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The First Emperor: Selections from the Historical Records (Oxford
oxford world’s classics THE FIRST EMPEROR Sima Qian’s Historical Records (Shiji), from which this selection is taken, is the most famous Chinese historical work, which not only established a pattern for later Chinese historical writing, but was also much admired for its literary qualities, not only in China, but also in Japan, where it became available as early as the eighth cen- tury ad. The work is vast and complex, and to appreciate its nature it is necessary to make a selection of passages concerning a particu- lar period. To this end the short-lived Qin Dynasty, which unified China in the late third century bc, has been chosen for this transla- tion as a key historical period which well illustrates Sima’s method. Sima himself lived from 145 bc to about 86 bc. He inherited the post of Grand Historiographer from his father, and was so deter- mined to complete his work that he suffered the penalty of castra- tion rather than the more honourable alternative of death when he fell foul of the Emperor. Raymond Dawson was an Emeritus Fellow of Wadham College, Oxford. He was Editor of The Legacy of China (1964) and his other publications include The Chinese Chameleon: An Analysis of European Conceptions of Chinese Civilization (1967), Imperial China (1972), The Chinese Experience (1978), Confucius (1982), A New Introduction to Classical Chinese (1984), and the Analects (Oxford World’s Classics, 1993). K. E. Brashier is Associate Professor of Religion (Chinese) and Humanities (Chinese) at Reed College. oxford world’s classics For over 100 years Oxford World’s Classics have brought readers closer to the world’s great literature. -
Life, Thought and Image of Wang Zheng, a Confucian-Christian in Late Ming China
Life, Thought and Image of Wang Zheng, a Confucian-Christian in Late Ming China Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde der Philosophischen Fakultät der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Bonn vorgelegt von Ruizhong Ding aus Qishan, VR. China Bonn, 2019 Gedruckt mit der Genehmigung der Philosophischen Fakultät der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn Zusammensetzung der Prüfungskommission: Prof. Dr. Dr. Manfred Hutter, Institut für Orient- und Asienwissenschaften (Vorsitzender) Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Kubin, Institut für Orient- und Asienwissenschaften (Betreuer und Gutachter) Prof. Dr. Ralph Kauz, Institut für Orient- und Asienwissenschaften (Gutachter) Prof. Dr. Veronika Veit, Institut für Orient- und Asienwissenschaften (weiteres prüfungsberechtigtes Mitglied) Tag der mündlichen Prüfung:22.07.2019 Acknowledgements Currently, when this dissertation is finished, I look out of the window with joyfulness and I would like to express many words to all of you who helped me. Prof. Wolfgang Kubin accepted me as his Ph.D student and in these years he warmly helped me a lot, not only with my research but also with my life. In every meeting, I am impressed by his personality and erudition deeply. I remember one time in his seminar he pointed out my minor errors in the speech paper frankly and patiently. I am indulged in his beautiful German and brilliant poetry. His translations are full of insightful wisdom. Every time when I meet him, I hope it is a long time. I am so grateful that Prof. Ralph Kauz in the past years gave me unlimited help. In his seminars, his academic methods and sights opened my horizons. Usually, he supported and encouraged me to study more fields of research. -
American Historical Society of Germans from Russia
