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Strategic Flood Risk Assessment (Level 1 SFRA) a Technical Report Supporting the Royal Borough of Windsor & Maidenhead Borough Local Plan

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Strategic Flood Risk Assessment (Level 1 SFRA) a Technical Report Supporting the Royal Borough of Windsor & Maidenhead Borough Local Plan Strategic Flood Risk Assessment (Level 1 SFRA) A Technical Report Supporting the Royal Borough of Windsor & Maidenhead Borough Local Plan Published in January 2014 Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead Planning & Property Services Town Hall St Ives Road Maidenhead SL6 1RF STRATEGIC FLOOD RISK ASSESSMENT (SFRA) A Technical Report Supporting the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead Borough Local Plan Updated Flood Mapping and January 2014 Flood Event in the Royal Borough Subsequent to the production of this revised Level 1 Strategic Flood Risk Assessment (SFRA), it should be noted that in December 2013, the Environment Agency published updated Flood Maps. These and any subsequent revised Flood Maps will be taken into account in the next update of the SFRA. This SFRA was also produced prior to the storm event of January 2014. As a result of heavy rainfall and existing ground conditions, a number of areas in the Royal Borough were affected by fluvial flooding from the River Thames and other watercourses, and other areas were affected by groundwater flooding or surface water flooding. The Council has sought to record information associated with this storm and any future update of this SFRA will take this into account. STRATEGIC FLOOD RISK ASSESSMENT (SFRA) A Technical Report Supporting the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead Borough Local Plan ASSESSMENT REVISION STRATEGIC FLOOD RISK ASSESSMENT (SFRA) A Technical Report Supporting the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead Borough Local Plan EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Introduction 1. The Royal Borough of Windsor & Maidenhead extends from Hurley in the north west to Wraysbury in the south east. The Borough encompasses two major population centres, Windsor and Maidenhead. A large proportion of the Borough is designated Green Belt, interspersed by a number of smaller towns and villages including Cookham, Eton, Datchet, Old Windsor, Ascot, Bisham and Hurley. 2. The Council is currently preparing a Borough Local Plan in accordance with the Town and Country Planning (Local Planning) (England) Regulations 2012. The Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead Local Plan (adopted June 2003) sets out the Council’s current proposals for the development and use of land in the Borough. This will be replaced by the Borough Local Plan. Development within the Borough is currently focussed very much upon the major centres of Windsor and Maidenhead. The emerging spatial strategy will retain this focus for future development within the Borough. It is noted that the Borough is currently delivering 94% of its housing development on previously developed land (based on RBWM data 2011 – 2012). 3. The River Thames and its tributaries are a dominant feature of the Royal Borough. A very large proportion of the local communities are situated adjacent to, or near, the river and/or its tributaries. Significant flooding from the River Thames has occurred no less than nine times within the last 100 years, most recently in 2003 in which a substantial number of homes and businesses within the Borough were affected. 4. The Windsor & Maidenhead SFRA was adopted by the Council for development control purposes and to inform the Local Development Framework in November 2007 (Revision A). The Council is committed to reviewing the SFRA on a regular basis in light of improved information relating to flood risk within the Borough, and/or a change in government policy. Jacobs was therefore commissioned in May 2008 to carry out a detailed review of the SFRA, triggered by the publication of revised flood zones for the River Thames (Environment Agency, March 2008), and the publication of the PPS25 Practice Guide (CLG, June 2008). 5. In February 2013 WSP was commissioned to carry out an update to the SFRA following updated Lower Thames Modelling and the publication of the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) and the Technical Guidance Note in March 2012. 6. This report (and the supporting mapping) represents the reviewed and updated SFRA for the Royal Borough of Windsor & Maidenhead. This document supersedes the November 2007 report and maps and the 2009 Revision report and maps. This report represents the Level 1 SFRA. The accompanying ‘Increased Scope’ SFRA considers potential development allocation sites in more detail. The ‘Increased Scope’ SFRA also includes a Sequential Test of potential allocation sites. The Level 1 and ‘Increased Scope’ SFRAs should be read in conjunction with each other. Why carry out a Strategic Flood Risk Assessment (SFRA)? 