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Rational a Priori Or Emotional a Priori? Husserl and Scheler's CULTURA CULTURA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY OF CULTURE CULTURA AND AXIOLOGY Founded in 2004, Cultura. International Journal of Philosophy of 2011 Culture and Axiology is a semiannual peer-reviewed journal devo- 2 2011 Vol VIII No 2 ted to philosophy of culture and the study of value. It aims to pro- mote the exploration of different values and cultural phenomena in regional and international contexts. The editorial board encourages OLOGY the submission of manuscripts based on original research that are I judged to make a novel and important contribution to understan- LOSOPHY OF I ding the values and cultural phenomena in the contempo rary world. CULTURE AND AX AND CULTURE ONAL JOURNAL OF PH I INTERNAT ISBN 978-3-631-63292-5 www.peterlang.de PETER LANG CULTURA 2011_VOL_8_No2_SH-A5Br.indd 1 20.01.12 16:01:36 Uhr CULTURA CULTURA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY OF CULTURE CULTURA AND AXIOLOGY Founded in 2004, Cultura. International Journal of Philosophy of 2011 Culture and Axiology is a semiannual peer-reviewed journal devo- 2 2011 Vol VIII No 2 ted to philosophy of culture and the study of value. It aims to pro- mote the exploration of different values and cultural phenomena in regional and international contexts. The editorial board encourages OLOGY the submission of manuscripts based on original research that are I judged to make a novel and important contribution to understan- LOSOPHY OF I ding the values and cultural phenomena in the contempo rary world. CULTURE AND AX AND CULTURE ONAL JOURNAL OF PH I INTERNAT www.peterlang.de PETER LANG CULTURA 2011_VOL_8_No2_SH-A5Br.indd 1 20.01.12 16:01:36 Uhr CULTURA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY OF CULTURE AND AXIOLOGY Cultura. International Journal of Philosophy of Culture and Axiology E-ISSN (Online): 2065-5002 (Published online by Versita, Solipska 14A/1, 02-482 Warsaw, Poland) ISSN (Print): 1584-1057 Advisory Board Prof. dr. Mario Perniola, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy Prof. dr. Paul Cruysberghs, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium Prof. dr. Michael Jennings, Princeton University, USA Prof. Emeritus dr. Horst Baier, University of Konstanz, Germany Prof. dr. José María Paz Gago, University of Coruña, Spain Prof. dr. Maximiliano E. Korstanje, John F. Kennedy University, Buenos Aires, Argentina Prof. dr. Nic Gianan, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Philippines Prof. dr. Alexandru Boboc, Correspondent member of the Romanian Academy, Romania Prof. dr. Teresa Castelao-Lawless, Grand Valley State University, USA Prof. dr. Richard L. Lanigan, Southern Illinois University, USA Prof. dr. Fernando Cipriani, G.d’Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara, Italy Prof. dr. Elif Cirakman, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey Prof. dr. David Cornberg, University Ming Chuan, Taiwan Prof. dr. Carmen Cozma, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University Iassy, Romania Prof. dr. Nancy Billias, Department of Philosophy, Saint Joseph College, Hartford, USA Prof. dr. Christian Möckel, Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany Prof. dr. Leszek S. Pyra, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Poland Prof. dr. A. L. Samian, National University of Malaysia Prof. dr. Dimitar Sashev, University of Sofia, Bulgaria Prof. dr. Kiymet Selvi, Anadolu University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. dr. Traian D. Stănciulescu, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University Iassy, Romania Prof. dr. Gloria Vergara, University of Colima, Mexico Editorial Board Editor-in-Chief: Co-Editors: Prof. dr. Nicolae Râmbu Prof. dr. Aldo Marroni Faculty of Philosophy and Social- Facoltà di Scienze Sociali Political Sciences Università degli Studi G. d’Annunzio Alexandru Ioan Cuza University Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti B-dul Carol I, nr. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania Scalo, Italy [email protected] [email protected] Executive Editor: PD Dr. Till Kinzel Dr. Simona Mitroiu Englisches Seminar Human Sciences Research Department Technische Universität Braunschweig, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University Bienroder Weg 80, Lascar Catargi, nr. 54, 700107 Iasi, Romania 38106 Braunschweig, Germany [email protected] [email protected] Editorial Assistants: Radu Vasile Chialda, Adina Romanescu, Marius Sidoriuc, Daniel Ungureanu Designer: Aritia Poenaru Editorial Office Address: Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Faculty of Philosophy and Social-Political Sciences, The Seminar of Philosophy of Culture and Axiology, Carol I, nr. 11, 700506, Iasi, Romania, Tel.:0040/232/201054; Fax: 0040/232/201154; e-mail: [email protected] Indexing and Abstracting: Thomson Reuters (ISI) – Arts & Humanities