4077 parent management training (PMT) 652 – diagnosis 271 3329 parent-of-origin effect 66 – biomarkers 273 pancreas 1925 parent–child – echocardiographic assessment 272 – acute 1931 – conflict 593 – medical treatment 275 – chronic 1934 – interaction therapy 652 – murmur 2289 – divisum 1926 – relationship 583 – pulmonary effects 270 – radiological evaluation 1928 parental – surgical treatment 275 – tests for pancreatic insufficiency 1927 – mental health 580 – targeted treatment 273 pancreatectomy 3812 – obesity 772 patent foramen ovale (PFO) 262, 2295, 2417 pancreatic parenteral nutrition (PN) 733 patient safety indicator (PSIs) 159 – disease 1876, 2212 – catheter-related sepsis 740 pauci-immune glomerulonephritis 2943 – enzyme level 1933 – daily requirements 734 paucity of interlobular bile ducts 1994 – enzyme replacement therapy 1930, 2213 – home PN 742 Pavlovian conditioning 585 – stimulation test 1928 – metabolic complications 740 Payer’s patches 1812 pancreatitis 1757, 1931 – monitoring 738 Peabody picture vocabulary test 433 – biochemical tests 1928 – PN-related bone disease 741 peak – effects of probiotics 1889 – PN-related liver disease 741 – end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) 2167 pancytopenia 962, 1183 – prescribing 738 – expiratory flow 2133 PANDAS (pediatric autoimmune Parents’ Evaluation of Developmental Status – inspiratory pressure (PIP) 196, 2526 neurodevelopmental disorders associated (PEDS) 578 pearly pink papule 3856 with strep) 646 Parinaud’s ophthalmoplegia 3218 Pectus carinatum 759 pandemics 1199–1206 Paris–Trousseau syndrome 3107 pedal papules of infancy 1432 panic disorder 644 Parkes–Weber syndrome 4065 pediatric Panner’s disease 3950 Parkinson’s disease 3354 – acute liver failure (PALF) 2095 panniculus 1430 Parkinsonism 3339, 3341, 3346 – airway 2130 Subject Index 4143

– burns 2575 – transhepatic cholangiopancreatography permanent dentition 1728 – cardiopulmonary arrest 2485 (PTC) 1990 permissive hypercapnia 2200, 2532 – depressive disorder 638 – umbilical blood sampling 94 pernicious anemia 1794 – dermatology 1421 perforating peroxisomal disorder 451 – drug poisoning 2605 – dermatosis 1485 perpetrator behavior 666 – digoxin 2605 – folliculitis 1486 persistent – iron 2621 periadenitis mucosa necrotica recurrens 1736 – cyanosis 2257 – salicylate 2625 perianal – hyperplastic primary vitreous 3984 – end-stage liver disease (PELD) model – disease 1907 –Mu¨llerian duct syndrome (PMDS) 3661 2072 – pseudoverrucous papules and nodules – pubertal gynecomastia 3855 – evaluation of disability inventory 1437 – pulmonary hypertension (PPHN) 201 (PEDI) 433 – streptococcal dermatitis 1529 – of the newborn (PPHN) 204, 269, – heart transplantation 2470, 2472–2474 periarticular edema 2764 2257 – hip disorders 3945 pericardial effusion 417, 2434 pertussis 1017 – kidney transplantation 2935 pericardiocentesis 417, 423 – catarrhal stage 1017 – neurorehabilitation 3595 pericarditis 1238, 1634, 1891–1893, 2069, 2282, – convalescent stage 1018 – poisoning 2585 2436, 2437, 2552 – paroxysmal stage 1018 – resuscitation 2485 pericentric inversion 41 – vaccine 945 – sarcoidosis 1717–1719 perifolliculitis 1504 pervasive developmental disorder 659 – 3945 – abscendens capitis 1505 pes planus 3941 – trigger thumb 3928 perimembranous defect 2298 pesticide 2611 – venous thromboembolism (VTE) 3145 perinatal Peters anomaly 3979 pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) – asphyxia 258, 382, 383 petit mal epilepsy 3275 – allocation of space 2480 – therapy 87 Peutz–Jegher’s syndrome 1947, 4030 – family support areas 2483 – trauma 3961 Peyer’s patch 3203, 4029 – infections 2537 perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytosplasmic PFAPA syndrome 1708 – anatomical location 2546 antibodies (PANCA) 1903 PHACE syndrome 1561 – cardiac 2551 periodic PHACES syndrome 1568, 4062 – central venous catheter-associated – fever 1705 phagocyte 3079 2560 – associated with mevalonate kinase phagocytic – HIV 2557 deficiency 1705 – defect 1275, 1322 – in the immunocompromised – limb movements of sleep (PLMS) 3371, – cell disorder 1325, 1336 child 2555 3373 – system 3079 – nosocomial 2559 – paralysis 3532 – disorders 3079 – of the central nervous system 2552 – syndrome 1769 pharmacodynamics 887, 4071 – parasitic 2543 periodontitis 1732 pharmacogenetics 68 – patient care areas 2480 – juvenile 1733 pharmacokinesis 887, 4071 – physical environment 2479 – prepubertal 1733 pharmacomechanical thrombolysis 3152 pediculosis 1550, 1552 periodontium 1731 pharyngeal weakness 3302 – capitis 1550 perioral dermatitis 1465 pharyngeal-cervical-brachial form of GBS 3480 – corporis 1522 periorbital ecchymosis 3229 pharyngitis 2743, 2911 – pubis 1552 peripheral – streptococcal 1045 Pelger–Huet anomaly 3083 – artery sampling or cannulation 411 phenobarbital (PB) 385, 386, 402, 405 Pelizaeus–Merzbacher disease 47, 3344, – arthritis 962 phenocopy 61 3406, 3434 – blood stem cell 3179 phenotype 13 pellagra 747 – intravenous cannulation 411 phenotypic sex 3649 pelvic inflammatory disease 968, 970 – nerve disorder 3475 phenylalanine pelvis syndrome 1561, 1562 – pulmonary stenosis 2288, 2334 – loading test 3345 Pena Shokeir syndrome 397 peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) – metabolism 493 penciclovir 908 283, 411, 415 phenylalaninemia 493 penicillamine 2033, 2036–2040 peritoneal phenylalaninerestricted diet 76 penicillin 891, 1022 – dialysis 2770, 2929–2931 phenylketonuria (PKU) 4, 68, 76, 149, 472, – broad spectrum 893 – equilibration test (PET) 2930 492, 3453 penicillin-binding proteins (PBP) 891 peritonitis 2930–2932 – biopterin-dependent 502 Pentatrichomonas (Trichomonas) hominis 877 – caused by CONS 1042 – malignant 504 pepsinogen 1805 peritonsillar abscess 2196 pheochromocytoma 67, 3710 peptic ulcer disease (PUD) 1803, 1805, 1941 periventricular Philadelphia chromosome 3172, 3196, 3199 percutaneous – hemorrhage 381 phimosis 3858 – cyst drainage 1094 periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) 255, 280, phlebitis 2666 – pulmonary valve replacement 2371 380, 3311 phlebotomine sandflies 1097 – transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) 1993 Perlman syndrome 3233 Phlebotomus 1097 4144 Subject Index

phobia 645 placentomegaly 400 – community-acquired 2203, 2548 phonemic awareness 629 plain polysaccharide vaccine 942 – hospital-acquired (HAP) 837 phonocardiology 2284 -thorn synovitis 1616 – ventilator-associated (VAP) 837, 2560 phonological awareness 629 plaque radiotherapy 3251 pneumonitis 1122 phosphate 2692, 3612, 3780 plasma pneumopericardium 251, 253, 423 – homeostasis 757 – aldosterone concentration (PAC) 2680 pneumoperitoneum 207 phosphatonin 764 – B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) 2311 pneumotaxic center 197 phosphocreatine 292 – creatinine 2700 pneumothorax 207, 251, 252, 253, 421–423, phosphofructokinase deficiency 2983 – membrane 3068 2138, 2155, 2226, 2493 phosphogalactose transferase deficiency 489 – osmolality 3721 podocin 2716 phosphoglycerate kinase deficiency 2983 – products 3046 podocyte 2796 phosphopenic rickets 757, 764 – renin activity (PRA) 2680 podocytopathy 2785 phosphorus 3611 – sodiumconcentration 2653 poikilocytosis 3034 – homeostasis 3612 plasmapheresis 2783, 3481, 3500 poinsettia 2620 phosphotidyl glycerol (PG) 355 plasmin activator inhibitor (PAI) 3135 poisoned patient 2585 photobilirubin 317 plasminogen 3143 – initial decontamination 2588 photophobia 1521 Plasmodium Poland’s syndrome 167, 3459 photosensitivity 1631 – falciparum 1103, 1106, 2543, 3412 polarity of epithelia 724 phototherapy 317, 2008, 2009 – malaria 2976 POLG-related disorder 3407 – exchange transfusion 317 – knowlesi 1107 poliomyelitis 1243 – indications 317 – malariae 1106 – bulbar 3465 PHQ-9 3865, 3866 – vivax 1106 – paralytic 1243 phrenic nerve paralysis 171 platelet 3067 – paralytic 3463 phytobezoars 1795 – component of hemostasis 3138 – vaccination 3466 phytomenanadione 754 – disorder 3074, 3106 pollen-induced allergy 1367 phytophotodermatitis 669 – drug-induced disorders 3075 polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) 1685, 2079 