University of Manchester Library

BLS Brethren Lantern Slides

Compiled by Carly Morel and Graham Johnson March 2017

© The University of Manchester Library Brethren Lantern Slides n.d.

Reference code: GB 133 BLS Title: Brethren Lantern Slides Dates of creation: n.d. [19--?] Held at: The University of Manchester, The John Rylands University Library Extent: 100 items Genre: Lantern Slides Physical condition: Some of slides are cracked and others broken. Name of creator: Level of Description: fonds Language: English Published by: The John Rylands University Library 150 Deansgate, Manchester M3 3EH England tel.: +44 (0)161 275 3764 fax: +44 (0)161 834 5574

Administrative history

The slides were used for raising the profile of activity related to the Plymouth Brethren tradition. The title 'Plymouth Brethren' is the name often given to a group of independent autonomous Christian congregations, which trace their origins back to Ireland in the 1820's. Although widely known as the Plymouth Brethren, or just Brethren, many members dislike such titles because they suggest that they are a denomination. The Brethren have seen themselves as returning to an earlier tradition of worship as practiced in the New Testament, before the creation of formal churches and denominations. The Brethren movement split in two in 1848 and the two wings are often referred to as the '' and the ''. The slides were produced by individuals within the 'Open' branch of the movement which has always had a strong evangelistic and missionary thrust. In consequence, there are 'Brethren' congregations in up to 130 countries in the world. Scope and content

The collection is composed of 100 lantern slides that depict missionary activity from around the world. Places depicted in these slides include Africa, , Russia, Iraq, Jamaica, Italy, and Spain. They also include some of the important individuals within the Brethren including A. N. Groves and J. N. Darby. Some of the slides are from the set produced by the London Missionary Society: ‘The Life and Work of ’. However, some of these images are slightly different versions (for instance, here the slide BLS/5 contains a photograph of King Khama, whereas the LMS version at the National Portrait Gallery contains a coloured drawing).

The depictions on the slides vary, and range from photographic content to drawings of scenes and people. They also include maps, religious verses and collages of Brethren members.

The slides contain much of interest to those studying in general and missionary activity abroad. It may also be of interest to anthropologists wanting to look at the role and impact of in traditional and post industrial societies. System of arrangement

The slides arrived roughly sorted into country order. The principles of provenance and original order have been followed. Physical characteristics/Technical requirements

The archive is comprised of of lantern slides, originally derived to be shown on a lantern slide projector. They cannot currently be displayed in this manner. However they can be viewed using a light box in the Archive and Record Centre. Archival history

The archive was sent by James G Hislop, son of William Hislop. James G Hislop originally acquired the slides from Margaret Cochrane of Newmilns in Ayreshire. Immediate source of acquisition

James G Hislop Restrictions on access

The collection is open to any accredited reader. Restrictions on use

Photocopies and photographic copies of material in the archive can be supplied for private study purposes only, depending on the condition of the documents.

A number of items within the archive remain within copyright under the terms of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988; it is the responsibility of users to obtain the copyright holder's permission for reproduction of copyright material for purposes other than research or private study.

Prior written permission must be obtained from the Library for publication or reproduction of any material within the archive. Please contact the Keeper of Manuscripts and Archives, John Rylands University Library, 150 Deansgate, Manchester, M3 3EH. Related materials

The John Rylands University Library holds the papers of Echoes of Service the Brethren missionary service organisation (GB 133 EOS).

The National Portrait Gallery has a complete set of the 40 lantern slides produced by the London Missionary Society: ‘The Life and Work of David Livingstone’. Bibliography

Tim Grass, Gathering to his name: the story of the open brethren in Britain and Ireland (Milton Keynes: Paternoster Press, 2006)

Neil Dickson, Brethren in Scotland 1838-2000 (Carlisle: Paternoster Press, 2002)

Donald Simpson, ‘Missions and the Magic Lantern’, International Bulletin of Missionary Research, 21.1 (January, 1997) pp. 13-15 Preferred Citation

Brethren Lantern Slides, BLS/1 (etc.), John Rylands University Library, University of Manchester.

Index terms

Corporate Name Echoes of Service Subject Missionaries Wives of missionaries Women missionaries Plymouth Brethren

Reference code: BLS/1

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Label on the front of slide states: ‘The O.B. Lantern department, 56 Old Bailey, E.C’. Handwritten label on the top states: ‘Liwanika la modern’.

