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JUICE Red Book
ESA/SRE(2014)1 September 2014 JUICE JUpiter ICy moons Explorer Exploring the emergence of habitable worlds around gas giants Definition Study Report European Space Agency 1 This page left intentionally blank 2 Mission Description Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer Key science goals The emergence of habitable worlds around gas giants Characterise Ganymede, Europa and Callisto as planetary objects and potential habitats Explore the Jupiter system as an archetype for gas giants Payload Ten instruments Laser Altimeter Radio Science Experiment Ice Penetrating Radar Visible-Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging Spectrometer Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph Imaging System Magnetometer Particle Package Submillimetre Wave Instrument Radio and Plasma Wave Instrument Overall mission profile 06/2022 - Launch by Ariane-5 ECA + EVEE Cruise 01/2030 - Jupiter orbit insertion Jupiter tour Transfer to Callisto (11 months) Europa phase: 2 Europa and 3 Callisto flybys (1 month) Jupiter High Latitude Phase: 9 Callisto flybys (9 months) Transfer to Ganymede (11 months) 09/2032 – Ganymede orbit insertion Ganymede tour Elliptical and high altitude circular phases (5 months) Low altitude (500 km) circular orbit (4 months) 06/2033 – End of nominal mission Spacecraft 3-axis stabilised Power: solar panels: ~900 W HGA: ~3 m, body fixed X and Ka bands Downlink ≥ 1.4 Gbit/day High Δv capability (2700 m/s) Radiation tolerance: 50 krad at equipment level Dry mass: ~1800 kg Ground TM stations ESTRAC network Key mission drivers Radiation tolerance and technology Power budget and solar arrays challenges Mass budget Responsibilities ESA: manufacturing, launch, operations of the spacecraft and data archiving PI Teams: science payload provision, operations, and data analysis 3 Foreword The JUICE (JUpiter ICy moon Explorer) mission, selected by ESA in May 2012 to be the first large mission within the Cosmic Vision Program 2015–2025, will provide the most comprehensive exploration to date of the Jovian system in all its complexity, with particular emphasis on Ganymede as a planetary body and potential habitat. -
MOONS of the SOLAR SYSTEM Europa Narrator: Ever Since Man First Looked Into the Heavens, the Most Intriguing Question Has Alway
MOONS OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM Europa Narrator: Ever since man first looked into the heavens, the most intriguing question has always been, "Are we alone?". An icy world, circling Jupiter, could answer that age old question. Professor Michele Dougherty: Moons in our Solar system are very important so that we can understand how they formed and what their interiors are made of, then we'll better understand how our planets formed, and so we'll better understand where we came from. Dr Lewis Dartnell: We now think that beneath the frozen shell of Europa there lies an ocean with more liquid water in it than al the seas and lakes and rivers and oceans for the whole of the Earth put together. And on Earth, where there's water there's life. Narrator: Europa first attracted attention back in the 1970s, when the Voyager spacecraft flew past Jupiter and took the first close up images of its moons. Dr David Rothery: The Voyager fly bys showed that Europa had a young surface and we already knew it was icy and we already knew that the ice couldn't be more than about a 100 kilometres thick. The question was, is it ice all the way the to the rock or is the ice sitting on top of some water? And because it looks like though the surface has moved around a little bit, a lot of people including Arthur C Clarke, the famous science fiction author, were suggesting there is water down there below the ice. Mission Audio: The spacecraft is stable. -
Leonid Gurvits JIVE and TU Delft June 3, 2021 ©Cristian Fattinanzi Piter Y Moons Xplorer
