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1983

Origin and development of the Alberta Colleges Athletic Conference

R. Allen Bohonus The University of Montana

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MANSFIELD LIBRARY UNIVERITY OF MONTANA DATE:'* 1&

THE ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE

R. Allen Bohonus B.P.E. , University of Calgary, 197^

Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA 1983

Approved by:

aUJJe*~J.. ill,sSjyt J Chairman, Board of Examiners

D^Th, Graduate School

Date 1 ; UMI Number: EP35432

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In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion.

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UMI EP35432 Published by ProQuest LLC (2012). Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code

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ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Bohonus, R. Allen, M.S., October 1983 Physical Education

The Origin and Development of the Alberta Colleges Athletic Conference (145 pp.)

Director: Dr. Kathleen E. Miller

The purpose of this study was to investigate and document the establishment of organized intercollegiate athletics within the Community Colleges and Technical Institutes in Alberta. Specifically, this study researched the history and development of the Alberta Colleges Athletic Conference (ACAC) and investigated, (1) how the ACAC evolved and what key individuals were responsible for its continuation throughout the years, (2) what were the founding philosophies of the organization, (3) what was the organizational structure of the association, (4) what were the sports activities undertaken by the organization in men's and women's categories, and (5) what were the team placings in each sport from 1964 to 1981. The data pertinent to the research were gathered from minutes of the organization held by the conference secretary as well as correspondence between members of the Conference Executive Committee and interviews with key individuals involved in the growth of the Conference. The history of the ACAC can best be highlighted by its transition from a participatory, social and cultural atmosphere of competition to a highly competitive, skill oriented approach. The increased involve­ ment in terms of schedule and travel commitments contributed to escalating costs to institutional budgets for athletic programs. This resulted in a renewed interest from college presidents to have the athletic directors deal with the question of participation versus excellence among conference members. The need to address this question would cause the athletic directors to find a common ground and commit themselves strongly to the betterment of athletics in Alberta. It would serve as a turning point within which all of the colleges would dedicate themselves towards excellence and achievement.

ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I would like to acknowledge and thank Dr. Kathleen Miller, Dr. Gary Nygaard and Dr. John Hunt for their input and guidance in the preparation of this study. I would also like to thank the many athletic leaders who have "been a part of the development of the Alberta Colleges Athletic Conference. These individuals can be proud of the impact they have had in creating a strong and viable athletic conference for student athletes in Alberta Colleges and Technical Institutions. In closing, I would like to lovingly acknowledge my wife Angie, son Gord and daughter Amber for their patience and support of my absences to complete this project.

iii TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page TITLE PAGE i ABSTRACT ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iii TABLE OF CONTENTS iv LIST OF TABLES vi Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION 1 The Problem 1 Definition of Terms 2 Delimitations 3 Limitations ^ Significance 5 Related Studies 6 Procedure 10 2. ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF COMMUNITY COLLEGES IN ALBERTA 18 3. DEVELOPMENT OF ATHLETICS IN COMMUNITY COLLEGES AND TECHNICAL INSTITUTES IN ALBERTA 25 it-. ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE WESTERN INTER- COLLEGE CONFERENCE 196^-1969 29 5- ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE ALBERTA COLLEGE ATHLETIC CONFERENCE 1970-1975 • • 53

iv Chapter Page 6. ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE 1975-1981 69 7- SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS 97

Summary ...... 97 Recommendations 102 REFERENCES 104- APPENDIXES 110 A. WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE AND ACAC EXECUTIVE COMMITTEES 196*1-19 81 Ill B. WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE AND ACAC STANDINGS 196^-1981 115

v LIST OF TABLES

WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964-1981 Table Page 1. Basketball-Men 116 2. Basketball-Women 117 3- Volleyball-Men 118 4. Volleyball-Women 119 5* Hockey 120 6. Badminton-Men's Singles 121 7- Badminton-Men's Doubles 122 8. Badminton-Women's Singles 123 9- Badminton-Women's Doubles 124 10. Badminton-Mixed 125 11. Curling-Men 126 12. Curling-Women 127 13- Curling-Mixed 128 14. Cross-Country Running-Men 129 15* Cross-Country Running-Women 130 16. Golf-Men 131 17- Golf-Mixed 132 18. Wrestling 133

19. Bowling-Men 134 20. Bowling-Women 135 21. Bowling-Mixed 136

vi Table Page 22. Canoeing-Men 137 23- Canoeing-Women 138 24. Canoeing-Mixed 139 25. Canoeing-War 140 26. Alpine Skiing-Men l4l 27- Alpine Skiing-Women 142 28. Cross-Country Skiing-Men 143 29- Cross-Country Skiing-Women 144 30. Cross-Country Skiing-Mixed 145

vii Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

According to currently available information, there has been no serious or definitive investigation undertaken into the history, philosophy and development of intercollegiate sports in Alberta community colleges and technical institutes since it came into being seven­ teen years ago. Therefore, intensive and comprehensive research of this athletic sphere is long overdue. This analysis is intended to inform the reader as to the origin, philosophy and general development of the Alberta Colleges Athletic Conference. The study will also give the reader a chronological account of the sports in which each college and technical school participated along with a record of their placing in each sport by year. Simi­ larly, a study of this nature may well prove beneficial to historians and area educators who are interested in the emerging role of intercollegiate athletics in community colleges and technical institutes in Alberta.

The Problem

At the present time there is no definitive information available to document the establishment of organized intercollegiate athletics within the community

1 2 colleges and technical institutes in Alberta. Therefore, a study of this nature is necessary to investigate the following questions- How did the Alberta Colleges Athletic Conference evolve and what key individuals were responsible for its continuation throughout the years? What were the founding philosophies of the organization? What was the organizational structure of the association? What were the sports activities undertaken by the organi­ zation in men's and women's categories? What were the team placings in each sport from 1964 to 1981?

Definition of Terms

A) Administrative Council—a body composed of the chief administrative officer from each of the member institutions in the conference. B) Athletic Director—a person of faculty or staff status remunerated for services rendered wholly or partly by him in the field of physical education or athletics. C) Conference—a formal association with the expressed purpose of implementing and formulating common policy concerned with intercollegiate athletics among its member schools- D) Conference Commissioner—the chief judicial officer of the conference who shall act as interpreter of the constitution and operating code and apply the same to given instances or controversies when authorized. 3 E) Conference Council—a body composed of an athletic director and a faculty representative from each of the member institutions in the conference. F) Faculty Representative—a person having tenure or established faculty status and involved in student activities other than athletics. G) Operating Code—the system of principles, rules and regulations relating to the operation of the conference. H) Principal—the title used for the chief administrative officer of institutions involved in high school training prior to offering university and junior college courses.

Delimitations

This study investigated the origin, history and development of the Alberta Colleges Athletic Conference from 1963 to I98I. It was proposed that research and analysis of this subject would reveal to the reader the philosophies, opinions and practices which led to the birth of intercollegiate athletics at the community college and technical institute level in Alberta. The Alberta Colleges Athletic Conference presently consists of ten official member colleges and technical institutes plus five executive officers. The 1980-81 member colleges consisted of: 4 Grande Prairie Regional College Grant MacEwan Community College Northern Alberta Institute of Technology Camrose Lutheran College Red Deer College Mount Royal Community College Olds Agricultural College Southern Alberta Institute of Technology Medicine Hat Community College Lethbridge Community College

Limitations

The study did not attempt to document the status of intercollegiate athletics in Alberta prior to 1963. Due to the complexity and uniqueness of member colleges and their administrative models, the study did not endeavor to reveal the rationale for individual member college's desire to join the conference. The data pertinent to the research were gathered from minutes of the organization held by the conference secretary as well as correspondence between the conference executive committee, and interviews of individuals involved with the growth of the conference. In view of the number of interviews required for the study and the varied location of individuals throughout Alberta, the majority of interviews were conducted via telephone as opposed to personal interviews. A drawback to gathering information by telephone is that it may be slightly less complete as compared to face-to-face questioning. This process of data collection required the correlation and interpolation of data found in minutes and correspondence with that gleaned from interviews with key personalities. 5 Therefore, the validity of certain conclusions may be questioned due to generalized statements and concepts based on attitudes and opinions received. A study of this nature is by no means complete, as many singular or complex aspects of the development of the Alberta Colleges Athletic Conference could not be researched.

Significance

Since there is a complete lack of investigation concerning the origin and development of the Alberta Colleges Athletic Conference, the contention is that with the formation of the Canadian Colleges Athletic Associa­ tion (CCAA) in 1973 and its growth to include some 84 colleges in Canada, the role of intercollegiate athletics at the community college and technical institute level is increasingly significant to the sport mosaic of Canada.

There are 192 community colleges in Canada, 83 of which are in Quebec, 3° in Ontario, 20 in each of Alberta and British Columbia, with 39 dispersed throughout the remaining six provinces. Colleges with teams which participate in a sport leading to a CCAA National Champion­ ship are members of the national association. Many of the 192 colleges are not capable of supporting an athletic program due to their relatively low registration (33)* Since the introduction of national championships for college sports in men's and women's volleyball, men's and women's basketball, badminton and hockey, along with the 6 asserted "Pursuit of Excellence" philosophy, the two-year institutions in Canada are prepared to make a serious contribution to the upgrading of national and international level sport in Canada. In the eight-year period of the Canadian Colleges National Championships the Alberta Colleges Athletic Conference has been represented by nine of its ten member colleges in at least one sport. This would suggest a well- balanced conference not only from an athletic perspective but also from an organizational and philosophical point of view. Therefore, an intensive, comprehensive study of the origin, history and philosophy of the Alberta Colleges Athletic Conference was justifiably needed to perpetuate and preserve its founding principles as well as maintain a base from which future direction can be formulated. Alberta has played a formidable role in the development of intercollegiate athletics in Canada and the intent of this study was to document the origin, history and philosophy involved with college sport in Alberta, as a possible insight to its success on a national scale.

Related Studies

Those studies which have been found to have some bearing have been done in the province of Ontario. An article by Monkell and Wilson (52:21-23) called "The Community College in Canada" has accumulated various 7 addresses and comments presented "by notable speakers in education at a conference sponsored by the Association of Adult Education. Some of the items of note which were discussed at the conference are those comments made by Mr. William Davis, then Minister of Education of Ontario, and presently Premier of the province. Mr. Davis gave a factual account of the position of the government with regard to what Ontario will name colleges of applied arts and technology. The basis of Mr. Davis' report affirmed Ontario's commitment to develop a third educational program in the province which would be quite separate from public and university systems (52:21). These colleges would provide three-year courses in engineering technology and industrial management and a limited number of new courses as the need arises (52:21). As well, they would provide two-year technical and skilled trades courses, business courses, such as the three-year courses given at the institutes, one-year courses at the vocational centers and two-year courses in fields such as computer programming, institutional management, marketing and others (52:22). In addition, the institutions would provide general and applied arts courses to supply enrichment and related academic subjects for the other three centers, as well as courses in journalism, social casework, child care and public recreation (52:22). The relative value of this article can be found in its description of the emergence of the community 8 college system in another Canadian province. In addition, the study captures the essence of the community college system which has the following functions: (a) "broaden the base for higher education in terms of other than traditional academic courses (b) ease the problem of access to higher educa­ tion, in effect, pick up the "drop-outs" (c) distribute students by transfer to universi­ ties and by terminal courses to employment (52:23) An article by Smith (63:4) focused its attention on the Ontario college system as well- The article was found to have been of value to this study through the concepts the author advanced as to the nature and scope that physical education programs should take in the colleges. The author maintained that most "community college" students are in the "terminal phase" of their formal education, therefore, colleges should offer a recreational program which would more fully complement the varied needs of the industry bound student, i.e., golf, bowling and curling should be included (63:4). The college programs must not however, neglect to recognize the degree to which a great variety of sports activities permeates the lives of most Canadians (63«4). Therefore, providing an athletic program, broad in its scope and encompassing both intramural and intercollegiate sports should be of prime concern. The one study that was the most closely related 9 to this research was a thesis project taken on by Mr- A1 Hoffman, Past President of the Canadian Colleges Athletic Association (41). The purpose of the research in general, was to investigate and document the history of organized intercollegiate athletics within Ontario colleges of applied arts and technology. The study specifically researched the history and development of the Ontario Colleges Athletic Association (OCAA) and investigated the background of post secondary education in Ontario, the primary factors and legislation responsible for the development of the OCAA, the background of university inter­ collegiate athletics in Ontario and the evolution and key individuals involved in the growth of the Ontario Colleges Athletic Association (4l). This thesis study provided valuable information and direction for addressing similar questions as to the development of intercollegiate sports in Alberta colleges. The review of literature has dealt with the form and style of historical research. Leedy (47 s71) explains that the historical method aims to assess the meaning and to read the message of the happenings in which men and events relate meaningfully to each other. The essence of historical research requires the investigator to examine the data for authenticity and source. The question of authenticity is not only asked of the material in terms of, "Is it genuine?" but also in terms of what is it saying, "What does it mean?". 10

Therefore, historical research relies heavily on primary and secondary sources of data to present a histiography of occurrences as opposed to a chronology of events (47s72). The research must seek not only to identify and isolate the chain of events of substantive history, important though that chronological process is, but also to understand their meaning in terms of their relation both to each other and to the problem under study (47*.73)*

Procedure

Data for this research were taken from the official records of the Alberta Colleges Athletic Confer­ ence, held by the conference secretary. The data required included all copies of Conference Council Minutes from 1963-1981. In addition, correspondence between members of the Conference Council Executive Committee between the years I963-I98I were utilized to give the researcher further insight into the background of specific issues during the developmental stages of the conference. Further data required included documentation of team records and standings by year from 1964-1981 and finally, personal interviews with key Conference Council Executive Committee members, athletic directors and college adminis­ trators during the time period. In terms of external criticism of the data, the author of the minutes has been the elected Secretary of the Conference Council. He wrote down and documented the "business of the meetings as it occurred immediately and then had the written material transcribed shortly after the meetings for distribution to the membership. The question of authenticity of minutes is not as crucial in terms of external criticism because as part of the formal business process of the Conference Council meetings, minutes of the previous meeting must be approved and adopted. Therefore, any discrepancies or personal biases which may have surfaced as a result of the secretary's interpretation of events should have been identified and corrected. The question of internal criticism became a critical means of injecting authenticity into this study. Since much of what has been reported in the minutes of Conference Council meetings does not deal at length with the rationale, motive, or discussions leading to action taken from the meetings, the internal criticism of the study was completed through information gleaned from personal correspondence among Conference Executive Commit tee, Executive Committee and Athletic Directors and more importantly through personal interviews with key individ­ uals during those periods of significant development in conference history. All events connected with the development of intercollegiate athletics in Alberta were dealt with in chronological order. To appreciate and understand fully the development of intercollegiate athletics in Alberta community colleges and technical 12 institutes, it is necessary to link their evolution with events that were taking place in the country during the period of 1964-1981. Provinces on a larger scale during the postwar period in Canada saw educational enrollments increase faster than that in any other industrialized country (29)• In addition to increased enrollments, there was a marked increase in the numbers of young people in the 18-24 year old age category. Therefore, universities were experiencing a significant impact on their enroll­ ments across the country during the sixties- As well, the schools were experiencing higher retention rates among their students, as aspirations to attain higher levels of educa­ tion escalated (29). The rate of increase in full-time enrollments at all post secondary institutions in Canada reached a high of 282 percent between i960 and 1969 (20). Both the country and the province were also experiencing rapid urbanization through the sixties as significant numbers of young people made the transition from rural communities to the industrialized cities. Alberta's rate of urbanization was double that of the rest of Canada (29)• The migration of young people to industrialized jobs, left many without the necessary knowledge to cope with increased technological improve­ ments. Formal education became more formally linked with occupational competence. To respond to the need to produce more technically prepared people, the federal government initiated the Technical and Vocational Training 13

Assistance Act of i960 (29)- The act sought to end Canada's shortage of domestic skilled labor and by doing so making vocational and technical education a priority. The federal assistance took the form of financial support in the area of 75 percent of the capital costs of new facilities and 50 percent of operating costs of vocational technical and technological training in the provinces (29). The provincial response to the aid was enthusiastic to the point that enrollments in post secondary technical voca­ tional courses rose to 20,000 in 1964-65 from just over

