(Valais, Alps), and Its Regional Significance
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Quantifying Stresses and Strains from the Jura Arc, and Their Usefulness in Choosing a Deformation Model for the Region
D. Hindle, PhD thesis i Quantifying stresses and strains from the Jura Arc, and their usefulness in choosing a deformation model for the region David Andrew HINDLE These de Doctorat es Sciences presentees a la Faculte des Sciences (Institut de Geologie) de l'Universite de Neuchatel Membres du Jury de these: Prof. M. BURKHARD (Universite de Neuchatel), Directeur Dr.. A. BECKER (University of Zurich) Prof. O.BESSON (Universite de Neuchatel) Prof. J.-P. GRATIER (Universite de Grenoble) Dr. J. NEWMAN (University of Utrecht) Neuchatel, Novembre 1997 ii Quantifying stresses and strains from the Jura arc Quantifying stresses and strains from the Jura Arc, and their usefulness in choosing a deformation model for the region David Hindle1 1Institut de g´eologie, Universit´edeNeuchˆatel, Neuchˆatel, Suisse ii Quantifying stresses and strains from the Jura arc Pre-amble This document is a newly created (July 2006), version of my PhD thesis, submitted in December 1997. The decision to resurrect such an old document was brought about by two things. Firstly, the realisation that my confidence in the permanence of digitally stored data such as word processing documents and graphics files was misplaced. With time, and changing technology, files become redundant and no longer accessible. Consequently, if I had not acted soon, it seemed there would only be a few paper records of this thesis remaining. Secondly, I had noticed a few citations of this work in the published literature, prompting me to wonder how on earth anyone knew of its existence, let alone its content. An integrated, pdf version of the entire original document will now, hopefully, be available electronically at the library of the Facult´e des Sciences, Universit´edeNeuchˆatel, in permanence. -
In Memoriam 115
IN MEMORIAM 115 • IN MEMORIAM CLAUDE WILSON 1860-1937 THE death of Claude Wilson within a few weeks of attaining his seventy-seventh birthday came as a terrible shock to his many friends. Few of us even knew that he was ill, but in the manner of his passing none can regret that there was no lingering illness. We can but quote his own words in Lord Conway's obituary: 'the best we can wish for those that we love is that they may be spared prolonged and hopeless ill health.' His brain remained clear up to the last twenty-four hours and he suffered no pain. The end occurred on October 31. With Claude Wilson's death an epoch of mountaineering comes to an end. He was of those who made guideless and Alpine history from Montenvers in the early 'nineties, of whom but Collie, Kesteven, Bradby, ~olly and Charles Pasteur still survive. That school, in which Mummery and Morse were perhaps the most prominent examples, was not composed of specialists. Its members had learnt their craft under the best Valais and Oberland guides; they were equally-proficient on rocks or on snow. It mattered little who was acting as leader in the ascent or last man in the descent. They were prepared to turn back if conditions or weather proved unfavourable. They took chances as all mountaineers are forced to do at times but no fatal accidents, no unfortunate incidents, marred that great page of Alpine history, a page not confined to Mont Blanc alone but distributed throughout the Western Alps. -
International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering
INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING This paper was downloaded from the Online Library of the International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (ISSMGE). The library is available here: https://www.issmge.org/publications/online-library This is an open-access database that archives thousands of papers published under the Auspices of the ISSMGE and maintained by the Innovation and Development Committee of ISSMGE. UNDER THE HIGH PATRONAGE OF SOUS LE HAUT PATRONAGE DU Swiss F ederal C ouncil Conseil F édéral de la C onfédération Suisse Cantonal G overnment of Z ur ich C onseil d ’Etat du Canton de Z ur ich Cantonal G overnment of Va ud Conseil d ’Etat du Canton de Va ud T own Council of Z ur ich C onseil M unicipa l de la Vil l e de Z ur ich T own Council of L ausanne C onseil M unicipa l de la Vil l e de L ausanne Board of t he Swiss F ederal Institute of T echnology Conseil de l’E cole polytechnique fédérale GUESTS OF HONOUR Dr. P h . Etter President of the Swiss Confederation Dr. P. M eierhans Councillor to the Cantonal Government of Zurich P. O guey Councillor to the Cantonal Government of Vaud J. Baumann Municipal Councillor of Zurich J. P eit r equin Municipal Councillor of Lausanne Prof. Dr. H. Pallmann President of the Board of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich Prof. Dr. h. c. A. R ohn Formerly President of the Board of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich Prof. -
Kinematics and Extent of the Piemont-Liguria Basin
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-2020-161 Preprint. Discussion started: 8 October 2020 c Author(s) 2020. CC BY 4.0 License. Kinematics and extent of the Piemont-Liguria Basin – implications for subduction processes in the Alps Eline Le Breton1, Sascha Brune2,3, Kamil Ustaszewski4, Sabin Zahirovic5, Maria Seton5, R. Dietmar Müller5 5 1Department of Earth Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany 2Geodynamic Modelling Section, German Research Centre for Geosciences, GFZ Potsdam, Germany 3Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany 4Institute for Geological Sciences, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Germany 10 5EarthByte Group, School of Geosciences, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia Correspondence to: Eline Le Breton ([email protected]) Abstract. Assessing the size of a former ocean, of which only remnants are found in mountain belts, is challenging but crucial to understand subduction and exhumation processes. Here we present new constraints on the opening and width of the Piemont- Liguria (PL) Ocean, known as the Alpine Tethys together with the Valais Basin. We use a regional tectonic reconstruction of 15 the Western Mediterranean-Alpine area, implemented into a global plate motion model with lithospheric deformation, and 2D thermo-mechanical modelling of the rifting phase to test our kinematic reconstructions for geodynamic consistency. Our model fits well with independent datasets (i.e. ages of syn-rift sediments, rift-related fault activity and mafic rocks) and shows that the PL Basin opened in four stages: (1) Rifting of the proximal continental margin in Early Jurassic (200-180 Ma), (2) Hyper- extension of the distal margin in Early-Middle Jurassic (180-165 Ma), (3) Ocean-Continent Transition (OCT) formation with 20 mantle exhumation and MORB-type magmatism in Middle-Late Jurassic (165-154 Ma), (4) Break-up and “mature” oceanic spreading mostly in Late Jurassic (154-145 Ma). -
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Inhaltsverzeichnis Einleitung Seite 6 Art und Weise... und Ausrüstung 8 Zeiten und Schwierigkeitsgrade 11 Felsqualität 12 Gefahren auf Schnee und Eis 14 Meteorologie am Simplon 16 Nützliche Telefonnummern 18 0) Der Stockalperweg: auf den Spuren der Simplongeschichte 20 1) Rundgang Egga - Stelli - Chlusmatte 24 2) Rund ums Tochuhorn 26 3) Weg der Presen - Alpe Vallescia 28 4) Simplon Dorf - Simplonpass - Chaltwasserpass 30 Sieben Tropfen Milch 34 5) Gondo - Furggu - Gabi - Simplon Dorf 36 6) Glishorn - Fülhorn - Spitzhorli - Ärezhorn - Überschreitung 38 7) Zufälliges Bummeln auf Schwarzi Balma 40 8) Irgilihorn - Capjigrat 42 9) Schmugglerweg und wilde Querung nach Alpjen 46 Brüderliche Nachbarschaft 48 10) Simplon Dorf - Alpjerbidi - Homatta - Simplonpass 50 11) Straffelgrat 52 12) Staldhorn - Südostflanke 54 13) Tochuhorn - Überschreitung 56 14) Hohture - Einleitung zum Skitouren 60 Das Militärgeheimnis 62 15) Spitzhorli - Nesseltal 64 16) Tschuggmatthorn - Guggiiihorn - Galihorn 66 17) Wasenhorn - Südwestgrat 68 18) Furggubäumhorn - Südwestgrat oder Nord-Nordwestgrat 70 19) Bortelhorn - Südwestgrat 72 Viele passende Namen und ein Makel 74 20) Test am Fels 76 21) Vertiefung zum Thema: Klettern in der Gondoschlucht 78 22) Leichtes Eis in Gabi: Alternativen zu den drei Klassikern 80 23) Ein leichtes aber längeres Eiscouloir: Due di Picche 84 24) Triathlon am Simplon: Parcours „Iron Monkey" 86 Merkwürdiges Corwetsch 90 25) Wyssbodehorn - Nordwand 92 26) Schilthorn - Nordgrat 94 27) Griessernuhorn - Böshorn - Traversierung 96 28) Böshorn -