Leonid Gurvits JIVE and TU Delft June 3, 2021 ©Cristian Fattinanzi piter y moons xplorer Why a mission to Jupiter? Bits of history Mission challenges Where radio astronomy comes in • ~2000–2005: success of Cassini and Huygens missions (NASA, ESA, ASI) • 2006: Europlanet meeting in Berlin – “thinking aloud” on a Jovian mission • 2008: ESA-NASA jointly exploring a mission to giant planets’ satellites • ESA "Laplace" mission proposal (Blanc et al. 2009) • ESA Titan and Enceladus Mission (TandEM, Coustenis et al., 2009) • NASA Titan Explorer • 2009: two joint (ESA+NASA) concepts selected for further studies: • Europa Jupiter System Mission (EJSM) • Titan Saturn System Mission (TSSM: Coustenis et al., 2009) • 2010: EJSM-Laplace selected, consisting of two spacecraft: • ESA’s Jupiter Ganymede Orbiter (JGO) • NASA’s Jupiter Europa Orbiter (JEO) • 2012: NASA drops off; EJSM-Laplace/JGO becomes JUICE • 2013: JUICE payload selection completed by ESA; JUICE becomes an L-class mission of ESA’s Vision 2015-2025 • 2015: NASA selects Europa Clipper mission (Pappalardo et al., 2013) Voyager 1, 1979 ©NASA HOW DOES IT SEARCH FOR ORIGINS & WORK? LIFE FORMATION HABITABILITY Introduction Overarching questions JUICE JUICE Science Themes • Emergence of habitable worlds around gas giants • Jupiter system as an archetype for gas giants JUICE concept • European-led mission to the Jovian system • First orbiter of an icy moon • JGO/Laplace scenario with two Europa flybys and moderate-inclination phase at Jupiter • Science payload selected in Feb 2013, fully compatible -
The Observatory Founded in 1877 by Sir William Christie, Astronomer Royal
The Observatory Founded in 1877 by Sir William Christie, Astronomer Royal EditEd by D. J. SticklanD R. W. ARgyle S. J. Fossey eDitors 1877–2013 W. H. m. Christie 1877–1882 P. J. d. Gething 1954–1956 E. W. maunder 1881–1887 d. W. dewhirst 1956–1957 A. m. W. downing 1885–1887 A. Hewish 1957–1961 t. lewis 1885–1887 W. R. Hindmarsh 1957–1961 and 1893–1912 b. E. J. Pagel 1961–1962 A. A. Common 1888–1892 J. E. baldwin 1961–1962 H. H. turner 1888–1897 d. mcNally 1961–1963 H. P. Hollis 1893–1912 C. A. murray 1961–1966 S. Chapman 1913–1914 P. A. Wayman 1962–1964 A. S. Eddington 1913–1919 R. V. Willstrop 1963–1966 F. J. m. Stratton 1913–1925 R. F. Griffin 1963–1985 H. Spencer Jones 1915–1923 J. b. Alexander 1964–1965 J. Jackson 1920–1927 S. V. m. Clube 1965–1966 W. m. H. Greaves 1924–1932 K. b. Gebbie 1966–1968 J. A. Carroll 1926–1931 W. Nicholson 1966–1973 G. merton 1928 d. lynden-bell 1967–1969 W. H. Steavenson 1929–1933 C. Jordan 1968–1973 H. W. Newton 1929–1936 R. G. bingham 1969–1972 R. o. Redman 1932–1935 m. V. Penston 1972–1975 R. v. d. R. Woolley 1933–1939 S. J. burnell 1973–1976 W. H. mcCrea 1935–1937 d. H. P. Jones 1973–1977 H. F. Finch 1936–1947 P. J. Andrews 1975–1983 A. d. thackeray 1938–1942 G. G. Pooley 1976–1984 G. C. mcVittie 1938–1948 R. -
Minutes of December 2007
ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY Burlington House, Piccadilly London W1J 0BQ, UK T: 020 7734 4582/ 3307 F: 020 7494 0166 [email protected] www.ras.org.uk Registered Charity 226545 MINUTES OF COUNCIL MEETING 13 DECEMBER 2007 HELD IN THE RAS COUNCIL ROOM PRESENT: The President welcomed Council to its newly refurbished premises. Professor M. Rowan-Robinson (President), Professor R.L. Davies, (Vice-President), Professor P.G. Murdin (Treasurer), Dr M.A. Hapgood, and Dr I.A. Crawford (secretaries), Dr A.J. Ball, Professor M.A. Barstow, Professor A.M. Cruise, Professor M.G. Edmunds, Dr L. Fletcher, Professor B.K. Gibson, Dr J. Greaves, Professor J.H. Hough, Dr J. Mitton, Dr V. Nakariakov, Professor E.I. Robson, and Dr J.A. Wild. APOLOGIES: Professor M Bailey, Professor R. Harrison, Professor I.D. Howarth, Dr V. Nakariakov, Dr H.J. Walker (to whom Council sent good wishes for a speedy recovery) and Dr J. Wild 2. MINUTES The minutes of the meeting of 13 October 2007 were approved and signed 3. MATTERS ARISING 3.1 Professor Robson reported that the UK co-ordinator for IYA 2009 had been appointed, that UN General Assembly approval of the International Year was expected ( postscript – the appropriate proclamation was passed on December 20) and that the web site would be up-dated. He also noted that there was growing interest in Thomas Harriot. 3.2 Presidential Portrait ( President) – postponed 3.3 The Treasurer reported that to date he had received 6 expressions of interest in the telescope bequeathed by the late Eric Northrop 3.4 International Committee – postponed 4. -