7. Flooding can result not only in costly damage to property, but can also pose a risk to life and livelihood. It is essential that future development is planned carefully, steering it away from areas that are most at risk from flooding, and ensuring that it does not exacerbate existing known flooding problems. November 2013 i STRATEGIC FLOOD RISK ASSESSMENT (SFRA) A Technical Report Supporting the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead Borough Local Plan 8. The National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF): Section 10 Meeting the challenge of climate change, flooding and coastal change has been developed to underpin decisions relating to future development (including urban regeneration) within areas that are subject to flood risk. In simple terms, the NPPF requires local planning authorities to review the variation in flood risk across their district, and to steer vulnerable development (e.g. housing) towards areas of lowest risk. Where this cannot be achieved and development is to be permitted in areas that may be subject to some degree of flood risk, the NPPF requires the Council to demonstrate that there are sustainable mitigation solutions available that will ensure that the risk to property and life is minimised (throughout the lifetime of the development) should flooding occur. 9. The Strategic Flood Risk Assessment (SFRA) is the first step in this process, and it provides the building blocks upon which the Council’s planning and development control decisions will be made. What is a Strategic Flood Risk Assessment (SFRA)? 10. The Royal Borough of Windsor & Maidenhead Strategic Flood Risk Assessment (SFRA) has been carried out to meet the following key objectives: ¾ To collate all known sources of flooding, including river, surface water (local drainage), sewers and groundwater, that may affect existing and/or future development within the Borough; ¾ To delineate areas that have a ‘low’, ‘medium’ and ‘high’ probability of flooding, as well as the Functional Floodplain, within the Borough, in accordance with the National Planning Policy (NPPF), and to map these: - Functional Floodplain incorporates areas of the region susceptible to flooding within which “water has to flow or be stored in times of flood”1; - Areas of ‘high’ probability of flooding are assessed as having a 1 in 100 or greater chance of river flooding (>1%) in any year, and are referred to as Zone 3 High Probability; - Areas of ‘medium’ probability of flooding are assessed as having between a 1 in 100 and 1 in 1000 chance of river flooding (1% to 0.1%) in any year, and are referred to as Zone 2 Medium Probability; - Areas of ‘low’ probability of flooding are assessed as having a less than 1 in 1000 chance of flooding (<0.1%) in any year, and are referred to as Zone 1 Low Probability. ¾ Within flood affected areas, to recommend appropriate land uses (in accordance with the NPPF Sequential Test) that will not unduly place people or property at risk of flooding; and ¾ Where flood risk has been identified as a potential constraint to future development, recommend possible flood mitigation solutions that may be integrated into the design (by the developer) to minimise the risk to property and life should a flood occur (in accordance with the NPPF Exception Test). 1 As defined by NPPF November 2013 ii STRATEGIC FLOOD RISK ASSESSMENT (SFRA) A Technical Report Supporting the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead Borough Local Plan The Sequential Test 11. The primary objective of the NPPF is to steer vulnerable development towards areas of lowest probability of flooding, i.e. Flood Risk Zone 1 Low Probability. The NPPF advocates a sequential approach that will guide the planning decision making process (i.e. the allocation of sites). In simple terms, this requires planners to seek to allocate sites for future development within areas of lowest flood risk. Only if it can be demonstrated that there are no suitable sites within these areas should alternative sites (i.e. within areas that may potentially be at risk of flooding) be contemplated. This is referred to as the Sequential Test. The NPPF Sequential Test is identified within Paragraph 101 of the NPPF and paragraph 5 of the Technical Guide for the NPPF (March 2012)) and Section 6.4.1 of this document. 12. Following the application of the Sequential Test, the NPPF stipulates permissible development types (refer Table 2, the NPPF Technical Guidance and duplicated in Appendix G) within each flood zone. This considers both the probability of flooding within a site, and the likely vulnerability of the proposed development to damage (and indeed the risk to the lives of the site tenants) should a flood occur. The Exception Test 13. Many towns within England are situated adjacent to rivers, and are at risk of flooding. The future sustainability of these communities relies heavily upon their ability to grow and prosper. The NPPF recognises that, in some local authorities, restricting residential development from areas designated as Zone 3a High Probability may heavily
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