Istambay: a Sociological Analysis of Youth Inactivity in the Philippines

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Istambay: a Sociological Analysis of Youth Inactivity in the Philippines ISTAMBAY: A SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF YOUTH INACTIVITY IN THE PHILIPPINES By Clarence M. Batan Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Dalhousie University Halifax, Nova Scotia February 2010 © Copyright by Clarence M. Batan, 2010 DALHOUSIE UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY AND SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY The undersigned hereby certify that they have read and recommend to the Faculty of Graduate Studies for acceptance a thesis entitled ―ISTAMBAY: A SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF YOUTH INACTIVITY IN THE PHILIPPINES‖ by Clarence M. Batan in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Dated: February 26, 2010 External Examiner _____________________________________ Research Supervisor: _____________________________________ Examining Committee: _____________________________________ _____________________________________ Departmental Representative: ii DALHOUSIE UNIVERSITY DATE: February 26, 2010 AUTHOR: Clarence M. Batan TITLE: ISTAMBAY: A SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF YOUTH INACTIVITY IN THE PHILIPPINES DEPARTMENT OR SCHOOL: Department of Sociology and Social Anthropology DEGREE: PhD CONVOCATION: May YEAR: 2010 Permission is herewith granted to Dalhousie University to circulate and to have copied for non-commercial purposes, at its discretion, the above title upon the request of individuals or institutions. Signature of Author The author reserves other publication rights, and neither the thesis nor extensive extracts from it may be printed or otherwise reproduced without the author‘s written permission. The author attests that permission has been obtained for the use of any copyrighted material appearing in the thesis (other than the brief excerpts requiring only proper acknowledgement in scholarly writing), and that all such use is clearly acknowledged. iii Dedication Ito ay buong puso kong inihahandog sa lahat ng mga Pilipinong istambay – kung saan ang makahulugang pagtambay ay nagbigay inspirasyon sa pagsulat ng disertasyong ito. This is dearly dedicated to all Filipino istambay – whose meaningful experience of inactivity inspired the writing of this dissertation. iv Table of Contents List of Tables ................................................................................................................... xiv List of Figures ................................................................................................................. xvii Abstract .......................................................................................................................... xviii Glossary of Selected Filipino Terms Used ...................................................................... xix Acknowledgments..............................................................................................................xx Chapter I .............................................................................................................................1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................1 A. The Research Problem ................................................................................................1 B. Research Contexts ........................................................................................................4 1. Youth Inactivity as a Social Issue ....................................................................... 4 2. Study Setting: The Philippines............................................................................ 5 a. Background on the Philippines ........................................................................5 b. Political History ...............................................................................................7 c. The Philippine Education and Employment Situation .....................................9 c.1 System of Education and Current State .................................................... 9 c.2 Employment Situation ............................................................................. 11 C. Potential Use of Research Findings ........................................................................13 D. Remaining Chapters ..................................................................................................14 v Chapter II .........................................................................................................................15 A Review of Theories, Context and Evidence ........................................15 A. The Filipino Youth Istambay in the Realm of Social Theories ....................................15 1. Theoretical Considerations ............................................................................... 17 2. Generation and Youth: From the Classics to Contemporary Theories ............. 17 3. Generational Perspective .................................................................................. 19 a. Intergenerational Relations ............................................................................19 b. Age Inequality and Social Reproduction .......................................................23 4. Youth as a Social Category ............................................................................... 25 a. Notion of ―Youth‖ ..........................................................................................26 b. Coming-of-Age Processes .............................................................................29 5. Conceptual Implications to the Understanding of the Filipino Istambay ......... 