Structure and Function of a Compound Eye, More Than Half a Billion Years Old
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001-012 Primeras Páginas
PUBLICACIONES DEL INSTITUTO GEOLÓGICO Y MINERO DE ESPAÑA Serie: CUADERNOS DEL MUSEO GEOMINERO. Nº 9 ADVANCES IN TRILOBITE RESEARCH ADVANCES IN TRILOBITE RESEARCH IN ADVANCES ADVANCES IN TRILOBITE RESEARCH IN ADVANCES planeta tierra Editors: I. Rábano, R. Gozalo and Ciencias de la Tierra para la Sociedad D. García-Bellido 9 788478 407590 MINISTERIO MINISTERIO DE CIENCIA DE CIENCIA E INNOVACIÓN E INNOVACIÓN ADVANCES IN TRILOBITE RESEARCH Editors: I. Rábano, R. Gozalo and D. García-Bellido Instituto Geológico y Minero de España Madrid, 2008 Serie: CUADERNOS DEL MUSEO GEOMINERO, Nº 9 INTERNATIONAL TRILOBITE CONFERENCE (4. 2008. Toledo) Advances in trilobite research: Fourth International Trilobite Conference, Toledo, June,16-24, 2008 / I. Rábano, R. Gozalo and D. García-Bellido, eds.- Madrid: Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, 2008. 448 pgs; ils; 24 cm .- (Cuadernos del Museo Geominero; 9) ISBN 978-84-7840-759-0 1. Fauna trilobites. 2. Congreso. I. Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, ed. II. Rábano,I., ed. III Gozalo, R., ed. IV. García-Bellido, D., ed. 562 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system now known or to be invented, without permission in writing from the publisher. References to this volume: It is suggested that either of the following alternatives should be used for future bibliographic references to the whole or part of this volume: Rábano, I., Gozalo, R. and García-Bellido, D. (eds.) 2008. Advances in trilobite research. Cuadernos del Museo Geominero, 9. -
Phylogenetic Analysis of the Olenellina Walcott, 1890 (Trilobita, Cambrian) Bruce S
2 j&o I J. Paleont., 75(1), 2001, pp. 96-115 Copyright © 2001, The Paleontological Society 0022-3360/01 /0075-96$03.00 PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE OLENELLINA WALCOTT, 1890 (TRILOBITA, CAMBRIAN) BRUCE S. LIEBERMAN Departments of Geology and Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lindley Hall, Lawrence 66045, <[email protected]> ABSTRACT—Phylogenetic analysis was used to evaluate evolutionary relationships within the Cambrian suborder Olenellina Walcott, 1890; special emphasis was placed on those taxa outside of the Olenelloidea. Fifty-seven exoskeletal characters were coded for 24 taxa within the Olenellina and two outgroups referable to the "fallotaspidoid" grade. The Olenelloidea, along with the genus Gabriellus Fritz, 1992, are the sister group of the Judomioidea Repina, 1979. The "Nevadioidea" Hupe, 1953 are a paraphyletic grade group. Four new genera are recognized, Plesionevadia, Cambroinyoella, Callavalonia, and Sdzuyomia, and three new species are described, Nevadia fritzi, Cirquella nelsoni, and Cambroinyoella wallacei. Phylogenetic parsimony analysis is also used to make predictions about the ancestral morphology of the Olenellina. This morphology most resembles the morphology found in Plesionevadia and Pseudoju- domia Egorova in Goryanskii and Egorova, 1964. INTRODUCTION group including the "fallotaspidoids" plus the Redlichiina, and HE ANALYSIS of evolutionary patterns during the Early Cam- potentially all other trilobites. Where the Agnostida fit within this T brian has relevance to paleontologists and evolutionary bi- evolutionary topology depends on whether or not one accepts the ologists for several reasons. Chief among these are expanding our arguments of either Fortey and Whittington (1989), Fortey (1990), knowledge of evolutionary mechanisms and topologies. Regard- and Fortey and Theron (1994) or Ramskold and Edgecombe ing evolutionary mechanisms, because the Cambrian radiation (1991). -
Palaeoecology of the Early Cambrian Sinsk Biota from the Siberian Platform
