APPENDICES A. Biological Fundamentals EUKARYOTIC VS
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National Monitoring Program for Biodiversity and Non-Indigenous Species in Egypt
UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAM MEDITERRANEAN ACTION PLAN REGIONAL ACTIVITY CENTRE FOR SPECIALLY PROTECTED AREAS National monitoring program for biodiversity and non-indigenous species in Egypt PROF. MOUSTAFA M. FOUDA April 2017 1 Study required and financed by: Regional Activity Centre for Specially Protected Areas Boulevard du Leader Yasser Arafat BP 337 1080 Tunis Cedex – Tunisie Responsible of the study: Mehdi Aissi, EcApMEDII Programme officer In charge of the study: Prof. Moustafa M. Fouda Mr. Mohamed Said Abdelwarith Mr. Mahmoud Fawzy Kamel Ministry of Environment, Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) With the participation of: Name, qualification and original institution of all the participants in the study (field mission or participation of national institutions) 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS page Acknowledgements 4 Preamble 5 Chapter 1: Introduction 9 Chapter 2: Institutional and regulatory aspects 40 Chapter 3: Scientific Aspects 49 Chapter 4: Development of monitoring program 59 Chapter 5: Existing Monitoring Program in Egypt 91 1. Monitoring program for habitat mapping 103 2. Marine MAMMALS monitoring program 109 3. Marine Turtles Monitoring Program 115 4. Monitoring Program for Seabirds 118 5. Non-Indigenous Species Monitoring Program 123 Chapter 6: Implementation / Operational Plan 131 Selected References 133 Annexes 143 3 AKNOWLEGEMENTS We would like to thank RAC/ SPA and EU for providing financial and technical assistances to prepare this monitoring programme. The preparation of this programme was the result of several contacts and interviews with many stakeholders from Government, research institutions, NGOs and fishermen. The author would like to express thanks to all for their support. In addition; we would like to acknowledge all participants who attended the workshop and represented the following institutions: 1. -
"Lophophorates" Brachiopoda Echinodermata Asterozoa
Deuterostomes Bryozoa Phoronida "lophophorates" Brachiopoda Echinodermata Asterozoa Stelleroidea Asteroidea Ophiuroidea Echinozoa Holothuroidea Echinoidea Crinozoa Crinoidea Chaetognatha (arrow worms) Hemichordata (acorn worms) Chordata Urochordata (sea squirt) Cephalochordata (amphioxoius) Vertebrata PHYLUM CHAETOGNATHA (70 spp) Arrow worms Fossils from the Cambrium Carnivorous - link between small phytoplankton and larger zooplankton (1-15 cm long) Pharyngeal gill pores No notochord Peculiar origin for mesoderm (not strictly enterocoelous) Uncertain relationship with echinoderms PHYLUM HEMICHORDATA (120 spp) Acorn worms Pharyngeal gill pores No notochord (Stomochord cartilaginous and once thought homologous w/notochord) Tornaria larvae very similar to asteroidea Bipinnaria larvae CLASS ENTEROPNEUSTA (acorn worms) Marine, bottom dwellers CLASS PTEROBRANCHIA Colonial, sessile, filter feeding, tube dwellers Small (1-2 mm), "U" shaped gut, no gill slits PHYLUM CHORDATA Body segmented Axial notochord Dorsal hollow nerve chord Paired gill slits Post anal tail SUBPHYLUM UROCHORDATA Marine, sessile Body covered in a cellulose tunic ("Tunicates") Filter feeder (» 200 L/day) - perforated pharnx adapted for filtering & repiration Pharyngeal basket contractable - squirts water when exposed at low tide Hermaphrodites Tadpole larvae w/chordate characteristics (neoteny) CLASS ASCIDIACEA (sea squirt/tunicate - sessile) No excretory system Open circulatory system (can reverse blood flow) Endostyle - (homologous to thyroid of vertebrates) ciliated groove -
EST 1. Species of Aglaophenia Reported from Patagonia, South