The scene consists of an African man sat on a stool holding a fly-whisk. The whisk is a possible status object.

Liwanika is a place in central . King Liwanika brought his kingdom under British control in 1890. The Brethren missionary Frederick Arnot stayed with Liwanika for eighteen months after his arrival in his kingdom of in December 1882.

Reference code: BLS/2

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of the slide states: ‘Street in Luanza ’. Also typed label on the front of the slide, which states: ‘George A. Brown, 2 Grey Place, Greeno...[covered with label 'JR'].

The scene consists of a photograph of a street, lined with indigenous homesteads and plants, with a backdrop of a tropical forest.

This is the base of ’s mission station after he moved from following the killing of King by the Belgians.

Reference code: BLS/3

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Gods Acre Luanza’.

Photograph of a number of native villagers stood with missionaries in western clothing. The centre of the photograph consists of villagers stood around stone blocks.

A slide of Luanza, with a group of people standing around unidentified graves. Later slide confirms one of these graves to be that of J. Wilson. The bearded man in white jacket on the left is Dan Crawford.

Reference code: BLS/4

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Typed label on the front of slide states: ‘William Wilberforce’.

The scene consists of a portrait of William Wilberforce, holding a monocle.

Reference code: BLS/5

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d. Physical Condition: Two small cracks

Scope and Content

Typed label on the top edge states: ‘King Khama’.

Two small labels down the front left of the slide state: ‘Newton and Co, 37 King St, Covent Garden London’; ‘Gardner and Co [...]atricians ,Glasgow’.

Photograph of King Khama III (1837-1923) who was king of Bamangwato (in modern ) and a convert to Christianity.

Reference code: BLS/6

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d. Physical Condition: Slight cracking of glass in left hand corner

Scope and Content

Typed label on the top edge states: ‘A lame day’.

Typed label in the top right corner states: ‘Central Africa’.

The scene consists of a coloured print of David Livingstone being carried on a hammock by two African men, dressed in white with pink striped skirts. A number of local native villagers in the background look on.

This slide is from a set of slides on ‘The Life and Work of David Livingstone’ produced by the London Missionary Society around 1900.

Reference code: BLS/7

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d. Physical Condition: Cracked in half, with corner smashed

Scope and Content

The top edge typed label states: ‘Reading the Bible’.

The scene consists of a print, in which David Livingstone sits reading from a book inside a homestead. Natives in traditional dress, one inside the homestead, a number outside, look on.

This slide is from a set of slides on ‘The Life and Work of David Livingstone’ produced by the London Missionary Society around 1900.

Reference code: BLS/8

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

The top edge label states: ‘Last photo. Leaving London

Photograph of , wearing a long coat, and holding a hat.

Reference code: BLS/9

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

The top edge label states: ‘Travel by Ox W...

Written on the bottom of the slide: ‘TB. an Ox Waggon on the Veldt’.

Photograph of a wagon being pulled by a number of Ox across a river.

This slide is possibly from the set of slides on ‘The Life and Work of David Livingstone’ produced by the London Missionary Society around 1900.

Reference code: BLS/10

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label states: ‘Interview with Armed Men’.

Typed label inside the slide, situated below the scene states: ‘Leading the....[hunters?] through the dense mass of the wild unclad humanity’.

The scene consists of David Livingstone approaching armed Africans.

This slide is from a set of slides on ‘The Life and Work of David Livingstone’ produced by the London Missionary Society around 1900.

Reference code: BLS/11

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Typed top edge label states: ‘African Hippopotamus’.

Typed label in the in the top left corner states: ‘Central Africa’.

The scene consists of a hippopotamus in a river, attacking a boat containing David Livingstone with local natives.

This slide is from a set of slides on ‘The Life and Work of David Livingstone’ produced by the London Missionary Society around 1900.

Reference code: BLS/12

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d. Physical Condition: cracked across slide, and a small crack in the right bottom corner.

Scope and Content

Typed top edge label states: ‘Birthplace of Livingstone’.

Handwritten label across the bottom of the slide states: ‘Livingstone’s Birthplace Ext.’

Photograph of the Shuttle Row tenement building in Blantyre, where Livingstone was born. Stood outside the building are people with livestock, in the courtyard.

