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蝶と蛾 Lepidoptera Science 67(1)

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蝶と蛾 Lepidoptera Science 67(1) 蝶と蛾 Lepidoptera Science 67（1）: 25-31, May 2016 イナズマチョウ族（ Adoliadini） 14 種の染色体調査 阿部 東1）・櫛引陸奥男2） 1） 036-8336 青森県弘前市栄町 4-12-2 2） 330-0052 埼玉県さいたま市浦和区本太 2-28-6 Chromosome survey of fourteen species of Adoliadini（ Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae） 1） 2） Azuma ABE and Mutsuo KUSHIBIKI 1） Sakaemachi 4-12-2, Hirosaki City, 036-8336 Japan 2） Motobuto 2-28-6, Urawa-ku, Saitama City, 330-0052 Japan Abstract Male-germ-line chromosomes were observed in fourteen species of the tribe Adoliadini. Euthalia nara, E. insulae, E. confucius, E. thawgawa, E. dubernardi, E. iva, E. hayashii, E. durga, E. haradai, E. franciae, Bassarona recta, B. teuta, B. dunya and Dophla evelina, in spermatogonia and spermatocytes. Chromosome numbers are as follows: E. nara 2 n= 26 , n= 13 ; E. insulae, E. confucius and Bassarona recta 2 n= 28 , n= 14 ; E. thawgawa and E. dubernardi 2n=30, n=15; E. iva and E. hayashii 2n=32, n=16; E. durga 2n=34, n=17; E. haradai 2n=36, n=18; E. franciae 2n=48, n=24. Bassarona teuta, B. dunya and Dophla evelina 2n=60, n=30. Key words Bassarona, Dophla, Euthalia, spermatocyte, spermatogonia. 緒 言 ような違いや共通点があるか興味の持たれるところであ る． イナズマチョウ属 Euthalia は，アジアに棲息するタテハ チョウ科 Nymphalidae を代表する大きなグループである （塚田, 1991）．塚田はイナズマチョウ属 Euthalia の細分化 材料および方法 を認め，イナズマチョウ属 Euthalia に 24 種を含めている． 用いた材料のうち染色体が観察された個体について，採集 本稿では，Yokochi（ 2011）にしたがい，塚田（1991）が データ，採集地を Table 1 に示した．イナズマチョウ属 リクイナズマ属 Bassarona に含めている 10 種もイナズマ Euthalia 10 種の同定については横地隆博士のご指導をいた チョウ属Euthalia として扱い，残るリクイナズマ属 だき，学名は Yokochi（ 2011）によった．リクイナズマ属 Bassarona 3 種とカギバイナズマ属 Dophla 1 種の染色体に Bassarona 3 種，カギバイナズマ属 Dophla 1 種については ついて報告する． 塚田（1991）にしたがった． イナズマチョウ属 Euthalia のこれまでの染色体に関する報 いずれも野外で採集した生きている成虫の精巣を用い，一 告 は，E. thibetana insulae n=14, I,II（ Maeki et al. 1965）, E. 部は PFA-3 液で固定し，通常のパラフィン切片法により julii n= 30 , I,II（ Saitoh and Abe, 1970 , E. phemius n= 29 , I,II 10 ㎛の連続切片を作り，ハイデンハイン ･ 鉄ヘマトキシ （Saitoh and Abe, 1981） がある．これら 3 種のうち，E. julii リン染色を施したが，多くはクロージア法（阿部 ･ 工藤 は現在コイナズマ属 Tanaecia に含められ，Tanaecia julii と 2005）により染色体標本を作成した．種の配列は属毎に， されている．本報告中，E. insulae に関しては，Maeki et al. 染色体数の順とした． （1965）の再確認であり，その他の 13 種については染色 体に関する報告がない． 観察結果 染色体数は生物の近縁種間における系統分類学上，重要な パラフィン切片法（Paraffin 法とする）では減数第 1 分 裂（ I 指標であるといわれる．しかし鱗翅類の点状染色体は動原 とする），第 2 分 裂（ II とする）による n の染色体について， 体を複数有し（分散型），染色体の融合・開裂が起こりや クロージア法（Crozier とする）ではさらに精原細胞（G すいことから，しばしば近縁種・同種内でも染色体数が異 とする）の分裂による 2n の染色体についても観察し，観 なる例が知られる．染色体数が必ずしも鱗翅類の系統分類 察細胞数は Table 2 に G, I, II の後に下付けの数で示した． とは一致しない理由である． 