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The Byrrhidae (Coleoptera) of Atlantic Canada Christopher G

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The Byrrhidae (Coleoptera) of Atlantic Canada Christopher G J. Acad. Entomol. Soc. 7: 32-43 (2011) The Byrrhidae (Coleoptera) of Atlantic Canada Christopher G. Majka and David Langor ABSTRACT The present paper surveys the moss beetle (Coleoptera: Byrrhidae) fauna of Atlantic Canada. Ten species are now known to occur in the region. Fourteen new jurisdictional records are reported including two species, Byrrhus geminatus LeConte and Porcinolus undatus (Melsheimer), which are newly recorded in the region. A key to the identification of species found in Atlantic Canada is provided, as are distribution maps and colour habitus photographs. The distribution, bionomics, and phenology of all species are briefly recounted. RÉSUMÉ Cet article recense les Byrrhidés (Coleoptera: Byrrhidae) du Canada Atlantique. Jusqu’à présent, on a dénoté la présence de dix espèces dans la région. Quatorze additions à la faune juridictionnelle sont rapportées, incluant deux espèces, Byrrhus geminatus LeConte et Porcinolus undatus (Melsheimer), décrites pour la première fois dans la région. Une clé d’identification des espèces retrouvées au Canada Atlantique est fournie, de même que des cartes de distribution et des photographies couleurs de l’habitus. La distribution, la bionomie et la phénologie de toutes les espèces sont brièvement relatées. INTRODUCTION The Byrrhidae (moss or pill beetles) is a family of obligate moss feeding (adults and larvae) beetles (Johnson 2002). Species of Byrrhidae inhabiting mesic coniferous forests are found in narrowly defined bryophyte and vascular plant communities. Byrrhids of open environments are adapted to transitional ruderal microhabitats dominated by mosses such as Ceratodon purpureus (L.) Brid., Polytrichium juniperinum Wild, Polytrichium piliferum Schreb. (Polytrichaceae), and sedges (Carex spp.) growing on moist but thin or scarified soil (Johnson 2002). There are about 290 byrrhid species known worldwide, 35 of which are known in North America (Johnson 2002). Johnson (1990) summarized the distribution of the adventive European Simplocaria semistriata (Fabricius) in North America, including records from Nova Scotia and Newfoundland. Johnson (1991b) recorded 26 species in Canada, seven of which (represented by 15 provincial records) were recorded in Atlantic Canada (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and Newfoundland and Labrador). Since then, Majka et al. (2006) added records of three species to the Prince Edward Island faunal list, including one other adventive species, Chaetophora spinosa (Rossi), newly recorded in the region. Subsequently, Majka et al. (2007) added additional records of Chaetophora spinosa from New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. The present study reports on further investigations into the byrrhid fauna of Atlantic Canada and provides a key to species of the region. Received 28 April 2011. Accepted for publication 2 June 2011. Published on the Acadian Entomological Society website at www.acadianes.ca/journal. html on 20 May 2011. Christopher G. Majka1: Research Associate, Nova Scotia Museum, 1747 Summer Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. David Langor: Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Northern Forestry Centre, 5320 - 122 St. NW, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. 1Corresponding author (email [email protected]). © 2011 Acadian Entomological Society 33 Majka & Langor / Journal of the Acadian Entomological Society 7 (2011): 32-43 METHODS AND CONVENTIONS newly recorded in the region (Table 1). Specific details follow. The taxonomy and nomenclature employed in this study follows that of Johnson (2002, 2004). Seven hundred and Byrrhinae eighty specimens of Byrrhidae originating from Atlantic Byrrhini Canada (121 from Nova Scotia, 107 from New Brunswick, 78 from Prince Edward Island, 467 from Newfoundland Byrrhus americanus LeConte, 1850 and Labrador, six from Saint-Pierre et Miquelon, and one from the Îles de la Madeleine, Québec) were examined and NEW BRUNSWICK: Albert County: 3 km N of Fundy identified. Abbreviations of collections (largely following National Park: 8 June 1994, 4 July 1994, J. Julian, black Evenhuis 2011) referred to in the accounts below are: spruce plantation, pitfall trap (52, NSMC); Mary’s Point, 23 August 2003, C.G. Majka, coastal dunes (1, CGMC); ACNS Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Kentville, Gloucester County: Bathurst, August 1978, R. Tremblay, Nova Scotia, Canada (1, UMNB); Bathurst, June 1927, J.N. Knull (1, CNC); CBU Cape Breton University, Sydney, Nova Scotia, Bathurst, 7 August 1939, W.J. Brown (1, CNC); Daly Point, Canada Bathurst, 16 June 1998, R.P. Webster, boggy cattail marsh (1, RWC); Kent County: Kouchibouguac National Park, CFNL Canadian Forest Service, Corner Brook, Newfoundland 25 June 1979, Y. Chaisson (1, UMNB); Kouchibouguac