30 a. On Generation ................................................................................................30 b. On Youth ........................................................................................................32 c. Theories and the Filipino Istambay ................................................................33 6. Considering Mills and Bourdieu ....................................................................... 36 a. Fields ..............................................................................................................37 b. Forms of Capital ............................................................................................38 c. Habitus ...........................................................................................................40 d. A Theory of Transitional Crises ....................................................................41 vi B. Literature Review.......................................................................................................42 1. Contextual Issues of Concern ........................................................................... 43 2. Studies Related to Youth Inactivity .................................................................. 46 a. Western Youth Ethnographies .......................................................................46 b. Cross-cultural Research .................................................................................48 c. Philippine-based Studies ................................................................................50 Chapter III ........................................................................................................................53 Studying the Filipino Istambay: A Mixed Methods Research P r o c e s s ..........................................................................................................................53 A. Why Mixed Methods Approach ...............................................................................53 B. Brief History of the Istambay Project .....................................................................55 C. Multiple Data Sources ...............................................................................................56 1. Secondary Data ................................................................................................ 56 a. Young Adult Fertility and Sexuality Study (YAFS) 2002 .............................56 a.1 YAFS 2002‘s Research Design ............................................................... 57 a.2 Self-reported Main Activity: Key Variable of Interest ........................... 58 a.3 Operationalization of Selected Variables ................................................ 59 a.4 UP Population Institute (UPPI) and YAFS 2002 Data .......................... 62 b. Songs and Internet Postings ...........................................................................62 2. Primary Data .................................................................................................... 63 a. Case Studies ...................................................................................................63 vii a.1 Field Sites ................................................................................................ 63 a.2 Field Research Procedures ...................................................................... 65 a.3 Funding Support ...................................................................................... 65 a.4 Research Assistants ................................................................................. 66 a.5 Data-gathering Procedures ...................................................................... 66 a.6 National Situation During the Conduct of Research ............................... 69 b. Istambay Conceptual Survey .........................................................................69 D. Mixed Methods Research Decisions: Analysis, Integration and
Recommended publications
  • Governor: Address: Region I Gov. Imee R. Ma
    Unit 1510, West Tower , Philippine Stock Exchange Centre, Exchange Road, Pasig City Contact Nos :(02) 6875399; 631-0197; 631-0170 Fax No. (02) 687-4048 Website: www. lpponline.org Email Address: [email protected] GOVERNOR: ADDRESS: TELEPHONE NUMBERS FAX NOS. REGION I GOV. IMEE R. MARCOS Provincial Capitol, (077) 772-1211 (077) 772-1772 2900 Laoag City, Ilocos Norte (077) 770-3966 (077) 770-3966 GOV. RYAN LUIS V. SINGSON Provincial Capitol (077) 722-2776 (077) 722-2776 2700 Vigan, Ilocos Sur 722-2746 (077) 722-7063 GOV. MANUEL C. ORTEGA Provincial Capitol (072) 888-3608 (072) 888-4453 2500 San Fernando, La Union GOV. AMADO T. ESPINO JR. Provincial Capitol (075) 542-2368 (075) 542-6438 2401 Lingayen, Pangasinan (075) 542-6438 REGION II GOV. VICENTE D. GATO Provincial Capitol N/A N/A 3900 Basco, Batanes GOV. ALVARO T. ANTONIO Provincial Capitol (078) 304-0083 (078) 846-7576 3500 Tuguegarao, Cagayan (078) 304-2293 GOV. FAUSTINO G. DY, III Provincial Capitol (078) 323-2536 (078) 323-0369 3300 Ilagan, Isabela 323-2038 GOV. RUTH R. PADILLA Provincial Capitol (078) 326-5474 (078) 326-5474 3700 Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya GOV. JUNIE E. CUA Provincial Capitol (078) 692-5068 (078) 692-5068 3400 Cabarruguis, Quirino (02) 633-2118 CAR GOV. EUSTAQUIO P. BERSAMIN Provincial Capitol (074) 752-8118 (074) 752-7857 2800 Bangued, Abra GOV. ELIAS C. BULUT, JR. Provincial Capitol (02) 932-6495 (02) 932-6495 3809 Kabugao, Apayao 427-8224 GOV. NESTOR B. FONGWAN Provincial Capitol (074) 422-2609 (074) 422-2004 2601 La Trinidad, Benguet GOV. DENIS B.
