DOCSLIB.ORG

Tailoring of Electromagnetic Field Localizations by Two-Dimensional

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Tailoring of Electromagnetic Field Localizations by Two-Dimensional Light: Science & Applications (2017) 6, e17057; doi:10.1038/lsa.2017.57 OPEN Official journal of the CIOMP 2047-7538/17 www.nature.com/lsa ORIGINAL ARTICLE Tailoring of electromagnetic field localizations by two- dimensional graphene nanostructures Ze-Bo Zheng1,2, Jun-Tao Li2, Teng Ma3, Han-Lin Fang2, Wen-Cai Ren3, Jun Chen1, Jun-Cong She1, Yu Zhang1, Fei Liu1, Huan-Jun Chen1, Shao-Zhi Deng1 and Ning-Sheng Xu1 Graphene has great potential for enhancing light − matter interactions in a two-dimensional regime due to surface plasmons with low loss and strong light confinement. Further utilization of graphene in nanophotonics relies on the precise control of light loca- lization properties. Here, we demonstrate the tailoring of electromagnetic field localizations in the mid-infrared region by pre- cisely shaping the graphene into nanostructures with different geometries. We generalize the phenomenological cavity model and employ nanoimaging techniques to quantitatively calculate and experimentally visualize the two-dimensional electromagnetic field distributions within the nanostructures, which indicate that the electromagnetic field can be shaped into specific patterns depending on the shapes and sizes of the nanostructures. Furthermore, we show that the light localization performance can be further improved by reducing the sizes of the nanostructures, where a lateral confinement of λ0/180 of the incidence light can be achieved. The electromagnetic field localizations within a nanostructure with a specific geometry can also be modulated by chemical doping. Our strategies can, in principle, be generalized to other two-dimensional materials, therefore providing new degrees of freedom for designing nanophotonic components capable of tailoring two-dimensional light confinement over a broad wavelength range. Light: Science & Applications (2017) 6, e17057; doi:10.1038/lsa.2017.57; published online 6 October 2017 Keywords: chemical doping; electromagnetic field localizations; graphene; graphene nanostructures; graphene plasmons INTRODUCTION One of the most intriguing merits of graphene is that the plasmon- When the sizes of the devices approach the nanoscale, focusing and related characteristics are amenable to wide-range tuning by adjusting manipulating light becomes a great challenge in both scientific the charge carrier density, surrounding dielectric environment and the – research and industrial manufacturing. Nanostructure sustaining geometries of the graphene flakes12,13,15,22 24. In particular, structuring surface plasmons (SP) have been demonstrated to be excellent the graphene monolayer into flakes with nanometer sizes can lead to candidates for confining the light field at the nanoscale1,2.Themost optical near-fields with specific spatial distributions, whereby the 25–27 involved plasmonic materials include metal nanostructures and electromagnetic field will experience further confinements .How- highly doped semiconducting nanostructures, which exhibit SP ever, most of the reported graphene nanostructures are either formed resonances ranging from ultraviolet to near-infrared regions3–7.For adventitiously during mechanical exfoliation or fabricated with limited 26–30 fi remote, non-destructive and highly sensitive detection and ima- geometries , which limit the tunability of electromagnetic eld ging, the operation wavelengths of the SP are preferred to be in the localizations while preventing elucidation of the relationship between fi mid-infrared or terahertz regions8–10. Graphene with atomic the light eld localizations and geometries of the graphene nanos- tructures. The latter is associated with a more general topic that thickness has been shown to support strong SP in these – remains elusive, the electromagnetic field localization behaviors and regions11 15. The collective oscillations of the Dirac fermions can related mechanisms in two-dimensional nanostructures of atomic induce strong graphene SP with long lifetimes, which are able to thicknesses. realize extremely spatial confinement of the electromagnetic field in Here, from both the theoretical and experimental perspectives, we a broad band. These exceptional characteristics have made gra- explored tailoring of the electromagnetic field localizations in the mid- phene an outstanding platform for light focusing and manipulation infrared region using monolayers of graphene two-dimensional 14,15 fi in the two-dimensional regime , which can bene t applications nanostructures of different shapes and sizes. We generalized the 16,17 17–20 in optical communication , sensing and detection and phenomenological cavity model31 to visualize the electromagnetic 21 imaging . field distributions within the graphene nanostructures. The theoretical 1State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Guangzhou 510275, China; 2State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China and 3Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China Correspondence: HJ Chen, Email: [email protected]; SZ Deng, Email: [email protected]; NS Xu, Email: [email protected] Received 14 November 2016; revised 24 March 2017; accepted 28 March 2017; accepted article preview online 31 March 2017 Graphene nanostructure optical field localization ZB Zheng et al 2 predictions were corroborated by mapping the electromagnetic field graphene ribbons12,13,26. Alternatively, more SP