World View Foreign Currency Kit #3 Inventory
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BIbLIOGRAPHY 2016 AFI Annual Report. (2017). Alliance for Financial Inclusion. Retrieved July 31, 2017, from https://www.afi-global.org/sites/default/files/publica- tions/2017-05/2016%20AFI%20Annual%20Report.pdf. A Law of the Abolition of Currencies in a Small Denomination and Rounding off a Fraction, July 15, 1953, Law No.60 (Shōgakutsūka no seiri oyobi shiharaikin no hasūkeisan ni kansuru hōritsu). Retrieved April 11, 2017, from https:// web.archive.org/web/20020628033108/http://www.shugiin.go.jp/itdb_ housei.nsf/html/houritsu/01619530715060.htm. About PBC. (2018, August 21). The People’s Bank of China. Retrieved August 21, 2018, from http://www.pbc.gov.cn/english/130712/index.html. About Us. Alliance for Financial Inclusion. Retrieved July 31, 2017, from https:// www.afi-global.org/about-us. AFI Official Members. Alliance for Financial Inclusion. Retrieved July 31, 2017, from https://www.afi-global.org/sites/default/files/inlinefiles/AFI%20 Official%20Members_8%20February%202018.pdf. Ahamed, L. (2009). Lords of Finance: The Bankers Who Broke the World. London: Penguin Books. Alderman, L., Kanter, J., Yardley, J., Ewing, J., Kitsantonis, N., Daley, S., Russell, K., Higgins, A., & Eavis, P. (2016, June 17). Explaining Greece’s Debt Crisis. The New York Times. Retrieved January 28, 2018, from https://www.nytimes. com/interactive/2016/business/international/greece-debt-crisis-euro.html. Alesina, A. (1988). Macroeconomics and Politics (S. Fischer, Ed.). NBER Macroeconomics Annual, 3, 13–62. Alesina, A. (1989). Politics and Business Cycles in Industrial Democracies. Economic Policy, 4(8), 57–98. © The Author(s) 2018 355 R. Ray Chaudhuri, Central Bank Independence, Regulations, and Monetary Policy, https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-58912-5 356 BIBLIOGRAPHY Alesina, A., & Grilli, V. -
Dollarization in Tanzania
Working paper Dollarization in Tanzania Empirical Evidence and Cross-Country Experience Panteleo Kessy April 2011 Dollarization in Tanzania: Empirical Evidence and Cross-Country Experience Abstract The use of U.S dollar as unit of account, medium of exchange and store of value in Tanzania has raised concerns among policy makers and the general public. This paper attempts to shed some light on the key stylized facts of dollarization in Tanzania and the EAC region. We show that compared to other EAC countries, financial dollarization in Tanzania is high, but steadily declining. We also present some evidence of creeping transaction dollarization particularly in the education sector, apartment rentals in some parts of major cities and a few imported consumer goods such as laptops and pay TV services. An empirical analysis of the determinants of financial dollarization is provided for the period 2001 to 2009. Based on the findings and drawing from the experience of other countries around the world, we propose some policy measures to deal with prevalence of dollarization in the country. Acknowledgment: I am thankful to the IGC and the Bank of Tanzania for facilitating work on this paper. I am particularly grateful to Christopher Adam and Steve O’Connell for valuable discussions and comments on the first draft of this paper. However, the views expressed in this paper are solely my own and do not necessarily reflect the official views of any institution with which I’m affiliated. 2 Dollarization in Tanzania: Empirical Evidence and Cross-Country Experience 1. Introduction One of the most notable effects of the recent financial sector liberalization in Tanzania is the increased use of foreign currency (notably the U.S dollar) as a way of holding wealth and a means of transaction for goods and services by the domestic residents. -