8,000 in I960 (29)• During the sixties the development of more com­ munity colleges in the province was also a response to a growing need for improved levels of academic preparation to large numbers of young people, as well as reacting to the demands being placed on the only university in the province at the time (University of Alberta, Edmonton). The colleges were encouraged to grow and develop as evidenced by the funding formula to colleges utilized by the social credit government of the sixties. Colleges received grants based on student enrollments, therefore, as school populations and programs grew, so did operating grants to the institutions- Colleges and ultimately their internal services such as athletics, were able to enjoy a period of rather unencumbered growth through the sixties. By the fall of 1971. "the province of Alberta took a major political shift with the election of a progressive 14 conservative government under the leadership of Peter Longheed. The conservatives were to bring about a number of changes in post secondary education in the province throughout the seventies* The first of these changes was to establish the Department of Advanced Education as the office responsible for post secondary education in the province (43)- Secondly, the new government chose to modify the funding scheme to public colleges- It should be pointed out at this juncture that the technical insti­ tutes in the province were under the auspices of the Department of Manpower initially and then later the Department of Advanced Education, but were funded directly as a branch of the provincial government (45)* Similarly the agricultural colleges in the province were funded under the Department of Agriculture and then later under the guidelines of the Department of Advanced Education (43)* Whereas the technical and agricultural colleges submitted budget projections directly to the provincial government, the public colleges received their funding in the form of a grant. The modification to the funding formula took away from the enrollment driven approach was to award the grants on the basis of the institution's full- time equivalents (FTE) (46). FTE's as an institution would be calculated by the number of students enrolled in the full number of course credits for any particular discipline. An example would be a student enrolled in 18 credits of instruction per semester in the leisure education 15 program would be the equivalent of one FTE. Therefore, it would take the equivalent of three part-time students enrolled in six credits each to equal one FTE. Therefore, the actual number of bodies enrolled may far exceed your FTE count depending on how many part-time students are involved to reach the number of course credits for each discipline. The grant to public colleges was awarded on FTE assumptions submitted by the institutions- An interesting aspect of the submissions was that they were negotiable with the government. That is, that if the government felt the institution was being unrealistic about its FTE estimate it would cut the figure back (46). The senior administrations of public colleges were required to estimate their FTE's reasonably accurately with only a ten percent cushion on either side of the figure. The motivation for this new approach was predicted on the belief that colleges had become "too fat" under the previous enrollment driven scheme, which had few controls on actual school enrollments and programs (46). The FTE approach to funding of public colleges remained in effect until 1973-1974 at which time the Department of Advanced Education moved into the block grant system (46). Essentially the block grant system approach gave the colleges a set grant based on the previous year plus a percentage increase to attempt to compensate rising costs, salary settlements, etc., (46). The weakness of this approach in terms of the 16 colleges was establishing a fair and realistic base amount from which to work. The government in looking for a starting point for the grant, chose to use the basic figures from the FTE formula. In many cases this figure was not adequate for colleges who had experienced large enrollment and program growth throughout the period. As a result, many of the Alberta colleges started under this scheme with a base grant which was below their needs and could not be compensated by the percentage increase. Therefore, colleges annually faced the delicate problem of balancing operating costs that were escalating at an alarming rate versus a base grant plus a percentage increase. Some colleges such as Grande Prairie, Red Deer and Medicine Hat were successful in negotiating a higher base grant figure with the provincial government others, such as Mount Royal College were not (46). The reasons for the provincial government's hard­ line decision on funding to the colleges was twofold. The first reason was related to long-term projections of expenditures in education in the province. Economists in the late sixties developed a study which indicated that at the current rates of increase, the cost of education in the province would far exceed the gross national product of the country in a short time (46). Secondly, demographic projections indicated a strong 20 percent growth in student enrollments in post secondary institutions from 1970 to 1982, followed by a sharp 20 percent drop-off in 17 enrollments to 1985 (46). Therefore, the Department of Advanced Education in the mid seventies felt it had to enact strategies to hold the line on growth and expendi­ tures in post secondary institutions in the province (46). The effect of these global issues on the develop­ ment of athletics in the colleges would have a significant effect as eluded to in Chapter 6 of this study. It would be the service-oriented areas in the colleges, of which athletics was included which would feel the squeeze first. Operating grants to institutions had up to 80 percent of the dollars committed to contracts and salaries (46). Therefore, senior administrations had actual control over only a small part of the overall budget. Meanwhile, during this same time frame of the mid to late seventies athletic programs were experiencing marked escalations in transportation, accommodations and equipment costs to meet conference schedule commitments (46). A concern which would bring the presidents and athletic directors together to develop strategies for the preservation of varsity athletics in the colleges. In the next chapter the origin and development of community colleges in Alberta is traced. Reference is made to the earliest mention of colleges in provincial legislation and their four-stage development- Chapter 2

ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF COMMUNITY COLLEGES IN ALBERTA

"The earliest reference to a college in provincial legislation was included in the Act Respecting the Univer­ sity of Alberta, 1910" (59)- The development of colleges in Alberta was accomplished in four stages: The first stage began with the emergence of private church-related junior colleges in the early part of the century and ended with the establishment of the first public community college at Lethbridge in 1957 (62). During this first phase, control of the junior colleges was characterized by the domination of Alberta's only university, the University of Alberta, Edmonton and its committee on junior colleges- The purpose of the committee was to ensure the rigorous screening of college instructors and academic standards. This arrangement was a constant source of annoyance to the colleges who were displeased at the emphasis on academic work which was essentially duplicative of the university. However, the prestige of the university was such that junior college leaders were obliged to accept this one-sided relation­ ship. The second stage of development was initiated by the passage of the Public Junior Colleges Act of 1958-

18 19 The passage of this act saw a rapid expansion of the public college system: Junior Colleges Act, 1958 1. Colleges initiated and managed within the framework of public school system. 2. Financial and curriculum control largely but not entirely local. 3« Three separate jurisdictions; no integration, little coordination between agricultural colleges, institutes and junior colleges. 4. Governing board composed of members appointed by participating school boards. 5- Extensive university control of academic programs; affiliation with university was a prerequisite. 6. Small local taxation through payments by school boards. 7* Different regulations affecting instructors teaching university programs and others* 8. No provision for academic council (62:144). Emerging colleges operated in the main under the influences of affiliation agreements with universities. However, the growing public demand for alternatives to higher education other than universities and the influence of the University of Alberta's Committee on Junior Colleges created friction which in turn generated polit­ ical concern over the control of this increasingly expensive segment of public education. As a result of growing public concern, the government established the Provincial Board of Post Secondary Education in 1967: The role of this powerful central agency was to advise government in the following areas identifying policies for adoption in principle, setting out provisions to enable policies to be implemented, and preparing legislation (28:32). "In 1969 the provincial government disbanded the Provincial Board of Post Secondary Education to be replaced by the Alberta Colleges Commission, thus com­ pleting the third stage of community college development in Alberta" (62:145)' This agency was specifically responsible for coordinating the efforts of colleges in the province. However, it did encounter some difficultie in terms of total coordination since it did not have jurisdiction over the province's two institutes of technology (Northern Alberta Institute of Technology, Southern Alberta Institute of Technology) and its three agricultural colleges (Olds Agricultural and Vocational College, Lakeland College (formerly Vermillion Agricul­ tural and Vocational College), Fairview Agricultural and Vocational College). "The fourth stage of development involved the establishment of the Alberta Colleges Commission at a time when the Universities Commission was still in operation" (62:145)- This establishment of a twin commission was to perpetuate the cleavage between the university, the community colleges and a variety of other institutions managed directly by the Department of Education. However, the combined development did serve to provide continued differentiation among and within varieties of institutions, improved linkage among them, and stabilized temporarily what might otherwise have become a series of separate entities involving 21 agricultural schools, colleges, institutes and univer­ sities. The origin and background of the colleges, agricultural and vocational colleges, technical institutes and private institutions which make up the Alberta Colleges Athletic Conference is as follows: Camrose Lutheran College, Camrose Alberta: The college was established in 1911 by the Alberta Norwegian Lutheran College Association. It became an institution of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Canada in 1957- Until 1959» only high school courses were offered, but in that year the college became affiliated with the University of Alberta and a first-year univer­ sity program was added- The college is private and coeducational. Control is vested in a nine- member Board of Regents elected by the Camrose Lutheran College Corporation of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Canada (28:80). Lethbridge Community College, Lethbridge, Alberta:

Formerly Lethbridge Junior College prior to 1969. The college was established in 1957 in the Lethbridge Collegiate Institute. The emphasis was at first on the university programs, but in 1962 the vocational technical section expanded considerably and in 1967 the university section separated to become the University of Lethbridge. Control is vested in an eight-member Board of Governors, consisting of five members appointed by the provincial government, one faculty member, one student member and the president. The college is public and coeducational (28:88). Mount Royal College, Calgary, Alberta: Formerly Mount Royal Junior College prior to 1969* The college began classes in 1911 in academic, com­ mercial and conservatory departments under the sponsorship of the Board of Colleges of the Methodist Church. In 1925 the sponsorship changed to the Board of Colleges and Secondary Schools, United Church of Canada. The college department (first two- years in arts and science) was established in 1931, and affiliation was obtained from the University of Alberta. Elementary education was discontinued. In 22

1966 Mount Royal College became a public comprehen­ sive junior college. Temporary control was vested in a nine-member Board of Trustees made up by appointments of three members by the Public School Board, three members by the Separate School Board and three members by the previous Private College Board. In 1969 legislative assembly of the province of Alberta passed "The College Act" which changed structure of the Board of Trustees to con­ sist of the following members appointed by the Lieutenant Governor in Council: a) an apademic staff member b) a member of the student body of the college; and c) five other persons, one of whom shall be designated as the chairman. The college is coeducational, offering courses in both liberal arts and vocational technical fields (28:92). Northern Alberta Institute of Technology, E dmont on, A1berta:

The institute was established in 1961. One, two and three-year programs are offered in business and technology, as well as a number of trades- The institute is coeducational and was controlled directly by the Department of Education of the province of Alberta up to April 1982. It is now under the direction of a Public Board of Governors (28:94). Southern Alberta Institute of Technology, Calgary, Alberta: The institute is a public, coeducational institution offering one to four years of post secondary training in a number of occupational fields. The institute was established in 1916 as the Provincial Institute of Technology and Art. The name was changed in 1961. The institute previously under the control of the Department of Advanced Education has been functioning under the direction of a Board of Governors since April, 1982 (28:100). Red Deer College, Red Deer, Alberta: Formerly Red Deer Junior College prior to 1969 was established in 1964 in temporary quarters in the Red Deer Composite High School. It moved to its new permanent campus in the summer of 1968. The college is public and coeducational and offers both university transfer and vocational-technical 23 programs- Control is vested in an eight-member Board of Trustees. Members are elected for one-year term by and generally from the Boards of the participating school districts (28:99). Olds Agricultural and Vocational College, Olds Alberta: The college was established in 1913 and until 1963 was known as the Olds School of Agriculture and Home Economics. It had been operated by the Alberta Department of Agriculture since its inception but presently operates under the direction of a Board of Governors. This public, coeducational college is a specialized institute with the major emphasis on agriculturally-oriented technologies. Business education and fashion and design are also offered. The college is also a center for short courses, conventions, field days, conferences and committee meetings (28:97). Medicine Hat College, Medicine Hat, Alberta: The college was incorporated in 1964 and affili­ ated with the University of Alberta. A year later it was affiliated with the University of Calgary. It is controlled by an eight-member Board of Governors", five members are appointed by provincial government, one is elected by students, the Dean is also a voting member. The college follows an open-door admission policy and seeks to serve community needs. It is public and coeducational (28:90). Grande Prairie Regional College, Grande Prairie Alberta: Formerly Grande Prairie Junior College prior to 1969* The college was established in 1965 and opened in 1966 to provide first-year university courses in affiliation with the University of Alberta. Preparatory and vocational courses are also provided. Control is vested in an eight- member Board of Governors consisting of five members appointed by the provincial government, one faculty member, one student member and the president. The college is public and coeducational (28:85)- Grant MacEwan Community College, Edmonton, Alberta: 24

The college opened its doors in 1971 and provides educational opportunities to the com­ munity through day programs, continuing educa­ tion credit and general interest courses, Canada Manpower, other government and special industry programs- The college offers 27 diploma programs and 17 certificate programs- Control is vested in a ten-member Board of Governors. The college is public and co­ educational (40). The emergence of community colleges in the province as a result of provincial legislation in 1958 and their subsequent growth in both numbers of institu­ tions and populations, would serve to have a powerful impact on the delivery of academic programs in the province, previously reserved for the universities- The ensuing chapter will focus on what the status was of competitive activities for the student body in these newly-formed colleges and what the catalyst was that activated the formation of an athletic setting. Chapter 3

DEVELOPMENT OF ATHLETICS IN COMMUNITY COLLEGES AND TECHNICAL INSTITUTES IN ALBERTA

The development of athletics at the college level in Alberta had its beginnings not altogether different from the widely accepted theory of the emergence of intercollegiate athletics in North America: Historically, it is clear that intercollegiate athletics originated and flourished as a student- initiated, non educational, extracurricular activity. In short, athletics was the enterprise of the students and was external to the educational process (35!44). Fairs goes on to say: Initially, athletics were forced on educational institutions by student pressures; they were not originated by educators themselves for the educational benefit of the students- Intercollegiate athletics— that is, competitive contests between teams repre­ senting different schools was, at first, a student initiated activity. Athletics began in various schools at the intramural level and transformed into an intercollegiate extramural activity (35848). This explanation for the development of athletics in post secondary institutions would appear to hold true for the college system in Alberta. All of the charter members of the inter-college conference in Alberta had flourishing and strongly supported intramural programs at their institutions prior to the action of athletic direc­ tors and administrators to formalize competition amongst each other. The theory of strong intramural programs

25 26 being the forerunner of intercollegiate athletics is born out in the Alberta system. In the case of new members to the conference in all instances, there was a waiting period of anywhere between one and fifty-three years from the time a college was opened and its wish to enter a competi­ tive athletic league. This would first of all support Fairs' findings that competitive intercollegiate athletics began as a "student initiated activity". Educators did not accept intercollegiate athletics as a legitimate partner in educational pursuits. Therefore, the planning of college programs favored the intellectual and academic needs entirely with no conscious consideration of the physical needs of the student. This aspect is emphasized by Harry A. Scott, Competitive Sports in Schools and Colleges, when he points out: While faculty members undoubtedly knew of the existence of these extracurricular activities, they preferred officially to ignore it. . . . Eventually, competitive athletics developed into an accepted and important phase of student body life, but without the official sanction of educational authorities (61:87). Secondly, if the time period between the opening of the institutions and their joining the Intercollegiate Conference in Alberta were to be examined, the theory of intramural programs being the seed for competitive athletics is strongly justified. With regard to the charter members of the Western Inter-College Conference (WICC), Mount Royal College founded in 1911» Camrose 27 Lutheran College founded in 1911. Lethbridge College founded in 1957> Northern Alberta Institute of Technology founded in 1961 and Southern Alberta Institute of Technology founded in 1916, all had ample time to have intramural athletics grow in their institutions. This growth fostered the development of the next advancement, which was the staging of competitive extramural events, even before the initial meeting took place to formulate an athletic conference in 19&3- In looking at new members to the conference, Olds Agricultural and Vocational College joined into competi­ tive college athletics in 1966 and was founded in 1913» a period of 53 years for student intramurals to develop. Medicine Hat Junior College, took a period of two years to develop its intramural programs, from its founding in 1964 to its joining the WICC in 1966. Grande Prairie Junior College took a period of five years to develop its intramural programs from 1965 until it joined the WICC in 1970. Grant MacEwan College was founded in 1971 and joined the athletic conference in 1974, allowing a period of three years for the development of intramurals- Red Deer College, established in 1964, joined the WICC a year later in 1965 which is a relatively short transition period in comparison to the other colleges; however, it had been housed in a high school before that period- As Scott pointed out: 28 It was an easy transition from impromptu partic­ ipation in games and sports at the community level to organized intramural games between classes or student campus groups- As skills were perfected and as other educational institutions of similar rank developed in the geographical area, extra­ mural contests were arranged (61:87)- Many of the colleges founded after 1963, i-e-, Grande Prairie, Grant MacEwan, Medicine Hat, Red Deer, found the transition time from intramural activities to extramural activities to be rather short- This can likely be attributed to growing student populations as well as the fact that a competitive alternative had been struck with the formation of the Western Inter-College Confer­ ence. The incentive to gravitate to a competitive atmos­ phere was enhanced because the vehicle had been set in place by the charter members who had developed their intramural programs over a much longer time frame- This is not to suggest that the decision to offer intramurals and competitive extramurals was an "either-or" decision among the colleges. All the colleges continued to foster strong intramural programs, allowing the extramural activities to be the venue for spirited competition among students of various institutions. The next chapter will deal more specifically with how these basically student- initiated and organized extramural activities transcended into the more structured and professionally organized athletic programs in the colleges- Chapter 4

ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE CONFERENCE 1964-1969

Prior to the first meeting being held to discuss and organize an athletic conference, correspondence and conversation had been going on among the athletic direc­ tors of two-year colleges as well as the province's two universities for at least a year. The focus was on the feasibility of such an organization. As mentioned earlier, with the increased number of public colleges in Alberta and the strong development of intramural programs within those institutions, there was a strong desire among potential members to develop an atmosphere for the emergence of competitive athletics. To this point, there were no existing mechanisms for post secondary institu­ tions in the province to compete with each other. There were some exhibition competitions periodically being staged between Southern Alberta Institute of Technology (SAIT) and Northern Alberta Institute of Technology (NAIT) as well as Lethbridge Junior College and Mount Royal Junior College. There also existed informal competitions among the post secondary institutions in Calgary between Mount Royal Junior College (SAIT) and the University of Alberta, Calgary. However, in the main intercollegiate

29 30 athletics among two-year colleges in Alberta was non­ existent prior to 1964. The nature of the information which was exchanged among the two-year schools endeavored to develop an attitude of an athletic conference which would involve both men and women in a series of total activities. Much of the credit for envisioning a total activity concept is given to Mr- Gary Bowie who at the time was at Lethbridge Junior College and was to become the first Chairman of the Conference Council. Mr. Bowie and Mr- Ben Brooks, Athletic Director at Mount Royal Junior College, saw the task of initiating an athletic conference among two-year institutions to be twofold. The first task was to solicit interest from two- year institutions and convince respective athletic direc­ tors of the relative advantages that an intercollegiate athletic program might have. They understood that this task, if it were to meet with any degree of success, could not be predicated on athletics alone and certainly not concentrated in one or two activities. Thus, their "selling point" was to envision a conference association that would bring together students from various institu­ tions creating an atmosphere of friendly competition in many varied aspects of student life both athletically and culturally. Therefore, the original concept of competition among the institutions was to include not only athletic events in various male and female activities but also areas of competition within the fine arts compo nents of institutions such as music festivals, drama festivals, debating, school newspaper competitions and yearbook competitions. The second task was to take the concept a step further beyond the individual athletic directors and to gain approval from senior administrators at the insti­ tutions. The suggestion was that the establishment of policies and controls would be assumed by the principals and that in fact, these men would head the organization. To accomplish this phase, the concept of total involve­ ment by institutions both athletically and culturally was highly desirable and would be the key in gaining the support of the senior administrators. The preliminary work having been completed and sufficient evidence to indicate support from several institutions, the initiative to call the first meeting i credited to Mr. Ben Brooks, Athletic Director of Mount

Royal College in a letter dated November 6, 1963. The meeting was to be held at Mount Royal College on