染色体の形の多くは球形または楕円形であり，形による染 Euthalia 属と Bassarona 属の間に染色体核型の上で，どの 色体の区別はできないが特に大型で他の染色体と区別でき 26 阿部 東・櫛引陸奥男 Table 1. Material and techniques used in this study. Species Date Locality No. of male Technique 1. Euthalia nara（ Moore） 1.Jul.2003 Hpimaw Kachin, Myanmar 1 Crozier 1.Jul.2006 Ngarondan Kachin, Myanmar 3 Crozier 24.Jun.2008 Ziyerdan Kachin, Myanmar 1 Crozier 12.Jul.2010 Kangfang Kachin, Myanmar 1 Crozier 2. E. insulae（ Hall） 19.Aug.1995 梅峯 , Taiwan 1 Paraffin 20.Aug.1995 合望山 , Taiwan 1 Crozier 3. E. confucius（ Westwood） 30.Jun.2003 Hpimaw Kachin, Myanmar 1 Crozier 23.Jun.2008 Ziyerdan Kachin, Myanmar 1 Crozier 24.Jun.2008 Ziyerdan Kachin, Myanmar 2 Crozier 27.Jun.2008 Ziyerdan Kachin, Myanmar 1 Crozier 4. E. thawgawa Tytler 29.Jul.2008 Wasandan Kachin, Myanmar 1 Crozier 5. E. dubernardi Oberthür 13.Jul.2010 Imawbum Kachin, Myanmar 2 Crozier 6. E. iva（ Moore） 23.Jun.2008 Wasandan Kachin, Myanmar 1 Crozier 7. E. hayashii Yokochi 16.Jul.2010 Panwa Kachin, Myanmar 1 Crozier 8. E. durga Moore 29.Jun.2006 Snupi Kachin, Myanmar 1 Crozier 30.Jun.2006 Ngarondan Kachi, Myanmar 1 Crozier 9. E. haradai Yokochi 30.Jun.2006 Ngarondan Kachi, Myanmar 1 Crozier 10. E. franciae（ C. R. Felder） 30.Jun.2006 Ngarondan Kachi, Myanmar 1 Crozier 24.Jun.2008 Wasandan Kachin, Myanmar 1 Crozier 26.Apr,2011 Wasandan Kachin, Myanmar 2 Crozier 11. Bassarona recta de Niceville 13.Jan.2003 Kedah Langkawi, Malaysia 1 Crozier 12,14,15.Dec.2003 Kedah Langkawi, Malaysia 1 Crozier 12. B. teuta Doubleday 19.Aug.1998 Lubuk Semilang, Langkawi Maleysia 6 Paraffin 19.Aug.1998 Lubuk Semilang, Langkawi Maleysia 3 Crozier 26.Aug.2000 Babula Tioman, Malaysia 1 Paraffin 16.Apr.1999 Matang Kuchin, Malaysia 1 Paraffin 13. B. dunya Doubleday 19.Aug.1998 Laya estate Langkawi, Malaysia 1 Paraffin 22.Dec.1998 Lubuk Semilang Langkawi, Malaysia 1 Crozier 7.Jan.1999 Matang Kuchin, Malaysia 2 Crozier 22.Feb.2001 Agro Terenganu, Malaysia 1 Crozier 14. Dophla evelina Fruhstorfer 20.Aug.1998 Lubuk Semilang Langkawi, Malaysia 2 Paraffin 25.Aug.2000 Bukit Bingtang Terenganu, Malaysia 1 Crozier 1.Jan.1999 Hindu Temple Kuchin, Malaysia 1 Crozier るものがあれば L とし，小型のもの，特に小型のものを 部削除した．2n=26 G には大型染色体が観察される , 含 それぞれ S, SS としてその含まれる数を L, S, SS の後に下 まれる数は特定出来ないが , 減数第一分裂及び第二分裂 付けの数で示した．中間の大きさの染色体は，L 又 S のど で明らかに 2 個含まれるので 2n でも 2~4 とした . ちらかに大きさが連続していることが多いので数を特定で 2. E. insulae （ Hall） Fig. 2 きず，中型クラスを設けて数を示すことはしなかった． n=14 S2SS1, I（ Fig.2a, 2a’: トレース）, II, SS: 短い矢印 . 1. Euthalia nara （ Moore） Fig. 1 Paraffin 法. 2n=26 L2-4, G（ Fig. 1a）; n=13 L1-2, I（ Fig. 1b）, II（ Fig. 2a’は2a のトレースにスケッチの結果を加えたものを示 1c）. L: 矢印 . Crozier 法 . した． II（ Fig. 1c）は I で生じた姉妹細胞であり，線の左上は一 イナズマチョウ 14 種の染色体 27 Fig. 1. Euthalia nara. 1a: 2n=26 G, 1b: n=13 I, 1c: n=13 II. arrow: large element. Crozier. Fig. 2. E. insulae. 2: n=14 I. Paraffin. 2’: trace of 2a, long bar: large element, short bar: small element. Fig. 3. E. confucius. 3a: 2n=28 G, 3b: n=14 I. Crozier. Fig. 4. E. thawgawa. 4: 2n=30 G, pro-metaphase, 4’: 2n=30 two metaphase G. long bar: large element, short bar: small element. Crozier. Fig. 5. E. dubernardi. 5: 2n=30 G. 5’: trace of 5a. Fig. 6. E. iva. 6a: 2n=32 G, 6a’: trace of 6a. 6b: n=16 I, 6b’: trace of 6b, long bar: large element. Crozier. Fig. 7. E. hayashii. 7a: 2n=32 G, 7a’: trace of 7a, 7b: n=16 I, 7b’: trace of 7b. Crozier. Scale bar= 5㎛ . 28 阿部 東・櫛引陸奥男 Fig. 8. E. durga. 