Currency Codes COP Colombian Peso KWD Kuwaiti Dinar RON Romanian Leu
Global Wire is an available payment method for the currencies listed below. This list is subject to change at any time. Currency Codes COP Colombian Peso KWD Kuwaiti Dinar RON Romanian Leu ALL Albanian Lek KMF Comoros Franc KGS Kyrgyzstan Som RUB Russian Ruble DZD Algerian Dinar CDF Congolese Franc LAK Laos Kip RWF Rwandan Franc AMD Armenian Dram CRC Costa Rican Colon LSL Lesotho Malati WST Samoan Tala AOA Angola Kwanza HRK Croatian Kuna LBP Lebanese Pound STD Sao Tomean Dobra AUD Australian Dollar CZK Czech Koruna LT L Lithuanian Litas SAR Saudi Riyal AWG Arubian Florin DKK Danish Krone MKD Macedonia Denar RSD Serbian Dinar AZN Azerbaijan Manat DJF Djibouti Franc MOP Macau Pataca SCR Seychelles Rupee BSD Bahamian Dollar DOP Dominican Peso MGA Madagascar Ariary SLL Sierra Leonean Leone BHD Bahraini Dinar XCD Eastern Caribbean Dollar MWK Malawi Kwacha SGD Singapore Dollar BDT Bangladesh Taka EGP Egyptian Pound MVR Maldives Rufi yaa SBD Solomon Islands Dollar BBD Barbados Dollar EUR EMU Euro MRO Mauritanian Olguiya ZAR South African Rand BYR Belarus Ruble ERN Eritrea Nakfa MUR Mauritius Rupee SRD Suriname Dollar BZD Belize Dollar ETB Ethiopia Birr MXN Mexican Peso SEK Swedish Krona BMD Bermudian Dollar FJD Fiji Dollar MDL Maldavian Lieu SZL Swaziland Lilangeni BTN Bhutan Ngultram GMD Gambian Dalasi MNT Mongolian Tugrik CHF Swiss Franc BOB Bolivian Boliviano GEL Georgian Lari MAD Moroccan Dirham LKR Sri Lankan Rupee BAM Bosnia & Herzagovina GHS Ghanian Cedi MZN Mozambique Metical TWD Taiwan New Dollar BWP Botswana Pula GTQ Guatemalan Quetzal -
Crown Agents Bank's Currency Capabilities
Crown Agents Bank’s Currency Capabilities August 2020 Country Currency Code Foreign Exchange RTGS ACH Mobile Payments E/M/F Majors Australia Australian Dollar AUD ✓ ✓ - - M Canada Canadian Dollar CAD ✓ ✓ - - M Denmark Danish Krone DKK ✓ ✓ - - M Europe European Euro EUR ✓ ✓ - - M Japan Japanese Yen JPY ✓ ✓ - - M New Zealand New Zealand Dollar NZD ✓ ✓ - - M Norway Norwegian Krone NOK ✓ ✓ - - M Singapore Singapore Dollar SGD ✓ ✓ - - E Sweden Swedish Krona SEK ✓ ✓ - - M Switzerland Swiss Franc CHF ✓ ✓ - - M United Kingdom British Pound GBP ✓ ✓ - - M United States United States Dollar USD ✓ ✓ - - M Africa Angola Angolan Kwanza AOA ✓* - - - F Benin West African Franc XOF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Botswana Botswana Pula BWP ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Burkina Faso West African Franc XOF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Cameroon Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F C.A.R. Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Chad Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Cote D’Ivoire West African Franc XOF ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ F DR Congo Congolese Franc CDF ✓ - - ✓ F Congo (Republic) Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Egypt Egyptian Pound EGP ✓ ✓ - - F Equatorial Guinea Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Eswatini Swazi Lilangeni SZL ✓ ✓ - - F Ethiopia Ethiopian Birr ETB ✓ ✓ N/A - F 1 Country Currency Code Foreign Exchange RTGS ACH Mobile Payments E/M/F Africa Gabon Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Gambia Gambian Dalasi GMD ✓ - - - F Ghana Ghanaian Cedi GHS ✓ ✓ - ✓ F Guinea Guinean Franc GNF ✓ - ✓ - F Guinea-Bissau West African Franc XOF ✓ ✓ - - F Kenya Kenyan Shilling KES ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ F Lesotho Lesotho Loti LSL ✓ ✓ - - E Liberia Liberian -