EST 1. Species of Aglaophenia reported from Patagonia, South Atlantic, South Africa, Tasmania and New Zealand [Locations marked with * slighly northern to Patagonian region (i.e. 40° S in the western sector)]. Only the last and/or major contributions per locality are given. Patagonia South Atlantic South Africa Tasmania New Zealand Source (respectively) Aglaophenia acacia Allman, 1883 x El Beshbeeshy & Jarms 2011 Aglaophenia acanthocarpa Allman, 1876 x Vervoort & Watson 2003, Alfaro et al. 2004 Aglaophenia antarctica Jäderholm, 1903 x Jäderholm 1903 Aglaophenia ctenata (Totton, 1930) x Vervoort & Watson 2003 Aglaophenia cupressina Lamouroux, 1816 x Millard 1975 Aglaophenia decumbens Bale, 1914 x Hodgson 1950 Aglaophenia difficilis Vervoort & Watson, 2003 x Vervoort & Watson 2003 Aglaophenia digitulus Vervoort & Watson, 2003 x Vervoort & Watson 2003 Aglaophenia divaricata (Busk, 1852) x* x Galea et al. 2014; Watson 1975 Aglaophenia hystrix Vervoort & Watson, 2003 x Vervoort & Watson 2003 Aglaophenia latecarinata Allman, 1877 x Millard 1975 Aglaophenia laxa Allman, 1876 x Vervoort & Watson 2003 Aglaophenia parvula Bale, 1882 x x x Galea 2015; Millard 1975 (as Aglaophenia pluma parvula), Gili et al. 1989; Hodgson 1950 Aglaophenia patagonica d'Orbigny, 1839 x Leloup 1974 Aglaophenia picardi Svoboda, 1979 x Galea 2015 Aglaophenia pluma (Linnaeus, 1758) x Millard 1975 (as Aglaophenia pluma pluma and Aglaophenia pluma dichotoma) Aglaophenia plumosa Bale, 1882 x x Watson 1975; Vervoort & Watson 2003 Aglaophenia sinuosa Bale, 1888 x Vervoort & Watson 2003 Aglaophenia subspiralis Vervoort & Watson, 2003 x Vervoort & Watson 2003 Aglaophenia tasmanica Bale, 1914 x Hodgson 1950 ALFARO, C.A., JEFFS, A.G. & CREESE, R.G. 2004. Bottom-drifting algal/mussel spat associations along a sandy coastal region in northern New Zealand. -
Taxonomy and Diversity of the Sponge Fauna from Walters Shoal, a Shallow Seamount in the Western Indian Ocean Region
Taxonomy and diversity of the sponge fauna from Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount in the Western Indian Ocean region By Robyn Pauline Payne A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Magister Scientiae in the Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape. Supervisors: Dr Toufiek Samaai Prof. Mark J. Gibbons Dr Wayne K. Florence The financial assistance of the National Research Foundation (NRF) towards this research is hereby acknowledged. Opinions expressed and conclusions arrived at, are those of the author and are not necessarily to be attributed to the NRF. December 2015 Taxonomy and diversity of the sponge fauna from Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount in the Western Indian Ocean region Robyn Pauline Payne Keywords Indian Ocean Seamount Walters Shoal Sponges Taxonomy Systematics Diversity Biogeography ii Abstract Taxonomy and diversity of the sponge fauna from Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount in the Western Indian Ocean region R. P. Payne MSc Thesis, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape. Seamounts are poorly understood ubiquitous undersea features, with less than 4% sampled for scientific purposes globally. Consequently, the fauna associated with seamounts in the Indian Ocean remains largely unknown, with less than 300 species recorded. One such feature within this region is Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount located on the South Madagascar Ridge, which is situated approximately 400 nautical miles south of Madagascar and 600 nautical miles east of South Africa. Even though it penetrates the euphotic zone (summit is 15 m below the sea surface) and is protected by the Southern Indian Ocean Deep- Sea Fishers Association, there is a paucity of biodiversity and oceanographic data. -
Appendix: Some Important Early Collections of West Indian Type Specimens, with Historical Notes
Appendix: Some important early collections of West Indian type specimens, with historical notes Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 between 1841 and 1864, we gain additional information concerning the sponge memoir, starting with the letter dated 8 May 1855. Jacob Gysbert Samuel van Breda A biography of Placide Duchassaing de Fonbressin was (1788-1867) was professor of botany in Franeker (Hol published by his friend Sagot (1873). Although an aristo land), of botany and zoology in Gent (Belgium), and crat by birth, as we learn from Michelotti's last extant then of zoology and geology in Leyden. Later he went to letter to van Breda, Duchassaing did not add de Fon Haarlem, where he was secretary of the Hollandsche bressin to his name until 1864. Duchassaing was born Maatschappij der Wetenschappen, curator of its cabinet around 1819 on Guadeloupe, in a French-Creole family of natural