Piaget, Jean 572 – dysfunction 3067 – cutaneous (CutPAN) 1686 Pickwickian syndrome 773 – function 3073 polyarthralgia 324 Picomaviridae 1231 – analyzer-100 3139 polyarthritis 324, 1589, 1592, 1604 piebaldism 1522 – defect 3104 polyarthropathy syndrome 1237 piedra 1497 – test 3139 polychromasia 368, 2958 – iahortae 1498 – inherited disorders 3076 polycystic Pierre Robin sequence 2177, 2221 – storage pool disease 3076 – echinococcosis 1091 Pierson syndrome 2797 – structure 3068 – kidney disease 2699, 2735, 2739, 2810, pili torti 1494 – transfusion 3045 2816, 2911 PillCam 1955 pleiotropy 13 – ovarian syndrome 773, 3642, 3643, 3848 pimecrolimus 1577 Pleisiomonas 1754 polycystin 2815 pinworm infection 1078 pleocytosis 856 polycythemia 353, 356, 426, 2061, 3037 piston oscillator 245 pleomorphic – vera 3018, 3037 pitted keratolysis 1530 – salivary adenoma 1739 polydactyly 3927, 3937 pityriasis – xanthoastrocytoma 3221 – of the fingers 145 – alba 1523, 1526 plesiomonas 1853 polydipsia 2821, 2853–2856, 3212, 3729, 3731 – lichenoides 1479, 1483 plethysmography 2133 polygenic obesity 772 – chronica (PLC) 1483 pleural polyglutamine ataxia 3436 – et varioliformis acuta (PLEVA) 1189, – disease 1055 polyhydramnios 101, 106, 360, 1843, 1865, 1483, 1616 – effusion 398, 418, 1891, 1892, 2351 1866, 2961, 3449, 3530 – rosea 1406 plexiform neurofibroma 3288 polymenorrhea 3847 – Gibert 1481 plexopathy 3471 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 926, 1203 – rubra pilaris 1480 Plummer disease 3799 polymicrogyria 325, 3285, 3287 – versicolor 1523, 1547 pneumatic otoscopy 865 polymorphic ventricular tachycardia 2393 Pityrosporum pneumococcal vaccine 948 polymorphous dystrophy 2759 – orbiculare 1547 pneumococcus 783, 1021 polyneuritis cranialis 3480 – ovale 1438 Pneumocystis polyneuropathy 1002 PiZZ defect 1997, 2003 – carinii 1617, 2122, 3094 polyostotic fibrous dysplasia 766 placenta – jirovecii 1292, 1309, 1312, 2558, 3189 polypeptide 1825 – accreta 108 – pneumonia (PCP) 1195, 2236, 2942 polyposis 1946, 1955, 1956 – previa 107, 108 pneumocytes 2126 polyradiculitis 963 placental pneumomediastinum 251, 252, 423 polysaccharide vaccine 931 – abruption 108 pneumonia 968, 970–974, 1039, 1199–1206, polysomnography 2134, 2223, 2246, 3367, – bleeding 359 2190, 2203, 2257, 4042 3371, 3374 – complications 108 – caused by CONS 1042 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) 218 Subject Index 4145 polyuria 2660, 2821, 2853–2856, 3212, 3717, – pharyngitis-related 2743 – substance use 401 3729 – pyoderma-related 2743 – infectious diseases 401 Pompe disease 521, 3452, 3454, 3536, 3540 posttransplant – toxicology screening 403 – early infantile type 522 – complications 2471 prekallikrein 3136 – late infantile onset 522 – lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) premature popliteal fossa atopic dermatitis 1442 2474, 2941 – adrenarche 3636–3639, 3641–3643 3303 – lymphoproliferative disorder 1923 – atrial complex 2386 pores of Kohn 2142 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 689 – infant pain profile (PIPP) 382 porphobilinogen deaminase (PBGD) 562 postural – menarche 3637, 3639 porphyria 561, 3061, 3534 – orthostatic tachycardia syndrome – pubarche 3637 – 5-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase 3584 – thelarche 3631, 3636, 3637, 3641, 3642 deficiency 561 – reflex 3298 – ventricular complex 2386 – acute intermittent (AIP) 562 – tremor 3354 prematurity 713 – cutanea tarda (PCT) 563, 3064 potassium 299, 737, 2663, 2692, 2835, 2870, premenstrual – erythropoietic 564 2872, 3780 – dysphoric disorder (PMDD) 3843, 3849 – hepatic 561 – altered metabolism 2663 – syndrome (PMS) 3849 – liver transplantation 567 – balance 297 prenatal – neurovisceral 3062 – treatment 297 – counseling 2254 – screening 566 – channel disease 3532 – diagnosis 62, 91 porphyrinuria 566 – citrate 2873 – invasive 94 portal – disorders of distal tubular transport 2835 – noninvasive 91 – hypertension 1117, 1119, 1121, 1124, – renal handling 2663 – of congenital malformations 94 1125, 1968, 2013–2015, 2065 – voltage channels (Kv Channels) 270 preparticipation sports screening 2399 – vein 1960, 2065 Pott disease 1056 preseptal cellulitis 3977 – thrombosis (PVT) 2066, 3110, 3147 Potter’s facies 210 pressure support ventilation (PSV) 239, 2527 – venous occlusion 2066 Potter’s syndrome 293, 397 pressure-limited ventilation 238 portosystemic shunt surgery 2071 Prader–Willi syndrome 22, 37, 666, 615, 772, pressure-regulated volume control (PRVC) portwine stain 1555 2221, 3305, 3371, 3450, 3750 2527 posaconazole 1066 Praziquantel 1124–1126 presymptomatic testing 62 positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) 196, pre-B-cell receptor 1268 preterm 237, 274, 2525, 2533 pre-Botzinger complex (PBC) 197 – birth 88 positive expiratory pressure (PEP) 2213 pre-renal failure 2911–2913 – prevention 446 positive inspiratory pressure (PIP) 128 pre-T-cell 1267 – delivery positive-pressure ventilation 2146, 2525 – receptor 1299 – risk factors 105 post-concussion syndrome 3579 preauricular cysts 4049 – labor 104 post-enteritis enteropathy 1884 precordial catch syndrome 2154 – neonate post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus 3307 precordium 125 – focused care 280 post-infectious glomerulonephritis 2708, 2709 prednisolone 2085, 2780, 2802 – inotrope-resistant 263 post-kala-azar 1098 prednisone 2765, 2780, 2802 – myocardial function 262 post-term birth 177 preeclampsia 111, 399, 3102 – patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) 270 post-thrombotic syndrome 3154 Pregabalin 1627 – premature rupture 105 post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 648 pregestational diabetes 111 – of membranes (PPROM) 106 posterior pregnancy 91, 3843, 3996, 3998, 3999 priapism 3014 – pituitary organogenesis 3717 – alcohol 403 pRIFLE criteria 2908 – reversible encephalopathy syndrome – buprenorphine 404 primary (PRES) 2745 – changes of the breast 701 – adult hypolactasia 1875 – urethral valves (PUV) 2897, 2903 – cocaine 405 – aldosteronism 3706 posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus 420 – detailed history 137 – arrhythmia syndrome 2394 postherpetic neuralgia 1190 – diabetes mellitus 110 – biliary cirrhosis (PBC) 2045 postinfectious enteritis 1873 – gestational diabetes (GDM) 110 – ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) 2225 postnatal – hepatitis C 401 – familial and congenital polycythemia – age terminology 178 – illicit substance use (PFCP) 3037 – euglycemia 181 – marijuana 406 – hyperoxaluria 1734 postoccipital lymphadenopathy 1182 – maternal medical complications 110 – non-type-1 2882 postpolio syndrome 3466 – methadone 404 – type 1 2881 postprandial – methamphetamine 406 – immunodeficiency (PID) 1616 – distress syndrome (PDS) 1835 – nicotine 402 – clinical cases 1329 – hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia 3812 – opiates 403 – disorder (PID) 1321 poststreptococcal acute glomerulonephritis – pregestational diabetes 111 – lactic acidosis 461 (PSAGN) 2743 – psychiatric comorbidity 402 – lactic acidosis-pyruvate carboxylase – edema 2744 – sickle cell anemia 3017 deficiency 458 4146 Subject Index