Field Trip - Alps 2013
Student paper Field trip - Alps 2013 Evolution of the Penninic nappes - geometry & P-T-t history Kevin Urhahn Abstract Continental collision during alpine orogeny entailed a thrust and fold belt system. The Penninic nappes are one of the major thrust sheet systems in the internal Alps. Extensive seismic researches (NFP20,...) and geological windows (Tauern-window, Engadin-window, Rechnitz-window), as well as a range of outcrops lead to an improved understanding about the nappe architecture of the Penninic system. This paper deals with the shape, structure and composition of the Penninic nappes. Furthermore, the P-T-t history1 of the Penninic nappes during the alpine orogeny, from the Cretaceous until the Oligocene, will be discussed. 1 The P-T-t history of the Penninic nappes is not completely covered in this paper. The second part, of the last evolution of the Alpine orogeny, from Oligocene until today is covered by Daniel Finken. 1. Introduction The Penninic can be subdivided into three partitions which are distinguishable by their depositional environment (PFIFFNER 2010). The depositional environments are situated between the continental margin of Europe and the Adriatic continent (MAXELON et al. 2005). The Sediments of the Valais-trough (mostly Bündnerschists) where deposited onto a thin continental crust and are summarized to the Lower Penninic nappes (PFIFFNER 2010). The Middle Penninic nappes are comprised of sediments of the Briançon-micro-continent. The rock compositions of the Lower- (Simano-, Adula- and Antigori-nappe) and Middle- Penninic nappes (Klippen-nappe) encompass Mesozoic to Cenozoic sediments, which are sheared off from their crystalline basement. Additionally crystalline basement form separate nappe stacks (PFIFFNER 2010). -
Große Grate Der Berner Alpen
Große Grate der Berner Alpen Fründenhorn, Morgenhorn, Wysse Frau, Blüemlisalphorn, Lauterbrunnen Breithorn Sieben Angehörige der Bezirksgruppe Nürtingen des Deutschen Alpenvereins starten in Kandersteg zu einer Hochtour. Vorbei am Oeschinensee erreichen wir nach ca. 4,5 Stunden und einem Aufstieg von über 1400 Meter die Fründenhütte. Am nächsten Morgen starteten wir nicht in der Dunkelheit, da der Hüttenwart uns für eine Gipfelbsteigung und keine Überschreitung des Fründenhorns weckte. Von der Fründenhütte (2562 m) geht es angeseilt über den Fründengletscher in 1:15 Std. zum 2983 m hohen Fründenjoch. Von hier geht es am Seil auf den exponierten Südwestgrat mit Kletterstelle im vierten Schwierigkeitsgrat. Nach weiteren 4 Stunden Kletterei erreichen wir das 3368 Meter hohe Fründenhorn. Zwischenzeitlich behindert aufgezogener Nebel die Sicht auf den Abstieg auf der Normalroute, so dass wir erst nach 10 Stunden gegen Abend auf der Fründenhütte ankommen. Blick auf Fründenjoch Blick über Petersgrat zum Birghorn, Sackhorn, Lötschenpass und Balmhorn Von der Fründenhütte steigen wir ca. 1000 Meter hinab zum türkisfarbenen Oeschinensee. Er ist eingerahmt von himmelhohen Wänden der Blüemlisalpkette. In ihm spiegeln sich Fründenhorn, Oeschinenhorn und Blüemlisalphorn auf der einen und den dunklen, felsigen Gipfel Dündenhorn, Bundstock und Schwarzhorn auf der anderen Seite. Schweißtreibend geht in ca. 4 Stunden und 1300 Meter Aufstieg zur Blüemlisalphütte am Hohtürli. Oberbärgli Blüemlisalphornhütte 2834 m am Hohtürli Die Blüemlisalpüberschreitung ist ein Klassiker und gehört zu einer der schönsten Überschreitungen in den Alpen auf ausgesetztem Firngrat. Sie ist schwierig, im Fels bis III, Eis bis50 Grad. Die Runde dauert etwa 10 Stunden. Zur Traversierung brechen wir im Dunkeln zum östlichen Gipfel des Blüemlisalpmassivs, dem Morgenhorn, auf. -
An Overview of Glacier Lakes in the Western Italian Alps from 1927 To
