Environmental Impact Assessment
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Environmental Impact Assessment for Dholera Greenfield International Airport, Navagam, Gujarat Airports Authority of India NABET Accredited Environmental Consultant No. 2, 2nd Street, Thangam Colony, Anna Nagar West, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600040 Tele: 044 2616 1123, www.abctechnolab.com EIA/EMP for Development of Proposed Dholera Greenfield International Airport Airports Authority of India Table of Contents Table of Contents Compliance of TOR Executive Summary CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Preamble 1-1 1.2 General Information on Airport Sector 1-2 1.3 Environmental Clearance Process 1-2 1.4 Regulatory Compliance Requirement 1-3 1.5 Terms of Reference 1-4 1.6 Validity of Environmental Clearance 1-6 1.7 Post Environmental Clearance Monitoring 1-6 1.8 Transferability of Environmental Clearance 1-6 1.9 Brief Description of the Project 1-6 1.9.1 Salient features of the site 1-7 1.9.2 Location of Dholera Airport 1-7 1.9.3 Geographical Condition of Dholera 1-8 1.10 Structure of Environmental Impact Assessment Report 1-8 CHAPTER 2 : DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT 2.1 Introduction 2-1 2.2 Need of Dholera Greenfield International Airport 2-1 2.3 Site for Dholera Greenfield International Airport 2-2 2.4 Traffic Potential of the Proposed Greenfield Airport 2-2 2.5 Freight Traffic 2-4 2.6 Annual Aircraft Movement 2-5 2.7 Airport Development 2-6 2.7.1 Runway Length 2-7 2.7.2 Aerodrome Category 2-7 2.7.3 Aerodrome Reference Point 2-9 2.7.4 Runway Orientation 2-9 2.7.5 Runway Dimension 2-9 2.7.6 Runway End Safety Area 2-10 2.7.7 Taxiways 2-10 2.7.8 Size of Apron 2-10 2.7.9 Pavement Strength 2-10 2.7.10 Wind direction Indicator 2-11 2.7.11 Landing Direction Indicator 2-11 2.7.12 Ground Support Equipment (GSE) Parking Area 2-11 2.7.13 ATC Control Tower 2-11 2.8 Fuel Farm 2-11 2.9 Navigational/ Landing Aids (NAVAIDS) 2-11 2.10 Terminal Buildings 2-12 2.11 Cargo Terminal 2-12 2.12 Operational Area Boundary Wall and Perimeter Road 2-13 2.13 Utilities 2-13 2.13.1 Air Conditioning 2-13 2.13.2 Power Requirements 2-13 2.13.3 Water Requirement and Source of Water 2-14 2.13.4 Landscaping Plan 2-14 2.13.5 Parking Facilities at Airport 2-15 I ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited EIA/EMP for Development of Proposed Dholera Greenfield International Airport Airports Authority of India Table of Contents 2.13.6 Fire Fighting Facilities 2-15 2.13.7 Rain Water Harvesting 2-17 CHAPTER 3 : DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 3.1 Introduction 3-1 3.2 Physical Environment 3-1 3.2.1 Topography And Physiography 3-1 3.2.2 Geology & Minerals 3-1 3.2.3 Soil Characteristics 3-2 3.2.4 Water Resource and Water Quality 3-6 3.2.5 Climatology and Meteorology 3-20 3.2.6 Ambient air Quality 3-24 3.2.7 Ambient Noise Level 3-39 3.2.8 Natural Hazards and Disaster Risk 3-40 3.2.9 Landuse Pattern 3-44 3.3 Biological Environment 3-47 3.3.1 Introduction 3-47 3.3.2 Terrestrial Ecology 3-47 3.3.3 Aquatic Ecology 3-54 3.3.4 Coastal Ecology 3-55 3.4 Socio-Economic Environment 3-60 3.4.1 Introduction 3-60 3.4.2 Demographic and Occupational Pattern of Ahmedabad District 3-60 3.4.3 Demographics Details of the Settlements in the Study Area 3-63 3.4.4 Socio-Economic Status of the Study Area 3-64 3.4.5 Cropping Pattern 3-64 3.4.6 Livestock 3-65 3.4.7 Living Standards and Infrastructure 3-65 3.5 Heritage Structures with Study area 3-66 CHAPTER 4: ANTICIPATED OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT & MITIGATION MEASURES 4.1 Introduction 4-1 4.2 Anticipated Impact and Mitigation Measures for Pre-Construction Phase 4-4 4.3 Anticipated Impact and Mitigation Measures for Construction Phase 4-5 4.3.1 Topography & Physiography 4-5 4.3.2 Land Use Pattern 4-6 4.3.3 Soil Quality 4-7 4.3.4 Drainage Pattern 4-8 4.3.5 Flood as Natural Disaster 4-9 4.3.6 Water Resources 4-9 4.3.7 Water Quality 4-10 4.3.8 Ambient Air Quality 4-11 4.3.9 Noise Levels 4-13 4.3.10 Terrestrial Ecology 4-16 4.3.11 Occupational Safety and Health 4-17 4.3.12 Socio-Economic Environment 4-18 4.4 Operation Phase 4-20 4.4.1 Topography and Physiography 4-21 II ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited EIA/EMP for Development of Proposed Dholera