– liver tumor 3239 prothrombin 3132 psychotropic medication 694 – muscle carnitine deficiency 3537 – complex factor 3140 pubertal – polycythemia 3037 – deficiency 3140 – delay 3633–3636, 3641, 3644 – polydipsia 2515 – time 1974, 3136 – development 3821 – sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) 1983, 2045 prothrombinase 3133 – growth spurt 3632, 3633, 3638, 3642 primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) – complex 3068 – gynecomastia 3855 3217 proton – maturation 3825 primordial – pump inhibitor 1790, 3359 puberty 3631–3645 – cyst 1739 – radiation therapy 3175 – abnormalities 3633 – parenchyma 1959 protoporphyria 565 – failure 3633 PRINTO 1652 protoporphyrin 3064 – psychology 3644 probiotic bacteria 1887 Protoscolices 1091, 1094 pulmonary procaine penicillin 893 protozoal infection 1071 – airleak 206 procoagulants 3131 provocation – atresia 810, 2309, 2310, 2317 proctitis, protein-induced 1873 – paralysis 3464 – with intact ventricular septum 2324 proctocolitis – poliomyelitis 3454 – blood flow 2349 – food protein-induced 1399 proximal – cysts 1092, 1094 – protein-induced 1873 – humeral epiphysitis 3951 – disorder 2155 professional self-care 697 – renal tubular acidosis 2828 – edema 2163–2169, 2235, 2745 progesterone 105 – renal tubular disorder 2821 – embolism 2171, 3147, 3600 prognathism 1743 pruritus 1124, 1996, 2051 – fibrosis 3258 progressive pseudo-fever of unknown origin 819 – flow murmur 2288 – encephalopathy 3405 pseudo-Hurler polydystrophy 525 – function testing 2418 – familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) pseudo-hypertrophy 18 – hemorrhage 208, 232, 2230, 2746 1984, 1998 pseudo-obstruction 1842 – hypertension 2413, 2437, 2439 – multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PMFL) pseudocoma 3380, 3382, 3392 – associated with chronic lung disease 3418 pseudodiarrhea 1754 of prematurity 2416 – myoclonus epilepsy (PME) 3350 pseudoesotropia 3975 – associated with congenital heart prolific symmetric synovitis 1590 pseudogynecomastia 3856 disease 2414 propanolol 1563 2839, 2846–2850 – idiopathic 2414 propionic acidemia 452, 470, 481 – autosomal-dominant 2839 – persistent of the newborn 2414 propionyl coenzyme A (CoA) carboxylase – autosomal-recessive 2839 – hypoplasia 204, 210 deficiency 452 – type 1 2839, 2846 – interstitial emphysema (PIE) 247, 251 proportional assist ventilation 240 – type 2 2841, 2847 – lung function testing 2133 prosencephalic development disorder 3282 pseudohypoparathyroidism 3617, 3747 – metastatecomy 3248 prosody 622 pseudomonal infection 1531 – stenosis 2450 prostaglandin 263, 270, 278 Pseudomonas 337, 792, 1527, 1531 – surfactant, see surfactant – E1 (PGE) 2349 – aeroginosa 864, 2538 – valve stenosis 2281, 2289, 2332–2335, protamines 1413 pseudomonilethrix 1494 2343 inhibitor (PI) 336, 2003 pseudopolyp 1904 – valvotomy 2379 protease-activated receptors (PAR) 3072 pseudoporphyria 567, 3061 – vascular disease (PVD) 270, 2301, 2320, protein 708, 737 – cutanea tarda 567 2453 – absorption 306 pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism 3618 – vascular obstructive disease (PVOD) – digestion 306, 1814 pseudopuberty 3796 2297 – enhancement therapy 78 pseudorheumatoid arthritis 1584 – vascular resistance (PVR) 118, 269, 278, – losing 1891, 1892 pseudotumor cerebri 752, 774, 2020, 3588 2256, 2297, 2298, 2416, 2525, 2529 – metabolism 1961 pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) 1486 – vascularity 2300 – replacement therapy 77 psittacosis 973–975 – veno-occlusive disease 2236 – restriction 74 psoriasis 1438, 1477, 1606 pulmonary-renal syndrome 2789 – S deficiency 3136 – arthropathica 1477 pulmonic stenosis 2332 – tyrosine kinase (PTK) 1269 – erythrodermic 1477 pulse protein-calorie deficiency 713 – guttata 1477 – Doppler echocardiograph 2296 protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM) 711 – inversa 1438, 1477 – oximetry 2311 protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) 2351 – vulgaris 1477 pulsus paradoxus 2143 proteinuria 2699, 2711, 2751, 2753, 2760, 2793, psoriatic leukonychia 1512 pupillary membrane 393 2799, 2922–2924, 2927 psychiatric disorder 379, 635, 639, 645 pure red cell aplasia 3097 – orthostatic 2713 psychoeducation 640, 642, 645, 647 Purkinje fibers 2383 proteolysis 307 psychological first aid 693 purpura 1671 Proteus psychometric testing 616 – fulminans 1012, 3108 – mirabilis 2883 psychosis 643, 649, 653 purulent – syndrome 1568 psychotic disorder 653 – meningitis 2552 Subject Index 4147

– pericarditis 2552 raffinose 2020 regulation of respiration 197 – vaginitis 874 Ramsay–Hunt syndrome 3461 rehabilitation pyelonephritis 2883, 2887, 2888, 2911 ranitidine 3359 – evaluation 3595 pyknocytosis 368 ranula 1738 – of conversion reaction 3604 pyloric rapamycin 79, 3284 – of peripheral nervous system 3604 – mass 1799, 1800 rape 672 – of the brain 3596 – stenosis 1799, 4027 rapid eye movement (REM) sleep 198, 3371 – of the spinal cord 3600 pyloromyotomy 1800, 1801, 4028 – parasomnia 3372 rehydration 1857 pyoderma 2743, 2747 – sleep behavior disorder 3372 Reiki 3893 – gangrenosum 1903 rapid influenza diagnostic test (RIDT) 1215 Reiter’s disease 1480 pyogenic rapid plasma reagin (RPR) test 329, 876 relapse therapy 2777 – arthritis 791 rapsyn 3493 relapsing polychondritis 1615 – disorder 1709 Rapunzel syndrome 1795 relative body mass index (rBMI) 712 – granuloma 1515, 1567, 4061 Ras pathway syndrome 79 renal – liver abscess 2109 Rassmussen’s encephalitis 3415 – anomaly 2697 pyridostigmine 3496 Rastelli operation 2379 – biopsy 2913 pyridoxine 509, 748, 2873 raw milk 961 – cell carcinoma 3234 – deficiency 748 Raynaud’s phenomenon 1631, 1643, 1644, – coloboma syndrome 2921 pyriform aperture stenosis 2175 1657, 1659, 1668 – damage after obstruction 2897 pyrimethamine 323 re-expansion pulmonary edema 2166, 2169 – disease 1632, 1697, 2026 pyrin protein 1705 re-nourishment 1820 – dysplasia 2807 pyroglutamic aciduria 462 reactive – failure 2433, 2800 pyropoikilocytosis 367 – arthritis 1480 – function 290, 2689 pyruvate 461 – attachment disorder 635 – clinical management 294 – carboxylase (PyC) 458 – perforating collagenosis (RPC) 1486 – monitoring 292 – dehydrogenase (PDH) deficiency 74, 458, reading disorder 629 – hypoplasia 2807 461, 3433 real-timereverse transcriptase polymerase – impairment 1865 – kinase deficiency 2981 chain reaction (rRT-PCR) test 1215 – insufficiency 2702, 2897, 2899 pyuria 2911 recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA) 2082 – ischemia 2701 rectal – osteodystrophy 763, 2926 Q – bleeding 1944, 1945 – parenchymal disease 2435 Q fever 974 – prolapse 1945 – replacement therapy 2921 Q-Tsyndrome 3276 – temperature 188 – rickets 763, 3622 Qp:Qs ratio 278, 280 recto-anal inhibitory reflex 4021 – salt retention 2840 QRS complex 282, 2384, 2386, 2390, 2601 rectoperineal fistula 4022 – salt wasting 2835, 2836 quadratus labii inferioris muscles 3460 recurrent – scarring 2888 quadriparesis 3304 – abdominal pain (RAP) 1760 – tubular acidosis 766, 2018, 2033, 2035, qualitative platelet disorder 373 – digital fibromatosis of reye 1515 2672, 2675, 2676, 2835 quality of life 444 – isolated sleep paralysis 3372 – vasculitis 2805 quality-adjusted life year (QALY) 446 – oral aphthosis (ROA) 1713 – vein thrombosis (RVT) 3109, 3147 Quetelet index 712 – parotitis 1738 renin 1865, 1867 quick onset syndrome 1883 – respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) 2198 – activity 715 Quincke’s pulses 2342 – venous thromboembolism 3154 renin-angiotensin system (RAS) 2751 quinolone 898 red blood cell renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system (RAAS) – membrane disorder 2985 290, 2677, 2816 R – production 359 renovascular disease 2435 3386, 3569 reduced plasma oncotic pressure 395 Reoviridae family 1249 rachitic refeeding reovirus 1990 – rosary 759, 3619 – following rehydration 1858 residual thrombosis 3155 – syndrome 761 – syndrome 719, 1820 resistant hypertension 2739 radial reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) 1625 respiratory – hypoplasia 3107 reflux – acidosis 299, 2674 – nerve injury 3475 – esophagitis 2072 – alkalosis 298, 299, 2677 – spoke defect 2226 – nephropathy 2890 – distress 184, 199, 2181–2183, 2323 radiant warmer 190 refractory – late preterm infant 184 radiation – disease 1681 – distress syndrome (RDS) 105, 196, 201, – enteritis 733 – epilepsy 3284 225, 246, 277, 289, 353, 355, 441, 2127, – therapy 3173, 3175–3177 – shock 788 2256 radicular cyst 1739 refsum disease 3433 – high-frequency ventilation (HFV) radiculopathy 3471 Regan–Lowe formula 1017 247 radiolucent zone 760 regression 660 – failure 2141, 2519 4148 Subject Index