View Currency List
Currency List business.westernunion.com.au CURRENCY TT OUTGOING DRAFT OUTGOING FOREIGN CHEQUE INCOMING TT INCOMING CURRENCY TT OUTGOING DRAFT OUTGOING FOREIGN CHEQUE INCOMING TT INCOMING CURRENCY TT OUTGOING DRAFT OUTGOING FOREIGN CHEQUE INCOMING TT INCOMING Africa Asia continued Middle East Algerian Dinar – DZD Laos Kip – LAK Bahrain Dinar – BHD Angola Kwanza – AOA Macau Pataca – MOP Israeli Shekel – ILS Botswana Pula – BWP Malaysian Ringgit – MYR Jordanian Dinar – JOD Burundi Franc – BIF Maldives Rufiyaa – MVR Kuwaiti Dinar – KWD Cape Verde Escudo – CVE Nepal Rupee – NPR Lebanese Pound – LBP Central African States – XOF Pakistan Rupee – PKR Omani Rial – OMR Central African States – XAF Philippine Peso – PHP Qatari Rial – QAR Comoros Franc – KMF Singapore Dollar – SGD Saudi Arabian Riyal – SAR Djibouti Franc – DJF Sri Lanka Rupee – LKR Turkish Lira – TRY Egyptian Pound – EGP Taiwanese Dollar – TWD UAE Dirham – AED Eritrea Nakfa – ERN Thai Baht – THB Yemeni Rial – YER Ethiopia Birr – ETB Uzbekistan Sum – UZS North America Gambian Dalasi – GMD Vietnamese Dong – VND Canadian Dollar – CAD Ghanian Cedi – GHS Oceania Mexican Peso – MXN Guinea Republic Franc – GNF Australian Dollar – AUD United States Dollar – USD Kenyan Shilling – KES Fiji Dollar – FJD South and Central America, The Caribbean Lesotho Malati – LSL New Zealand Dollar – NZD Argentine Peso – ARS Madagascar Ariary – MGA Papua New Guinea Kina – PGK Bahamian Dollar – BSD Malawi Kwacha – MWK Samoan Tala – WST Barbados Dollar – BBD Mauritanian Ouguiya – MRO Solomon Islands Dollar – -
ZIMRA Rates of Exchange for Customs Purposes for Period 24 Dec 2020 To
ZIMRA RATES OF EXCHANGE FOR CUSTOMS PURPOSES FOR THE PERIOD 24 DEC 2020 - 13 JAN 2021 ZWL CURRENCY CODE CROSS RATEZIMRA RATECURRENCY CODE CROSS RATEZIMRA RATE ANGOLA KWANZA AOA 7.9981 0.1250 MALAYSIAN RINGGIT MYR 0.0497 20.1410 ARGENTINE PESO ARS 1.0092 0.9909 MAURITIAN RUPEE MUR 0.4819 2.0753 AUSTRALIAN DOLLAR AUD 0.0162 61.7367 MOROCCAN DIRHAM MAD 0.8994 1.1119 AUSTRIA EUR 0.0100 99.6612 MOZAMBICAN METICAL MZN 0.9115 1.0972 BAHRAINI DINAR BHD 0.0046 217.5176 NAMIBIAN DOLLAR NAD 0.1792 5.5819 BELGIUM EUR 0.0100 99.6612 NETHERLANDS EUR 0.0100 99.6612 BOTSWANA PULA BWP 0.1322 7.5356 NEW ZEALAND DOLLAR NZD 0.0173 57.6680 BRAZILIAN REAL BRL 0.0631 15.8604 NIGERIAN NAIRA NGN 4.7885 0.2088 BRITISH POUND GBP 0.0091 109.5983 NORTH KOREAN WON KPW 11.0048 0.0909 BURUNDIAN FRANC BIF 23.8027 0.0420 NORWEGIAN KRONER NOK 0.1068 9.3633 CANADIAN DOLLAR CAD 0.0158 63.4921 OMANI RIAL OMR 0.0047 212.7090 CHINESE RENMINBI YUANCNY 0.0800 12.5000 PAKISTANI RUPEE PKR 1.9648 0.5090 CUBAN PESO CUP 0.3240 3.0863 POLISH ZLOTY PLN 0.0452 22.1111 CYPRIOT POUND EUR 0.0100 99.6612 PORTUGAL EUR 0.0100 99.6612 CZECH KORUNA CZK 0.2641 3.7860 QATARI RIYAL QAR 0.0445 22.4688 DANISH KRONER DKK 0.0746 13.4048 RUSSIAN RUBLE RUB 0.9287 1.0768 EGYPTIAN POUND EGP 0.1916 5.2192 RWANDAN FRANC RWF 12.0004 0.0833 ETHOPIAN BIRR ETB 0.4792 2.0868 SAUDI ARABIAN RIYAL SAR 0.0459 21.8098 EURO EUR 0.0100 99.6612 SINGAPORE DOLLAR SGD 0.0163 61.2728 FINLAND EUR 0.0100 99.6612 SPAIN EUR 0.0100 99.6612 FRANCE EUR 0.0100 99.6612 SOUTH AFRICAN RAND ZAR 0.1792 5.5819 GERMANY EUR 0.0100 99.6612 -
What Makes the CFA Franc Zone a Special Form of Monetary Integration ?