reflectors can be distributions within the various graphene nanostructures using a generated by intentionally increasing the number of boundaries to nanoimaging technique. We further demonstrated that the localiza- form nanostructures, whereby back-and-forth reflections of the SP tions of the light field could be modulated with chemical doping of the waves in different directions can be realized and complex inter- graphene nanostructures. Our results can provide guidelines for the ference patterns can form (Figure 1b–1g). Furthermore, the design of graphene nanostructures with superior light focusing interference patterns can be tuned by adjusting the propagation capabilities, and help elucidate the SP mechanisms and therewith lengths of the SP waves by controlling the sizes of the nanos- the dynamics of the Dirac fermions in the graphene nanostructures. tructures with fixed shapes. In these regards, one can tailor the localizations of the electromagnetic field by precisely modifying the MATERIALS AND METHODS geometries of the graphene nanostructures. Fabrication of graphene nanostructures To verify the aforementioned principles, we performed theoretical Single-crystalline monolayer graphene was grown on 180-μmthick calculations of the SP interference patterns in graphene nanostructures Pt foils (99.9 wt% metal basis, 10 × 20 mm) using the ambient- with different boundaries. The calculations were based on a phenom- pressure chemical vapor deposition method32.Theflow rate of the enological cavity model31 that was generalized in our study to consider reaction gas and reaction temperature were finely controlled to obtain multiple boundaries in the nanostructures. The graphene SP waves single-crystalline graphene flakes with a domain size of ~ 400 μm. The were launched by a metal tip from an AFM (Figure 2a). The plasmon graphene was transferred onto a silicon substrate with a 290-nm oxide waves within the graphene nanostructures were the sum of the tip- layer using the electrochemical bubbling transfer method33.There- launched plasmon wave and those reflected from the boundaries after, graphene nanostructures of different shapes and sizes were (Supplementary Fig. S1), fabricated using high-resolution electron beam lithography combined X c ¼ c~ þ c~ ð Þ with soft O2-ion etching. The plasma etching duration was 1.5 min. sp;0 sp;j 1 The polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) resist was removed in acetone, j ~ which was followed by annealing the graphene samples in an Ar/H2 where csp;0 is the tip-launched plasmon wave, and the waves atmosphere (150/350 sccm) at 450 °C for 2 h to remove any organic reflected by theno boundaries can be described as ~ ~ 4p residues. c ; ¼ R ´ c ; exp À r g þ i .ParametersR , γ and r sp j j sp 0 lsp j sp j sp j describe the reflection coefficient, plasmon damping rate and distance Chemical doping of the graphene nanostructures between the graphene edge and AFM tip, respectively. The interference Chemical doping was conducted by exposing the graphene nanos- patterns are associated with |ψ|. To simplify the analysis, in the fi ~ λ γ tructures to HNO3 vapor (68% in volume). The sample was calculations, we xed csp;0, sp and sp as 1, 200 nm and 0.205, positioned so that the graphene was exposed to the acid vapor. The respectively. The plasmon wavelength of 200 nm corresponds to a separation between the HNO3 solution and sample surface was Fermi energy (EF) of 0.405 eV. One should note that choosing ~ 5 cm. The doping process lasted for more than 12 h to ensure the different values for these parameters only modifies the fine details of uniform adsorption of HNO3 onto the graphene surface. the results, whereas the underlying physics will not be affected. The calculated result for a 600-nm wide (3λsp)nanoribbonwas Nanoimaging of the graphene nanostructures given in Figure 2b, which exhibited two bright fringes close to the Nanoimaging was conducted using a scattering-type
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Enhancing the Resolution of Imaging Systems by Spatial Spectrum Manipulation
    Michigan Technological University Digital Commons @ Michigan Tech Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports 2019 Enhancing the Resolution of Imaging Systems by Spatial Spectrum Manipulation Wyatt Adams Michigan Technological University, [email protected] Copyright 2019 Wyatt Adams Recommended Citation Adams, Wyatt, "Enhancing the Resolution of Imaging Systems by Spatial Spectrum Manipulation", Open Access Dissertation, Michigan Technological University, 2019. https://doi.org/10.37099/mtu.dc.etdr/861 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr Part of the Electromagnetics and Photonics Commons ENHANCING THE RESOLUTION OF IMAGING SYSTEMS BY SPATIAL SPECTRUM MANIPULATION By Wyatt Adams A DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In Electrical Engineering MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY 2019 © 2019 Wyatt Adams This dissertation has been approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Electrical Engineering. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Dissertation Advisor: Dr. Durdu G¨uney Committee Member: Dr. Paul Bergstrom Committee Member: Dr. Christopher Middlebrook Committee Member: Dr. Miguel Levy Department Chair: Dr. Glen Archer Dedication To my parents for their love, guidance, and wisdom. Contents Preface ...................................... xi Acknowledgments ............................... xv Abstract ..................................... xvii 1 Introduction ................................
