What's Inside

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

What's Inside REFLECTIONS Vol. 38, No. 2 Arkansas Humanities Council Winter 2014 What’s Inside Recently-funded Projects Learn about major grants we have awarded Page 3 Launch of Ozark Literary Journal See report on and excerpts from Cave Region Review Page 4 Chairman’s Report Mark Christ details ways you can help fortify the Ar- kansas Humanities Council Page 6 Summer Seminar An AHC co-sponsored sum- mer seminar for secondary teachers Page 10 UALR Creates Civil Rights Website A website dedicated to Arkansas’ Civil Rights Heritage Page 12 ... and more Confederate Sunset by Gerry Toler From the Cave Region Review Page 2- Reflections Winter 2014 Partnerships 2014 The Arkansas Humanities Coun- of Arkansas Heritage. of Race and Ethnicity. The website cil has great partners! Take a look As you are sitting by the fire this for the trail was funded by AHC in at the projects that are highlighted winter reading the poetry of Billy partnership with the Department in this issue and you’ll see that the Collins or Seamus Heaney, why not of Arkansas Heritage. The article on success we have had promoting the pick up the current copy of Cave page 12 tells about the kickoff of the public humanities in Arkansas is Region Review and enjoy the poetry project. due in large part to partners that of Arkansas State University’s Rick And look at what’s coming! share our mission and vision. Lott? Cave Region Review is pub- Did you know that Major League Our most important partner is lished by students at North Arkan- Baseball’s first spring training was the National Endowment for the sas College in Harrison and funded in Arkansas? The University of Humanities. NEH provides the by an AHC minigrant. See page 4 Arkansas has begun production on foundation for everything we do for a report on the project along a documentary film on professional through its support grants to state with excerpts from the current issue. baseball teams that held pre-season humanities councils. Have you ever thought about training in Hot Springs. Have you We partner with the Department what teachers do outside the class- ever marveled at the beautiful old of Arkansas Heritage to offer Ar- room, on their own time, to provide courthouses we have in Arkansas? kansas Heritage grants. The Win- quality instruction for their stu- AETN will produce a film about the throp Rockefeller Foundation spon- dents? The article on page 10 tells cultural significance of the histor- sors our REACH grant program of the summer seminar for teachers ic courthouses and the efforts to for humanities projects in schools that was co-sponsored by the Butler preserve them. These two films are across Arkansas. Through our part- Center for Arkansas Studies and projects of the Arkansas Heritage nership with the Central Arkansas AHC. Grant program. Library System we cosponsor the AHC and the Winthrop Rockefel- This summer teachers from Arkansas Literary Festival and the ler Foundation have partnered to of- across Arkansas will attend the re- Butler Center’s Legacies & Lunch fer schools in Arkansas the REACH nowned Little Rock Writing Project. lecture series. We sponsor History (Raising Education Achievement The Battle of Jenkin’s Ferry will be Day with the University of Central and Competency in the Human- the focus of a series of events. Mem- Arkansas and help support the ities) grant program. Turn to page 9 bers of the Marshallese community Arkansas Historical Association’s and read about the efforts of a teach- in northwest Arkansas will begin the annual conference. er in Malvern that have brought Marshallese Oral History project. As you peruse the aricles in this national recognition to the school. The founding of Lawrence County issue of Reflections, you will find How about a day trip to Stuttgart (the home county of Imboden); that grantmaking and the organi- to visit the Museum of the Arkansas General William O. Darby; Indi- zations that receive the funds are at Grand Prairie, where you can visit an tribal records in Arkansas; the the heart of what we do. a pioneer dwelling from the 1800’s? search for the battlefield at Wallace’s The next time you sharpen that See page 13 for an example of the Ferry; the photographs of Hugo and Old Timer pocket knife your daddy Small Museum Minigrant program, Gayne Preller; the Brinkley Acade- gave you for Christmas 50 years ago, funded in partnership with the my and Washington, AR during the you will probably be using a whet- Department of Arkansas Heritage Civil War are all humanities projects stone from Arkansas. See the article and AHC. that will begin this year. on page 14 to learn more about Want to learn about Arkansas’ 2014 promises to be exciting! whetstones and the Arkansas Ar- rich civil rights heritage? Visit the cheological Survey project funded Arkansas Civil Rights Heritage Trail in