– hypercarbic 2519 rhodopsin 752 Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy 1921 – hypoxemic 2519 Rhogam 349 RSV 1245–1247 – medications 4078 rhombencephalitis 1232 rubella 321, 323, 882, 1259, 1532, 2276, 3975 – syncytial virus (RSV) 215, 825, 864, 1245, rhythmic movement disorders of sleep 3373 – vaccine 954, 1260 2151, 2181, 2201, 2549 rib fracture 670 rubeola 1532 – system ribavirin 1246 Rugger-Jersey spine 558 – development 2125 riboflavin deficiency 746 Rumack–Matthew nomogram 2595 – prenatal diagnosis 96 rickets 757, 3618, 3747, 3845, 3849 rumination syndrome 1834 – tract – calciopenic 757, 760, 761 Russel-Silver Syndrome 33, 3750 – congenital anomalies 2175 – hypophosphatemic 764, 3621 ryanodine receptor (RYR2) missense – transition 115 – nutritional 761 mutation 2400 – aeration of the lungs after birth 116 – of prematurity 764 – after Cesarean section 117 – phosphopenic 757, 764 S – clearance of lung fluid at birth 115 – renal 763, 3622 Saccharomyces cerevisiae 1908 – fetal lung 115 – vitamin D 763 sacrococcygeal teratoma 3256 – preterm infants 116 – vitamin D-dependent 3619 sacroiliitis 1601–1605 – virus 2540 – vitamin D-resistant 1727, 3620 safety window 472 resting tremor 3354 Rickettsiae 1025 sail sign 252 restless legs syndrome 3364, 3373 rickettsial salicylate poisoning 2625 restricted – infection 1025 Salih myopathy 3454, 3503, 3507 – interests 660 – pox 1025 salivary calculus 1738 – cardiomyopathy 2459, 2464, 2465, 2470 ridiculoneuritis 1002 Salla disease 537 – lung disease 2236 Riedel struma 3799 salmon retention 1956 Riedel’s lobe 1967 – patch 1555, 1556, 1568 reticular dysgenesis 1298, 3080, 3097 Rieter’s disease 1035 – spot 1512 reticulocytopenia 2971, 3007 Rift Valley fever (RVF) 1130 Salmonella reticulocytosis 2958, 2986 right heart failure 2415 – enterica 1031 retinitis pigmentosa 2811 rigid spine muscular dystrophy 3517, 3521 – enteritidis 1032 retinoblastoma 67, 393, 598, 3162, 3251, 3983 Riley–Day syndrom 609, 3489 – infection 1031 retinoid 1456 rimantadine 914 – paratyphi 1032 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) 392, 431, ringworm 1496, 1545 – typhi 1032 598, 3599, 3983 risk of sudden death 2399 salmonellosis 1031, 1850 retrognathia 1743, 2222, 3305 risperidone 661 – coinfection 1122 retrograde pyelography 2901 risus sardonicus 1051 – non-typhoidal 1031 retrovirus 2540 rituximab 2778, 2782, 2803, 2972 salpingitis 968, 970 20, 36, 657, 3344 RNA salt sensitivity 2735 reverse transcriptase 11 – interference (RNAi) 78 samsum 1415 reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy – ribosomal 11 Sandhoff disease 77, 535, 3344 syndrome (RPLS) 2745 – small nuclear 11 Sandifer’s syndrome 73, 519, 531, 1787, 3300, revertant fiber 20 – splicing 11 3320, 3330, 3345, 3358, 3979 Reye–Johnson Syndrome 3410 road traffic injury 3568 – type B 519 Reye’s syndrome 1189, 1192, 1205, 1932, 1971, Robertsonian translocation 41 Sanger sequencing 64 2101, 2107, 3399 Robin sequence 25, 37, 1744 Sano shunt 2378 Rh erythroblastosis 85 ROBO3 gene 3458 sapien valve 2371 rhabdoid tumor of the kidney 3234 Rocky Mountain sapovirus 1849 rhabdomyosarcoma 3165, 3175, 3239, 3241 – spotted fever (RMSF) 1025 sapropterin 76 rhabdovirus 2540 – wood tick 1025 – dihydrochloride 76 rheumatic 3273, 3275 sarcoglycanopathy 3526 – chorea 3347 Romano-Ward syndrome 2394 sarcoidosis 1717, 3461, 3550, 3724 – disorder 1583 rosacea 1464 – early onset 1717 – fever 2425 Rosai-Dorfman disease 3214, 3215 Sarcoptes scabiei – criteria for the diagnosis 2426 Rosenthal disease 3966 – var. canis 1550 – prevention of recurrent attacks 2430 roseola 882 – var. hominis 1548 – symptomatic relief 2429 – infantum 1540 Sato’s syndrome 1770 – heart disease 2425 Ross procedure 2341 scabies 1527, 1531, 1437, 1548–1550 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) 1617, 2429 rotavirus 1249, 1849, 1872 – nodular 1550 rhinitis 1361, 3961 – gastroenteritis 1249, 1252 – Norwegian 1550 – medicamentosa 1365, 3963 – toxin 1250 scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) 884 rhinopharyngitis 3961 – vaccines 953, 1252 scalp rhinorrhea 1361, 3959 Roth spots 806 – alopecia 2580 Rhipicephalus sanguineus 1025 Rothmund–Thompson syndrome 3245 – hematoma 3575, 3577 Subject Index 4149 scapulopexy 3529 seizure syndrome 3275 severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) SCARED-5 3867, 3868 selective 69, 1297, 1323, 1332, 1619, 2556 scarlatina 1529 – decontamination of the digestive tract – vaccines 1300 scarlet fever 885, 1046, 1047, 1735, 1738 (SDD) 840 – non-syndromic 3080 scarring alopecia 1490, 1503 – IgA deficiency (IgAD) 1288 severe lupus nephritis 2784 – infection-related 1504 – serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) 204, severe myoclonic epilepsy 3404 Scheie syndrome 518, 547 402, 641, 2602, 3368 – of infancy 3329 schemic stroke 1643, 1644, 1648, 3558 selenoprotein N gene 3517 sex Scheuermann’s kyphosis 3923 self-inflating bag 127 – chromosome 13 Schick test 987 self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) 3775 – aneuploidy 42, 3669 Schilder disease 3685 self-poisoning 2627 – determination 3652 Schindler disease 532 semantic memory 629 – differentiation 3649 Schistosoma seminiferous cord 3650 sex-linked traits 15 – haematobium 1081, 1117–1126, 2884 senataxin 3429 sexual – intercalatum 1117, 1123, 1125 Sengstaken-Blakemore tube 1940, 2068 – abuse 650, 873–876, 878 – japonicum 1117–1123, 1125, 1126 Senior–Loken syndrome 2809, 2921, – assault 672 – mansoni 1081, 1117–1123, 1125, 1126 2943, 3425 – differentiation 3653 – mekongi 1117, 1123, 1125 sensitization 1391 – identity 3825 schistosomiasis 1074, 1081, 1117–1126 sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) 605, sexually transmitted infection (STI) 675, – genital 1121 1149, 1155 873, 3851 – intestinal 1121 sensory Seymour fracture 3930 schizencephaly 3285 – disorder 597 SF-1 deficiency 343 schizophrenia 653, 654, 3380 – integration problem 3271 Shah–Waardenburg’s syndrome 4019 Schmorl’s nodules 3923 sensory-neural deafness (SND) 2845 shaken baby syndrome (SBS) 152, 665, Scho¨nlein-Henoch purpura 2806 sepsis 784 671, 3984 school – catheter-related 418 shell teeth 1727 – phobia 3868 – syndrome 2544 shift work disorder 3370 – problems 3868 septic Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli – refusal 3868 – arthritis 785, 991, 1040, 3012, 3913 (STEC) 2769 – staff 695 – shock 783, 784, 2506 Shigella 1035, 1755, 1756, 1879 schwannoma 3289 – antibiotics 785 – dysenteriae 1035, 2807 Schwartz–Jampell syndrome 3447, 3531 – early recognition 785 shigellosis 1035, 1850 sciatic nerve 3475 – hormonal therapy 788 shingles 1188, 1537 – palsy 415 – oxygen delivery 785 Shirmer’s test 1668 sclerema neonatorum 1431 – vasoactive medications 787 shock 784 sclerocornea 3979 septicemia 374 – algorithm for treatment 2503 sclerodactyly 1658 septo-optic dysplasia 3282, 3745 – cardiogenic 2499 scleroderma 551, 1657, 1668 sequence 25 – distributive 2501 sclerosing cholangitis 1963 serial monogamy 3851 – hypovolemic 2498 scoliosis 145, 759, 2247, 2267, 3601, 3917, serial transverse enteroplasty (STEP) 1919 – septic 2506 3921–3923 serine protease inhibitor 2003 – syndrome 2497 scramblase 3068 seronegative enthesopathy and arthropathy Shone’s syndrome 2337, 2420 scrub typhus 1025, 1027 (SEA) syndrome 1601 short acting beta-agonists 1383 sebaceous serotonin 638, 646 short bowel syndrome (SBS) 729, 1823, – gland 1573 – syndrome 2603 1913, 1945 – hyperplasia 1429, 1449, 1451 serpin 2003 – ileal resection 1914 Sebastian syndrome 3107 Serratia marcescens 2538 – ileocecal valve resection 1914 sebopsoriasis 1438, 1479 Sertoli cells 3650 – intestinal adaptation 1914 seborrhea 1449 serum – intestinal lengthening and tapering 1916 seborrheic dermatitis 1392, 1437, 1443, 1498 – alkaline phosphatase 761 – intestinal transplantation 1916 33, 34, 36 – aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 2593 – jejunal resection 1914 second impact syndrome 3576 – cationic trypsinogen 1928 – serial transverse enteroplasty (STEP) secondary drowning 2239 – creatinine kinase 389 lengthening 1916 secondary polycythemia 3038 – g-glutamyl transpeptidase 1998 short gut syndrome 1812 secretion clearance 2212 – screening 93 short stature 27 secretory diarrhea 1871 – sickness 1413 – associated syndromes 33 sedation agents 4083 Sever’s disease 3940 Short’s maneuver 1972 Segawa disease 3346 severe acute respiratory syndrome shoulder segmental (SARS) 826 – dislocation 3951 – aneusomy 50 severe childhood autosomal recessive muscular – dystocia 168, 353, 3472 – hemangioma 1560–1562 dystrophy 3445, 3513 – weakness 3527 4150 Subject Index