Saturday, December 7» 19&3 in Room 201 at 10:00 A.M. Invitations to the meeting were sent to the principals and athletic directors of the following schools: Northern Alberta Institute of Technology Southern Alberta Institute of Technology Alberta College, Edmonton Lutheran College, Camrose Lethbridge Junior College Lindsay Thurber Composite High School, Red Deer Concordia College, Edmonton 32 The delegates who responded "by attending the first meeting to discuss and organize an athletic confer­ ence for two-year colleges in Alberta were as follows! Ben Brooks Director of Athletics, Mount Royal College Dr. W. J. Collett Principal, Mount Royal College Carl Johnson Principal, Lethbridge Junior College Pat Webb Lethbridge Junior College (for Gary Bowie) Don Lee Dean, Camrose Lutheran College Dale Bjornson Athletic Director, Camrose Lutheran College Gary Meadus Coordinator of Student Services, North Alberta Institute of Technology A1 Buttle Coordinator of Student Activities, Southern Alberta Institute of Technology At the initial meeting, the delegates spoke at great length on areas such as the need for a new conference, the administration of the conference, financing of the conference, student eligibility, sociability, objectives and committee structures (52). On the subject of the need for a new conference, the minutes of the meeting reveal that: It was the unanimous feeling of the delegates that an athletic conference such as the one proposed would be desirable, provided the program could be kept within the financial limitations of the member institutions. In this regard, it was felt that we should start with a limited program, preferably on the basis of north and south divisions to curtail traveling expenses but with the possibility of an interlocking arrangement between divisions either annually or biannually. Tournament and telegraphic meets would provide the basis of competition for the so-called "minor" sports. It was agreed that member­ ship in the conference would not be dependent on participation in "X" number of activities (53 s 2). 33 The administration of the conference in terms of exercising policy control was to be left to the institu­ tion's senior administrators and the athletic directors were to provide the stimulus to the program in terms of organization and supervision. The finances of the conference would be dealt with through the levying of entry fees to each institution based on the number of activities in which it participated. Each institution was left to its own internal resource­ fulness in terms of financing its entry into the conference• The question of student eligibility to play in the conference was raised in an attempt to arrive at standards of eligibility mutually acceptable to all the members of the conference. Each institution had its own individual ruling but it was felt that it would be desirable to have an overall conference ruling to provide additional emphasis- This question was referred to the Rules Committee for the next meeting. In an attempt to increase the sociability and an "off-the-floor" spirit of comaraderie among the competi­ tors, billeting of visiting students in private homes was strongly desirable. It was as well, a method of offset­ ting costs to the institutions- However, this concept did not become a reality, as many schools could not successfully deal with the dilemma that many of their own students did not come from private homes in the vicinity 34 and were themselves hoarding while attending school. Further "business which transpired at the first meeting was to strike three committees, namely the Constitution Committee, Rules Committee and Activities Committee, each with its own make-up of committee members from the delegation to report on their individual tasks at the next meeting. For the guidance of the Constitution Committee, the delegates listed the objectives of the new conference to be as follows: 1- Physical fitness and athletic skills 2. Mental alertness 3« Moral qualities 4. Keen competition 5> Sociability 6. Emotional maturity 7- Highest ideals of sportsmanship and academic achievement 8. Basis for cultural development and exchange 9« Development of esprit de corps in the school and the conference 10. Efficient establishment of policies and objectives 11. Stimulate physical education and intramural athletic programs (51:3) Interestingly and yet somewhat puzzling is the complete absence in the minutes or records of any discus­ sion or subsequent motion relative to the adoption of the first name for the conference—Western Inter-College Conference. During the interview with Mr. Gary Bowie, first Chairman of the Conference Council, Mr. Bowie indicated that considerable time had been spent at the first meeting discussing the topic of a name for the new conference (26). The selection of the name Western Inter-College Conference, had its roots in varying viewpoints- One viewpoint which was unanimous among the delegates was the concept that the conference should and would grow "beyond the "borders of the province of Alberta and actively seek and incorporate two-year institutions from British Columbia, Saskatchewan and Manitoba to become members, thus, the incorporation of the idea of "Western" into the name. Mr. Ben Brooks, Chairman of the first meeting and later to become the conference's first Vice-Chairman was quick to point out that had the response from the two-year schools in Alberta had not been sufficiently high in terms of numbers at the first meetings, there was every inten­ tion to go outside the boundaries of Alberta to other provinces to formulate a viable athletic conference (27)- A second viewpoint would suggest that the colleges were taking their lead from the already estab­ lished University Conference in Western Canada known as the Western Canada Intercollegiate Athletic Association (WCIAA). In some instances the delegates could see their new conference emulating the WCIAA on a similar scale for two-year colleges in Western Canada. A third viewpoint traces the emergence of the name Western Inter-College Conference to an adaptation of the Western Athletic Conference in the United States- The conference composed of the United States Air Force Academy, Brigham Young University, Colorado State University, University of

Colorado, University of Hawaii, University of New Mexico, 36 San Diego State University, University of Texas, El Paso, University of Utah and University of Wyoming was very familiar to Ben Brooks who completed his graduate studies at Brigham Young University and Gary Bowie who attended the University of Utah. The delegates broke from the meeting at Mount Royal College, each with specific duties to complete prior to the next official meeting of the Western Inter-College Conference to be held at Mount Royal College on April 26, 1964. As the delegates looked for a starting point in terms of developing a constitution for their new confer­ ence, both Gary Bowie and Ben Brooks suggested using a constitution most familiar to them as a model for consid­ eration, that being the Constitution of the Western Athletic Conference. The constitution was in fact accepted by the delegates as a working model and the Constitutional Committee set about rewriting and adapting the model to conform to the needs of two-year institutions in Alberta. Subsequent to the second meeting, each of the committees of the first Conference Council had met in separate two-day meetings- No minutes were kept of these meetings and the chairmen of the respective committees were asked to report on their committee work at the Conference Council meeting in April. The Constitution of the Western Inter-College Conference which had been adapted from the Western Athletic Conference in the United States was accepted at this meeting and was signed by the membership in due course. The constitution provided for two governing bodies of the conference composed of the Administrative Council and the Conference Council. The Administrative Council was to be composed of the chief administrative officer of each member institution, according to the wishes of the delegates to the first organizational meeting. The Administrative Council was given the power and duty to review, revise, or disapprove any action, legislation or otherwise taken by the Conference Council. They were also to initiate, determine, or repeal any legislative policy or activity of, or pertaining to the conference. The Conference Council on the other hand was to be composed of an athletic director and a faculty representative from each of the member institutions* The general powers and duties of this group were to formulate and recommend for the approval of the Administrative Council any measures or matters pertaining to general legislation, policies, functions, activities or welfare of the conference. This included the formulation of an annual budget, the levying of appropriate assessments upon members, or the making of such other appropriations or provisions deemed necessary for meeting the financial requirements of the conference. All matters of the council business were to be transmitted to the Administra tive Council by minutes of the meeting. The 38 Administrative Council would meet annually as soon as possible after the Conference Council to review, approve or disapprove the recommendations forwarded by the Conference Council. The adoption of the constitution by the member­ ship also sanctioned the official name of the organiza­ tion as the Western Inter-College Conference. The original charter members of the conference were composed of the following institutions: Lethbridge Junior College Northern Alberta Institute of Technology Camrose Lutheran College Mount Royal College Southern Alberta Institute of Technology (72) As this first official meeting was in actuality a business meeting to prepare the conference for its first season of competition, much of the discussion during this meeting was to that end. The report of the Rules Committee, whose job it was to establish the operating code for the conference, was presented for ratification. The operating code was basically a summation of input for its members as opposed to the constitution which had a model. The members incorporated the rules governing the conference and its athletic activities in the manner in which they felt would best emulate the philosophy and objectives of the organization. The meeting subsequently designated basketball as the only official sport of the conference for the 1964-1965 season and that all other 39 activities such as volleyball, hockey, cross-country run­ ning, curling, bowling, badminton and table tennis would be held on an exhibition basis among interested parties- The first executive officers of the Western Inter- College Conference were: Mr- Gary Bowie (LJC) Chairman Mr. Ben Brooks (MRC) Vice-Chairman Mr- A1 Buttle (SAIT) Secretary Mr- Gary Meadus (NAIT) Treasurer (72) Mr. W. J- Collett, Principal of Mount Royal College was designated the responsibility of organizing the Adminis­ trative Council- Mr- Dean Benett from Lethbridge was named at a later date as the first Conference Commissioner, whose job would be to act as interpreter of the consti­ tution and operating code. Although no mention is made in the minutes of the April 26, 1964 meeting, the role of establishing competi­ tions for the cultural events at the colleges was left to the faculty representatives as members of the Conference Council. In the first press release of the Western Inter- College Conference, Mr. Gary Bowie, Chairman of the Conference Council, is quoted as saying the purpose of the conference is, "to encourage student participation in various athletic and cultural events by means of competi­ tion among the various junior colleges and institutes of technology" (34). Mr. Bowie goes on later in the press release to say, "on the cultural side, plans are being laid to include debating, public speaking, drama and a 40 competition for the "best newspaper and yearbook" (34)• In March of 19^5 at a meeting hosted by the Northern Alberta Institute of Technology, the Conference Council approved the admission of Red Deer Junior College, Alberta College and the University of Alberta, Calgary, to the Western Inter-College Conference (74). Alberta College subsequently withdrew from the conference prior to the 1965-1966 season due to financial difficulties. At the same meeting, the WICC was organized into north and south divisions, with the south including all schools from Calgary south and the north including all schools from Red Deer north. The sports of hockey, wrestling, golf and volleyball were added to the list of officially sanctioned sports for the 1965-1966 season (74). On the subject of women's sports in the confer­ ence, there appeared to be a lack of emphasis on women's events as opposed to men's events initially. Events such as canoeing, bowling, curling, often included a men's and mixed team but no women's teams. When interviewing various conference executives on this point, they insisted that the lack of emphasis on women's activities was not an intentional outcome. Rather, they cited two reasons, one being the largely male dominated population at the col­ leges during that time period. The second being, the fact that many of the professional leaders in the conference had received their training in the United States where in women's sports were not; strongly developed during this time period, could also have contributed to the stronger emphasis on male sports. A short eleven months after the inception of the conference, the first indications that perhaps the athletic and cultural events concept were not going to survive together "became evident. The minutes of the March 13» 19^5 meeting of the Conference Council reflect that the cultural representatives to the conference had provided little direction and therefore, a proposed "Hootenanny" would be canceled (73)* Subsequent to this report a move to include a music festival involving bands, choirs and individual performers was tabled until such time that the cultural activities of the conference could be discussed (73)* The ensuing discussions resolved that a permanent cultural representative from each member institution should be appointed by the respective chief administrators to sit on the Conference Council. In addition, the Cultural Committee as it would be referred to, would be empowered to select an Executive Committee to include a chairman, vice-chairman, secretary-treasurer and further that the Chairman of the Cultural Committee would become a member of the Executive Committee of the Conference Council (73)- Although the intention of delegates when they first met in 1963 was that meetings of the Conference k2 Council would be held annually, they could not have fore­ seen in those crucial first months the mammoth task which lay ahead for them and the necessity to meet in some cases three and four times a year. Thus, within a matter of days of the previous meeting, a second meeting was called for March 27, 19&5- At this meeting the previous wishes of the Conference Council were carried out and the Cultural Committee composed of cultural representatives from each of the member institutions chose Mr. Pat Webb from Lethbridge Junior College as the first Chairman of the Fine Arts section (7^)• The operating code was immediately revised to include a Vice-Chairman (Athletics) and a Vice-Chairman (Fine Arts) to the Conference Council Executive Committee. At this meeting, the Conference Council endorsed the admission of the University of Alberta, Edmonton to the WICC (7*0 • Since participation in the conference still did not hinge on competing in "X" number of activi­ ties and since the University of Alberta, Edmonton was already a full member of the Western Canada Intercol­ legiate Athletic Association, the university saw the Western Inter-College Conference as an ideal format for participation of its men's junior varsity basketball program only. This was to be a contentious issue in what continued to be a somewhat stormy relationship between the universities and colleges. The conference members did not view the universities as having the same degree of dedication to the development of the Western Inter- College Conference as they did. The universities were not prepared to commit the same degree of financial support to their junior varsity program as the other colleges were prepared to commit to their individual varsity programs. Mr. Bowie, during his interview, submitted to the writer that the attitude of the member colleges to the participation of the universities was somewhat a sign of the times (26). As mentioned in Chapter 2, during this period of development in the college system the junior colleges and many of those that had gone public were still affiliated with the universities to varying degrees* The Junior College Committee was still mandated to screen rigorously the college instructors and academic standards of the institutions- The members of the Conference Council, many who had been subject to academic screenings, saw the establishment of their own conference for two-year schools as an opportunity to be creative and out from under the thumb of the universities- Therefore, members resisted strongly any hint of dominance or attempt to dictate by the universities in the conference, especially when they were involved in only one specific area of interest. The first item of business ever put forward by the University of Alberta, Edmonton in 1965 suggested that the conference give consideration to changing its name because of its close similarity to the already established kk

Western Canada Intercollegiate Athletic Association Confer­ ence (74). The council referred the matter to the Adminis­ trative Council for possible consideration of a name change. The issue would be raised again at the subsequent meeting when no apparent action had been taken by the Administrative Council. The members of the Conference Council continued to resist the universities' wishes, culminating in a motion put forward by a controversial and colorful Englishman who was the cultural representative from Red Deer Junior College, Mr. Gil Farthing. "That the Administrative Council be requested to contact the WCIAA proposing that this group change its name so as to elimi­ nate the confusion that now exists" (75)• The motion was subsequently defeated and replaced by a reaffirmation that the Conference Council was opposed to a change of name of the conference.

By October, 1965 "the conference had received notification of interest by Medicine Hat Junior College in joining the WICC (75)* The conference allowed Medicine Hat to participate in cross-country running and golf on an exhibition basis until such time as it was prepared to take formal action in terms of entry to the WICC • After a short one-year association with the Western Inter-College Conference, the University of Alberta, Edmonton informed the conference members it would not be participating in the WICC for the 1966-67 season citing financial difficulties in fielding a junior varsity 45 program as the reason (7&)• The spot vacated by the university was quickly taken by Olds Agricultural and Vocational College which formally applied for admission to the WICC in April, 1966 (76). Although Olds was allowed to enter the conference to participate in basketball initially, they were also strongly urged to add at least one cultural activity and at least one other athletic activity in the near future. Olds was to be later relieved of its commitment in women's basketball due to its inability to field a team and therefore, participated in men's basketball only for the 1966-67 season. At the annual fall meeting of the Conference Council the members sought harsh disciplinary action by the Administrative Council against the University of Alberta, Calgary for its late notification of withdrawal from WICC activities for the 1966-67 season. The univer­ sity had cited drastic budget cutbacks as the reason for its abolishment of the junior varsity program, but would endeavor to have the program back in place for the 1967-68 season. The Administrative Council accepted the reasoning given by the University of Alberta, Calgary and was allowed to withdraw from the conference for the 1966-67 season (77)• Thus, both universities, Edmonton and Calgary, had effectively withdrawn from WICC play for the

1966-67 season. In 1967» Mr- W. J. Collett, Principal, Mount Royal College, stepped down as Chairman of the 46 Administrative Council leaving the task of replacing his position to the Conference Council Chairman. This task was never completed as the council had found that the Administrative Council was no longer needed as a leader­ ship force. The Administrative Council from its begin­ ning allowed the athletic directors a great deal of latitude in the operation of the conference. Their administrative duties in other areas realistically did not allow them to spend the time in the day-to-day operation of the Western Inter-College Conference; therefore, they rarely exercised the power accorded to them by the consti­ tution. Thus, a Notice of Motion was made in April, 1968 to have the role of the Administrative Council struck from the constitution (78). The motion was subsequently passed in the fall of 1968 and all references to the Administra­ tive Council were struck from the constitution and operating code (78). As a result of the abolishment of the Administrative Council, the titles of the Conference Council's Executive Committee changed to president, vice- president and immediate past president. This was to be a significant point in the further development of athletics in Alberta colleges. The chief administrative officers of the institutions were relin­ quishing the power of control and direction to the athletic directors, a move which was predicated and substantiated on trust and confidence in the athletic directors by the presidents and principals- Although the 47 chief administrators were giving up formalized control in terms of the constitution, ultimately as heads of their institutions they could veto any of their own school's involvement in conference activities which would have a negative effect on the finances or philosophies of their schools. By 1968 the conference had undertaken a major revision of its operating code which included two types of membership in the conference (79)' They were to be clas­ sified full member and associate member. The full member would be required to receive unanimous approval from the membership and required to compete in one of the league sports, namely men's or women's basketball or men's hockey. Further they were to compete in four or more optional tournament sports in the men's program and two or more optional tournament sports in the women's program. The associate member would be required to participate in four or more sports in the men's program and two or more sports in the women's program. The status of membership was also reflected in the number of votes allocated, whereas a full member would have two votes and an associate member would have one vote. The concept of a Western Inter-College Conference as envisioned at the first meeting in 1963 had not fully developed in terms of western involvement. Although periodic interest had been shown by British Columbia and Saskatchewan schools at various times, these programs did 48 not have the resources to be involved to the degree necessary with the Alberta schools. In the main, the conference had a membership of exclusively Alberta insti­ tutions. Therefore, in the spring of 19&9 a motion was tabled to change the conference name to the Alberta Inter- College Conference. At a later meeting on September 27,

1968 at Olds Agricultural and Vocational College a motion was passed to change the conference name to the Alberta