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 220 (2005) 69–88 www.elsevier.com/locate/palaeo Palaeoecology of the Early Cambrian Sinsk biota from the Siberian Platform Andrey Yu. Ivantsova, Andrey Yu. Zhuravlevb,T, Anton V. Legutaa, Valentin A. Krassilova, Lyudmila M. Melnikovaa, Galina T. Ushatinskayaa aPalaeontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Profsoyuznaya 123, Moscow 117997, Russia bA´rea y Museo de Paleontologı´a, faculdad de Ciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, C/ Pedro Cerbuna, 12, E-50009, Zaragoza, Spain Received 1 February 2002; accepted 15 January 2004 Abstract The Sinsk biota (Early Cambrian, Botoman Stage, Siberian Platform) inhabited an open-marine basin within the photic zone, but in oxygen-depleted bottom waters. Its rapid burial in a fine-grained sediment under anoxic conditions led to the formation of one of the earliest Cambrian Lagerst7tte. All the organisms of the biota were adapted to a life under dysaerobic conditions. It seems possible that the adaptations of many Cambrian organisms, which composed the trophic nucleus of the Sinsk Algal Lens palaeocommunity to low oxygen tensions allowed them to diversify in the earliest Palaeozoic, especially during the Cambrian. Nowadays these groups comprise only a negligible part of communities and usually survive in settings with low levels of competition. Nonetheless, the organization of the Algal Lens palaeocommunity was not simple, it consisted of diverse trophic guilds. The tiering among sessile filter-feeders was well developed with the upper tier at the 50 cm level. In terms of individuals, the community was dominated by sessile filter-feeders, vagrant detritophages, and diverse carnivores/scavengers. The same groups, but in slightly different order, comprised the bulk of the biovolume: vagrant epifaunal and nektobenthic carnivores/ scavengers, sessile filter-feeders, and vagrant detritophages. -
Progressive Palaeontology 2020 Abstract Booklet
Progressive Palaeontology 2020 Abstract Booklet Contents [These have been linked, click a title to skip to that location in the document] Timetable 3 Meet the Committee 4 Accessing the conference materials 5 Careers Panel 6 Quiz 7 Discord 8 Delegate expectations 9 Contact the Committee 9 Abstracts: Full talks 10 Abstracts: Lightning talks 23 Abstracts: Posters 36 2 Timetable Thursday 11th June Content launch 2am PDT / 5am EDT / 10am BST / 5pm HKT Tea break 1 3am PDT / 6am EDT / 11am BST / 6pm HKT (30 mins) Discord Careers Panel 6am PDT / 9am EDT / 2pm BST / 9pm HKT (90 mins) Zoom Presenter Q&A 1 11am PDT / 2pm EDT / 7pm BST / 2am HKT (60 mins) Discord Friday 12th June Presenter Q&A 2 3am PDT / 6am EDT / 11am BST / 6pm HKT (60 mins) Discord Workshop drop-in 6am PDT / 9am EDT / 2pm BST / 9pm HKT (90 mins) Zoom Tea break 2 8am PDT / 11am EDT / 4pm BST / 11pm HKT (30 mins) Discord Quiz 11am PDT / 2pm EDT / 7pm BST / 2am HKT (120 mins) Zoom Saturday 13th June Tea break 3 3am PDT / 6am EDT / 11am BST / 6pm HKT (30 mins) Discord Presenter Q&A 3 6am PDT / 9am EDT / 2pm BST / 9pm HKT (60 mins) Discord Tea break 4 8am PDT / 11am EDT / 4pm BST / 11pm HKT (30 mins) Discord 3 Meet the Committee The ProgPal 2020 Committee are all students at the University of Leeds, in Yorkshire, UK, and have all been involved in the work of Palaeo@Leeds research group. Bethany Allen - Final year PhD Fearless leader and avid baker @bethany_j_allen Owain Fletcher Williams MGeol Geological Sciences (2nd year) Always found in a mosh pit Adam Woodhouse - Final year PhD -
PHYLOGENY and DISTRIBUTION by LARS E
[Papers in Palaeontology, 2019, pp. 1–17] CAMBRIAN RHYNCHONELLIFORM NISUSIOID BRACHIOPODS: PHYLOGENY AND DISTRIBUTION by LARS E. HOLMER1,2 , MOHAMMAD-REZA KEBRIA-EE ZADEH3, LEONID E. POPOV4, MANSOUREH GHOBADI POUR2,4,5,J.JAVIERALVARO 6, VACHIK HAIRAPETIAN7 and ZHIFEI ZHANG1 1Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Early Life & Environments, State Key Laboratory for Continental Dynamics, Northwest University, Xi’an, 710069, China 2Department of Earth Sciences, Palaeobiology, SE-752 36, Uppsala, Sweden; [email protected] 3Department of Geology, Payame Noor University, Semnan, Iran; [email protected] 4Department of Earth Sciences, National Museum of Wales, Cathays Park, Cardiff, CF10 3NP, UK; [email protected] 5Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, Golestan University, Gorgan, 49138-15739, Iran; [email protected] 6Instituto de Geociencias (CSIC-UCM), Dr. Severo Ochoa 7, Madrid, 28040, Spain; [email protected] 7Department of Geology, Khorasgan (Isfahan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, PO Box 81595-158, Isfahan, Iran; [email protected] Typescript received 18 July 2018; accepted in revised form 6 November 2018 Abstract: A comprehensive review and phylogenetic analy- an early separation of the lineages of spinose and non-spi- sis of genera and species presently assigned to the rhyn- nose nisusiids. The non-spinose nisusiids probably evolved chonelliform superfamily Nisusioidea and family Nisusiidae in Laurentia by the end of Cambrian Series 4. The new suggests that this short-lived but important group of bra- nisusiid genus Bellistrophia is described. The new species chiopods first appeared in peri-Gondwana during the second Nisusia multicostata represents the first documented rhyn- half of the Cambrian Series 2, before going extinct by the chonelliform (kutorginide) brachiopod from the Miaolingian end of Drumian times. -