    [Show full text]
  • The Generation Gap: a Comparison of the Negative Portrayals of Hippies and Generation Xers
    University of Northern Iowa UNI ScholarWorks Presidential Scholars Theses (1990 – 2006) Honors Program 1995 The generation gap: A comparison of the negative portrayals of hippies and Generation Xers Greg Becker University of Northern Iowa Let us know how access to this document benefits ouy Copyright ©1995 Greg Becker Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uni.edu/pst Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Becker, Greg, "The generation gap: A comparison of the negative portrayals of hippies and Generation Xers" (1995). Presidential Scholars Theses (1990 – 2006). 39. https://scholarworks.uni.edu/pst/39 This Open Access Presidential Scholars Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors Program at UNI ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Presidential Scholars Theses (1990 – 2006) by an authorized administrator of UNI ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Generation Gap: A comparison of the negative portrayals of Hippies and Generation Xers Presented by: Greg Becker March 15, 1995 Presidential Scholars Senior Project Generation Gap 1 ABSTRACT The term "generation gap" is usually used to describe a situation in which a division develops between generations. The tension results from one generation, usually the younger generation, possessing a set of values and beliefs that are consistently different from the values and beliefs of another generation, usually the older generation. A comparison of newspaper articles concerning both Hippies and Generation Xers was conducted to illustrate the contention that generational conflict occurs in a cyclical pattern with each successive generation. The older generation usually portrays the younger generation in a negative manner.
    [Show full text]
  • Controversy 11
    Controversy 11 AGING BOOMERS Boom or Bust? WHO ARE THE BOOMERS? When you hear the word “Boomer,” what do you think of? Who are the Boomers, actually? It’s important to give an answer to both questions. On the one hand, we need to consider the subjective associations we have with the word “Boomer.” On the other hand, we need to consider verifiable facts. The term “Boomer” easily evokes stereotypes. Stereotypes are con- veyed by many of the names given to Boomers over the years, labels such as “The Pepsi Generation,” “The Me Generation,” or “The Sixties Generation.” These phrases convey con- sumerism, narcissism, rebellion, and openness to change. Even the original term “Baby Boomer” doesn’t seem quite right because people in this generation aren’t babies anymore. The oldest of the Boomers are already receiving Social Security benefits, and many others are thinking seriously about retirement. Some facts are clear. There were 77 million people born in the United States between the years 1946 and 1964, and this group of people is generally referred to as the generation of the Boomers. We can see this group graphically displayed as a bulge in the population pyramid featured here. As the Boomer generation moves through the life course, as they grow older, this demographic fact will have big implications over the coming decades. But here we should pause to consider several interrelated questions. What does the term “generation” really mean? Do all individuals who fit into this demographic group form a single “generation”? Are there traits they share in common? Conversely, are there differences among members of the Boomer generation? This is but one set of questions we need to consider.
    [Show full text]
  • Papal Visit Philippines 2014 and 2015 2014
    This event is dedicated to the Filipino People on the occasion of the five- day pastoral and state visit of Pope Francis here in the Philippines on October 23 to 27, 2014 part of 22- day Asian and Oceanian tour from October 22 to November 13, 2014. Papal Visit Philippines 2014 and 2015 ―Mercy and Compassion‖ a Papal Visit Philippines 2014 and 2015 2014 Contents About the project ............................................................................................... 2 About the Theme of the Apostolic Visit: ‗Mercy and Compassion‘.................................. 4 History of Jesus is Lord Church Worldwide.............................................................................. 6 Executive Branch of the Philippines ....................................................................... 15 Presidents of the Republic of the Philippines ....................................................................... 15 Vice Presidents of the Republic of the Philippines .............................................................. 16 Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines ............................................ 16 Presidents of the Senate of the Philippines .......................................................................... 17 Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines ...................................................... 17 Leaders of the Roman Catholic Church ................................................................ 18 Pope (Roman Catholic Bishop of Rome and Worldwide Leader of Roman
    [Show full text]
  • Emerging Challenges of HRM in 21St Century: a Theoretical Analysis
    International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences 2017, Vol. 7, No. 3 ISSN: 2222-6990 Emerging Challenges of HRM in 21st Century: A Theoretical Analysis Shuana Zafar Nasir Lecturer, Department of Management Science Yanbu University College-Female Campus, Saudi Arabia Email: [email protected]/[email protected] DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i3/2727 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i3/2727 ABSTRACT Human Resource Management discipline extracted its roots from organizational psychology discipline and proved to be an important practice for managing organizations. The role of this practice has emerged to be strategic with due course of time. In an organization, HR has become an important strategic partner and the management of the same has become a challenging task for HR managers. Now a day, the role of human resource management departments has become indispensable for 21st century modern businesses. This article particularly focuses on changing role of human resource management practices in 21st century. This theoretical paper aims to highlight the importance of human resource managers, HR practices and its influencing factors. In addition to that, this article also elaborates the upcoming challenges which are being faced by 21st century HR managers. The literature analysis has been conducted to present emerging issues, challenges and practices of human resource management discipline in context of 21st century. Key Words: Globalization, Strategic Partner, Competency Framework, Technological Advancement, Dynamic Environment, Change Management. INTRODUCTION Companies that aspire to sustain their competitive edge, both at present and in the future require human force well equipped with recent techniques and technologies to face the changes and upcoming challenges of 21st century.
