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Of Spain and Portugal ZOOLOGICAL SCIENCE 32 : 507–522 (2015) © 2015 Zoological Society of Japan [REVIEW] A Taxonomic Catalogue of the Nemerteans (Phylum Nemertea) of Spain and Portugal Alfonso Herrera-Bachiller 1, Fernando Ángel Fernández-Álvarez 2, and Juan Junoy 1* 1EU-US Marine Biodiversity Research Group, Instituto Franklin, Universidad de Alcalá and Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain 2 Institut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC), Passeig Maritim, 37-49. 08003 Barcelona, Spain A literature-based taxonomic catalogue of nemerteans (phylum Nemertea) from Spain and Portugal is provided, listing 75 species (12 Palaeonemertea, 24 Pilidiophora, and 39 Hoplonemertea) belong - ing to 34 genera. This is a low species number compared with the approximately 400 species listed in Europe. This lack of knowledge is mainly due to the low number of researchers interested in the phylum and the well-known taxonomic difficulties of its study. Geographic records are indicated for each species, and for some, comments are included on certain biological and taxonomic aspects. Key words: checklist, Spain, Portugal, ribbon worms, Nemertea 1991) and Riseriellus occultus Rogers et al., 1993 (Gibson INTRODUCTION and Junoy, 1991; Junoy and Gibson, 1991; Rogers et al., Misidentification of nemertean species is very common 1993). The number of species has been steadily increasing in marine benthic studies, and many specimens collected since, with the main contribution being the study of the nem - are identified only at the phylum level (Junoy and Herrera- ertean fauna from the Islas Atlánticas de Galicia National Bachiller, 2010). Since the first nemertean species was Park (Junoy and Herrera-Bachiller, 2010). collected off Spain and Portugal, Euborlasia elizabethae (McIntosh, 1874), identification has been problematic. MATERIALS AND METHODS McIntosh’s species description suggests: “An allied species The geographical range of this catalogue encompasses the was dredged by Mr. Jeffreys in the “Porcupine” expedition, land and waters (continental waters and Economic Exclusive Zone) 1870, off Cape Finisterre, at a depth of 80 fathoms” (McIntosh, of Spain and Portugal, including the Iberian Peninsula, the archipel - 1873–1874: 194). Only a few species were added to the agos of Canary Islands, Balearic Islands, Madeira, the Azores and fauna of these two countries before the end of the 19th cen - other minor islands (e.g. Cíes, Chafarinas, Alborán). The present tury (Langerhans, 1880; Bürger, 1895; Richard and Neuville, catalogue of Spanish and Portuguese nemerteans is largely based 1897), whereas neighboring countries constructed more on data obtained from the literature and authors’ records up until the end of 2014. A search for nemertean photographs on websites spe - complete species checklists (e.g. McIntosh, 1873–1874; cialising in natural history has revealed several accounts of nemer - Joubin, 1890, 1894; Bürger, 1895). A list of these early tean species. To increase the knowledge of the distribution of these records of the nemerteans of this area was compiled by species in Spain and Portugal and to make this information avail - Saiz-Salinas (1987). able to the scientific community, these records were collected and During the first half of the 20th century, Iberian records codified as follows: Asturnatura.com (AN), Biodiversidadvirtual.org of nemerteans were mainly related to the freshwater genus (BV), Visualphotos.com (VP), MCZbase (MCZ:IZ), followed by the Prostoma (Margalef, 1946, 1948). The next records of number assigned to each photograph on the website. The photo - marine species did not appear until 1980, when Anadón graphs included from these websites are up to date as of October (1980a) recorded nine species from Northern Spain. The 2014. Additional details from these records can be found in the links number of nemerteans from Spain and Portugal was then provided in Table 1. Additional information and unpublished records by the authors are included. Locality and information of the habitat raised to 48 in subsequent studies by this author and col - (when available) are provided. As phylogenetic studies have consis - leagues (Anadón, 1981a, 1986–1987; Anadón and Lastra, tently shown that many nemertean families are paraphyletic or poly - 1986; Vernet and Anadón, 1991a, b, 1994). An additional phyletic (e.g. Sundberg et al., 2001, 2009; Thollesson and Norenburg, three new species were described and added to the cata - 2003; Schwartz, 2009; Puerta et al., 2010), this taxonomic category logue in the early 1990s: Tetrastemma fozensis Gibson and has not been considered. Junoy, 1991, Cephalothrix oestrymnica (Junoy and Gibson, RESULTS * Corresponding author. Tel. : +34-91-8854920; Fax : +34-91-8855080; Checklist of the Spanish and Portuguese nemerteans E-mail: [email protected] species doi:10.2108/zs140242 This checklist of nemerteans from Spain and Portugal Downloaded From: https://bioone.org/journals/Zoological-Science on 03 Mar 2020 Terms of Use: https://bioone.org/terms-of-use 508 A. Herrera-Bachiller et al. Table 1. List of codes used in the present study and links where the specimen details can be found. Code Species Link Location Amphiporus lactifloreus http://www.biodiversidadvirtual.org/insectarium/Amphiporus- Concha de Artedo beach, BV22979 (Johnston, 1828) lactifloreus-(Johnston-1828)-(2).