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“I Go for Independence”: Stephen Austin and Two Wars for Texan Independence
“I go for Independence”: Stephen Austin and Two Wars for Texan Independence A thesis submitted To Kent State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts by James Robert Griffin August 2021 ©Copyright All rights reserved Except for previously published materials Thesis written by James Robert Griffin B.S., Kent State University, 2019 M.A., Kent State University, 2021 Approved by Kim M. Gruenwald , Advisor Kevin Adams , Chair, Department of History Mandy Munro-Stasiuk , Interim Dean, College of Arts and Sciences TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS…………………………………………………………………...……iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS………………………………………………………………………v INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………………………..1 CHAPTERS I. Building a Colony: Austin leads the Texans Through the Difficulty of Settling Texas….9 Early Colony……………………………………………………………………………..11 The Fredonian Rebellion…………………………………………………………………19 The Law of April 6, 1830………………………………………………………………..25 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………….32 II. Time of Struggle: Austin Negotiates with the Conventions of 1832 and 1833………….35 Civil War of 1832………………………………………………………………………..37 The Convention of 1833…………………………………………………………………47 Austin’s Arrest…………………………………………………………………………...52 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………….59 III. Two Wars: Austin Guides the Texans from Rebellion to Independence………………..61 Imprisonment During a Rebellion……………………………………………………….63 War is our Only Resource……………………………………………………………….70 The Second War…………………………………………………………………………78 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………….85 -
Convention Grade 7
Texas Historical Commission Washington-on-the-Brazos A Texas Convention Grade 7 Virtual Field Trip visitwashingtononthebrazos.com Learning Guide Grade 7 Childhood in the Republic Overview: A New Beginning for Texas Texas became Mexican territory in 1821 and the new settlers brought by Stephen F. Austin and others were considered Mexican citizens. The distance between the settlements and Mexico (proper), plus the increasing number of settlers moving into the territory caused tension. The settlers had little influence in their government and limited exposure to Mexican culture. By the time of the Convention of 1836, fighting had already Image “Reading of the Texas Declaration of broken out in some areas. The causes of some of this Independence,” Courtesy of Artie Fultz Davis Estate; Artist: Charles and Fanny Norman, June 1936 fighting were listed as grievances in the Texas Declaration of Independence. Objectives • Identify the key grievances given by the people of Texas that lead to the formation of government in the independent Republic of Texas • How do they compare to the grievances of the American Revolution? • How do they relate to the Mexican complaints against Texas? • How did these grievances lead to the formation of government in the Republic? • Identify the key persons at the Convention of 1836 Social Studies TEKS 4th Grade: 4.3A, 4.13A 7th Grade: 7.1 B, 7.2 D, 7.3C Resources • Activity 1: 59 for Freedom activity resources • Activity 2: Declaration and Constitution Causes and Effects activity resources • Extension Activity: Order -
Bustillo Family Papers, 1772-1936
Texas A&M University-San Antonio Digital Commons @ Texas A&M University-San Antonio Finding Aids: Guides to the Collection Archives & Special Collections 2020 Bustillo Family Papers, 1772-1936 DRT Collection at Texas A&M University-San Antonio Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.tamusa.edu/findingaids A Guide to the Bustillo Family Papers, 1772-1936 Descriptive Summary Creator: Bustillo Family Title: Bustillo Family Papers Dates: 1772-1936 Creator Prominent in the early business and civic affairs of San Antonio, Texas, Abstract: the Bustillo family and its related families have lived in the area for well over two hundred years. Content Containing correspondence, legal documents, financial records, printed Abstract: material, and photographs, the Bustillo family papers document several generations of related families. The earliest items are associated with Domingo Bustillo (1779-1854) and reflect his involvement in family estate matters, land transactions, business activities, and personal matters. Most of the papers after 1855 are related to members of the Gutierres family and reflect business and personal activities. Family letters include letters from soldiers serving in the Confederate army during the Civil War. Identification: Col 879 Extent: 1.67 linear feet (4 boxes) Language: The bulk of the papers are in Spanish. Some materials are in English. Repository: DRT Collection at Texas A&M University-San Antonio Biographical Note Prominent in the early business and civic affairs of San Antonio, the Bustillo family and its related families have lived in the area for well over two hundred years. The family name was established in San Antonio with the arrival of José Antonio Bustillo y Ceballos (circa 1744-1793) in about 1766, family tradition claiming relationship to Juan Antonio Bustillo y Cevallos, governor of Texas from 1731 to 1734. -
