Pholcus Phalangioides
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Comparative Functional Morphology of Attachment Devices in Arachnida
Comparative functional morphology of attachment devices in Arachnida Vergleichende Funktionsmorphologie der Haftstrukturen bei Spinnentieren (Arthropoda: Arachnida) DISSERTATION zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades doctor rerum naturalium (Dr. rer. nat.) an der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel vorgelegt von Jonas Otto Wolff geboren am 20. September 1986 in Bergen auf Rügen Kiel, den 2. Juni 2015 Erster Gutachter: Prof. Stanislav N. Gorb _ Zweiter Gutachter: Dr. Dirk Brandis _ Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 17. Juli 2015 _ Zum Druck genehmigt: 17. Juli 2015 _ gez. Prof. Dr. Wolfgang J. Duschl, Dekan Acknowledgements I owe Prof. Stanislav Gorb a great debt of gratitude. He taught me all skills to get a researcher and gave me all freedom to follow my ideas. I am very thankful for the opportunity to work in an active, fruitful and friendly research environment, with an interdisciplinary team and excellent laboratory equipment. I like to express my gratitude to Esther Appel, Joachim Oesert and Dr. Jan Michels for their kind and enthusiastic support on microscopy techniques. I thank Dr. Thomas Kleinteich and Dr. Jana Willkommen for their guidance on the µCt. For the fruitful discussions and numerous information on physical questions I like to thank Dr. Lars Heepe. I thank Dr. Clemens Schaber for his collaboration and great ideas on how to measure the adhesive forces of the tiny glue droplets of harvestmen. I thank Angela Veenendaal and Bettina Sattler for their kind help on administration issues. Especially I thank my students Ingo Grawe, Fabienne Frost, Marina Wirth and André Karstedt for their commitment and input of ideas. -
Arachnids from the Greenhouses of the Botanical Garden of the PJ Šafárik University in Košice, Slovakia (Arachnida: Araneae, Opiliones, Palpigradi, Pseudoscorpiones)
© Arachnologische Gesellschaft e.V. Frankfurt/Main; http://arages.de/ Arachnologische Mitteilungen / Arachnology Letters 53: 19-28 Karlsruhe, April 2017 Arachnids from the greenhouses of the Botanical Garden of the PJ Šafárik University in Košice, Slovakia (Arachnida: Araneae, Opiliones, Palpigradi, Pseudoscorpiones) Anna Šestáková, Martin Suvák, Katarína Krajčovičová, Andrea Kaňuchová & Jana Christophoryová doi: 10.5431/aramit5304 Abstract. This is the first detailed contribution on the arachnid fauna from heated greenhouses in the Botanical Garden of the P.J. Šafárik University in Košice (Slovakia). Over ten years 62 spider taxa in 21 families were found. Two spiders, Mermessus trilobatus (Emerton, 1882) and Hasarius adansoni (Audouin, 1826), were recorded in Slovakia for the first time. Another interesting record was the cellar spider Hoplopholcus sp. and a new locality for the exotic spiders Coleosoma floridanum Banks, 1900 and Triaeris stenaspis Simon, 1891 was discovered. Additionally, a short survey of other arachnids (except Acari) was done. A single specimen of a provisionally identifiable palpigrade species (cf. Eukoenenia florenciae), one harvestmen species, Opilio canestrinii (Thorell, 1876), and four pseudoscorpion species were recorded. The rare pseudoscorpion species Chthonius ressli Beier, 1956 was collected for the second time in Slovakia. Keywords: alien species, artificial ecosystems, faunistics, introduced species, new record Zusammenfassung. Spinnentiere aus Warmhäusern des Botanischen Gartens der PJ Šafárik Universität in Košice, Slowakei (Arachnida: Araneae, Opiliones, Palpigradi, Pseudoscorpiones). Hiermit wird der erste umfangreiche Beitrag zur Spinnentierfauna des Botanischen Gartens der P.J. Šafárik Universität in Košice (Slowakei) präsentiert. Während zehn Jahren wurden 62 Spinnentaxa aus 21 Familien nachgewiesen. Zwei Spinnenarten, Mermessus trilobatus (Emerton, 1882) und Hasarius adansoni (Audouin, 1826), werden erst- mals für die Slowakei gemeldet. -
Silk Decorations: Controversy and Consensus M
