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United States Department of the Interior u.s. ID # 16 FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE United States Department of the Interior FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE La Grande Field Office ~ 3502 Highway 30 La Grande, Oregon 97850 Phone: (541) 962-8584 FAX: (541) 962-8581 Reply To: 8330.F0147 (08) File Name: Invasive Plant Project_ Umatilla_ WWNF_80 _Final.doc TS Number: 09-117 MAR 1 0 2009 TAILS: 13420-2008-F-0147 Doc Type: Final Mr. Steven A. Ellis Forest Supervisor Wallowa-Whitman National Forest P.O. Box 907 Baker City, OR 97814 Mr. Kevin Martin Forest Supervisor Umatilla National Forest 2517 S.W. Hailey Avenue Pendleton, OR 97801 Subject: Umatilla and Wallowa-Whitman National Forests' Invasive Plant Project, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington (2009-2018) - Formal Consultation (FWS reference 13420-2008-F-0147) Dear Mr. Ellis and Mr. Martin: This letter transmits the Fish and Wildlife Service's (Service) Concurrence and Biological Opinion (Opinion) for the Umatilla and Wallowa-Whitman National Forests' Invasive Plant Project on both National Forests in Oregon, Washington, and Idaho. This responds to your September 16, 2008 request for initiation of formal consultation with the Service on the Proj ect in accordance with Section 7 ofthe Endangered Species Act (Act) of 1973, as amended (16 U.S.c. 1531 et seq.). Your request was received by our office on September 25, 2008. Analyzed in this Concurrence and Opinion are potential effects to bull trout (Salve/in us confluentus) and designated bull trout critical habitat, MacFarlane's four o'clock (Mirabilis macfarlanei), Spalding's catchfly (Silene spaldingii) and Gray wolf (Canis lupus) from the Umatilla and Wallowa-Whitman National Forests' Invasive Plant Project. Based on information provided in the Assessment, the Forests have determined, and we concur, that the impacts associated with the proposed project are likely to adversely affect bull trout and designated bull trout critical habitat, Macfarlane'sfour-o'clock, and Spalding's catchfly. In addition, the Forests determined, and the Service concurs, that the Project may affect, but is not likely to adversely affect, Gray wolf. A complete administrative record of this consultation is on Printed on 100 percent chlorine free/60 percent post-consumer content paper. TAKE PRIDE®1a?=:; ~ INAMERICA~' Mr. Steven A. Ellis and Mr. Kevin Martin ID # 16 2 file at the La Grande Field Office, La Grande, Oregon. The Concurrence and Opinion are for a period of 10 years, from the date of issuance through December 31, 2018. We appreciate your concern for listed species. The Forests are encouraged to continue to explore opportunities to manage proactively for the benefit of native fish, wildlife and plant species, and to promote the conservation oflisted species as directed by section 7 (a)(1) of the Act. If you have any questions on this Opinion or Concurrence, or require more information regarding this consultation, please contact Gretchen Sausen or me at (541) 962-8584. Sincerely, ~i~~ Field Supervisor Enclosure cc: Bill Knox, Oregon Dept. ofFish and Wildlife, Enterprise, Oregon Nadine Craft, Oregon Dept. ofFish and Wildlife, La Grande, Oregon Jeff Neal, Oregon Dept. ofFish and Wildlife, Pendleton, Oregon Gene Yates, Wallowa-Whitman National Forest, Baker City, Oregon Tracii Hickman, Umatilla National Forest, Pendleton, Oregon Spencer Hovekamp, National Marine Fisheries Service, La Grande, Oregon Gretchen Sausen, Fish and Wildlife Service, La Grande, Oregon ID # 16 CONCURRENCE AND BIOLOGICAL OPINION For the Invasive Plant Project Umatilla and Wallowa-Whitman National Forests Umatilla, John Day, Walla-Walla, Imnaha, Snake, Pine, Powder, and Grande Ronde Subbasins (Oregon, Idaho, and Washington) Action Agencies: Umatilla National Forest Wallowa-Whitman National Forest Consultation Conducted by: U.s. Fish and Wildlife Service La Grande Field Office La Grande, Oregon Date Issued: MAR 102009 Issued by: ~&~ Field Supervisor File No. : 13420-2008-F-0147 [8330.F0147 (08)] Printed on 100 percent chlorine free/60 percent post-consumer content paper. ID # 16 Mr. Steven A. Ellis and Mr. Kevin Martin 11 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................... 1 CONSULTATION HISTORy ..................................................................................................... 1 CONCURRENCE ......................................................................................................................... 2 BIOLOGICAL OPINION ................................ ~ ........................................................................... 2 1. Description of the Proposed Action ......................................................... : ........................... 2 1.1 Invasive Plant Treatment Methods ................................................................................ 5 1.1.1 Biological Methods ................................................................................................. 5 1.1.2 Manual and Mechanical Methods .......................................................................... 5 1.1.3 Mulching ................................................................................................................. 6 1.1.4 Thermal Techniques ................................................................................................ 7 1.2 Early Detection, Rapid Response Treatment Strategy ................................................ 10 1.3 Project Design Features ............................................................................................... 10 1.4 Conservation Measures ................................................................................................ 14 1.5 Action Area ................................................................................................................... 14 2. Status of the Species/Critical Habitat ............................................................................... 15 2.1 Bull Trout ..................................................................................................................... 15 2.1.1 Listing Status .. ....................................................................................................... 15 2.1.2 Current Status and Conservation Needs ............................................................... 15 2.1.3 Life History ........................................................................................................... 18 2.1.4 Habitat Characteristics ......................................................................................... 19 2.1.5 Diet ........................................................................................................................ 21 2.2 Bull Trout Critical Habitat .......................................................................................... 22 2.3 Macfarlane'sfour-o'clock ........................................................................................... 26 2.3.1 Listing Status ......................................................................................................... 26 2.3.2 Species Description and Taxonomy ...................................................................... 26 2.3.3 Environment and Habitat ...................................................................................... 27 2.3.4 Distribution, Life History, and Populations ......................................................... 27 2.3.5 Reasons for Listing/Threats .................................................................................. 29 2.3.6 Conservation Needs .............................................................................................. 29 2.3.7 Conservation Actions ............................................................................................ 29 2.4 Spalding's Catchfly ............................. ;..,.: ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 30 O.t.... c 2.4.1 Listing Status ........... :............................. ::'.::: ........................................................... 30 2.4.2 Species Description and Taxonomy ...................................................................... 30 2.4.3 Environment and Habitat ...................................................................................... 31 2.4.4 Distribution, Life History and Populations .......................................................... 34 2.4.5 Reasons for ListinglThreats .................................................................................. 37 2.4.6 Conservation Needs and Biological Constraints .................................................. 37 2.4.7 Conservation Actions ............................................................................................ 38 3. Environmental Baseline...................................................................................................... 39 3.1 Bull Trout ..................................................................................................................... 39 3.1.1 Status ofthe Species and Critical Habitat in the Action Area .............................. 39 3.1.2 Factors Affecting Species Environment/Critical Habitat within the Action Area 44 3.2 Macfarlane'sfour-o'clock .......................................................................................... 47 3.2.1 Known Occurrences in the Action Area ................................................................ 47 3.2.2 Factors Affecting Species Environment within the Action Area ........................... 48 Printed
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