Chapter 10 Sec 3.Pdf
TXSE_3_10_p214-233 11/22/02 10:15 AM Page 229 Why It Matters Now The constitution written by the 3 Texas Gains Independence Texas delegates to the Consultation established the basis for Texas government today. TERMS & NAMES OBJECTIVES MAIN IDEA Convention of 1836, 1. Explain the significance of the Convention The Convention of 1836, held while George Childress, ad of 1836. the battles of the Texas Revolution interim, Lorenzo de Zavala, 2. Identify the significance of the year 1836. were being fought, declared that Treaties of Velasco, Texas was independent of Mexico. annexation The Treaties of Velasco marked the end of the Texas Revolution and the beginning of the Republic of Texas. Imagine that the Texas Revolution has just ended. You left your home WHAT Would You Do? during the Revolution for safer ground. Now that the fighting is over, Write your response you are about to return home. What do you expect to find when you get to Interact with History in your Texas Notebook. there? What are your hopes for the newly independent nation of Texas? Time for a Decision While one group of revolutionaries was fighting for Texas on the battlefield, another group was meeting to decide Texas’s fate. The defend- ers at the Alamo were under fire from Santa Anna, and Texas still had not officially declared independence from Mexico. When delegates to the first Consultation met in November 1835, they had a decision to make. Should they support Texas remaining a part of Mexico and continue to work on restoring the state’s rights granted in the Constitution of 1824? Or should they seek independence? They called a second meeting of the Consultation on March 1, 1836, hoping that events would help them make their decision. -
A Bitter Division Evolves of 1832 and 1833 Established the Foundations of an Independent Texas
TXSE_3_09_p190-209 11/26/02 2:55 PM Page 196 Why It Matters Now Early battles and the Conventions 2 A Bitter Division Evolves of 1832 and 1833 established the foundations of an independent Texas. TERMS & NAMES OBJECTIVES MAIN IDEA Antonio López de Santa Anna, 1. Describe the controversy surrounding Clashes between Texas colonists and allegiance, centralist, the Constitution of 1824. Mexican leaders over states’ rights John Davis Bradburn, Anahuac, 2. Explain the significance of the Turtle led Texans to petition for a separate Turtle Bayou Resolutions, Bayou Resolutions. state. resolution, Battle of Velasco, 3. Identify the events that led to the delegate, Convention of 1832, arrest of Stephen F. Austin. Convention of 1833 WHAT Would You Do? Imagine that you are a Texas colonist. You are unhappy with some Write your response of the changes that the Mexican government has made. You and to Interact with History the other colonists want to let the Mexican leaders know that you in your Texas Notebook. are upset, but you do not want to appear as if you are rebelling against the government. You decide to write a letter to the government officials. What would you include in your letter? Unrest in Texas The Law of April 6, 1830, marked a turning point in the relation- ship between the Texas colonists and the Mexican government. The most obvious sign of this strained relationship was the sending of Mexican soldiers into Texas. The soldiers were assigned the task of collecting the customs duties. Although military forces were already stationed at Nacogdoches, Bexar, San Antonio, and Goliad, additional troops arrived at these locations. -
Italian and Irish Contributions to the Texas War for Independence
East Texas Historical Journal Volume 23 Issue 2 Article 7 10-1985 Italian and Irish Contributions to the Texas War for Independence Valentine J. Belfiglio Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ethj Part of the United States History Commons Tell us how this article helped you. Recommended Citation Belfiglio, alentineV J. (1985) "Italian and Irish Contributions to the Texas War for Independence," East Texas Historical Journal: Vol. 23 : Iss. 2 , Article 7. Available at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ethj/vol23/iss2/7 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the History at SFA ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in East Texas Historical Journal by an authorized editor of SFA ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 28 EAST TEXAS mSTORICAL ASSOCIATION ITALIAN AND IRISH CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TEXAS WAR FOR INDEPENDENCE by Valentine J. Belfiglio The Texas War for Independence erupted with the Battle of Gon zales on October 2, 1835.' Centralist forces had renounced the Mex ican constitution and established a dictatorship. The Texas settlers, meanwhile, developed grievances. They desired to retain their English language and American traditions, and feared that the Mex ican government would abolish slavery. Texans also resented Mex ican laws which imposed duties on imported goods, suspended land contracts, and prohibited American immigration. At first the Americans were bent on restoring the constitution, but later they decided to fight for separation from Mexico. Except for research by Luciano G. Rusich (1979, 1982), about the role of the Marquis of " Sant'Angelo, and research by John B. -
