Te Ātiawa O Te Waka a Māui 21 December 2020
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C U L T U R A L IMPACT ASSESSMENT WAITOHI PICTON FERRY PRECINCT RE-DEVELOPMENT WAITOHI TE ĀTIAWA O TE WAKA A MĀUI 21 DECEMBER 2020 WAITOHI PICTON FERRY PRECINCT RE-DEVELOPMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF CULTURAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (CIA) ........................4 Coastal statutory areas as set out in various Treaty of Waitangi Settlement acts .........................................8 INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................................9 PURPOSE OF THE CULTURAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (CIA) ................................................................................ 10 SUMMARY OF THE PROPOSAL ........................................................................................................................... 12 THE RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ACT ................................................................................. 15 COVID – 19 (FAST TRACK CONSENTING) ACT 2020 .......................................................................................... 17 TE ĀTIAWA O TE WAKA-A-MĀUI DEED OF SETTLEMENT ................................................................... 18 TE ĀTIAWA O TE WAKA-A-MĀUI IWI ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 2014 ........................................ 19 NEW ZEALAND COASTAL POLICY STATEMENT 2010 ........................................................................................ 20 NATIONAL POLICY STATEMENT FOR FRESHWATER MANAGEMENT 2020 ......................................................... 20 PROPOSED MARLBOROUGH ENVIRONMENT PLAN ............................................................................................ 21 MARLBOROUGH REGIONAL POLICY STATEMENT (RPS) 1995 .......................................................................... 22 MARLBOROUGH SOUNDS RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PLAN .............................................................................. 23 HISTORICAL CONTEXT FOR TE ĀTIAWA WITH THE PROJECT ................................ 23 The Waitohi Purchase, 1848-1850............................................................................................................. 24 WAITOHI PĀ ...................................................................................................................................................... 26 Kaiaua Lagoon ............................................................................................................................................ 30 EFFECT ON TANGATA WHENUA VALUES ......................................................................... 31 MARINE ENVIRONMENT AROUND THE CURRENT FERRY TERMINAL ................................................................... 31 VISUAL IMPACT OF THE BUILDINGS AND INFRASTRUCTURE .............................................................................. 32 Roading/Transportation Summary ............................................................................................................... 35 CONSTRUCTION IMPACTS OF THE WHARVES AND BUILDINGS ........................................................................... 36 KAITIAKITANGA AND THE PROJECT ................................................................................. 38 THE PROPOSED NEW FERRIES ............................................................................................. 39 KURA TE AU (TORY CHANNEL) AND TŌTARANUI (QUEEN CHARLOTTE SOUND) ................................................................................................................................................. 41 Rangitāne Statement of Coastal Values ....................................................................................................... 44 CONCLUSIONS ........................................................................................................................... 45 RECOMMENDATIONS .............................................................................................................. 46 BIBLIOGRAPHY ......................................................................................................................... 48 Deeds of Settlement ...................................................................................................................................... 49 Treaty Settlement Acts ................................................................................................................................. 49 APPENDIX I – STATEMENTS OF ASSOCIATION ............................................................... 50 TORY CHANNEL ................................................................................................................................................ 52 APPENDIX II – DRAFT ACCIDENTAL DISCOVERY PROTOCOL .................................. 55 RAUKURA CONSULTANTS PAGE 2 APPENDIX III – DEED PLAN .................................................................................................... 56 APPENDIX IV – A BRIEF TRADITIONAL HISTORY OF TE TAU IHU O TE WAKA A MĀUI ...................................................................................................................................... 58 THE EIGHT TRIBES OF TE TAU IHU TODAY ........................................................................................................ 59 Kurahaupo Iwi ............................................................................................................................................. 59 Tainui Iwi ..................................................................................................................................................... 60 Te Ātiawa and Ngāti Tama – Taranaki Iwi .................................................................................................. 61 Ngāti Tama .................................................................................................................................................. 61 APPENDIX V – CULTURAL SIGNIFICANCE OF KURA TE AU (TORY CHANNEL) AND TŌTARANUI (QUEEN CHARLOTTE SOUND ...................................................... 63 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................. 63 Cultural Significance of Kura Te Au (Tory Channel) .................................................................................. 63 Brief summary of Archaeological Sites ........................................................................................................ 65 The Cultural Significance of Tōtaranui – Queen Charlotte Sound .............................................................. 65 APPENDIX VI – SHIPS TRAVELLING THROUGH THE ROHE ........................................ 67 APPENDIX VII – NET ENDURING RESTORATIVE OUTCOMES .................................... 74 Cover: Fox, William 1812-1893: Bird's eye view of Waitohi. [1848] [showing a Maori kāinga], Alexander Turnbull Library, C-013-001 Waitohi Pā and Te Weranga o Waitohi Painting by William Fox 1848 RAUKURA CONSULTANTS PAGE 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF CULTURAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (CIA) • Port Marlborough New Zealand Ltd (Port Marlborough) and KiwiRail are proposing the redevelopment of the Waitohi-Picton Ferry Terminal1 Precinct to accommodate new inter-island ferries and potentially, to accommodate some Cruise Ship vessels. The redevelopment involves works in the coastal marine area (CMA) as well as on land. The proposal will require resource consents under the COVID-19 Recovery (Fast-track Consenting) Act 2020 as a listed project. In addition, outline plans of works and minor designation alterations will be processed by the Marlborough District Council (“Council”). • The project will run in parallel with Waka Kotahi NZ Transport Agency. Along with KiwiRail it is developing a Single Stage Business Case (SSBC) separate but alongside the Inter-island Resilience Connection (iReX) programme. Although the SSBC is working closely with the iReX team the SSBC team is governed differently. The SSBC is looking broadly at what needs to be done and what things need to be invested in to ensure people in Waitohi/Picton can still move in and about the area near the Port once the new ferries start arriving. • The Waitohi/Picton redevelopment is one of three components of the iReX project. • This area is of high significance to Te Ātiawa o Te Waka-a-Māui (Te Ātiawa) known as Waitohi being the original Pā and settlement for them on the banks of Te Weranga o Waitohi Awa (“the sacred waters”) (the energy of the Waitohi River). The Waitohi Awa was of the highest cultural significance to Te Ātiawa. Waitohi was the original name for Picton until 1859. As a result of colonisation and the Waitohi purchase the people of Waitohi moved to the neighbouring bay of Waikawa around 1850. 1 Te Ātiawa and Port Marlborough have proposed that there be a new more culturally appropriate name for the Picton Ferry Terminal RAUKURA CONSULTANTS PAGE 4 • This site remains of high cultural significance to Te Ātiawa despite the extensive development which saw the culverting of the Waitohi Awa through the site, the reclamations of the Kaiana/Waitohi lagoon and the development of the Port with wharves and Port infrastructure. Although Waikawa became the home for Te Ātiawa, the connection to Waitohi remained with the Port and the adjacent freezing works and fishing providing significant employment for the whānau. It is noted that the Waitohi Lagoon was also known as Kaiana Lagoon by the Iwi of the area and was a popular place for gathering kaimoana (mahinga