This slide is from a set of slides on ‘The Life and Work of David Livingstone’ produced by the London Missionary Society around 1900.

Reference code: BLS/13

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d. Physical Condition: cracked

Scope and Content

Typed top edge label states: ‘Faithfulness of car[rier]’.

Handwritten label across the bottom of the slide: ‘Carrying the body to the coast’.

Scene consists of African natives carrying Livingstone’s body, attached to a long pole which is balanced on their shoulders. The scene is signed 'Ernest Prater' at the bottom.

This slide is from a set of slides on ‘The Life and Work of David Livingstone’ produced by the London Missionary Society around 1900.

Reference code: BLS/14

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Typed top edge label states: ‘Saving Carrier from Lion’.

Typed label in the left hand corner states: ‘Central Africa’.

Scene consists of a lion attacking Livingstone, pinning him down with its paw, while snarling at a man in western dress poised to shoot the lion, backed by armed African natives.

This slide is from a set of slides on ‘The Life and Work of David Livingstone’ produced by the London Missionary Society around 1900.

Reference code: BLS/15

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d. Physical Condition: cracked

Scope and Content

Handwritten label states: ‘D CRAWFORD...MR AND MRS ANTON at J. Wilsons Grave Luanza’.

Photograph of Jeannie Anton, Dan Crawford and James Anton at the grave of John Wilson who died at Luanzaa on 4 May 1899.

Reference code: BLS/16

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

A map of India, headed ‘Carest thou not?’, with Jesus holding his palm up to the map. In his shadow are two starving children. Situated in the left of the picture is a scene of a number of western worshippers listening to a service. Underneath the picture is the quote ‘His pierced hand is pointing to the world for which he died. Carest.’.

Reference code: BLS/17

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front states: ‘Arnot.Swan, Foulkner. meet Sang together. “Jesus shall reign"’.

The scene consists of a background in which a number of African natives are seated in a circle, while in the forefront three men in western dress and pith helmets hold hands. The slide represents the events of February 1888 when Charles Swan and W.L. Faulkner met up with Frederick Stanley Arnot in Garenganze in what is now the Democratic Republic of Congo

Reference code: BLS/18

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Top edge label states : ‘Bushmen ...[unreadable text]’.

Photograph of group of Africans pushing a boat out of a river.

Reference code: BLS/19

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label states: ‘Three Little Children’.

Photograph of three African children sat on the ground.

Reference code: BLS/20

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Typed label on the front of slide states: ‘There's a call comes ringing’.

Scene consists of an African female in western clothes, holding a large leaf with a baby in a pouch. A male child stands next to her. The scene is headed by the quotation ‘Let us not grow weary in the work of love, Send the light, ... send the light. While we gather jewels for our crown above. Send the light …’ The words are from the hymn ‘There’s a call comes ringing’ by Charles Hutchinson Gabriel.

Reference code: BLS/21

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d. Scope and Content

Taken with BLS/3. A number of missionaries stood around graves with villagers, although unlike BLS/3 not posing for the camera.

Reference code: BLS/22

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d. Physical Condition: cracked

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states ‘Mr Hoyte of Belgian Congo - with Native, the last survivor of company who carried body of Livingston to the coast’.

Photograph of Dr. Julyan Hoyte in western clothes and pith helmet sat on a bench with an older African male also in western clothes.

Reference code: BLS/23

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Work in India’.

Photographic portrait of the sons of Anthony Norris Groves: Frank, George, Edward and Henry, head of Anthony superimposed The portrait is enclosed in an archway, surrounded by decoration of various botanical scenes. Headed ‘The Industrial effort of A.N. Groves and Sons’.

Reference code: BLS/24

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of the slide states: ‘Indian Festival. Car of Juggernaut’.

Photograph of a large crowd gathered outside a temple.

Reference code: BLS/25

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Flat Country Cashmere’.

Photograph of countryside with a river meandering through the fields.

Reference code: BLS/26

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Indian Widows’.

Typed label inside the slide : ‘Pathetic Young Indian Victims Of The Immemorial Scourge Of The East’.

Photograph of Indian women and children, sat in a semicircle on the ground, with plates, being served food by an Indian female.

Reference code: BLS/27

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘ Need’.

