IN a STATE of UNCERTAINTY Impact and Implicatons of the Use of Depleted Uranium in Iraq
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Angry Staff Officer: However, His Tank Was Halted by a Group of Surrendering Iraqis
W.S. Adin: Around 9:30 on the night of February 26, 1991, Sergeant First Class Anthony Steede was rolling through the Iraqi desert. His M1 Abrams tank had just knocked out multiple Iraqi T-72s and BMPs and he was feeling pretty good. Angry Staff Officer: However, his tank was halted by a group of surrendering Iraqis. Annoyed at being slowed down, Steede got on the radio to try to convince his commander to let the follow- on infantry gather up the prisoners instead of him. As he did so, a T-72 from 1,000 meters out put a 125mm round into his tank’s most vulnerable part: the turret ring. Adin: The force of the explosion threw Steede from his position in the turret onto the exterior of the tank. Jarred, but conscious, Steede jumped back into the smoking turret and dragged his wounded gunner out. His loader had rolled out of the turret and was laying on the ground, bleeding profusely. Angry Staff Officer: With his driver, Steede moved the two wounded men away from the tank, concerned that the ammunition would begin to cook off, since the explosion had shot away the blast door that protected the crew from their ammo blowing up. But they needed their aid bag. Which was in the tank. Adin: So Steede ran back to get it. While doing so, he attempted to get the tank going again, but it was a lost cause. So, braving the small arms fire that was now concentrating on their position, he ran back to his crew. -
Research Advisory Committee on Gulf War Veterans' Illnesses, 2012)
Gulf War Illness and the Health of Gulf War Veterans: Research Update and Recommendations, 2009-2013 Updated Scientific Findings and Recommendations Research Advisory Committee on Gulf War Veterans’ Illnesses Research Advisory Committee on Gulf War Veterans’ Illnesses Gulf War Illness and the Health of Gulf War Veterans: Research Update and Recommendations, 2009-2013 Boston, MA: U.S. Government Printing Office, April 2014 Research Advisory Committee on Gulf War Veterans’ Illnesses James H. Binns Floyd E. Bloom, M.D. James A. Bunker Fiona Crawford, Ph.D. Beatrice A. Golomb, M.D., Ph.D. Joel C. Graves, D.Min. Nancy Klimas, M.D. James P. O’Callaghan, Ph.D. Stephen L. Ondra, M.D. Martin A. Philbert, Ph.D. Lea Steele, Ph.D. Roberta F. White, Ph.D., Scientific Director Members through 2013 who contributed to this report: Carolee Barlow, M.D., Ph.D. Anthony Hardie Marguerite L. Knox, M.N., N.P. William Meggs, M.D., Ph.D. ________________ Associate Scientific Director (Staff): Kimberly Sullivan, Ph.D. Consultant: Jack Melling, Ph.D. Research Advisory Committee on Gulf War Veterans’ Illnesses U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Washington, D.C. Website: www.va.gov/RAC-GWVI Committee Staff Office: Research Advisory Committee on Gulf War Veterans’ Illnesses Boston University School of Public Health 715 Albany Street (T-4W) Boston, MA 02118 Email: [email protected] Table of Contents Findings in Brief ……………………………………………………………………………………………………...1 Executive Summary……………………………………………………………………………………………..……5 Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………………………….15 Research Review and Update 1. Epidemiologic Research: Gulf War Illness and Other Health Issues Affecting 1990-1991 Gulf War Veterans…..……………………………………………..…………........18 A. Gulf War Illness B. -
Iraq Missile Chronology
Iraq Missile Chronology 2008-2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003-2002 | 2001 | 2000 | 1999 1998 | 1997 | 1996 | 1995 | 1994 | 1993 | 1992 | 1991 Last update: November 2008 As of November 2008, this chronology is no longer being updated. For current developments, please see the Iraq Missile Overview. 2008-2006 29 February 2008 UNMOVIC is officially closed down as directed by UN Security Council Resolution 1762, which terminated its mandate. [Note: See NTI Chronology 29 June 2007]. —UN Security Council, "Iraq (UNMOVIC)," Security Council Report, Update Report No. 10, 26 June 2008. 