Arthropod Pattern Theory and Cambrian Trilobites
Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 64 (4) 193-213 (1995) SPB Academie Publishing bv, The Hague Arthropod pattern theory and Cambrian trilobites Frederick A. Sundberg Research Associate, Invertebrate Paleontology Section, Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90007, USA Keywords: Arthropod pattern theory, Cambrian, trilobites, segment distributions 4 Abstract ou 6). La limite thorax/pygidium se trouve généralementau niveau du node 2 (duplomères 11—13) et du node 3 (duplomères les les 18—20) pour Corynexochides et respectivement pour Pty- An analysis of duplomere (= segment) distribution within the chopariides.Cette limite se trouve dans le champ 4 (duplomères cephalon,thorax, and pygidium of Cambrian trilobites was un- 21—n) dans le cas des Olenellides et des Redlichiides. L’extrémité dertaken to determine if the Arthropod Pattern Theory (APT) du corps se trouve généralementau niveau du node 3 chez les proposed by Schram & Emerson (1991) applies to Cambrian Corynexochides, et au niveau du champ 4 chez les Olenellides, trilobites. The boundary of the cephalon/thorax occurs within les Redlichiides et les Ptychopariides. D’autre part, les épines 1 4 the predicted duplomerenode (duplomeres or 6). The bound- macropleurales, qui pourraient indiquer l’emplacement des ary between the thorax and pygidium generally occurs within gonopores ou de l’anus, sont généralementsituées au niveau des node 2 (duplomeres 11—13) and node 3 (duplomeres 18—20) for duplomères pronostiqués. La limite prothorax/opisthothorax corynexochids and ptychopariids, respectively. This boundary des Olenellides est située dans le node 3 ou près de celui-ci. Ces occurs within field 4 (duplomeres21—n) for olenellids and red- résultats indiquent que nombre et distribution des duplomères lichiids. -
Sexual Dimorphism and Sexual Selection in Cytheroidean Ostracodes from the Late Cretaceous of the U.S. Coastal Plain
Paleobiology, page 1 of 22 DOI: 10.1017/pab.2017.19 Sexual dimorphism and sexual selection in cytheroidean ostracodes from the Late Cretaceous of the U.S. Coastal Plain Gene Hunt, M. João Fernandes Martins, T. Markham Puckett, Rowan Lockwood, John P. Swaddle, Christine M. S. Hall, and James Stedman Abstract.—Sexual dimorphism is common in many extant animals, but it is difficult to demonstrate in fossil species. Working with material from the Late Cretaceous of the U.S. Coastal Plain, we herein analyze sexual dimorphism in ostracodes from the superfamily Cytheroidea, a group whose extant members have males that are relatively more elongate than females. We digitized outlines of more than 6000 individual ostracode valves or carapaces, extracted size (area) and shape (length-to-height ratio) information, and used finite mixture models to assess hypotheses of sexual dimorphism. Male and female clusters can be discerned in nearly all populations with sufficient data, resulting in estimates of size and shape dimorphism for 142 populations across 106 species; an additional nine samples are interpreted to consist only of females. Dimorphism patterns varied across taxa, especially for body size: males range from 30% larger to 20% smaller than females. Magnitudes of sexual dimorphism are generally stable within species across time and space; we can demonstrate substantial evolutionary changes in dimorphism in only one species, Haplocytheridea renfroensis. Several lines of evidence indicate that patterns of sexual dimorphism in these ostracodes reflect male investment in reproduction, suggesting that this study system has the potential to capture variation in sexual selection through the fossil record. -
Tentative Correlation of Cambrian Series 2 Between South China and Other Continents
