DOCSLIB.ORG

Moral Commitments in Shahnameh

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Moral Commitments in Shahnameh Journal of Social Studies. Vol., 1 (5), 54-57, 2015 Available online at http://www.jssjournal.com ISSN: 2149-3316 ©2015 Moral commitments in Shahnameh Leili Ghare Baghi, Kamran Pashaei Fakhri*, Parvaneh Adelzadeh Department of Persian Literature and Languages, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran *Corresponding Author Email: [email protected] Abstract: The aim of this research was to investigate moral commitment in Shahnameh as component of social capital. Although, Shahnameh is epic but it contains social, sociology, human relations and moral teaching issues and it reflects Iranian society characteristics in details. Firdausi’s rhetoric of elocution and poetics in description, simplicity of speech andeloquence, validity and advantage add on the value of Persian literature. Accuracy and subtlety in description of details have led to consideration of Shahnameh as treasure of Iranian social traditions and customs. Firdausi’s ideology has manifested in the form of eloquent literature besides his social perspectives. This article tries to investigate moral commitments and its components in the unique work of Persian literature and uncover broad meaning and moral commitments in Shahnameh in broad scope. Key words: Moral Commitments, Social Capital, Persian Literature, Firdausi, Shahnameh, Didactic Literature. Introduction Religion is effective component in improvement of the social relationships and in most cases, it leads to attachment and trust among people which strengthens the pillars of social life and its decline causes to collapse of the society foundation and social life. By commitment and responsibility taking among the believers, religion causes to peace, kindness and interest and establishes healthy social and person life. This article tries to investigate different examples of moral commitments in different situations in Shahnameh by referring to some miracles and narratives and also uncover the value of the moral commitments from Firdausi’s perspective by emphasis on different books and also Islamic teachings. Firdausi was knowledgeable in ethics, philosophy and social issues and he has covered different dimensions of social capital. This article examines some examples mentioned in the Shahnameh: Shahnameh begins with praising with God: Wisdom is better than anything that God has created Praising the wisdom is flourished by justice Wisdom is guide and it is solution of the problems The happiness is from him and pain is from him Wisdom helps us in both worlds (Shahnameh, 1989) Thousands years ago before renaissance and birth of Descartes and Walter, Firdausi had praised wisdom. The Iranian poet has adorned wisdom so that the reader is attracted by it. In his great book, he teaches us about human and he narrates the moral story with eloquent speech and invites us to humility and obedience. Undoubtedly, his belief in this fact that humans can live happily and with sympathy and avoid hostility and revenge introduces Firdausi as a great poet. 54 J. Soci. Stud. Vol., 1 (5), 54-57, 2015 Shahnameh narrates many fights in the battlefields which depict the vitality of the disputes and fights. We know the end of the fights between Rustam and Sohrab and the fate of Alexander who wished to establish peace between Iranians and Greek and the death of Dara and wounding of Sohrab. Firdausi refers to religious, racial and social disputes and he has no hostile attitude towards the neighbors and for this reason, the Arabs, Turks and Indians now him the Iranian national poet. From this perspective, it can be said that he is one of the pioneers of peace who believes in prevention of wars by temperance and liberty. In Shahnameh, the championship events as an imagery history of a nation flow in the real contexts and involve characteristics of social, political life and the people beliefs in intellectual and religious affairs. Shahnameh offers an image of Iranian