Lecture 29: Bots, Botnets, Ddos Attacks, and Ddos Attack Mitigation
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2019-02-01-FOSDEM-Matrix-1.0.Pdf
Matrix in the French State and introducing… Matrix 1.0 [email protected] @matrixdotorg 1 Matrix is an open network for secure, decentralised real-time communication. Interoperable chat Interoperable VoIP Open comms for VR/AR Real-time IoT data fabric 2 Mission: to create a global decentralised encrypted comms network that provides an open platform for real-time communication. Discord Telegram Slack IRC Gitter XMPP 4 Discord Telegram Slack IRC Gitter XMPP 5 No single party owns your conversations. Conversations are shared over all participants. 6 Matrix Architecture Clients Home Servers Application Servers Identity Servers What do you get in the spec? • Decentralised conversation history • Group Messaging (and 1:1) • End-to-end Encryption • VoIP signalling for WebRTC • Server-side push notification rules • Server-side search • Read receipts, Typing Notifs, Presence • Synchronised read state and unread counts • Decentralised content repository • “Account data” for users per room 8 Matrix Ecosystem Matrix Matrix Other Clients: Web iOS Console Console “Riot X” gomuks Quaternion (CLI/go) (Qt/C++) matrix- client matrix- matrix- sdk- react- angular- MatrixKit (iOS) Seaglass - android- side sdk sdk matrix- Fractal (macOS) android- rx (Gtk+/Rust) sdk matrix- (Java) weechat- sdk- nheko-reborn matrix-js-sdk matrix-ios-sdk matrix android (Kotlin) …and many many more The Matrix Specification (Client/Server API) server Synapse Dendrite Matrix Application Other Servers: Other Services: st nd - (1 gen Matrix (2 gen Services and Ruma (Rust), side Bridges, Bots, Integs… Server) Server) Bridges jeon (Java)… A brief history of Matrix • 2014: First alpha! • 2015: Federation becomes usable; add Postgres; add IRC • 2015: First release of Vector as a flagship Matrix client; r0 CS API • 2016: Scaling; First cut of E2E Encryption; Vector becomes Riot • 2017: Widgets, Stickers, Jitsi, Communities, i18n, Dendrite, • 2018: Feature freeze. -
The Botnet Chronicles a Journey to Infamy
The Botnet Chronicles A Journey to Infamy Trend Micro, Incorporated Rik Ferguson Senior Security Advisor A Trend Micro White Paper I November 2010 The Botnet Chronicles A Journey to Infamy CONTENTS A Prelude to Evolution ....................................................................................................................4 The Botnet Saga Begins .................................................................................................................5 The Birth of Organized Crime .........................................................................................................7 The Security War Rages On ........................................................................................................... 8 Lost in the White Noise................................................................................................................. 10 Where Do We Go from Here? .......................................................................................................... 11 References ...................................................................................................................................... 12 2 WHITE PAPER I THE BOTNET CHRONICLES: A JOURNEY TO INFAMY The Botnet Chronicles A Journey to Infamy The botnet time line below shows a rundown of the botnets discussed in this white paper. Clicking each botnet’s name in blue will bring you to the page where it is described in more detail. To go back to the time line below from each page, click the ~ at the end of the section. 3 WHITE -
Abstract Introduction Methodology
Kajetan Hinner (2000): Statistics of major IRC networks: methods and summary of user count. M/C: A Journal of Media and Culture 3(4). <originally: http://www.api-network.com/mc/0008/count.html> now: http://www.media-culture.org.au/0008/count.html - Actual figures and updates: www.hinner.com/ircstat/ Abstract The article explains a successful approach to monitor the major worldwide Internet Relay Chat (IRC) networks. It introduces a new research tool capable of producing detailed and accurate statistics of IRC network’s user count. Several obsolete methods are discussed before the still ongoing Socip.perl program is explained. Finally some IRC statistics are described, like development of user figures, their maximum count, IRC channel figures, etc. Introduction Internet Relay Chat (IRC) is a text-based service, where people can meet online and chat. All chat is organized in channels which a specific topic, like #usa or #linux. A user can be taking part in several channels when connected to an IRC network. For a long time the only IRC network has been EFnet (Eris-Free Network, named after its server eris.berkeley.edu), founded in 1990. The other three major IRC networks are Undernet (1993), DALnet (1994) and IRCnet, which split off EFnet in June 1996. All persons connecting to an IRC network at one time create that IRC network’s user space. People are constantly signing on and off, the total number of users ever been to a specific IRC network could be called social space of that IRC network. It is obvious, that the IRC network’s social space by far outnumbers its user space. -
'Building' Architects and Use of Open-Source Tools Towards Achievement of Millennium Development Goals