history, and director of Teyler's Museum of of planters. He was sent to school in Paris, first to the minerals, fossils and physical instruments. Van Breda Lycee Louis-le-Grand, then to University. He finished traveled extensively in Europe collecting fossils, especial his studies in 1844 with a doctorate in medicine and two ly in Italy. Michelotti exchanged collections of fossils additional theses in geology and zoology. He then settled with him over a long period of time, and was received as on Guadeloupe as physician. Because of social unrest foreign member of the Hollandsche Maatschappij der after the freeing of native labor, he left Guadeloupe W etenschappen in 1842. The two chief papers of Miche around 1848, and visited several islands of the Antilles lotti on fossils were published by the Hollandsche Maat (notably Nevis, Sint Eustatius, St. -
A Soft Spot for Chemistry–Current Taxonomic and Evolutionary Implications of Sponge Secondary Metabolite Distribution
marine drugs Review A Soft Spot for Chemistry–Current Taxonomic and Evolutionary Implications of Sponge Secondary Metabolite Distribution Adrian Galitz 1 , Yoichi Nakao 2 , Peter J. Schupp 3,4 , Gert Wörheide 1,5,6 and Dirk Erpenbeck 1,5,* 1 Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Palaeontology & Geobiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80333 Munich, Germany; [email protected] (A.G.); [email protected] (G.W.) 2 Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan; [email protected] 3 Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl-von-Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Wilhelmshaven, Germany; [email protected] 4 Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity, University of Oldenburg (HIFMB), 26129 Oldenburg, Germany 5 GeoBio-Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80333 Munich, Germany 6 SNSB-Bavarian State Collection of Palaeontology and Geology, 80333 Munich, Germany * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Marine sponges are the most prolific marine sources for discovery of novel bioactive compounds. Sponge secondary metabolites are sought-after for their potential in pharmaceutical applications, and in the past, they were also used as taxonomic markers alongside the difficult and homoplasy-prone sponge morphology for species delineation (chemotaxonomy). The understanding Citation: Galitz, A.; Nakao, Y.; of phylogenetic distribution and distinctiveness of metabolites to sponge lineages is pivotal to reveal Schupp, P.J.; Wörheide, G.; pathways and evolution of compound production in sponges. This benefits the discovery rate and Erpenbeck, D. A Soft Spot for yield of bioprospecting for novel marine natural products by identifying lineages with high potential Chemistry–Current Taxonomic and Evolutionary Implications of Sponge of being new sources of valuable sponge compounds. -
TREATISE TREATISE Paleo.Ku.Edu/Treatise
TREATISE TREATISE paleo.ku.edu/treatise For each fossil group, volumes describe and illustrate: morphological features; ontogeny; classification; geologic distribution; evolutionary trends and phylogeny; and All 53 volumes of the Treatise are now available as fully searchable pdf systematic descriptions. Each volume is fully indexed and files on CD, even out-of-print and superseded volumes! Also available contains a complete set of references, and there are many is the complete set of volumes, either on one DVD, or a set of 41 CDs, detailed illustrations and plates throughout the series. each decorated with a different fossil. See below for details. Complete set of 53 Treatise volumes Part B Single DVD or 41 CDs: $1850.00 Protoctista 1: Charophyta, vol. 1 Edited by Roger L. Kaesler, with coordinating author, Monique Feist, Porifera (Revised), vol. 2 Part F leading a team of international specialists, 2005 edited by Roger L. Kaesler; coordinating author, J. Keith Rigby, with First volume of Part B to be published, covering generally plantlike authors R. E. H. Reid, R.M. Finks, and J. Keith Rigby, 2003 Coelenterata, Supplement 1, Rugosa and Tabulata, vol. 1–2 autotrophic protoctists. Future volumes will cover the dinoflagellates, Second volume in the revision of Porifera. General features of the Porifera, edited by C. Teichert, coordinating author Dorothy Hill, 1981 silicoflagellates, ebredians, benthic calcareous algae, coccolithophorids, including glossary, references, and index. Introduction to Paleozoic corals and systematic descriptions for Rugosa; and diatoms. Included in the charophyte volume are introductory chapters 376 p., ISBN 0-8137-3130-5, $75.00, hard copy or CD introduction to and systematic descriptions for Tabulata. -
