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Museum Semarajayasebagai Sumber Belajar Sejarah Lokal Di Sman 1 Semarapura, Klungkung, Bali

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Museum Semarajayasebagai Sumber Belajar Sejarah Lokal Di Sman 1 Semarapura, Klungkung, Bali ARTIKEL Judul MUSEUM SEMARAJAYASEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR SEJARAH LOKAL DI SMAN 1 SEMARAPURA, KLUNGKUNG, BALI Oleh LUH PUTU AYU DIAH PRATIWI 1014021004 JURUSAN PENDIDIKAN SEJARAH FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL UNIVERSITAS PENDIDIKAN GANESHA SINGARAJA 2014 0 Museum Semarajaya Sebagai Sumber Belajar Sejarah Lokal di SMAN 1 Semarapura, Klungkung, Bali Oleh: Luh Putu Ayu Diah Pratiwi, NIM. 1014021004 (e-mail: [email protected]) Mahasiswa Jurusan Pendidikan Sejarah, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha Singaraja ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) Latar belakang pendirian Museum Semarajaya, (2) Koleksi dari Museum Semarajaya yang dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber belajar Sejarah Lokal di SMAN 1 Semarapura (3) Latar belakang belum dimanfaatkannya Museum Semarajaya sebagai sumber belajar sejarah lokal di SMAN 1 Semarapura berdasarkan Kurikulum 2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif yaitu: (1) tehnik penentuan informan; (2) tehnik pengumpulan data (observasi, wawancara, studi dokumen) dan; (3) analisis data. Berdasarkan temuan di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa bangunan Museum Semarajaya menggunakan bangunan sekolah Belanda (MULO) dan mulai digunakan sebagai Museum pada tanggal 28 April 1992 untuk memperingati 84 tahun pasca perang Puputan Klungkung. Museum Semarajaya terbagi dalam tiga ruangan. Ruangan pertama menyimpan koleksi zaman praaksara seperti lesung, beliung, tempayan dan benda-benda praaksara lain yang ditemukan di sekitar Klungkung, ruangan kedua menyimpan koleksi zaman aksara dipamerkan benda-benda peninggalan Kerajaan Klungkung seperti tombak, keris, hiasan dinding, perhiasan, dan sebagainya, dan ruangan terakhir berisikan peralatan rumah tangga kerajaan Klungkung seperti di antaranya sebuah kursi antik serta foto-foto raja beserta keluarganya dalam memanfaatkan potensi yang ada dari koleksi yang dimiliki Museum Semarajaya sebagai sumber belajar guru dapat menggunakan metoda karya wisata. Metoda karya wisata digunakan sebagai salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa dalam mengikuti pembelajaran sejarah. Pada kegiatan karya wisata, siswa dapat melakukan observasi langsung terhadap koleksi praaksara dan aksara, kemudian saling berdiskusi dengan sesama teman dan guru. Selain itu siswa dapat memperoleh pengalaman nyata dan akan tumbuh motivasi belajar sejarah lebih aktif karena ternyata belajar sejarah tidak hanya dilakukan dalam kelas yang dapat membosankan. Kata Kunci : Museum Semarajaya, Sumber Belajar 1 ABSTRACT This study aims to know (1) The background of founding of Semarajaya Museum, (2) The collection of Semarajaya Museum that can be a source of the local history learning, (3) The background why of Semarajaya Museum‟s doesn‟t as a source of the local history learning in SMAN 1 Semarapura based on curriculum 2013. The use of Semarajaya Museum uses kualitatif approach including: (1) resources determination technique; (2) data collection technique (observation, interview, document) and; (3) data analysis. Based on the finding, it is found that Semarajaya Museum was built use Netherland school (MULO) and legitimated on 28th April 1992 to celebrate 84 years of Puputan Klungkung War. Semarajaya Museum is divided into three rooms. The first room contains the collection of before word age such as mortar, pickax, water jar, and other collection found in Klungkung Regency. Second room displays some collections from Klungkung Palace such as spear, wavy double-bladed dagger called „keris‟, wall decoration, household equipment of Klungkung Palace such as antique chairs and the portraits of the king and his family. In using the potential of the collections of Semarajaya Museum as the learning source, the teachers can use study tour method. Study tour method is a way that can be done by the teachers by asking the students to go to a particular place to learn something associated to the subject in the school. In the study tour, the students can observe the collection of before history and history directly, then discuss it with their peers and teachers. Besides that the students can get real experience and motivate them to learn history because learning history is not only done in the class that can be boring. Keywords: Museum Semarajaya, a source of the local history learning 2 I. Pendahuluan Diresmikan secara bersamaan tidak membuat kedua bangunan ini diminati dan Bali adalah daerah yang sangat kaya digunakan oleh masyarakat Klungkung akan berbagai kebudayaan serta secara bersama-sama. Kemegahan peninggalan sejarahnya. Salah satunya bangunan Monumen Puputan Klungkung Kabupaten Klungkung yang