    [Show full text]
  • Technological Change 2013-2016 Change Technological Publication of the Committee for the Future 2/2016
    technological change 2013-2016 publication of the committee for the future 2/2016 technological change 2013-2016 Preliminary investigation of the development of radical technologies after the 2013 review 2/2016 isbn 978-951-53-3616-3 (paperback) • isbn 978-951-53-3617-0 (pdf) issn 2342-6594 (printed) • issn 2342-6608 (web) TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE 2013–2016 Preliminary investigation: Development of radical technologies after the review in 2013 (100 Opportunities For Finland And The World, Publication Of The Committee For The Future 11/2014) Risto Linturi publication of the committee for the future 2/2016 Cover: freeimageslive.com Back cover: Part of the Artwork Tulevaisuus, Väinö Aaltonen (1932), photo Vesa Lindqvist. Committee for the Future FI-00102 Parliament of Finland www.parliament.fi Helsinki 2016 ISBN 978-951-53-3616-3 (paperback) ISBN 978-951-53-3617-0 (PDF) ISSN 2342-6594 (printed) ISSN 2342-6608 (web) Contents Foreword ......................................................................................................................... 5 1 Introduction, summary of observations and recommendations ................................ 8 1.1 A Hundred New Opportunities for Finland: Radical Technological Solutions ...... 8 1.2 Crowdsourcing after the publication of TuVRad9/2013 and acknowledgements ..................................................................................................... 9 1.3 Objectives of the preliminary investigation ...................................................... 11 1.4 The fastest-progressing baskets in the TuvRad9/2013 Top 25 category .......... 12 1.5 The fastest-progressing baskets in the TuVRad9/2016 Top 26–100 category . 13 1.6 New baskets and fields of technology that are proposed for monitoring ........ 14 1.7 Structural improvements to the report ............................................................ 15 1.8 Regional and international application of the four-level model ....................... 16 1.9 Interactive updating of the report with the help of database .........................
    [Show full text]
  • Research Impact March 2017 Swinburne in Numbers
    research.swinburne.edu.au RESEARCH MARCH 2017 SWINBURNE RESEARCH IMPACT RESEARCH SWINBURNE IMPACT NET EQUITY Empowerment through digital connection QUANTUM CONDITIONER Combing through entangled photons LEADING GALACTIC DOPPELGANGERS Nearby galaxies solve MARCH 2017 LIGHT distant mysteries Baohua Jia’s big-picture VOICE OF REASON science at the nanoscale Delving into schizophrenia RESEARCH IMPACT PHONE: +61 3 9214 5552 WEB: www.research.swinburne.edu.au FACEBOOK: www.facebook.com/swinburneuniversityoftechnology TWITTER: www.twitter.com/Swinburne EMAIL: [email protected] ADMINISTRATION Research and editorial enquiries Ryan Wendt - Senior Manager, Research Information Services tel: +61 3 9214 5552 | email: [email protected] Industry engagement enquiries Jane Ward – Director, Collaborations and Partnerships tel: +61 3 9214 8626 | email: [email protected] Swinburne Alumni Jasmine Groves – Associate Director, Alumni Engagement tel: +61 3 9214 3777 | email: [email protected] ABOUT THIS MAGAZINE Swinburne Research Impact is published for Swinburne University of Technology by the Partnership and Custom Media unit of Nature Research, part of Springer Nature. Level 25, 1 Market Street, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia. Copyright © Swinburne University of Technology. All rights reserved. The information in this publication was correct at the time of going to press. March 2017. The views expressed by contributors in this publication are not necessarily those of Swinburne University of Technology. ABOUT SWINBURNE RESEARCH Swinburne University of Technology is an internationally recognised research-intensive university that is focused on delivering research that creates economic and social impact. Our researchers are pro- ducing innovative research solutions to real-world problems across a range of disciplines and sectors.