College Athletic Conference (79)- Also, in 1968 the arts section of what was now the Alberta College Athletic Conference was allowed to withdraw (79)- The arts and cultural concept was unique in its inclusion as part of what was in the main an athletic organization. However, the Fine Arts component never really met with much success in terms of establishing a strong organizational base for the staging of cultural events. The reasons given for this lack of success were varied from the individuals interviewed. Mr. Pat Webb from Lethbridge Community College, the first Chairman of the arts section, cited the fact that funding from student unions was weak for cultural events, with larger alloca­ tions of funds being made to the athletic programs (70). Mr. Webb also felt that during the time that the arts component of the conference was trying to develop cooper­ ative activities, the population was experiencing changes in trends and interests (70). An example would be the strong popularity of "Hootenannies" in the early sixties 4-9 was no longer as popular in -the latter sixties. Mr- Webb also felt that the faculty representation to the arts section from the institutions fluctuated drastically which made it difficult to attain continuity, as well as the individuals involved had varying levels of drive and energy towards developing the activities of the organiza­ tion. Mr- Ben Brooks, first Vice-Chairman of the confer­ ence indicated that it was never the intent of the athletic section of the conference to dictate to the arts section, but rather to initiate the momentum for the arts component to get started and act as a model for its own organization (27). The athletic component encouraged the arts section to develop its own constitution and operating code as a concession to the arts people who did not want to be administered by athletic directors. Mr. Wayne Lalor, Vice-Chairman (athletics) of the conference in 1968, felt that in his view the demise of the arts component was tied to its apparent inability to be flexible within itself (45)- Institutions with a strong component in the area of music or drama for instance, were not necessarily interested in cultivating interest in the areas of debating, newspaper, or yearbook. Therefore, institutions were interested mainly in their "own thing" as opposed to fostering a slate of activities to enhance and perpetuate the development of cultural 50 activities on a competitive basis among the schools- Although the reasoning for the departure of the arts section from the conference was varied and contained in personal viewpoints from different perspectives, there appeared to be enough evidence to indicate that the two components, arts and athletics would not survive together from the outset. There is little doubt that Mr. Ben Brooks and Mr. Gary Bowie, in their desire to formulate an athletic conference for two-year institutions knew they had to have a stronger argument for the presidents than just athletics alone, if it were to be acceptable. There was even a suggestion that the concept of an athletic conference was for the enhancement of basketball alone and that the addition of other sports was to strengthen the proposal. Therefore, the drive and impetus for the form­ ation of a conference was manifested by athletics and by professionals who received their formal education and background in the areas of physical education and athletics. This was the initiative and inertia referred to by Ben Brooks to help get the arts component off the ground. Once established as a working entity within the framework of the Western Inter-Collegiate Conference, the two components, arts and athletics would branch off as separate and healthy organizations. However, the arts section was never able to reach its goal or potential due to the reasons stated, not the least of which was its 51 perceived fear of being overshadowed by athletics. In February 1969. Medicine Hat Junior College was elevated to full member status commencing the 1969-70 season (1). Medicine Hat had been competing on an exhibi­ tion basis in a few selected activities. This year also saw the official departure of the University of Alberta, Calgary from the Alberta College Athletic Conference and was to be the end of its affiliation with the ACAC. The conference now had a membership of eight institutions: Northern Alberta Institute of Technology Southern Alberta Institute of Technology Mount Royal College Lethbridge Junior College Olds Agricultural and Vocational College Red Deer Junior College Medicine Hat Junior College Camrose Lutheran College To this point in the development of college athletic programs, the membership had been united in its efforts to create a strong athletic conference with a sound basis of operation and control i.e., constitution and operating code. Although keen competition and compet­ itive teams were ultimate goals of the institutions, there were no apparent incidents of a significant nature which had its beginnings motivated by "winning" and "success" aspirations. However, as the conference moved into the seventies in the next chapter, there appeared to be a marked change in emphasis towards winning and success as the sports themselves become more sophisticated in terms of schedules, number of contests and playoffs. The intensity was further enhanced as the conference itself negotiated opportunities for its athletes to advance to regional and national competitions among other college athletes• Chapter 5

ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE ALBERTA COLLEGE ATHLETIC CONFERENCE 1970-1975

The newly named Alberta College Athletic Confer­ ence had experienced a tremendous amount of rapid growth in a short period of time. The groundwork had been laid for the foundation of a strong athletic conference. Throughout the seventies, adjustments would be made to the operating code and constitution to adapt to the addition of new sports or improvement of existing activities.

College enrollments were growing which was reflected in larger athletic budgets allowing athletic activities in the conference to include more games, to add playoffs and to create more opportunities for travel. The seventies began with the first major contro­ versy facing the membership. The issue surrounded the loss of one of the conference's charter members, Lethbridge Community College. During this time Mr. Ben Brooks had assumed the position of Athletic Director at Lethbridge. As a result of severe financial restraints and the wish of Mr. Brooks to have the school adminis­ tration declare its position relative to support of the athletic program, he was faced with the decision of being able to support financially a mediocre athletic program or

53 54 a relatively strong intramural program. The decision was to support the intramural program in the hope that the institution's departure from competitive athletics would result in a significant student reaction for its return. During this same time frame, the ACAC had taken a further step in its development on a regional basis by entering into an affiliation on December 17. 1970 with the three other western provinces to formulate the 4-West Conference (33)* The purpose of the 4-West Conference was to organize and administer championships involving the championship teams from British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba in selected sports—men's and women's basketball and volleyball and men's hockey. The first 4-West Championships were staged in the spring of 1971 (33)- The following year the sports of badminton and curling were added. In view of the fact that the 4-West Championships were now available for ACAC winners, Mr. Brooks challenged the ACAC's right to send its own champion and requested the ability to challenge the Alberta winner for the right to represent the province at the 4-West Championships. This, of course, was an unprecedented request of the conference and one which initiated long debate on its resolution. Had it not been that the request was being made by a founding institution of the conference and further by one of the founding personalities it would not have been given serious consideration. As a result of 55 these two factors the conference representatives debated at length on the topic at the fall meeting September 24, 1971 at NAIT (3)* As unusual as the challenge concept would have appeared to be, there was enough support among conference members to warrant its serious consideration. Attempts at the meeting by those members in opposition to the concept and who felt the ACAC should be the official body through which representatives advanced to the 4-West Championships were defeated. The membership seemed torn between the constitutional question of being the controlling body for the declaration of champions and the moral question of allowing an independent college and former founding member to challenge the conference champions• The conference settled in principle on the side of the constitution by passing a motion reaffirming that the ACAC be the official body through which Alberta representatives to the 4-West Championships be chosen (3)* However, the president was given the task of structuring a committee to determine a means of incorporating non ACAC participants to enter playoffs for the 4-West Champion­ ships in 1971-72. The President, Mr. Wayne Lalor of Red Deer

College and his committee met on December 15» 1971 to draft a set of recommendations for a playoff structure for the 1971-72 4-West Championships. The recommendations 56

were subsequently ratified at the conference's January 7>

1972 meeting at Red Deer College (5)* The essence of the report was to recommend that the ACAC sanction the right of teams who do not participate in ACAC competition, be eligible to challenge the ACAC champions in the sports of men's and women's basketball, volleyball, men's hockey, badminton and curling. As a result of its acceptance of the committee's report, the ACAC received its first challenges from Lethbridge Community College in the sports of badminton and men's basketball, as well as from Mount Royal College in men's hockey (44). Mount Royal College, a full member of the conference at the time, had developed a highly competitive hockey program but had not participated in the College Hockey League since 1969. The college chose

rather to compete in the Highwood League in 1969-70 and

the Alberta Junior Hockey League (AJHL) in 1970-71- The challenge matches never took place, as the legitimate ACAC champions advanced to the 4-West Champion­ ships* At the subsequent spring meetings, Lethbridge Community College's application for a return to full membership status in the conference was accepted (5)- Mount Royal College also sought reentry into the Alberta

College Hockey League for the 1972-73 season. Although having just completed a very successful season by finishing first in the Alberta Junior Hockey League, Mount Royal College's academic administrators could not in 57 all good conscience support a proposed increase in the game schedule "by the AJHL for its student athletes in the following season. Therefore, the school looked to a return to the ACAC Hockey League as an acceptable alternative, finding its twenty-five game schedule much more palatible. Once Lethbridge and Mount Royal had moved within the jurisdiction of the ACAC the conference delegates moved quickly to prohibit the concept of challenging ACAC schools by nonmember schools to become a reality in the future. A motion was passed to make the ACAC the official body through which schools must be selected for participa­ tion in the 4-West Championships- "Moved that to be eligible for the 4-West Championships, the institution must compete with the ACAC for the 72/73 season in that particular sport (Strifler/Fogg)" (5)- A new member was added to the conference of 1970 with the unanimous acceptance of Grande Prairie Regional College to associate member status, effective the 1971-72 season. Grande Prairie would participate in the sports of badminton, bowling and curling (2). By 1968 the conference had eliminated its north- south split arrangement for basketball and had gone to a full interlocking schedule involving all teams in a home and away schedule. However, no playoffs were held and league winners would be named champions. By 1970 there was a strong desire by the membership to develop a playoff structure for both basketball and hockey. Therefore, commencing in the 1971-72 seasons, basketball would have a single knockout playoff tournament among the top four finishers after league play. Hockey would determine its playoff structure based on the number of teams competing in the league. During the course of deliberations on the chal­ lenge issue involving Lethbridge Community College, the membership felt that perhaps further study needed to take place regarding the efficient operation of the conference. The question that was being asked, was whether the confer­ ence was promoting the best level of competition among the institutions in comparison to the dollars being spent by each institution. Perhaps there was a way of being more efficient financially while at the same time enhancing the competitive level of the conference. Arne Donovan, Athletic Director at Camrose Lutheran College was given the task in the fall of 1971 of convening a committee to study the feasibility of stratification of the confer­ ence (3)- The study was to take into consideration the feasibility of regionalizing competition with consider­ ation of various factors. Those factors to be geograph­ ical location of colleges, the relative population of colleges and the relative competitive ability of colleges among themselves were to be taken into consideration by the committee. The underlying objective was to develop and recommend the most viable type of competition that the conference should be involved in for each one of its 59 sports- Mr- Donovan's report at the next council meeting recommended that the tournament sports "be left unchanged in the conference, in that they were providing the best element of competition readily available based on numbers of athletes and finances available. The committee recommended the abolishment of ACAC Hockey in favor of a new league. This new league would include present conference members NAIT, SAIT, RDC, CLC, along with the addition of the University of Alberta and the University of Calgary junior varsity teams as well as Mount Royal College and Lethbridge Community College. These suggestions were to be further studied by a Hockey Committee with the goal of improving the viability of ACAC Hockey. The Stratification Committee further suggested the extension of the basketball preseason so as to provide time for several tourna­ ments. The committee somewhat skirted the issue on a return to a north-south split in basketball by submitting two proposals. One to leave the league play and structure as it was with one league, or create a league with a north division consisting of NAIT, CLC, RDC, OAVC and a south division consisting of MRC, MHC, SAIT and inviting the University of Lethbridge to play. The conference in reaction to the report made by Mr. Donovan accepted all of the recommendations, while referring the hockey question for further study and accepting the league play and scheduling format for a single league in "basketball (6). The Hockey Committee would further recommend the retention of hockey in the ACAC with the formation of a six team league to include MRC, RDC, SAIT, NAIT, CLC and the University of Lethbridge Also included were concessions for Olds College and Grande Prairie College to play exhibition games. Since this proposal was the recommendation of the Hockey Committee and deemed by them to be in the best interests of the ACAC Hockey League, the conference approved the inclusion of the University of Lethbridge into its league for the 1972-73 season (5)- However, before the league could get underway, the University of Lethbridge withdrew from the league serving notice at the fall conference meeting on October 6, 1972 at Mount Royal College. The question of the split in the basketball league would come up for consideration again by the conference in the near future. The source of contention was the relative strength and competitiveness of the northern schools as perceived by the southern schools- In particular Lethbridge Community College, which had been reinstated to the conference and Mount Royal College had developed highly competitive programs at their institutions. From the perspective of these two schools, they did not feel that it was in the best interest of their programs to spend travel dollars to play comparatively weaker northern teams- They could see 61 their programs better developed by applying those same travel dollars to a smaller schedule of conference teams and an equal amount of competition against independent schools, such as could be found across the American border. However, the argument met with little acceptance from the northern schools who needed competition against schools such as lethbridge and Mount Royal if they even hoped to be competitive. They feared the development of a mediocre northern division who would never get adequate exposure to the top teams enough times to become better. The argument was not always accepted by other schools in the south which were not as competitive as Lethbridge or Mount Royal, but were every bit as competitive as one of the northern teams. Therefore, a split in the league could virtually banish one or more of these comparatively less competitive teams to the basement of the division with little hope of ever making a playoff spot but yet in fact be as good or better than the team(s) that would emerge from the northern division. Ben Brooks who was the only Athletic Director at the time who reported directly to the president of his institution is credited with resurrecting the reinvolve­ ment of the presidents in the conference. Since 1968, the presidents had allowed the operations of the conference to go on virtually untouched. At this juncture, there was a rekindling of interest by the presidents on the question of stratification. Their interests were financially 62 driven in the main, in an attempt to reduce and make more efficient the costs of operation for athletics in the province• This concern took on an even greater meaning when the conference accepted Grande Prairie Regional College into "basketball for the 1972-73 season at its meeting April 14, 1972 in Medicine Hat (5)* Lethbridge had just been reinstated at the same meeting to full member status and could potentially be facing a one way trip in excess of 1,000 miles to play in Grande Prairie. After the ramifications of the motion began to take effect during the meeting, a second motion by Ken Tidsbury (SAIT) seconded by Neil Russell (MHC) was made. The second motion had as its intent, the rescinding of the January 7> 1971 motion to have the league play and scheduling format remain as it stood (5)* The motion was defeated in its ( attempt to have the north-south split re-examined. Both SAIT and Medicine Hat now tended to be in closer agreement with Lethbridge and Mount Royal on the need for a split based on the increased costs to their athletic budgets of a trip to Grande Prairie. This financial element was coupled with the recognition that the team in Grande Prairie would be in its first year of operation and it was uncertain as to what type of competition it would provide. The question was referred to the scheduling meeting for basketball held in Red Deer some four days later. The concerns were not resolved totally for the 63 72-73 season except to establish double header games on weekends with Grande Prairie, so that half the conference would travel to Grande Prairie, the other half would host Grande Prairie with the schedule flip-flopping each year. The question of the north-south split again reared its head at the conference's fall meetings on October 16, 1972 at Mount Royal College (7)* Ben Brooks again introduced the subject for consideration of insti­ tuting a split subsequent to the 1972-73 seasons. The question was turned over to a volunteer committee of six delegates for further study. The North-South Committee (as it began to be referred to), took a course of action to initiate a questionnaire designed to solicit from the membership a declaration of their priorities as it pertained to ACAC activities. The results of these findings were incorporated into a proposal presented by the North-South Committee in April of 1973 and further incorporated into a full league schedule in basketball for the 1973-74 season (8). The argument of a north-south split had been laid to rest for the time being but the topic was by no means buried. At the ACAC meetings in the spring of 1973, "the conference approved the application of Olds College to the ACAC Hockey League (8). The league also entertained a reapplication from the University of Lethbridge to reenter hockey (8). The league officials were not as quick to induct the University of Lethbridge to the league after 64 their late withdrawal the previous year and imposed condi­ tions requiring a $2,000 bond, a two-year commitment and a requirement to abide by the ACAC Constitution and operating code. The motion for acceptance was tabled until the University of Lethbridge could respond to the conditions- A subsequent mail vote of the membership approved the application (64)- The ACAC Hockey League now rose to seven participating schools- By the fall of 1973 "the conference had expanded its membership to ten schools with the acceptance of Vermillion College and Grant MacEwan College as associate members (9)- Vermillion would compete in volleyball, badminton, wrestling and curling for the 1974-75 season while Grant MacEwan would compete in basketball, volley­ ball, bowling, badminton and curling for 1974-75- At the same meeting Grande Prairie Regional College was accepted as a full member of the ACAC commencing in the 1974-75 season. As stated before, the Alberta College Athletic Conference joined in 1970 with the other three western provinces to formulate the 4-West Conference. This amalgamation for the express purpose of organizing and administering championships for provincial champions is credited with forming the cornerstone for the development of a national college association- Interprovincial competitions were directly responsible for the growing desire among provincial conferences to initiate national 65 championships. Therefore, in 1972, Mr. Don Stouffer from Mount Royal College, acting in his capacity as 4-West President, convened a meeting in Quebec City with Mr- Wayne Haliwell from Dawson College, Montreal and with Mr. A1 Hoffman and Mr. Jack Costello from St. Clair College, Windsor to meet a representative from Sport Canada, Mr. A. J. (Bud) Fraser- The result of the meeting was the formation of an "Ad Hoc Steering Committee on the formation of a national association to promote college athletics" (33>12)• A second meeting was convened in October, 1972, to which fourteen college representatives from British Columbia, Alberta, Ontario and Quebec attended. The meeting established the name of the association as the Canadian College Athletic Association (CCAA), composed of the following four regions: 4-West, Ontario, Quebec, Atlantic (33J12). The body received its first official recognition in early 1973 when it received funds from Sport Canada to support travel costs for delegates to attend its first annual general meeting. The founding meeting was held at Mount Royal College on June 29, 30» 1973 hosted by Don Stouffer- The meeting attracted delegates from all four regions representing some 110 colleges across Canada (33{12)- The first national championship tournaments were not held until 1974 in the sports of men's basketball and hockey. The first CCAA championship in men's basketball was hosted "by Mount Royal College in 197^-75 and the first hockey championship was hosted by the College of Cape Breton in Sydney, Nova Scotia. The establishment of the Canadian Colleges Athletic Association Championships in 197^-75 put the final link in place giving Alberta college athletes the chance to compete on a national scale. Although access to the national championship tournaments had to be via the 4-West Championship, the opportunities were neverthe­ less available. Athletic conferences did not gain direct access to the national championships for its champions

until 1980. The Canadian College Championships exper­ ienced remarkably rapid growth with the introduction of women's basketball championships in 1978, men's and women's volleyball in 1979 and badminton in 1982. Alberta schools would distinguish themselves early in the outset of the CCAA Championships. Camrose Lutheran College captured the first Canadian Colleges Hockey Championship in 1975* The following two years, Lethbridge Community College distinguished itself and the ACAC by winning two bronze medals in men's basketball. Red Deer College captured the hockey championship in 1977- In 1979 > Red Deer College won a silver in hockey and a bronze in the first sanctioned women's volleyball champion ships* In 1979» Mount Royal College distinguished itself in CCAA and ACAC history by winning a gold medal in men's basketball, a gold in the very first sanctioned men's 67 volleyball championships and a bronze in the women's volleyball tournament. The ACAC would further enhance its domination of college hockey in Canada that same year with Red Deer College once again winning a gold medal and SAIT winning the silver. The 1980 championships would see the emergence of the strength and balance of athletics in the province as four different ACAC schools placed in the medals. Red Deer College captured the hockey championship once again with SAIT collecting a silver. Grant MacEwan's women's volleyball team won a silver while Mount Royal College's women's basketball team won a bronze medal. In