SHOX gene 3749 skeletal – thrombosis 1642, 1643 Shprintzen syndrome 2262 – dysplasia 33, 397, 766 – antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody shuddering attack 3357 – infections 791 (ANCA)-associated 1689 Shukla–Ferrara calculation 413 skewfoot 3937 – vasculitis 1026, 1689 shunted hydrocephalus 3589 skin Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome 29, 30, 36, Shwachman–Bodian–Diamond syndrome – barrier management 1573 76, 3687 (SBDS) 1929 – care of the newborn 1425 Smith–Magenis syndrome 615 Shwachman–Diamond syndrome (SDS) 1876, – disorder 1421 smooth muscle relaxant 1752 1877, 1878, 1929, 3081, 3093, 3096 – edema 400 snail 1117–1119, 1126 sialadenitis 608 – infection 1040 snake sialic acid storage disease 537 – injury 667 – antivenom 2634 sialidosis 527 – permeability 1573 – availability 2635 sialo-oligosaccharides 547 – pH 1573 – side effects 2635 sialylation 2751 – prick testing 1400 – venom 2631 sibutramine 775 – rash 2764 sickle cell – temperature 188 – severity score (SSS) 2633 – anemia 5, 14, 1239, 2172, 2434, 2436 – testing 1353 – envenoming 2631 – blood transfusion 3018 – trauma 1529 snapping hip syndrome 3945 – homozygous with a thalassemia 3020 – ulcers 1643, 1644 sniffing position 126 – pregnancy 3017 skin, eye, mouth disease (SEM) 327, 1173 snoring 1364, 2222 – with hereditary persistence of fetal skull fracture 165, 670, 3569, 3572 SNP array 40 hemoglobin 3020 slate gray nevi 668 social – b thalassemia 3019 sleep 3822 – deficit 659 – disease 314, 366, 972, 1982, 2807, 2950, – apnea syndrome 1364 – indiscriminance 636 3005, 3011, 3555 – architecture 3363 – learning theory 572 – hepatobiliary complications 3013 – disorder 3363 sodium 737, 2835, 2872 – renal complications 3014 – logs 3367 – bicarbonate 132, 2491 – trait (AS) 3019 – mechanisms 3364 – butyrate 725 silent aspiration 1750 – myoclonus 350 – channel disease 3532 silicone urinary catheter 424 – periodic limb movements 3373 – disorders of distal tubular transport Silver–Russell syndrome 66 – propensity 3365 2835 simple bone cyst 1739 – rhythmic movement disorders 3373 – reabsorption 2691, 2692 simple metabolic acidosis 2673 – starts 3373 sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter simplified lung 213 – structure 3363 (SGLT1) 1823 Simpson-Golabi-Behemel syndrome 3233 – terrors 3372 soft tissue Sinding–Larsen–Johansson syndrome 3911, – walking, see also somnambulism 3372 – infection 1040 3946 sleep-disordered breathing 3374 – sarcoma 3241 single gene disorder 5 sleep-related solid organ transplant patient (SOT) 2557 single respiratory chain defect 2103 – eating disorder 3373 solute diuresis 2835 single ventricle – enuresis 3372 somatic – lesion 2347 – hallucination 3372 – complaints 1623 – physiology in adults 2449 sleep-sex disorder 3373 – hypermutation defect 1291 single-gene disorder 13, 61 sleep-talking 3373 somatization 690 single-nucleotide polymorphism 51 sleeping sickness 3413 somatomedin 3740 sinoatrial (SA) node 282 slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) 774, somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) 3313 sinovenous 3912, 3935 somnambulism 3372 – occlusion 3559 slipping rib syndrome 2154 Sotos syndrome 3233 – thrombosis 3556, 3564 slow onset syndrome 1884 spacer 1381 sinus slow virus disease 3417 spasticity 3601 – bradycardia 2387 slow-channel syndrome 3493 spatial resolution 2355 – disease 2212 Sly syndrome 521 specific granule deficiency (SGD) 1277, 3085 – histiocytosis 3214 small bowel specific learning disability (SLD) 628 – node 2383 – atresia 4012 speech disorder 622, 624 – polyp 3962 – bacterial overgrowth (SBBO) 1872 speed of airflow 2149 – rhythm 2388 small for gestational age 3749, 3754 spermatocele 3861 – tachycardia 2388, 2389 small inhibitory RNA strands (siRNA) 81 spherocytosis 314, 367, 2970, 2971 sinusitis 1202, 1364, 2226 small intestinal enteropathy of unknown sphincterotomy 1935 sinusoidal congestion 2005 1863 SPICE organisms 890 sirolimus 79 small left colon syndrome 4020 spider Sjoegren’s syndrome 1638, 1667, 2253, small vessel – angioma 1567, 2051 2825, 3261 – disease 2400 – antivenom 2638 Subject Index 4151

– bite 2637 STAT5b deficiency 1309 – skin infection 1046 – venom 2637 status – viridans 2305 Spielmeyer–Vogt disease 524 – epilepticus 3325, 3332 streptolysin 1045 spina bifida 6, 2884, 3918, 3997 – generalized convulsive 3328 stress spinal – migrainosus 3581 – fracture 3910 – cord steatocrit 1927 – gastritis 1794 – compression 3188 steatohepatitis 773, 1920, 2086 stressful situation 687 – injury 167, 2241, 3601, 3603 steatorrhea 1929 stretch receptor 198 – lesion 3450 steatosis 773, 2088 stridor 2129, 2131, 2177, 2362 – fusion 3924 steely hair syndrome 1494 string sign 1800 – muscular atrophy (SMA) 68, 2245, 2248, Steinert’s disease 3529 stroke 3302, 3555 3300, 3466, 3596 stem cell Strongyloides 1074 Spink5 1391 – sources 3179 – stercoralis 1078 3344, 3435, 3437 – therapy 80 strongyloidiasis 1078 – with neuropathy 1 3431 stenosis 4011 structural brain lesion 3317 spiral fracture 670 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia 2538 struvite stones 2867 spiramicin 323 stent placement 2368 stunting 711, 712 spirituality 3893 Stephanie ventilator 240 Sturge–Weber syndrome 142, 1556, 1557, spirometry 1371, 2133 stereotactic 3290, 4064 spironolactone 214 – body radiotherapy (SBRT) 3174 subacute spleen 1972, 1991 – radiosurgery 3173 – bacterial endocarditis (SBE) 2300 splenectomy 365, 367, 2972, 2982, 2986, 2987, stereotypic movement 3360 – necrotizing encephalomyelopathy 3404 2989, 2990 sternotomy 2297, 2375 – sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) 1223, splenic sequestration 3007 steroid 21-hydroxylase enzyme 341 1224, 3278, 3414, 3417 splenomegaly 313, 368, 369, 962, 2004, 2013, steroid phobia 1577 – thyroiditis 3801 2052, 2985, 2986, 2088–2991 steroid-induced psychosis 1634 subaortic stenosis 2337, 2339, 2340 splenoportography 2014 steroidogenesis subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) 165, 3571, split-liver graft 2119 – inborn defects 345 3573 spondyloarthritis 1601 – inborn errors 3685 subclavian flap aortoplasty 2375 spondyloarthropathy 1602 steroidogenic enzyme 3675, 3676 subconjunctival hemorrhage 162 spondylolisthesis 3924 stertor 2129 subcutaneous spondylolysis 3924, 3925 Stevens–Johnson syndrome 881, 1413, – emphysema 251 spontaneous bacterial peritonitis 1967 1189, 2873 – fat necrosis (SCFN) 1430 spoon nail 1509, 1511 sticker chart 594 – nodules 2429 sporozoites 1104 Stickler syndrome 35–37 subdiaphragmatic abdominal thrust 2489 sports Still’s murmur 2275, 2286, 2288 subdural – cardiology 2405 stimulant-response learning 585 – empyema 869 – medicine 3945 stimulatory effect 197 – hematoma (SDH) 165, 671, 3589 spotted fever group (SFG) 1025 stomach 1791 – hemorrhage 3571 square window 180 – anatomy 1803 subependymal giant cell astrocytoma 3284 squint 3251 stomatocytic elliptocytes 2989 subgaleal hemorrhage 164 St. John’s wort 3891 stomatocytosis 2989 submicroscopic imbalance syndrome 43 standard tube agglutination test stooling 150 submucous plexus 1839 964, 965 stork bite 141 subnutrition 711 Stanford Binet Intelligence Scale 616 strabismus 393, 494, 598, 3974 – anthropometrics 711 staphylococcal streptococcal – causes 712 – infection 140, 1037 – infection 1045, 1529, 1530, 2747 – dermatosis 716 – pneumonia 1039 – pharyngitis 2426 – edema 715 – scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) 1528 – toxic shock 2545 – in developed countries 712 – toxic shock 2544 – toxic shock-like syndrome 1046 – in developing countries 713 Staphylococcus 1190 Streptococcus 1190, 2743 – long-term effects 717 – aureus 337, 418, 1441, 1527, 1689, 2197, – group A (GAS) 2425, 2429 – pathophysiology 714 2305, 2538, 2883 – eradication 2430 – severe wasting 715 – cutaneous infections 1038 – agalactiae 865, 2538 – stunting 716 – methicillin-resistant (MRSA) 1037, – group A 1045 – treatment 718 1529, 2211 – group B (GBS) 289, 337, 1049 – weight gain 720 – coagulase-negative (CONS) 1041 – mutans 1730 suboxone 404 – epidermidis 1428, 2538 – pneumoniae 337, 364, 853, 864, 88, 1021, substance – saprophyticus 2883 1271, 1311, 1330, 1323, 2056, 2205, 2538, – abuse 3276, 3871, 3873 Starling’s equation 2163 2807, 2998, 3016 – dependence 3873 startle disease 3345, 3351, 3353 – pyogenes 2197, 2538 – P 1624 4152 Subject Index