society that depicts the efforts for independence, civilization, ethics and religion and besides them pleasure and philosophical and religious discussion among the heroes. Since, social attitudes in the social capital is attention to the mutual relationship among people, the aim of Firdausiwas considering the humanistic affairs, but since he was not a sociologist, he has not discussed on the subject matter from specialist perspective and he has explained these concepts from poetical perspective. Promise is one of the main subjects in Shahnameh that plays an important role in the events, characters and their fate. This component has been recognized as a religious, moral and social principle in the Indio-European countries. The ancient Iranians were considered Iran as the country of promise (Hilinse, 1996). Promise and loyalty were important in ancient Iran; so that the demon promises at the beginning of the creation and cannot breach it (Amuzgar, 2000). The word of Mitral is meant promise as the goddesses of promise (Razi, 2002). In Avesta, there is a Yashat called the god of sun that reminds his characters and traits and he has broad and wide fields (paragraph: 3, 4, 1 and 5) who offers good life and family to the people (ibid:30) and he is generous and protector of the cattle (Razi, 2002). However, among the characteristics of the god of sun, the faithfulness on promise is one of the main elements of the Mazdisna moral teachings that its great power, the holy magical force has been imagined (Amuzgar, 2000). This god has two duties, he aids the people in the war and supervise on the promises; he aids who obeys him and punishes disobeyers (Doustkhah, 1964). He is advocate of the country that does not breach the promises and destructs the country that breaches the promises (Mirfakhraei, 1988). In the past, the heroes priced faithfulness in the promises more than the kings and champions and they were aware of the end of who breached the promises. We refer to some examples in this regard: The promise of Sam When Sindokht comes to Sam, he asks her to introduce herself and her intent and she demands him to be faithful to his promise and damages her: At first I want you to be faithful Till I am never to be weakened Promise to me neither you nor everybody not damage me I have splendor palace and court That is with treasure and relatives When I am assured, say what you want to say And Sam promises her: Samtook her hands and promised her When Sindokht heard his swear Said the truth and established a relationship Kissed the earth and stood Said her secrets honestly (Shahnameh, 2010) Then Sindokht introduces herself while she is assured and says that she is a relative of Zahhak and the wife of Mehrab and mother of Rudabeh: Now, I have come, what is your purpose? Who is your enemy and friend in Kabul? If we are sinner and evil We are deserved to this kingship Now I am in trouble and powerless besides you Kill me, if you want to kill me and release me if you wish Do not harm on the Kabul innocents Where a miserable man harms you Sam replies that if I lose my life I never breach my promise: 55 J. Soci. Stud. Vol., 1 (5), 54-57, 2015 He replied that I am faithful to my promise Even if I lose my life You and your relatives in Kabul are safe (Shahnameh, 2010) The promise of Rustam When Kaikhosrow is informed about the trouble of Bizhan in Turan asks Rustam to go Turn and recues Bizhan: Now find the solution for Bizhan Since he is trapped in Turan Gather the troops, horses and swords and treasures Take everything you need do let him to be in trouble Rustam emphasize his promise: My mother delivered me for you You have to be happy and calm I hear you order and never breach your promise I come to you eagerly I do what my king orders (Shahnameh, 2010) In ancient religion, the person who breached his promise was punished heavily and some of these punishments are cited in the texts: “I saw a man was punished by spear and axe and stone and I asked his sin and I was told it is the soul of the man who breached his