Map of India, with text describing how the outcasts of India's society need God, and the widows plight. Around the map of India are Anthony Norris Groves and Sir Arthur Cotton on the left and two African heads on the right, one with a painted face labelled ‘without Christ’, the other in western dress labelled ‘a trophy of Grace Saved to serve’. In the bottom right is a map of India illustrating the numerical strength of Christianity labelled ‘India Waiting for Christ for you!’

Reference code: BLS/28

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Hospitals and Sunday Schools’.

Split photograph. Top photograph are a number of Indians outside a building. The bottom photograph is of a large number of Indians, facing the camera.

Presumably an illustration of the work of missionaries building hospitals and attracting large numbers to Sunday Schools.

Reference code: BLS/29

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Indian Group’.

Scene consists of a large group of Indian people, sat in front of a small building without walls.

Reference code: BLS/30

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d. Physical Condition: cracked

Scope and Content

Typed label on the top edge states: ‘Portrait of Fred.S.’

Black and white portrait of Frederick Stanley Arnot.

Reference code: BLS/31

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Map of Route to Bagdad’.

Map of Europe with decorated scenes around the map. Top of map is titled ‘Route of A.N. Groves journey to Bagdad. June 12th to December 6th 1829’.

Reference code: BLS/32

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘A.N. GROVES. J.N. DARBY. J.G. BELLETT. J. PARNELL. DRAWING ROOM MEETINGS IN DUBLIN’.

Collage portraits of the four men. Underneath is a painting of the meetings in Dublin which are generally regarded as the founding meetings of the Plymouth Brethren.

Reference code: BLS/33

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Mount Arrarat’.

Photograph of the mountain which according to tradition was the resting place of Noah’s Ark.

Reference code: BLS/34

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘A Russian Carriage’.

Scene consists of a horse drawn carriage being driven by two bearded males in the front of the carriage. Three women are seated inside the carriage. There is a male in uniform standing alongside.

Reference code: BLS/35

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

A globe icon with text 'Go Ye Pioneer Preachers Worldwide on Apostolic Principles' followed by smaller text underneath: 'Make Disciples of ALL the Nations’, ‘The Command’, ‘Teaching them to observe ALL things'. It is bordered by a pink ribbon with a cross in one corner and a crown opposite.

Reference code: BLS/36

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Where is Baghdad, see circle’.

A map labelled 'South-Western Asia and adjacent regions', with Baghdad circled.

Reference code: BLS/37

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Difficulties and Results’.

Scene includes text: 'Call of the heroic at Baghdad A.N.Groves. 1829-33. Endure when there is every eternal reason not to endure!!! He endured ... seeing Him who is invisible. Difficult languages. Wife and Child died. Floods: 7000 houses swept away. Plague: Thousands died daily. Two thirds of population died. War Siege. (3 months). Famine. Known Spiritual Results. 2 Souls. One Armenian and His Son Henry Groves’.

Reference code: BLS/38

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘A Shop in Baghdad’.

Scene consists of a male sat in a doorway with objects laid out before him including a hammer and shoes. There are two other males in the scene and a child dressed in white.

Reference code: BLS/39

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘A street in Baghdad’.

Street scene with people walking down the centre. Reference code: BLS/40

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘G.Müller - House in Halle. Mr Wagner’.

The scene is split into three. First a photograph of George Müller with signature. The second part is a photograph of a property headed with the text 'It was the prayer meetings held in this house, which influenced the life of George Müller on a Saturday in 1825'.The third part is a portrait of J.V. Wagner, with the text: 'Mr Wagner of Halle. Who held the prayer meetings'. Reference code: BLS/41

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Orphan Homes - Ashley Down ’.

Collage of different buildings, pictures of children and a portrait of George Müller underneath. Also there is a small piece of text stating '1837. A Boys Gift'.

Reference code: BLS/42

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘The Late Henry Groves’.

Portrait of elderly gentleman labelled underneath ' Mr Henry Groves, Kendal, England'.

Henry Groves was the eldest son of Anthony Norris Groves.

Reference code: BLS/43

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Wm Sloan Went out 1876. Died 1911’.

Portrait labelled underneath 'Mr William Sloan, Faroe Islands'. Includes verse from hymn: ' Work to-day, and leave tomorrow; All around there's urgent need; All around there's sin and sorrow; Broadcast daily sow thy seed. God is faithful, He shall bless thy work indeed'.