    [Show full text]
  • Graphene Nanobubble: a New Optical Nonlinear Material
    Graphene Nanobubble: A New Optical Nonlinear Material Qiaoliang Bao1,2*, Jianqiang Chen3,4*, Yuanjiang Xiang1, Kai Zhang1, Shaojuan Li2, Xiaofang Jiang1, Qing-Hua Xu1, Kian Ping Loh1†, T. Venkatesan3,4,5† 1Department of Chemistry, and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore. 2Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China. 3Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore. 4NUSNNI-NanoCore, National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore. 5Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore. *These authors contributed equally to this work. †To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: [email protected] (K. P. L.); [email protected] (T. V.) Abstract Graphene is a rising star in nonlinear optics due to its saturable absorption and giant Kerr nonlinearity, these properties are useful in digital optics based on optical nonlinear devices. However, practical applications require large optical nonlinearities and these are inherently limited by the interaction length of atomically thin graphene. Here, we demonstrate optical bistability in a Fabry–Perot cavity containing monolayer and bilayer graphene which have been restructured to form nanobubbles. We find that graphene nanobubble can act as a new type of optical nonlinear media due to its vertical side wall as well as added curvature, which enable strong non-linear dispersive effects leading to a large optically induced phase change. Unlike thermally induced bistability, the all-optical switching between two transmission states happens within a time scale of tens of nanoseconds. Nanobubble-based optical devices with intrinsic optical nonlinearity help to overcome the optical path length limitation of atomically thin two dimensional films and allow us to explore the promise of using such elements as the building block of digital all-optical circuitry.
    [Show full text]
  • Graphene Based Metamaterials for Terahertz Cloaking and Subwavelength Imaging
    University of Mississippi eGrove Electronic Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 2015 Graphene Based Metamaterials For Terahertz Cloaking And Subwavelength Imaging Seyedali Forouzmand University of Mississippi Follow this and additional works at: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd Part of the Electromagnetics and Photonics Commons Recommended Citation Forouzmand, Seyedali, "Graphene Based Metamaterials For Terahertz Cloaking And Subwavelength Imaging" (2015). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 531. https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd/531 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at eGrove. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of eGrove. For more information, please contact [email protected]. GRAPHENE BASED METAMATERIALS FOR TERAHERTZ CLOAKING AND SUBWAVELENGTH IMAGING A Thesis presented in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the Department of Electrical Engineering with Emphasis in Electromagnetics The University of Mississippi by SEYEDALI FOROUZMAND August 2015 Copyright © 2015 by Seyedali Forouzmand All rights reserved. ABSTRACT Graphene is a two-dimensional carbon crystal that became one of the most controversial topics of research in the last few years. The intense interest in graphene stems from recent demonstrations of their potentially revolutionary electromagnetic applications – including negative refraction, subdiffraction imaging, and even invisibility – which have suggested a wide range
    [Show full text]
  • Graphene-Based Infrared Lens with Tunable Focal Length
    Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 155, 19–26, 2016 Graphene-Based Infrared Lens with Tunable Focal Length Yan Xiu Li, Fan Min Kong*, and Kang Li Abstract—In modern information and communication technologies, manipulating focal length has been hot topic. Considering that the conductivity of graphene layer can effectively be tuned by purposely designing the thickness of the dielectric spacer underneath the graphene layer, a graphene-based lens with tunable focal length is proposed in this paper, and it can be used to collimate waves. The fabrication of the proposed graphene-based lens is purposed, and the performance of the lens is verified with finite-element method. The simulation results demonstrate that the graphene-based lens has excellent tunability andconfinement. At the same time, the lens exhibits low loss in certain rang and large frequency bandwidth. 1. INTRODUCTION Emerging within the last decades, because of the ability to overcome the diffraction limit of light in microchip-sized devices, surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) have attracted great and renewed interest [1– 3]. Subsequently, it has aroused great interest in exploring various plasmonic devices [4–10]. In previous works, plasmonic devices are generally made of conventional noble metals. However, most plasmonic devices based on conventional noble metals, such as silver and gold, have enormous loss and cannot be tuned [11, 12], hence limit the propagation length of SPP wave and the tunability of the metallic plasmonic devices. Since monolayer graphene was found, it has attracted special attention in optical field [13–15]. Compared with conventional noble metals, graphene possesses unprecedented advantages, including flexible tunability [12, 16, 17], extremely tight confinement [18], and low losses at THz and mid-infrared region [19, 20].