DEEP SEA LEBANON RESULTS of the 2016 EXPEDITION EXPLORING SUBMARINE CANYONS Towards Deep-Sea Conservation in Lebanon Project
DEEP SEA LEBANON RESULTS OF THE 2016 EXPEDITION EXPLORING SUBMARINE CANYONS Towards Deep-Sea Conservation in Lebanon Project March 2018 DEEP SEA LEBANON RESULTS OF THE 2016 EXPEDITION EXPLORING SUBMARINE CANYONS Towards Deep-Sea Conservation in Lebanon Project Citation: Aguilar, R., García, S., Perry, A.L., Alvarez, H., Blanco, J., Bitar, G. 2018. 2016 Deep-sea Lebanon Expedition: Exploring Submarine Canyons. Oceana, Madrid. 94 p. DOI: 10.31230/osf.io/34cb9 Based on an official request from Lebanon’s Ministry of Environment back in 2013, Oceana has planned and carried out an expedition to survey Lebanese deep-sea canyons and escarpments. Cover: Cerianthus membranaceus © OCEANA All photos are © OCEANA Index 06 Introduction 11 Methods 16 Results 44 Areas 12 Rov surveys 16 Habitat types 44 Tarablus/Batroun 14 Infaunal surveys 16 Coralligenous habitat 44 Jounieh 14 Oceanographic and rhodolith/maërl 45 St. George beds measurements 46 Beirut 19 Sandy bottoms 15 Data analyses 46 Sayniq 15 Collaborations 20 Sandy-muddy bottoms 20 Rocky bottoms 22 Canyon heads 22 Bathyal muds 24 Species 27 Fishes 29 Crustaceans 30 Echinoderms 31 Cnidarians 36 Sponges 38 Molluscs 40 Bryozoans 40 Brachiopods 42 Tunicates 42 Annelids 42 Foraminifera 42 Algae | Deep sea Lebanon OCEANA 47 Human 50 Discussion and 68 Annex 1 85 Annex 2 impacts conclusions 68 Table A1. List of 85 Methodology for 47 Marine litter 51 Main expedition species identified assesing relative 49 Fisheries findings 84 Table A2. List conservation interest of 49 Other observations 52 Key community of threatened types and their species identified survey areas ecological importanc 84 Figure A1. -
Dictyoceratida, Demospongiae): Comparison of Two Populations Living Under Contrasted Environmental Conditions
Sexual Reproduction of Hippospongia communis (Lamarck, 1814) (Dictyoceratida, Demospongiae): comparison of two populations living under contrasted environmental conditions. Zarrouk Souad, Alexander Ereskovsky, Karim Mustapha, Amor Abed, Thierry Perez To cite this version: Zarrouk Souad, Alexander Ereskovsky, Karim Mustapha, Amor Abed, Thierry Perez. Sexual Repro- duction of Hippospongia communis (Lamarck, 1814) (Dictyoceratida, Demospongiae): comparison of two populations living under contrasted environmental conditions. Marine Ecology, Wiley, 2013, 34, pp.432-442. 10.1111/maec.12043. hal-01456660 HAL Id: hal-01456660 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01456660 Submitted on 13 Apr 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Marine Ecology. ISSN 0173-9565 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Sexual reproduction of Hippospongia communis (Lamarck, 1814) (Dictyoceratida, Demospongiae): comparison of two populations living under contrasting environmental conditions Souad Zarrouk1,2, Alexander V. Ereskovsky3, Karim Ben Mustapha1, Amor El Abed2 & Thierry Perez 3 -
Reinterpretation of the Enigmatic Ordovician Genus Bolboporites (Echinodermata)
Reinterpretation of the enigmatic Ordovician genus Bolboporites (Echinodermata). Emeric Gillet, Bertrand Lefebvre, Véronique Gardien, Emilie Steimetz, Christophe Durlet, Frédéric Marin To cite this version: Emeric Gillet, Bertrand Lefebvre, Véronique Gardien, Emilie Steimetz, Christophe Durlet, et al.. Reinterpretation of the enigmatic Ordovician genus Bolboporites (Echinodermata).. Zoosymposia, Magnolia Press, 2019, 15 (1), pp.44-70. 10.11646/zoosymposia.15.1.7. hal-02333918 HAL Id: hal-02333918 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02333918 Submitted on 13 Nov 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. 1 Reinterpretation of the Enigmatic Ordovician Genus Bolboporites 2 (Echinodermata) 3 4 EMERIC GILLET1, BERTRAND LEFEBVRE1,3, VERONIQUE GARDIEN1, EMILIE 5 STEIMETZ2, CHRISTOPHE DURLET2 & FREDERIC MARIN2 6 7 1 Université de Lyon, UCBL, ENSL, CNRS, UMR 5276 LGL-TPE, 2 rue Raphaël Dubois, F- 8 69622 Villeurbanne, France 9 2 Université de Bourgogne - Franche Comté, CNRS, UMR 6282 Biogéosciences, 6 boulevard 10 Gabriel, F-2100 Dijon, France 11 3 Corresponding author, E-mail: [email protected] 12 13 Abstract 14 Bolboporites is an enigmatic Ordovician cone-shaped fossil, the precise nature and systematic affinities of 15 which have been controversial over almost two centuries. -