Detection of Chemical Species in Titan's Atmosphere Using High
UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS DEPARTAMENTO FÍSICA Detection of Chemical Species in Titan’s Atmosphere using High-Resolution Spectroscopy José Luís Fernandes Ribeiro Mestrado em Física Especialização em Astrofísica e Cosmologia Dissertação orientada por: Doutor Pedro Machado 2019 Acknowledgments This master’s thesis would not be possible without the support of my parents, Maria de F´atimaPereira Fernandes Ribeiro and Lu´ısCarlos Pereira Ribeiro, who I would like to thank for believing in me, encouraging me and allowing me to embark on this journey of knowledge and discovery. They made the person that I am today. I would like to thank all my friends and colleagues who accompanied me all these years for the great moments and new experiences that happened trough these years of university. They contributed a lot to my life and for that I am truly grateful. I just hope that I contributed to theirs as well. I also would like to thank John Pritchard from ESO Operations Support for helping me getting the EsoReflex UVES pipeline working on my computer, without him we would probably wouldn’t have the Titan spectra reduced by now. And I also like to thank Doctor Santiago P´erez-Hoyos for his availability to teach our planetary sciences group how to use the NEMESIS Radiative Transfer model and Doctor Th´er`ese Encrenaz for providing the ISO Saturn and Jupiter data. I would like to give a special thank you to Jo˜aoDias and Constan¸caFreire, for their support and help during this work. Lastly, and surely not the least, I would like to thank my supervisor Pedro Machado for showing me how to be a scientist and how to do scientific work. -
Issue 228 • 20 January 2011 Reportersharing Stories of Imperial’S Community Blue Skies, Green Aviation Machine
Issue 228 • 20 January 2011 reporterSharing stories of Imperial’s community blue skies, green aviation machine The tail-less, low noise, low drag, fuel-efficient planes of the future, being designed at Imperial > Centre pages New Year miNi profile QuaNtum HoNours Salman Rawaf computers Imperial staff on tackling What they can recognised global health do and how for service to problems they are set to change our lives science PAGE 8 PAGE 3 PAGE 8 2 >> newsupdate www.imperial.ac.uk/reporter | reporter | 20 January 2011 • Issue 228 $1.5 million in gates funding for neglected diseases eDItor’s C orner A group at Imperial dedicated to consuming the eggs of the tapeworm, by eliminating neglected tropical diseases contamination of food or water with fae- (NTDs) has received $1.5 million from ces from infected humans. These eggs our turn the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to grow into cysts in the tissues, including improve control of a disease passed to the brain, where they can cause severe humans by pigs. neurological problems such as epilepsy. surveys, stats and The Schistosomiasis Control For the last eight years, the SCI has Bill Gates, pictured on the South Kensington Campus during his visit feedback are part and Initiative (SCI) based in the School of been involved in delivering drugs to treat to Imperial in May 2009. parcel of modern life – Public Health will research how efforts NTDs across sub-Saharan Africa but until from telephone operators to combat the tapeworm infection cyst- recently zoonotic diseases – those trans- to people you’ve bought a icercosis can be integrated into existing mitted from animals to humans – have resources available in the pair of shoes from on eBay, prevention programmes. -
RAS Annual Report & Financial Statements 2018