American Historical Society Of Germans From Russia Kongregational Gemeinden von Amerika 61. Jahrgang Yankton, S. Dak. 14. January 1943 Nr. 11 Work Paper No. 6 May 1971 (front cover of WP6) TABLE OF CONTENTS President's Letter…………………………………………………………………….1 From the Editor's Desk…………………………………………………..3 Report From Germany ..Emma S. Haynes……………………………...4 Russia Revisited ...Cornelius Krahn………………………………….15 Comments on Frank ..Fred Grosskopf ……………………………….24 St. Joseph's Colonie, Balgonie .. A. Becker…………………………...25 Migration of the First Russian-Germans to The United States ..Friedrich Mutschelnaus Edited and Translated by Sen. Theodore Wenzlaff ……………………43 Inland Empire Russia Germans ..Harm H. Schlomer…………………..53 Genealogy Section ..Gerda Walker………………………………61 About the Cover: This photograph of the Church at Frank was donated by Mrs. Rachel Amen. It appeared in a publication of the Evangelical Congregational Conference. A comment on the picture is found on page 24. AMERICAN HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF GERMANS FROM RUSSIA POST OFFICE BOX 1424 GREELEY. COLORADO 80631 (inside front cover of WP6) American Historical Society of Germans from Russia 1004A NINTH AVENUE - P.O. BOX 1424 TELEPHONE; 352-9467 GREEL.EY. COLORADO 00631 April 27, 1971 OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS: H. J. Amen, President Emeritus 601 D Street Lincoln, Nebraska 68502 PRESIDENT'S LETTER Dr. Karl Stumpp, Chairman Emeritus 74 Tuebingen Autenrieth Strasse 16 West Germany David J. Miller, President Dear Members of AHSGR: P.O. Box 1424 Greeley, Colorado 80631 John H. Werner, Vice-President 522 Tucson The progress we have made in membership and in Aurora, Colorado 80010 contributions to our cause is proof of the basic need and W. F. Urbach. Vice-President 9320 East Center Avenue demand for AHSGR. -
The Ancient Chinese Notes on Hydrogeology
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by RERO DOC Digital Library The ancient Chinese notes on hydrogeology Yu Zhou & François Zwahlen & Yanxin Wang Abstract The ancient Chinese notes on hydrogeology are people had profound insight into, and widespread use of, summarized and interpreted, along with records of some groundwater at a very early stage. The work summarized related matters, like groundwater exploration and utiliza- in this report involved collection and interpretation of the tion, karst springs, water circulation, water conservation available historical information on the ancient Chinese and saline-land transformation, mine drainage, and envi- perspective on hydrogeology and some related matters. It ronmental hydrogeology. The report focuses only on the introduces seven aspects of groundwater utilization and earliest recorded notes, mostly up until the Han Dynasty related issues. While hydrogeologists gather groundwater- (206 BC– AD 25). Besides the references cited, the related background data, ancient literature and books discussion in this report is based mainly on archaeological should be given as much attention as modern ones. material, the preserved written classic literature, and some Although numerous historical documents are available, assumptions and/or conclusions that have been handed very few hydrogeological records were found scattered down in legends to later ages. Although most material among them. It is hard to find them but they are useful for relates to ancient China, the lessons learned may have enriching the data and understanding the hydrogeological practical significance worldwide. Compared to other condition, and some literature contains records of col- contemporary parts of the world, ancient China, without lected data. -
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT Ian Morris
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT Ian Morris © Ian Morris Stanford University October 2010 http://www.ianmorris.org 1 Contents List of Tables, Maps, Figures, and Graphs 4 1 Introduction 7 2 Formal Definition 9 3 Core Assumptions 10 3.1 Quantification 10 3.2 Parsimony 10 3.3 Traits 10 3.4 Criteria 11 3.5 The focus on East and West 11 3.6 Core regions 12 3.7 Measurement intervals 16 3.8 Approximation and falsification 16 4 Core Objections 17 4.1 Dehumanization 17 4.2 Inappropriate definition 17 4.3 Inappropriate traits 17 4.4 Empirical errors 21 5 Models for an Index of Social Development 22 5.1 Social development indices in neo-evolutionary anthropology 22 5.2 The United Nations Human Development Index 23 6 Trait Selection 25 7 Methods of Calculation 26 8 Energy Capture 28 8.1 Energy capture, real wages, and GDP, GNP, and NDI per capita 28 8.2 Units of measurement and abbreviations 32 8.3 The nature of the evidence 33 8.4 Estimates of Western energy capture 35 8.4.1 The recent past, 1700-2000 CE 36 8.4.2 Classical antiquity (500 BCE–200 CE) 39 8.4.3 Between ancient and modern (200–1700 CE) 50 8.4.3.1 200-700 CE 50 8.4.3.2 700-1300 CE 53 8.4.3.3 1300-1700 CE 55 8.4.4 Late Ice Age hunter-gatherers (c. 14,000 BCE) 57 8.4.5 From foragers to imperialists (14,000-500 BCE) 59 8.4.6 Western energy capture: discussion 73 2 8.5 Estimates of Eastern energy capture 75 8.5.1 The recent past, 1800-2000 CE 79 8.5.2 Song dynasty China (960-1279 CE) 83 8.5.3 Early modern China (1300-1700 CE) 85 8.5.4 Ancient China (200 BCE-200 CE) 88 8.5.5 Between ancient and medieval (200-1000 CE) 91 8.5.6 Post-Ice Age hunter-gatherers (c. -