Reference code: BLS/44

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d. Physical Condition: cracked

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Gilbertfield School and Arnot’.

Photograph of a building, with a portrait of a small boy by the side, and a circle picture of David Livingstone in the corner. The text underneath states: ‘Gilbertfield School Hamilton, Scotland, in which Fred S. Arnot as a boy of 6 years heard his first call to Africa from the lips of David Livingstone’.

Reference code: BLS/45

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘No 5’

Same slide as BLS/44, except underneath the text it states 'missionary helps, 13 Croxton Street, Liverpool. Photo P.Cards 1d, Coloured 3d'. Also slide is in black and white.

Reference code: BLS/46

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Sloan of Faroe 1876’.

A collage of maps of Iceland and Scandanavia, and portraits of men. One scene shows eleven men stood together, titled underneath: 'Young men of the assembly at Isafjord'.

Reference code: BLS/47

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Early Workers’.

Two couples photographed together. The women are sat down at the front, with their husbands stood behind them. Label typed inside slide states: 'Mr and Mrs McCrae India; Mr and Mrs Bowden India'.

Reference code: BLS/48

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Copenhagen’.

Inside label , only visible in the light states: ‘Street Scene (from a photograph)[word missing] is the Bouse’.

Scene shows a bridge leading over a river into a town with numerous buildings and spirals. A number of people and carriages walk along the bridge. Boats are present, stationary along the river harbour.

Reference code: BLS/49

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Typed label inside slide states: ‘St.Petersburg, view from the Exchange’.

Scene of St. Petersburg, with people in shot.

Reference code: BLS/50

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Exeter. A.N. Groves and E.Bickersteth’.

Photograph of a street in Exeter. Buildings line the streets. Two portraits have been added, underneath each a handwritten label states: 'A.N Groves; E. Bickersteth'.

Anthony Norris Groves was a prominent figure in the Brethren and a missionary to India. Edward Bickersteth was secretary of the Church Missionary Society.

Reference code: BLS/51

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘A Road in Russia’.

Photograph of a narrow road surrounded by trees. A horse stands pulling a cart with three figures in tow, and another horse.

Reference code: BLS/52

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘On the Bank of Tigris’.

Scene consists of a sandy bank, flanked by palm trees. A number of figures stand on the bank, including locals and children stood next to a brick structure.

Reference code: BLS/53

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Cotton Picking’.

People picking cotton and filling baskets in a cotton field.

Reference code: BLS/54

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Conditions in B.Guiana’.

Headed by a typed label inside the slide: ‘Negro family and hut, Jamaica’.

A photograph of 2 women, 1 male, and a younger male, sitting in front of a hut, backed by a tropical forest.

Reference code: BLS/55

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Count Guic- Prayer – Printing’.

Scenes from the life of Count Guicciardini. Split scene. The first consists of him at a printing press, inspecting an object. The second scene consists of him kneeling, at prayer in front of a table.

Reference code: BLS/56

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Rossetti’.

A photograph of a Teodorico Pietrocola Rossetti, underneath it states ‘T.P.Rossetti. Italian Christian, Patriot and Poet whose hymns and labours enriched the Italian churches’. At the top of the slide is a photograph of a group of men, labelled ‘Top row. Signots Baggio. Nicola, Gandini, Mora; second row, Signors Sortirana, Bentamino, Corlando, (T) Bianchi; seated Signors Gallo, Mantredini, Buraghi. Taliero.’

Also on the slide is a long verse in Italian.

Reference code: BLS/57

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘G. Muller and L. Strong’

A map of South America labelled ‘The Continent of Opportunity’. With a verse underneath: ‘Behold I have set before thee an open door and no man can shut it (Rev III 8)’. There is also an image of George Müller labeled ‘George Müller. Modern apostle of prayer, and philanthropist, the first of whose many timely gifts to the late Mr Leonard Strong, then of Demerara, in fellowship in the Gospel, led Mr Strong to continue to labour in that Colony in dependence upon God’.

There is also an image of Leonard Strong labelled ‘Leonard Strong, Pioneer Missionary, in 1827 gave up £800 year and manse, that he, depending on God alone, might, through His Holy Spirits guidance preach Christ to the natives of British Guiana’.