substrate reduction therapy (SRT) 77 – indications 230 T subtotal sternal cleft 4004 – recommended doses 230 T lymphocyte 1186 1515 – technique and method of T wave 2384 Subutex 404 administration 231 T-antigen activation 364 subvalvar aortic stenosis 2281, 2374 Surfaxin 230 T-cell 1391 succinic surgical – activation 1270 – semialdehyde 487 – dermatology 1565 – development 1265 – acetoacetate 2029 – wound classification 823 – differentiation 1267 succinylacetone 2029 Sutton aphthae 1736 – effector mechanism 1270 sucking 140, 1430 swallowed maternal blood 1940 – immunodeficiency 1297 sucrase 306 sweat chloride test 2210 – lymphopenia 1304 sucrase-isomaltase deficiency 1875 sweating 188 – receptor (TCR) 1267 sudden arrhythmia death syndrome 2393 Sweet’s syndrome 1714 – excision circles (TRECs) 69, 1300 sudden cardiac death 2399 swimmer’s itch 1082 – response 1270 – causes 2399 swine influenza 1210, 2541 T-connector 412 – in the athlete 2404 Swyer syndrome 3657 T-piece 128 – mortality reduction 2406 Sydenham’s chorea 3347, 3348 – resuscitator 130 – prevention by preparticipation screening sympathetic nervous system tumor 3227 tachyarrhythmia 282, 398, 2449, 2459 2405 synchronized tachycardia 2278 – risk 2399 – cardioversion 284 – accessory pathway-mediated 2389 – trauma-related 2404 – intermittent mandatory ventilation tachygastria 1832 sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) 152, (SIMV) 2526 tachypnea 2204, 2277, 2278 2215, 3269 – ventilation 238, 241, 255 tacrolimus 1577, 1921, 2085, 2781 Sudeck’s atrophy 1625 syncope 2277, 3276 tactile sensation 608 suicidality 639 syndactyly 1743, 3927, 3937 Taenia suicide 2627, 3865–3867 – of the feet 145 – saginata 1084 – injury prevention education 2629 syndrome – solium 1084, 3337 sulfadiazine 323, 1606, 1905 – of appropriate antidiuretic hormone taeniasis 1074, 1084 sulfonamide 898 secretion (SAADH) 3732 Takao syndrome 2262 summertime flu 1027 – of energy failure 1964 Takayasu arteritis 1695 sunflower cataract 2035 – of epilepsia partialis continua 3352 talipes equinovarus 3938 superior cleft sternum 4004 – of inappropriate antdiuretic hormone Tamm–Horsfall superior vena cava (SVC) 264, 272, 415, secretion (SIADH) 296, 1772, 2516, 2568, – mucoprotein 2711, 2716 2358, 3188 2654, 2657 – protein (THP) 2869 supplemental immunization activities (SIAs) – of inappropriate sinus tachycardia 2388 Tamoxifen 62 1222 – of lack of affection 713 tandem mass spectrometry 472, 476 suppurative – of posterior reversible encephalopathy TAR syndrome 372 – labyrinthitis 869 (PRES) 3411 tardive dyskinesia 496 – parotitis 1738 – of severe myoclonic epilepsy 3273 target sign 1800 suprapubic bladder aspiration 424 syndromic obesity 772 targeted neonatal echocardiography supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal syphilis 328, 873, 874, 876, 877, 879, 1543, (TnECHO) 268 tumor (sPNET) 3219 2797, 3976 tarsal coalition 3942 supravalvar systemic Tay–Sachs disease 5, 68, 77, 3344, 3407 – aortic stenosis 2335, 2343, 2344, 2374 – anti-herpesvirus agent 904 – infantile 535 – pulmonic stenosis 2332 – arthritis 1587, 1594, 1596 – juvenile 536 – stenosis 2284, 2333, 2447 – blood flow 264 – late-onset form 3433 supravalvular aortic stenosis (SVAS) 2263 – disorder 3452 teen athlete 3831 supraventricular – granulomatosis 1718 teeth 1727 – arrhythmia 2388 – hypertension 2723 – development 1727 – tachycardia (SVT) 282, 283, 2389 – hypoperfusion 2256 – natal 1728 surface of blood cell 3041 – inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) – neonatal 1728 surfactant 201, 203, 2127 784, 2996 – primary dentition – basic composition 229 – lupus erythematosus (SLE) 282, 815, – exfoliation 1729 – deficiency 2199 1325, 1583, 1617, 1629, 1631, 1641, 1697, – hyperdontia 1730 – inherited disorders 233 2253, 2429, 2708, 1773, 2806, 3107, – 1730 – metabolism 229 3151, 3627 – trauma 1731 – polygenic variations 234 – therapy 73 telangiectasia 3136 – preparations 230 – vascular resistance (SVR) 785, telbivudine 918 – replacement therapy 229 2491, 2506 tele-echocardiography 2292 – adverse effects 232 systole 2283 telethoninopathy 3524, 3526 – combination with nasal CPAP 233 systolic arterial pressure 265 telogen effluvium 1502 Subject Index 4153 telomere 10 Thomsen disease 3532, 3533 tic 3341 telothinoninopathy 3525 thoracic – disorder 3342 temper tantrum 650 – air trapping 296 Tietze’s syndrome 2154 temporal – body wall anomaly 4003 tigacycline 900, 901 – lobe epilepsy 3277 – germ cell tumor 3256 Tinea 1527, 1530, 1543–1549, 1551 – resolution 2355 – surgery 4037 – capitis 1496, 1543 tenase 3132 thoracocentesis 421, 2493 – corporis 1545, 1548 – complex 3068 thoracostomy 422 – mentagrophytes 1543, 1545 Tenckoff catheter 464 thrombin 3071, 3073 – pedis 1545, 1546 tendon reflex 3298 – inhibitor 3072 – rubrum 1545 tension pneumothorax 208, 253 thrombocytopenia 112, 294, 361, 369, 371, 372, – versicolor 1547, 1548 tension-type headache 3586 420, 424, 455, 739, 1631, 1635, 1641, tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) 3133 teratogen 26, 35 1643–1645, 2769, 2971, 2997–3002, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) 3564 teratoma 3255, 3960, 3989, 3998, 3999, 4052 3101, 3108 tissue-specific biochemical testing 63 terrorism 689 – amegakaryocytic 3074 tissue-type plasminogen activator (TPA) 3152 testatin 3653 – drug-induced 3074 titinopathy 3525 testicular – late-onset 374 titratable acid 2693 – germ cell tumor 3255 – treatment 476 TNF-receptor-associated periodic ayndrome – neoplasm 3860 – with absent radii (TAR) 372 (TRAPS) 1706 – torsion 3858 – X-linked 373 toddler’s testis determining gene 3652 thrombocytopenia-absent radii (TAR) – diarrhea 1877 testosterone 341, 3636 syndrome 3092, 3098, 3106 – iron deficiency anemia 2966 – biosynthetic defect 3658 thrombocytopenic thrombotic purpura 3075 togaviridae 1259 testotoxicosis 3636, 3637, 3639, 3641 thrombocytosis 361, 1682 togavirus 2540 tet-spell 2314 thromboembolism 870 toll-like receptor 1282 tetanolysin 1051 thrombophilia 3108, 3110, 3146 – function defects 1282 tetanospasmin 1051 thrombophlebitis 736, 824, 3063 tongue 1738, 2130, 2176 tetanus 1051 thromboplastin 3132 tonsillectomy 1051, 2752 – generalized 1051 thrombopoiesis 3067 tonsillitis 1045 – immunoglobulin (TIG) 1052 thrombopoietin 3067, 3075 – streptococcal 1045 – neonatal 1051 thrombosis 374, 1643, 3131, 3556 topical – toxoid 956 – catheter-related 418 – calcineurin inhibitor (TCI) 1473 tetany 763 – UAC-associated 415 – corticosteroid 1423, 1574 tetracycline 899, 1459 thrombotic TORCH 799, 801 tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) 156, 805, 810, 2262, – disorders in the neonate 3108 – agent 1987 2264, 2309, 2312, 2379, 2246 – thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) 2775, – infection 371, 392, 399, 3450, 3599 tetraploidy 41, 53 2971, 2996, 2997, 2999 Tornwaldt cyst 3960 tetrapyrrole 317 – vaso-occlusive lesion 1642 torsades de pointes 2393 tetrathiomolybdate 2039 thromboxane 3072 torsion thalamus 3381 – receptor 3072 – of epididymal appendage 3859 thalassemia 364, 2436, 3029 thromobocytopenia absent radius (TAR) – of testicular appendage 3859 – alpha thalassemia 365, 3029 syndrome 52 – of the glans 145 – beta 314, 365, 3033 – modifier (mTAR) 52 torticollis 163, 3299, 3356, 3923 – gamma-beta-delta thalassemia 365 thumb sign 991 total theophylline overdose 2643 thymectomy 3501 – anomalous pulmonary venous therapeutic time window 383 thymic development defect 1303 connection (TAPVC) 2321, 2376 therapy thymocyte egress defect 1302 – body water 2511 – antibacterial 887 thyroglobulin 3792 – iron-binding capacity (TIBC) 2622 – antiviral 903 thyroglossal duct cyst 4046 – lung capacity (TLC) 2133 – at the intracellular level 78 thyroid 2434 – parenteral nutrition (TPN) 476, 454, 834, thermal – disorder 2434, 3791 1906, 1909, 1919, 3188 – environment 189 – dysgenesis 3794 Tourette syndrome 3342 – stress 187 – gland cancer 3800 toxic thermoregulation 187 – hormone – inhalation 2229 thiamine – resistance syndrome 3800 – neuropathy 3478 – deficiency 745 – secretion 3609 – shock syndrome (TSS) 884, 2544 – dependency 746 – nodule 3799 – synovitis 3933 thiazide 214 thyroid-binding globulin disorder 3800 Toxicodendron spp. 1468 – diuretics 2873 thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) Toxocara thin basement membrane nephropathy 3609, 3791 – canis 1079 (TBMN) 2759 tibial spine avulsion fracture 3950 – catti 1079 4154 Subject Index