25 September 2007 U.S. spokesman Rear Admiral Mark Fox claims that Iranian-supplied surface-to-air missiles, such as the Misagh 1, have been found in Iraq. The U.S. military says that these missiles have been smuggled into Iraq from Iran. Iran denies the allegation. [Note: See NTI Chronology 11 and 12 February 2007]. "Tehran blasted on Iraq Missiles," Hobart Mercury, 25 September 2007, in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe; David C Isby, "U.S. Outlines Iranian Cross-Border Supply of Rockets and Missiles to Iraq," Jane's Missiles & Rockets, Jane's Information Group, 1 November 2007. 29 June 2007 The Security Council passes Resolution 1762 terminating the mandates of the UN Monitoring, Verification, and Inspection Commission (UNMOVIC) and the IAEA in Iraq. Resolution 1762 also requests the UN Secretary General to dispose safely of archives containing sensitive information, and to transfer any remaining UNMOVIC funds to the Development Fund for Iraq. A letter to the Security Council from the Iraqi government indicates it is committed to respecting its obligations to the nonproliferation regime. -
From Dictatorship to Democracy: Iraq Under Erasure Abeer Shaheen
From Dictatorship to Democracy: Iraq under Erasure Abeer Shaheen Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2015 ©2015 Abeer Shaheen All rights reserved ABSTRACT From Dictatorship to Democracy: Iraq under Erasure Abeer Shaheen This dissertation examines the American project in Iraq between 1991 and 2006. It studies the project’s conceptual arc, shifting ontology, discourses, institutions, practices, and technologies in their interrelatedness to constitute a new Iraq. It is an ethnography of a thixotropic regime of law and order in translation; a circuit through various landscapes and temporalities to narrate the 1991 war, the institutionalization of sanctions and inspection regimes, material transformations within the American military, the 2003 war and finally the nation- building processes as a continuous and unitary project. The dissertation makes three central arguments: First, the 2003 war on Iraq was imagined through intricate and fluid spaces and temporalities. Transforming Iraq into a democratic regime has served as a catalyst for transforming the American military organization and the international legal system. Second, this project has reordered the spatialized time of Iraq by the imposition of models in translation, reconfigured and reimagined through a realm of violence. These models have created in Iraq a regime of differential mobility, which was enabled through an ensemble of experts, new institutions and calculative technologies. Third, this ensemble took Iraq as its object of knowledge and change rendering Iraq and Iraqis into a set of abstractions within the three spaces under examination: the space of American military institutions; the space of international legality within the United Nations; and, lastly, the material space of Baghdad. -
Ten Years On: What Do We Know About the Gulf War Syndrome?
n PROFESSIONAL ISSUES Ten years on: what do we know about the Gulf War syndrome? Simon Wessely and the King’s College Gulf War Research Unit Simon Wessely The Gulf War and its aftermath The evidence so far Professor of Epidemiology and We have just passed the tenth anniversary of Case series Liaison Psychiatry, Operation Desert Storm, the start of the The first co-ordinated response to the problem was Guy’s, King’s and Persian Gulf War. The facts are clear. Iraq occupied to invite any veteran with health problems to come St Thomas’ School Kuwait on 2 August 1990. Shortly after Coalition forward for detailed medical evaluation. This began of Medicine, Forces, led by the United States, began a military in the United States, and was then repeated in the London deployment known as Operation Desert Shield. On United Kingdom with the establishment of the 17 January 1991 an active air campaign began Medical Assessment Programme (MAP). Over Clin Med JRCPL against Iraq, Operation Desert Storm, and on 200,000 US and 2,000 UK veterans have now 2001;1:28–37 24 February a ground war began, lasting only four attended these programmes. Studies of these groups days. It was a resounding military success. Iraqi have not suggested any unusual pattern of illness – forces were beaten in the field and expelled from instead the largest diagnostic category has symptoms Kuwait. and syndromes such as chronic fatigue, pain and Not only was the campaign a military success, it others without an adequate medical explanation 2–4. was also a medical success. -