promises” (Afifi, 1963). Faithfulness to promise is important an even in promise to the enemy, faithfulness is the main conditions and this is reflected in Shahnameh. Rustam promises the son of the demon in the war of Mazindaran if he shows him the place of the white demon and the prison of Kaikavous he will offer the governance of Mazindaran: Said him if you will be honest I never kill you (Shahnameh, 2010) If you show the place of the white demon The prison of the Kiakaus The demos said my body has your sings My neck is under your chain Promise me to not breach the Rustam replies that he is faithful and he will offer him the governance of Mazindaran (Shahnameh, 2010) Even the negative characters emphasize on faithfulness to their promises. In the story of Zahhak, the Satan asks him to make promise to not uncover the secrets: Asked him to make promise To not uncover the secrets He accepted and took an oath I never disclose since then what I hear from you Then the Satan says him to kill his father and to become the king and he replies that it is not a correct way and he asks other solution But Satan remind him his promise and the end of the breaching of promise (Shahnameh, 2010) And he accepts his offer. As it was referred the god of sun aids the people in war and being faithful to promises and punishes who breach their promises (Dustkhah, 1965).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Leader Names Two New Deputy Commanders for IRGC
    WWW.TEHRANTIMES.COM I N T E R N A T I O N A L D A I L Y 16 Pages Price 40,000 Rials 1.00 EURO 4.00 AED 39th year No.13391 Saturday MAY 18, 2019 Ordibehesht 28, 1398 Ramadan 12, 1440 Younger generations Will cotton waste stalks Persepolis Iran seeks to screen films must be trusted, accelerate wound lift IPL title for third from Varesh festival in cleric says 3 healing? 11 successive year 15 ECO member states 16 Tehran, Damascus discuss Leader names two new expansion of economic ties TEHRAN — Hassan Danaeifar, the ties between Iran and Syria. advisor to Iran’s first vice president During the meeting, Nadaf stressed and also the chairman of the Iranian the significance of current cooperation deputy commanders for IRGC committee on development of economic between his country and Iran in the relations with Syria and Iraq, and Atef reconstruction projects in Syria, IRNA Nadaf, the Syrian minister of interi- reported on Thursday. See page 3 or trade and consumer protection, met Danaeifar for his part announced Iran’s in Damascus to explore the ways for readiness for more cooperation with Syria expanding and strengthening economic in these projects. 4 Russia, China should take practical measures to save JCPOA: Zarif TEHRAN — Russia and China must “China is an important partner take practical measures if they want to of the Islamic Republic of Iran,” he protect the achievements of the nuclear said. “China is one of the remaining deal, officially called the Joint Com- members to Barjam (JCPOA) and it is prehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), important to hold consultations with Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad the Chinese side, especially with re- said on Friday.
    [Show full text]
  • Art Moderne Et Contemporain Arabe Et Iranien Art Moderne Et Contemporain
    ART MODERNE ET CONTEMPORAIN ARABE ET IRANIEN ART MODERNE ET CONTEMPORAIN PARIS ART MODERNE ET CONTEMPORAIN ARABE ET IRANIEN MAISON DE VENTE AUX ENCHÈRES - AGRÉMENT N° 2001-005 7, Rond-Point des Champs-Élysées – 75008 Paris Tél. : +33 (0)1 42 99 20 20 – Fax : +33 (0)1 42 99 20 21 2009 SAMEDI 24 OCTOBRE PARIS – HÔTEL MARCEL DASSAULT www.artcurial.com – [email protected] SAMEDI 24 OCTOBRE 2009 – 16H30 01706 DÉPARTEMENTS D’ART ART MODERNE BIJOUX DESIGN Violaine de La Brosse-Ferrand Ardavan Ghavami, consultant international Fabien Naudan, directeur associé directeur associé, +33 (0)1 42 99 20 32 +33 (0)1 42 99 16 30 +33 (0)1 42 99 20 19 Bruno Jaubert, spécialiste Thierry Stetten, expert Harold Wilmotte, spécialiste junior +33 (0)1 42 99 20 35 Julie Valade, spécialiste +33 (0)1 42 99 16 24 Nadine Nieszawer, consultant pour les œuvres de +33 (0)1 42 99 16 41 contact : Alma Barthélémy l’École de Paris, 1905-1939 contact : Alexandra Cozon +33 (0)1 42 99 20 48 contacts : Tatiana Ruiz Sanz +33 (0)1 42 99 20 58 +33 (0)1 42 99 20 34 AUTOMOBILES DE COLLECTION MONTRES Jessica Cavalero François Melcion, spécialiste +33 (0)1 42 99 20 08 Romain Réa, expert +33 (0)1 42 99 16 31 Priscilla Spitzer, catalogueur contact : Julie Valade Marc Souvrain, expert +33 (0)1 42 99 20 65 +33 (0)1 42 99 16 41 +33 (0)1 42 99 16 37 Constance Boscher Frédéric Stœsser, consultant CURIOSITÉS, CÉRAMIQUES recherche et authentification +33 (0)1 42 99 16 38 ET HAUTE ÉPOQUE +33 (0)1 42 99 20 37 Wilfrid Leroy-Prost, spécialiste junior Robert Montagut, expert +33 (0)1 42 99 16
    [Show full text]
  • 2004-2011 Contributors In-Kind
    International Society for Children with Cancer We hold you in our highest esteem, and we admire your spirit of helping us help underprivileged children with cancer. Contributors 2004 – 2011 Friends - Up to $999 Dr. Alexander Alam Mr. & Mrs. Sivash Nejad Mr. Behzad Abadi & Ms. Maryam Khosravani Mr. Hisham & Mrs. Afsaneh Alameddine Mr. Alireza & Mrs. Arezoo Abaye Ms. Zina Alavi Ms. Leyla Abazari Mr. Farid Alavi & Ms. Marjan Khalitchi Mrs. Parvin Abazari Ms. Susan Alavi Sullins Ms. Besma Abbaoui Ms. F Alavi-Maroufkhani Mr. Reza Abbasi Mr. Mehran & Mrs. Mehrzad Alemi Ms. Yasaman Abbasi Mr. Shahrokh & Mrs. Afshan Alemi Mrs. Mojdeh Abbasian Ms. Homa Alemzadeh Ms. Freshteh Abbassi Mr. Sasha Aliabadi Ms. Yasaman Abbassi Ms. Diana Aliabadi Ms. Seddighe Abdollahi Mr. Sasan Aliabadi F & N Abdollahi Family Trust Mr. Javad & Mrs. Soheila Aliabadi Ms. Hoora Abdolreza & Mr. Seyd Afshean Hessam Mr. Farshad & Mrs. Farahnaz Alikhani Mrs. Abedini Mr. Russell & Mrs. Sonia Alimagham Mr. Bizhan Abedinzadeh & Ms. Hehieh Parsa Pasir Marylinn`s Couture Bridal of Pasadena Ms. Mina Abhari Mr. Mohammad Alipour Jeddi & Ms. Shiva Kolahi Mr. Sherwin & Mrs. Roya Abidi Ms. Sholeh Alizadeh Ms. Neda Abolfathi Mr. Ali Alizadeh Mr. Faramarz Abolghassem Ms. Effat M. Allahyari Mr. Ruben & Mrs. Azita Abrams Ms. Tala Altoontash Ms. Farah Abri Mr. Andrew Ahmadi Mr. Shahram Abyari Ambiance Design Consultants, Inc. Action Carpet & Floor Decor Ms. Sheri Ameri Ms. Bita Adelfahmideh Mr. Farrokh & Mrs. Marie Ameri Ms. Sepideh Adhami Ms. Farahnaz Amid Ms. Kat Adibi Ms. Fali Amin Dr. Bijan Afar Ms. Parvaneh Amin Mr. Sam Afghani Mr. Jahanfar Amin Ms. Ladan Afshar Mr. Hamid Reza Shafipour & Ms.
    [Show full text]
  • The Shahname of Firdowsi
    The Shahname of Firdowsi The Shahname of Firdowsi by Iraj Bashiri copyright, Bashiri 1993, 2003 and 2008 Introduction The conflict between the present-day Uzbeks and their Tajik neighbors that is at times inflamed has a long and multi-faceted history. On the one hand, it is related to the ancient history of the two peoples, when the Turks, arriving in Central Asia from the confines of Mongolia, overthrew Iranian rule, including Tajik rule. And, on the other hand, it is related to the resilience of the Tajik culture and the ability of the Tajiks to retain their authority in spite of the might of the Turkish sultans and amirs. In recent decades, especially after the fall of the Soviet Union, the Turks revived Pan-Turkism, once again denying the Tajiks their identity. In this regard, they often cite Afrasiyab from the epic of Firdowsi, as the eponymous ancestor of the Turks. This claim presents several difficulties. First, both in the ancient Iranian texts and in Firdowsi's Shahname, Afrasiyab is a mythical character. He is not the real-world king that, for instance, al-Tabari would like us to believe.[1] Secondly, within the myth, he is a Turanian who has lost his farr (kingly glory) and seeks to restore it. This means that the Turanians of the Shahname are of Iranian stock. Thirdly, a review of the Orkhon inscriptions and life on the steppe indicates that neither the Turanians nor the Iranians of the Shahname share the öz (real) Turk cultural heritage of which the Turks are proud.