    [Show full text]
  • Exploring Generational Differences in Text Messaging Usage and Habits Daniel Wayne Long Nova Southeastern University, [email protected]
    Nova Southeastern University NSUWorks CEC Theses and Dissertations College of Engineering and Computing 2018 Exploring Generational Differences in Text Messaging Usage and Habits Daniel Wayne Long Nova Southeastern University, [email protected] This document is a product of extensive research conducted at the Nova Southeastern University College of Engineering and Computing. For more information on research and degree programs at the NSU College of Engineering and Computing, please click here. Follow this and additional works at: https://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd Part of the Communication Technology and New Media Commons, Computer Sciences Commons, Digital Communications and Networking Commons, and the Mass Communication Commons Share Feedback About This Item NSUWorks Citation Daniel Wayne Long. 2018. Exploring Generational Differences in Text Messaging Usage and Habits. Doctoral dissertation. Nova Southeastern University. Retrieved from NSUWorks, College of Engineering and Computing. (1060) https://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/1060. This Dissertation is brought to you by the College of Engineering and Computing at NSUWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in CEC Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of NSUWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 Exploring Generational Differences in Text Messaging Usage and Habits By Daniel W. Long A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Information Systems College of Engineering and Computing Nova Southeastern University 2018 2 APPROVAL PAGE 3 An Abstract of a Dissertation Submitted to Nova Southeastern University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Exploring Generational Differences in Text Messaging Usage and Habits By Daniel W.
    [Show full text]
  • Generation Y: Investigation of Their Role in the Contemporary Life Conditions and Job Market
    ISSN 2039-2117 (online) Mediterranean Journal of Vol 9 No 3 ISSN 2039-9340 (print) Social Sciences May 2018 Research Article © 2018 Argiro et.al.. This is an open access article licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). Generation Y: Investigation of Their Role in the Contemporary Life Conditions and Job Market Adamou Argiro1, M.A. Katsarou Danai-Eleni1, M.A. Koffas Stefanos1*, Dr. Aspridis George1, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Tsiotas Dimitrios2, Dr. Sdrolias Labros1, Prof. Dr. 1Department of Business Administration, Technological Educational Institute of Thessaly, Larissa-Greece 2Polytechnic School, University of Thessaly, Volos-Greece *Corresponding Author Doi: 10.2478/mjss-2018-0044 Abstract Human evolution in connection with contemporary globalization has created a new Generation: Generation Y. It consists of young people with specific qualitative characteristics and abilities, as well as a broad-minded and extrovert approach to their lives. Nevertheless, they were unlucky enough to be born and grow up in a period of intense economic crises and social upheaval. As a result they face, especially now, the spectrum of the total breakdown of job prospects and established labour rights; consequently they resort to the less frustrating reflection, that of obligatory migration. In order to better understand this Generation it was deemed necessary to develop and send a questionnaire to young people in Greece and abroad. The use and analysis of the research provides the opportunity to form a complete picture of the extent and manner in which the economic and social uncertainty influenced the development of their character, the differences in their mentality, as well as their true opinion of their own generation.