GAO-04-159 Gulf War Illnesses
United States General Accounting Office Report to Congressional Requesters GAO June 2004 GULF WAR ILLNESSES DOD’s Conclusions about U.S. Troops’ Exposure Cannot Be Adequately Supported GAO-04-159 June 2004 GULF WAR ILLNESSES DOD's Conclusions about U.S. Troops' Highlights of GAO-04-159, a report to Exposure Cannot Be Adequately Congressional Requesters Supported Since the end of the Gulf War in DOD’s and MOD’s conclusions about troops’ exposure to CW agents, based 1991, many of the approximately on DOD and CIA plume modeling, cannot be adequately supported. The 700,000 U.S. veterans have models were not fully developed for analyzing long-range dispersion of CW experienced undiagnosed illnesses. agents as an environmental hazard. The modeling assumptions as to source They attribute these illnesses to term data—quantity and purity of the agent—were inaccurate because they exposure to chemical warfare (CW) agents in plumes—clouds released were uncertain, incomplete, and nonvalidated. from bombing of Iraqi sites. But in 2000, the Department of Defense The plume heights used in the modeling were underestimated, and so were (DOD) estimated that of the the hazard areas. Postwar field testing used to estimate the source term did 700,000 veterans, 101,752 troops not realistically simulate the actual conditions of bombings or demolitions. were potentially exposed. GAO was Finally, the results of all models—DOD and non-DOD models—showed wide asked to evaluate the validity of divergences as to plume size and path. DOD, Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), and British Ministry of DOD’s and VA’s conclusions about no association between exposure to CW Defense (MOD) conclusions about agents and rates of hospitalization and mortality, based on two troops’ exposure. -
Iraqi Combatant and Noncombatant Fatalities in the 1991 Gulf War
The Wages of War: Iraqi Combatant and Noncombatant Fatalities in the 2003 Conflict Project on Defense Alternatives Research Monograph #8 Carl Conetta, 20 October 2003 Appendix 2: Iraqi Combatant and Noncombatant Fatalities in the 1991 Gulf War INDEX 1. Iraqi civilian fatalities in the 1991 Gulf War 2. Iraqi military personnel killed during the air war 3. Iraqi military personnel killed during the ground war 4. Buried alive: 1st Division breeching operations 5. The “Highway(s) of Death” Sources We accept 3,664 (rounded to 3,500+) as an estimate of the number of Iraqi civilians killed in the 1991 Gulf War. Regarding military personnel, we estimate that between 20,000 and 26,000 were killed in the conflict. 1. Iraqi civilian fatalities in the 1991 Gulf War The estimate for civilian deaths is based on a study conducted by Beth Osborne Daponte, a former Census Bureau analyst and currently a senior research scientist at Carnegie Mellon University (Daponte 1993). With regard to civilian casualties directly attributable to the war, the study builds on earlier research conducted by Humans Rights Watch shortly after the war (HRW 1991). The HRW estimate of 2,500 to 3,000 Iraqi civilians killed in the war was based on eyewitness reports, although no claim was made that the survey was comprehensive. From this source Daponte compiled a database of 2,665 deaths, after removing duplicate reports. Subsequently, she checked this on a province by province basis against the official Iraqi records of 2,278 civilian deaths from the war. Overall it appeared that the Iraqi government had undercounted the civilian death toll, although this was not systematic. -
Bowl Round 9 Bowl Round 9 First Quarter