    [Show full text]
  • Download 2018 Nowruz Program Book (PDF)
    12:00 PM - 5:00 PM OUTDOOR PERFORMANCES Grand Haft Sîn Display Thank you... DICKSON COURT NORTH DICKSON COURT - NORTH STAGE 2:15 PM SPECIAL THANKS & NOWRUZ COMMITTEE Children & Youth Programs Mamak Khadem Storytelling, Calligraphy, Face Painting, & Džambo Aguševi Orchestra ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Hormoz Ameri – Chair Aurian Khajehnouri Neda Rouhani Photo Booth, Arts & Crafts Fariba Ameri Nooshin Meshkaty Katy Saei DICKSON COURT SOUTH 12:30, 4:00, 4:50 PM GERARDO GALEANO, ANTHONY JONES, CHRISTINA MONTANO, Kaori Dadgostar Shahrzad Morshed Sheila Salamat JENNIFER PARKER, PATRICK TRAYLOR, and the ENTIRE TEAM AT Ali Fakhari Ladan Nejad Dokhy Satrap Djanbazian Dance Company ROYCE HALL & UCLA for their collaboration and support on the Haleh Gabbay Ali C. Razi Shadi Sed Saaz o Dohol Musicians Nowruz Celebrations. Ahmad Gramian Farah Rezvan Shideh Shahraies Rubik Harutyunyan & Gevorg Rostomyan 1:45, 3:30 PM FARIBA AMERI, KAORI DADGOSTAR, HALEH GABBAY, CAROL IZAD, Latifeh Hagigi Mojgan Roohani Mandana Soleimani Daneshvar Children’s Ensemble KATY SAEI, SHADI SED, SHIDEH SHAHRAIES, NOOSHIN MESHKATY, Carol Izad Guity Rouhani Traditional Persian Dancers and MANDANA SOLEIMANI for their commitment to the NOWRUZ Firuze Dance Troupe 1:00, 4:20 PM SPRING WALK. OUR VOLUNTEERS Arezoo Koochekan’s LA Daf Ensemble EVENTS BY SHIDEH and SHIDEH SHAHRAIES for designing the beautiful Behnam Ahrari Tara Hekmati Daniel Partiyeli Persian Tea House Haft Sîn display. Iman Alamdari Borna Houman Neda Peiravian DICKSON COURT NORTH DICKSON COURT - SOUTH STAGE Hosein Amanpour Ehsan Jafari Banafsheh 12:10, 1:30, 2:45 PM THE AUDIO VISUAL TEAM AT ROYCE HALL for their professionalism Ghazaleh Ansari Shahriar Jahanbakhsh Pourzangiabadi Nowruz: the Story of Beauty & Patience and teamwork.
