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A Study on the Opportunities and Challenges Faced by Secondary School Students with Disabling Conditions at Danhiko Project, in Harare

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A Study on the Opportunities and Challenges Faced by Secondary School Students with Disabling Conditions at Danhiko Project, in Harare A STUDY ON THE OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES FACED BY SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS WITH DISABLING CONDITIONS AT DANHIKO PROJECT, IN HARARE. BY KAREN M. KUSOKORA B1128213 BINDURA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE EDUCATION SUPERVISOR: MS CHIGONDO A RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE BACHELOR OF SCIENCE HONOURS DEGREE IN SOCIAL WORK DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK IN THE FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES, BINDURA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE EDUCATION NOVEMBER 2014 APPROVAL FORM I certify that I have supervised Karen M. Kusokora for this research entitled “A STUDY ON THE OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES FACED BY SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS WITH DISABLING CONDITIONS AT DANHIKO, IN HARARE” in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the Bachelor of Social Work Honours Degree and recommend that it proceeds for examination. Supervisor’s name.....................................signature........................date.................................... Chairperson of department Board of Examiners The department board of examiners is satisfied that this dissertation report meets the examination requirements and I therefore recommend to the Bindura University of Science Education to accept a research project by Karen M. Kusokora entitled “A STUDY ON THE OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES FACED BY SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS WITH DISABLING CONDITIONS AT DANHIKO, IN HARARE” in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the Bachelor of Social Work Honours Degree. Chairperson’s name………………………………..signature……………………..date…………. i DECLARATION AND RELEASE FORM I, Karen M. Kusokora studying for the Bachelor of Social Work Honours degree, is cognizant of the fact that plagiarism is a serious academic offence and that falsifying information is a breach of ethics in Social Work research, truthfully declare that: 1. The research project report entitled “A STUDY ON THE OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES FACED BY SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS WITH DISABLING CONDITIONS AT DANHIKO, IN HARARE” is a result of my own work and has not been plagiarized. 2. I have followed research ethics required in pursuit of Social Work research. 3. I grant permission to the University to use this report for educational purposes. Student’s name ………………………Signature………………….Date…………………. Permanent Home address…………..7 David Avenue, Greendale Athlone, Harare. ii DEDICATION I dedicate this research to my two lovely sisters; Yolanda K. Dhliwayo and Makanaka Kusokora as well as to my beloved brother, Tapiwa Kusokora. “With Jesus in the vessel, you can smile at the storm.” iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Above all, I thank the Lord Almighty in heaven for guiding and sailing me through this research project. I extend my sincere gratitude to my supervisor Ms E.E Chigondo whose knowledge and skills greatly contributed to the successful outcome of this research study. I also convey my gratitude to The Danhiko Project for granting me the permission to carry this research at their institution. Special mention goes to Mr Majonga, Sister Parirewa and Mr Zininga as well as the Social Work interns for their amazing support. Further gratitude is extended to my family; Mr A. and Mrs H. Kusokora, mum Besty, and my brother Tapiwa for their unwavering support. Contributions, motivations and encouragements from friends Tinashe Tembo, Nyasha Nyabvure, Tariro Zambe, IP Mhlanga and Tigere Njawaya are highly appreciated. Last but not least, I thank all the respondents who participated in this research. iv ABSTRACT The research was aimed at finding the opportunities and challenges faced by secondary school students with disabling conditions at Danhiko. It was also aimed at finding students’ coping strategies in dealing with the challenges they face as well as the measures put in place by Danhiko to address or mitigate these challenges. The research targeted seventy secondary school students with disabling conditions thus; a sample of 35 respondents was selected. Due to client-self- determination some respondents did not participate. The social worker at the institution served as the key informant. Purposive sampling was used to select the students and the key informant. Interviews and focus group discussions were used to collect data. The research findings highlight that there are various opportunities available for students with disabling conditions such as education, sports, clubs and others. Besides these opportunities, the students also face challenges such as stigma and discrimination, bullying and lack of finances and these challenges also affect their academic performance. To deal with the challenges, students use coping strategies such as reporting and ignoring. To further address the challenges, Danhiko has various measures put in place which includes the Social Welfare Department which links students to resources and provides counselling. The research recommends that the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education adopt an education curriculum which takes cognisance of the special needs in education for students with disabling conditions so as to improve their academic performance. It recommends that the government provides funds or loans to start income generating projects to solve the institution’s economic challenges so that it can also solve students’ problems. v TABLE OF CONTENTS APPROVAL FORM ........................................................................................................................ i DECLARATION AND RELEASE FORM.................................................................................... ii DEDICATION ............................................................................................................................... iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................................... iv ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................... v LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................................ xii LIST OF FIGURES ..................................................................................................................... xiii LIST OF APPENDICES .............................................................................................................. xiv LIST OF ACRONYMS ................................................................................................................ xv CHAPTER 1 .................................................................................................................................. 1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1BACKGROUND ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM ........................................................................................ 2 1.3 AIM ........................................................................................................................................... 2 1.4 OBJECTIVES ........................................................................................................................... 3 1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY.......................................................................................... 3 1.6 DEFINITION OF TERMS ....................................................................................................... 4 1.7 SUMMARY .............................................................................................................................. 6 CHAPTER 2 .................................................................................................................................. 7 LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................................... 7 2. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 7 2.1 MODELS OF DISABILITY..................................................................................................... 7 2.1.1 Medical Model ....................................................................................................................... 7 2.1.2 Social Model .......................................................................................................................... 8 2.2 THEORATICAL FRAMEWORK............................................................................................ 9 2.2.1 Functionalist theory ............................................................................................................... 9 2.2.2 Critical theory ........................................................................................................................ 9 2.3 OPPORTUNITIES .................................................................................................................. 10 2.3.1 Access to education.............................................................................................................. 10 vi 2.3.2 Behavior change or modification ......................................................................................... 10 2.3.3 Disability workshops for students ........................................................................................ 10 2.3.4 Donor assistance .................................................................................................................
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