Tentative correlation of Cambrian Series 2 between South China and other continents JINLIANG YUAN, XUEJIAN ZHU, JIHPAI LIN & MAOYAN ZHU The apparent absence, in Cambrian Series 2, of widespread and rapidly evolving organisms comparable to the later agnostids, graptolites, conodonts, ammonites, or planktonic foraminifers, has prevented a consistent intercontinental biostratigraphy. Occasional genera, and (rarely) species, of trilobites, archaeocyathans and other groups may be found in more than one region. Nevertheless, based on the complete trilobite and archaeocyathan successions in the shallow water Yangtze Platform and in deeper water Jiangnan Slope environment, correlation of Cambrian Series 2 between South China and other continents is discussed in detail. The oldest trilobite Parabadiella and Tsunyidiscus in South China can be correlated with the oldest trilobite Abadiella in Australia, Profallotapis in Siberia and Eofallotaspis in Morocco. • Key words: Cambrian Series 2, correlation, South China, other continents. YUAN, J.L., ZHU, X.J., LIN,J.P.&ZHU, M.Y. 2011. Tentative correlation of Cambrian Series 2 between South China and other continents. Bulletin of Geosciences 86(3), 397–404 (2 tables). Czech Geological Survey. Prague, ISSN 1214-1119. Manuscript received December 17, 2010; accepted in revised form July 1, 2011; published online Septem- ber 22, 2011; issued September 30, 2011. Jinliang Yuan, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; [email protected] • Xuejian Zhu, Jihpai Lin & Maoyan Zhu, State Key Laboratory of Palaeontology and Stratigra- phy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China International correlation of Cambrian Series 2 has been a nomenclature lead to paucity of biostratigraphically useful major problem since the concept of four series within the data in key regions (Palmer 1998, Geyer 2001). -
Th TRILO the Back to the Past Museum Guide to TRILO BITES
With regard to human interest in fossils, trilobites may rank second only to dinosaurs. Having studied trilobites most of my life, the English version of The Back to the Past Museum Guide to TRILOBITES by Enrico Bonino and Carlo Kier is a pleasant treat. I am captivated by the abundant color images of more than 600 diverse species of trilobites, mostly from the authors’ own collections. Carlo Kier The Back to the Past Museum Guide to Specimens amply represent famous trilobite localities around the world and typify forms from most of the Enrico Bonino Enrico 250-million-year history of trilobites. Numerous specimens are masterpieces of modern professional preparation. Richard A. Robison Professor Emeritus University of Kansas TRILOBITES Enrico Bonino was born in the Province of Bergamo in 1966 and received his degree in Geology from the Depart- ment of Earth Sciences at the University of Genoa. He currently lives in Belgium where he works as a cartographer specialized in the use of satellite imaging and geographic information systems (GIS). His proficiency in the use of digital-image processing, a healthy dose of artistic talent, and a good knowledge of desktop publishing software have provided him with the skills he needed to create graphics, including dozens of posters and illustrations, for all of the displays at the Back to the Past Museum in Cancún. In addition to his passion for trilobites, Enrico is particularly inter- TRILOBITES ested in the life forms that developed during the Precambrian. Carlo Kier was born in Milan in 1961. He holds a degree in law and is currently the director of the Azul Hotel chain. -
An Inventory of Trilobites from National Park Service Areas
Sullivan, R.M. and Lucas, S.G., eds., 2016, Fossil Record 5. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 74. 179 AN INVENTORY OF TRILOBITES FROM NATIONAL PARK SERVICE AREAS MEGAN R. NORR¹, VINCENT L. SANTUCCI1 and JUSTIN S. TWEET2 1National Park Service. 1201 Eye Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20005; -email: [email protected]; 2Tweet Paleo-Consulting. 9149 79th St. S. Cottage Grove. MN 55016; Abstract—Trilobites represent an extinct group of Paleozoic marine invertebrate fossils that have great scientific interest and public appeal. Trilobites exhibit wide taxonomic diversity and are contained within nine orders of the Class Trilobita. A wealth of scientific literature exists regarding trilobites, their morphology, biostratigraphy, indicators of paleoenvironments, behavior, and other research themes. An inventory of National Park Service areas reveals that fossilized remains of trilobites are documented from within at least 33 NPS units, including Death Valley National Park, Grand Canyon National Park, Yellowstone National Park, and Yukon-Charley Rivers National Preserve. More than 120 trilobite hototype specimens are known from National Park Service areas. INTRODUCTION Of the 262 National Park Service areas identified with paleontological resources, 33 of those units have documented trilobite fossils (Fig. 1). More than 120 holotype specimens of trilobites have been found within National Park Service (NPS) units. Once thriving during the Paleozoic Era (between ~520 and 250 million years ago) and becoming extinct at the end of the Permian Period, trilobites were prone to fossilization due to their hard exoskeletons and the sedimentary marine environments they inhabited. While parks such as Death Valley National Park and Yukon-Charley Rivers National Preserve have reported a great abundance of fossilized trilobites, many other national parks also contain a diverse trilobite fauna. -