I98I, the ACAC picked up three medals at the national championships with SAIT winning the gold in hockey, Grant MacEwan College again winning a silver in women's volley­ ball and Red Deer College winning a bronze in men's

volleyball. The 1982 championships hosted in Calgary by SAIT and Mount Royal College would be the greatest domina­ tion by Alberta schools to date in the history of the CCAA Championships. No less than five Alberta colleges would win a total of eight medals- SAIT led the way with a gold medal in men's basketball, a silver in men's volleyball and a bronze in women's volleyball. Mount Royal College followed with a gold in men's volleyball and gold in men's doubles badminton in the first year of the championships. Red Deer College won a silver in women's volleyball. Medicine Hat College won its first CCAA medal with a bronze finish in women's basketball and NAIT captured not 68 only its first medal "but its first national championship in hockey. The ACAC has presently distinguished itself on the national level by being second only to the province of Quebec in total medals won (32:29)' In retrospect, the development of the ACAC has obviously been a period of rapid growth both in terms of the number of colleges involved in the conference, as well as the number of activities offered. Economically, the colleges and athletic programs have experienced fairly dramatic upswings in student enrollments allowing for expansion and growth in the athletics area. The period of development in the next chapter will show a marked change in the growth pattern previously experienced. The key to issues in the next period of the conference's development will be financially driven. Restraint and cutbacks will be key motivators in the direction of the ACAC as it moves into the eighties- Chapter 6

ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE I976-I98I

The outset of this era in ACAC history was signif­ icantly marked "by the return of the active involvement of the chief administrative officers of the institutions into the operations of the conference. Virtually since the elimination of the Administrative Council from the consti­ tution in 1968, the decisions and management of the conference had "been left in the hands of the athletic directors. This meant that these individuals were making decisions on behalf of their institutions that carried a definite financial and philosophical impact. Although the lines of communication obviously existed within each institution, the chief administrators to a great extent were not wholly cognizant of the intricacies and complex­ ities of the conference. As Wayne Lalor, then Athletic Director at Red Deer College would point out in his inter­ view, "The conference was experiencing its second genera­ tion of college presidents" (^5)- In the main, a large majority of chief administrative officers had left their institutions since the inception of the conferences in 1963 and those that came in after 1968 had no inside knowledge of the conference because of the elimination of the

69 70 Administration Council. This new generation of presidents wanted to know more about the Alberta College Athletic Conference and especially what ramifications it was imparting on their institutions. As stated earlier, the ACAC had grown to a sizeable entity both in numbers of sports and partici­ pants as well as sizeable budget requirements to support those programs. The presidents chose the Committee of Presidents of Public Colleges of Alberta as the vehicle to communi­ cate with the ACAC. In the spring of 1975> "the Presidents' Committee made a request to the ACAC President, Don Stouffer, asking that a detailed report be compiled on the financial breakdown by sport for each of the member colleges (10). The request was only made of the six public colleges: Mount Royal, Lethbridge, Medicine Hat, Grant MacEwan, Grande Prairie and Red Deer- The request did not include the technical schools NAIT and SAIT nor Olds Agricultural and Vocational College which were supported directly by the provincial government under the Department of Advanced Education. Camrose Lutheran College which is privately owned was also not included. At that meeting, a committee of two (Don Stouffer and Lynn Bannister from Mount Royal College) was given the task of compiling the requested information. The Presidents' Report, as it came to be known, was late in its compilation because of the slowness in 71 receiving responses from the colleges- The athletic directors appeared somewhat apprehensive and cautious about the requests from the presidents- The athletic directors were not opposed to submitting the data as the information was readily available at their institutions. Their real concerns revolved around the questions of why the presidents needed the information, but more impor­ tantly what would they do with the information once they received it? The final report giving complete financial breakdowns spent by each college on each sport and each facet of their athletic programs was presented to the presidents at their meeting of October, 1975 in Lethbridge. The athletic directors did not have to wait for a response from the Presidents' Committee. A response to the conference through Don Stouffer was made on February 3, 1976. The points discussed at the meeting were as follows: 1. Membership criterion is too restrictive and forcing teams into participation in sports in which they do not desire to participate. 2. Consideration of a north-south split for league as well as tournament sports. 3- Increased need for emphasis on public relations programs* Voiced and indicated they will write a letter of support for college athletics but that they will not provide a blank check and we should closely consider our budgets. 5- Consideration of a uniform fee subsidy for all athletes. 6. Need for heightened community involvement in terms of increased admissions and recognition. 7* Increased recognition of athletes—province- wide post season banquet. 8. The use of imports. 72 9' Constitutional review should be discussed with college presidents and greater input by- presidents into program offerings. 10. Conferencewide recognition of winners. 11. Question of billeting visiting teams (13)- The message from the presidents to the athletic directors was clear. The financial crunch was coming. How did the athletic directors propose to cut back their athletic programs financially in anticipation of increased costs? The presidents had offered their points of view for consideration. The conference unanimously passed a motion at that meeting to take steps to minimize their college athletic budgets from an operational perspective (13)• A special meeting of the Conference Council was called a month later on March 25, 1976 in Red Deer to discuss ways and means of reducing costs of the operations of the ACAC (14). The athletic directors perceived that the item of primary concern to the presidents was the issue of a north-south split. Therefore, the majority of the meeting was addressed to this concern. Each confer­ ence sport was analyzed as to the feasibility of effecting a split. The membership generally agreed that the sports of canoeing, cross-country running, golf, hockey, skiing (alpine) and wrestling should not be split. The ratio­ nale for this decision was based on the fact that these sports only had one tournament at present in the conference. In the case of hockey with only five teams in the league a 73 split did not seem feasible. The sport of bowling, bad­ minton and curling could split into two divisions for play and that the top two teams in each division would advance

to the conference playoff. Volleyball was being played on a tournament basis involving three tournaments a year

could split its schedule if eight or more teams were

involved. However, volleyball would not go to a full

league schedule unless the league did split.

The discussions which initiated the greatest

debate concerned the sport of basketball. The continued

controversy of the north-south split would once again

confront the membership. However, this time the cause for

debate would not be instigated by a member institution but

rather at the expressed will of the college presidents.

There was general acceptance among the membership

that the split in the league should take place geograph­

ically cutting the province in half. The problem however,

centered around which division Red Deer College would play

in, since a line across the province would create two

divisions of four teams each with Red Deer in the middle.

The north division would consist of Grande Prairie

Regional College, NAIT, Camrose Lutheran College and

Grant MacEwan. The south division consisted of SAIT,

Mount Royal College, Lethbridge Community College and

Medicine Hat College. During the course of the debate the

rather delicate issue of competitive abilities was discus­

sed. The northern teams continued to be perceived as the weak partners in the "basketball league and the stronger southern schools still opposed traveling great distances and spending large sums of travel dollars to meet less competitive teams. This attitude by the southern schools, particularly Mount Royal College and Lethbridge Community

College did nothing to endear themselves to their peers in the north.

However, in this particular question of a north- south split, the southern schools were not as concerned about the division as was Red Deer College. Although located virtually in the center of the conference, the school was viewed as a northern school from the perspec­ tive of other members. However, at this juncture in its athletic program, Red Deer College had a very strong women's basketball program that was dominating the province. Therefore, even though the membership perceived

Red Deer's natural position would be in the north, Red

Deer's Athletic Director Wayne Lalor, was adament that the school be assigned to the more competitive south division if he was to support the split. The tension created by the decision on what to do with the alignment of teams created more than a few animosities among the membership. The period definitely marked a significant shift in the growth pattern of college athletics in

Alberta. In its inception, colleges were concerned simply i with providing competitive outlets for its students. They were concerned more with the experience and process as opposed to the outcome measured in wins or losses and championships. However, with the growth of the league and the addition of medals, pennants, trophies and supremacy points the shift moved naturally to winning and achieve­ ment goals. This era marked the emergence of the "Pursuit of Excellence" philosophy in college athletics. The issue of splitting the conference in basket­ ball had eluded the question of financial feasibility and became an issue of competitive ability. Although the implication was that a division in the conference would create effective cost savings, no studies or reports were ever compiled to analyze the question in financial detail. The subsequent motion to accept the north-south split with Red Deer in the south was narrowly passed by a majority vote of eight to six (1^-). The northern schools voted strongly against the split because it created not only a division in the conference but served to create divisions attitudinally. The north schools perceived an intimation on the part of southern schools that they were not "good" enough to participate with the rest of the members of the league. This perceived attitude would serve only to harden positions of opposition between northern and southern colleges- The Executive Committee of the ACAC was also given the added task of investigating the possi­ bilities of the conference tendering its transportation, equipment and accommodation needs as a means of cost reduction to the individual institutions (14). 76

The annual spring meeting of the ACAC on April 22,

1976 would see the acceptance of Grant MacEwan College and

Olds College to full member status in the conference (15)*

This would mean that the conference now consisted of ten full members and no associate members* The meeting would also see the reopening of the north-south split issue. In this regard, Athletic Director Wayne Lalor of Red Deer had a somewhat change of heart from his previous position at the meetings in March. Wayne put forward a motion to have the question of a north-south split previously passed on

March 25. reconsidered. The motion was passed and the question of the north-south split with Red Deer in the south was once more open for debate (15)* The motion to reconsider made by Wayne Lalor was motivated by his close personal involvement with basketball at his institution and the wish to see basketball flourish in the conference.

Wayne himself, the coach of the men's basketball program at Red Deer, felt the split was not in the best interest of basketball in the ACAC. Although the split would benefit his program competitively, he perceived it would do nothing to improve the caliber of ball being presently played in the north and would perhaps even destroy pro­ grams there. Therefore, if a feasible solution were not available to split, the alternative would be to return to the full league schedule. The rationale obviously found strong support with the northern schools and the original motion was defeated twelve to five (15)- There was an attempt at that point "by Mount Royal's Athletic Director

Peter Esdale, seconded by the Mount Royal men's basketball

coach Jack Kenyon, to reword a motion which would in

effect create a north-south split geographically, placing

Red Deer in the north division. However, Wayne Lalor's

point had already been taken by the membership and the new

motion was soundly defeated thirteen to four (15)- The

basketball league would continue to play a full schedule

in 1976-1977-

Another interesting dichotomy is that this meeting

also marked the introduction of league play in volley­

ball for the conference. In effect what had started out

in March as a serious attempt to reduce costs in the

conference's operations had resulted in no change in the

basketball schedule and an increase in the volleyball

schedule from three tournaments to full league play.

Conspicuous by its absence in the minutes or correspon­

dence, is reference to any cost studies of any type having

been carried out to substantiate the decisions which had

been made.

There seems little wonder that the Presidents'

Committee did not look favorably on the apparent inaction

of the athletic directors to deal with the very real

problem of increased financial burdens to the institutions

being incurred by athletic programs. To appreciate the

concerns of the presidents fully, one must examine the budget practices of the provincial government and the institutions during this time frame. Up to the 1971-72 "budget year, institutions had been awarded operating grants from the government based on student enrollments. Therefore, institutions would ensure that enrollments were kept adequate by encouraging growth and new program development that would keep student numbers high. As college enrollments grew, so did the operating grants from the provincial government. The new Department of Advanced Education under the progressive conservative government introduced a funding formula to colleges based on full-time equivalents (FTE's). This funding method as explained in Chapter 1, remained in effect until 197^-75• However, in 1975-76 the funding scheme to insti­ tutions changed dramatically. The government introduced a new approach referred to as a "block grant system". The concept was that all budgets were frozen at the previous year's level plus a percentage increase to cover inflation and contract settlements and any further growth or increase had to be fully substantiated. Therefore, insti­ tutions would be receiving a flat budget figure with slight increments each year in spite of growth. Where previous budgets had encouraged institutions to grow in courses and offerings and enrollments, the task of halting or even slowing down that growth would not be an overnight job. As a result, allotments from the government were not keeping up with annual growth and expenses at the institu­ tions. Therefore, areas such as athletic programs in the institutions, which were continually fighting the philoso­ phical battle of justification, would come under financial scrutiny. The Committee of Public College Presidents met with the newly elected ACAC President, A1 Qually from Olds College at their meeting on May 26, 1976 (55)* The essence of the meeting was to reiterate to Mr. Qually their concerns about cutting costs in the ACAC. They wished to have the conference address itself to the ques­ tion of a north-south split, the restrictive nature of the membership requiring a school to participate in so many activities and the philosophical differences apparent among the institutions regarding "excellence" versus "participation". The presidents wished to meet with the athletic representatives on June 30, 1976 at Grant MacEwan College to discuss the issues further (55)* A1 Qually, at the time of his interview, indicated that the June 30, 1976 meeting was a good opportunity for the exchange of information between the presidents and athletic directors (5^)* "It had been very worthwhile in showing what were the broad problems being expressed," was the response to the meeting given by Bill Forbes, Chairman of the Presidents Committee in a follow-up letter to A1 Qually dated July 16, 1976 (37)* The presidents still wished the conference to meet on two specific issues- The question of the requirements for membership and the ques­ tion of seeking a conference consensus on "excellence" 80 versus "participation". The subject of the presidents' concerns was raised at the fall conference meeting held September 23, 1976 in Banff. On the matter of the constitutional requirements for membership in the conference, the delegates were in agreement that the ability for schools to pick and choose only those activities in which they wished to be involved or only those in which they were strongly competitive, should not be encouraged for the betterment and preservation of the conference (16). On the subject of "excellence" versus "partici­ pation" the conference delegates had difficulty speaking frankly and openly on the topic. The delegates generally accepted that in the main, the presidents were alluding to the technical institutes in the conference. These schools traditionally had participated in all of the conference sports and made no qualms about the fact that their objectives were to have as many students involved in as many of the activities available as possible. This approach seemed to be somewhat different from the majority of other colleges in the conference which chose to participate in only those activities in which they could afford, or in which they could be competitive, or that the student interest could justify involvement. The one college which seemed to satisfy both approaches by having teams in all events as well as being highly successful from a competitive point of view would be Red Deer College. The problem in dealing with this issue as presented earlier, was the fact that the two technical schools, SAIT and NAIT and Camrose Lutheran College were not members of the Committee of Presidents of Public Colleges of Alberta. Therefore, where did the jurisdic­ tion of the presidents lie in determining these schools' philosophical approach to their involvement with the conference? There was a sound belief on the part of these three schools that within the intricasies of their structure, their dedication to excellence and participa­ tion was every bit as sincere as those perceived in the public college system. The debate ended with a motion by Gary Meadus from NAIT: That the ACAC does not consider the pursuit of excellence and participation mutually exclusive goals and that we continue to review our constitution and operating code, allowing for both perspectives (16). (Carried unanimously) After the October meeting of the Committee of Presidents, A1 Qually reported to the Conference Council on November 5> 1976 by letter that the meeting had gone very well and that the majority of the presidents' concerns had been handled satisfactorily by the conference (56). A few minor points were raised in connection with ideas to improve media coverage, a request for a projected budget for the 1977-78 season and a concern about standardizing academic qualifications among the institu­ tions across the conference (56). For all intents and purposes, the requests and concerns of the presidents had been satisfactorily handled. The membership perceived that the presidents were satisfied and well aware of the operations of the ACAC by this point. However, events in the near future would lead the membership to believe that although the presidents were aware of the operations of the ACAC , they were perhaps in no way satisfied. Although the question of a north-south split seemed to have been appeased by a majority of the member­ ship rejecting the idea as not being in the best interests of basketball in the conference, Grande Prairie College, the most northern college in the conference, put forth a motion by its acting Athletic Director Larry Jacobs, to institute a north-south split in the conference for basketball and volleyball (17). The motivation for intro­ ducing the motion at the April 20, 1977 meeting was two­ fold. The first was the obvious financial strain a full schedule was placing on the athletic resources at Grande Prairie, not to mention the academic strain on the athletes. Grande Prairie athletes faced a road trip almost every weekend, of which the shortest would be in excess of three hundred miles one way. Obviously, a split made economical and academic sense to their institution. The second motivation was a perception in the minds of some of the athletic directors that a north-south split was the wish of the conference presidents. Although the presidents seemed to accept in principle the moral question of how a 83 split would effect the caliber of basketball in the conference, some athletic directors did not believe they accepted the argument totally. There were those athletic directors who felt that if the ACAC as a body did not implement a split on their own, that it would be done for them by the presidents. The majority of athletic direc­ tors did not accept the arguments put forward and the north-south split concept was defeated once again (17). During the deliberations with the presidents on ways and means which could be implemented to cut costs in the operation of the conference, the membership felt that an alternate source of funding besides student athletic fees and institutional budgets may have to be sought. The immediate candidate for funding that the conference felt it could legitimately approach was the provincial government, more specifically the Department of Alberta Parks, Recreation and Wildlife. The initial contact with the government was made by ACAC President, A1 Qually, in a letter to Mr. Dwight Ganske, Director of Sports and Fitness for the department (57)• The response was positive in that Mr. Ganske indicated that the government of Alberta was willing to explore the possibility of funding the ACAC (38). In reviewing the information from Mr. Ganske, the provincial government would not approve block funding to the conference to cover operational expenses, but could possibly provide administrative assistance through its grant structure. Since access to operational dollars to help out institutional budgets was not available, the conference embarked on plans to utilize what assistance was available. To that end the members were in agreement that the creation of a full-time Executive Director posi­ tion to administer the conference would be an asset

(17*12). Since all of the people involved in adminis­ tering the conference also had full-time teaching or administrative loads at their respective institutions and whereby the administration of the conference was becoming more time-consuming, the membership felt the concept of a full-time Executive Director was fully justified (38).

The Executive Committee was given the task of formulating a proposal and a tentative job description for an Executive Director, which was subsequently forwarded to the government. The members hoped that their proposal would be looked upon favorably by the government and that the ACAC might be viewed in a similar light to that of the

Alberta High Schools Association which were presently receiving $30,000 per year to fund a full-time Executive

Director's position.