    [Show full text]
  • Generations Defined
    Generations Defined Baby Boomers (1946-1954): These are the children of “The Greatest Generation” as Tom Brokaw named them, born after World War II. This is the first generation that had wide spread access to higher education. Their world view was shaped by the space race, sexual freedom, social movements and the assassinations of JFK and Martin Luther King Jr. Their critical years for joining the work force – between the mid-1960s and the end of the 1970s – were a period when most countries enjoyed significant progress. This led to great expectations of success. Currently, this group occupies positions of higher corporate responsibility and has the largest proportion of workaholics in history. Generation Jones (1954-1965): You might not be too familiar with the younger cohort of Boomers by name because they have generally been lumped together. However, with the election of Barack Obama, born in 1961, this historically overlooked generation has gained new prominence. Members of Generation Jones were young children during the Summer of Love and missed the protests for civil rights and Vietnam. They did, however, experience Watergate, the Cold War and the Cuban Missile Crisis. This generation is so populous that the competition of “Keeping up with the Joneses” ensued. This generation also popularized the slang term, jonesing, meaning “to crave”. Generation X (1965-1979): Coined by author Douglas Coupland in 1991, this generation was shaped by the end of the Cold War, the fall of the Berlin Wall and the first Gulf War. They were the first “latch key kids” since both their parents worked and they were told to “Just Say No!” They were shaped by the Reagan presidency, the AIDS epidemic, the recession of the early ‘90s and the advent of mass media.
    [Show full text]
  • Generations FRM18
    Thinking About Different Generations Why does it matter? !1 !2 WHAT’S YOUR GENERATION AND WHY DOES IT MATTER? In society today use of generalizations is common in many situations. Describing the spectrum of population cohorts is one used by both demographers and market researchers. You can better understand the needs and desires of those population groups if you know a little about their background and their realities/norms. !3 Who are we? In Sweet Adelines chapters, we now have SIX socially identified generations – The same challenge facing many work environments today! MIXED AGES PHOTOS !5 What are these groups? GI GENERATION also known as the BUILDERS Born 1928-1945 (ages 73+) BABY BOOMERS – Born 1946-1954 (ages 64-72) BOOMERS II - Generation Jones Born 1955-1965 (ages 53-63) GENERATION X – Born 1966-1976 (ages 42-52) GENERATION Y-Millenials – Born 1977-1994 (ages 24-41) iGen - GENERATION Z – Born 1995-2012 (ages 8-23) !6 Region #10 Membership For this presentation, a snapshot as of 09/04/18 included 635 members, with 17 dual members counted in both of their choruses. 30 members have none or impossible birthdates on file with SAI Headquarters and thus are not included in the following statistics, giving us 595 included members. !7 Region #10’s membership: 595 Members # of Region 10 Ages % of Region 10 GI Generation 103 73+ 17.14% Baby Boomers 191 64-72 32.1% Boomers II 169 53-63 28.4% Gen X 47 42-52 7.9% Gen Y 68 24-41 11.4% iGen/Gen Z 17 Under 23 2.86% 595 !8 While all designations are generalizations, here are a few details that show how demographers describe/define these groups.
    [Show full text]
  • April 13, 2019.Indd
    Leyte-Samar DAILY EXPRESS POSITIVE l FAIR l FREE VOL. XXXI NO. 032 SATURDAY, APRIL 13, 2019 P15.00 IN TACLOBAN Said official seeks vice guv post in this year’s polls Ombudsman asks Biliran mayor to answer rap on docu tampering JOEY A. GABIETA TACLOBAN CITY- The Office of Ombudsman here in the region has asked a municipal mayor who is running for vice governor in Biliran province to answer a complaint filed against him for allegedly tamper- ing a performance rating document of an employee. Mayor Lorenzo Revel- Gloria Godes, a nurse as- that the official changed dez Jr. of Culaba town is signed at the municipal see Ombudsman / facing a complaint from health office, who claimed page 15 ... Stranded dolphin brutally speared in Northern Samar TACLOBAN CITY- A stranded spinner dolphin was brutally speared with a bamboo pole by river-goers Young and old Catholic faithful in Eastern Samar venerate the St John Paul II blood relic in Victoria, Northern Sa- and the National Youth Cross. (Photo by Alren Jerome Beronio) mar. In a video sent by a con- Current provincial hospital has a ‘Malasakit Center’ cerned citizen to the re- gional office of the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquat- Biliran soon to have a bigger, ic Resources (BFAR), it showed how the spinner spacious provincial hospital dolphin locally known as lumba-lumba tried to swim NAVAL, Biliran- A realized. from the current bed capac- BFAR8 consults with environmental official concerning le- away from the river but was gal advice on the filing of charges against the perpetrators modern and spacious pro- According to him, the ity of the current provincial mercilessly speared instead.