Articles What Makes the CFA Franc Zone a Special Form of Monetary Integration ? Souleymane NDAO* to the overall stability of their competitive positions. Given that the currency was issued Summary: by supranational central banks and that France experienced a relatively high stability The CFA franc zone is the most notable of the price level throughout the 1980s, the example today of a regime change in which countries of the CFA franc zone managed sovereign countries are united not only to use to achieve discipline and credibility in the the same currency unit, but also to add value implementation of their macroeconomic to that of another monetary unit in a fixed policies. relationship. In some important respects, this In addition, the external guarantee zone differs from other monetary unions, mechanism credits, in the form of overdrafts including emerging unification of the European to operations accounts with France, helped currencies, so the traditional criteria applied mitigate some of the effects of the deterioration to identify the optimal monetary zones are of the positions of net foreign assets. Therefore, not sufficient to assess its performance. if the collective well-being depends primarily on It is indeed difficult by using only traditional price stability and growth, belonging to the area criteria to argue that the African franc zone is a has obviously been beneficial to those countries. natural monetary area: the intraregional trade However, the collective well-being also depends is quite limited, the structure of production -
University of Florida Thesis Or Dissertation Formatting
THE POLITICS OF ELECTORAL REFORM IN FRANCOPHONE WEST AFRICA: THE BIRTH AND CHANGE OF ELECTORAL RULES IN MALI, NIGER, AND SENEGAL By MAMADOU BODIAN A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2016 © 2016 Mamadou Bodian To my late father, Lansana Bodian, for always believing in me ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I want first to thank and express my deepest gratitude to my supervisor, Dr. Leonardo A. Villalón, who has been a great mentor and good friend. He has believed in me and prepared me to get to this place in my academic life. The pursuit of a degree in political science would not be possible without his support. I am also grateful to my committee members: Bryon Moraski, Michael Bernhard, Daniel A. Smith, Lawrence Dodd, and Fiona McLaughlin for generously offering their time, guidance and good will throughout the preparation and review of this work. This dissertation grew in the vibrant intellectual atmosphere provided by the University of Florida. The Department of Political Science and the Center for African Studies have been a friendly workplace. It would be impossible to list the debts to professors, students, friends, and colleagues who have incurred during the long development and the writing of this work. Among those to whom I am most grateful are Aida A. Hozic, Ido Oren, Badredine Arfi, Kevin Funk, Sebastian Sclofsky, Oumar Ba, Lina Benabdallah, Amanda Edgell, and Eric Lake. I am also thankful to fellow Africanists: Emily Hauser, Anna Mwaba, Chesney McOmber, Nic Knowlton, Ashley Leinweber, Steve Lichty, and Ann Wainscott. -
West Africa from Franco CFA to Eco: Economic Issues
ISSN: 2278-3369 International Journal of Advances in Management and Economics Available online at: www.managementjournal.info REVIEW ARTICLE West Africa from Franco CFA to Eco: Economic Issues Palumbo Vincenzo*, Villani Chiara Universita’ di Napoli Federico II Italy. *Corresponding Author Email: [email protected] Abstract: Born 73 years ago, exactly on December 26, 1945, the day France ratified the Bretton Woods agreements, the CFA franc is the currency adopted by 14 African states and for years the subject of controversy at the local level as well as in France itself. For some months the debate has become international and now this often criticized currency will give way to a new common currency called Eco. Keywords: West Africa, Economic issue, Franco CFA. Article Received: 01 Jan 2021 Revised: 24 Jan 2021 Accepted: 15 Feb. 2021 Introduction First of all, we need to take a big step back in single and independent currency it finally time: It was December 1945 when a decree appears to them as a concrete step in the signed by General Charles de Gaulle actually instituted a currency. Thus was born the direction of real autonomy. But the reality is CFA franc, which at the time when Paris more complex and beyond ideological and ratified the Bretton Woods accords meant political positions there is an objective way in Franco of the French colonies of Africa. which it is possible to approach the issue: economic science. Thus a monetary union was born. The 14 nations that are part of it today are in fact CFA: Economic Technicisms between divided into the Economic and Monetary Advantages and Disadvantages Union of West Africa (UEMOA) and the Substantially, the Economic Technical Economic and Monetary Community of Characteristics on Which the CFA Central Africa (CEMAC). -