FINANCIAL REPORT Royal Astronomical Society Annual Report & Financial Statements 2018 ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 1 FINANCIAL REPORT Royal Astronomical Society Patron Senior Staff Her Majesty the Queen Executive Director: Philip Diamond Deputy Executive Director: Robert Massey Trustees The Council members who served during 2018 were: Registered and Principal Office Prof. John Zarnecki (President, G, until May 2018, Open University) Burlington House Piccadilly Prof. Mike Cruise (President, A, from May 2018, University of Birmingham) London Dr Megan Argo (Councillor, A, University of Central Lancaster) W1J 0BQ Dr Mandy Bailey (Secretary, A, Open University) Charity registration number Charles Barclay (Vice-President, A) 226545 Dr Nigel Berman (Treasurer, A) Prof. Mike Bode (Councillor, A, until May 2018, Liverpool John Moores University) Auditor Buzzacott LLP Prof. William Chaplin (Councillor, A, from May 2018, University of Birmingham) 130 Wood Street Prof. Ian Crawford (Vice-President, G, Birkbeck College) London Dr Paul Daniels (Councillor, A) EC2V 6DL Prof. Yvonne Elsworth (Vice-President, G, until May 2018, University of Birmingham) Bankers Prof. Lyndsay Fletcher (Senior Secretary, G, University of Glasgow) HSBC Bank plc Dr Claire Foullon (Councillor, A, from May 2018, University of Exeter) West End Corporate Banking Centre Prof. Brad Gibson (Councillor, A, until May 2018, University of Hull) 70 Pall Mall London Dr Stacey Habergham-Mawson (Vice-President, A, from May 2018, Liverpool John SW1Y 5EZ Moores University) Prof. Lorraine Hanlon (Councillor, A, from May 2018, University College Dublin) National Westminster Bank St James’ & Piccadilly Branch Dr Caitriona Jackman (Councillor, G, until May 2018, University of Southampton) PO Box 2 DG Kevin Kilburn (Councillor, A, from May 2018) 208 Piccadilly Prof. -
Brief CV – Michele Dougherty
Brief CV – Michele Dougherty • Born and brought up in South Africa • Did not do science at school • BSc (Hons) and PhD, University of Natal, Durban, SA • 2-year fellowship at Max Planck Institute in Heidelberg, Germany • Joined Imperial as post-doc on 2 year contract in 1991 • Cassini Magnetometer Principal Investigator (PI) – Discovered water vapour plume at Enceladus (heat source, liquid water, organic material) – End of mission September 2017 • JUICE Magnetometer PI, launch June 2022, arrival at Jupiter in November 2029 • Became Head of Physics Department in January 2018 1 Cassini/Huygens at Saturn 2 3 Enceladus In inner magnetosphere Source of Saturn’s E ring? Relatively young surface Three Cassini flybys (1265km, 500km, 173km) Cracks on surface 4 5 6 • Fractures/ Tiger Stripes near south pole • Warm Spot near south pole • Internal heat leaking out? • Warmest temperature over one of fractures • ISS & CIRS data (Porco et al., Spencer et al, 2006) 7 INMS 8 Introduction Overarching questions JUICE JUICE Science Themes • Emergence of habitable worlds around gas giants • Jupiter system as an archetype for gas giants JUICE concept • European-led mission to the Jovian system • Two Europa flybys and high-inclination phase at Jupiter • 10 Callisto flybys, orbits Ganymede • First orbiter of an icy moon From the Jupiter system to extrasolar planetary systems JUICE Waterworlds and giant planets Habitable worlds Astrophysics Connection Surface habitats Deep habitats SNOW LINE Deep habitats Cosmic Vision: The quest for evidence of life in the Solar -
The Royal Astronomical Society
ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY Burlington House, Piccadilly London W1J 0BQ, UK T: 020 7734 4582/ 3307 F: 020 7494 0166 [email protected] www.ras.org.uk Registered Charity 226545 C(2017/02) 2.1 Minutes of the Council Meeting of 9th December 2016 Professor John Zarnecki, Professor Ian Crawford, Dr Nigel Berman, Professor Yvonne Elsworth, Professor Don Kurtz, Professor Hiranya Peiris, Professor Christine Peirce, Dr Mandy Bailey, Dr Lyndsay Fletcher, Professor Martin Bureau, Miss Jane MacArthur, Dr Stacey Habergham, Professor Mike Bode, Dr Paul Daniels, Professor Giovanna Tinetti, Professor Michael Watson, Dr Catriona Jackman, Dr Sheila Peacock, Professor Sara Russell. 1. INTRODUCTION/APOLOGIES The Executive Director advised that Professor Brad Gibson will not be attending as he and his family had been involved in a road traffic accident. Council passed on their best wishes. 