-cat22979.html Cudillero, Asturias, Spain Amphiporus lactifloreus http://www.asturnatura.com/fotografia/fauna/amphiporus- Los Chalanos beach, Muros AN7254 (Johnston, 1828) lactifloreus/7254.html de Nalón, Asturias, Spain Amphiporus lactifloreus http://www.asturnatura.com/fotografia/fauna-invertebrados/ Concha de Artedo beach, AN9965 (Johnston, 1828) amphiporus-lactifloreus-2/9965.html Cudillero, Asturias, Spain Baseodiscus delineatus http://www.asturnatura.com/fotografia/fauna-invertebrados/ El Rinconín, Gijón, Asturias, AN10514 (Delle Chiaje, 1825) baseodiscus-delineatus-2/10514.html Spain Cephalothrix filiformis http://www.asturnatura.com/fotografia/fauna-invertebrados/ El Castiellu beach, Pendueles, AN11422 (Johnston, 1828) cephalothrix-filiformis-1/11422.html Asturias, Spain Cephalothrix simula http://www.asturnatura.com/fotografia/submarina-fotosub/ Temperán beach, cangas, AN18201 (Iwata, 1952) cephalothrix-simula-3/18201.html Pontevedra, Spain Cerebratulus lacteus http://www.visualphotos.com/image/1x9670542/ VP9670542 Galicia, Spain (Leydi, 1851) nemertea_milky_ribbon-worm_cerebratulus_lacteus Cerebratulus marginatus http://www.asturnatura.com/fotografia/submarina-fotosub/ AN18719 Cangas, Pontevedra, Spain Renier, 1804 cerebratulus-marginatus-1/18719.html Emplectonema echinoderma http://www.asturnatura.com/fotografia/fauna-invertebrados/ Los Chalanos beach, Muros AN10809 (Marion, 1873) emplectonema-echinoderma-2/10809.html de Nalón, Asturias, Spain Emplectonema echinoderma http://www.asturnatura.com/fotografia/fauna-invertebrados/ Cape Vilán, Camariñas, AN11335 (Marion, 1873) emplectonema-echinoderma-1/11335.html A Coruña, Spain Leucocephalonemertes Cabrera, Balearic Islands, MCZ:IZ:132536 http://mczbase.mcz.harvard.edu/guid/MCZ:IZ:132536 aurantiaca (Grube, 1855) Spain Lineus acutifrons Southern, http://www.asturnatura.com/fotografia/fauna-invertebrados/ A Lanzada beach, O Grove, AN13161 1913 lineus-acutifrons/13161.html Pontevedra, Spain Lineus bilineatus http://www.asturnatura.com/fotografia/fauna-invertebrados/ Cape Vilán, Camariñas, AN11454 (Renier, 1804) lineus-bilineatus-2/11454.html A Coruña, Spain Lineus longissimus http://www.biodiversidadvirtual.org/insectarium/lineus- BV156752 Asturias, Spain (Gunnerus, 1770) longissimus.-img156752.html Lineus ruber http://www.asturnatura.com/fotografia/fauna-invertebrados/ Cape Vilán, Camariñas, AN11461 (Müller, 1774) poseidon-ruber-1/11461.html A Coruña, Spain Micrura fasciolata Cabrera, Balearic Islands, MCZ:IZ:45841 http://mczbase.mcz.harvard.edu/guid/MCZ:IZ:45841 Ehrenberg, 1828 Spain Micrura purpurea http://www.asturnatura.com/fotografia/fauna-invertebrados/ Peñarrubia beach, Gijón, AN14030 (Dalyell, 1853) micrura-purpurea-1/14030.html Asturias, Spain Oerstedia dorsalis http://www.asturnatura.com/fotografia/fauna-invertebrados/ Cangas, Pontevedra, AN13814 (Abildgaard, 1806) oerstedia-dorsalis-1/13814.html Spain Prosorhochmus chafarinensi s http://www.asturnatura.com/fotografia/fauna/prosorhochmus- L´illot del Faradell, Cap AN12644 Frutos, Montalvo and Junoy, chafarinensis-1/12644.html de Creus, Girona, Spain 1998 Prosorhochmus claparedii http://www.asturnatura.com/fotografia/fauna-invertebrados/ Las Represas beach, Tapia de AN12621 Keferstein, 1862 prosorhochmus-claparedii-1/12621.html Casariego, Asturias, Spain Prostoma eilhardi Santolea dam, Castellote, MCZ:IZ:135369 http://mczbase.mcz.harvard.edu/guid/MCZ:IZ:135369 (Montgomery, 1894) Teruel, Spain Punnettia splendida http://www.asturnatura.com/fotografia/fauna-invertebrados/ Oia, Pontevedra, AN14201 (Keferstein, 1862) drepanophorus-spectabilis-1/14201.html Spain includes 75 species (12 Palaeonemertea, 24 Pilidiophora, 1879), and one freshwater species Prostoma eilhardi and 39 Hoplonemertea) belonging to 34 genera. The bulk of (Montgomery, 1894). The checklist along with the distribu - the list represents marine benthic species, one of them tion and habitat of the species of the present catalogue are being a commensal of the ascidian, Ciona intestinalis shown in Table 2. (Linnaeus, 1767) ( Vieitezia luzmurubeae Junoy et al., 2010), another a commensal of the bivalve mollusc Scrobicularia Taxonomic catalogue
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