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Apache Tomcat 7 Essentials Learn Apache Tomcat 7 step-by-step through a practical approach, achieving a wide vision of enterprise middleware along with building your own middleware servers, and administrating 24x7x365 Tanuj Khare BIRMINGHAM - MUMBAI Apache Tomcat 7 Essentials Copyright © 2012 Packt Publishing All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews. Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the author, nor Packt Publishing, and its dealers and distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this book. Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all of the companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information. First published: March 2012 Production Reference: 1160312 Published by Packt Publishing Ltd. Livery Place 35 Livery Street Birmingham B3 2PB, UK.. ISBN 978-1-84951-662-4 www.packtpub.com Cover Image by Vinayak Chittar ([email protected]) Credits Author Project Coordinator Tanuj Khare Vishal Bodwani Reviewers Proofreader Zeeshan Chawdhary Linda Morris Ty Lim Vidyasagar N V Indexer Rekha Nair Acquisition Editor Usha Iyer Graphics Valentina D'Silva Lead Technical Editor Manu Joseph Susmita Panda Production Coordinator Technical Editor Alwin Roy Unnati Shah Cover Work Copy Editor Alwin Roy Laxmi Subramanian About the Author Tanuj Khare has been a professional in IT for over six years. He is involved in process improvements using the ITIL framework and techniques such as Lean Six Sigma. He is MCSA and ITIL certified, and has expertise in handling critical production server issues. He also has a track record of dealing with many complex problems. His quick resolution to issues faced in the production environment has helped his team and clients in a big way. Tanuj has Subject Matter Expertise (SME) in Tomcat, WebLogic, and JBoss server administration. His experience includes working with large-enterprise web hosting environments for J2EE containers with small teams, and his quick turnaround time gave on-time delivery. Apart from this, his technical expertise in Root Cause Analysis, Problem Management, Migration of enterprise applications, and upgrade of web application servers are commendable. Up to now, he has migrated more than 100 enterprise applications and upgraded J2EE web applications. He has also managed environments with over 1000 middleware instances. Apart from work life, Tanuj enjoys playing Table Tennis and exploring new technologies. He is a good dancer. This is his first book. Acknowledgement I would like to express my gratitude to all the people who have helped me to make this book better. I thank Ranveer Chandel, who has helped me to provide high technical standards for this book. I would like to thank Archana Kannoujia, who has patiently helped me to improve my writing style. I would like to thank Mitesh Parikh and Giri Moturi for their support. I would like to thank Usha Iyer, Vishal Bodwani, Susmita Panda, and everyone else at Packt Publishing for all their hard work to get this book published. A special thanks to Unnati Shah for her hard work and dedication to get this book published. I would like to thank Ty Lim,Vidyasagar N V, and Zeeshan Chawdhury for providing their valuable guidance and support that helped me achieve the high technical standards. And finally, I'd like to thank all my colleagues and friends, with whom I've worked throughout my career, for contributing to my professional development. About the Reviewers Zeeshan Chawdhary is the CTO of Wcities Inc., a location-based travel content provider, running technical operations from their Technical Headquarters in Mumbai. He is a do-it-all and code-in-any-language guy, having worked with various technologies from 3D gaming to consumer websites, from iPhone apps to serving over 30 million hits over the Cloud. He is currently writing two real-world-use books with Packt Publishing which are, iPhone Location Aware Applications by Example - Beginners Guide and Windows Phone 7.5 - Building Location Aware Applications. He can be reached at imzeeshan on Twitter. He currently blogs at http://justgeeks.in. I would like to thank the great people at Packt for letting me review this book. Special thanks to Vishal Bodwani, Susmita Panda, Leena Purkait, Amey Kanse, Alina Lewis, and a special mention for Mary Nadar, for having introduced me to the Packt family. Ty Lim has been in the IT industry for over 15 years. He has worked for several startup companies in the mid 1990s and found himself working at several major corporations after his stint in Silicon Valley. He has worked in the following industries: Software Development, Consulting, Healthcare, Telecommunications, and Finance. He has experience in utilizing JBoss, Tomcat, and WebSphere middleware technologies. He holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Computer Science from the University of the Pacific, and is currently pursuing a Master of Science degree in CIS from Boston University. He has also worked on IBM WebSphere Application Server v7.0 Security, Packt Publishing. I would like to thank all my friends and family for their continued support. I am truly blessed to have such great support. It is because of all of you that I consider myself a very happy man. Vidyasagar N V was interested in Computer Science since his early age. Some of his serious work in computers and computer networks began during his high school days. Later, he went to the prestigious institute of technology, Banaras Hindu University for his B.Tech. He has been working as a Software Developer, Data Expert, developing and building scalable systems since then. He has worked with a variety of 2nd, 3rd, and 4th generation languages. He has also worked with Flat files, Indexed files, Hierarchical databases, Network databases, Relational databases, NoSQL databases, Hadoop, and related technologies. Currently, he is working as a Senior Developer at Ziva Software Pvt. Ltd, developing a big data-based structured data extraction technique from the Web and local information. He enjoys producing high-quality software, web-based solutions, and designing secure and scalable data systems. He has also worked on PHP and MongoDB Web Development Beginner's Guide, Packt Publishing. He can be reached at [email protected]. I thank the almighty for giving me such a blessed life and thank my parents, Mr. N. Srinivasa Rao and Mrs. Latha Rao, and my family who supported and backed me throughout my life. I thank my friends and all those people who donated their time, effort, and expertise by participating in open source software projects. Also, thanks to Packt Publishing for selecting me as one of the technical reviewers for this wonderful book. It is my honor to be a part of this book. www.PacktPub.com Support files, eBooks, discount offers and more You might want to visit www.PacktPub.com for support files and downloads related to your book. Did you know that Packt offers eBook versions of every book published, with PDF and ePub files available? You can upgrade to the eBook version at www.PacktPub. com and as a print book customer, you are entitled to a discount on the eBook copy. Get in touch with us at [email protected] for more details. At www.PacktPub.com, you can also read a collection of free technical articles, sign up for a range of free newsletters and receive exclusive discounts and offers on Packt books and eBooks. http://PacktLib.PacktPub.com Do you need instant solutions to your IT questions? PacktLib is Packt's online digital book library. Here, you can access, read and search across Packt's entire library of books. Why Subscribe? • Fully searchable across every book published by Packt • Copy and paste, print and bookmark content • On demand and accessible via web browser Free Access for Packt account holders If you have an account with Packt at www.PacktPub.com, you can use this to access PacktLib today and view nine entirely free books. Simply use your login credentials for immediate access. I would like to dedicate this book to my mom, Mrs. Shashi Khare and dad, Mr. Rajkumar Khare, for standing beside me during the writing of this book. Without their support and encouragement, completing this book would have been a much more difficult task. Table of Contents Preface 1 Chapter 1: Installation of Tomcat 7 7 History of Tomcat 8 Tomcat support matrix 8 Features and enhancements of Apache Tomcat 7 10 Web application memory leak detection and prevention 10 Servlet 3.0 10 Improved logging 11 Aliases 11 Installation of Tomcat 7 12 How to download the Tomcat software 12 Binary package 13 RPM/exe 14 Source 14 Prerequisites for the Tomcat 7 installation 14 Installation of Java 15 Configuration of OS environment variables 21 Installation of Apache Tomcat 7 27 Installation on a Windows environment 27 Installation on a Linux environment 31 Startup and shutdown of Tomcat services 32 Services in Windows 32 Services in Linux 33 Startup script 35 Shutdown script 35 Verification of Tomcat status 36 Common problems and troubleshooting in installation
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