To Accepted Pinyin Names of Genera, Subdivisions of Tribes, Tribes, and Subfamilies Numbers in Boldface Are the Flora of China Volume Numbers
Index to Accepted Pinyin Names of Genera, Subdivisions of Tribes, Tribes, and Subfamilies Numbers in boldface are the Flora of China volume numbers. Page numbers, after the colon, inGicate the ¿rst Sage of the treatment. a mi qin shu 14 0 bai jiu cao shu 20–21 bao chun qian shu 19 2 a wei shu 14 bai ju mu shu 20–21 0 bao guo ju shu 20–21 ai ci su shu 17 9 bai la mu shu 13 bao guo qi shu 8 ai di cao shu 19 bai le hua shu 19 0 bao he teng shu 11 ai ma shu 5 bai li xiang shu 17 2 bao hu dou shu 10 22 ai na xiang shu 20–21 29 bai ma gu shu 19 2 bao li shu 5 ai san qin shu 14 92 bai ma jie shu 8 0 bao lie qin shu 14 ai xiao shi che ju shu 20–21 9 bai mai gen shu 10 bao mao shu 22 ai ye qin shu 14 9 bai mai gen zu 10 bao she lan shu 25 2 ai ze qin shu 14 bai mao shu 22 bao shuo cao shu 6 ai zhu lan shu 25 bai mu shu 4 bao ting hua shu 17 0 an han xian shu 5 2 bai mu wu jiu shu 11 2 bao ye jiang shu 24 0 an jue shu 2–3 bai neng wei shu 20–21 bao ye lan shu 25 00 an luo shu 19 9 bai qian ceng shu 13 2 bao ye teng shu 16 an shu 13 2 bai qu cai shu 7 2 bao zhu cao shu 19 2 an xi xiang shu 15 2 bai ri ju shu 20–21 bao zi hua shu 24 9 ang tian lian shu 12 22 bai rui cao shu 5 2 bei guan mu shu 19 ao chun jiang shu 24 bai shu 22 bei he shu 22 ao ru qin shu 14 2 bai shu shu 11 2 bei ji guo shu 14 2 ao yang shu 11 29 bai shui teng shu 16 2 bei ji hua shu 19 ao zhou jian guo shu 5 99 bai si cao shu 24 bei ju shu 20–21 ba bao shu 8 209 bai sui hua shu 24 2 bei juan mei shu 9 2 ba bao shu shu 13 2 bai suo luo shu 2–3 bei mei -
General Introduction Qin History Revisited Yuri Pines with Lothar Von Falkenhausen, Gideon Shelach, and Robin D
General Introduction Qin History Revisited Yuri Pines with Lothar von Falkenhausen, Gideon Shelach, and Robin D. S. Yates In the long history of what is now known as “Chinese” civilization, the state of Qin occupies a special place. Having conquered or otherwise sub- jugated most of the East Asian subcontinent by 221 bcE,1 Qin put an end to centuries of turmoil, internecine warfare, and endless bloodshed between the so-called Warring States. Proudly proclaiming that warfare would never arise again, the king of Qin declared himself the First Emperor (Qin Shi Huangdi 秦始皇帝, r. 246–221–210), inaugurating thereby what he hoped to be a lengthy age of orderly rule, universal compliance, and prosperity for all. Although these goals were not fulfilled, and despite ongoing resistance to Qin’s rule among some of the new subjects, the Emperor and his aides succeeded in a few years to lay the institutional and ideological foundations of all later “Chinese” empires, thus establish- ing the basis for the most durable succession of imperial polities world- wide. The Qin dynasty itself, however, was exceptionally short-lived: it started to crumble immediately after the death of the First Emperor, and in 207 it was toppled by a popular uprising of unprecedented scope and ferocity. Qin’s remarkable success and its astounding collapse fascinated generations of statesmen, thinkers, and scholars and became the focus of controversies that continue to this day. For two millennia, debates about Qin’s history, its ideology, its cultural affiliation, and the appropriateness of its policies revolved overwhelm- ingly around conflicting interpretations of a single major source of Qin history—the Historical Records (Shiji 史記) by Sima Qian 司馬遷 (c. -
The Qin Revolution