The process was prolonged somewhat when Mr. Ganske responded to the proposal asking for more information about the organization. He wished to know the stated purpose and objective of the conference, a budget showing revenue and expenses and finally the most important point was informing the membership that the conference would have to be registered under the Societies Act of Alberta before any funding could be provided (18). The confer­ ence membership then embarked on the process of gathering

information for the incorporation of the ACAC and recon­ vened a special meeting on November 30, 1977 at NAIT to discuss the possibilities of provincial funding with

Mr. Ganske further. Mr- Ganske encouraged the conference to go ahead with proceedings for incorporation. He seemed positive that there were a great deal of similarities between the ACAC and Alberta High School Association which was already receiving funding (19)- President A1 Qually would write to the Minister of Recreation, Parks and Wildlife, the Honorable J. A. (Boomer) Adair, indicating the intent of the ACAC to apply for financial assistance in the hope that the conference would be viewed similarly to the AHSA (58). In the spring of 1978, the conference received word from the Minister's Office that it would not be receiving funding from his department (25). The Minister cited the reason for the rejection of the application as being that the funding of Alberta colleges may mean the department would also be obligated to fund the university athletic programs as well. The department in principle was not prepared to do either. The membership was understandably upset at the rejection of its proposal. The rewriting of the operating code and "bylaws of "the conference had been completed and accepted by the membership in preparation for application for incorporation. The membership voted to continue with the process in making the formal application for incorpo­ ration of the conference under the Societies Act of Alberta (20). In addition, the members felt they needed to solicit the assistance of a more powerful delegation in the form of the Committee of Public College Presidents of Alberta to champion their cause with the provincial government (20). The Conference Council decided that the presidents of each of the institutions should be the signing authority on the application. Therefore, a copy of the updated operating code, bylaws and application form was sent to each president with a master copy to be signed by each one and passed on until completed by all the schools. At this juncture the presidents seized the oppor­ tunity to reaffirm their jurisdiction over the operations of the conference. What was anticipated by the athletic directors to be a rubber stamping process on the part of the presidents was surprisingly flatly rejected by the Committee of Presidents. The Presidents' Committee indicated they were not in favor of the operating code and bylaws as they were presented and that they would undertake to revise the documents to their satisfaction. President Doug Lauchlan of Mount Royal College offered the services of his 87 college's solicitors in the rewriting of the documents. The reason for the presidents' opposition to the documents in the presented form was that they felt they were not being given enough direct control in the opera­ tion of the conference. In a meeting during this period of time with President Lauchlan of Mount Royal College, he indicated that in his view, what we have here is a classic case of "the tail wagging the dog". Mr. Lauchlan went on to cite examples of the presidents' perceived lack of control by referring to the incident of the north-south split as a method of cost reduction in the conference. Mr- Lauchlan firmly believed that the suggestion from the Presidents' Committee to implement a split was not in fact a concept open for debate, but rather one on which to take action. Mr. Lauchlan also expressed concern relative to the league scheduling process of making up schedules a full year in advance. This meant that athletic directors were making travel and game commitments to the league having financial implications on their institutions a full year before institutions have any idea of what their budgets will be. The presidents felt that perhaps the athletic directors ought not to be the persons making those decisions and perhaps they were in a better position to do so. Mr. Lauchlan's solution to the presidents' concerns was to rewrite the operating code and bylaws of the conference to include a second governing body called 88 the Board of Trustees (13)- The "board would be composed of the chief administrative officers of each institution and their role would be to review, revise, approve or disapprove of any action taken by the Conference Council (13)' They would also have the power to initiate, determine, or repeal any legislation, policy, or activity of or pertaining to the conference (13)* The powers of the Conference Council were then revised accordingly to allow the athletic directors only to formulate and recom­ mend for approval of the Board of Trustees any measures or matters pertaining to general legislation, policies, functions, activities, or welfare of the conference (13)• What President Lauchlan had in effect done was to have the constitution rewritten to reinstate the Administrative Council which had existed in the conference's original constitution from 1963 ^0 1968. The powers and duties of the Board of Trustees as outlined in the new constitution were an exact duplication of those held by the original Administrative Council (71)* The two draft constitutions were reviewed by the members of the conference at their spring meeting April 25, 26, 27, 1979 in Medicine Hat. The membership could appreciate the concerns of the presidents in wanting to have more control in the operations of the conference, especially in the light of the financial implications. However, the delegates felt that the original constitution gave the presidents that type of input through its two 89 delegates who sat on the Conference Council. One of the delegates would be the athletic director and the second delegate would be a member of the administration appointed by the president. The members felt that the constitution provided for that second delegate to be a board member or chief administrative officer, if required. Therefore, operational matters within the conference could be dealt with around the table with all concerned parties being a part of the decision-making process, as opposed to a cumbersome second body which met after the Conference

Council meetings to reject or ratify decisions made earlier.

The new ACAC President, Mr. Bob Waldenberger, of

Grande Prairie Regional College wrote back to the college presidents after the meeting, indicating that the athletic directors had considered the two documents and had unanimously endorsed the original constitution allowing for one governing body, namely the Conference Council

(69). In his letter he indicated the contention of the membership that the concerns of the presidents were ade­ quately addressed in the original document and urged all the chief administrators to expedite the process by signing and forwarding the document on for ratification.

A note of interest is that the chief administra­ tive officers of the schools outside the Committee of

Public College Presidents of Alberta namely NAIT, SAIT and

Camrose Lutheran College had been the first to sign the 90 documents- They did not share the concerns of their public college peers and were quite satisfied with the integrity and professionalism of their athletic directors to act in the best interests of their institutions. In some cases they were becoming annoyed that a satellite body to which they had no input was delaying the process which would eventually lead to the access of financial aid for administration purposes in the conference. Incorpo­ ration was also viewed as a step towards accessing other avenues within the provincial government for financial assistance and the delay created by the public college presidents to achieve incorporation was also delaying any possibility of further government assistance. Representatives of the college presidents and representatives of the ACAC met at Grant MacEwan College on November 1^, 1979 to discuss concerns and suggestions regarding the incorporation of the ACAC. A note of interest is that at the outset of this meeting to clarify positions, President Doug Lauchlan would speak against the constitution in its new form. Mr. Lauchlan indicated that the Board of Trustees would demand too much involvement in conference operations on the part of the presidents. Mr. Lauchlan indicated that there had been a breakdown in communication between himself and the college solicitor as to how he envisioned control in the conference being restored to the chief executive officers. Interestingly, Mr. Lauchlan's rationale regarding the time-consuming 91 involvement of a Board of Trustees in the operation of the conference was one of the main driving forces behind the phasing out of the Administrative Council in 1968. This change in approach by the presidents' delegation resolved the single biggest item of controversy between the two sides- The meeting then opened up to a mutual and frank attempt by both parties to deal with the concerns compatibly (60). The presidents' concerns were catego­ rized into four areas: a) that there be a formal link between the ACAC and the senior administration of all member colleges b) that liability implications as they relate to the ACAC be thoroughly investigated and controlled c) that when necessary, the ACAC have liaison with government (provincial and federal) through the chief executive officers of the member colleges d) that there be sufficient budget planning and control (60) In regard to the concerns expressed by the presidents, the delegates agreed on the following mutual re c ommendat ions: a) a change in the Conference Council membership to give each full member institution three (3) representatives - an administrative representative who is not a member of the athletic staff - athletic director - member of the athletic staff Associate Members - an administrative representative who is not a member of the athletic staff - athletic director b) that a condition of ACAC membership be that comprehensive third party liability insurance be mandatory c) an addition to the bylaws stating that "the Society may call upon the presidents to act as a liaison with government" d) that budget procedures be specified in the ACAC bylaws to conform with college budget procedures (60) The final conclusion of what was deemed by the Vice-President of the ACAC, Mr. Dale Schula, as a very positive meeting was the agreement of the presidents' delegation to go ahead with incorporation and attempt to have it completed by January 1, 1980 (60). The recom­ mendations of the November meeting were brought forward at a special meeting of the Conference Council on December 12, 1979 at NAIT. The council adopted the revised bylaws as presented, eliminating the Board of Trustees. The revised bylaws were to be circulated among the member institutions

for signatures by the presidents (23). However, the incorporation of the ACAC under the Societies Act was not to become a reality until a full year and a half after the agreement. Due to slowness of the institutions in circulating the master copy of the document for signatures, the process would not be com­ pleted until the fall of 1980. Upon submission of the 93 application to the Register of Companies, the document was rejected. During the interim that the document was "being circulated for signing, different components of the Societies Act regarding membership criteria had been changed. Therefore, the document had to be rewritten to conform to the new criteria and resubmitted for signature. This process was completed by the spring of 1981. Finally, on July 2k, 1981 the Alberta Colleges Athletic Conference received word that its application had been accepted and the conference was now officially registered under the Societies Act of Alberta. Once the long four-year battle to achieve incor­ poration had been accomplished, the conference membership once again set its sights on provincial government assistance for an Executive Director position. In February, 1981 the ACAC Executive filed a Profile Grant Application with the Department of Recreation and Parks for funding of the position- However, since the confer­ ence had not yet been registered under the Societies Act, the application was rejected. The ACAC subsequently resubmitted the grant application in the spring having now received their registration number. Based on positive verbal feedback from the department through Mr. Dwight Ganske for partial funding of the position, the conference sanctioned the additional expenditure of $5»000 from the ACAC contingency budget to make the Executive Director's 94 position a reality on a part-time basis (24). Although the incorporation of the conference and the involvement with the presidents was to be a continuing part of the operations of the ACAC from 1977 to 1981, the delegates continued to deal with issues concerning the daily operation of events. In this regard, at the fall meeting of the conference on September 20, 1978 in Camrose, the delegates passed a motion made by Gary Meadus of NAIT, seconded by Irwin Strifler of NAIT, to change the confer­ ence name to its present Alberta Colleges Athletic Confer­ ence title (21). The rationale for the name change was to avoid any confusion which may arise with a second post secondary religious school in Edmonton called Alberta College. The motion was carried by the membership. As a result of growth and a larger grant allot­ ment from Sport Canada to the Canadian Colleges National

Championship, the I98O championships would see represen­ tation coming from conference champions as opposed to regional champions- Therefore, the ACAC at its spring 1979 meetings, promptly passed a motion to drop out of the 4-West Championships in those sports that led directly to representation at the national championship tournaments (20). This included the sports of basketball and volley­ ball, leaving only the sports of badminton and curling to contest for 4-West Championships. This move away from regional competition in favor of provincial representation would pose a serious threat to the existence of the 4-West 95 and eventually led to its elimination. The members of the 4-West Conference felt that the elimination of the three major sports from competition would provide an excellent opportunity to introduce championships in some of the minor activities such as golf, cross-country running, soccer and racket sports. However, the provinces could not satisfactorily come up with activities which commonly existed within each province's athletic conference. Therefore, with the notification of the inclusion of badminton as an officially sanctioned national college tournament in 1981, the 4-West Championships had been reduced to one activity—curling. The last 4-West

Championship for curling was hosted in the spring of 1982 by Manitoba; although it did not have true representation from all of the provinces as a result of a decision by the British Columbia Totem Athletic Conference to withdraw its membership from the 4-West earlier that year- The 4-West Championships to this point have not been officially dis­ solved as the provinces have agreed to put the organiza­ tion "on the shelf" as it were, in case its resurrection is required some time in the future. As rising costs take their toll on the staging of national championships and the declared inability of the federal government to keep pace with rising costs, the return to regionalized champion­ ships may be necessary. If such is the case, the 4-West Championships may or may not have a role to play once again. As provincial athletic conferences develop new activities in their offerings, there may yet be the pos­ sibility of finding some common sports which may justify the re-emergence of the 4-West Championships. Chapter 7

SUMMARY, RECOMENDATIONS

The general purpose of this study was to investi­ gate and document the establishment of organized inter­ collegiate athletics within the community colleges and technical institutes in Alberta. Specifically, the study proposed to research the history and development of the Alberta Colleges Athletic Conference during the period of 1963-1981.

Summary

The data for the research were taken from the records and minutes of the Alberta Colleges Athletic Conference held in file by the conference secretary. Addi­ tional data were also collected through the use of corres­ pondence issued during the time in question among the Conference Council members. The leading source of infor­ mation for the study was telephone interviews conducted by the writer with individuals who played integral parts in the development of the Alberta Colleges Athletic Confer­ ence at various periods of time. The beginnings for intercollegiate athletics in Alberta came as a result of students within existing

97 98 Alberta institutions wishing to compete against fellow student athletes- The move to college athletics in Alberta became a somewhat logical step from active and strong intramural programs which existed within the founding institutions. The need for a participatory approach to athletics was so great that a wide variety of not only sport but cultural activities were introduced to the conference initially. To gain the confidence and support of the chief executive officers of the institutions, the athletic directors encouraged the formation of the conference on the basis of sociability, sportsmanship and the spirit of friendly competition. Although the sport of basketball was the most advanced in terms of organization at the time of the conference's inception, the original athletic direc­ tors also knew that additional activities would have to be introduced if their dream was to survive. The inclusion of the Fine Arts section was an attempt to solicit the support of all components of the institutions dealing with student life outside the classroom. The chief administrators were pleased to comply with the direction the conference was intending to take, particularly in its all encompassing approach. The senior executives were given policy-making responsibility and a key role in the supervision of the operation of the conference. This role they relinquished to the athletic directors in the late sixties. In the early years of the 99 operation of the conference, the schools were generally able to focus their attention on the aspects of providing athletic competition for the students as a means of enhancing personal growth and development. However, with the superstructure of the organization came the determin­ ation of winners, the tabulation of supremacy points, the awarding of certificates of merit and medals, not to mention the notoriety and visibility winning teams were giving to their respective institutions- As the associa­ tion entered the seventies, attention focused on the relative competitive abilities of colleges and an oppor­ tunity to extend athletic prowess beyond the Alberta borders• The seventies were marked by the reintroduction and active involvement of the presidents back into the operations of the conference. Although the return of the presidents was prompted by their concern for the rising costs of athletic programs in their institutions, their involvement also provoked dialogue on the delicate issues of relative competitive abilities of colleges. In 1972 the conference got its first opportunity to provide competition for student athletes beyond the Alberta borders with the formation of the 4-West Confer­ ence. The purpose of the conference was to provide regional championships for provincial champions in the sports of men's and women's basketball, men's and women's volleyball, hockey, badminton and curling from the four 100 western provinces of British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba. This organization became the forerunner and inspir­ ation for the desire to seek competition for college athletes on a national basis. In 1973 "the groundwork had been set in place and by 1975 "the dream had come true. Alberta athletes in two-year institutions now had acces­ sibility to provincial, regional and national competition. By 1980 that accessibility would be improved by a direct linkage from provincial to national competition. Throughout the development of the Alberta Colleges Athletic Conference in the seventies, the athletic direc­ tors and chief executive officers encountered a controver­ sial and somewhat stormy relationship at times* The catalysts to the events surrounding the controversy were twofold. In the first instance, the virtual noninvolvement of the presidents in the operation of the conference occur­ red as a result of the dissolution of the Administrative

Council and its role of overseeing the conference in 1968. Although the dissolution of the council was an agreed upon strategy by the chief administrators at the time, the athletic directors of the seventies were dealing with a new generation of presidents. These presidents did not see the best interests of their institutions being served by having the governing of the athletic programs in the hands of a body over which they felt they had no direct control. The concerns of the presidents were also driven by the 101 economics of the time. Athletic programs in a relatively short space of time had grown to be costly components and a significant portion of institutional budgets. As sources of funding to colleges remained status quo and economic conditions dictated higher costs, the chief executive officers of colleges looked to the athletic directors to assist actively in a program of restraint. However, the two parties did not initially reach a mutual concensus on their points of view. The presidents desiring a reduction in costs through the realignment of playing schedules and the athletic directors resisting the realignment because in their view it would not serve to enhance the competi­ tive ability of the conference. The inability for the two sides to arrive at a mutually agreeable solution prompted the presidents to attempt to impose their will on the athletic directors by rewriting the conference constitu­ tion to reinstitute the control of the old Administrative Council. This move was strongly opposed by the athletic directors who tried to convince the presidents that their wish to be a part of the decision-making process in athletic affairs in the conference was already provided for in the constitution. The move by the presidents to rewrite the constitution served at that point to be a catalyst in bringing the two sides together and arriving at a mutually acceptable course of action. The result was the addition of one more voting delegate per institution to be a representative of the administration of the college. 102 This agreement would further signify the completion of the administrative process "by which the Alberta Colleges Athletic Conference would become incorporated under the Societies Act of Alberta. The incorporation process was intended to lay the groundwork for the ability of the conference to acquire funds from alternate sources, including factions of the provincial government, as well as public sector funds.

Recommendations

As a result of researching the Alberta Colleges Athletic Conference's records to develop this study, it has been found that the documentation of events during the early development of the conference have been poorly main­ tained. Reporting methods and the efficient storage of information by the conference secretary has vastly improved in recent years to the point that current records are extremely accurate and complete. It is recommended that the conference secretary continue to maintain accurate accounts of not only Conference Council Minutes but also a copy of all correspondence, reports and hand­ outs from conference meetings- Further, that in the recording of Conference Council meetings that the confer­ ence secretary would also include a brief note on motions dealt with to explain their intent. This would not only clarify issues in terms of historical development, but would also allow delegates to be fully cognizant of the 103 wishes of the majority. It is also recommended that the following strategy be developed by the Conference Council Executive Commit­ tee as a method of maintaining team records and documenta­ tion of events for the future and that a copy of this study become a permanent part of the records of the ACAC and held by the conference secretary. In addition, it is recommended that the reports of the president, vice- president, secretary and treasurer at the spring meeting of the Conference Council be attached by the secretary, as addenda to the study. As well, a copy of the annual conference supremacy points standings indicating team placings in each of the ACAC sports should be attached annually. REFERENCES

1 ACAC Conference Council Minutes, Calgary, Alberta, Southern Alberta Institute of Technology, Friday, February 28, 1969-

2 ACAC Conference Council Minutes, Olds, Alberta, Olds Agricultural and Vocational College, Friday, December 4, 197°•

3 ACAC Conference Council Minutes, Edmonton, Alberta, Northern Alberta Institute of Technology, Friday, September 24, 1971- 4 ACAC Conference Council Minutes, Red Deer, Alberta, Red Deer College, January 7» 1972.