Geogr. Fis. Dinam. Quat. DOI 10.4461/GFDQ.2016.39.19 39 (2016). 203-214, 9 figg., 3 tabb. CRISTINA VIANI (*), MARCO GIARDINO (*,**), CH RISTIAN GLHUG E (***), LUIGI PEROTTI (*,**) & GIO VANNI MORTARA (**) AN OVERVIEW OF GLACIER LAKES IN THE WESTERN ITALIAN ALPS FROM 1927 TO 2014 BASED ON MULTIPLE DATA SOURCES (HISTORICAL MAPS, ORTHOPHOTOS AND REPORTS OF THE GLACIOLOGICAL SURVEYS) ABSTRT AC : VIANI C., GIARDINO M., HUGLG E C., PEROTTI L. & MOR- Alps (Monte Rosa Group). Moreover, in a dedicated database, we collect- TARA G., An overview of glacier lakes in the Western Italian Alps form ed information (descriptions, photos, maps) about glacier lakes from the 1927 to 2014 based on multiple data sources (historical maps, orthophotos reports of the annual glaciological surveys published by the Italian Gla- and reports of the glaciological surveys). (IT ISSN 0391-9839, 2016) ciological Committee (CGI) since 1928. Finally, we reported two cases of glacier lakes at the Tzére Glacier (Monte Rosa Group, Pennine Alps) Since the end of the Little Ice Age (LIA, ca. 1850 AD) a general and at the Ban Glacier (Monte Leone-Blinnenhorn Chain, Lepontine and progressive retreat of glaciers started in the European Alps, causing Alps), in order to demonstrate the importance of integrating data from a important environmental changes in this high mountain region. The ap- diversity of sources (historical maps, orthophotos and reports of the gla- pearance of glacier lakes is one of the most evident environmental effects ciological surveys) for better detailed reconstructions of the condition of in the Alps as well as in newly deglaciated areas worldwide. -
A New Mineral from Mn Ores of the Ushkatyn-III Deposit, 3 Central Kazakhstan and Metamorphic Rocks of the Wanni Glacier, Switzerland 4 5 Oleg S
1 Revision 1 2 Gasparite-(La), La(AsO4), a new mineral from Mn ores of the Ushkatyn-III deposit, 3 Central Kazakhstan and metamorphic rocks of the Wanni glacier, Switzerland 4 5 Oleg S. Vereshchagin*1, Sergey N. Britvin1,6, Elena N. Perova1, Aleksey I. Brusnitsyn1, 6 Yury S. Polekhovsky1, Vladimir V. Shilovskikh2, Vladimir N. Bocharov2, 7 Ate van der Burgt3, Stéphane Cuchet4, and Nicolas Meisser5 8 1Institute of Earth Sciences, St. Petersburg State University, University Emb. 7/9, 199034 St. 9 Petersburg, Russia 10 2Geomodel Centre, St. Petersburg State University, Uliyanovskaya St. 1, 198504 St. 11 Petersburg, Russia 12 3Geertjesweg 39, NL-6706EB Wageningen, The Netherlands 13 4ch. des Bruyeres 14, CH-1007 Lausanne, Switzerland 14 5Musée cantonal de géologie, Université de Lausanne, Anthropole, 1015 Lausanne, 15 Switzerland 16 6Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Fersman Str. 14, 184209 Apatity, 17 Murmansk Region, Russia 18 *E-mail: [email protected] 19 1 20 Abstract 21 Gasparite-(La), La(AsO4), is a new mineral (IMA 2018-079) from Mn ores of the Ushkatyn- 22 III deposit, Central Kazakhstan (type locality) and from alpine fissures in metamorphic rocks 23 of the Wanni glacier, Binn Valley, Switzerland (co-type locality). Gasparite-(La) is named 24 for its dominant lanthanide, according to current nomenclature of rare-earth minerals. 25 Occurrence and parageneses in both localities is distinct: minute isometric grains up to 15 µm 26 in size, associated with fridelite, jacobsite, pennantite, manganhumite series minerals 27 (alleghanyite, sonolite), sarkinite, tilasite and retzian-(La) are typically embedded into 28 calcite-rhodochrosite veinlets (Ushkatyn-III deposit), versus elongated crystals up to 2 mm in 29 size in classical alpine fissures in two-mica gneiss without indicative associated minerals 30 (Wanni glacier). -
FURKA T O BRIG