Burgess Shale−Type Biotas Were Not Entirely Burrowed Away
Downloaded from geology.gsapubs.org on September 25, 2015 Burgess shale−type biotas were not entirely burrowed away Robert R. Gaines1, Mary L. Droser2, Patrick J. Orr3, Daniel Garson2, Emma Hammarlund4,5, Changshi Qi6, and Donald E. Canfi eld4 1Geology Department, Pomona College, 185 E. Sixth Street, Claremont, California 91711, USA 2Department of Earth Sciences, University of California−Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA 3UCD School of Geological Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland 4Nordic Center for Earth Evolution, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark 5Department of Palaeozoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden 6Yunnan Key Laboratory for Palaeobiology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China ABSTRACT tion, a deepened redox boundary in sediment pore waters (e.g., Thayer, Burgess Shale−type biotas occur globally in the Cambrian record 1983; Ziebis et al., 1996), and increased sulfate availability in the global and offer unparalleled insight into the Cambrian explosion, the initial ocean (Canfi eld and Farquhar, 2009), all of which would affect the preser- Phanerozoic radiation of the Metazoa. Deposits bearing exception- vation potential of labile tissues. ally preserved soft-bodied fossils are unusually common in Cambrian An increase in depth of bioturbation and intensity of sediment mix- strata; more than 40 are now known. The well-documented decline of ing accompanying the expansion of the infaunal habitat through the early soft-bodied preservation following the Middle Cambrian represents Paleozoic is well documented in carbonate platform settings (Ausich and the closure of a taphonomic window that was only intermittently Bottjer, 1982; Droser and Bottjer, 1988, 1989). In muddy settings, sedi- open in marine environments thereafter. -
Field Trip: Palaeozoic Echinoderms from Northern Spain
FIELD TRIP: PALAEOZOIC ECHINODERMS FROM NORTHERN SPAIN S. Zamora & I. Rábano (eds.), Progress in Echinoderm Palaeobiology. Cuadernos del Museo Geominero, 19. Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Madrid. ISBN: 978-84-7840-961-7 © Instituto Geológico y Minero de España 2015 FIELD TRIP: PALAEOZOIC ECHINODERMS FROM NORTHERN SPAIN Samuel Zamora 1 (coord.) José Javier Álvaro 2, Miguel Arbizu 3, Jorge Colmenar 4, Jorge Esteve 2, Esperanza Fernández-Martínez 5, Luis Pedro Fernández 3, Juan Carlos Gutiérrez-Marco 2, Juan Luis Suárez Andrés 6, Enrique Villas 4 and Johnny Waters 7 1 Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Manuel Lasala 44 9ºB, 50006 Zaragoza, Spain. [email protected] 2 Instituto de Geociencias (CSIC-UCM), José Antonio Novais 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain. [email protected], jcgrapto@ ucm.es, [email protected] 3 Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Oviedo, Jesús Arias de Velasco s/n, 33005 Oviedo, Spain. [email protected], [email protected] 4Área de Paleontología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain. [email protected], [email protected] 5 Facultad de Biología y Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad de León, Campus of Vegazana, 24071 León, Spain. [email protected] 6 Soningeo, S.L. PCTCAN, Isabel Torres, 9 P20. 39011 Santander, Cantabria, Spain. [email protected] 7 Department of Geology, Appalachian State University, ASU Box 32067, Boone, NC 28608-2067, USA. [email protected] Keywords: Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, echinoderms, environments, evolution. INTRODUCTION Samuel Zamora Spain contains some of the most extensive and fossiliferous Palaeozoic outcrops in Europe , including echinoderm faunas that are internationally significant in terms of systematics, palaeoecology and palaeobiogeography.