Border Wars & the New Texas Navy
Digital Commons at St. Mary's University Faculty Articles School of Law Faculty Scholarship 2013 Border Wars & The New Texas Navy: International Treaties, Waterways, And State Sovereignty After Arizona v. United States Bill Piatt St. Mary's University School of Law, [email protected] Rachel Ambler Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.stmarytx.edu/facarticles Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Bill Piatt and Rachel Ambler, Border Wars & The New Texas Navy: International Treaties, Waterways, And State Sovereignty After Arizona v. United States, 15 Scholar 535 (2013). This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the School of Law Faculty Scholarship at Digital Commons at St. Mary's University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Articles by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons at St. Mary's University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. BORDER WARS & THE NEW TEXAS NAVY: INTERNATIONAL TREATIES, WATERWAYS, AND STATE SOVEREIGNTY AFTER ARIZONA V. UNITED STATES BILL PIATT* RACHEL AMBLER** "Texas has yet to learn submission to any oppression, come from what source it may." -Sam Houston' * Dean (1998-2007) and Professor of Law (1998-Present), St. Mary's University School of Law. ** Student at St. Mary's University School of Law and Law Clerk at Pullman, Cappuccio, Pullen & Benson, LLP, San Antonio, Texas. 1. Samuel Houston, of Texas, In reference to the Military Occupation of Santa Fe and in Defence of Texas and the Texan Volunteers in the Mexican War, Address Before the Senate (June 29, 1850), in DAtiy NAIONAL INTELLIGENCER (Washington, D.C.), Oct. -
Los Teianos: Mexican Texans in the Revolution
Los Teianos: Mexican Texans in the Revolution aur D. Lacr ts Exrcuuve Vtcr PnssloENT FoR Aceopulc AppelRs aNo DrnN et SrrvsNsoN UxivgRstrv tu MeRvl,aNo. PRtoR To ACCEPTING THIS PoslrloN, HE TAUGHT HrsroRy nr McMuRnv UNIvrRstrv IN ASILENE, TExes. Dn. Lacr aurHoRED THE proNEERrNc sruDl Tnp, Trx.qs RnvoLunoNeRv ExprRrr.Lrcn: A PourtcAL AND Soaar Hrsrony 1835-1836. IN 1835, MORE THAN 4,000 TrlaNos LIVED rN Trxes. THnv ResrorD CHIEFLY IN FouR sET- TLEMENTS: NeCOCpOCseS, VICTORIA, BEXAR, RNn GOlno. TsE TEXaS REvOluttON Op 1835_1836 DIVIDED MSXICEN TCXANS AND BROUGHT THEM SUBSTANT]AL TTENOSHIP. SOUT TrtaNos REMATNED NEUTRAL wHrLE oTHERS suppoRTED Mrxtco. MaNv TEJeNos, sow- EVER, ACTIVELv AIDED rHe TgxraN cAUsE, INCLUDING sucH MEN es ]uaN SrcuiN, Vtcrol LouplaNo PrAcrto BrNavroes. IN rnrs sELECTToN, Dn. Lacr EXAMINES rse TElaNo norr rN THE TExas REvorurloN..6 ************************ The experience of Tejanos in the Texas Revolution, while distinctive from that of any other group, was not characterized by uniformity. Numbering over 4,000 on the eve of the conflict, "Los Tejanos: Mexican Texans in the Revolution" reprinted from The Texas Revolutionary Experience: A Political and Social Hktory, )835-1 836 by Paul D. Lack by permission of Texas A&M University Press. Copyright O I 992 by Paul D. Lack. 53 the Texas Mexican population resided mostly in four communities. Except in Nacogdoches, with a Tejano population of over 600, they found themselves engulfed by the war. The approx- imately 450 De Le6n colonists from in and around Victoria felt the effects less severely at first than did the 1,600 in the B6xar area and the 1,350 in the Goliad region, where the people suf- fered from living in the war zone. -
The Convention of 1836 Main Ideas Key Terms and People 1
DO NOT EDIT--Changes must be made through “File info” CorrectionKey=TX-A Section 4 The Convention of 1836 Main Ideas Key Terms and People 1. The Convention of 1836 declared Texan independence. • Convention of 1836 2. The Constitution of 1836 established the first • Lorenzo de Zavala government for the Republic of Texas. • George C. Childress • popular sovereignty Why It Matters Today • bill of rights On March 2, 1836, convention delegates adopted the • petition Texas Declaration of Independence. Today, March 2 is an • ad interim official state holiday. Use current events sources to learn • David G. Burnet about how people around the world celebrate their nations’ independence today. TEKS: 1B, 3B, 3C, 3D, 14A, 21A, 21B, 21D, 22D The Story Continues myNotebook Rain made travel rough. But on March 1, 1836, delegates began to arrive in Washington-on-the-Brazos. At the newly Use the annotation tools in your eBook built settlement, delegates found the streets full of ankle- Bleed Art Guide: to take notes on the deep mud. The convention met in a small unfurnished All bleeding art should be extended fullyevents to the and results bleed guide. of the Convention building. Only cloth covered its window openings, and chilly of 1836. winds blew through the building regularly. In spite of the uncomfortable conditions, the delegates were determined to accomplish their task. Texas Declares Independence Art and Non-Teaching Text Guide: Folios, annos, standards, non-bleeding art, etc. should never go beyond this guide on any side, 1p6 to trim. At Washington-on-the-Brazos, a group of prominent Texans waited anx- iously for news from the Alamo. -