ALAIS AND CHAMO UNIX FROM THE FURKA t o BRIG F. O. W OLF. With 16 Illustrations by J. WEBER and two Haps. ZÜRICH. ORELL FÜ8SLI 4. Co. Il l u s t r a t e d E u r o p e Oar Collection “ILLUSTRATED EUROPE" is published also in a German and a French edition, entitled respectively:— Europäische Wanderbilder. | L’Europe illustrée. Each volume abundantly illustrated. ■ The Collection is kept on store at every important bookseller’s on the Continent. The following numbers have appeared:— 1. The Arth-Rigi-Railway 29. 30, Gorhersdorf (Sanatorium for 2. Baden-Baden Consumptives) 3. The Vitxnan-Rigi-Rail. 31.32. Chaux-de-Fonds, Locle, Brenets 4. Heiden and the Rorschach-Heiden- 33. From Frohurg to Waldenburg R ailw ay 34.35. The Bürgenstock (Lake of Lucerne) 5. Baden in Switzerland 36. 37. Neuchâtel and its environs 6. Thnn and the Lake oi Thun 38. 39. Battaglia near Padua 7. Interlaken 4 0 .4 1 . Goire and its environs 8. The Upper-Engadine 42. 43. 44. The Pusterthal Railway 9. Znrich and its environs 45.46. 47. The Brenner Railway 10. Constance 48.49.50. From the Danube to the Adriatic 11. Nyon on the lake of Geneva 51. 52. Graz 12. Thnsis a t the V ia M ala 53. 54. From Paris to Berne 13. Lucerne 55. 56. The Lake of Lucerne 14. Florence 57. Jugenheim a. Auerbach n. Darmstadt 15.16. Milan 58.59. Aix-les-Bains and its environs 17. Schaffhansen and the Falls of the 60.61. -
Paleotectonic Evolution of the Central and Western Alps
BULLETIN OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA VOL. 71, PP. 843-908, 14 FIGS.. 2 PLS. JUNE 1960 PALEOTECTONIC EVOLUTION OF THE CENTRAL AND WESTERN ALPS BY RUDOLF TRUMPY ABSTRACT This paper deals with the general features of Mesozoic and Tertiary rock sequences and paleogeography in the Alps. It seeks to outline the paleotectonic significance of the rocks and to discuss the structural evolution of the Alpine geosyncline up to the main deformation, with special reference to the sector between the rivers Rhine and Durance. Accent is placed on the relative independence of Alpine structures involving the pre-Triassic basement rocks and of cover nappes consisting only of Mesozoic and Tertiary formations. Normal shallow-water deposits of platform or miogeosynclinal type were laid down over the whole area before eugeosynclinal conditions set in. The typical eugeosynclinal sediments in the central, Penninic belt of the Alps are the Schistes lustres and Bundner- schiefer, with sills and submarine lava flows of basic volcanic rocks (ophiolites). Before metamorphism they consisted mainly of shales and of impure arenaceous and argillaceous limestones. The bathymetric environment of radiolarian cherts and associated rocks is examined, and their deep-water origin is upheld for the Alpine occurrences. Marine polygenic breccias are characteristic of geosynclinal slopes (commonly fault scarps) and not of a particular depth zone. The Alpine Flysch is a particularly significant sediment. Flysch is a thick marine deposit of predominantly detrital rocks, in part turbidites, generally without volcanic rocks, and laid down during compressional deformation of the geosyncline. Of the many different kinds of Flysch some represent transitions to either Bundnerschiefer or Molasse. -
Journal 1983
THE ASSOCIATION OF BRITISH MEMBERS OF THE SWISS ALPINE CLUB JOURNAL 1983 CONTENTS Diary for 1983 3 Editorial 4 Over the Kangla Jot by Miriam Baldwin 5 A Note on Schwarenbach by Paul French 7 Greenland by John Wright 12 Shorter Reports of Members Activities 13 Association activities The A.G.M. 20 Association Accounts 21 The Annual Dinner 24 The Outdoor Meets 24 Obituaries: Derek Lambley, Robert Lawrie 30 Book Reviews 31 List of past and pttsent officers 33 Complete list of members 36 Official addresses of die S.A.C. Inside back cover Officers of the Association 1982 Back cover • DIARY FOR 1983 14-16 Jan. Wasdale — P. Fleming Wed. 23 Jan. Fondue Party, E — E. Sondheimer 28-30 Jan. Glencoe — A. I. Andrews 11-13 Feb. Patterdale (Northern Dinner) — W. B. Midgely Wed. 23 Feb. Dr. Charles Clarke: Mountains and Medicine 25-27 Feb. Llanrwst — R. E. W. Casselton 18-20 March Patterdale (Maintenance Meet) — J. R. Murray Wed. 23 March Les Swindin: Some Memorable Alpine Routes 31 Mar./4 Apr. Patterdale — J. R. Murray 31 Mar./4 Apr. Llanrwst — S. M. Freeman Wed. 20 April John Wright: Antartica 29 Apr./2 May Patterdale — J. R. Murray 29 Apr./2 May Llanrwst — A. I. Andrews 29 Apr./2 May Derbyshire — D. Penlington Wed. 18 May Paddy Boulter: A trip to the Rockies 27-30 May Patterdale — J. R. Murray 27-30 May Llanrwst — R. Coatsworth 28-31 May Arran — A. I. Andrews 28 May/11 June Corsica — R. E. W. Casselton Wed. 23 June Buffet Party 24-26 June Bosigran — M.