toxocariaris 1074, 1079 translational therapy 79 triploidy 41, 53 toxoplasma 802 transplacental drug therapy 398 trismus 1051 – gondii 321 transplant process 3181, 3184 trisomy 41 toxoplasmosis 321, 392, 800, 2797, 3975 transposable genetic element 11 –134,39 tracheamalacia 2199 transposition –1522 tracheitis 1038, 2197, 2548 – of the great arteries 2378 – 18 4, 39, 2261, 3233 tracheobronchial airway system 195 – of the great vessels 2315 – 21 3, 10, 25, 39, 93, 138, 143, 614, 2261 tracheobronchomalacia 2191 transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) 808, – incidence 42 tracheoesophageal fistula 247, 2179, 3989 2358, 2443 – X syndrome 39 tracheomalacia 2150, 2179 transtracheal catheter ventilation 2489 trivalent inactivate influenza vaccine (TIV) 938 tracheomegaly 2199 transverse myelitis 3277 trochlear (CN IV) 3457, 3459 tracheostomy 2178 trauma 649, 2498, 3589, 3953 Trousseau’s sign 760, 3614 trachoma 967, 968, 972 – non-accidental 3954 Truncus arteriosus 2300, 2316, 2319, 2375 trachyonychia 1512 traumatic Trypanosoma brucei traction alopecia 1495 – brain injury (TBI) 3567, 3596 – gambiense 3413 transcatheter 2306 – coma 3396 – rhodesiense 3413 transcriptional therapy 78 – mononeuropathy 3475 trypsinogen deficiency 1931 transepidermal water loss (TEWL) 187 traumatization 697 tryptase 1409, 1410 transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) 2359 Treacher–Collins syndrome 1744, 2177 tryptophan 747 transferase deficiency galactosemia 2017 treatment of neonatal seizures 3321, 3322 tube feeding 730 transferrin 2964 trematodes 1080 tuberculin skin test (TST) 1053, 1057 transfusion tremor 2034, 3341, 3353 tuberculoma 1055, 3278 – of blood products 3041 – during target-directed movements 3354 tuberculosis 720, 1053, 2558 – therapy 3188 Treponema – drug-resistant 1059 transfusion-associated graft versus host disease – pallidum 328, 873, 3976 – infection 929 (TA-GVHD) 3043 – agglutination assay (TPPA) 876 – miliary 1056 transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) – hemagglutination assay (TPHA) 876 – osteoarticular 1055 2166, 2169, 3049 Trial of Indomethacin Prophylaxis in Preterms – pulmonary 1054 transient (TIPP) 275 – treatment in children 1058 – benign neonatal dermatosis 1426 triangular alopecia 1491 tuberculous – dystonia 435 trichinosis 1074 – dactylitits 1056 – elastography 2045 trichobezoars 1795 – lymphadenopathy 1055 – erythroblastopenia of childhood (TEC) Trichomonas vaginalis 873, 877 – meningitis 855, 3562 3097, 3098 Trichomycosis nodularis 1497 tuberous sclerosis 3162 – food-sensitive enteropathy 1884 trichonodosis 1493 – complex (TSC) 79, 3283 – hematuria 424 trichophagia 1495 tubular – hyperglycemia 3766, 3772 Trichophyton mentagrophytes 1514 – myelin 229 – hyperinsulinism 3809 trichorrhexis – reabsorption 2690, 2692 – hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy – invaginata 1494 – reabsorption of phosphate (TRP) 2692 (THI) 1293 – nodosa 1493 tubulointerstitial nephritis 2786, 2879 – hypothyroxinemia 3796 Trichosporon beigelii 1498 – lupus-induced 2786 – idiopathic dystonia of infancy 3356 trichothiodystrophy 1493 tufted angioma 1556, 1563, 1564 – ischemic attack (TIA) 3010, 3555, 3559 trichotillomania 1495 tufting enteropathy 1862, 1874 – maternally acquired myasthenia trichuriasis tumor 609, 3913 gravis 3305 – whipworm infection 1078 – lysis syndrome (TLS) 3194, 3195 – movement disorders (TMD) 3355 Trichuris 1074 – of the brain stem or meninges 3461 – neonatal hypoparathyroidism 3615 – trichura 1078 – suppressor gene 6 – neonatal neutropenia 375 tricuspid tumor-induced rickets (TIO) 765 – neonatal pustular melanosis (TNPM) – atresia 2376 tungiasis 1514 140, 1428 – valve 2298 tunica albuginea 3650 – pustular melanosis 1517 – stenosis 2331 Turcot syndrome 3162 – synovitis 3911 tricyclic antidepressant 2628 Turner syndrome 3, 34, 35, 66, 138, 2270, 2340, – of the hip 1611, 3933 triethlyene tetramine hydrochloride 2038 2344, 2345, 2698, 3513, 3633–3636, 3645, – tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) 200 trigeminal autonomic cephalgia 3587 3669, 3742, 3749, 3751, 3755 – tyrisonemia 751 triple twenty nail dystrophy 1512 – vascular phenomenon 1427 – A syndrome 3684 twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) – to adult care 3901 – edema 399 110, 360, 375, 399 – to extrauterine life 115 – negative thymocytes 1265 tympanic transitional murmur 155 – reassortant virus 1210 – membrane perforation 869 transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt triplegia 3599 – temperature 188 (TIPS) 2062, 2070 triplet gestation 110 tympanocentesis 867 Subject Index 4155 tympanometry 604, 866 urethritis 968, 969 valgus deformity 1593 tympanosclerosis 869 urethrorrhagia 2706, 2707 valproate-induced hepatotoxicity 2106 tympanostomy tube placement 868 uridine diphosphate galactose-4 epimerase valproic acid (VPA) 3405 tyrosine deficiency galactosemia 2020 Valsalva maneuver 2286 – kinase inhibitor 3171 urinary valvar aortic stenosis 2374 – metabolism 2029 – alkalinization 2625 valvectomy 2264 tyrosinemia 500, 1962, 2029, 2095, 2096, 2099 – indices 2911, 2912 valvuloplasty 2264, 2367, 2368 – type 1 499, 504, 2823, 2827 – sediment 2911 35 tyrosinuria 492 – stone disease 2857 vancomycin 338, 851, 899 Tzanck smear 877, 1187 – tract infection (UTI) 425, 1043, 2561, vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) 851 2883, 2941, 3260 vanishing white matter disease 3407, 3433 U – catheter-associated 841 variceal ulcer 1791 urine – banding 2070 ulceration 1650–1653 – acidification 2692, 2693, 2834, 3850 – bleeding 1941, 2052, 2068 ulcerative colitis 1876, 1888, 1901, 1902 – dinitrophenylhydrazine test 465, 466 – injection sclerotherapy 2068 – adenocarcinoma 1904 – ketone testing 3776 Varicella 826, 1185, 1187 ulinastatin 1681 – output 2907, 2908, 2911, 2913, 2914 – pneumonia 332 Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy urokinase 3135 – vaccine 955, 957, 1191 3517, 3518 urolithiasis 2027, 2683, 2684, 2859 – zoster 332, 903, 1185, 1534, 1536, ultrasonography/ultrasound 91, 1092–1094, uroporphyrin 565 1735, 2539 2138, 3990–3992, 3995–3999 uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase (UROD) 566 – immune globulin (VZIG) 332, 1192, ultraviolet (UV) light 1421 ursodeoxycholic acid (UCDA) 1979, 1999, 1537 umbilical 2086, 2090 varicocele 3861 – arterial catheter (UAC) 413 urticaria 1405, 1406 variegate porphyria (VP) 564, 3064 – artery Doppler 100, 102, 103 uveitis 1589, 1717–1719 vasa previa 108 – cord 151 vascular – blood 3179 V – anomaly 4053 – Doppler velocimetry 103 vaccination schedule 936 – disorder 3289 – granuloma 1429 vaccine 860, 929–959, 1203, 1207 – malformations 1555–1557, 1561, 3591 – hematoma 144 – acellular pertussis 945, 947 – neoplasms 1555, 1556, 1559, 1561 – hernia 144, 4006 – BCG 929, 930 – stenosis 2368 – venous catheter (UVC) 427 – diphtheria 930–933, 942, 945, 947, 948, – system 1117 uncal herniation 3391 951, 956, 957 vasculitic rash 1632 unclassified bone marrow dysfunction 3099 – Haemophilus influenza b (HIB) 930 vasculitis 1413, 1675 uncomable hair syndrome 1492 – hepatitis – Kawasaki disease 1675 unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia 2007–2010 – A 934 – syndrome 817 undernutrition 1820, 3830 – B 930, 934–936, 947 – Takayasu arteritis 1695 unilateral facial weakness 3301 – human papilloma virus 937, 938 vasculopathy 1653, 1654 unilocular echinococcosis 1091 – IPV 930, 935, 945, 947, 951, 952, 956 vaso-occlusive event 3008 uniparental disomy (UPD) 3812 – LAIV 938–940 vasomotor nephropathy 2908, 