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Workflow Management in Webbasierten Content Diplomarbeit Von Christian Meixner Matrikel-Nr: 22676 Untersuchen von internetbasierten Videostreamingverfahren und -techniken auf Verwendbarkeit für regionale Fernsehkanäle Betreuung: Prof. Dr. Maximilian Eibl, Technische Universität Chemnitz Dipl.-Inf. Karsten Hilbert, Technische Universität Chemnitz Chemnitz, den 02.07.2007 Fakultät für Informatik Professur Medieninformatik Technische Universität Chemnitz, www.tu-chemnitz.de/informatik Meixner, Christian [email protected] Untersuchen von internetbasierten Videostreamingverfahren und -techniken auf Ver- wendbarkeit für regionale Fernsehkanäle Diplomarbeit, Fakultät für Informatik Technische Universität Chemnitz, Juli 2007 Kurzfassung Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Diplomarbeit werden browserbasierte Videoüber- tragungslösungen bezüglich ihrer Verwendbarkeit zur Übertragung des Fernseh- programms regionaler Fernsehsender auf das Medium Internet untersucht, mit dem Ziel eine Prototypanwendung auf Basis der gemäß den Anforderungen der Regionalsender am besten geeigneten Technik zu implementieren. Grundlage der Untersuchung bildet eine Gegenüberstellung der am Markt be- findlichen Videosysteme mit Webbrowserunterstützung QuickTime, RealVideo, Windows Media, Adobe Flash und Java. Die Systeme werden bezüglich ihres Leistungsumfangs, der Flexibilität ihrer Einsatzmöglichkeiten, der Qualität der zugrundeliegenden Videocodecs und ihrer Verbreitung im Internet verglichen. Anhand der gemeinsam mit den Regionalsendern KabelJournal und Sachsenfern- sehen ermittelten Anforderungen an ein Videosystem zur Übertragung ihres Pro- gramms im Internet, erweist sich Adobe Flash Video durch seine hohe Verbrei- tung, seine flexiblen Einsatzmöglichkeiten und seiner Unterstützung von Be- wegtbild-, Standbild- und interaktiven Animationsmedien als am besten geeig- net. Die im Rahmen dieser Arbeit erstellte Implementierung einer Web-TV Anwen- dung auf Basis von Adobe Flash zeigt bei der Ermittlung von konkreten Einsatz- szenarien bei den Sendern KabelJournal und Sachsenfernsehen, dass durch die multimediale Auslegung, die flexiblen Medienkombinationsmöglichkeiten und die offene XML-Schnittstelle mehr als eine bloße Portierung des TV-Programms ins Internet mit gleichzeitig geringem Aufwand möglich ist. Die Web-TV An- wendung ist eine einfach einsetzbare aber höchst vielseitige Möglichkeit für Re- gionalsender neue Märkte zu erschließen. -II- Abstract Within the present diploma thesis, established web browser based video solu- tions are examined for their use as internet broadcasting system for local TV sta- tions, with the intention of implementing a broadcasting solution based on the technique matching the requirements of local TV stations best. Basis of this examination is the comparison of the web video solutions Quick- Time, RealVideo, Windows Media, Adobe Flash and Java. These systems are compared by their multimedia support, flexibility of use, quality of the video co- decs they use and their market penetration. On the basis of the requirements of local TV stations, determined together with KabelJournal and Sachsenfernsehen, adobe flash is the most satisfying solution to build a Web TV application upon. Its market penetration, flexibility of use and its support for still images, videos and interactive animations match those require- ments best. The implementation of the Web TV application based on adobe flash proofs its great flexibility, ease of use and its diverse variations in combining different me- dia, at the determination of concrete use cases together with KabelJournal and Sachsenfernsehen. It shows that this is an easy but high potential way to enter new markets for local TV stations. -III- Inhaltsverzeichnis Kurzfassung.................................................................................................................. II Abstract.........................................................................................................................III Inhaltsverzeichnis ......................................................................................................IV Abbildungsverzeichnis .............................................................................................VI Tabellenverzeichnis ................................................................................................. VII Listingverzeichnis .................................................................................................... VII Abkürzungsverzeichnis .........................................................................................VIII 1 Einleitung, Motivation, Ziele, Aufbau und Grundlagen............................... 1 1.1 Einleitung .................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Ziele............................................................................................................................ 2 1.3 Aufbau ....................................................................................................................... 2 1.4 Begriffe: Codec, Encoding, single pass, multi pass........................................... 3 1.5 Grundlegende Videoübertragungsmöglichkeiten............................................ 5 1.5.1 Live Streaming ...................................................................................................... 5 1.5.2 On-demand Streaming ........................................................................................ 9 1.5.3 Progressive Download....................................................................................... 11 1.5.4 Download ............................................................................................................ 13 2 Webbrowserbasierte Lösungen zur Videoübertragung............................... 15 2.1 Übertragungslösungen für Videos im Webbrowser....................................... 16 2.1.1 QuickTime ........................................................................................................... 16 2.1.2 RealVideo............................................................................................................. 20 2.1.3 Windows Media.................................................................................................. 24 2.1.4 Adobe Flash......................................................................................................... 27 2.1.5 Java ....................................................................................................................... 33 2.2 Qualitätsvergleich der Videokompression....................................................... 35 2.2.1 Testvoraussetzungen und Vergleichsmetriken.............................................. 35 2.2.2 Testergebnisse und Auswertung...................................................................... 37 2.3 Verbreitung der Videoformate............................................................................ 54 3 Anforderungen regionaler Fernsehsender...................................................... 58 3.1 Umfang des Videomaterials und Übertragungsanforderungen................... 59 3.2 Werbeeinblendungen ........................................................................................... 60 3.3 Anzeigen von zusätzlichen Informationen....................................................... 62 -IV- 3.4 Programmzusammenstellung, –steuerung, Nutzerinteraktion..................... 62 3.5 Anforderungen an die Infrastruktur und Schnittstellen ............................... 64 4 Prototypische Umsetzung einer Web-TV Anwendung................................ 66 4.1 Vorüberlegungen und Auswahl einer Technik............................................... 66 4.2 Umsetzung des Players......................................................................................... 69 4.2.1 Modularität der Programmierung ................................................................... 70 4.2.2 Die Oberfläche des Web-TV Players................................................................ 71 4.2.3 Das Playlistsystem.............................................................................................. 73 4.3 Einsatz der Web-TV Anwendung in eine Webseite ....................................... 75 4.3.1 Konfigurationsmöglichkeiten ........................................................................... 75 4.3.2 Integration des Players in eine Webseite......................................................... 80 4.3.3 Bereitstellen von Inhalten.................................................................................. 82 4.4 Unterstütze Wiedergabeelemente und ihre Funktionen................................ 83 4.4.1 Die Playliste......................................................................................................... 83 4.4.2 Playlisteneinträge ............................................................................................... 84 4.4.3 Videos, Bilder und Animationen als Filme..................................................... 84 4.4.4 Zusätzliche Audiospuren .................................................................................. 86 4.4.5 Overlays ............................................................................................................... 86 4.4.6 Zusätzliche Informationen ................................................................................ 89 4.4.7 Zusätzliche Informationen: Überschrift .......................................................... 90 4.4.8 Zusätzliche Informationen:
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