Sponges and Bryozoans of Sandusky Bay
Ohio Naturalist. [Vol. 1, No. SPONGES AND BRYOZOANS OF SANDUSKY BAY. F. L. LANDACRE. The two small groups of fresh water sponges and Bryozoa re- ceived some attention at the Lake laboratory during the summer of 1900 All our fresh water sponges belong to one family, the SpongiUidae, which has about seven genera. They differ from the marine sponges- in two particulars. They form skeletons of silicon only, while marine sponges may form silicious or limy or spongin skeletons. The spongin skeleton-is the-one that gives the bath sponge its value.. They also form winter buds or statoblasts which carry the sponge over the winter and reproduce it again in the spring. This peculiar process was probably acquired on account of the changes in temperature and in amount of moisture to which animals living in fresh water streams are subjected. The sponge dies in the fall of the year and its skeleton of silicious spines or spicules can be found with no protoplasm. The character of the spines in the body of the sponge and those surrounding the statoblast differ greatly, and those around the statoblast are the main reliance in identifying sponges. So that if a statoblast is found the sponge from which it came can be determined, and on the other hand it is frequently very difficult to determine the species of a sponge if it has not yet formed its stato- blast. The statoblast is a globular or disc-shaped, nitroginous cell with a chimney-like opening where the protoplasm escapes in the spring. The adult sponge is non-sexual but the statoblasts give rise to ova and spermatozoa which unite and produce a new sponge. -
Analysis of the Complete Mitochondrial DNA Sequence of the Brachiopod Terebratulina Retusa Places Brachiopoda Within the Protostomes
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/12415870 Analysis of the complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of the brachiopod Terebratulina retusa places Brachiopoda within the protostomes Article in Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · November 1999 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.1999.0885 · Source: PubMed CITATIONS READS 83 50 2 authors, including: Martin Schlegel University of Leipzig 151 PUBLICATIONS 2,931 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Rare for a reason? Scale-dependence of factors influencing rarity and diversity of xylobiont beetles View project Bat diversity and vertical niche activity in the fluvial flood forest Leipzig View project All content following this page was uploaded by Martin Schlegel on 22 May 2014. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Analysis of the complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of the brachiopod Terebratulina retusa places Brachiopoda within the protostomes Alexandra Stechmann* and Martin Schlegel UniversitÌt Leipzig, Institut fÏr Zoologie/Spezielle Zoologie,Talstr. 33, 04103 Leipzig, Germany Brachiopod phylogeny is still a controversial subject. Analyses using nuclear 18SrRNA and mitochondrial 12SrDNA sequences place them within the protostomes but some recent interpretations of morphological data support a relationship with deuterostomes. In order to investigate brachiopod a¤nities within the metazoa further,we compared the gene arrangement on the brachiopod mitochondrial genome with several metazoan taxa. The complete (15 451bp) mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence of the articulate brachiopod Terebratulina retusa was determined from two overlapping long polymerase chain reaction products. All the genes are encoded on the same strand and gene order comparisons showed that only one major rearrangement is required to interconvert the T.retusa and Katharina tunicata (Mollusca: Polyplaco- phora) mitochondrial genomes.