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De Trotsky 61 Cahiers Leon Trotsky Jean Van HEIJENOORT

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De Trotsky 61 Cahiers Leon Trotsky Jean Van HEIJENOORT LIOif !llO!SKY JANVIER 1979 INSTITUT LEON TROTSKY 29, RUE DESCARTES 75005 PARIS PUBLICATION TRIMESTRIELLE. DIFFUSION E. D. I. INSTITUT LEON TROTSKY Association selon la loi de 1901 Siege social : 29, rue Descartes, 75005 PARIS - Tel. : 329.55.20 L'Institut Leon Trotsky a pour but de promouvoir l'ceuvre de Leon Trotsky sous ses divers aspects [ ... ], preparer la publication en langue franr;aise des CEuvres de Leon Trotsky en une edition la plus complete possible, etablie sur une base scientifique [. .]) realiser une large collaboration internationale [ ... ] edit er les JANVIER 1979 Cahiers Leon Trotsky destines a etablir un lien entre toutes les personnes interessees par les travaux de l'Institut Leon Trotsky et a permettre la publication. de textes et documents divers concernant l'auteur et le mouvement ouvrier, mis a jour au cours de recherches, regrouper ou recenser toutes information, documentation ou archives concernant Trotsky et son ceuvre [ ... ]. (Extrait des Statuts de !'Association.) SOMMAIRE COMITE DE PARRAINAGE DE L'INSTITUT Editorial . 3 Ont a ce jour repondu a notre appel : John Archer, Robert Brecy, Yvan Boris EFIMOV. - Le hon chimiste . 5 Craipeau, Helmut Dahmer, Tamara Deutscher, Andre Donneur, Pierre Frank, Quarantieme anniversaire de la conference de fondation de la Adolfo Gilly, Daniel Guerin, Joseph Hansen, Marcel Liebman, Jean Maitron, IVe Internationale . 7 Ernest Mandel, Fran\:ois Maspero, Miklos Molnar, Maurice Nadeau, Georges I. La deuxieme conference internationale pour la IVe Inter­ Novack, Pelai Pages, Jacqueline Pluet, Michel Raptis, Madeleine Reberioux, nationale (Extrait de la circulaire de convocation du S. I. Gerard Rosenthal, Laurent Schwartz, Fritjof Tichelmann, Jean van Heijenoort, du 1-4-1938) . 9 Esteban Volkov, Marie-Alice Waters. II. Conference internationale (Extrait de la circulaire du S. I. du 11 juin 1938) . 13 BUREAU DE L'INSTITUT III. Conference de fondation de la IVe Internationale. Proces­ verbaux de la conference etablis selon les notes prises Marguerite Bonnet (presidente), Pierre Broue (direction scientifique), par un delegue americain et un delegue franc;ais . 17 Michel Dreyfus, Anna Libera, Jean Risacher. Boris EFIMOV. - Il s'est surmene . 59 Pierre BRou:E. - Quelques proches collaborateurs de Trotsky 61 Cahiers Leon Trotsky Jean van HEIJENOORT. - Propos recueillis par Rodolphe Comite de redaction : Les membres du bureau de l'Institut, Jean Rene, PRAGER . 87 Jcan-Fran~ois Godchau, Francis Jolivet, Michel Kehrnon, Nat London. Michel KEHRNON. - Essenine et Trotsky . 95 Redaction et Administration George BREITMAN. - Quand le journal de Hitler imprimait 29, rue Descartes - 75005 Paris. Tel. : 329.55.20 une lettre de Trotsky . 101 Leon TROTSKY. -Apropos de la philosophie du surhomme . 105 Prix au numero : 20 F Michel DREYFUS et Jean-Franc;ois GoncHAU. Chronique des livres . 121 Alio11m·1m·111 de lanccmcnt pour 3 numeros : France : 50 F Etranger : 55 F ( cnvoi par avion : nous consulter) Revue trimestrielle Alu111111·11w111 dl· s1111tic11 : JOO F, 200 F, 300 F, 500 F ... PUBLICATION DE L'INSTITUT LEON TROTSKY 1 l: l: 1 l11~.iit11t 1.l:\111 'l'rn1sky, Paris 20 947-83 U 29, rue Descartes, 75005 PARIS LES WRITINGS DE LEON TROTSKY PUBLIES A NEW YORK 350 personnes ont participe au meeting tenu le 30 avril 1978 a New York pour celebrer la sortie du douzieme volume de la collection des Writings commencee en 1969 sous la direction de George Breitman. Editorial L'effort realise par les editions Pathfinder est d'autant plus remarquable qu'il s'ajoute aux realisations precedentes : une vingtaine d'ouvrages de Trotsky, dont certains n'existent pas en fran\ais, comme The First Five Years of the Communist Inter­ national. II a ete obtenu grace a une vaste collaboration interna­ Avec ce premier numero des Cahiers Leon Trotsky, l'Institut Leon tionale dont l'Institut L. Trotsky peut beneficier a son tour. Les Trotsky est tout pres d'achever une premiere annee d'existence. C'est le plans de Pathfinder pour poursuivre cette entreprise sont large­ temps d'un premier bilan qui nous parait confirmer a la fois la justesse ment fonction de l'ouverture des archives de Trotsky a Harvard et la necessite de l'entreprise. Trois volumes des CEuvres, dont la plupart en janvier 1980. L'hebdomadaire international du Socialist Wor­ des textes sont inedits, ont paru aux E. D. I., le premier, en juin, couvrant kers Party Intercontinental Press/Inprecor, n° 19 du vol. 16, la periode mars-juillet 1933, le second en septembre ( juillet-octobre 1933), 15 mai 1978, publie, en annexe, le texte d'une vingtaine de et le troisieme en novembre ( novembre 1933-avril 1934 ). Nous savons messages parvenus du monde entier pour feliciter Pathfinder d'une que, malgre le soin apporte a leur realisation, ces volumes ne sont pas entreprise sans precedent sans laquelle la tache de l'Institut aurait exempts de defauts lies a la limitation de nos moyens. Cependant l'accueil ete encore plus difficile. qu'ils ont re\u montre que cet ensemble, avec l'appareil scientifique qui J.