Greenfield International Airport Airports Authority of India Table of Contents 4.4.2 Water Resources 4-21 4.4.3 Water Quality 4-22 4.4.4 Soil 4-23 4.4.5 Ambient Air Quality 4-23 4.4.6 Noise Levels 4-33 4.4.7 Traffic Management 4-36 4.4.8 Land Use Pattern 4-38 4.4.9 Terrestrial Ecology 4-38 4.4.10 Coastal Environment 4-39 4.4.11 Heritage Structures 4-40 4.4.12 Occupational Hazards and Safety 4-40 4.4.13 Components Creating Impacts to Socio-Economic Environment 4-42 CHAPTER 5: ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 5.1 Introduction 5-1 5.2 Alternative of Project Site 5-1 5.3 Alternative for Energy Conservation 5-6 5.4 Alternative for Conservation of Water 5-6 5.5 Rainwater Harvesting 5-6 CHAPTER 6 : ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 6.1 Statutory Compliance /Returns 6-1 6.2 Environmental Monitoring 6-1 6.2.1 Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) Monitoring 6-2 6.2.2 Water Quality Monitoring 6-2 6.2.3 Noise Levels Monitoring 6-2 6.2.4 Soil 6-2 6.3 Environmental Reporting System 6-5 6.4 Environmental Monitoring Cost 6-7 CHAPTER 7 : RISK ASSESSMENT AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 7.1 Introduction 7-1 7.2 Approach for the Risk Analysis 7-1 7.3 Fuel Storage at the Greenfield International Airport 7-1 7.4 Hazard Identification 7-2 7.4.1 Introduction 7-2 7.4.2 Identification of Hazards Due to Storage of HSD and ATF 7-2 7.4.3 Identification of Hazards Based on MSIHC Rule, 2000 7-4 7.4.4 Maximum Credible Accident Analysis (MCAA) 7-7 7.4.5 Scenarios Considered for MCA Analysis 7-8 7.4.6 Risk Mitigation Measures 7-19 7.5 Disaster Management Plan 7-20 7.5.1 Objective of Emergency Planning 7-21 7.5.2 Categorization of Emergencies 7-21 7.5.3 Key Functions of Airport Operator and Other Supporting 7-22 Organizations/Agencies/Services for mitigation of emergency at proposed International Airport. 7.5.4 Emergency Operations/Coordination Centers Established for Mitigation of 7-23 Emergencies III ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited EIA/EMP for Development of Proposed Dholera Greenfield International Airport Airports Authority of India Table of Contents 7.5.5 Media Management 7-25 7.5.6 Emergency Procedures 7-26 7.6 Training and Education 7-28 7.7 Mock Drills and Exercises 7-28 7.8 Updating of Emergency Plan 7-30 CHAPTER 8: PROJECT BENEFITS 8.1 General 8-1 8.2 Direct and Indirect Benefits 8-1 8.3 Improvements in the Physical Infrastructure 8-2 8.4 Socio-Economic Benefits 8-2 8.5 Employment Potential – Skilled; Semi-Skilled and Unskilled 8-2 CHAPTER 9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 9.1 Introduction 9-1 9.2 Environmental management Measures 9-1 9.2.1 Soil 9-1 9.2.2 Water Quality 9-2 9.2.3 Sewage (Waste Water) Management 9-2 9.2.4 Solid Waste Management 9-6 9.2.5 Air Quality 9-8 9.2.6 Noise Levels 9-9 9.2.7 Vehicle Parking and Management 9-10 9.2.8 Energy Conservation Measures 9-10 9.2.9 Minimization of Greenhouse Gas Emissions 9-10 9.2.10 Pesticide Use and Management 9-11 9.2.11 Bird Hazards 9-11 9.2.12 Landscaping and Green Belt Development Plan 9-12 9.2.13 Rain Water Harvesting 9-14 9.2.14 Demographic and Socio-Economic Environment 9-14 9.2.15 Fire Protection Measures 9-15 9.3 Environmental Management Plan 9-16 9.3.1 Environmental Management Cell (EMC) 9-16 9.3.2 Training 9-16 9.3.3 Grievance Redressal Mechanism 9-34 9.3.4 Reporting and Monitoring System 9-34 9.4 Corporate Social Responsibility Program 9-37 9.5 Budget for Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan 9-38 CHAPTER 10: DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT 10.1 Disclosure of Consultant Engaged 10-1 10.2 Expertise of ABC Techno Lab India Private Limited 10-2 10.3 NABET Accredited Environmental Experts Team for EIA Study 10-3 IV ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited EIA/EMP for Development of Proposed Dholera Greenfield International Airport Airports Authority of India Table of Contents Annexure : 1. Annexure 1: Action Taken Report for Issues / Suggestions / Objections / Opinion Raised by the Participants During the Public Hearing and Responded by the Representative of the Propjet Proponent. 2. Annexure 2: Minutes of Meeting for Public Hearing Held for Dholera International Airport 3. Annexure 3: Photographs of Public Hearing Held for Dholera International Airport 4.