'Building' Architects and Use of Open-source Tools Towards Achievement of Millennium Development Goals. Oku, Onyeibo Chidozie Department of Architecture Faculty of Environmental Sciences Enugu State University of Science and Technology Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were established by the United Nations to improve the well-being of humans and their habitat. Whether they are the target beneficiaries or amongst the parties administering services for achieving the MDGs, humans must carry out these activities in a physical environment. Hence, the Seventh Goal of the MDG has an indirect and far-reaching relationship with the others because it deals with the sustainable development of the built environment. Architects deliver consultancy services that span the design, documentation and construction supervision of the built environment. This study sought to determine the extent to which these professionals can do this, with respect to the Seventh Millennium Development Goal, using mainly open-source tools. The study draws from literature reviews, end-user feedback or reports, interviews with developers of applicable open-source products, and statistics from a survey, launched in 2011, for capturing how architects use ICT in their businesses. Analysis of popular open-source technologies for the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry show a concentration of resources in favour of the later stages of the Architect's role, rather than the design and contract-drawing stages. Some of the better-implemented tools are either too cryptic for professionals who communicate in graphical terms, or heavily biased towards software engineering practices. The products that promise Building Information Modelling (BIM) capabilities are still at an early developmental stage. -
There Are Two Dedicated Dspace IRC (Internet Relay Chat) Channels (I.E
IRC Code of Conduct All DSpace support channels, mailing lists and meetings follow the LYRASIS Code of Conduct. We ask you to remain respectful in all discussions. We also encourage you to report any violations of the code of conduct to LYRASIS (see the Code of Conduct for more details). DSpace chat has moved to Slack Our old IRC channels are essentially unmonitored these days. Instead, we recommend joining our DSpace.org Slack for any chat-based support. You are also welcome to email your question to the dspace-tech Mailing List as an alternative, or choose one of the other DSpace Sup port options. There are two dedicated DSpace IRC (internet relay chat) channels (i.e. "rooms") on the irc.freenode.net server: #dspace (irc://irc.freenode.net/dspace) - all DSpace discussions and live Q & A. This channel is unlogged. #duraspace (irc://irc.freenode.net/duraspace) - Old duraspace community channel (no longer used). As of July 2018, this channel is unlogged. Pri or years logs are still available/archived. If you do not have access to an IRC client, or are new to IRC, the following web interfaces are very easy way to get started: Login to #dspace IRC at: http://webchat.freenode.net?channels=dspace Enter in a nickname of your choice (e.g. firstName_lastName) & click "Connect" Login to #duraspace IRC at: http://webchat.freenode.net?channels=duraspace Enter in a nickname of your choice (e.g. firstName_lastName) & click "Connect" Or you can login to both IRC channels at the same time: http://webchat.freenode.net?channels=duraspace,dspace For a list of IRC client software, see: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_Internet_Relay_Chat_clients Many current Instant Messaging (IM) clients also support IRC. -
Internet Infrastructure Review Vol.34
Internet Infrastructure Review Mar.2017 Vol. 34 Infrastructure Security Ursnif (Gozi) Anti-Analysis Techniques and Methods for Bypassing Them Technology Trends The Current State of Library OSes Internet Infrastructure Review March 2017 Vol.34 Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................ 3 1. Infrastructure Security .................................................................................................................. 4 1.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 4 1.2 Incident Summary ........................................................................................................................... 4 1.3 Incident Survey ...............................................................................................................................11 1.3.1 DDoS Attacks ...................................................................................................................................11 1.3.2 Malware Activities ......................................................................................................................... 13 1.3.3 SQL Injection Attacks ..................................................................................................................... 17 1.3.4 Website Alterations ....................................................................................................................... -
Evolution of Iot Attacks
