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Glossary of Lanform and Geologic Terms Part Part 629 – GLOSSARY OF LANDFORM AND GEOLOGIC TERMS Table of Contents PART TITLE PAGE 629.00 Definition and Purpose................................................................................................................ 629-1 629.01 Responsibilities. .......................................................................................................................... 629-1 629.02 Definitions................................................................................................................................... 629-1 (a) Reference Codes..................................................................................................................... 629-1 (b) Clarifying comments included with glossary defintions........................................................ 629-4 (a) Glossary Terms and Definitions............................................................................................. 629-5 629.03 References................................................................................................................................. 629-87 (a) Current references. ............................................................................................................... 629-87 (b) Classic references................................................................................................................. 629-91 Exhibit 629-1 Lists of Landscape, Landform, Microfeature, and Anthropogenic Feature Terms Defined in the Glossary....................................................................................... 629-94 Exhibit 629-2 List of Materials or Material-Related, Structure, or Morphological-Feature Terms Contained in the Glossary. ................................................................................ 629-117 Exhibit 629-3 Genesis - Process Terms and Geologic Time Terms Contained in the Glossary......... 629-120 Exhibit 629-4 North American Glacial Episodes and General Geologic Time Scale......................... 629-122 Exhibit 629-5 Till Terms..................................................................................................................... 629-124 Exhibit 629-6 Pyroclastic Terms......................................................................................................... 629-125 (430-VI-NSSH, 2008) i Part 629 - GLOSSARY OF LANDFORM AND GEOLOGIC TERMS 629.00 Definition and Purpose. This glossary provides the Soil Survey, soil scientists, and natural resource specialists with landform, geologic, and related terms and their definitions to: • Improve soil landscape description with a standard, single source landform and geologic glossary; • Enhance geomorphic content and clarity of soil map unit description by use of accurate, defined terms; • Establish consistent geomorphic term usage in soil science, especially in the NCSS; • Provide standard geomorphic definitions for data bases and soil survey technical publications; and • Train soil scientists and related professionals in soils as landscape and geomorphic entities. 629.01 Responsibilities. This glossary serves as the official National Cooperative Soil Survey (NCSS) reference for landform, geologic, and related terms. The National Soil Survey Center, Lincoln, NE, is responsible for maintaining and updating this glossary. MLRA office soil scientists and National Cooperative Soil Survey participants may, and are encouraged to, propose additions and changes for use in pedeon or soil map unit descriptions and soil survey publications. The Glossary of Geology (AGI, 1997) serves as a major source for many glossary terms. Permission was granted (letters dated 9/11/85 and 9/22/93) to the USDA-Natural Resource Conservation Service (formerly the Soil Conservation Service) by the American Geological Institute (AGI), to use existing definitions. Modifications to original AGI definitions are explained below. 629.02 Definitions. (a) Reference Codes. Sources from which definitions were taken, whole or in part, are identified by a code (e.g. GG) following each definition. Underlined codes (e.g. GG) signify a definition modification form the original source. The reference codes are: BFM Boothroyd, J.C., Friedrich, N.E., and McGinn, S.R. 1985. Geology of microtidal coastal lagoons: Rhode Island. Marine Geology 63:35-76. BHM Buol, S.W., Hole, F.D., McCracken, R.J., and Southard, R.J. 1997. Soil genesis and classification, 4th Ed. Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA; 527p. CC Cowardin, L.M., Carter, V., Golet, F.C., and Laroe, E.T. 1979. Classification of wetlands and deepwater habitats of the United States. US Dept. Interior, US Fish and Wildlife Service, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC. CF Clayton, L. and Freers, T.F. (eds.) 1967. Glacial geology of the Missouri Coteau and adjacent areas. Guidebook 18th annual field conference Midwest Friends of the Pleistocene. North Dakota Geological Survey Miscellaneous Series #30, 170 p. CV Cruden, D.M., and Varnes, D.J. 1996. Landslide types and processes. In: Turner, A.K., and Schuster, R.L., (eds). 