memiliki yang bentuknya menyerupai Monas warisan budaya dan peninggalan (Monumen Nasional) Jakarta membuat sejarahnya seperti : Monumen Puputan Monumen Puputan Klungkung menjadi Klungkung, Kertha Gosha, Taman salah satu tujuan rekreasi keluarga diakhir Gili/Bale Kambang, Pemedal Agung, pekan. Berbeda halnya dengan Museum Museum Semarajaya. Salah satu Semarajaya, walaupunletaknya berada peninggalan sejarahnya adalah Museum dalam satu kawasan wisata Kerta Gosa, Semarajaya. Museum ini dibangun guna Museum Semarajaya ini jarang dikunjungi mengenang dan menghargai jasa-jasa para bahkan masyarakat Klungkung sendiri ada pahlawan ksatria yang telah gugur dalam yang tidak mengetahui adanya sebuah perang Puputan Klungkung yang museum bersejarah di Kabupaten merupakan salah satu perang terbesar Klungkung. masyarakat Klungkung menentang kolonialisme Belanda di Bali dan Dari hasil wawancara dengan Putu mengorbankan jiwa raganya serta harta Agus Permana (16 tahun), Ida Ayu Agung bendanya dalam mempertahankan dan Maheswari (16 tahun) dan Yusma menjunjung harga diri serta nusa dan Indrayanti (16 tahun) siswa SMA Negeri bangsa dari penjajah (Sujaya, 2008). di Semarapura mengatakan bahwa : Untuk memperingati tonggak “Monumen Puputan Klungkung sangat mirip dengan Monas yang ada perjuangan perang Puputan Klungkung di Jakarta, di dalamnya juga ada yang tejadi pada tanggal 28 April 1908, diorama-diorama walau yang di Jakarta adanya diorama sejarah dibangunlah dua bangunan yang dijadikan indonesia, di sini hanya ada diorama tempat untuk memperingati perang sejarah Puputan Klungkung tapi sudah cukup menarik perhatian saya Puputan Klungkung yakni Monumen untuk mengetahui sejarah klungkung Puputan Klungkung dan Museum melalui diorama-diorama tersebut. Museum Semarajaya tidak begitu Semarajaya yang peresmiannya dilakukan akrab di telinga kemungkinan karena oleh Bapak Rudini yang menjabat sebagai tergabung dalam satu kompleks dengan Kertha Gosha dan yang lebih Mentri Dalam Negeri Indonesia pada membingungkan tidak adanya tanggal 28 April 1992. tulisan Semarajaya yang mengikuti 3 kata Museum di sebelah bangunan Klungkung sebenarnya sangat bermanfaat Pemedal Agung ini, sehingga kami apabila digunakan oleh guru-guru sejarah sebagai siswa pun tidak mengetahui bahwa Klungkung memiliki di Kabupaten Klungkung khususnya di Museum yang menyimpan benda- Semarapura. benda warisan sejarah Klungkung” (Hasil wawancara dengan Putu Agus Permana, Ida Ayu Agung Dalam observasi awal yang Maheswari, dan Yusma dilakukan penulis dilihat potensi yang Indrayantipada tanggal 27 Januari 2014). dimiliki Museum Semarajaya sebagai sumber belajar sejarah lokal, tampak jelas Klungkung sebagai sebuah daerah bahwa museum ini belum dimanfaatkan yang memiliki peranan dalam perjalanan secara maksimal sebagai sumber belajar sejarah Indonesia khususnya sejarah Bali sejarah oleh sekolah menengah di sangat disayangkan jika tidak dapat Kabupaten Klungkung. Keberadaan memelihara dan merawat segala jenis Museum Semarajaya dapat dijadikan “alat peninggalan budaya dan bangunan pelacak” kepada peristiwa sesungguhnya bersejarahnya. Karena peninggalan budaya pada masa lalu, kehadiran masa lalu inilah dan bangunan bersejarah inilah yang dapat yang dapat menumbuhkan wawasan menjadi bukti bagaimana kemegahan dan historis kepada generasi masa kini kewibawaan Klungkung sebagai raja di sehingga menumbuhkan keyakinan bahwa raja Bali pada abad ke 19. masa kini adalah kelanjutan dari masa lalu Nama Museum Semarajaya diambil dan pijakan bagi masa depan. Dengan dari nama Kerajaan Klungkung yaitu dasar wawasan historis inilah kesadaran Semarajaya. Bangunan Museum sejarah diharapkan akan tumbuh pada diri Semarajaya berada di sebelah barat Kertha seseorang (Maryati; 2004: 2). Sesuai Gosa dan Taman Gili, tampak seperti dengan Kurikulum 2013 pada mata bangunan megah dengan gaya arsitektur pelajaran Sejarah Indonesia wajib di kelas yang berkesan unik. Bentuk bangunannya XI terdapat Kompetensi Dasar yakni bergaya arsitektur Belanda zaman dulu Menganalisis perubahan, dan yang berpadu dengan gaya arsitektur keberlanjutan dalam peristiwa sejarah tradisional Bali. Banyaknya koleksi yang pada masa penjajahan asing hingga dimiliki oleh Museum Semarajaya sebagai proklamasi kemerdekaan Indonesia dan sebuah tempat penyimpan benda-benda Menganalisis proses masuk dan yang ditemukan di daerah Klungkung serta perkembangan penjajahan bangsa Barat beberapa sumbangan langsung dari puri (Portugis, Belanda dan Inggris) di 4 Indonesia yang berisikan materi pokok Dengan latar belakang tersebut maka tentang Perkembangan Kolonialisme dan penulis melihat perlu dilakukannya suatu Imperialisme Barat seperti Perubahan, dan penelitian yang berhubungan dengan keberlanjutan dalam peristiwa sejarah pemanfaatan Museum Semarajaya yang pada masa penjajahan asing hingga berada di Kabupaten Klungkung dengan proklamasi kemerdekaan Indonesia, Proses pembelajaran sejarah lokal khususnya pada masuk dan perkembangan penjajahan
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