8a: 2n=34 G, short bar: small elements, SS: super small element, long bar: large element. Crozier. Fig. 9. E. haradai. 9a: 2n=36 G, 9b: n=18 I, long bar: large element, short bar: small element. Crozier. Fig. 10. E. franciae. 10a: 2n=48 G, 10b and trace: n=24 I, Crozier. Fig. 11. Bassarona recta. 11: 2n=28 pro-metaphase G, n=14 I 11: I, long bar: large element, sort bar: small element. Crozier. Fig. 12. B. teuta. 12a: 2n=60 G, 12b: n=30 I. Crozier. 12c: n=30 II. Paraffin, Scale bar= 5㎛ . 3. E . confucius （ Westwood） Fig. 3 S: 短い矢印 ; n=15, L1S1, I. 4’は2 細胞を含む．Crozier 法 . 2n=28 L4, G（ Fig. 3a）; n=14 L2, I（ Fig. 3b）, II. Crozier 法 . 2n の細胞で L は 2 個観察された，Fig. 4a’ の下の細胞で は L は 1 個しか観察されなかった． 前種と n=14 L2 は同じであるが，前種の S, SS にあたる 染色体を確認できなかった． 5. E. dubernardi Oberthür Fig. 5 4. E. thawgawa Tytler Fig. 4 2n=30, S2 G（ Fig. 5, 5’）; n=15, I. Crozier 法 . 2n=30 L2S2, G（ Fig. 4: 前中期 ,Fig. : 中期）, L: 長い矢印 , 構成する染色体間に大きさの差はあるが，連続的で大き イナズマチョウ 14 種の染色体 29 Fig. 13. B. dunya. 13a: 2n=60 pro-metaphase G, 13b: n=30 I, 13c: n=30 II. Crozier.（ Langkawi）. 13d: 2n=60 G, bar: small element, Crozier.（ Kuchin）. 13e: n=30 I, bar: small element, 13f: n=30 II, Paraffin.（ Terenganu）. Fig. 14. Dophla evelina. 14a: 2n=60 pro-metaphase G, short bar: small element, Crozier. 14c: n=30 I,（ Lankawi）. Paraffin. 14b: n=30 I, Crozier, short bar: small element, S: smallest element,（ Kuchin）. Scale bar= 5 ㎛ . さでのクラス分けが難しいが，一番小さい 1 対（矢印） 7. E. hayashii Yokochi Fig. 7 は区別できる． 2n=32 L4S8, G（ Fig. 7a, 7a’: トレース）; n=16 I（ Fig. 7b, 6. E. iva （ Moore） Fig. 6 7b’: トレース）. Crozier 法 . 2n=32 L4S6, G（ Fig. 6a, 6a’: トレース）; n=16 L2S3, I（ Fig. 7a, における L, S の染色体の位置をトレース上に示し 6b, 6b’: トレース）, L: 矢印 . Crozier 法 . L は 4 個含まれる た． と推察される． 30 阿部 東・櫛引陸奥男 Table 2. Chromosome counts in fourteen species of Adoliadini. Chromosome number and element Species（ Locality） Spermatogonium First and Second division 1. Euthalia nara（ Kachin） n=13, L1-2, I56, II7 2n=26, L2-4, G144 2. E. insulae（ Taiwan） n=14, L2S2SS1, I36, II7 3. E. conficius（ Kachin） 2n=28, L4, G16 n=14, L2, I89, II20 4. E. thawgawa（ Kachin） 2n=30, L2S2, G9 n=15, L1S1, I1 5. E. dubernardi（ Kachin） 2n=30, S2, G33 n=15, I2 6. E. iva（ Kachin） 2n=32, L4S6, G6 n=16, L2S3, I3 7. E. hayashii（ Kachin） 2n=32, L4S6, G8 n=16, L2S3, I1 8. E. durga（ Kachin） 2n=34, L2S4SS2, G17 n=17, L1S3, I1 9. E. haradai（ Kachin） 2n=36, L2S8, G21 n=18, L1S4-5, I3 10. E. franciae（ Kachin） 2n=48, L6（LL2L4）SS4G5 n=24, L3（LL1L2）SS2, I25, II2 11. Bassarona recta 2n=28, L10S4, G49 n=14, L5S2, I32, II2 12. B. teuta（ Langkawi） 2n=60, S2, G5 n=30, S1, I33, II6 B. teuta（ Is. Tioman） n=30, S1, I2, II1 B. teuta（ Kuchin） n=30, S1, I12, II3 13. B. dunya（ Langkawi） 2n=60, S4, G29 n=30, S2, I46, II19 B. dunya（ Terenganu） n=30, S2, I50, II17 B. dunya（ Kuchin） 2n=60, S2, G6 n=30, S1, I2 14. Dophla evelina（ Langkawi） 2n=60, S4-6, G3 n=30, S2-3, I26, II12 D. evelina（ Kuchin） 2n=60, S4-6, G8 n=30, S2-3, I24, II4 Kachin: Myanmar. Langkawi, Kuchin, Is. Tioman, Terenganu: Malaysia.
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