Evolution of IoT Attacks By 2025, there will be 41.6 billion connected IoT devices, generating 79 zettabytes (ZB) of data (IDC). Every Internet-connected “thing,” from power grids to smart doorbells, is at risk of attack. BLUETOOTH INDUSTRIAL MEDICAL Throughout the last few decades, cyberattacks against IoT devices have become more sophisticated, more common, and unfortunately, much BOTNET GENERIC IOT SMART HOME more effective. However, the technology sector has fought back, developing and implementing new security technologies to prevent and CAR INFRASTRUCTURE WATCH/WEARABLE protect against cyberattacks. This infographic shows how the industry has evolved with new technologies, protocols, and processes to raise the bar on cybersecurity. STUXNET WATER BMW MIRAI FITBIT SAUDI PETROL SILEX LINUX DARK NEXUS VIRUS UTILITY CONNECTED BOTNET VULNERABILITY CHEMICAL MALWARE BOTNET SYSTEM DRIVE SYSTEM PLANT ATTACK (SCADA) PUERTO UNIVERSITY UKRAINIAN HAJIME AMNESIA AMAZON PHILIPS HUE RICO OF MICHIGAN POWER VIGILANTE BOTNET RING HACK LIGHTBULB SMART TRAFFIC GRID BOTNET METERS LIGHTS MEDTRONIC GERMAN TESLA CCTV PERSIRAI FANCY SWEYNTOOTH INSULIN STEEL MODEL S BOTNET BOTNET BEAR VS. FAMILY PUMPS MILL HACK REMOTE SPORTS HACK HACKABLE HEART BASHLITE FIAT CHRYSLER NYADROP SELF- REAPER THINKPHP TWO MILLION KAIJI MONITORS BOTNET REMOTE CONTROL UPDATING MALWARE BOTNET EXPLOITATION TAKEOVER MALWARE First Era | THE AGE OF EXPLORATION | 2005 - 2009 Second Era | THE AGE OF EXPLOITATION | 2011 - 2019 Third Era | THE AGE OF PROTECTION | 2020 Security is not a priority for early IoT/embedded devices. Most The number of connected devices is exploding, and cloud connectivity Connected devices are ubiquitous in every area of life, from cyberattacks are limited to malware and viruses impacting Windows- is becoming commonplace. -
Detecting Botnets Using File System Indicators
Detecting botnets using file system indicators Master's thesis University of Twente Author: Committee members: Peter Wagenaar Prof. Dr. Pieter H. Hartel Dr. Damiano Bolzoni Frank Bernaards LLM (NHTCU) December 12, 2012 Abstract Botnets, large groups of networked zombie computers under centralised control, are recognised as one of the major threats on the internet. There is a lot of research towards ways of detecting botnets, in particular towards detecting Command and Control servers. Most of the research is focused on trying to detect the commands that these servers send to the bots over the network. For this research, we have looked at botnets from a botmaster's perspective. First, we characterise several botnet enhancing techniques using three aspects: resilience, stealth and churn. We see that these enhancements are usually employed in the network communications between the C&C and the bots. This leads us to our second contribution: we propose a new botnet detection method based on the way C&C's are present on the file system. We define a set of file system based indicators and use them to search for C&C's in images of hard disks. We investigate how the aspects resilience, stealth and churn apply to each of the indicators and discuss countermeasures botmasters could take to evade detection. We validate our method by applying it to a test dataset of 94 disk images, 16 of which contain C&C installations, and show that low false positive and false negative ratio's can be achieved. Approaching the botnet detection problem from this angle is novel, which provides a basis for further research. -
Coleman-Coding-Freedom.Pdf
Coding Freedom !" Coding Freedom THE ETHICS AND AESTHETICS OF HACKING !" E. GABRIELLA COLEMAN PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS PRINCETON AND OXFORD Copyright © 2013 by Princeton University Press Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial- NoDerivs CC BY- NC- ND Requests for permission to modify material from this work should be sent to Permissions, Princeton University Press Published by Princeton University Press, 41 William Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 In the United Kingdom: Princeton University Press, 6 Oxford Street, Woodstock, Oxfordshire OX20 1TW press.princeton.edu All Rights Reserved At the time of writing of this book, the references to Internet Web sites (URLs) were accurate. Neither the author nor Princeton University Press is responsible for URLs that may have expired or changed since the manuscript was prepared. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Coleman, E. Gabriella, 1973– Coding freedom : the ethics and aesthetics of hacking / E. Gabriella Coleman. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-691-14460-3 (hbk. : alk. paper)—ISBN 978-0-691-14461-0 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Computer hackers. 2. Computer programmers. 3. Computer programming—Moral and ethical aspects. 4. Computer programming—Social aspects. 5. Intellectual freedom. I. Title. HD8039.D37C65 2012 174’.90051--dc23 2012031422 British Library Cataloging- in- Publication Data is available This book has been composed in Sabon Printed on acid- free paper. ∞ Printed in the United States of America 1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2 This book is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE !" We must be free not because we claim freedom, but because we practice it. -
Symantec Intelligence Report: June 2011