Texas Military Forces News
Texas Military Forces News "Texans Defending Texas" MEDIA ADVISORY Media wishing to cover the re-enactments are invited to do so beginning at 11:00 a.m. or 2:00 p.m. and must arrive 30 minutes before the show to allow for parking and coordination. Members of the media are required to RSVP no later than Friday, Nov. 7, 2014, by 5:00 p.m. with the TXMF Museum at 512-782-5659 or 512-934-4059. Camp Mabry is accessed at the Maintenance Drive gate from 35th Street and media will be required to show credentials at the gate. FOR IMMEDIATE PUBLIC RELEASE: World War II Re-enactments Kick off Saturday, Ends Sunday AUSTIN, Texas (Nov. 6, 2014) – Close Assault 1944 will kick off on Saturday, Nov. 8, 2014 and conclude Sunday, Nov. 9, 2014 at Camp Mabry, in Austin, to honor the service and sacrifice of America’s veterans and focus on the history of the 36th Infantry Division, Texas Army National Guard, during World War II. Show times are at 11:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m. both days. The free program, now in its eighth year, features members of the Texas Military Forces Living History Detachment exhibiting the uniform and equipment worn by the American GI in the European Theater of the Second World War, and those of his German opponent. In addition, the two-day event will provide guests the opportunity to witness firing demonstrations of the most famous U.S. and German small arms of World War II, as well as see everything from tents and radio equipment to GI baseball gloves and mess kits and operational vehicles such as an M4 Sherman Tank, M3 Halftrack and Jeeps. -
Prominent Women of Texas
PD Commons ^if rW^- PD Books PD Commons PD Books PD Commons PD Books PD Commons PROMINENT WOMEN OF TEXAS BY ELIZABETH BROOKS MANUFACTURED BY !>' THE WERNER COMPANY, AKRON, OHIO 3^u Copyright, 1896, BY ELIZABETH BROOKS. PD Books PD Commons PREFACE. ^^HE women of Texas, like the women of every geograph- ical division of the globe, and in every age of the world, have played their part in the drama of human progress. Like their co- workers of the other sex, only the comparatively few have filled niches in the pantheon of greatness, but these few, of both sexes, had added to the light of the world's illumination some of its purest rays, and have given to history some of its lessons of great- est value. By way of proem to the story of female achievement in Texas, it may not be unprofitable to recall a few of the women, who, in their day, and by their mental prowess, contributed to human advance- ment. In the dawn of history, and among the most favored of the race, though subordinated to her lord by civil and religious law, woman began her intellectual work. In the person of Deborah we find one of the thirteen judges who successively ruled in Israel, and one whose wise administration vindicated her claim to the ofiBce. When Jeremiah, the prophet, and Hilkiah, the high-priest, and Shaphan, the scribe, all faltered in their interpretation of the Divine will, only Huldah, the prophetess, could reveal to them the mean- ing of the book of the law. -
95260-Texian Newsletter
THE TEXIAN The Official Publication of The Sons of the Republic of Texas VOL II NUMBER 7 JULY 2009 Lone Star Chapter #58 Fernland Tour 2009 On May the eighth, a Lone Star Chapter SRT work group readied the grounds around the five historic buildings on the forty acre facility known as “Fernland”. One of the buildings is the Chatham family cabin known as “Bear Bend”. Family history relates that it was one Sam Houston’s favorite places to stay for hunting trips. On May ninth, the Lone Star Chapter #58 and Godfrey Educational Association hosted about 90 invited guests, the Texas Army, DRT members and Fernland supporters to the forty acre compound. Dr. Patrick Nolan, Sam Houston Museum director was the keynote speaker and historian for the tour. Entertainment was provided by reenactments of the Texas Army, music by Godfrey Educational Association, spinning wheel demonstration by Jesse Jones, park volunteer Jane Hilton, food services provided by Holcomb and Williams Realtors bar-b-que volunteers along with many other volunteers and reenactors. PRESIDENT GENERAL’S MESSAGE Are we missing something? a meaningful display to generate interest. Have we as a country, have we as a state always just gone about life and It is difficult for us as individuals to business without any concern for the feel that we can do anything meaningful. meaning of the special days? Do we Actually, it is not easy for organizations, care more about “the bottom line” either. It takes all of us and it takes faith than the reason for these special days? in what we are doing.