Reference code: BLS/58

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘R.C. Chapman and Hymns’.

Picture of Chapman labelled ‘Mr Robert C. Chapman, Barnstaple England’, framed by a collection of his hymns.

Reference code: BLS/59

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Teignmouth’.

Photograph of the coast and landscape, featuring two portraits, one of Teodorico Pietrocola Rossetti labelled ‘Rossetti: The Italian Christian Poet’; the second ‘Count Guicciardini’.

Reference code: BLS/60

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Entrance to a cave.

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Cave where Christians met 1887 - 1889.’

Reference code: BLS/61

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘The Prison. Florence. (Bargello).

Photograph identified as the Bargello Palace in Florence, which was a prison and police headquarters until 1859.

In fact the image is of the Palazzo Vecchio in the Piazza Della Signoria, Florence.

Reference code: BLS/62

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Bible Study and School’.

Top half of the slide is a photograph of a number of children labelled ‘Sunday - School Children, Florence’. Bottom half of the slide is a drawn period scene of a number of men wearing armour and elite dress. They are sat around a table, listening intently to a man reading a Bible.

Reference code: BLS/63

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Dr Baedeker. 1823-1906’.

The scene is labelled at the top ‘Dr Baedeker and Mr Broadbent whose Apostolic Ministry in Russia, Siberia and The Near East God has so richly blessed’. Under this is a map of Europe, with a key labelled ‘enclaves’. The key includes ‘Tatar’, ‘Mordvinian’, and ‘German’. Alongside the map are two black and white photographs of Frederick W. Baedeker and E.H. Boadbent, the larger of which has Baedeker consulting a Bible.

Reference code: BLS/64

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Florence’.

A scene of the cityscape of Florence, with buildings in the forefront, and the hills in the background.

Reference code: BLS/65

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Northern Italy’.

Central to the slide is a map of Italy, this is surrounded by a number of scenes labelled ‘A Spiritual Awakening in Modern Italy’. The first scene is of a volcanic eruption; the second of a boat in front of a building; the third, a photograph of ‘Count Guicciardin’; the fourth a drawing of two men and two women praying in front of a stone figure; the fifth, of a man walking through a forest titled ‘Italian Evangelist exiled on account of his faith’; the sixth of a boat on a canal, between buildings [possibly Venice].

Reference code: BLS/66

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: Russian Prisoners off to Siberia.

The top of the slide headed ‘On the way to Siberia’ is a drawing of a number of men and women being escorted on the road by guards, on foot and horseback. The lower scene is of prisoners in a camp.

Reference code: BLS/67

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Visit of a Priest’.

Photograph of a man in black and white hooded robes (presumably the priest) sat at a table that is ladened with food and drink. He is having a conversation with a man in European dress, holding a hare by its hind legs. By the side, is a woman standing in traditional European dress, holding up what looks to be a knife. The photograph is set in a courtyard.

Reference code: BLS/68

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘A Spanish family’.

Coloured photograph of children stood around a woman, sat in a chair, holding a book open. The scene is set outside in a garden. One child is knelt in front of the chair, studying the open book. This is set in front of a whitewash house with a red tiled roof.

Reference code: BLS/69

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘A Country Inn’.

Three seated men in hats sat in a pebbled courtyard, around a stool. The stool is covered in a white cloth, that has an apple placed on it, with a number of knives. One man is reaching for a knife, while the other two men look on. This is set in front of a whitewashed building.

Reference code: BLS/70

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘A Religious Procession’.

Photograph of a statue of Christ carrying his crucifix mounted on a transportable stand in the street. A man and a boy feature in the forefront of the photograph.

Reference code: BLS/71

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Not Labelled

A graph labelled ‘Table showing number of labourers and contributions through “Echoes of Service” .’ To the left of the slide is photographs of three mens heads labelled ‘Dr. J.L. Maclean’; ‘Henry Groves’; and ‘Henry Dyer’.

Groves and Maclean produced The Missionary Echo in 1882 to report on the activities of Brethren missionaries in the field. This became Echoes of Service in 1885. Dyer was a prominent missionary travelling widely and contributing to the magazine.

Reference code: BLS/72

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d. Physical Condition: Cracked

Scope and Content

Not labelled.