2914 universal – measles 930, 940–942, 944, 955, 956 vasopressin 263, 268, 2068, 2654, 2692–2694, – newborn hearing screening (UNHS) – meningococcal 1011, 1014 2853–2855 program 604 – mumps 930, 940, 943–945, 955 – biosynthesis 3719 – respiratory hygiene 827 – OPV 949–952 – secretion 3720 unrelated cord blood (UCB) transplantation 73 – pertussis 930, 931, 945–947, 951, 956 vasovagal syncope 3276 unstable hemoglobins 3023, 3026 – pneumococcal 948, 949 VATER association 2698 Unverricht–Lundborg disease 3418 – polio 930, 945, 947, 949, 950, 952, 954, velocardiofacial syndrome 34, 35, 624, 627, upper airway 956 2262, 3107 – obstruction (UAO) 2221, 2489, 2546 – polysaccharides 942, 948 velopharyngeal palatine incompetence 624 – resistance syndrome 3375 – rubella 940, 941, 944, 954–956 venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL) upper extremity injury 169 – tetanus 930–933, 942, 945, 947, 948, 951, test 329, 876 upper gastrointestinal bleeding 1938, 1942 952, 956, 957 venipuncture 416 upper gastrointestinal endoscopy 1808 – TIV 938–940 Venn diagram 168 upper respiratory tract infection 864, 1204 – varicella 940, 944, 955, 957–959 venous urea cycle disorder 463, 3432 vaccine-associated paralytic polio (VAPP) 952 – blood gas (VBG) 2143 Ureaplasma urealyticum 214, 1286 VACTERL association 25, 2313, 2698, 4023 – malformation 1555, 1557, 4063 ureidopenicillin 893 vaginitis 3852 – sinus thrombosis 3308 uremic encephalopathy 3411 vaginosis 3852 – thromboembolism (VTE) 418, 3152 ureterocele 2904 valaciclovir 333, 908 – thrombosis 1643 ureteropelvic junction obstruction 2899, 2902 Valerian 3891 ventilation ureterorenoscopy 2874 valganciclovir 910 – failure 2142 4156 Subject Index

– noninvasive 2184 – rhinitis 3961 W – strategy 126 – syndrome 1201 1522 ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch 196, Virchow’s triad 3108, 3146 WAGR syndrome 67, 3162, 3233 2145 viremia 1147 Waldeyer ring 3204 ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) 251, virus isolation 924 Walker–Warburg syndrome 3287, 3519, 3521 837, 2560 viscera larva migrans (VLM) 1079 warfarin 754, 2062, 3149, 3151 ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) 2146, visionscreening for children 600 warm shock 785 2521 visual warts 1541 ventricular – acuity 597, 600 water 2649–2652 – afterload 262 – development 3973 – balance 290, 2511, 2653 – arrhythmia 2392, 2401 – impairment 597, 660 – homeostasis 2653 – fibrillation 2394, 2493 – causes 599 – requirement 708 – preexcitation syndrome 2385, 2402 – screening tests 610 Waterhouse–Friderichsen syndrome – septal defect (VSD) 805, 2257, 2261, 2298, – spatial ability 629 1012, 3683 2380, 2445 vital weaning 226, 242, 710 – murmur 2289 – capacity 2133 Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children 616 – septal device closure 2370 – signs 2277 Wegener’s granulomatosis 815, 817, 1689, 2720, – tachycardia 2493 vitamin 2805, 3725 ventriculoperitoneal shunting 3308 – A 751 Weibel–Palade bodies 3123 – infection 1043 – deficiency 598, 600, 752, 2000 weight control 3829 ventriculostomy 3563 – toxicity 753 Wenckebach conduction 2384 ventriculotomy 2332 – B9 749 Werdnig–Hoffmann verapamil-sensitive ventricular tachycardia – B12 748 – atrophy 171 2393 – deficiency 1917, 3550 – disease 64, 2245, 3295, 3452, 3467 vernal disease 3977 – C 750 Wernicke Vernix caseosa 1425, 1427 – deficiency 750, 2000 – encephalopathy 746, 3386 Verruca 1541 – D 709 – syndrome 2599 – plana 1542 – pseudodeficiency 3620 West Nile virus 3590 – vulgaris 1542, 1566 – rickets 763 West syndrome 3329, 3404 very-long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase – deficiencies 745 wet drowning 2239 deficiency 485 – E 709, 753 Wharton’s jelly 144, 4006 vesicle 881 – deficiency 362, 753, 2990 wheezing 2189–2193 vesicoureteral – toxicity 753 – management 2189–2193 – anastomosis 2937 – K (phytomenanadione) 709, 754 WHIM syndrome 3081 – reflux (VUR) 2683, 2883, 2889, 2902 – deficiency 754, 1898, 1937, Whipple’s triad 146 vespidae 1415 2000, 3141 whipworm infection 1078 vestibulocochlear schwannoma 3289 – toxicity 754 whispering dysphonia 3349 vestibuloocular reflex 3390 – thiamine (B1) 745 white matter disease 380 Vibrio cholerae 977 – water-soluble 745 white pupillary reflex 598 vicarious traumatization 697 vitelline veins 1959 white reflex 3251 Vicia faba 2977 vitiligo 1524–1526 whitlow 1513 video capsule endoscopy 1955 vocal cord whole bowel irrigation (WBI) 2589 video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) – paralysis 2178, 3516 wide operculum 483 4043 – paresis 3302 Williams syndrome 33, 34, 615, 624, 2263, villous atrophy 1873 voiding 2333, 2335, 2343, 3623 vincristine 3236 – cystourethrogram 2700, 2734, 2899, 2903 Williams–Beuren syndrome 2263 Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale 433 – dysfunction 2884, 2891 Wilms tumor 66, 726, 2796, 3162, 3165, 3176, VIPoma 1878 volatile organic compounds (VOC) 2229 3230, 3233 viral volume depletion 2649, 2652 – suppressor gene 3652 – 925 volume-controlled ventilation 238 Wilson disease 76, 1971, 2033–2037, 2095, – disease 923 volume-expanding fluid 132 2097, 2099, 2825, 2827, 3345, 3348, 3352, – laboratory diagnosis 923 volume-targeted ventilation 239, 242 3355, 3980 – exanthem 881 volutrauma 230, 245, 254, 2522 – presymptomatic 2037 – gastroenteritis 1848 vomiting 1770 Wiscott–Aldrich syndrome (WAS) 373, 376, – genome quantification (VL) 926 – triggering factors 1770 848, 1280, 1311, 1322, 1339, 1392, 1618, – hemorrhagic fever (VHF) 1129, 2542 von Gierke’s disease 490, 2024, 2823 1619, 2556, 3080, 3097, 3107 – hepatitis 1133, 2095 von Hippel–Landau (VHL) gene 3037 witches milk 144 – infection 825, 2540 von Willebrand Wolff–Parkinson–White (WPW) – regional 2541 – disease (VWD) 3104, 3123, 3124 – pattern 2385, 2389 – meningitis 856, 3562, 3590 – factor 3056, 3101, 3115 – syndrome 282, 2281, 2394, 2399, 3405 – respiratory infection 2216 – receptor 3070 Wolffian tubercle 3655 Subject Index 4157

Wolfram syndrome 3727 – lymphoproliferative syndrome (XLP) yolk sac tumor 3221, 3256 Wolman disease 522, 3687 1280 Young Mania Rating Scale 641 Wood’s lamp 1423 – thrombocytopenia 3107 woolly hair syndrome 1492 X-ray 1091 Z wound related infection 2561 xanthoma 1995, 2051 Z-disk protein 3523 xenobiotics 1963 zanamivir 914, 1215 X xeroderma pigmentosum 3431 Zellweger syndrome 73, 467, 468, 470, X-chromosome 15 xerophthalmia 718, 752 1892, 3268 – inactivation 16, 19, 65 xerostomia 1738 Zenker diverticulum 1750 X-inactivation center (XIC) 19 Zeta-associated protein of 70 kDa (ZAP-70) X-linked Y deficiency 1301 – adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) 73, 536 Y-chromosome 15 zidovudine 336 – agammaglobulinemia (XLA) 1285, 1286 Y-linked disorder 21 zinc 710, 2038, 2039 – dominant traits 20 yellow fever 2542 ziprasidone 654 – forms of CMT 3481, 3483 yellow jacket 1415 Zollinger–Ellison syndrome 1805, 1810, – genetic-metabolic diseases with Yersinia 1850 1878, 1941 ataxia 3432 – enterocolitica 1872 Zoster 1186 – hypophosphatemia (XLH) 765, 3621 Yoga 3892 zygomycetes 1061

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Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy of the information presented and to describe generally accepted practices. However, the authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for any consequences from application of the information in this book and make no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the currency, completeness, or accuracy of the contents of the publication. Application of this information in a particular situation remains the professional responsibility of the practitioner. The authors, editors, and publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accordance with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new or infrequently employed drug. Some drugs and medical devices presented in this publication have Food and Drug Administration (FDA) clearance for limited use in restricted research settings. It is the responsibility of the health care provider to ascertain the FDA status of each drug or device planned for use in their clinical practice.