    [Show full text]
  • Fezana Journal
    FEZ18-fall-06.ai 11/13/2006 8:16:23 AM FEZANA JOURNAL FALL 2006, PAIZ 1375 YZ Mah Meher-Avan-Adar 1375 (Fasli) Mah Ardibehest-Khordad-Tir 1376 (Shenshai) Mah Khordad-Tir-Amardad 1376 (Kadmi) G FALL 2006 FALL FEZANA in North America Also Inside: CELEBRATING A SEASON OF PEACE ZARATHUSHTIS JOIN UNITY WALK IN D.C. ZARATHUSHTIS AT WORLD GUJARATI CONFERENCE HOUSTON HAPPENINGS PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF ZOROASTRIAN ASSOCIATIONS OF NORTH AMERICA FEZANA JOURNAL Vol 19 No 3 FALL 2006 TABESTAN 1375 YZ www.fezana.org 3 EDITORIAL 59 AROUND THE WORLD Dolly Dastoor 50 years of Dasturship - 5 FEZANA UPDATES Dastur Jamasp Asa FINANCIAL REPORT Mehergan Celebrations in Iran CRITICALLY SPEAKING Pallonji Shapoorji Home for Seniors 8 CALENDAR OF FESTIVALS 64 INTERFAITH /INTERALIA 9 COMING EVENTS FEZENA NGO delegates at UN 10 ROLE OF FEZANA IN N. New York City Events AMERICA Unity Walk, Washington DC Rustom Kevala President World's Religions after Sept 11 Creating a Season of Peace 18 SCHOLARSHIPS World Gujarati Conference 2006 2006 Winners Zarathushti Youth with a Social 21 OUR FEDERATION Conscience Dinaz Kutar Rogers Zarathushti Youth without Borders 23 Z SPORTS COMMITTEE 81 SOCIAL JUSTICE NETWORK Bijan Khosraviani Read 82 YOUTH FULLY SPEAKING 27 VOLUNTEER VOICES Nikan Khatibi, Farah Minwalla Freyaz Shroff Unlock the Future 32 NEWS FROM ASSOCIATIONS 85 READERS FORUM 38 HOUSTON HAPPENINGS - 88 LAUGH AND BE MERRY Seminar Rashna Writer 89 STORIES FROM THE Sarosh Manekshaw SHAHNAMEH 43 EVENTS AND HONOURS Rustam and Tahmineh - Send a gift subscription to family and friends Send a gift Shazneen Rabadi Gandhi Ava J.
    [Show full text]
  • {PDF EPUB} ??? ????? by Arman Arian
    by Arman Arian ﮐﺎخ اژدھﺎ {Read Ebook {PDF EPUB Arman Arian. Arman Arian was born on 1 November, 1981 in Tehran, Iran, is an Iranian author, novelist and researcher. Discover Arman Arian's Biography, Age, Height, Physical Stats, Dating/Affairs, Family and career updates. Learn How rich is He in this year and how He spends money? Also learn how He earned most of networth at the age of 39 years old? Popular As N/A Occupation N/A Age 39 years old Zodiac Sign Scorpio Born 1 November 1981 Birthday 1 November Birthplace Tehran, Iran Nationality Iran. We recommend you to check the complete list of Famous People born on 1 November. He is a member of famous Researcher with the age 39 years old group. Arman Arian Height, Weight & Measurements. At 39 years old, Arman Arian height not available right now. We will update Arman Arian's Height, weight, Body Measurements, Eye Color, Hair Color, Shoe & Dress size soon as possible. Physical Status Height Not Available Weight Not Available Body Measurements Not Available Eye Color Not Available Hair Color Not Available. Dating & Relationship status. He is currently single. He is not dating anyone. We don't have much information about He's past relationship and any previous engaged. According to our Database, He has no children. Family Parents Not Available Wife Not Available Sibling Not Available Children Not Available. Arman Arian Net Worth. His net worth has been growing significantly in 2019-2020. So, how much is Arman Arian worth at the age of 39 years old? Arman Arian’s income source is mostly from being a successful Researcher.
    [Show full text]
  • Shahnameh and Later Persian Epics1
    1. 2. Wrestling in the SHAHNAMEH and Later Persian Epics1 H.E. Chehabi n a recent essay, Gabrielle van den Berg writes: “the most famous episode in the Shahnameh is no doubt that of Rostam and Sohrab: and more specifically, the culmination of this story, in which Sohrab I 2 is killed by his father Rostam.” This filicide concludes a single combat referred to in the book as koshti, a word that means “wrestling” in New Persian. The association of wrestling, arguably Iran’s national (but not most popular) sport, with Ferdowsi’s Book of Kings is therefore an ancient and enduring one. In fact, the earliest written occurrence of the word koshti may very well be in the Shahnameh. In this essay I shall begin by discussing the pre-Islamic context of the practice of wrestling, as well as the etymology of the word koshti. I shall demonstrate that iconographic, literary, and philological evidence all point to a Parthian origin for Iran’s wrestling heritage. I will then discuss the six Shahnameh episodes that involve wrestling, and go on to examine references to wrestling in some of the other works that constitute Iran’s epic tradition. I end with a discussion of the interplay between poetry and practice. 1. I should like to thank Jennifer Berry, Vesta Curtis, Olga Davidson, Mas- sumeh Farhad, Shahrzad Ghobadlou, James Kohler, Brady Langmann, Ludwig Paul, Nahid Pirnazar, Parvaneh Pourshariati, Philippe Rochard, Mira Xenia Schwerda, Asghar Seyed-Ghorab, Sunil Sharma, and Josef Wiesehöfer for their help. 2. G.R. van den Berg, “The Ring as a Token in the Barzū-nāma: On the Importance of Lineage and Origin,” in Metaphor and Imagery in Persian Poetry, ed.