and Labrador, Canada National Park, 12 July 1977, 17 July 1977, 2 August 1977, G.A. CGMC Christopher G. Majka Collection, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Calderwood (5, CNC); Kouchibouguac National Park, Canada 30 June 1977, J.R. Vockeroth (1, CNC); Kouchibouguac CNC Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and National Park, 7 July 1978, H. Goulet (2, CNC); Kings Nematodes, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada County: Grand Bay, 30 June 1990, 26 May 2001, D.F. McAlpine (2, NBM); Penobsquis, 26 July 1926, C.A. Frost MUN Memorial University of Newfoundland collection, St. John’s, (1, CNC); Restigouche County: Becketville, 5 July 1928, Newfoundland, Canada (currently on long term loan to the W.J. Brown (1, CNC); Saint John County: Saint John, 3 Canadian Forest Service, Edmonton, Alberta) June 1898, 2 July 1907, June 190?, W. McIntosh (3, NBM); MZHF Zoological Museum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Westmorland County: locality not noted, 7 June 1974, D.B. NBM New Brunswick Museum, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada Finnamore (1, CNC); York County: Charters Settlement, NSAC Nova Scotia Agricultural College, Bible Hill, Nova Scotia, Canada 19 May 2003, R.P. Webster, blueberry in mixed forest (1, RWC); Fredericton, 6 June 1926, R.P. Gorham (1, CNC); NSMC Nova Scotia Museum, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada New Maryland, 3 June 2003, R.P. Webster, mixed forest, NSNR Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources Insectary, pitfall trap (1, RWC); Fredericton, 13 August 1956, N.R. Shubenacadie, Nova Scotia, Canada Brown (1, CFNL). NEWFOUNDLAND: Holyrood, 10 RWC Reginald Webster Collection, Charters Settlement, New Brunswick, June 1949, C.H. Lindroth (1, MZHF); Terra Nova 26-28 Canada July 1951, C.H. Lindroth (1, MZHF); Cow Head, 9 August UMNB Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada 1949, E. Palmen (1, MZHF); Grand Bruit, 18 June 1949, E. Palmen (4, MZHF); Lamaline, 4 August 1951, C.H. Lindroth UPEI University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, (1, MZHF); Pass Island, 25 June 1949, C.H. Lindroth (1, Prince Edward Island, Canada MZHF); Port aux Basques, 30 June 1949, C.H. Lindroth IDENTIFICATION (6, MZHF); Port aux Basques, 30 June 1949, E. Palmen (2, MZHF); Pushthrough, 22-24 June 1949, C.H. Lindroth (2, A key to species of Byrrhidae found in Atlantic Canada MZHF); Rencontre West, 17-19 June 1949, C.H. Lindroth (adapted from Johnson 1991a, 2002) is provided on page 34. (3, MZHF); Red Rocks, Table Mt., 29 June 1949, C.H. Lindroth (3, MZHF); 5 km W of Trout River Jct, 6 June RESULTS 1982, D. Langor & A.G. Raske (1, MUN); Fair Haven, 19 As a result of an examination of specimens of Byrrhidae in July 1993 (1, CFNL). NOVA SCOTIA: 48 specimens were collections in Atlantic Canada, fourteen new jurisdictional examined from Annapolis, Cape Breton, Colchester, records are reported including two species, Byrrhus Cumberland, Halifax, Inverness, Kings, Lunenburg, geminatus LeConte and Porcinolus undatus (Melsheimer), Pictou, Richmond and Victoria Counties. The earliest © 2011 Acadian Entomological Society Majka & Langor / Journal of the Acadian Entomological Society 7 (2011): 32-43 34 1. Antennae capitate; body short (0.9–3.2 mm), shallowly to moderately convex; appendages closely retractile into deep recesses; dorsum with clavate or truncate bristles (Figures 15-16) (Syncalyptinae).......2 – Antennae clavate; body various (2.5–9.5 mm), moderately to strongly convex; ovate to elongate; appendages not or partially received into fossae; dorsum with decumbent to erect fine setae (Figures 1,5-7,9, 10,12,14) (Byrrhinae) ..................................................................................................3 2(1). Dorsum with appressed scale-like setae and erect bristles (Figure 16); [length 2.9–3.2 mm].................. .................................................................................................................................Curimopsis moosilauke Johnson – Dorsum with bristles only (Figure 15); [length 0.9–2.1 mm] .......................... Chaetophora spinosa (Rossi) 3(1). Frontal margin beaded, occasionally reflexed and carinate; mesosternum strongly reduced except for median fossa; palps with ultimate segment fusiform to narrowly pyriform; metacoxae small, distant from elytral margin; elytra often connate (Simplocariini) ...........................................................4 – Frontal margin rounded or truncate, not reflexed, beaded or carinate; mesosternum distinct laterad of median fossa; palps with ultimate segment compressed or cylindrically pyriform; metacoxae flattened, nearly reaching elytral margin; elytra not connate (Byrrhini)........................................5 4(3). Short, ovate, slightly depressed dorsally; elytral pubescence long, moderately dense, evenly distributed; elytral striae becoming evanescent at mid-length
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