partnership with the Department just launched by UALR’s Institute Paul S. Austin, Executive Director Winter 2014 Reflections- Page 3 Board Awards $148,761 in Major Grants The Arkansas Humanities Council $20,000 grant to conduct oral interviews The First Boys of Spring board of directors met Nov. 15, 2013, to of members of the Marshallese com- A $25,000 grant was awarded to the review major grant applications. They munity in Northwest Arkansas. April L. University of Arkansas at Fayetteville for awarded 13 grants for humanities proj- Brown, project director. the production of a film on profession- ects throughout the state. Major grant al baseball teams that held pre-season applications are accepted in February training in Hot Springs. Larry Foley, and September of each year. Projects re- RESEARCH project director. ceiving grants on Nov. 15 are listed be- Arkansas Family History Information in 19th Century Indian low. OTHER MEDIA Tribal Records Gen. William O. Darby The Sequoyah National Research PUBLIC PROGRAMS The Darby Foundation in Fort Smith Center in Little Rock was awarded a was awarded a $4,770 grant to produce 2014 Martin Luther King Jr. Holiday $3,900 grant to locate and catalog doc- media on the early life and military ca- Weeklong Commemoration uments that will be used to create a reer of Brig. Gen. William O. Darby. The Arkansas Martin Luther King searchable database on the Chickasaw, Emory S. Dockery, project director. Commission was awarded a $5,411 Choctaw, Cherokee, Seminole and Mus- grant to support its observance during cogee (Creek) tribal records. Daniel F. the Martin Luther King Jr. holiday week. Littlefield, project director. Washington, Ark., and the American Activities included an empowerment Civil War: A Traveling Exhibit summit at Old Jacksonville Elementary Archeological Survey to Locate Battle- Pioneer Washington Restoration School and A Day of Service observance field at Wallace’s Ferry Foundation in Washington, Ark., was at the Pine Bluff Convention Center. The Arkansas Archeological Survey awarded a $6,000 grant to develop a Gov. Mike Beebe, Dr. Carolyn Blakely in Fayetteville was awarded a $5,754 traveling exhibit about Washington and Dr. Joel Anderson spoke during the grant to conduct field work at the site of during the Civil War. Josh Williams, project director. week. DuShun Scarbrough and Walter Wallace Ferry Civil War engagement. Washington, project directors. Carl Carlson-Drexler, project director. Old School: Remembering the Brin- kley Academy Battle of Jenkins Ferry Founding of Lawrence County: Park Central Little Rock was award- A New Perspective on Early Settle- A $3,447 grant was awarded to the ed a $3,037 grant to develop a traveling ment Friends of Jenkins Ferry Battlefield Or- exhibit on the history of the Consolidat- Five Rivers Historic Preservation Inc. ganization in Sheridan for a series of ed White River Academy, commonly in Pocahontas was awarded a $14,699 events recognizing the last Civil War bat- referred to as the Brinkley Academy. tle fought on Arkansas soil. Mary Baxley, grant to conduct research on the history Grace Hayes Blagdon, project director. project director. of Lawrence County. Bill Carroll, project director. A House of Light: the Art and Photog- Little Rock Writing Project raphy of Hugo and Gayne Preller A $16,000 grant was awarded to the PRODUCTION The Old Independence Regional University of Arkansas at Little Rock for Courthouses of Arkansas Museum in Batesville was awarded a its writing workshop for Arkansas teach- The Arkansas Educational Television $15,790 grant for a multimedia exhibit ers. Heather Hummel, project director. Network in Conway received a $24,952 based on photographs taken by Hugo grant to produce a film about cultural and Gayne Preller in the early 20th cen- Marshallese Oral History Project significance of historic courthouses in tury. Chris Engholm, project director. The Marshallese Educational Initia- Arkansas. The film will also explore -ef tive Inc. in Fayetteville was awarded a forts to preserve the structures. Casey Sanders, project director. Page 4- Reflections Winter 2014 Successful Launch of Ozark Literary Journal North Arkansas College pre- fers Northark students numerous sented the fifth volume of Cave opportunities and benefits. Region Review: A Journal of Lit- This year’s featured poet is Rick erary and Visual Art to the pub- Lott, a widely published poet lic on Nov. 7, 2013, in the John who teaches creative writing and Paul Hammerschmidt Con- literature at Arkansas State Uni- ference Center on Northark’s versity. Lott, who has six poems in the new Cave Region Review, south campus in Harrison. said, “A good poem should not Titled “A Celebration of the attempt to inform or persuade. It Humanities,” it was the third should re-create in vivid images annual launch reception for the a small piece of the world that journal.