    [Show full text]
  • FEZANA Supports the SDG #10 of the United Nations
    JOURN AL Contents 2 EDITORIAL Nations DGC NGO Civil Society Goal # 14: Life Below Water Conference Conservation of Oceans DOLLY DASTOOR ◆ BioData 3 MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT 75 IN THE NEWS HOMI GANDHI ◆ Rad-Aid Volunteer Expedition To Nepal 96 PERSONAL PROFILE 4 FEZANA UPDATES ◆ FEZANA Supports ,5,8,9,10 11 33 HUMANITARIAN ACTIVITIES SDG goals of United Nations FEZANA Journal AROUND THE WORLD Vol 33, No 4 ISSN 1068-2376 Editor in Chief: Dolly Dastoor edItor(@)fezana.org Graphic & Layout: Shahrokh Khanizadeh www.khanizadeh.info 98 BETWEEN THE COVERS Technical Assistant: Coomie Gazdar Consultant Editor: Lylah M. Alphonse lmalphonse(@)gmail.com ◆ Bringing Joy Into The Lives Language Editor: Of Disadvantaged Adults In Douglas Lange Orlando A Monthly “Behram Roj” Deenaz Coachbuilder Outreach By Dinyar Mehta And Community Volunteers Cover Design: ◆ Feroza Fitch The Hospital and Rehabilitation ◆ Center for Disabled Children Fezana Supports The SDG #10 ffitch(@)lexicongraphics.com Of The United Nations ◆ Publications Chair: Can Entrepreneurship Be the ◆ Solution in Creating a Model Fighting Poverty Since 1991 Behram Pastakia Adapted From WZOTF Report bpastakia(@)aol.com to Promote a Global South- South Model of Sustainable ◆ Development for the UN to Bel-Air Panchgani – A Lamp On Marketing Manager: Consider? The Pedestal Nawaz Merchant MILESTONES [email protected] ◆ th 100 ◆ A Brief Report On Panel Envirofaith At 10 World Discussion After Showcasing Assembly 102 LIST OF ASSOCIATIONS Copy Editors: HRDC In The North-South- Yasmin Pavri ◆ Lions In Sight Vahishta Canteenwalla South Sustainable Development Dialogue At The 68 th United Nazneen Khumbatta ◆ FEZANA Supports Sustainable Subscription Managers: Dilnavaz Irani (cover) with Mani Rao, Behnoosh Sethna together with over 4000 volunteers packed Arnavaz Sethna 500,000 meals for children over the span of the Conference.