Journal of Zoology. Print ISSN 0952-8369 Silk decorations: controversy and consensus M. J. Bruce Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia Keywords Abstract stabilimenta; visual signals; foraging behaviour; anti-predator behaviour; Araneae. Although the occurrence of silk decorations has been noted in scientific literature for over 100 years, there is still little consensus as to their function. This is despite Correspondence the proliferation of studies examining the five major hypotheses: (1) protection Matthew J. Bruce, Department of Biological against predators, (2) increasing foraging success, (3) prevention of damage to the Sciences, Macquarie University, web, (4) providing shade and (5) mechanical support for the web. The first three of NSW 2109, Australia. these hypotheses have received the most attention, and thus generated the most Email: [email protected] evidence (for and against) suggesting that web decorations are a type of visual signal. However, the effect of this signal on prey and predator receivers is unclear Received 7 April 2005; accepted 8 September as the evidence is contradictory. Thus, the function of silk decorations may be 2005 context specific, depending on factors such as predators, prey, background colour and ambient light. A better understanding of how predators and prey see and doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00047.x process visual information from silk decorations, coupled with experiments examining the mechanisms behind the various hypotheses, are crucial in illuminat- ing their function and resolving the controversy. Introduction hypotheses for silk decorations. Since their review this field of study has expanded greatly. A number of new research articles Web decorations or stabilimenta are included in webs by a have been published testing the traditional hypotheses. -
Uloborus Walckenaerius and Oxyopes Heterophthalmus in Poland (Araneae: Uloboridae, Oxyopidae) 48-51 © Arachnologische Gesellschaft E.V
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Arachnologische Mitteilungen Jahr/Year: 2017 Band/Volume: 54 Autor(en)/Author(s): Wisniewski Konrad, Dawidowicz A. Artikel/Article: Uloborus walckenaerius and Oxyopes heterophthalmus in Poland (Araneae: Uloboridae, Oxyopidae) 48-51 © Arachnologische Gesellschaft e.V. Frankfurt/Main; http://arages.de/ Arachnologische Mitteilungen / Arachnology Letters 54: 48-51 Karlsruhe, September 2017 Uloborus walckenaerius and Oxyopes heterophthalmus in Poland (Araneae: Uloboridae, Oxyopidae) Konrad Wiśniewski & Angelika Dawidowicz doi: 10.5431/aramit5411 Abstract. We report the presence of Uloborus walckenaerius Latreille, 1806 and Oxyopes heterophthalmus (Latreille, 1804) in Poland. Two females and a juvenile of U. walckenaerius and a male of O. heterophthalmus were recorded in a heathland in the western part of the country, in Lower Silesia. Both species are known from similar habitats in neighbouring regions in eastern Germany (Brandenburg and Saxony). Heathlands in Poland may have great importance in maintaining populations of these two species, and some other rare inver- tebrates. The habitat requires management activities. Keywords: Central Europe, faunistics, former military area, heath, prescribed fire Zusammenfassung. Uloborus walckenaerius und Oxyopes heterophthalmus in Polen (Araneae: Uloboridae, Oxyopidae). Wir wei- sen Uloborus walckenaerius Latreille, 1806 und Oxyopes heterophthalmus (Latreille, 1804) erstmals für Polen nach. Zwei Weibchen und ein Jungtier von U. walckenaerius sowie ein Männchen von O. heterophthalmus wurden in Heidegebieten Westpolens/Niederschlesiens gefunden. Beide Arten sind bereits aus ähnlichen Lebensräumen im benachbarten Osten Deutschlands (Brandenburg und Sachsen) bekannt. Die Calluna-Heiden Polens spielen für den Schutz beider Arten, wie auch für andere seltene Wirbellose, eine wichtige Rolle. -
The Faunistic Diversity of Spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) of the South African Grassland Biome
The faunistic diversity of spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) of the South African Grassland Biome C.R. Haddad1, A.S. Dippenaar-Schoeman2,3, S.H. Foord4, L.N. Lotz5 & R. Lyle2 1 Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa 2 ARC-Plant Protection Research Institute, Private Bag X134, Queenswood, Pretoria, 0121, South Africa 3 Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa 4 Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Zoology, University of Venda, Private Bag 2 1 ABSTRACT 2 3 As part of the South African National Survey of Arachnida (SANSA), all available 4 information on spider species distribution in the South African Grassland Biome was 5 compiled. A total of 11 470 records from more than 900 point localities were sampled in the 6 South African Grassland Biome until the end of 2011, representing 58 families, 275 genera 7 and 792 described species. A further five families (Chummidae, Mysmenidae, Orsolobidae, 8 Symphytognathidae and Theridiosomatidae) have been recorded from the biome but