Symantec Intelligence Symantec Intelligence Report: June 2011 Three-quarters of spam send from botnets in June, and three months on, Rustock botnet remains dormant as Cutwail becomes most active; Pharmaceutical spam in decline as new Wiki- pharmacy brand emerges Welcome to the June edition of the Symantec Intelligence report, which for the first time combines the best research and analysis from the Symantec.cloud MessageLabs Intelligence Report and the Symantec State of Spam & Phishing Report. The new integrated report, the Symantec Intelligence Report, provides the latest analysis of cyber security threats, trends and insights from the Symantec Intelligence team concerning malware, spam, and other potentially harmful business risks. The data used to compile the analysis for this combined report includes data from May and June 2011. Report highlights Spam – 72.9% in June (a decrease of 2.9 percentage points since May 2011): page 11 Phishing – One in 330.6 emails identified as phishing (a decrease of 0.05 percentage points since May 2011): page 14 Malware – One in 300.7 emails in June contained malware (a decrease of 0.12 percentage points since May 2011): page 15 Malicious Web sites – 5,415 Web sites blocked per day (an increase of 70.8% since May 2011): page 17 35.1% of all malicious domains blocked were new in June (a decrease of 1.7 percentage points since May 2011): page 17 20.3% of all Web-based malware blocked was new in June (a decrease of 4.3 percentage points since May 2011): page 17 Review of Spam-sending botnets in June 2011: page 3 Clicking to Watch Videos Leads to Pharmacy Spam: page 6 Wiki for Everything, Even for Spam: page 7 Phishers Return for Tax Returns: page 8 Fake Donations Continue to Haunt Japan: page 9 Spam Subject Line Analysis: page 12 Best Practices for Enterprises and Users: page 19 Introduction from the editor Since the shutdown of the Rustock botnet in March1, spam volumes have never quite recovered as the volume of spam in global circulation each day continues to fluctuate, as shown in figure 1, below. -
Getting Started with Ubuntu 12.04
Getting Started withUbuntu 12.04 Second Edition The Ubuntu Manual Team Copyright © – by e Ubuntu Manual Team. Some rights reserved. cba is work is licensed under the Creative Commons Aribution–Share Alike . License. To view a copy of this license, see Appendix A, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/./, or send a leer to Creative Commons, Second Street, Suite , San Francisco, California, , USA. Geing Started with Ubuntu . can be downloaded for free from http:// ubuntu-manual.org/ or purchased from http://ubuntu-manual.org/buy/ gswue/en_US. A printed copy of this book can be ordered for the price of printing and delivery. We permit and even encourage you to dis- tribute a copy of this book to colleagues, friends, family, and anyone else who might be interested. http://ubuntu-manual.org Second Edition Revision number: Revision date: -- :: + Contents Prologue Welcome Ubuntu Philosophy A brief history of Ubuntu Is Ubuntu right for you? Contact details About the team Conventions used in this book Installation Geing Ubuntu Trying out Ubuntu Installing Ubuntu—Geing started Finishing Installation Ubuntu installer for Windows e Ubuntu Desktop Understanding the Ubuntu desktop Unity Using Launcher e Dash Workspaces Managing windows Browsing files on your computer Nautilus file manager Searching for files and folders on your computer Customizing your desktop Accessibility Session options Geing help Working with Ubuntu All the applications you need Geing online Browsing the web Reading and composing email Using instant messaging Microblogging Viewing and editing photos Watching videos and movies Listening to audio and music Burning CDs and DVDs Working with documents, spreadsheets, and presentations Ubuntu One Hardware Using your devices Hardware identification . -
Community Tools Why? “It’S Really the Drupal Community and Not So Much the So!Tware That Makes the Drupal Project What It Is
Drupal Community Tools Why? “It’s really the Drupal community and not so much the so!tware that makes the Drupal project what it is. So fostering the Drupal community is actually more important than just managing the code base.” - Dries Buytaert Our tools ‣ Communication tools • Community websites • Issue queues • IRC ‣ Local development environment • AMP stack • Git Community Websites drupal.org groups.drupal.org groups.drupal.org groups.drupal.org groups.drupal.org groups.drupal.org api.drupal.org association.drupal.org drupalladder.org Drupal.org account Also gets you in to: ‣ groups.drupal.org ‣ api.drupal.org ‣ association.drupal.org ‣ DrupalCon sites Do it now. Do it now. Do it now. The Issue Queue The community todo list Dreditor ‣ Makes the issue queue easier to work with ‣ Is a browser user script (not a module) ‣ http://drupal.org/project/dreditor IRC (Internet Relay Chat) What you need to use IRC ‣ IRC client ‣ IRC Network to connect to ‣ Channels to join ‣ Nickname IRC Clients ‣ Web-based clients • webchat.freenode.net ‣ Application clients • Pidgin (Adium on Mac) - pidgin.im • ChatZilla (Firefox extension) Networks ‣ Over 650 networks ‣ Most Open Source projects use the Freenode network • irc.freenode.net Channels ‣ Freenode has over 10,000 public channels ‣ The Drupal community has over 100 channels • drupal.org/irc ‣ Drupal channel names all start with # Nicknames ‣ Someone might already have the name you want ‣ Register your nick Let’s do it ‣ Pidgin (http://pidgin.im) • Mac OS X: Adium • Windows: Pidgin • Ubuntu: Pidgin shipped with it • Linux: see if there is a package Local Dev Environment Not just for programmers What? ‣ A Development Environment is a collection of procedures and tools for developing, testing and debugging an application or program.