    [Show full text]
  • Anthropological Analysis of Mourning and Burial Ceremonies in Ferdowsi Shahnameh
    J. Basic. Appl. Sci. Res., 2(12)13139-13143, 2012 ISSN 2090-4304 Journal of Basic and Applied © 2012, TextRoad Publication Scientific Research www.textroad.com Anthropological Analysis of Mourning and Burial Ceremonies in Ferdowsi Shahnameh Shahla Hassani Kalhori Technical College Girls Teacher Training College in Tehran Dr Shariati ABSTRACT The book of Ferdowsi Shahnameh is not only most comprehensive collection of Persian poem, but also most important document of value and identification of Iranian people. Stories and national, historical and epical customs of Iranian tribes have been mentioned in possible best form. The writings that you observe are a product of research about mourning and burial ceremonies in anthropological viewpoint in Ferdowsi Shahnameh and the aim of this research is to how to define and describe mourning and burial ceremonies of Ferdowsi, Iranian epic poets in Shahnameh. KEYWORDS: Shahnameh, Ferdowsi, mourning, burial ceremonies, customs. INTRODUCTION From written works of Iranian ancestors, there is no a writing more important than Ferdowsi Shahnameh and eternal effect of Shahnameh in recognizing Iranian customs in mourning and burial ceremonies. The subject of Shahnameh in Iran history is from beginning Iranian race to down falling Sasanid Empire by Arabs. Shahnameh is a manifestation of national spirit of Iranians, but the importance of this book is not merely to national epic poem. This effect from anthropological viewpoint is a boundless treasure of Iranian customs and shows the diagram of culture and identification of people. The tragedies of Ferdowsi Shahnameh are considered as most sorrowful text of mourning with epic content and legendry root. First mourning of Shahnameh is mourning of Kiomars for death ofSiamak.
    [Show full text]
  • REZA-THESIS.Pdf (695.2Kb)
    Copyright by Carmen Amrina Reza 2011 The Thesis Committee for Carmen Amrina Reza Certifies that this is the approved version of the following thesis: Culture Shock, Trauma, Exile, and Nostalgia in Iranian-American Literature APPROVED BY SUPERVISING COMMITTEE: Supervisor: Mohammed Reza Ghanoonparvar Faegheh Shirazi Culture Shock, Trauma, Exile, and Nostalgia in Iranian-American Literature by Carmen Amrina Reza, B.A. Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts The University of Texas at Austin May 2011 Dedication I dedicate this thesis, research, and graduate work to my late grandfather, L.V. Bryant, who was not able to see me graduate with my Bachelor‟s degree, nor my Master‟s degree. Despite this, he has been one of my inspirations, and I know that he is proud of me right now. I also dedicate this thesis to my grandfather and grandmother Dadi and Dadu, who never got to see me graduate from high school or college. It is to my late grandparents that I dedicate this thesis, wishing that they could see me graduate and move on to another stage in my life. Acknowledgements I acknowledge the support of my friends and family both in Austin and Dallas, but also in other parts of the U.S. and abroad. I also want to acknowledge both Dr. Faegheh Shirazi and Dr. M.R. Ghanoonparvar for their support and suggestions for not only the writing stage of my thesis, but also during my graduate studies.
    [Show full text]
  • Perceptions of Blood in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh Clare Parry 2020
    A Bloody World: Perceptions of Blood in Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh Clare Parry 2020 Cardiff University Clare Parry 2020 Contents Acknowledgements 2 Introduction 3 I. Blood, Sacrifice and Martyrdom 5 II. Blood and Nature 13 III. Blood and the Soul 19 IV. Blood on the Battlefield 23 V. Gendered Blood 27 Conclusion 32 Bibliography 34 Appendix 45 1 Clare Parry 2020 Acknowledgments I wish to express my deepest gratitude to my supervisor, Professor Lloyd Llewellyn- Jones, for introducing me to Shahnameh and his constant encouragement and guidance – thank you for your support and understanding throughout my degree. I would like to recognise the Ancient History Department of Cardiff University for their interest and questions in this subject, enabling me to explore other facets of the material. They have created a welcoming community for discussion and engagement, enabling all students to explore new topics such as this dissertation. Beyond the invaluable academic support I have received, I have people to thank for listening to me in the last year. To my parents, Rob and Ali, for their never-ending support and belief. To my friends and peers, Jessica Peto and Cameron Wallis, for pushing me to be my best and taking an interest in my work. 2 Clare Parry 2020 Introduction “The plain was like an Oxus of blood, a mass of severed heads and toppled warriors.”1 This brutal imagery is just one of four-hundred-and-twelve references to blood in Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh. This epic is a seminal work in the literature of the Ancient Near East and is the “chief source whence the Persians derive their ideas as to the ancient history of their nation”.2 Beyond the beauty of the text, with its magnificent stories and wonderful images, lies a dark and gruesome root – blood.
    [Show full text]