5 ACAC Conference Council Minutes, Medicine Hat, Alberta, Medicine Hat College, Friday, April 14, 1972. 6 ACAC Conference Council Minutes, Special Meeting, Red Deer, Alberta, Red Deer College, Friday, September 7» 1972. 7 ACAC Conference Council Minutes, Calgary, Alberta, Mount Royal College, October 6, 1972.

8 ACAC Conference Council Minutes, Olds, Alberta, Olds Agricultural and Vocational College, April 13, 1973- 9 ACAC Conference Council Minutes, Red Deer, Alberta, Red Deer College, September 27, 1973*

10 ACAC Conference Council Minutes, Grande Prairie, Alberta, Grande Prairie Regional College April 17, 1975-

11 ACAC Conference Council Minutes, Calgary, Alberta, Southern Alberta Institute of Technology, September 26, 1975-

12 ACAC Constitution and Bylaws, revised, April 1979*

13 ACAC Conference Council Constitutional Review Meeting, Calgary, Alberta, Mount Royal College, February 9» 1976.

104 105 14 ACAC Conference Council Special Meeting, Red Deer, Alberta, Red Deer College, March 25, 1976. 15 ACAC Conference Council Minutes, Edmonton, Alberta, Grant MacEwan College, April 22, 1976. 16 ACAC Conference Council Minutes, Banff, Alberta, September 23, 1976. 17 ACAC Conference Council Minutes, Banff, Alberta, April 20, 21, 22, 1977- 18 ACAC Conference Council Minutes, Banff, Alberta, September 21, 22, 23, 1977* 19 ACAC Conference Council Minutes, Edmonton, Alberta, Northern Alberta Institute of Technology, November 30, 1977- 20 ACAC Conference Council Minutes, Banff, Alberta, April 19, 20, 21, 1978.

21 ACAC Conference Council Minutes, Camrose, Alberta, Camrose Lutheran College, September 20, 1978.

22 ACAC Conference Council Minutes, Banff, April 25, 26, 27, 1979- 23 ACAC Conference Council Special Meeting Minutes, Edmonton, Alberta, Northern Alberta Institute of Technology, December 2, 1979- 24 ACAC Conference Council Minutes, Rafter-Six Guest Ranch, April 25, 26, 27, 1982. 25 Adair, J. Allen, Minister, Recreation Parks and Wildlife, letter to Mr. A1 Qually, ACAC President, March 21, 1978. 26 Bowie, Gary, Chairman WICC, Personal Communication, August 7, 1981. 27 Brooks, Ben, Vice-Chairman WICC, Personal Communication, August 8, 1981.

28 Campbell, Gordon, Community Colleges in Canada, Ryerson Press, McGraw-Hill Co. of Canada Ltd., Toronto/New York/London, 1971- 29 Campbell, G-, History of the Alberta Community College Systems 1957-1969- 106 30 Campbell, W. G. and Ballou, S. U., Form and Style Thesis, Reports, Term Papers. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, 1978. 31 CCAA, Canadian Colleges Athletic Association 1981-1982 Media Guide and Directory. Vanier City, Ontario. 32 Collett, W. J-, Mount Royal College President, 1948-1967, Personal Communication July 15, 1983- 33 Cruickshank, J. E., "The History and Development of the Canadian Colleges Athletic Associations A Struggle for Maturity." M. Ed. Thesis, Brock University, St. Catherines, Ontario, April 1982.

3^ Cunningham, Wayne, WICC Information Officer, Press Release, October 19, 1966.

35 Fairs, J. R. The Athletics Physical Education Dichotomy: The Genesis of the Inter-Collegiate Movement. Canadian Journal of History of Sport and Physical Education, 2, (1), (May 191) Pg. 44. 36 Fisher, Douglas, "The Cult of Sport in Canada", Journal of the Canadian Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation, 28, (1), (1963). 37 Forbes, W. G., Chairman, Committee of Presidents Public Colleges of Alberta, letter to Mr. A1 Qually, ACAC President, July 16, 1976. 38 Ganske, Dwight, J., Director Sports and Fitness, letter to Mr. A1 Qually, ACAC President, July 8, 1977. 39 Good, C. U. and Scotes, D. E. Method of Research Educational, Psychological, Sociological. Appelton-Century-Crofts, Inc., New York, 195^- 40 Grant MacEwan College, Calendar 1980, 81, 82, Jasper Printing Ltd., 198O. 41 Hoffman, A. E. Development of the Ontario Colleges Athletic Association within Colleges of Applied Arts and Technology. M. Ed. Thesis, Wayne State University. Detroit, Michigan, 197^» 42 Issaac, S., Michael, W. B. Handbook in Research and Evaluation. Edits Publishers Co., Inc., New York. 107 43- Jorgensen, F., President Southern Alberta Institute of Technology 1962-present, Personal Communication July 15, 1983- 44. Laior, Wayne, ACAC President, letter to Art Hooks, ACAC Secretary, January JL, 1972. 45- Lalor, Wayne, Executive Committee WICC, Personal Communication, July 2, 1981. 46. Lauchlan, D., Mount Royal College President 1976-80, Personal Communication, July 18, 1983* 47* Leedy, P. D., Practical Research—Planning and Design. Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc., New York. 48. Lilly, R. G., Physical Recreation Education at Ontario Colleges of Applied Arts and Technology. Journal of the Canadian Association of Health, Physical Education and Recreation^ 38, ( 6), (July-August, 1972), pp. 7-8. 49• Loken, G., An Analysis of the Junior College in Alberta. M. Ed. Thesis, University of Calgary, 1965. 50. Long, J. C., An Historical Study of the Establishment of College Systems in Ontario and Alberta in the I960's. M. Ed. Thesis, University of Calgary, 1972. 51• Loosemore, J. P., "Inter-College Athletics in Canada". Journal of the Canadian Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation^ 28, (~2) , (Dec. 61- Jan. 62). 52. Monkell, F. and Wilson, H. The Community College in Canada. Journal of the Canadian Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation, 33. (1)» (Oct. - Nov., 1966), pp. 21-23. 53* Mount Royal College, Calgary, Alberta, Synopsis of the meeting to investigate the possibility of organizing a new athletic conference, Saturday, December 7, 1963* 54. Qually, A. A., ACAC President, Personal Communication August 28, I98I. 55* Qually, A. A., President ACAC, letter to ACAC Athletic Directors and ACAC Executive Committee, June 1, 1976. 108 56. Qually, A. A., President ACAC, letter to Mr. Ferchuk, ACAC Secretary, November 5, 1976. 57- Qually, A. A., President ACAC, letter to Dwight Ganske, Director Sports and Fitness, Department of Recreation, Parks and Wildlife, June 14, 1977* 58. Qually, A. A., President ACAC, letter to Honorable J. A. (Boomer) Adair, Minister, Recreation, Parks and Wildlife, December 20, 1977- 59- Queens Printer, An Act Respecting the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, 1910. 60. Schulha, Dale, ACAC Vice-President, memo to ACAC Executive Committee and Athletic Directors, November 15, 1979- 61. Scott, H. A., Competitive Sports in Schools and Colleges. New York, Harper and Brothers, 1951- 62. Sheffield, Edward, Campbell, Duncan, Holmes, Jeff, Kymbicka, Whitelaw, James. Systems of Higher Education: Canada. International Council for Educational Development. Interbook Inc., New York, 1978, citing Duncan D. Campbell, Western Canada, pp. 144.

63. Smith, G. E., The Nature and Scope of Physical Education Programs in Colleges of Applied Arts and Technology. Journal of the Canadian Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation, 35~l (1), (Oct. - Nov., 1968), p. 4. 64. Strifler, Irwin, ACAC Secretary, mail vote to Conference Council members, May 4, 1973- 65- Strunk, Jr. W. and White, E. D., The Elements of Style. Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc., 1979* 66. Turabian, K. L. , A Manual for Writers of Term Papers Thesis, and Dissertations. University of Chicago Press, 1967-

67. Van Dalen, D. B., Understanding Educational Research An Introduction" McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1962. 68. Van Uliet, M-, Physical Education in Canada. Prentice-Hall of Canada Ltd., 1965-

69. Waldenberger, Bob, ACAC President, letter to College Presidents of ACAC member colleges, May 29, 1979- 109 Webb, Pat, WICC Vice-Chairman (Fine Arts) Personal Communication, August, 1981. WICC Constitution, Red Deer, Alberta, April 25, 1964. WICC First Official Meeting Minutes, Calgary, Alberta, Mount Royal College, Saturday, April 26, 1964. WICC Conference Council Minutes, Red Deer, Alberta, Red Deer Junior College, March 13, 1965* WICC Conference Council Minutes, Edmonton, Alberta, Northern Alberta Institute of Technology, March 27, 1965. WICC Conference Council Minutes, Lethbridge, Alberta, Lethbridge Junior College, October 29, 1965- WICC Conference Council Minutes, Calgary, Alberta, University of Calgary, April 18, 1966. WICC Conference Council Minutes, Calgary, Alberta, Southern Alberta Institute of Technology, Saturday, October 15» 1966. WICC Conference Council Minutes, Camrose, Alberta, Camrose Lutheran College, April 26, 1968. WICC Conference Council Minutes, Olds, Alberta, Olds Agricultural and Vocational College, Friday, September 27, 1968. APPENDIX A

WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE AND ACAC EXECUTIVE COMMITTEES 1964-1981 WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE AND ACAC EXECUTIVE COMMITTEES 1964-1981

Year Position Name Institution 1964-65 Chairman Gary Bowie Lethbridge Junior College Vice-Chairman Ben Brooks Mount Royal Junior College Treasurer Gary Meadus NAIT Secretary A1 Buttle SAIT Commissioner Dean Bennett

1965-66 Chairman Gary Bowie Lethbridge Junior College Vice-Chairman Ben Brooks Mount Royal Junior (Athletics) College Vice-Chairman Pat Webb Lethbridge Junior (Fine Arts) College Treasurer Gary Meadus NAIT Secretary A1 Buttle SAIT Commissioner Dean Bennett

1966-67 Chairman Gary Bowie Lethbridge Junior College Vice-Chairman Wayne Laior Red Deer Junior (Athletics) College Vice-Chairman Pat Webb Lethbridge Junior (Fine Arts) College Treasurer Gary Meadus NAIT Secretary A1 Buttle SAIT Commissioner A1 McCann

1967-68 Chairman Gary Meadus NAIT Vice-Chairman Wayne Laior Red Deer College (Athletics) Vice-Chairman Gil Farthing Red Deer College (Fine Arts) Treasurer Gary Gibson Camrose Lutheran College Secretary A1 Buttle SAIT Commissioner No Appointment

111 112

Year Position Name Institution

1968-69 Chairman Gary Meadus NAIT Vice-Chairman Wayne Laior Red Deer College (Athletics) Vice-Chairman Gil Farthing Red Deer College (Fine Arts) Treasurer Gary Gibson Camrose Lutheran College Secretary A1 Buttle SAIT Commissioner No Appointment

1969-70 President Gary Meadus NAIT Vice-President Wayne Laior Red Deer College Treasurer Gary Gibson Camrose Lutheran College Secretary Kit Lefroy Mount Royal College Commissioner No Appointment 1970-71 President Wayne Laior Red Deer College Vice-President Ken Tidsbury SAIT Treasurer Gary Gibson Camrose Lutheran College Secretary Art Hooks NAIT Commissioner No Appointment

1971-72 President Wayne Laior Red Deer College Vice-President Ken Tidsbury SAIT Treasurer Di Lunde Camrose Lutheran College Secretary Art Hooks NAIT Commissioner A1 Hammer

1972-73 President Art Hooks NAIT Vice-President Ben Brooks Lethbridge Community College Treasurer A me Donovan Camrose Lutheran College Secretary Don Stouffer Mount Royal College ^Commissioner No Appointment 1973-74 President Don Stouffer Mount Royal College Vice-President Ben Brooks Lethbridge Community College Treasurer Arne Donovan Camrose Lutheran College Secretary Irwin Strifler NAIT Commissioner Art Hooks 113 Year Position Name Institution 1974-75 President Don Stouffer Mount Royal College Vice-President A1 Qually Olds College Treasurer Ken Tidsbury SAIT Secretary Irwin Strifler NAIT Commissioner Art Hooks NAIT 1975-76 President Ben Brooks Lethbridge Community College Vice-President A1 Qually Olds College Treasurer Ken Tidsbury SAIT Secretary A1 Ferchuk Red Deer College Commissioner Karl Puffer 1976-77 President A1 Qually Olds College Vice-President Wayne Laior Red Deer College Treasurer Ken Tidsbury SAIT Secretary A1 Ferchuk Red Deer College Commissioner 1977-78 President A1 Qually Olds College Vice-President Wayne Laior Red Deer College Treasurer Ken Tidsbury SAIT Secretary Phil Allen Grant MacEwan College Commissioner Karl Puffer

1978-79 President Bob Waldenberger Grande Prairie Regional College Vice-President Dale Schulha Medicine Hat College Treasurer Leroy Johnson Camrose Lutheran College Secretary Phil Allen Grant MacEwan College Commissioner Karl Puffer 1979-80 President Bob Waldenberger Grande Prairie Regional College Vice-President Dale Schulha Medicine Hat College Treasurer Leroy Johnson Camrose Lutheran College Secretary Cor Ouwerkerk Red Deer College Commissioner Karl Puffer 114 Year Position Name Institution 1980-81 President A1 Bohonus Mount Royal College Vice-President Irwin Strifler NAIT Treasurer Leroy Johnson Camrose Lutheran College Secretary Cor Ouwerkerk Red Deer College Commissioner Karl Puffer APPENDIX B

WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE AND ACAC STANDINGS 1964-1981 TABLE 1

WESTERN INIER-COLLEGE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLEGE ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964 - 1981

BASKETBALL (MEN) 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

MOUNT ROYAL COLLEGE 1 5 6 1 1 1 2 4 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 3 SOUTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF 2 6 8 4 4 1 4 6 2 TECHNOLOGY 3 5 3 3 6 1

LETHSRIDGE COMMUNITY COLLEGE 3 3 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 4 2 3 2 NORTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF 4 4 TECHNOLOGY 2 2 5 4 8 4 6 7 8 7 5 6

CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE 5 8 5 6 6 7 5 2 2 5 3 8 9 6 7 6 UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA, CALGARY 1 4 3 UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA, EDMDNTON 2 RED DEER COLLEGE 7 3 2 3 2 6 3 4 6 5 3 7 8 8 5 OLDS COLLEGE 7 5 5 6 7 MEDICINE HAT COLLEGE 2 3 3 6 7 7 5 5 5 4 4 GRANDE PRAIRIE REGIONAL COLLEGE 7 9 9 9 6 9 9 7 GRANT MACEWAN COLLEGE 8 8 4 3 4 4 TABLE 2

WESTERN INTER-COLIEGE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLEGE ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964 - 1981

BASKETBALL (WOMEN) 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

MOUNT ROYAL COLLB3E 3 1 1 3 4 2 1 2 3 3 2 2 1 1 1 2 SOUTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF 1 TECHNOLOGY 3 1 6 4 4 3 6 7 6 6 6 6 9 9 4

LETHBRIDGE COMMUNITY COLLEGE 2 5 2 1 3 6 5 3 1 3 5 2 1 NORTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF 4 4 TECHNOLOGY 5 5 3 4 5 7 7 9 9 9 8 7 6 8

CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE 6 4 2 1 3 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 RED DEER COLLEGE 2 3 4 2 3 2 1 1 1 1 5 5 8 7 6 OLDS COLLEGE 6 5 7 MEDICINE HAT COLLEGE 5 1 6 4 2 2 8 3 2 2 3 _ 5 GRANDE PRAIRIE REGIONAL COLLEGE 8 5 7 5 7 3 5 GRANT MACEWAN COLLEGE 8 7 8 7 6 8 7 TABLE 3

WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964 - 1981

VOLLEYBALL (MEN) 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1971 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

MOUNT ROYAL COLLEGE 3 1 6 2 6 3 4 2 1 1 1 6 2 1 1 2 SOUTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 1 6 4 3 3 4 3 6 3 5 6 5 5 6 6 4

LETHERIDGE COMMUNITY COLLEGE 3 4 3 1 3 8 6 8 0 5 NORTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 2 3 1 3 1 4 5 1 2 3 3 1 3 3 2 7 CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE 4 4 4 6 7 6 7 6 6 5 RED DEER COLLEGE 2 2 4 3 2 2 3 4 4 4 2 4 5 3 1 OLDS COLLEGE 5 5 4 2 5 7 5 5 2 2 4 1 2 4 7 MEDICINE HAT COLLEGE 5 1 1 4 7 7 6 5 6 6 GRANDE PRAIRIE REGIONAL COLLEGE 5 3 5 4 5 6 GRANT MACEWAN COLLEGE. 7 6 6 4 3 VERMILLION COLLEGE 8

H H 00 TABLE 4

WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964 - 1981

VOLLEYBALL (WOMEN) 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

MOUNT ROYAL COLLEGE 3 1 6 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 3 1 2 3 SOUTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 1 5 2 4 4 5 3 2 7 5 7 6 5 6 5

LETHBRIDGE COMMUNITY COLLEGE 4 4 3 1 5 3 8 6 6 7 7 NORTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 5 3 4 3 4 3 6 4 4 6 5 5 6 5 5 CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE 2 3 3 3 6 7 9 7 7 RED DEER COLLEGE 5 2 4 2 3 2 4 3 2 1 1 1 3 3 OLDS COLLEGE 2 1 4 2 5 5 8 6 3 6 4 6 5 6 MEDICINE HAT COLLEGE 5 1 4 1 6 5 8 3 5 2 4 4 GRANDE PRAIRIE REGIONAL COLLEGE 4 4 2 4 6 6 GRANT MACEWAN COMMUNITY COLLEGE 9 7 9 6 5 1 1 VERMILLION COLLEGE 8 TABLE 5

WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964 - 1981

HOCKEY 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

MOUNT ROYAL COLLEGE 1 2 1 13 3 2 5 5 4 NORTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF 5 4 13 TECHNOLOGY 2 14 2 114 3 2 3 2 SOUTHERN AIBERTA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 4 5 5 4 212 1 CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE 4 5 3 2 2 5 4 4 3 3 LETHBRIDGE COMMUNITY COLLEGE 4 6 RED DEER COLLEGE 3 123 2 2 14 1 13 1^ UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA, CALGARY 5 OLDS COLLEGE 4 4 7 7 6 MEDICINE HAT COLLEGE 5 UNIVERSITY OF LETHERIDGE 6 6 TABLE 6

WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1961 - 1981

BADMINTON (MEN'S SINGLES) 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

MOUNT ROYAL COLLEGE 1 2 5 1 6 3 5 3 7 5 3 8 1 10 SOUTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 1 1 1 4 6 3 4 1 3 1 1 6 1 4 2 3 NORTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF 2 2 1 4 1 1 2 4 4 4 6 8 TECHNOLOGY 3 3 3 9 CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE 3 5 7 2 2 4 4 1 5 6 2 2 9 3 4 LETHBRIDGE COMMUNITY COLLEGE 4 4 3 2 3 5 1 2 4 1 7 2 8 6 OLDS COLLEGE 5 6 7 5 2 3 7 9 9 6 5 6 5 RED DEER COLLEGE 3 5 4 5 3 3 3 2 5 3 3 4 1 MEDICINE HAT COLLEGE 7 4 6 2 4 10 8 7 7 7 GRANDE PRAIRIE REGIONAL COLLEGE 7 6 8 8 7 5 5 9 GRANT MACEWAN COLLEGE 6 7 10 1 10 2

Note: 1973-7^ only one recorded team winner

rv> TABLE 7

WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964 - 1981

BADMINTON (MEN'S DOUBLE) 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

SOUTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF 1 4 4 4 4. 1 6 TECHNOLOGY 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 NDRTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 2 3 2 1 2 1 1 3 4 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 1

MOUNT ROYAL COLLEGE 3 1 5 3 6 2 1 1 2 1 1 6 6 7 2 CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE 4 4 1 7 4 4 4 6 2 8 7 6 9 4 9 LETHBRIDGE COMMUNITY COLLEGE 5 2 4 2 1 3 5 4 3 5 5 6 7 RED DEER COLLEGE 3 5 2 2 3 5 4 6 5 1 1 2 3 OLDS COLLEGE 6 6 7 4 5 6 9 8 8 8 8 MEDICINE HAT COLLEGE 5 3 2 4 6 8 7 4 9 5 5 GRANDE PRAIRIE REGIONAL COLLEGE 4 10 5 7 8 10 GRANT MACEWAN COLLEGE 7 10 9 9 7 4 4 VERMILLION COLLEGE 9

Note: 1973-74 only one recorded team winner TABLE 8

WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLEHTC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1961 - 1981

BADMINTON (WOMEN'S SINGLES) 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1971) 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

LEEHBRIDGE CCMMUNIIY COLLEGE 1 4 3 2 1 2 4 3 2 8 1 1 2 CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE 2 3 5 7 5 4 7 4 6 4 4 8 8 SOUTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 3 1 1 4 3 4 4 3 1 2 1 2 3 4 6 NORTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF 4 6 1 1 TECHNOLOGY 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 5 2 9 MOUNT ROYAL COLLEGE 5 5 5 3 3 2 5 5 5 9 7 7 RED DEER COLLEGE 3 4 1 3 1 1 2 1 7 3 5 3 3 OLDS COLLEGE 4 6 5 5 5 8 6 5 8 5 4 MEDICINE HAT COLLEGE 6 6 7 3 6 7 2 10 GRANDE PRAIRIE REGIONAL COLLEGE 3 3 4 4 10 9 GRANT MACEWAN COLLEGE 7 7 6 6 5

Note: 1967-68 only teara finish recorded 1973-71 only one recorded team winner

H tSD vo TABLE 9

WESTERN IMTER-COLLEEE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COI1H3ES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964 - 1981

BADMINTON (WOMEN'S DOUBLES) 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 197 ^ 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 197''l 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE 1 3 1 7 4 3 2 4 6 3 8 6 6 8 LETHERIDGE COMMUNITY COLLEGE 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 5 9 8 5 6 1 MOUNT ROYAL COLLEGE 1 4 5 2 5 2 5 6 5 2 6 1 2 7 4 NORTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF 2 2 TECHNOLOGY 1 1 3 4 1 3 4 7 7 7 2 1 3 2 SOUTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 3 5 2 4 1 2 1 2 1 3 6 2 9 4 1 1

RED DEER COLLEGE 3 5 2 3 2 5 2 1 1 4 3 2 7 OLDS COLLEGE 6 6 6 7 4 8 5 3 7 9 MEDICINE HAT COLLEGE 7 8 9 7 8 5 3 GRANDE PRAIRIE REGIONAL COLLEGE 3 10 4 5 8 5 GRANT MACEWAN COLLEGE 9 4 3 9 4 6

Note: 1967-68 only team finish recorded 1973—7^ only one recorded team winner

C\3 -P" TABLE 10

WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964 - 1981

BAIMINTON (MIXED) 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

LETHBRIDGE CCMMUNTTY COLLEGE 1 3 1 5 7 2 5 3 5 NORTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF 2 2 1 3 2 5 4 4 2 1 TECHNOLOGY 9 MOUNT ROYAL COLLEGE 3 4 6 4 4 2 2 3 5 2 1 9 SOUTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF 4 5 2 1 4 4 1 4 3 3 4 2 TECHNOLOGY RED DEER COLLEGE 5 1 3 2 1 3 3 1 1 1 5 6 CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE 6 3 5 4 3 1 9 7 6 9 6 9 7 OLDS COLLEGE 7 4 5 4 10 4 6 8 8 8 MEDICINE HAT COLLEGE 4 4 4 3 6 9 5 8 7 6 4 GRANDE PRAIRIE REGIONAL COLLEGE 5 8 6 2 7 10 10 GRANT MACEWAN COLLEGE 7 8 8 9 7 3 VERMILLION COLLEGE 11

Note: 1973-71* only one recorded team winner

H N> TABLE 11

WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964 - 1981

CURLING (MEN) 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

NORTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF 1 2 1 1 4 6 1 2 1 1 TECHNOLOGY 2 3 3 3 5 3 MOUNT ROYAL COLLEGE: 1 1 2 2 2 6 1 2 4 4 3 4 6 5 3 LETHBRIDGE COMMUNITY COLLEGE 2 3 6 1 7 5 5 4 5 3 5 3 SOUTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF 2 6 2 6 TECHNOLOGY 3 3 3 5 3 5 2 3 5 1 2 2

CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE 3 5 4 7 1 3 1 3 4 5 4 6 10 7 1 RED DEER COLLEGE 4 5 7 4 5 6 1 2 1 1 2 2 7 4 OLDS COLLEGE 5 6 5 5 4 5 6 5 4 3 7 4 5 MEDICINE HAT COLLEGE 4 7 5 6 5 6 6 4 9 6 GRANDE PRAIRIE REGIONAL COLLEGE 6 2 6 1 3 5 6 7 6 VERMILLION COLLEGE 6 GRANT MACEWAN COLLEGE 6 2 7 8 4

Note: 1967-68 only team finish recorded

H ro ON TABLE 12

WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964 - 1981

CURLING (WOMEN)

1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL I965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

SOUTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF 1 4 4 2 1 TECHNOLOGY 5 3 3 3 3 NORTHERN AIBERTA INSTITUTE OF 2 4 4 2 1 6 2 TECHNOLOGY 3 3 5 5 MOUNT ROYAL COLLEGE 3 3 6 2 1 3 8 2 LETHBRIDGE COMMUNITY COLLEGE 4 6 4 1 1 10 7 4 CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE 4 6 3 4 2 1 4 GRANDE PRAIRIE REGIONAL COLLEGE 1 3 1 2 7 a 3 5 1 MEDICINE HAT COLLEGE 2 2 6 2 7 4 8 RED DEER COLLEGE 5 1 5 it 6 4 5 3 6 OLDS COLLEGE 6 4 5 3 9 VERMILLION COLLEGE 5 GRANT I1ACEWA1! COLLEGE 7 5 6 7 6 3

H -O(V) TABLE 13

WESTERN EflER-COLLEGE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964 - 1981

CURLING (MIXED) 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

NORTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF 1 6 4 TECHNOLOGY 3 3 4 2 1 1 2 3 5 1 3 SOUTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF 2 6 2 4 6 1 2 1 1 2 4 2 TECHNOLOGY 2 5

MOUNT ROYAL COLLEGE 3 2 1 4 3 4 7 8 6 3 3 5 CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE 4 7 5 2 3 6 3 7 5 2 7 6 LET!BRIDGE COMMUNITY COLLEGE 5 5 4 3 4 6 3 4 6 6 4 OLDS COLLEGE 1 4 6 4 1 3 4 5 4 3 8 6 RED DEER COLLEGE 2 1 3 4 6 6 4 1 4 7 1 3 MEDICINE HAT COLLEGE 7 1 4 5 7 3 6 2 5 10 5 GRANDE PRAIRIE REGIONAL COLLEGE 5 2 2 5 4 3 5 9 6 GRANT MACEWAN COLLEGE 5 6 7 5 2 1 VERMILLION COLLEGE 6 TABLE 14

WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964 - 1981

CROSS COUNTRY RUNNING (MEN) 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE 1455 344 11123413 LETHBRIDGE COMMUNITY COLLEGE 2 6 4 4 5 MOUNT ROYAL COLLEGE 31633 13 444 47 UNIVERSITY OF AIBERTA, CALGARY 2 3 RED DEER COLLEGE 3 112221232311 64 SOUTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF 5 4465 4 5232 TECHNOLOGY NORTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF 7221162123232121 TECHNOLOGY OLDS COLLEGE 5 5 3 5 3 6 6 GRANDE PRAIRIE REGIONAL COLLEGE 5 6 4 4 3 5 6 MEDICINE HAT COLLEGE 5 5 GRANT MACEWAN COLLEGE 6 5 TABLE 15

WESTERN INIER-COLLEfiE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964 - 1981

CROSS-COUNTRY RUNNING (WCMEN) 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

RED DEER COLLEGE 1 1 1 2 2 1 3 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 MOUNT ROYAL COLLEGE 2 2 3 4 6 3 4 CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE 3 3 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 LETHBRIDGE CCM4UKITY COLLEGE 4 5 4 NORTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 4 4 3 4 4 2 3 5 3 3 5

OLDS COLLEGE 4 3 3 5 1 3 5 GRANDE PRAIRIE REGIONAL COLLEGE 2 3 3 5 SOUTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF 1. 1, TECHNOLOGY 4 4 4 GRANT MACEWAN COLLKJE MEDICINE HAT COLLEGE TABLE 16

WESTERN INIER-C0LLB3E CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964 - 1981

GOLF (MEN) 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

MOUNT ROYAL COLLEGE 1 3 2 .1 1 2 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 4 3 IEIHBRIDGE COMMUNITY COLLEGE 2 1 5 6 5 8 NORTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF 1 4 2 4 2 1 4 1 2 4 TECHNOLOGY 3 3 3 7 5 SOUTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF 4 2 6 6 4 6 2 1 1 TECHNOLOGY 3 5 3 3 3 2 RED DEER COLLEGE 5 3 4 1 2 3 1 2 4 5 2 5 3 6 3 5 CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE 6 2 5 5 4 6 6 3 2 8 4 6 6 MEDICINE HAT COLLEGE 4 5 3 5 6 2 6 4 8 5 2 OLDS COLLEGE 4 5 GRANDE PRAIRIE REGIONAL COLLEGE 7 5 4 7 7 7 GRANT MACEWAN COLLEGE 9 TABLE 17

WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964 - 1981

GOLF (MIXED) 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

RED DEER COLLEGE 1 SOUTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 2 MEDICINE HAT COLLEGE 3 GRANT MACEWAN COLLEGE 4 TABLE 18

WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964 - 1981

WRESTLING 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

NORTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 4 2 5 5 2 4

MOUNT ROYAL COLLEGE 2 3 2 5 3 6 4 2 3 3 1 3 UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA, CALGARY 3 RED DEER COLLEGE 4 1 2 3 3 2 8 4 4 5 5 SOUTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF 4 4 4 TECHNOLOGY 5 5 5 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE 6 4 2 3 5 3 5 3 6 6 3 2 OLDS COLLEGE 4 4 6 5 6 3 7 6 7 LETHBRIDGE COMMUNITY COLLEGE 3 5 2 5 3 2 4 4 MEDICINE HAT COLLEGE VERMILLION COLLEGE GRANDE PRAIRIE REGIONAL COLLEGE TABLE 19

WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE CONFERENCE AND AIBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964 - 1981

BOWLING (MEN) 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

NORTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY SOUTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY LETHBRIDGE COMMUNITY COLLEGE MOUNT ROYAL COLLEGE CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE RED DEER COLLEGE OLDS COLLEGE MEDICINE HAT COLLEGE GRANDE PRAIRIE REGIONAL COLLEGE GRANT MACEWAN COLLEGE TABLE 20

WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964 - 1981

BOWLING (WOMEN) 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

NORTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF 1 TECHNOLOGY 1 2 3 1 1 1 1 2 LETHBRIDGE COMMUNITY COLLEGE 2 1 2 MOUNT ROYAL COLLEGE 3 6 6 6 SOUTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF 4 TECHNOLOGY 4 3 3 2 3 3 1 CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE 5 MEDICINE HAT COLLEGE 2 5 1 5 4 5 5 5 2 RED DEER COLLEGE 3 3 5 2 2 3 2 1 3 GRANDE PRAIRIE REGIONAL COLLEGE 7 4 4 6 6 6 7 5 GRANT MACEWAN COLLEGE: 7 5 4 4 4 4 OLDS COLLEGE 6

H U> U\ TABLE 21

WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964 - 1981

BOWLING (MIXED) 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

LETHBRIDGE COMMUNITY COLLEGE 1 6 8 RED DEER COLLEGE 2 1 2 1 1 3 1 1 3 4 1 3 3 NORTHERN AIBERTA INSTITUTE OF 2 2 2 TECHNOLOGY 3 1 3 2 5 4 3 2 2 2

MOUNT ROYAL COLLEGE 4 4 4 5 5 7 5 6 SOUTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF 4 TECHNOLOGY 5 7 3 4 5 4 2 1 1 3 1 1 OLDS COLLEGE 6 5 MEDICINE HAT COLLEGL 3 5 3 2 1 6 4 5 2 4 6 4 CAMROSE LUTHERAN COILEGE 6 6 7 GRANDE PRAIRIE REGIONAL COLLEGE 6 4 3 3 2 6 6 5 GRANT MACEWAN COLLEGE 7 6 5 5 4 5 TABLE 22

WESTERN INIER-COLLEGE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964 - 1981

CANOEING (MEN) 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

RED DEER COLLEGE 1 1 3 1 1 2 3 2 3 1 1 1 3 3 CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE 2 2 4 5 3 5 3 4 3 4 2 1 MOUNT ROYAL COLLEGE 3 5 5 6 5 SOUTHERN AIBERTA INSTITUTE OF 4 4 TECHNOLOGY 3 1 3 2 2 5 4 2 1 4 NDRTOERN AIBERTA INSTITUTE OF 1 TECHNOLOGY 5 4 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 3 4 2 OLDS COLLEGE 5 4 4 5 4 5 LETHBRIDGE COLLEGE 6 3 6 GRANDE PRAIRIE REGIONAL COLLEGE 4 4 3 5 5 5 TABLE 23

WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964 - 1981

CANOEING (WOMEN) 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 197.9 1980 1981

'RED DEER COLLEGE CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE MOUNT ROYAL COLLEGE SOUTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY LETHBRIDGE COMMUNITY COLLEGE NORTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OP TECHNOLOGY OLDS COLLEGE GRANDE PRAIRIE R££IOI«[AL COLLEGE

H U) 00 TABLE 24

WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964 - 1981

CANOEING (MIXED) 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

RED DEER COLLEGE CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE MOUNT ROYAL COLLEGE OLDS COLLEGE SOUTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY NORTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY MEDICINE HAT COLLEGE LETHBRIDGE COMMUNITY COLLEGE GRANDE PRAIRIE REGIONAL COLLEGE

H* LO TABLE 25

WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964 - 1981

CANOEING (WAR) 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

RED DEER COLLEGE 1 CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE MOUNT ROYAL COLLEGE OLDS COLLEGE NORTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY GRANDE PRAIRIE REGIONAL COLLEGE SOUTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

O TABLE 26

WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1961) - 198I

SKIING-ALPINE (MEN) 1961 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1971 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1971 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

NORTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 1 2 MOUNT ROYAL COLLEGE 2 5 2 SOUTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 3 14 11 CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE 4 3 RED DEER COLLEGE 5 3 3 GRANDE PRAIRIE REGIONAL COLLEGE 4 12 2

-P- TABLE 27

WESTERN DEER-COLLEGE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964 - 1981

SKIING-ALPINE (WCMEN) 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1919 1980 1981

MOUNT ROYAL COLLEGE 1 3 NORTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 2 1

RED DEER COLLEGE 3 2 SOUTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 4 3 1 1 1

GRANDE PRAIRIE REGIONAL COLLEXSE 3 3 2 CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE 2 TABLE 28

WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE CONFERENCE AND AIBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964 - 1981

CROSS-COUNTRY SKIING (MEN) 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1975 1980 1981

CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE 1 SOUTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 2 NDRHTERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 3 RED DEER COLLEGE 4 GRANDE PRAIRIE REGIONAL COLLEGE 5 TABLE 29

WESTERN INTER-COLLEEE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLEGES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964 - 1981

CROSS-COUNTRY SKIING (WOMEN) 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE 1 RED DEER COLLEGE 2 NORTHERN AIBERTA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 3 TABLE 30

WESTERN INTER-COLLEGE CONFERENCE AND ALBERTA COLLESES ATHLETIC CONFERENCE STANDINGS 1964 - 1981

CROSS-COUNTRY SKIING (MIXED) 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SCHOOL 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

CAMROSE LUTHERAN COLLEGE RED DEER COLLEGE NORTHERN ALBERTA INSTITUTE OP TECHNOLOGY GRANDE PRAIRIE REGIONAL COLLEGE