are only 9 known from undescribed species. The most frequently recorded families are the Gnaphosidae 10 (2504 records), Salticidae (1500 records) and Thomisidae (1197 records). The last decade has 11 seen an exponential growth in the knowledge of spiders in South Africa, but there are 12 certainly many more species that still have to be discovered and described. The most species- 13 rich families are the Salticidae (112 spp.), followed by the Gnaphosidae (88 spp.), 14 Thomisidae (72 spp.) and Araneidae (52 spp.). A rarity index, taking into account the 15 endemicity index and an abundance index, was determined to give a preliminary indication of 16 the conservation importance of each species. -
A Checklist of the Spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Polokwane Nature Reserve, Limpopo Province, South Africa
Original Research A CHECKLIST OF THE SPIDERS (ARACHNIDA, ARANEAE) OF THE POLOKWANE NATURE RESERVE, LIMPOPO PROVINCE, SOUTH AFRICA SUSAN M. DIPPENAAR 1Department of Biodiversity School of Molecular & Life Sciences University of Limpopo South Africa ANSIE S. DIPPENAAR-SCHoEMAN ARC-Plant Protection Research Institute South Africa MoKGADI A. MoDIBA1 THEMBILE T. KHozA1 Correspondence to: Susan M. Dippenaar e-mail: [email protected] Postal Address: Private Bag X1106, Sovenga 0727, Republic of South Africa ABSTRACT As part of the South African National Survey of Arachnida (SANSA), spiders were collected from all the field layers in the Polokwane Nature Reserve (Limpopo Province, South Africa) over a period of a year (2005–2006) using four collecting methods. Six habitat types were sampled: Acacia tortillis open savanna; A. rehmanniana woodland, false grassland, riverine and sweet thorn thicket, granite outcrop; and Aloe marlothii thicket. A total of 13 821 spiders were collected (using sweep netting, tree beating, active searching and pitfall trapping) represented by 39 families, 156 determined genera and 275 species. The most diverse families are the Thomisidae (42 spp.), Araneidae (39 spp.) and Salticidae (29 spp.). A total of 84 spp. (30.5%) were web builders and 191 spp. (69.5%) wanderers. In the Polokwane Nature Reserve, 13.75% of South African species are presently protected. Keywords: Arachnida, Araneae, diversity, habitats, conservation In the early 1990s, South Africa was recognised, in terrestrial and KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga and the Eastern Cape. terms, as a biologically very rich country and even identified Savanna is characterised by a grassy ground layer and a distinct as the world’s ‘hottest hotspot’ (Myers 1990). -
Feather-Legged Spiders - Uloborus Plumipes
The Spider Club News JUNE 2014 - Vol.30 #2 The above cartoon appeared in “It’s Our World Too”, William Collins Sons and Company Ltd ©World Wildlife Fund 1978: ISBN 0004103300. This delightful book of cartoons by famous British cartoonists was published to raise funds and awareness for wildlife. (The World Wildlife Fund is now called The World Wide Fund for Nature.) In this issue Page 3 About the Spider Club 3 Mission Statement 3 Committee and contact details 4 From the Hub - Chairman’s letter 5 From the Editor 6 Books – e-Reader woes 7 Event report – Gauteng Outdoor Expo 8 Ezemvelo BioBlitz 10 House Spiders – Uloborus plumipes 12 Klipriviersberg Project Update 14 Klipriviersberg Collection Notes 15 Adaptive Behaviour in Benoitia sp. 17 Epic Jumping Spider Battle 19 Spider Club Diary 2014 THE SPIDER CLUB OF SOUTHERN AFRICA RESERVES COPYRIGHT IN ITS OWN MATERIAL. PLEASE CONTACT THE CLUB AT [email protected] for permission to use any of this content. THE SPIDER CLUB OF SOUTHERN AFRICA RESERVES COPYRIGHT ON ITS OWN MATERIAL. PLEASE CONTACT THE CLUB AT [email protected] for permission to use any of this content. Spider Club News June 2014 PAGE 2 About the Spider Club The Spider Club of Southern Africa is a non-profit organisation. Our aim is to encourage an interest in arachnids – especially spiders and scorpions - and to promote this interest and the study of these animals by all suitable means. Membership is open to anyone – people interested in joining the club may apply to any committee member for information. -
SANSA News, Issue 28, Jan-April 2017