Photograph of a man, woman and child in pith helmets. In the background are huts with grass roofs. The location is possibly Africa.

Reference code: BLS/73

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Not labelled.

Verse from John 4:35; Matthew 9:37-38; Mathew 10:8; Mark 16:15. Text states ‘Look - Pray - Give - Go; Orizaba, Mexico'.

Reference code: BLS/74

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Not labelled.

Verse titled: ‘The Master Calleth for Thee’, with a photograph of a leaflet of a number of missionaries and others including Luther and John Bunyan titled 'Missionary Acorns From Which Great Oaks Have Grown'.

The text of a hymn by Horatious Bonar beginning ‘Go labour on: spend and be spent’ is printed alongside.

Reference code: BLS/75

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘The Neglected Continent’.

Map of South America, with text : ‘Shall it be the Continent of Neglected Opportunity?’ At each side is text. On one side: ‘Only one protestant Christian in every 918 of the population’. On the other: ‘What is the urgent and vital need of South America? The Word of God’.

Reference code: BLS/76

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Crossing the North Sea in Yacht’.

Drawing of a ship with white sails, in violent seas.

Reference code: BLS/77

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘J. Parnell (Lord Congleton), First meeting place, Dublin’.

A picture of Parnell set onto a map of Ireland with the text: ‘Fellowship embracing all saints, excluding the world. The word of God, the supreme guide. The second coming of the Lord Jesus’. Also there is a photograph of a building accompanied with the text: ‘The First Public Meeting of a Brethren's Assembly For Breaking of Bread Was Held In This Building’. In the bottom right under the building, is the text: ‘Aungier St Dublin hired by Mr Parnell (Lord Congleton) in 1830 for the purpose’.

Reference code: BLS/78

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘The Sacred Bull of Siva’.

Bull monument of stone, surrounded by two native men. The slide is presumably drawing attention to Hindu gods.

Reference code: BLS/79

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘T. Heelis, Early Worker’.

Portrait of labelled underneath: ‘Mr Thomas Heelis, India’. Heelas served in India for 55 years, arriving in 1855.

Reference code: BLS/80

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘An Errand of Mercy. Lady Missionary Work among Women’.

A woman missionary crawling out of a small straw hut, a woman in native dress sits outside. Outside of the hut are a number of objects including two red bowls and a handbag. Perched on the side of the hut is a parasol, the handle tucked onto the frame.

Reference code: BLS/81

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Rymer and Muller’.

A map of British Guiana with the photographic heads of John Rymer and George Müller. Underneath the map is a photograph of a number of men, with the text: ‘A Group of Workers’ and ‘Overnight Brethren of River Assembly’.

Reference code: BLS/82

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘The Languages’.

A map of India surrounded by snippets of foreign text, headed: ‘The Gospel in some of India's Languages’.

Reference code: BLS/83

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘W M Carey. 1971 to India, Died 1834’.

A painting of Carey seated writing in a book, accompanied with the text: ‘William Carey in India, aged 60’. Carey was a Baptist missionary, one of the founders of the Baptist Missionary Society.

Reference code: BLS/84

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Spain’.

Number of maps, drawings and photographs depicted with the text: ‘The Gospel in Spain’. Photograph of R.C. Chapman labelled ‘R.C. Chapman with some of the workers for whom he prayed 80 years ago’. Montage of images including individual and group photographs.

Reference code: BLS/85

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Count G and J. Anderson’.

Photograph portraits with the text: ‘Count Guicciardini. A noble Italian Count’; and: ‘Mr J.S. Anderson, Florence, Italy’. Anderson was a Scottish missionary stationed in Italy.

Reference code: BLS/86

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘E. Harris - Orizaba 1891’.

Text stating: ‘Gospel in Mexico, Central and South America. El Sembrador’, surrounding this is a montage of photographs, and a map of Mexico. Eglan Harris commenced his work in Mexico in 1891.

Reference code: BLS/87

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Malay Pioneers and Workers’.

Group photograph posed in front of a large house. Superimposed are photographs of three individuals : Tom Baird, E.F. Marks and Alexander Grant.

Reference code: BLS/88

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d. Physical Condition: Cracked in right corner

Scope and Content

Not Labelled.