    [Show full text]
  • Shifting Pathways: Tracking a Cohort of Disconnected Millennials
    This Policy Information Report was written by: Catherine M. Millett and Marisol J. C. Kevelson Educational Testing Service, Princeton, NJ Policy Information Center Mail Stop 19-R Educational Testing Service Rosedale Road Princeton, NJ 08541-0001 (609) 734-5212 [email protected] Copiescanbedownloadedfrom:www.ets.org/research/pic The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the officers and trustees of Educational Testing Service. About ETS AtETS,weadvancequalityandequityineducationforpeopleworldwidebycreatingassessmentsbasedonrigorous research. ETS serves individuals, educational institutions and government agencies by providing customized solutions for teacher certification, English language learning, and elementary, secondary and postsecondary education, and by conducting education research, analysis and policy studies. Founded as a nonprofit in 1947, ETS develops, administers and scores more than 50 million tests annually—including the TOEFL® and TOEIC® tests, the GRE® tests and The Praxis Series® assessments—in more than 180 countries, at over 9,000 locations worldwide. Policy Information Report and ETS Research Report Series ISSN 2330-8516 RESEARCH REPORT Doesn’t Get Better With Age: Predicting Millennials’ Disconnection Catherine M. Millett & Marisol J. C. Kevelson Educational Testing Service, Princeton, NJ Recent research has highlighted the critical problem of high rates of “disconnected youth”—youth and young adults who are neither employed nor in school. Practitioners, scholars, policymakers, and a range of stakeholders express mounting concern that disconnected youth are a societal burden that costs countries trillions of dollars. This phenomenon could threaten social cohesion and social devel- opment, in addition to costing large amounts of money in the forms of foregone labor productivity and tax revenues and increased incarceration and social services uptake rates.
    [Show full text]
  • 16 FEBRUARY 2021, TUESDAY Headline STRATEGIC February 16, 2021 COMMUNICATION & Editorial Date INITIATIVES Column SERVICE Opinion Page Feature Article
    16 FEBRUARY 2021, TUESDAY Headline STRATEGIC February 16, 2021 COMMUNICATION & Editorial Date INITIATIVES Column SERVICE Opinion Page Feature Article Dredging of Marikina River starts this week Philippine Daily Inquirer / 04:33 AM February 16, 2021 The dredging of Marikina River will begin this week, the Task Force Build Back Better said following reports that illegally reclaimed portions of the river had decreased its capacity to carry excess water during typhoons and heavy rainfall. Environment Secretary Roy Cimatu said the pilot dredging would take place in the portion of the river near Marcos Highway in Barangay Kalumpang on Wednesday. “The widening of Marikina River to its original width is but the start of the series of activities the task force has identified to address the perennial problem of flooding within the Marikina River Basin,” he said. —Jhesset O. Enano Read more: https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1396167/dredging-of-marikina-river-starts-this- week#ixzz6maDG7x6I Follow us: @inquirerdotnet on Twitter | inquirerdotnet on Facebook Headline STRATEGIC February 16, 2021 COMMUNICATION & Editorial Date INITIATIVES Column SERVICE Opinion Page Feature Article NATION Task Force to begin dredging along Marikina River on Feb. 17 February 16, 2021 2:45 AM by DZRH News Online Photo from the Philippine Coast Guard Task Force Build Back Better will start dredging activities along Marikina River on Wednesday, February 17. Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) Sec. Roy Cimatu, chairperson of the task force, said that a number
    [Show full text]