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2035 CRCR Annrep 04-05.Indd 82 AUSTRALIAN CANOPY CRANE research facility “The forest canopy is where the atmosphere meets the biosphere. It is where photosynthetic processes take place and, not surprisingly, where most biotic interactions occur. Perhaps as much as half of all biodiversity on Earth is to be found inin tropicaltropical rainforests,rainforests, andand aa largelarge proportionproportion ofof thisthis biodiversitybiodiversity isis toto bebe foundfound withinwithin thethe canopy,canopy, referred to by some as ‘the last biological frontier’.” Image courtesy of Nigel Stork 2004-2005 Annual Report 83 The Rainforest CRC to manages the Australian The Australian Canopy Crane forms part of the Canopy Crane, a unique research tool for studying international Global Canopy Programme, a network that tropical rainforests that enables us to continue to links studies of forest canopies worldwide. The facility has been used in over thirty research projects involving provide cutting edge research on the forest canopy more than eighty scientists from Australia and overseas. through Program 3 Canopy Processes and Dymamics. Several core projects are providing long-term data on the rainforest canopy. The research team using the facility A History of the Crane has an impressive publication and training record and is internationally recognised. This year the Rainforest CRC prepared a report to summarise the achievements in canopy research, training, The Australian Canopy Crane represents an important postgraduate education and policy development resulting national research asset. Over the past six years from the establishment of the Australian Canopy Crane this significant investment has assisted Australia in Research Facility in 1998. First trialled by the Smithsonian developing a greater understanding of the unique canopy Tropical Research Institute in Panama, the use of environment. industrial cranes in tropical forests has opened up the canopy to exploration by scientists in the same way that Research the deep-sea submersible has provided access to the ocean floor. With the installation of the Australian Canopy A highlight of this year’s research activities was work Crane in the Daintree rainforest of far north Queensland, undertaken by two overseas forestry students conducting Australia has a unique national research facility capable of fifth year University studies based at the canopy crane providing vital information on a poorly known part of our site. Working under the supervision of Dr Mike Liddell, rainforests – the forest canopy. Nicolas Nieullet of France and Otavio Campoe of Brazil built on research undertaken by Dr Martin Freiberg (now at Leipzig University in Germany) in 1999-2000 measuring the crowns of trees of the one-hectare plot accessible by the crane’s gondola. To support Project 3.2 carbon flux measurements taken to date, the team developed models to calculate the biomass of 210 rainforest trees on the crane site. These measurements will be compared with carbon flux data for accuracy and will form the basis of an ongoing study on the changes taking place in Wet Tropics rainforests. Results are now being written up for submission to Global Change Biology. Work undertaken by researchers of Program 3 on canopy diversity in Australia (biodiversity and climate) has placed the Rainforest CRC at the forefront of global research. Researchers now know the link between forest canopies and climate cycles, and about biodiversity and its functional roles in the ecology of rainforests. What scientists cannot yet quantify is the link between the two. This is the challenge for the next round of research in Australia and elsewhere. Program 3 leader Professor Roger Kitching is involved in formulating a Global Environment Facility proposal that will investigate this link in a number of tropical canopies, including ours in Australia. The Global Canopy Programme The Global Canopy Programme is a global alliance linking studies of forest canopies worldwide into a collaborative programme of research, education and conservation addressing biodiversity, climate change and poverty alleviation. Prime areas for investigation are the function of forest canopies in the maintenance of biodiversity and the influence of forests on climate change, particularly in A history of the Australian Canopy Crane relation to sequestering carbon from the atmosphere. The from 1999-2005 was published by the Rainforest CRC. Global Canopy Programme links with the International Canopy Crane Network – a consortium of the twelve australian canopy crane research facility australian canopy crane research facility canopy cranes already in existence for studying forest canopies. Professors Nigel Stork and Roger Kitching have been members of the Global Canopy Programme Steering Committee since its inception and are helping to guide its development. Professor Kitching also co-convenes Canopy Biology Training Programs in Brazil and Malaysia, funded by the UK Darwin Initiative. The United Nations Environment Programme, with financial support from the Global Environment Facility, has provided funding for proposal development to establish a series of ‘whole forest observatories’ across the tropics. These will be linked to others already in existence including the Australian Canopy Crane. The INTERNATIONALISATION, network’s aim is to investigate how climate change might alter the way forests function and what risks this poses to humans and the huge diversity of life these forests COMMERCIALISATION AND sustain. If the US$17million network is fully funded, the first five observatories will be set up in Brazil, Ghana, Madagascar, India and Malaysia. The Governments of all five countries involved have backed the plan. It is proposed that a canopy crane will be installed at each site to provide mobility within the forest from treetops to soil. Tower instruments will monitor fluxes of water and carbon dioxide between the canopy and the atmosphere. Each observatory will act as a monitoring and early future directions warning system for the signs of climate change and will deliver critical information to a network of stakeholders, including governments and communities. Image courtesy of Birgit Kuehn The Global Canopy Programme’s map of existing canopy research sites and planned new Whole Forest Observatories in The facility’s full time crane operator, Dick Cooper, carrying out regular Brazil, Ghana, Madagascar, India and Malaysia, to be partly maintenance. Fuchs Oils provide sponsorship for the crane through funded by UNEP/GEF provision of lubricants (Images courtesy of Nigel Stork). (Image courtesy of Global Canopy Programme). 2004-2005 Annual Report.
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