Recommended publications
  • A Many-Storied Place
    A Many-storied Place Historic Resource Study Arkansas Post National Memorial, Arkansas Theodore Catton Principal Investigator Midwest Region National Park Service Omaha, Nebraska 2017 A Many-Storied Place Historic Resource Study Arkansas Post National Memorial, Arkansas Theodore Catton Principal Investigator 2017 Recommended: {){ Superintendent, Arkansas Post AihV'j Concurred: Associate Regional Director, Cultural Resources, Midwest Region Date Approved: Date Remove not the ancient landmark which thy fathers have set. Proverbs 22:28 Words spoken by Regional Director Elbert Cox Arkansas Post National Memorial dedication June 23, 1964 Table of Contents List of Figures vii Introduction 1 1 – Geography and the River 4 2 – The Site in Antiquity and Quapaw Ethnogenesis 38 3 – A French and Spanish Outpost in Colonial America 72 4 – Osotouy and the Changing Native World 115 5 – Arkansas Post from the Louisiana Purchase to the Trail of Tears 141 6 – The River Port from Arkansas Statehood to the Civil War 179 7 – The Village and Environs from Reconstruction to Recent Times 209 Conclusion 237 Appendices 241 1 – Cultural Resource Base Map: Eight exhibits from the Memorial Unit CLR (a) Pre-1673 / Pre-Contact Period Contributing Features (b) 1673-1803 / Colonial and Revolutionary Period Contributing Features (c) 1804-1855 / Settlement and Early Statehood Period Contributing Features (d) 1856-1865 / Civil War Period Contributing Features (e) 1866-1928 / Late 19th and Early 20th Century Period Contributing Features (f) 1929-1963 / Early 20th Century Period
    [Show full text]
  • Karst in the Arkansas Ozarks
    Karst Topography in the Arkansas Ozarks A discussion guide by the Arkansas Natural Heritage Commission The Ozarks Mountains are typically described as plateaus. They formed when the land was uplifted leaving high mountains with flat tops at approximately the same elevation. Though the Ozarks have relatively flat tops, they are known for their rugged terrain. Streams and rivers carved deep valleys into the plateaus creating the peaks, bluffs, waterfalls, and overlooks that are common in this scenic mountain range. The Ozark Mountains in Arkansas can be further subdivided into the Ozark Highlands and the Boston Mountains. The Ozark Highlands subdivision will be the focus of this discussion guide. Approximately 300 million years ago during the Paleozoic Era Arkansas was covered by an ocean. As the creatures Erosion of Ozark plateaus. that lived in this ocean died, their skeletons and shells fell Illustration by Patt. Clark for Arkansas and the Land. to the ocean floor. Their remains were compressed over time and formed a horizontally-layered, sedimentary rock known as limestone. These layers of marine organisms formed another sedimentary rock called dolomite. Though they are similar, dolomite consists of calcium magnesium carbonate, while limestone is simply calcium carbonate. The Ozark Highlands are dominated by limestone and dolomite. Though neither is particularly permeable to water, both are water soluable. As rain falls, it dissolves carbon dioxide in the air. As it passes through soil, decaying leaves, and other organic material, the rainwater picks up other acids. This creates a weak carbonic acid that reacts with the calcium in limestone and dolomite, slowly dissolving the rock.