2. MINUTES AND MATTERS ARISING The Minutes of the meeting of 14th October 2016 were approved with one change: under Treasurers business the net cost incurred to the Society for NAM 2016 was £22 407. The following points were raised under matters arising: Professor Mike Bode advised that the joint EWASS & NAM meeting will be held on the 3rd to 6th April 2018 in Liverpool. The Executive Secretary had asked Sarah Matthews to confirm if UCL were able to support NAM 2019. The impact of leaving the EU will be discussed at forthcoming Astronomy and Geophysics fora. Council will be asked to consider a paper on additional resources for IT and information management in February 2016. The librarian had arranged tours of the Annexe and a display of Society treasures for new members of Council. -
Annual Report 2006
ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY TRUSTEES’ REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2006 1. REFERENCE AND ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION Patron Her Majesty the Queen Council Members The Council is elected in accordance with the terms and conditions laid down in the Society’s Royal Charter and its associated byelaws. Members of Council are the Society’s charity trustees. The Officers of the Royal Astronomical Society, who are elected members of Council, comprise the President, the Treasurer and three Secretaries. The Council members who served during 2006 were: Professor K Whaler (President until May 2006) Professor M. Rowan-Robinson (President from May 2006) Professor P Murdin (Treasurer) (re-elected from May 2006) Dr M.A. Hapgood (Secretary) Professor I.D. Howarth (Secretary) Dr H.J. Walker (Secretary) (re-elected from May 2006) Professor M.M Grady (Vice-President until May 2006) Dr R.C. Smith (Vice-President until May 2006) Professor D W Hughes (Vice-President) Professor E. Priest (Vice-President) Professor R.L. Davies (Vice-President from May 2006) Professor D. Gubbins (Vice President from May 2006) Professor M E Bailey (Councillor) Dr A.J. Ball (Councillor from May 2006) Professor M.A. Barstow (Councillor) Professor A.M. Cruise (Councillor from May 2006) Dr L. Fletcher (Councillor from May 2006) Dr S.F. Green (Councillor until May 2006) Professor T.W. Hartquist (Councillor May 2006 –December 2006) Professor J.H. Hough (Councillor from May 2006) Dr J. Mitton (Councillor) Dr A.M.S. Richards (Councillor until May 2006) Mr I.W. Ridpath (Councillor) Professor E.I. Robson (Councillor) Professor M.J. Rycroft (Councillor) Mr J.D. -
Royal Astronomical Society Annual Report and Accounts 31 December
Royal Astronomical Society Annual Report and Accounts 31 December 2016 Charity Registration Number 226545 Contents Reports Reference and administrative details of the charity, its trustees and advisers 1 Trustees’ report 4 Including: Executive Summary 4 Objectives 11 Significant achievements 12 Public engagement ♦ Celebrating Women ♦ RAS 200: Sky and Earth ♦ Transit of Mercury ♦ Other Education and Outreach projects Public policy ♦ Post Referendum on Europe Governance ♦ Code of Conduct and review of other documentation ♦ Occupancy of Burlington House ♦ Elections to Council 2016/2017 Ongoing significant achievements Other achievements 25 Risks 30 Structure, Governance and Management 32 Events since year end and plans for the future 34 Activities 37 Financial Review 46 Independent auditor’s report 51 Statement of financial activities 53 Balance sheet 54 Statement of cash flows 55 Principal accounting policies 56 Notes to the accounts 63 Royal Astronomical Society Reference and administrative details of the charity, its trustees and advisers Patron Her Majesty the Queen Trustees The Council members who served during 2016 were: Professor Martin Barstow (President until May 2016, A, University of Leicester) Professor John Zarnecki (President elect from May 2015 and President from May 2016, G, Open University) Professor Mike Edmunds (Vice-President until May 2016, A, University of Cardiff) Professor Yvonne Elsworth (Vice President, G, University of Birmingham) Professor Don Kurtz (Vice President, A, University of Central Lancashire) Professor