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Water Polo Officiating Manual WATER POLO OFFICIATING MANUAL Produced by United States Water Polo 1685 West Uintah Colorado Springs, CO 80904-2921 Phone: 719-634-0699 Fax: 719-634-0866 E-mail: [email protected] Terence P. Ma, Co-Editor Steven J. Rotsart Jr., Co-Editor Officiating Manual Group: Bret B. Bernard Loren A Bertocci Bill Frady and Peter L. Snyder Version:3.0 Release Date:August 1, 2002 Copyright 2002 by United States Water Polo, Inc. All Rights Reserved Water Polo Officiating Manual Page i Dedication The second edition of the US Water Polo Officiating Manual is dedicated to the memory of Steven L. Heaston. Thanks for your countless hours of effort for the sport you loved so dearly. Rest in Peace. Version 3.0 Release Date: August 1, 2002 Water Polo Officiating Manual Page ii USA Water Polo Statement on Violence There have been increasing numbers of commentaries regarding the level of physical aggression seen in Water Polo games. As provided in the playing rules, incidental contact between players is to be expected during the course of a game. However, overly aggressive, violent, and/or brutal play have no place within the sport; and, bring disre- pute to its integrity. This Manual provides guidelines to distinguish between appropriate physical play and inap- propriate and untoward actions. Referees are obliged to enforce the rules to ensure safe play of the game, which may mean that an official has to compromise advantage situations to penalize inappropriate overly aggressive or violent play. The safety of the players must be the primary concern of each and every Water Polo referee and partici- pant. Bret B. Bernard, AICP Past President of United States Water Polo, Inc. Bill Frady U.S.A. Representative to ASUA Technical Water Polo Committee Peter L. Snyder, Ph.D. Chair of United States Water Polo, Inc. National Coaches Committee and Association Terence P. Ma, Ph.D. Co-Editor, Water Polo Officiating Manual Steven J Rotsart Jr. Co-Editor, Water Polo Officiating Manual July 1, 2002 Version 3.0 Release Date: August 1, 2002 Water Polo Officiating Manual Page iii Preface to the Third Edition The goal of officiating any sport, and especially Water Polo, should be to control the game so that the play remains within the adopted rules and the intent expressed behind the written rules. The optimal situation is that after the conclusion of each game the participants do not remember who the referees were. This means that the officials maintained play within the specified rules without unduly influencing the outcome of the match – in other words, allowing the “best” team to win. The purpose of this Officiating Manual is to help each and every Water Polo referee to better understand the playing rules, their intent, and to learn better how to control the game of Wa- ter Polo without unnecessarily influencing it. To accomplish this goal every official should always strive to be more consistent with his/her calls. This consistency should be sought in each game and throughout the Water Polo year. At the same time, it is important that all games be called consistently, not just by one referee but also by all referees. Every referee should have the same philosophical understanding of the game; this Manual provides the basis for that understanding. Officials should whistle the game of Water Polo using the instructions and interpretations in this Manual; this will improve the understanding and consistency of refereeing. This will benefit the players, coaches, administrators, spectators, and fellow referees. All Water Polo referees are expected to officiate the game as specified in the rules and should strive to call the game as described in this Manual. All revision and changes of the playing and other rules, inter- pretations, and instructions will be published. Until modifications, revisions, or changes are published – the guide to refereeing Water Polo in the United States of America can be found in the ensuing pages of this Officiating Manual. We also hope that that this Manual is read and employed by the game’s coaches and administrators so that a common knowledge and understanding of Water Polo and how it should be officiated is shared. We understand that no individual will agree with every interpretation or instruction provided in a Water Polo Manual or other medium. This is due to our individual and different experiences within the sport. This Water Polo Officiating Manual is, however, a consensus document with contributions from many individuals and groups. Consistent with the collegial production of the first edition, this second edition of the United States Water Polo, Inc. Officiating Manual results from the concerted efforts by many individuals both in the United States and throughout the world. Many domestic and international coaches and referees have again reviewed it. These include former and current National and Olympic teams’ coaches and game officials. In addition, this Manual has been reviewed and contributed to by the: United States Water Polo National Referees and Coaches Associations; Association Interna- tionale de Arbiters des Water Polo (International Water Polo Referees Association); the World Water Polo Coaches Association; and, the Technical Water Polo Committees for Federation International de Natation Amateur (FINA – International Swimming Federation), Amateur Swimming Union of the Americas (ASUA/UANA – Swimming Federation of North and South America), Amateur Asian Swimming Federation (AASF), and Liguee European de Natation (Swimming Federation of Europe). This Officiating Manual, as with the first edition, is truly a work in progress – a “living” document. It will necessarily change as the sport and rules of Water Polo change. Every individual can assist in maintaining the ef- fectiveness and credibility of this Manual by sending comments and suggestions. We look forward to your review of this document and any thoughts and contributions you may suggest to improve the Manual. These contributions should be provided to the USWP, Inc. National Office. They will be reviewed and appropriately incorporated as the Officiating Manual is reviewed and revised with future editions. We earnestly hope that this USWP Officiating Manual, and the efforts which produced it, provide a posi- Version 3.0 Release Date: August 1, 2002 Water Polo Officiating Manual Page iv tive contribution to your understanding, enjoyment, and involvement in the game of Water Polo. Bret B. Bernard, AICP Past President of United States Water Polo, Inc. Bill Frady U.S.A. Representative to ASUA Technical Water Polo Committee Peter L. Snyder, Ph.D. Chair of United States Water Polo, Inc. National Coaches Committee and Association Terence P. Ma, Ph.D. Co-Editor, Water Polo Officiating Manual Steven J. Rotsart Jr. Co-Editor, Water Polo Officiating Manual May 1, 2002 Version 3.0 Release Date: August 1, 2002 Water Polo Officiating Manual Page v Preface to the Second Edition The goal of officiating any sport, and especially Water Polo, should be to control the game so that the play remains within the adopted rules and the intent expressed behind the written rules. The optimal situation is that after the conclusion of each game the participants do not remember who the referees were. This means that the officials maintained play within the specified rules without unduly influencing the outcome of the match – in other words, allowing the “best” team to win. The purpose of this Officiating Manual is to help each and every Water Polo referee to better understand the playing rules, their intent, and to learn better how to control the game of Wa- ter Polo without unnecessarily influencing it. To accomplish this goal every official should always strive to be more consistent with his/her calls. This consistency should be sought in each game and throughout the Water Polo year. At the same time, it is important that all games be called consistently, not just by one referee but also by all referees. Every referee should have the same philosophical understanding of the game; this Manual provides the basis for that understanding. Officials should whistle the game of Water Polo using the instructions and interpretations in this Manual; this will improve the understanding and consistency of refereeing. This will benefit the players, coaches, administrators, spectators, and fellow referees. All Water Polo referees are expected to officiate the game as specified in the rules and should strive to call the game as described in this Manual. All revision and changes of the playing and other rules, inter- pretations, and instructions will be published. Until modifications, revisions, or changes are published – the guide to refereeing Water Polo in the United States of America can be found in the ensuing pages of this Officiating Manual. We also hope that that this Manual is read and employed by the game’s coaches and administrators so that a common knowledge and understanding of Water Polo and how it should be officiated is shared. We understand that no individual will agree with every interpretation or instruction provided in a Water Polo Manual or other medium. This is due to our individual and different experiences within the sport. This Water Polo Officiating Manual is, however, a consensus document with contributions from many individuals and groups. Consistent with the collegial production of the first edition, this second edition of the United States Water Polo, Inc. Officiating Manual results from the concerted efforts by many individuals both in the United States and throughout the world. Many domestic
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