1996. Landslides: investigations and mitigation. National Research Council, (430-VI-NSSH, 2008) Part 629 - Glossary of Landform and Geologic Terms 629-2 Transportation Research Board Special Report No. 247; National Academy Press, Washington, DC; 673 p. DV Varnes, D. 1978. Slope movement types and processes. In: Schuster, R.L., and R.J. Krizek. (eds). 1978. Landslides: analysis and control. National Academy Sciences, Transportation Research Board Special Report No. 176; 234 p. FC Freeze, A.L. and Cherry, J.A. 1979. Groundwater. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 604 p. FFP Peterson, F.F. 1981. Landforms of the Basin and Range Province defined for soil survey. Nevada Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin No. 28, Reno, NV. 52p. GG Jackson, J.A. (ed) 1997. Glossary of geology, 4th Ed. American Geological Institute, Alexandria, VA. 769p. ISBN 0-922152-34-9 GG’87 Bates, R.L., and Jackson, J.A. (ed) 1987. Glossary of geology, 3rd Ed. American Geological Institute, Alexandria, VA.788p. DA Davis, R.A. 1994. Barrier island systems - a geologic overview. P. 1-46. In: Davis, R.A. ed.) 1994. Geology of Holocene barrier island systems. Springer-Verlag, New York, NY. DR Ritter, D.F., Kochel, R.C., and Miller, J.R. 1995. Process geomorphology, 3rd ed. Wm. C. Brown, Publishers, Dubuque, IA. FS Fisher, J.J., and Simpson, E.J. 1979. Washover and tidal sedimentation rates as environmental factors in development of a transgressive barrier shoreline; pp.127-148. In: Leatherman, S.P. (ed.) 1979. Barrier islands from the Gulf of St Lawrence to the Gulf of Mexico. Academic Press, New York, NY. GD Demas, G.P. 1998. Subaqueous soil of Sinepuxent Bay, Maryland. PhD dissertation, Department of Natural Resources and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, MD. GHG Gile, L.H., Hawley, J.W., and Grossman, R.B. 1981. Soils and geomorphology in the Basin and Range area of southern New Mexico – Guidebook to the Desert Project. Memoir 39. New Mexico Bureau of Mines & Mineral Resources, Socorro, NM; 222 p. GM Goldthwaite, R.P. and Matsch, C.L. (eds.) 1988. Genetic classification of glaciogenic deposits: final report of the commission on genesis and lithology of glacial Quaternary deposits of the International Union for Quaternary Research (INQUA). A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam; 294 p. GS Green, J., and Short, N.M. 1971. Volcanic landforms and surface features: A photographic atlas and glossary. Springer – Verlag, New York, NY. 519 p. GSST Soil Science Society of America. 2001. Glossary of Soil Science terms. Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI. 135p. HD Holdorf, H. and Donahue, J. 1990. Landforms for soil surveys in the Northern Rockies. Montana Forest and Conservation Experiment Station, School of Forestry, University of Montana, Misc. Publ. No. 51. 26 p. HF Fisk, H.N. 1959. Padre Island and the Laguna Madre flats, coastal south Texas. Louisiana State University, 2nd Coastal Geography Conference; pp. 103-151. HP Hawley, J.W., and Parsons, R.B. 1980. Glossary of selected geomorphic and geologic terms. Mimeo. USDA Soil Conservation Service, West National Technical Center, Portland, OR. 30 p. (430-VI-NSSH, 2008) Part 629 - Glossary of Landform and Geologic Terms 629-3 KST Soil Survey Staff. 1994. Keys to Soil Taxonomy, 6th Ed. USDA - Natural Resources Conservation Service (p.54). MA MacDonald, G.A. and A.T. Abbott. 1970. Volcanoes in the sea, the geology of Hawaii. University of Hawaii Press, 441p. NL Lancaster, N. 1995. Geomorphology of desert dunes. Routledge, New York, NY. 209p. NRC National Research Council of Canada. 1988. Glossary of permafrost and related ground ice terms. Associate Committee Geotechnical Research, Technical Memorandum 142; 156 p RF Fairbridge, R .W. (ed.). Encyclopedia of geomorphology. 1968. Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, vol. 3. Reinhold Book Corporation, New York, NY RD Daniels, Raymond B. (personal communication). RR Ruhe, Robert V. 1975. Geomorphology: Geomorphic processes and surficial geology. Houghton- Mifflin, Boston, MA, 246p. SJ Sugden, D.E. and John, B.S. 1976. Glaciers and landscape, a geomorphological approach. Halsted Press, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, NY, 376 p. SM McGinn, S.R. 1982. Facies distribution of Ninigret Pond. Masters thesis, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI. SS Summer, M.E., and Stewart, B.A. (eds). 1992. Soil crusting in Australia. In: Soil crusting: chemical and physical process. Advances in Soil Science, Lewis Publishing, Boca Raton, FL. SSM Soil Survey Staff.
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