Portraits of several men with names underneath including: 1. Peter Hynd; 2. William Shaw; 3. Alex Marshall; 4. Peter Hynd of Dreghorn; 5. William Lindsay; 6. John Ritchie; 7. Alexander Stewart.

Reference code: BLS/89

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Handwritten label on the front of slide states: ‘Isolabella on Amazon, Allen Smith, 1930’.

Photograph of a white boat named the ‘Isola Bella’, tethered on the riverside.

Reference code: BLS/90

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Typed label inside slide states: ‘3. Throw out the life-line’.

Photograph of waves crashing against a rocky shoreline, with the verse: ‘Throw out the life-line to danger-fraught men, Sinking in anguish where you've never been; Winds of temptation and billows of woe; Will soon hurl them out where the dark waters flow’. The words are from a hymn by Edwin S. Ufford.

Reference code: BLS/91

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d. Physical Condition: Small crack in right corner

Scope and Content

Typed label inside slide states: ‘Chorus - Throw out the life-line’.

Scene of waves against a coast line with verse: ‘Throw out the Life-Line! Throw out the Life-Line! Someone is drifting away: Throw out the Life-Line! Throw out the Life-Line! Someone is sinking today’.

Reference code: BLS/92

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Typed label inside slide states: ‘4. Throw out the life-line’.

Waves crashing on a beach with the verse text : ‘4 Soon will the season of rescue be o'er, Soon will they drift to eternity's shore: Haste then, my brother; no time for delay, But throw out the Life-line, and save them to-day!’

Reference code: BLS/93

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Typed label inside slide states: ‘1. Throw out the life-line’.

Same as BLS/92, but with verse: ‘Throw out the Life-Line across the dark wave, There is a brother whom someone should save, Somebody's' brother! oh, who then will dare, To throw out the life-line, his peril to share?’

Reference code: BLS/94

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Typed label inside slide states: ‘Throw out the life-line’.

Waves crashing against the beach, with a lighthouse in the background and a ship. The text above is the verse: ‘2. Throw out the Life-Line with hand quick and strong; Why do you tarry, my brother, so long? See - he is sinking; oh hasten to-day- And out the Life- Boat; away then, away!’

Reference code: BLS/95

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Typed label inside slide states: ‘There’s a call comes ringing’.

Small buildings on a rocky outcrop with the verse: ‘May the grace of Jesus unto all abound, Send the light, send the light! ... And a Christlike spirit everywhere be found, light! ... Send the light ... send the’. The words are from a hymn by Charles H. Gabriel.

Reference code: BLS/96

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Typed label inside slide states: ‘2. There's a call comes ringing’.

Photograph of clouds with verse: ‘We have heard the Macedonian call to-day, Send the light, send the, And out of grateful offerings at the cross we lay, light, Send the light, send the’.

Reference code: BLS/97

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Typed label inside slide states: ‘Chorus: There's a call comes ringing’.

Photograph of clouds with verse: ‘Send the light, ... the blessed gospel light! Let it shine ... from shore to shore! Send the light, the blessed gospel light! Let it shine ... for evermore!’

Reference code: BLS/98

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Typed label inside slide states: ‘1. There's a call comes ringing’.

Photograph of a boat with many westerners on deck and the verse: ‘There's a call comes ringing o'er the restless wave, light!...Send the light, send the, There are sails to rescue, there are souls to save, light! Send the light, send the’.

Reference code: BLS/99

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Typed label inside slide states: ‘The Slave Gang’.

Image of captured slaves, with a village in the background on fire.

This slide is from a set of slides on ‘The Life and Work of David Livingstone’ produced by the London Missionary Society around 1900.

Reference code: BLS/100

Lantern Slide

Dates of creation: n.d.

Scope and Content

Hand written label inside slide states: ‘Preaching from a wagon to the Makol’.

Image of David Livingstone preaching from the back of a wagon to onlookers in an African village.

This slide is from a set of slides on ‘The Life and Work of David Livingstone’ produced by the London Missionary Society around 1900.

Creation: Finding aid encoded in EAD 2002 by Carly Morel using Oxygen XML Editor v.9.0 November 2009. Photographer James W. Robinson.. Photographs added by Graham Johnson March 2017. Descriptive Rules: Finding aid compiled according to JRUL's Guide to the listing of archives (3rd edition, 2004), which is based on the General International Standard Archival Description (ISAD(G)), second edition.