Citation Index; EBSCO Humanities International Index; EBSCO Humanities International Complete; SCOPUS (Elsevier); MLA International Bibliography; The International Consortium for the Advancement of Academic Publication (ICAAP); Summon by Serial Solutions; Ulrich’s Periodicals Directory Cultura International Journal of Philosophy of Culture and Axiology Vol. 8, No. 2 (2011) Editor-in-Chief Nicolae Râmbu PETER LANG Frankfurt am Main · Berlin · Bern · Bruxelles · New York · Oxford · Wien Bibliographic Information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de. Umschlagabbildung: © Aritia Poenaru ISSN 2065-5002 ISBN: 978-3-631-63292-5 © Peter Lang GmbH Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften Frankfurt am Main 2012 All rights reserved. All parts of this publication are protected by copyright. Any utilisation outside the strict limits of the copyright law, without the permission of the publisher, is forbidden and liable to prosecution. This applies in particular to reproductions, translations, microfilming, and storage and processing in electronic retrieval systems. www.peterlang.de CONTENTS VALUES and INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION Asunción LÓPEZ-VARELA AZCÁRATE 7 Intertextuality and Intermediality as Cross-cultural Comunication Tools: A Critical Inquiry Giuseppe CACCIATORE 23 Intercultural Ethics and “Critical” Universalism Robert C. TRUNDLE 39 Art as Certifiably Good or Bad: A Defence by Modal Logic Giuseppe D’ANNA 51 On the Correlativistic Construction of the Other. For an Analytical Anti-Spectacular Interculturalism: Nicolai Hartmann, György Lukács and Guy Debord Che Mahzan AHMAD 63 Notes on Ethno-Pragmatics as a Device for Intercultural Communication Intelligence (ICQ) Monica RICCIO 73 Democracy as a “Universal Value” and an Intercultural Ethics Scott H. BOYD 85 Considering a Theory of Autopoietic Culture Maximiliano E. KORSTANJE, Geoffrey SKOLL 105 Breaking the Symbolic Alienation: The New Role and Chalenges of Critical Philosophy in Next Millennium Constantin STOENESCU 127 The Ethos of Modern Science and the “Religious Melting Pot”: About the Topicality of Merton’s Thesis Wei ZHANG 143 Rational a priori or Emotional a priori? Husserl and Scheler’s Criticisms of Kant Regarding the Foundation of Ethics Petru ILU, Laura NISTOR 159 Some Aspects of the Relationship between Basic Human Values and Religiosity in Romania Irina POLYAKOVA 177 Drama of Life: Philosophical Biography as an Event in Russian Culture Mohd Faizal MUSA 189 Javanese Sufism and Prophetic Literature I Made Gede ARIMBAWA 209 Exploitation of Bali Traditional Symbols on Today’s Design Nicolae RÂMBU 223 Iconostrophia of the Spirit Isaac E. UKPOKOLO 235 Between Group Mind and Common Good: Interrogating the African Socio-Political Condition 10.2478/v10193-011-0024-x Cultura. International Journal of Philosophy of Culture and Axiology 8(2)/2011: 143–158 Rational a priori or Emotional a priori? Husserl and Scheler’s Criticisms of Kant Regarding the Foundation of Ethics Wei ZHANG Department of Philosophy, Sun Yat-sen University No. 135 Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou 510275, China [email protected] Abstract. Based on the dispute between Protagoras and Socrates on the origin of ethics, one can ask the question of whether the principle of ethics is reason or feeling/emotion, or whether ethics is grounded on reason or feeling/emotion. The development of Kant’s thoughts on ethics shows the tension between reason and feeling/emotion. In Kant’s final critical ethics, he held to a principle of “rational a priori.” On the one hand, this is presented as the rational a priori principle being the binding principle of judgment. On the other hand, it is presented as the doc- trine of “rational fact” as the ultimate argument of his ethics. Husserl believed that Kant’s doctrine of a rational a priori totally disregarded the a priori essential laws of feeling. Like Husserl, Scheler criticized Kant’s doctrine of a rational a priori, and therefore developed his own theory of an “emotional a priori”. Both of them focused their critiques on the grounding level of ethics. Scheler, however, did not follow Husserl all the way, but criticized him and reflected on his thoughts. At last, he revealed the primary status of a phenomenological material ethics of value. Keywords: rational a priori, emotional a priori, the principle of judgment of moral- ity, moral insights, the foundation of ethics Based on the dispute between Protagoras and Socrates on the origin of ethics, one can ask the question, as Brentano did, of whether the prin- ciple of ethics is reason or feeling/emotion, or whether ethics is grounded on reason or feeling/emotion. In Kant’s final critical ethics, he held to a principle of “rational a priori.” But Husserl believed that Kant’s doctrine of a rational a priori totally disregarded the a priori es- sential laws of feeling. Like Husserl,
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