1 SANSA NEWS South African National Survey of Arachnida Newsletter Date No 28 JAN APRIL 2017 FEEDBACK ON THE Inside this issue: 12 AFRAS COLLOQUIUM Feedback AFRAS colloquium …..1-2 22-25 January 2017 SANSA 20 years ………...................3 Medically important spiders..……….4 Spiders in and around the house…..5 University of the Free State…………6 University of Venda………………….7 ARC-PPR………...………………......8 National Mus of the Free State …….9 New genera…………………..……..10 Field observations Q and A…........ 11 Student project……………………...12 Soil paper…………………………...13 Recent publications……………......14 Last Word……………………….......15 NATIONAL SPIDER SPECIES COUNT JANUARY 2015 — 2171 species JUNE 2015 — 2192 species OCTOBER 2015 — 2220 species MAY 2016 — 2234 species DECEMBER 2016 — 2239 species APRIL 2017 — 2243 species Delegates at the colloquium The 12th AFRAS colloquium was hosted by the University of the Free State and the ARC. It was held at the Goudini Spa in the Worcester district, Western Cape, South Africa. The objectives of these Colloquia are to promote research on the African Arachnida (non-Acari) and to provide a fo- rum for the discussion of research on African arachnids in oral presentations, posters and work- Editors and coordinators: shops, as well as informal discussions. Ansie Dippenaar-Schoeman & A total of 40 delegates and five accompanying persons attended the colloquium, from as far afield Robin Lyle as Belgium, Israel, Russia, Czech Republic, Nigeria, Sudan, Zimbabwe, UK and USA. ARC-Plant Protection Research Private Bag X134 37 papers and 17 posters were presented during the colloquium Queenswood 0121 Two workshops were held, organized by Dr Ansie Dippenaar-Schoeman on the South African South Africa National Survey of Arachnida (SANSA), and by Dr Gerbus Muller on medically important spiders E-mail: [email protected] We also celebrated the 20th year of SANSA and 30th year of AFRAS. -
Storage Buildings and Greenhouses As Stepping Stones for Non-Native Potentially Invasive Spiders (Araneae) – a Baseline Study in Basel, Switzerland
© Arachnologische Gesellschaft e.V. Frankfurt/Main; http://arages.de/ Arachnologische Mitteilungen / Arachnology Letters 51: 1-8 Karlsruhe, April 2016 Storage buildings and greenhouses as stepping stones for non-native potentially invasive spiders (Araneae) – a baseline study in Basel, Switzerland Ambros Hänggi & Sandrine Straub doi: 10.5431/aramit5101 Abstract. Transportation of goods via land, sea or air causes a dissemination of species on a global scale. In central Europe species that are associated with fruit, vegetables and/or buildings are suspected to be imported and potentially build up populations in the following four categories of buildings: I) greenhouses, garden centres, flower shops and flower wholesale stores, II) storage buildings and logistic centres, III) botanical gardens and zoos and IV) touristic hotspots. During this research 20 such localities in and around Basel were investi- gated by means of visual searching. 340 adult spider individuals were collected, representing 37 species and 15 families. Three were first records for Switzerland. Eight species were not published before for the region of Basel even if six of these were already known in private, not published collections – partly going back to the 1930s. Our investigation shows that the interpretation of the spread and invasion of species needs good published knowledge about the actual status of our fauna which, especially for synanthropic spiders, is not the case. We therefore urge everybody to publish all knowledge about faunistics even for so-called common species. Keywords: faunistics, species introduction, new records Zusammenfassung. Lagerhäuser und Gewächshäuser als Trittsteine für potenziell invasive nicht-einheimische Spinnen (Ara- neae) – eine Bestandsaufnahme in Basel, Schweiz. -
Canterbury, 10-15 February 2019 Programme
FISCHER ICA GRANT Canterbury, 10-15 February 2019 Programme Pianoa isolata Organising Committee Programme * = student contribution # = symposium Main Organisers Sunday | 10. February Cor Vink (Canterbury Museum, New Zealand) Papa Hou | YMCA Peter Michalik (University of Greifswald, Germany) Gloucester St. 00 10 Spider traits workshop RollestonAv. Local Organising Committee Botanical Worcester Blvd. Garden Ximena Nelson (University of Canterbury) 1400 Registration Adrian Paterson (Lincoln University) Hereford St. Simon Pollard (University of Canterbury) Phil Sirvid (Museum of NewZealand , Te Papa Tongarewa) 00 Welcome party Cashel St. 17 Victoria Smith (Canterbury Museum) Montreal St. Scientific Committee Anita Aisenberg (IICBE, Uruguay) Miquel Arnedo (University of Barcelona, Spain) Monday | 11. February Mark Harvey (Western Australian Museum, Australia) Papa Hou | YMCA Mariella Herberstein (Macquarie University, Australia) Greg Holwell (University of Auckland, New Zealand) 815 Welcome address Marco Isaia (University of Torino, Italy) 830 Plenary talk | Eileen Hebets Lizzy Lowe (Macquarie University, Australia) Sensory Systems, Learning, and Communication – Insights from Amblypygids to Humans Anne Wignall (Massey University, New Zealand) Jonas Wolff (Macquarie University, Australia) 30 9 Bus to Lincoln University 00 Symposia and Workshops 10 Coffee Break Growth, morphogenesis and developmental genetics | Prashant P. Sharma Arachnid venoms | Greta Binford S 1 | Young arachnologists (invited lectures) Arachnological outreach for community -