NHBB C-Set Bowl 2015-2016 Bowl Round 9 Bowl Round 9 First Quarter (1) This event's fourth principle declared that \superior orders" do not relieve a person from lawful responsibility. Seven subjects of these events were taken to Spandau. Their location was chosen symbolically, as it had hosted an annual propaganda rally and was the city where, in 1935, a harsh set of anti-Semitic laws was signed. Luftwaffe commander Hermann Goring was sentenced to death at, for ten points, what series of trials in which Nazi leaders were tried for war crimes? ANSWER: Nuremberg trials (2) In this modern day country, Boleslaw [boll-eh-slav] the Pious of this country's Piast Dynasty granted Jews legal rights with the Statue of Kalisz [kal-eesh]. In this modern day country, the Szaltcha [SHALL-chah] enacted the Golden Liberty under its Jagiellion [yah-gell-ee-on] dynasty. This modern day country has been partitioned between Russia, Prussia, and Austria. For ten points, name this eastern European nation with capital Warsaw. ANSWER: Poland (3) This man's autobiography details his successful separation of the conjoined twins Josef and Theresia Binder, though his scientific credentials were criticized in 2015 after he denied Big Bang theory. This author of Gifted Hands gave the keynote address at the 2013 National Prayer Breakfast and, in September 2015, stated that a Muslim should not be in charge of the United States. For ten points, name this Republican presidential candidate and retired neurosurgeon. ANSWER: Ben Carson (4) This person came to power after his wife ran over her father's body with a chariot on the Vicus Sceleratus. -
Sun 'N Fun IX: the Medusa Laughs Again, Or Avoiding the Curse Of
Sun 'n Fun IX: The Medusa Laughs Again, Or Avoiding the Curse of the Ninth…we hope Packets by Ahmad Ragab [AR], Rob Fernandez [RF], Jeremy Rasmussen [JR], Anthony Napolitano [AN], Ellen O'Connell [EO] edited by Ahmad Ragab Round 1 Tossups: 1.[AR]In a 1963 essay, this author promotes a systematic rejection of plot, narrative, traditional character development, and the omniscient author. Those ideas are implemented in a novel where the narrator's suspicion about his wife's infidelity are never confirmed or denied, Jealousy. In another work he describes the world through the eyes of a sadistic killer, Le Voyeur. He also directed the films The Immortal and Trans-Europ-Express. A leading member of the so-called New Novelists,a movement which included Michael Butor and Nathalie Sarraute, in another work a detective investigating a murder ends up killing the victim. For 10 points, name this author of the screenplay Last Year at Marienbad for Alain Resnais and the novel The Erasers, who died in February 2008. ANSWER: Alain Robbe-Grillet 2.[AN] After skipping school one morning, he saw his father crash and die in a test flight for Ferris Aircraft. First appearing in Showcase #22 and created by John Broome and Gil Kane, he has two brothers, Jack and Jim, and went against his mother's wishes to become a pilot, eventually punching out his commanding officer in the Air Force so he would be thrown out to placate his dying mother. In a future incarnation, he becomes a super-villain and member of the Sinestro Corps, Parallax. -
Npr 4.3: Evidence Iraq Used Chemical Weapons During
Report: Iraq’s Use of CW in Gulf War EVIDENCE IRAQ USED CHEMICAL WEAPONS DURING THE 1991 PERSIAN GULF WAR by Jonathan B. Tucker Dr. Jonathan B. Tucker directs the Chemical and Biological Weapons Nonproliferation Project at the Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Monterey Institute of International Studies. Prior to this appointment, he worked at the U.S. Department of State, the Congressional Office of Technology Assessment, the Chemical and Biological Policy Division of the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, and on the staff of the Presidential Advisory Committee on Gulf War Veterans’ Illnesses. He also served as a biological weapons inspector in Iraq with the United Nations Special Commission. id Iraqi forces employ chemical weapons dur- markable speed of the Coalition advance, combined with ing the 1991 Persian Gulf War? The U.S. De- the effectiveness of the strategic bombing campaign in Dpartment of Defense (DOD) and Central disrupting Iraq’s military command-and-control system, Intelligence Agency (CIA) have long insisted that they made it difficult for Iraqi commanders to select battle- did not. In a memorandum to Gulf War veterans dated field targets for chemical attack. Furthermore, the pre- May 25, 1994, Defense Secretary William J. Perry and vailing winds, which for six months had blown from the General John M. Shalikashvili, Chairman of the Joint northwest out of Iraq, shifted at the beginning of the Chiefs of Staff, declared, “There is no evidence, classi- ground war to the southeast, towards the Iraqi lines. fied -