    [Show full text]
  • African American Newspapers, Series 1, 1827-1998 an Archive of Americana Collection
    African American Newspapers, Series 1, 1827-1998 An Archive of Americana Collection Quick Facts Titles, drawn from more than 35 states, provide a one-of-a-kind record of African American history, culture and daily life Covers life in the Antebellum South, the Jim Crow Era, the Great Migration, Harlem Renaissance, Civil Rights movement, and more Based upon James P. Danky’s monumental bibliography: African-American Newspapers and Periodicals “...full-text access to 270 historically significant African-American newspapers from across the U.S....this collection offers unique perspectives and rich historical context...Highly recommended.” —L. A. Ganster, University of Pittsburgh in Choice (January 2011) Overview African American Newspapers, Series 1, 1827-1998, provides online access to 280 U.S. newspapers chronicling a century and a half of the African American experience. This unique collection, which includes papers from more than 35 states, features many rare and historically significant 19th-century titles. Newly digitized, these newspapers published by or for African Americans can now be browsed and searched as never before. Hundreds of titles—all expertly selected from leading repositories Part of the Readex America’s Historical Newspapers collection, African American Newspapers, Series 1, was created from the most extensive African American newspaper archives in the United States—those of the Wisconsin Historical Society, Kansas State Historical Society and the Library of Congress. Selections were guided by James Danky, editor of African-American Newspapers and Periodicals: A National Bibliography. Beginning with Freedom’s Journal (NY)—the first African American newspaper published in the United States—the titles in this resource include The Colored Citizen (KS), Arkansas State Press, Rights of All (NY), Wisconsin Afro-American, New York Age, L’Union (LA), Northern Star and Freeman’s Advocate (NY), Richmond Planet, Cleveland Gazette, The Appeal (MN) and hundreds of others from every region of the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Photography and African American Education, 1957–1972
    “A Matter of Building Bridges”: Photography and African American Education, 1957–1972 Connie H. Choi Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2019 © 2019 Connie H. Choi All rights reserved ABSTRACT “A Matter of Building Bridges”: Photography and African American Education, 1957–1972 Connie H. Choi This dissertation examines the use of photography in civil rights educational efforts from 1957 to 1972. Photography played an important role in the long civil rights movement, resulting in major legal advances and greater public awareness of discriminatory practices against people of color. For most civil rights organizations and many African Americans, education was seen as the single most important factor in breaking down social and political barriers, and efforts toward equal education opportunities dramatically increased following the Supreme Court’s 1954 Brown v. Board of Education decision. My dissertation therefore investigates photography’s distinct role in documenting the activities of three educational initiatives—the desegregation of Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1957, the Mississippi Freedom Schools formed the summer of 1964, and the Black Panther liberation schools established in Oakland, California, in 1969—to reveal the deep and savvy understanding of civil rights and Black Power organizations of the relationship between educational opportunities and political power. TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Illustrations
    [Show full text]
  • United States Department of the Interior
    NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations for individual properties and districts. See instructions in National Register Bulletin, How to Complete the National Register of Historic Places Registration Form. If any item does not apply to the property being documented, enter "N/A" for "not applicable." For functions, architectural classification, materials, and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories from the instructions. 1. Name of Property Historic name: _ Arkansas Teachers Association Headquarters Building and Professional Services Building___________________________________________________________ Other names/site number: _ATA Building and Doctors Professional Building _______ Name of related multiple property listing: ___________________________________________________________ (Enter "N/A" if property is not part of a multiple property listing ____________________________________________________________________________ 2. Location Street & number: _1304 & 1306 Wright Avenue ____________________________ City or town: _Little Rock_____ State: ___AR_________ County: __Pulaski_______ Not For Publication: Vicinity: ____________________________________________________________________________ 3. State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, I hereby certify that this X nomination
    [Show full text]
  • Views About the Signing
    Readex Report The Robinson Interregnum: The Black Press Responds to the Signing of Jackie Robinson, October 23, 1945-March 1, 1946 By Thomas Aiello Associate Professor of History, Valdosta State University There is little about the life of Jackie Robinson that historians do not know. Each part of his saga has been analyzed time and again. Among the periods sometimes given short shrift, however, is the time between the seminal event of his signing with the Montreal Royals, AAA farm team of Branch Rickey’s Brooklyn Dodgers, in October 1945 and his arrival in Sanford, Florida, for his first spring training in an unapologetically racist South. Such is not to say that the period has not also received its chronicle. Jules Tygiel’s Baseball’s Great Experiment is the most substantial account of the sport’s integration, and Tygiel does recount Robinson’s time during the interregnum. So too does David Falkner in his Robinson biography Great Time Coming and Chris Lamb in his account of Robinson’s first spring training. [1] Each of those accounts uses major black weeklies to create a picture of Robinson’s actions and the black response, but looking at smaller black weeklies, less trumpeted than the Pittsburgh Courier and Chicago Defender, a more nuanced picture of that response helps color the solid scholarship that already exists. The initial response from smaller black newspapers, as found in African American Newspapers, 1827-1998, was, understandably, elation. Robinson’s signing was an “e[p]ochal step,” reported the Kansas City Plaindealer. “A
    [Show full text]
  • Passioned, Radical Leader Who Incorporating Their Own
    Vol. 59 No. 11 March 13 - 19, 2019 CELEBRATING MARCH 14, 2018 25 Portland and Seattle Volume XL No. 24 CENTS BLACK MEN ARRESTED AT STARBUCKS WANT CHANGE IN U.S. RACIAL ATTITUDES - PG. 2 News ..............................3,8-10 A & E .....................................6-7 Opinion ...................................2 NRA Gives to Schools ......8 NATIONAL NEWSPAPER PUBLISHERS ASSOCIATION CHALLENGING PEOPLE TO SHAPE A BETTER FUTURE NOW Calendars ...........................4-5 Bids/Classifieds ....................11 THE SKANNER NEWS READERS POLL Should Portland Public Schools change the name of Jefferson High School? (451 responses) YES THE NATION’S ONLY BLACK DAILY 129 (29%) NO Reporting and Recording Black History 322 (71%) STUDENTS WALK OUT 75 Cents VOL. 47 NO. 28 FRIDAY, APRIL 20, 2018 Final Seventy-one percent of respondents to a The Skanner News poll favored keeping the name of Thomas Jefferson High School intact. CENTER192 FOCUSES ON YOUTH POLL RESULTS: YEARS OF THE 71 Percent of TO HELP SAVE THE PLANET The Skanner’s Readers Oppose BLACK PRESS Jefferson Name Change Alumni association circulating a petition OF AMERICA opposed to name change PHOTO BY SUSAN FRIED SUSAN BY PHOTO By Christen McCurdy Hundreds of students from Washington Middle School and Garfield High School joined students across the country in a walkout and 17 minutes of silence Of The Skanner News to show support for the lives lost at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Florida Feb. 14 and to let elected officials know that they want stricter gun control laws. he results of a poll by The Skanner News, which opened Feb. 22 and closed Tuesday, favor keeping the Oregon Introduces ‘Gun Violence Restraining Orders’ Tname of North Portland’s Thomas Jefferson High School.