Abstract Book
ABSTRACT BOOK Canterbury, New Zealand 10–15 February 2019 21st International Congress of Arachnology ORGANISING COMMITTEE MAIN ORGANISERS Cor Vink Peter Michalik Curator of Natural History Curator of the Zoological Museum Canterbury Museum University of Greifswald Rolleston Avenue, Christchurch Loitzer Str 26, Greifswald New Zealand Germany LOCAL ORGANISING COMMITTEE Ximena Nelson (University of Canterbury) Adrian Paterson (Lincoln University) Simon Pollard (University of Canterbury) Phil Sirvid (Museum of New Zealand, Te Papa Tongarewa) Victoria Smith (Canterbury Museum) SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Anita Aisenberg (IICBE, Uruguay) Miquel Arnedo (University of Barcelona, Spain) Mark Harvey (Western Australian Museum, Australia) Mariella Herberstein (Macquarie University, Australia) Greg Holwell (University of Auckland, New Zealand) Marco Isaia (University of Torino, Italy) Lizzy Lowe (Macquarie University, Australia) Anne Wignall (Massey University, New Zealand) Jonas Wolff (Macquarie University, Australia) 21st International Congress of Arachnology 1 INVITED SPEAKERS Plenary talk, day 1 Sensory systems, learning, and communication – insights from amblypygids to humans Eileen Hebets University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Nebraska, USA E-mail: [email protected] Arachnids encompass tremendous diversity with respect to their morphologies, their sensory systems, their lifestyles, their habitats, their mating rituals, and their interactions with both conspecifics and heterospecifics. As such, this group of often-enigmatic arthropods offers unlimited and sometimes unparalleled opportunities to address fundamental questions in ecology, evolution, physiology, neurobiology, and behaviour (among others). Amblypygids (Order Amblypygi), for example, possess distinctly elongated walking legs covered with sensory hairs capable of detecting both airborne and substrate-borne chemical stimuli, as well as mechanoreceptive information. Simultaneously, they display an extraordinary central nervous system with distinctly large and convoluted higher order processing centres called mushroom bodies. -
129 Malta, December 2005
The Central Mediterranean Naturalist 4(2): 121 - 129 Malta, December 2005 THE CURRENT KNOWLEDGE OF THE SPIDER FAUNA OF THE MALTESE ISLANDS WITH THE ADDITION OF SOME NEW RECORDS (ARACHNIDA: ARANEAE). 1 2 3 David Dandria , Victor Falzon & Jonathan Henwood ABSTRACT The current knowledge of the spider fauna of the Maltese Islands is reviewed. Four species are recorded for the first time, and information is given about the banded argiope, Argiope trifasciata, which is thought to be a recently introduced species. An updated checklist of the spider fauna of the Maltese Islands is also provided. INTRODUCTION The recorded spider fauna of the Maltese Islands hitherto comprises 137 species in 31 Families, including seven endemic species. Only one species belongs to the suborder Orthognatha - the endemic trapdoor spider Nemesia arboricola, first recorded by R.I. Pocock in 1903, and recently re-described by Kritscher (Kritscher, 1994). Another nemesiid (N. macrocephala) was recorded by Baldacchino et al. (1993), but after re-examination of the specimens in the light of Kritscher's 1994 redescription, this was found to be based on misidentification and the material was assigned to N. arboricola (Dandria 2001). The other 136 species belong to the sub-order Labidognatha, and their occurrence was documented by Cantarella (1982), Baldacchino et al. (1993), Bosmans & Dandria (1993) and Kritscher (1996). The largest family is that of the ground spiders, Gnaphosidae, numbering 21 species including the endemic Poecilochroa loricata Kritscher 1996. The jumping spiders, Salticidae, which were the first Maltese spider family to receive serious attention in Cantarella's 1982 study, are represented by 19 species, among which is the sub-endemic Aelurillus schembrii Cantarella 1983, which has so far only been recorded from Malta and Sicily.