Indiana University, History G380 – class text readings – Spring 2010 – R. Eno 4.1 THE QIN DYNASTY Background The state of Qin was the westernmost of the patrician states of China, and had originally been viewed as a non-Chinese tribe. Its ruler was granted an official Zhou title in the eighth century B.C. in consequence of political loyalty and military service provided to the young Zhou king in Luoyang, the new eastern capital, at a time when the legitimate title to the Zhou throne was in dispute after the fall of the Western Zhou. The sustained reign of Duke Mu during the seventh century did much to elevate the status of Qin among the community of patrician states, but the basic prejudice against Qin as semi-“barbarian” persisted. Never during the Classical period did Qin come to be viewed as fully Chinese in a cultural sense. Qin produced great warriors, but no great leaders after Duke Mu, no notable thinkers or literary figures. Its governmental policies were the most progressive in China, but these were all conceived and implemented by men from the east who served as “Alien Ministers” at the highest ranks of the Qin court, rather than by natives of Qin. Yet Qin aspired to full membership in the Chinese cultural sphere. Li Si, the Prime Minister who shepherded Qin’s conquest of the other states, captured what must have been a widely held view of Qin in a memorial he sent to the king before his elevation to highest power. “To please the ear by thumping a water jug, banging a pot, twanging a zither, slapping a thigh and singing woo-woo! – that is the native music of Qin. -
6 X 10.Long.P65
Cambridge University Press 0521819725 - War and State Formation in Ancient China and Early Modern Europe Victoria Tin-bor Hui Excerpt More information 1 A Dynamic Theory of World Politics This book originates from a peculiar puzzle: Why is it that political scien- tists and Europeanists take for granted checks and balances in European politics, while Chinese and sinologists take for granted a coercive universal empire in China? This research question is not as odd as it appears because China in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods (656–221 bc) was a multistate system that closely resembled Europe in the early mod- ern period (ad 1495–1815). Although it is often presumed that China or Zhongguo refers to the “Middle Kingdom,” this term originally referred to “central states”: zhong means “central” and guo means “states.”1 As the early modern European system did, the Zhongguo system experienced disintegration of feudal hierarchy, prevalence of war, conditions of inter- national anarchy, emergence of sovereign territorial states, configuration of the balance of power, development of the centralized bureaucracy, birth of state-society bargains, expansion of international trade, and other fa- miliar phenomena of international and domestic politics. If the balance of power prevailed in international politics and the constitutional state tri- umphed in state-society relations in Europe, then why did the opposite outcomes occur in ancient China? Is it because China was destined to have authoritarian rule under a unified empire as taught in standard Chinese history books? Alternatively, is it possible that the European trajectory was far more contingent than is presumed by the Eurocentric perspective? To understand two historical trajectories as what they are, I have been driven to work out a dynamic theory of world politics that blends Eurocentric and Sinocentric perspectives, connects the ancient and the 1 Chen 1941, 643; Loewe 1999, 993–994;Ye1992, 89–135. -
King Wen's Tower
King Wen’s Tower Game in Progress by Emily Care Boss Black & Green Games L 2014 GM Checklist • Welcome everyone • Second Round (and on until 1 Kingdom Left) • Overview of Game Intrigue Scene: GM choose Kingdom Warring States Period Scenario Rules Tower Phase Token hand off (all Kingdoms) Choose Kingdom Tile • Setup Conquering Scene Map and Kingdom Sheets Kingdom Player choose: Battle or Surrender Players choose Kingdoms Questions Tokens, Cards, Tiles and Reference sheets • Last Kingdom • Introduction Optonal Intrigue Scene: War Council of Qin Last Kingdom Player: Ying Zheng Kingdom Descriptions Tower Phase Conquering Scene for unplayed No Tokens Kingdoms (1 question each) Play Kingdom Tile Conquering Scene • First Round: Battle or Surrender Questions Intrigue Scene Horizontal & Vertical Alliances • Debriefing Tower Phase King Wen Sequence Token hand off (GM breaks ties) Find Kingdom Tile Hexagram Choose Kingdom Tile Answer Question Conquering Scene History Kingdom Player chose: Share historical timeline Battle or Surrender Questions Materials • Game rules • Tokens (7) use counters, coins or stones, etc. Warring States Map • • Kingdom Tiles (12) Two per Kingdom, cut out GM Reference Sheets (pp. 13 - 16) • • Qin Agent Cards (12) cut out Kingdom Sheets (7) One per Kingdom • • King Wen Sequence Table - Questions Player Reference (7) Hundred Schools, Stratagems • • Blank paper - name cards for Intrigue Scenes 2 Table of Contents GM Checklist. 