Iraq War: Background and Issues Overview
Order Code RL31715 Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Iraq War: Background and Issues Overview Updated March 24, 2003 Raymond W. Copson (Coordinator) Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress Iraq War: Background and Issues Overview Summary On March 17, 2003, President Bush, in a televised address, gave President Saddam Hussein of Iraq a 48-hour ultimatum to flee the country or face military conflict. The war was launched on March 19, with a strike against a location where Saddam and top lieutenants were believed to be meeting. In November 2002, the United Nations Security Council had adopted Resolution 1441, giving Iraq a final opportunity to “comply with its the disarmament obligations” or “face serious consequences.” During January and February 2003, a U.S. military buildup in the Persian Gulf intensified and President Bush, other top U.S. officials, and British Prime Minister Tony Blair repeatedly indicated that Iraq had little time left to offer full cooperation with U.N. weapons inspectors. However, leaders of France, Germany, Russia, and China urged that the inspections process be allowed more time. The Administration and its supporters assert that Iraq is in defiance of 17 Security Council resolutions requiring that it fully declare and eliminate its weapons of mass destruction (WMD). Further delay in taking action against Iraq, they argue, would have endangered national security and undermined U.S. credibility. Skeptics, including many foreign critics, maintain that the Administration is exaggerating the Iraqi threat and argue that the U.N. inspections process should have been extended. -
File: 970613 60210196 96 Txt 0001.Txt Page: 0001 Total Pages: 1
File: 970613_60210196_96_txt_0001.txt Page: 0001 Total Pages: 1 P 22 MAY 96 (b.2.) SERIAL: (U) IIR 6 021 0196 96. /*********** THIS IS A COMBINED MESSAGE ************/ BODY COUNTRY: IRAQ (IZ). SUBJECT: IIR 6 021 0196 96/IRAQI FALLUJAH, KHAMISIYAH, AND AN-NASIRIYAH CHEMICAL WARFARE RELATED SITES (b.1. sec. 1.5.c., b.2.) ---------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE ---------------------------------------------------------- DOI: (U) 960520 (b.2.) (b.1. sec. 1.5.c.) SUMMARY: FROM 960511 TO 960520, UNSCOM ONGOING MONITORING AND VERIFICATION SUPPORT TEAM INSPECTED THE IRAQI CHEMICAL WARFARE RELATED FACILITIES, FALLUJAH THREE, AND THE KHAMISIYAH (TALL AL-LAHM) AND AN- NASIRIYAH MUNITIONS STORAGE AREAS. TEXT: 1. FROM 960511 TO 960520, UNITED NATIONS SPECIAL COMMISSION (UNSCOM) ONGOING MONITORING AND VERIFICATION SUPPORT TEAM-NINE B (OST-9B) INSPECTED THE FOLLOWING IRAQI CHEMICAL WARFARE (CW) RELATED FACILITIES--FALLUJAH THREE CASTOR OIL EXTRACTION FACILITY//GEOCOORD: 333288N0433694E//, THE KHAMISIYAH (TALL AL-LAHM) AMMUNITION STORAGE AREA//GEOCOORD: 3047N04626E//, AND THE AN-NASIRIYAH STORAGE DEPOT//GEOCOORD: 3057N04306E//. (b.1. sec. 1.5.c.) 3. KHAMISIYAH (TALL AL-LAHM) AMMUNITION STORAGE AREA. OST-9B INSPECTED THE AREA INSIDE AND AROUND BUNKER 73. THIS STRUCTURE WAS TOTALLY DESTROYED, BUT THERE WAS EVIDENCE OF A LARGE NUMBER OF SAKR-18, 122MM CHEMICAL ROCKETS BOTH IN THE PREVIOUS FOOTPRINT OF THE STRUCTURE, AS WELL AS THE SURROUNDING AREA. THE INSPECTION TEAM TOOK A NUMBER OF STILL AND VIDEO PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE AREA AND THE ROCKETS, CONCENTRATING ON FEATURES WHICH ARE SPECIFIC TO CW FILLED ROCKETS (I.E. CENTRAL BURSTER, PLASTIC CANISTERS, ETC.). (b.1. sec. 1.5. c.) DISCUSSIONBETWEEN THE INSPECTION TEAM AND THE IRAQI REPRESENTATIVES REVEALED THE FOLLOWING-- 3A.