Demonyms: Names of Nationalities [Demonym Is a Name Given to a People Or Inhabitants of a Place.] Country Demonym* Country Demonym*
17. Useful Tables Th is chapter contains useful tables presented in GPO style. Th e tables display various design features most frequently used in Government publications and can be considered examples of GPO style. U.S. Presidents and Vice Presidents President Years Vice President Years George Washington ....................................... (1789–1797) John Adams .................................................... (1789–1797) John Adams ..................................................... (1797–1801) Th omas Jeff erson ........................................... (1797–1801) Th omas Jeff erson ............................................ (1801–1809) Aaron Burr...................................................... (1801–1805) George Clinton .............................................. (1805–1809) James Madison ................................................ (1809–1817) George Clinton .............................................. (1809–1812) Vacant .............................................................. (1812–1813) Elbridge Gerry ............................................... (1813–1814) Vacant .............................................................. (1814–1817) James Monroe.................................................. (1817–1825) Daniel D. Tompkins ..................................... (1817–1825) John Quincy Adams ...................................... (1825–1829) John C. Calhoun ............................................ (1825–1829) Andrew Jackson .............................................. (1829–1837) -
AGI Markets Monitor: Rising Commodity Prices, Mozambique's
AGI Markets Monitor: Rising commodity prices, Mozambique’s debt crisis, and Nigeria’s parallel exchange market October 2016 update The Africa Growth Initiative (AGI) Markets Monitor aims to provide up-to-date financial market and foreign exchange analysis for Africa watchers with a wide range of economic, business, and financial interests in the continent. Following the May 2016 and July 2016 updates, the October 2016 update continues tracking the diverse performances of African financial and foreign exchange markets through September 30, 2016. We offer our main findings on key recent events influencing the region’s economies: the recent rise of fuel and metal prices, Mozambique’s and Nigeria’s credit rating downgrades, and the fall of the Nigerian naira following the June 2016 implementation of the flexible exchange rate system. Commodity prices continue upward trend From January to September 2016, the International Monetary Fund’s (IMF) all commodity price index increased by 23 percent, especially bolstered by mounting fuel and metals prices, as shown in Figures 1 and 2. According to the IMF’s October 2016 World Economic Outlook, the increases in fuel prices have been driven in large part by rising natural gas prices in the U.S. (due to weather trends), surging coal prices in Australia and South Africa, and gradually increasing crude oil prices, which, after hitting a 10-year low in January 2016, have risen by 50 percent to $45 in August. On September 28, the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) agreed to reduce crude output to between 32.5 to 33 million barrels a day, increasing spot oil prices by $2.5/bbl. -
Standard Settlement Instructions for Foreign Exchange, Money Market and Commercial Payments
Standard Settlement Instructions For Foreign Exchange, Money Market and Commercial Payments CURRENCY CORRESPONDENT BANK S.W.I.F.T ADDRESS Australian Dollar Westpac Banking Corporation WPACAU2S AUD Sydney, Australia Barbados Dollar The Bank of Nova Scotia, Bridgetown NOCSBBBB BBD Barbados Bermudian Dollar The Bank of N. T. Butterfield & Son Ltd. BNTBBMHM BMD Hamilton, Bermuda Bahamian Dollar Scotiabank (Bahamas) Ltd. NOSCBSNS BSD Nassau, Bahamas Belize Dollar Scotiabank (Belize) Ltd., NOSCBZBS BZD Belize City, Belize Canadian Dollar The Bank of Nova Scotia NOSCCATT CAD International Banking Division, Toronto Cyprus Pound Bank of Cyprus Public Company Ltd., BCYPCY2N010 CYP Nicosia, Cyrpus Czech Koruna Ceskolovenska Obchodni Banka A.S. CEKOCZPP CZK Prague Danish Krone Nordea Bank Danmark A/S NDEADKKK DKK Copenhagen, Denmark Euro Deutsche Bank AG DEUTDEFF EUR Frankfurt Fiji Dollar Wetspac Banking Corporation WPACFJFX FJD Suva, Fiji Guyana Dollar The Bank of Nova Scotia, Georgetown, NOSCGYGE GYD Guyana Hong Kong Dollar The Bank of Nova Scotia NOSCHKHH HKD Hong Kong Hungarian Forint MKB Bank ZRT MKKB HU HB HUF Indian Rupee The Bank of Nova Scotia NOSCINBB INR Mumbai Indonesian Rupiah Standard Chartered Bank SCBLIDJX IDR Jakarta, Indonesia Israeli Sheqel Bank Hapaolim BM POALILIT ILS Tel Aviv Jamaican Dollar The Bank of Nova Scotia Jamaica Ltd. NOSCBSNSKIN JMD Kingston, Jamaica Japanese Yen The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd. BOTKJPJT JPY Tokyo Cayman Islands Dollar Scotiabank and Trust (Cayman) Ltd. NOSCKYKX KYD Cayman Islands Malaysian