2 About the Game. 4 Scenario Rules. 5 Early Chinese History. 8 Hundred Schools of Thought. 9 Stratagems. .10 Map of the Seven Kingdoms. 11 Kingdoms of the Late Warring States Period. .12 Intrigue Scene Summaries. .13 Kingdom Summary Sheets: Qin (GM). 15 GM Master list of Battle & Surrender Scenes. -
A Preliminary Study of the Kaogong Ji (The Book of Artificers)
Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Master's Theses Graduate College 4-2005 A Preliminary Study of the Kaogong Ji (The Book of Artificers) Hanmo Zhang Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Zhang, Hanmo, "A Preliminary Study of the Kaogong Ji (The Book of Artificers)" (2005). Master's Theses. 4193. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses/4193 This Masters Thesis-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE KAOGONGJI (THE BOOK OF ARTIFICERS) by HanmoZhang A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of The Graduate College in partial fulfillmentof the requirements forthe Degree of Master of Arts Department of History ' WesternMichigan University Kalamazoo, Michigan April 2005 Copyright by Hanmo Zhang 2005 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to begin by thanking Dr. Victor C. Xiong, who introduced me to the fieldof pre-modem Chinese history and guided me through the whole process of this program. Thanks to his suggestion, I began the research of the Kaogongji soon after I enrolled in the program and have been constantly under his direction fromthen on. Without his guidance and encouragement, this project would not have been possible. I would like to thank Dr. Timothy Light for his solid support in my study and generous help in many other things. His deep insight and broad knowledge always brought inspiration, not only in this project, but also in the study of my fieldas a whole. -
The Advocate - Aug
Seton Hall University eRepository @ Seton Hall The aC tholic Advocate Archives and Special Collections 8-11-1960 The Advocate - Aug. 11, 1960 Catholic Church Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.shu.edu/catholic-advocate Part of the Catholic Studies Commons, and the Missions and World Christianity Commons Vatican Seeks Laymen To Aid Latin America WASHINGTON The Holy See has asked laymen to enlist as “Papal volunteers” to serve the Church in Latin America. The appeal was issued by the Pontifical Commission for Latin America through its president, Cardinal Mimmi. Citing the “distressing short- age of priests and religious” in tion of their work and their The Advocate iatin sup- Cardinal America, Minimi port.” declared: “In this situation no Official Publication of the Archdiocese of “The task of the lay volun- Newark. N. J., and Diocese of Paterson. N."j. Catholic can consider himself teers coming from abroad,”' alien to the of the .Vol. 9, No. 33 THURSDAY, AUGUST suffering the Cardinal "is to work 11, 1960 PRICE: TEN CENTS Church.” said, under the direction of the lo- cal Ordinaries THE COMMISSION’S program and in collabora- Asks for a ‘True Peace’ tion with the diocesan and for developing a corps of volun- na- - tional in to teers was outlined in a document organizations order help in excellent and received by Cardinal Cushing of training Boston, chairman of the NCWC qualified leaders. In no way shall Pope's Appealfor Episcopal Committee for Latin they take the place of Prayers America. the local leaders.” The The Cardinal stated that al- program has been en- Catholic Ends dorsed by Pope John and calls ready existing organiza- Munich both and Congress (or volunteers to be organized tions, parochial non- and mis- in teams of 3 to 10 members, parochial, colleges lay MUNICH, Germany Pope John XXIII sionary are urged pil- priests.