    [Show full text]
  • Trail of Tears in Arkansas Learning About Indian Removal Through Mapping Landscapes Students Learning from Statewide and Local Historic Places
    The Trail of Tears in Arkansas Learning About Indian Removal through Mapping Landscapes Students Learning from Statewide and Local Historic Places Written by Shelle Stormoe, Education Outreach Coordinator Updated spring 2016 1000 La Harpe · Little Rock, Arkansas 72201 · Phone (501) 324-9880 Fax (501) 324-9184 · TDD (501) 324-9811 Website: arkansaspreservation.org • Email: [email protected] An Agency of the Department of Arkansas Heritage The Trail of Tears in Arkansas 2 Contents Instructional Guidelines ............................................................................................................................. 3 Materials ...................................................................................................................................................... 4 Instructions .................................................................................................................................................. 5 Landscape Comparison Chart ................................................................................................................. 6 Six Geographic Regions of Arkansas with County Overlay................................................................. 7 Trail of Tears Road Segments on the National Register of Historic Places and the Arkansas Register of Historic Places ........................................................................................................................ 8 Trail of Tears Landscapes Map ..............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Butler Ebanner
    The Butler eBanner Newsletter of the Butler Center for Arkansas Studies Winter 2019 Art Exhibitions February 8–April 27 Concordia Hall Gallery Anne Dale Robertson Family Letters Paintings by Charles Henry James: Back to the Garden Available to Researchers Artist and musician Charles Henry James, who has split his time nne Lewis Dale Robertson, a prolific between Little Rock and his native letter writer, became the keeper of New York for nearly thirty years, takes her family’s history. The history she a humorous, free-wheeling approach A to socio/political engagement, preserved is contained in the Anne Dale Rob- filtered through the lens of pop ertson family collection, MSS.18.43, now culture tropes, op art, surrealism, held by the Butler Center. The family story, and psychedelia. which takes place mostly in central Tennessee February 8–May 25 and eastern Arkansas, is told through more Loft Gallery Made in America: Vintage Film Posters than 650 letters and a small number of related from the Ron Robinson Collection documents. It stretches over five generations, The Butler Center holds an extensive two continents, three countries, and two wars. collection of Arkansas-related and other movie posters. The late Ron Anne Lewis Dale was born on May 14, Robinson of Little Rock, an avid 1821, the third of five children of Edward collector who was the president of Washington Dale and Anne Moore Dale. Four Cranford Johnson Robinson Woods Excerpt from a letter from Fannie Waddel, wife (CJRW) and also served as a U.S. Air additional children were born to Edward and Force officer in Vietnam, generously his second wife, Fanny Baird.
    [Show full text]
  • Black Periodicals and Newspapers. a Union List of Holdings in Libraries of the University of Wisconsin and the Library of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 192 BOO IR 008 882 AUTHOR Strache, Neil EA, Comp.: And Others TITLE Black Periodicals and Newspapers. A Union List of Holdings in Libraries of the University of Wisconsin and the Library of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin. Second Edition, Revised. INSTITUTION Wisconsin State Historical Society, Madison. PUE CATE 79 NOTE 93p.: For related docusett, see ED 130 290. EDRS PRICE MF01 Plus Postage. PC Not Available from EDRS. DESCRIPTORS Black Literature: *Blacks: Indexes: *Library Collections: *Newspapers: *Periodicals: Union Catalogs' ABSTRACT This second edition of Black Periodicals and Newspapers is a guide to the holdings and locations of more than 600 periodical and newspaper titles relating to black Americans which were received before February 1979 in the libraries of the University of Wisconsin-Eadison and in the Library of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin. The guide includes literary, political, and historical journals, a:. well as general newspapers and feature magazines cf the black community. A comparison is made of the number of titles representing each state in this edition and in the original guide. Wisconsin libraries whose holdings appear in the guide are listed. The union list itself is arranged alphabetically by title, and a geograpbic index to the titles (by state and principal cities' follows. A subject index is also provided. (SW' *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * *********************************************************************** U S. DORAN TWINE OP REALM EDUCATION a WELPARE C:) NATIONAL INSMUTE OP EOUCAE1ON Q THIS DOCUMENT HAS RUN Rem. Duce* EXACTLY AS RECEIVED RAW THEPERSON OR °ROAN'S MIN OR MIN.