-F. G. l'accompagne - introduction historique, notes sur les personnes et les evenements, index-, satisfait ace que nous voulions que soient ces publi­ cations : un outil de travail indispensable a la connaissance d'une epoque capitale de l'histoire du mouvement ouvrier et a une reflexion approfondie sur cette histoire. En effet, pour juger de l'reuvre de Trotsky et de son role, il faut d'abord pouvoir en prendre la mesure exacte. Fournir tous les documents, tous les eclaircissements historiques necessaires a une appre­ ciation rigoureuse et complete, tel est le but que s'assigne l'Institut, qui, Au moment de mettre sous presse, nous apprenons la pas plus que Trotsky lui-meme, n'appelle a un quelconque fideisme. mort de Joseph Hansen, membre du mouvement trots­ kyste des Etats-Unis depuis 1934, qui fut l'un des prin­ Le role du dirigeant d'Octobre, du createur de l'Armee rouge n'a pu cipaux collaborateurs de Trotsky apres octobre 1938. etre totalement occulte par l'enorme masse de mensonges et de falsifica­ tions qui, avant le piolet de Ramon Mercader, s'est abattue sur lui, surtout Joseph Hansen etait l'un des dirigeants du Socialist depuis qu' au milieu des annees soixante la monumentale biographie Workers Party et membre du comite de parrainage de d'Isaac Deutscher a revele la stature veritable, non seulement de l'homme d'action mais aussi du theoricien de la revolution permanente. Mais les l'Institut Leon Trosky. La redaction des Cahiers Leon formes et l'ampleur de son combat dans la periode de l'exil sont loin Trotsky s'associe avec emotion au deuil qui frappe le d'apparaitre clairement meme au public informe. C'est pourquoi l'Institut mouvement ouvrier tout entier. a commence ses publications avec le travail de ces annees, travail qu'en mars 1935 Trotsky jugeait « le plus important de [sa] vie, plus important que l'epoque de la guerre civile » et « clans le plein sens du mot irrem­ plafable ». Les grands ouvrages de ce temps - Histoire de la Revolution l~OBPLID XHMHR. 4 CAHIERS LEON TROTSKY russe, Ma Vie, La Revolution permanente,, La Revolution trahie - ayant ete reedites, nous devions faire porter notre effort sur des documents dif­ ficilement accessibles et souvent meme inconnus du public frarn;ais : arti­ cles, brochures, discussions, resolutions, lettres - qui etaient alors un des principaux modes d'intervention de Trotsky clans les luttes. Notre premiere serie part du debut de 1933 OU l'histoire de !'Europe et du monde a connu une rupture decisive dont les consequences se font encore sentir aujourd'hui. L'actualite des problemes que Trotsky, clans les pires conditions, a du affronter, multipliant les mises en garde, indi­ quant les voies clans lesquelles chercher la solution, prevoyant la catas­ trophe, cette actualite veritablement extraordinaire justifie l'interet d'un public elargi et de nouvelles generations. Mais la serie 1933-1940 ne represente pas tous les projets de l'Ins­ titut qui entend publier l'ceuvre de Trotsky de la maniere la plus large possible. Une entreprise scienti:6.que aussi vaste - qui se mene en toute independance des cadres organisationnels du trotskysme, tout en incluant des militants des divers courants et des chercheurs - ne peut etre envi­ sagee comme l'ceuvre d'un seul. Des le depart l'Institut a coni;;u son acti­ vite comme un travail d'equipe debordant les frontieres fran~aises (seules des raisons administratives ont reduit a !'horizon fran~ais les membres du bureau). Comment ne mentionnerions-nous pas ici l'appui decisif que nous a donne Esteban Volkov, petit-:6.ls de Leon Trotsky, et tout ce que nous devons aux editions de Pathfinder Press qui, sous la direction de George Breitman, viennent d'achever la publication du douzieme volume des Wri­ tings pour la periode 1929-1940 ? L'aide de Louis Sinclair, auteur d'une gigantesque bibliographie de Trotsky, ne saurait non plus etre passee sous silence. Nous comptons a notre tour leur etre utiles en leur apportant les enrichissements qu'entra1ne toujours la continuation de la recherche. Avec les equipes qui se sont attelees a une tache analogue a la notre clans d'autres pays, une collaboration tres fructueuse s'est deja instauree. A nous tous de la poursuivre. C'est, avec l'elargissement de la connaissance de Trotsky par l'apport de documents et d'etudes, une des fonctions de ces Cahiers qui paraitront quatre fois par an que de concretiser cette collaboration internationale, en faisant circuler !'information, en assurant le reperage bibliographique de tous les travaux ayant trait a Trotsky en diverses langues, en suscitant des contributions diverses : souvenirs, temoignages de militants, docu­ ments inconnus, articles, etc. A la transformation de nos lecteurs en redac­ teurs, nous reconnaitrons le succes de notre entreprise.
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