    [Show full text]
  • Pdf JARA-FIT Annual Report 2012
    JARA-FIT Annual Report 2012 JARA-FIT Jülich Aachen Research Alliance for Fundamentals of Future Information Technology Annual Report 2012 Forschungszentrum Jülich RWTH Aachen JARA-FIT Annual Report 2012 JARA-FIT Annual Report 2012 Dear Reader, It was in 1965 when Gordon Moore, co-founder of Intel, realized that the number of components in integrated circuits (ICs) had doubled every year since the invention of the IC in 1958. Moore was optimistic that this increase would continue for at least ten more years. It is amazing to see that ‘Moore’s law’ still describes the trend in the semiconductor industry after 55 years. This increase in performance has important consequences for all of us. Information technology is pervading all areas of our life. It has assumed a key function in areas as varied as communication, industrial production, transport, energy and environmental technology, health, and last but not least entertainment. When we now enjoy inexpensive electronic toys they use more computation power than was available for the first landing of Apollo 11 on the moon in 1969. Since the industrial revolution no other technology has accomplished such a pronounced growth. Yet we all know that exponential growth cannot continue forever. In the next decade, the development of IT systems will be dominated by two major trends ‐ a continuation of the exponential increase in performance and efficiency (“Moore´s law”) by further down‐scaling, new materials, and novel device concepts ‐ and additional functionalities (“More than Moore”) by the emergence of advanced concepts in, e.g., sensors and wireless transmission. Beyond this, new concepts of quantum information processes seem close ahead and are likely to bring new innovations in the field of future information technology.
    [Show full text]
  • Arxiv:1104.2183V1 [Cond-Mat.Mes-Hall] 12 Apr 2011 I.Qatmbrir,Wrs N Waveguides and Wires, Barriers, Quantum VII
    Electronic properties of mesoscopic graphene structures: charge confinement and control of spin and charge transport A.V. Rozhkov,1, 2 G. Giavaras,1 Yury P. Bliokh,1, 3 Valentin Freilikher,1, 4 and Franco Nori1, 5 1Advanced Science Institute, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan 2Institute for Theoretical and Applied Electrodynamics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 125412, Moscow, Russia 3Department of Physics, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel 4Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel 5Department of Physics, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1040, USA (Dated: April 13, 2011) This brief review discusses electronic properties of mesoscopic graphene-based structures. These allow controlling the confinement and transport of charge and spin; thus, they are of interest not only for fundamental research, but also for applications. The graphene-related topics covered here are: edges, nanoribbons, quantum dots, pn-junctions, pnp-structures, and quantum barriers and waveguides. This review is partly intended as a short introduction to graphene mesoscopics. Keywords: graphene mesoscopic structures, nanoribbons, quantum dots, pn-junctions, pnp-structures, quan- tum barriers. Contents I. Introduction 2 II. Basic physics of a graphene sheet 2 III. Edges of graphene samples 4 A. Edge-stability issues 5 B. Electrons near edges 6 C. Graphene/graphane interface 8 D. Fabrication of high-quality edges 9 IV. Graphene nanoribbons 9 A. Zigzag nanoribbons 9 1. Edge magnetism 9 2. Half-metallicity 11 B. Armchair nanoribbons 12 C. Nanoroads 13 D. Transport properties of nanoribbons 14 V. Quantum dots 15 A. Geometry-induced dots and graphene islands 15 B.