    [Show full text]
  • African American Newspapers Title List
    African American Newspapers, 1827-1998 Newspaper Title City State Start Date End Date Issues Alabama Wide-Awake Birmingham AL 1900-01-24 1900-01-24 1 Huntsville Gazette Huntsville AL 1881-06-18 1894-12-29 746 Huntsville Star Huntsville AL 1900-01-26 1900-01-26 1 Montgomery Enterprise Montgomery AL 1900-01-26 1900-01-26 1 Alaska Alaska Spotlight Anchorage AK 1956-07-28 1968-11-30 12 Anchorage Gazette Anchorage AK 1992-12-01 1993-01-01 2 Arkansas Homeland Forrest City AR 1991-10-01 1999-07-01 90 American Guide Little Rock AR 1900-01-27 1900-01-27 1 Arkansas Freeman Little Rock AR 1869-10-05 1869-10-05 1 Arkansas Mansion Little Rock AR 1883-06-23 1884-04-19 41 Arkansas State Press Little Rock AR 1941-05-09 1959-10-30 896 Southern Mediator Journal Little Rock AR 1962-06-22 1966-02-25 2 Pine Bluff Weekly Herald Pine Bluff AR 1900-01-27 1900-01-27 1 California Free Angela Los Angeles CA 1971-05-01 1971-11-08 5 Inter-Faith Churchman Los Angeles CA 1941-04-20 1941-04-20 1 Los Angeles Tribune Los Angeles CA 1943-09-06 1960-04-22 150 Teller Los Angeles CA 1946-03-20 1946-03-20 1 Oakland Sunshine Oakland CA 1915-03-20 1922-02-25 27 Western Outlook Oakland CA 1914-11-07 1928-05-26 80 Elevator San Francisco CA 1865-05-05 1898-06-11 274 Mirror of the Times San Francisco CA 1857-12-12 1857-12-12 1 San Francisco Vindicator San Francisco CA 1887-05-02 1889-02-16 9 Colorado Colorado Statesman Denver CO 1900-01-27 1900-01-27 1 Connecticut Black Coalition Weekly New Haven CT 1972-03-06 1972-09-14 13 Delaware Advance Wilmington DE 1900-09-22 1900-09-22 1 Washington D.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Arkansas Civil Rights Heritage Trail
    Arkansas Civil Rights Heritage Trail 1. Historic West Ninth Street Broadway Street at West Ninth Street As early as the 1840s and expanding into the 1880s, both black and white businesses existed in what is now known as Downtown Little Rock. By the late 1800s, a prolific, centrally located, black social and business corridor dominated West Ninth Street. In 1898, D. B. Gaines, a local black physician who also served as pastor of Mt. Pleasant Baptist Church, wrote a book titled Racial Possibilities as Indicated by the Negroes of Arkansas. The last chapter, “Colored Business Directory of Little Rock,” documents the existence of a vibrant commercial hub with nearly twenty churches and hundreds of black business people. The black district was home to doctors, dentists, lawyers, and entrepreneurs such as restauranteurs, newspaper publishers, drug store operators, barbers, tailors, and trades people. This city- within-a-city served the needs of the black community from the 1880s through the 1950s. Gaines described the conditions in the community and offered a representation of the resources and capabilities of black people of the state. West Ninth Street saw its heyday between the 1870s and the 1950s. Since the 1960s, a number of factors, including desegregation, urbanization, urban renewal, and the construction of I-630, have led to its decline. 2. Lynching of John Carter West Ninth Street and Broadway Street On May 4, 1927, Little Rock witnessed its worst episode of racial violence in the twentieth century. Thirty- eight year old African American John Carter allegedly “assaulted” two white women on the outskirts of the city.
    [Show full text]