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Dinidoridae, Megarididae E Tessaratomidae

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Dinidoridae, Megarididae E Tessaratomidae | 403 Resumen DINIDORIDAE, MEGARIDIDAE Se presenta una revisión del conocimiento de la di- E TESSARATOMIDAE versidad de las Dinidoridae, Megarididae y Tessarato- midae en la Argentina. Estas familias están represen- tadas por sólo una especie en las familias Dinidoridae y Tessaratomidae y por dos en Megarididae, la cual es exclusivamente conocida de la región Neotropical. Se incluye información general sobre hábitat, comporta- miento, régimen alimenticio y distribución geográfica de las familias. Abstract A review of the knowledge of the diversity of the Dini- doridae, Megarididae, and Tessaratomidae in Argen- tina is presented. These families are represented by one species of Dinidoridae and Tessaratomidae each, and two of Megarididae, which is known only from the Neotropical region. General information about habi- tat, behavior, food habits and geographical distribu- tion of the families is included. Introdução A superfamília Pentatomoidea inclui na sua maioria percevejos fitófagos, reconhecidos pelo escutelo de- senvolvido, tricobótrios abdominais pareados e loca- lizados lateralmente à linha dos espiráculos, abertura *Cristiano F. SCHWERTNER da cápsula genital dos machos (= pigóforo) direcionada **Jocelia GRAZIA posteriormente, ovos geralmente em forma de barril (podendo ser ovóides ou esféricos) (Schuh & Slater, 1995; Grazia et al., 2008). Compreende cerca de 7000 *Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universida- espécies no mundo incluídas em 15 famílias (Grazia et de Federal de São Paulo, Campus Diadema, Rua al., 2008), das quais Acanthosomatidae, Canopidae, Prof. Artur Riedel 275, Diadema, SP, Brasil. Cydnidae, Dinidoridae, Megarididae, Pentatomidae [email protected] (incluíndo Cyrtocorinae), Phloeidae, Scutelleridae, Tessaratomidae e Thyreocoridae são encontradas na **Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal região Neotropical (Grazia et al., 2012). Na Argentina, do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves apenas as famílias Canopidae e Phloeidae não foram 9.500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, ainda registradas. A primeira contém oito espécies, in- Brasil. Bolsista CNPq. cluídas todas no gênero Canopus Fabricius, na América [email protected] do Sul são registradas apenas na região amazônica. A segunda contém três espécies em dois gêneros (Phloea Lepeletier & Serville e Phloephana Kirkaldy), restritas às regiões das Florestas Amazônica e Mata Atlântica, sua distribuição sul limitada à planície costeira do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Chave para identificação das famílias de Pentatomoi- dea que ocorrem na região Neotropical é encontrada Sergio ROIG-JUÑENT*, Lucía E. CLAPS** y Juan J. em Grazia et al. (2012). O conhecimento sobre as fa- MORRONE*** mílias Pentatomidae e Cyrtocoridae (atualmente tra- Biodiversidad de Artrópodos Argentinos, vol. 3 tada como subfamilia de Pentatomidae) para a Argen- *IADIZA, CCT CONICET Mendoza, Argentina. tina foi sumarizado por Grazia & Schwertner (2008). As [email protected] famílias Acanthosomatidae e Thyreocoridae são apre- **INSUE-UNT/UADER, Argentina. sentadas neste volume (Grazia & Schwertner, 2013; [email protected] ***Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Grazia et al., 2013). Ciencias, UNAM, México. [email protected] O conhecimento sobre as espécies das famílias Dini- doridae (uma sp.), Megarididae (duas spp.) e Tessara- tomidae (uma sp.) com registro para a Argentina são sumarizados neste capítulo. Com objetivo de auxiliar 404 | Biodiversidad de Artrópodos Argentinos, vol. 3 futuros estudos, discute-se brevemente o conhecimen- polita Piezosternum está representado, com três es- to geral sobre a biologia e imaturos dessas famílias. pécies. Chave para as espécies neotropicais em Pirán (1971), das quais uma tem registro para a Argentina: Dinidoridae. Apesar de seu tamanho relativamente Piezosternum thunbergi, nas províncias de Formosa, grande e sua coloração aposemática, estes percevejos Misiones e Corrientes (Pirán, 1962, 1971). raramente estão representados em coleções. A família foi revisada por Durai (1987), que reconheceu as sub- famílias Dinidorinae, com as tribos Dinidorini e Thal- Características gerais mini, e Megymeninae, com as tribos Megymenini e Eu- menotini. Chaves para identificação dos táxons podem Dinidoridae (Fig. 1). Tamanho grande (10 a 30 mm), ser encontradas em Durai (1987). Rolston et al. (1996) corpo ovóide e robusto. Coloração geralmente escu- sumarizaram a classificação corrente para a família. ra, negra ou castanha. Cabeça carenada lateralmente, Gapud (1991) considerou Dinidoridae e Tessaratomi- búcula curta e elevada. Antenas com 4-5 segmentos. dae grupos irmãos com base em duas sinapomorfias: Rostro atingindo meso e metacoxa. Ângulos umerais espiráculos do II segmento abdominal parcialmente ex- nunca desenvolvidos. Escutelo triangular, quase tão postos e paratergitos (laterotergitos) 9 muito amplos largo quando longo, nunca recobrindo o cório e geral- nas fêmeas. Kocorek & Lis (2000), na revisão cladística mente com ápice rombo. Membrana do hemiélitro com de Megymeninae, propuseram uma nova tribo –Byrso- venação reticulada. Tarsos com 2-3 segmentos. depsini– e trataram Eumenotini como sinônimo junior Megarididae (Fig. 4). São percevejos pequenos (cer- de Megymenini. Grazia et al. (2008) encontraram re- ca de 5 mm ou menos), com corpo ovalado e forte- lações variáveis entre estes táxons de acordo com as memente convexos dorsalmente, coloração negra e análises efetuadas: Dinidoridae mostrou-se parafiléti- brilhante. Margens anteriores da cabeça e do pronoto ca ou monofilética, mas sempre com relações de grupo carenadas; búculas pouco desenvolvidas. Antenas com irmão com Tessaratomidae monofilética. Compreende quatro segmentos, com inúmeras setas tão longas que 115 espécies em 13 gêneros, sendo predominantemen- o diâmetro dos segmentos antenais nas fêmeas e muito te encontrados nas regiões Afrotropical e Oriental. Na mais longas nos machos. Escutelo muito desenvolvido, região Neotropical ocorrem seis espécies de Dinidor. recobrindo quase completamente os hemiélitros. Asas Na Argentina só se tem o registro de Dinidor mactabilis anteriores mais longas que o abdomen, membrana do (Dinidorinae, Dinidorini) para a província de Misiones hemiélitro com uma ou nenhuma veias. Tíbias iner- [citada por Pirán (1948) como D. mactans]. mes, tarsos com dois segmentos. Megarididae. O tamanho diminuto e a forma coleop- Tessaratomidae (Fig. 5). Os tessaratomídeos são per- teróide devem contribuir para a baixa representativi- cevejos grandes e robustos; representam os maiores dade desta família nas coleções. Foi reconhecida como pentatomóideos, podendo ultrapassar 40 mm de com- subfamília de Pentatomidae por McAtee & Malloch primento. Corpo oval e elíptico, coloração variada, (1928) e elevada à família por McDonald (1979). Estu- as espécies neotropicais são predominantemente ver- dando a genitália de ambos os sexos, McDonald (1979) de-escuras. Cabeça lateralmente carenada, relativa- concluiu que Megarididae, Canopidae e Plataspididae mente pequena em comparação ao tamanho do corpo; (esta sem representantes na região Neotropical), que búcula muito curta. Antenas com 4 ou 5 segmentos. têm em comum um amplo escutelo, apresentam seme- Rostro curto, atingindo as coxas anteriores. Ângulos lhança meramente superficial. É exclusivamente neo- umerais podem estar desenvolvidos, sendo a regra nas tropical, com 16 espécies em um único gênero, Mega- espécies neotropicais de Piezosternum; margem pos- ris. Chave para identificação das espécies em McAtee terior do pronoto estendendo-se sobre a base do escu- & Malloch (1928). Kormilev (1954) registrou Megaris telo. Escutelo triangular, mais longo que largo, nunca laevicollis para Corrientes. Kormilev (1956) descreveu recobrindo o cório, forma do ápice variável. Membrana da Argentina Megaris vianai procedente de Córdoba dos hemiélitros sem veias reticuladas. Asas posterio- (Calamuchita, El Sauce). res com hamus presente. Tarsos com 2-3 segmentos. Tessaratomidae. Assemelham-se a grandes penta- Metasterno elevado e projetado anteriormente sobre tomídeos, dos quais se distinguem pela cabeça mui- o mesosterno. to pequena, antenas geralmente com quatro artícu- los, rostro curto, raramente ultrapassando as coxas Imaturos anteriores e pronoto estendendo-se sobre a base do escutelo. Rolston et al. (1993) sumarizaram a classifi- Os imaturos de nenhuma das espécies neotropicais cação corrente para a família. Conforme mencionado de Dinidoridae e Tessaratomidae foram formalmente acima, Gapud (1991) e Grazia et al. (2008) discutem descritas até o momento. O conhecimento sobre ovos as relações de parentesco entre as famílias Tessarato- e ninfas dessas famílias se restringe as espécies de midade e Dinidoridae. A classificação infrafamiliar foi outras regiões (por ex. Kumar, 1969; McDonald, 1969; discutida recentemente por Kment & Vilimová (2010). Malipatil & Kumar, 1975; Danielczok & Kocorek, 2003; São conhecidos 45 gêneros e cerca de 235 espécies, Magnien et al., 2008). Também são fontes de infor- com distribuição exclusiva no hemisfério sul, predomi- mações sobre ovos dessas duas famílias os trabalhos nantemente nos trópicos do Velho Mundo. Inclui três de Southwood (1956) e Cobben (1968). Para a famí- subfamílias: Tessaratominae, Natalicolinae e Oncome- lia Megarididae, as informações sobre os imaturos são rinae. Na região Neotropical, apenas o gênero cosmo- restritas a poucas observações (Schuh & Slater, 1995), HEMIPTERA | 405 Fig. 1. Dinidor mactabilis (adulto). Fig. 2. Posturas de Dinidor
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