    [Show full text]
  • Super-Resolution Imaging with Graphene
    biosensors Review Super-Resolution Imaging with Graphene Xiaoxiao Jiang 1, Lu Kong 1, Yu Ying 2, Qiongchan Gu 1, Jiangtao Lv 1, Zhigao Dai 3 and Guangyuan Si 4,* 1 College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China; [email protected] (X.J.); [email protected] (L.K.); [email protected] (Q.G.); [email protected] (J.L.) 2 College of Information and Control Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110168, China; [email protected] 3 Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan 430074, China; [email protected] 4 Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Super-resolution optical imaging is a consistent research hotspot for promoting studies in nanotechnology and biotechnology due to its capability of overcoming the diffraction limit, which is an intrinsic obstacle in pursuing higher resolution for conventional microscopy techniques. In the past few decades, a great number of techniques in this research domain have been theoretically proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Graphene, a special two-dimensional material, has become the most meritorious candidate and attracted incredible attention in high-resolution imaging domain due to its distinctive properties. In this article, the working principle of graphene-assisted imaging devices is summarized, and recent advances of super-resolution optical imaging based on graphene are reviewed for both near-field and far-field applications. Keywords: super-resolution imaging; graphene plasmonics; evanescent-field enhancement Citation: Jiang, X.; Kong, L.; Ying, Y.; Gu, Q.; Lv, J.; Dai, Z.; Si, G.
    [Show full text]
  • One-Atom-Thick Optical Devices Based on Graphene
    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2012 Transformation Optics Using Graphene: One-Atom-Thick Optical Devices Based on Graphene Ashkan Vakil University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Electrical and Electronics Commons, Electromagnetics and Photonics Commons, and the Physics Commons Recommended Citation Vakil, Ashkan, "Transformation Optics Using Graphene: One-Atom-Thick Optical Devices Based on Graphene" (2012). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 715. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/715 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/715 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Transformation Optics Using Graphene: One-Atom-Thick Optical Devices Based on Graphene Abstract Metamaterials and transformation optics have received considerable attention in the recent years, as they have found an immense role in many areas of optical science and engineering by offering schemes to control electromagnetic fields. Another area of science that has been under the spotlight for the last few years relates to exploration of graphene, which is formed of carbon atoms densely packed into a honey-comb lattice. This material exhibits unconventional electronic and optical properties, intriguing many research groups across the world including us. But our interest is mostly in studying interaction of electromagnetic waves with graphene
    [Show full text]
  • Transformation Optics Using Graphene: One- Atom-Thick Optical Devices Based on Graphene Ashkan Vakil University of Pennsylvania, [email protected]
    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 1-1-2012 Transformation Optics Using Graphene: One- Atom-Thick Optical Devices Based on Graphene Ashkan Vakil University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Electrical and Electronics Commons, Electromagnetics and Photonics Commons, and the Physics Commons Recommended Citation Vakil, Ashkan, "Transformation Optics Using Graphene: One-Atom-Thick Optical Devices Based on Graphene" (2012). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 715. http://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/715 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. http://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/715 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Transformation Optics Using Graphene: One-Atom-Thick Optical Devices Based on Graphene Abstract Metamaterials and transformation optics have received considerable attention in the recent years, as they have found an immense role in many areas of optical science and engineering by offering schemes to control electromagnetic fields. Another area of science that has been under the spotlight for the last few years relates to exploration of graphene, which is formed of carbon atoms densely packed into a honey-comb lattice. This material exhibits unconventional electronic and optical properties, intriguing many research groups across the world including us. But our interest is mostly in studying interaction of electromagnetic waves with
    [Show full text]
  • Unidirectional Surface Plasmons in Nonreciprocal Graphene
    Home Search Collections Journals About Contact us My IOPscience Unidirectional surface plasmons in nonreciprocal graphene This content has been downloaded from IOPscience. Please scroll down to see the full text. 2013 New J. Phys. 15 113003 (http://iopscience.iop.org/1367-2630/15/11/113003) View the table of contents for this issue, or go to the journal homepage for more Download details: IP Address: 129.11.21.2 This content was downloaded on 17/05/2015 at 16:08 Please note that terms and conditions apply. Unidirectional surface plasmons in nonreciprocal graphene Xiao Lin1,2,3,4, Yang Xu2,4,6, Baile Zhang3,5, Ran Hao2, Hongsheng Chen1,2,3,4,6 and Erping Li2 1 State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China 2 Department of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China 3 The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China 4 Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China 5 Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore E-mail: [email protected] and [email protected] New Journal of Physics 15 (2013) 113003 (14pp) Received 8 April 2013 Published 1 November 2013 Online at http://www.njp.org/ doi:10.1088/1367-2630/15/11/113003 Abstract. We demonstrate theoretically the existence of unidirectional surface plasmons in the nonreciprocal graphene-based gyrotropic interfaces.
    [Show full text]