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Los Macroheterocera (Lepidoptera) De La Ermita Del Calvario De Mijas (Málaga, España)

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Los Macroheterocera (Lepidoptera) De La Ermita Del Calvario De Mijas (Málaga, España) Revista gaditana de Entomología, volumen VII núm. 1 (2016): 1-15 ISSN 2172-2595 Los Macroheterocera (Lepidoptera) de la ermita del Calvario de Mijas (Málaga, España). José Manuel Moreno-Benítez ¹, Francisco Solano González ² & Enrique Coto Gilabert ³ ¹ C. Larga del Palmar 34, 29650 Mijas (Málaga). [email protected] ² C. El Mirador 10, 29650 Mijas (Málaga). [email protected] ³ C. Francisco Pacheco 9, 4ªC6, 29004 Málaga (Málaga). [email protected] urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B68C1220-6E63-47B3-8E03-4170C43212E6 Resumen: se presenta el resultado de los muestreos realizados durante el año 2015 en la ermita del Calvario de Mijas (Málaga, España). Además, se refieren las observaciones anteriores a 2015 realizadas en este lugar. Se han detectado 162 especies de Macroheterocera atraídas por el alumbrado de este conjunto arquitectónico. Palabras clave: Lepidoptera, Macroheterocera, faunística, Mijas, Málaga, España. The Macroheterocera (Lepidoptera) in the hermitage of Calvary of Mijas (Malaga, Spain). Abstract: the results of the samplings during 2015 in the hermitage of Calvary of Mijas (Malaga, Spain) is presented. Furthermore, we refer the observations made before 2015 here. 162 have been detected Macroheterocera species attracted to this architectural lighting. Key words: Lepidoptera, Macroheterocera, faunistics, Mijas, Malaga, Spain. INTRODUCCIÓN La ermita del Calvario de Mijas se encuentra situada en una ladera con gran pendiente de la vertiente sur de la Sierra de Mijas, a una altitud aproximada de 530 m, en la cuadrícula UTM 30SUF5351 (datum ETRS89). Dista en torno a 140 m en línea recta de la parte alta del casco urbano de Mijas y está iluminada en su parte frontal por dos focos alógenos de 400 watios de potencia. La vegetación circundante está asentada sobre mármol blanco y dolomía, predominando el pinar abierto (Pinus pinea principalmente), acompañado por diversas especies, tanto árboles como arbustos y flora menor: acebuche (Olea europaea var. sylvestris), algarrobo (Ceratonia siliqua), espino negro (Rhamnus lycioides), enebro (Juniperus oxycedrus), lentisco (Pistacia lentiscus), aulaga (Ulex baeticus), clavellinas (Dianthus broteroi), salivita (Lobularia maritima), uña de gato y arrocico (Sedum sediforme y S. album), campanilla lanuda (Convolvulus lanuginosus), alhucema (Lavandula multifida), manrubio (Ballota hirsuta), matagallo y candilera (Phlomis purpurea y P. lychnitis), jaras y jaguarzos (Cistus spp.), esparto (Stipa tenacissima) y diferentes gramíneas, entre otras muchas plantas. 1 J.M. Moreno-Benítez, F.Solano González & E.Coto Gilabert. Los Macroheterocera (Lepidoptera) de la ermita del Calvario de Mijas (Málaga, España). MATERIAL Y MÉTODO Se han realizado 34 muestreos durante 2015, con un total de 52 horas y 25 minutos, y un mayor esfuerzo en los meses de invierno y primavera (Tabla I). Los muestreos se han llevado a cabo durante las primeras horas de la noche y han consistido en la identificación de visu de los Macroheterocera atraídos por los focos, exceptuando algunas especies determinadas mediante examen genital, que se refierirán más adelante. Para minimizar el impacto sobre las especies atraídas y para una mejor detección de éstas, se ha puesto telas de color blanco delante de las fuentes de luz. Además se ha buscado orugas en torno al recinto e imagos entre la vegetación, refugiados en los muros de piedra y recovecos de la construcción, como ventanas y puertas. Como complemento a las observaciones recogidas durante 2015, se aportan los resultados de otros muestreos en años anteriores y observaciones puntuales, tanto diurnas como nocturnas. RESULTADOS Se ha detectado 162 especies, pertenecientes a las familias Drepanidae (1 sp.), Erebidae (17 spp.), Geometridae (63 spp.), Lasiocampidae (3 spp.), Noctuidae (67 spp.), Nolidae (6 spp.), Notodontidae (2 spp.) y Sphingidae (3 spp.). A continuación se presenta todas las especies determinadas. Entre paréntesis junto a la fecha, el número de individuos observados. En el aspecto nomenclatural, se ha seguido a la web Fauna Europaea, compuesta por los principales expertos europeos (Karsholt & Nieukerken, 2013), mientras que el orden establecido es alfabético. FAMILIA DREPANIDAE Watsonalla uncinula (Borkhausen, 1790) 31/03/2015 (1); 30/09/2015 (1). FAMILIA EREBIDAE Apaidia mesogona (Godart, 1824) 09/09/2015 (1). Autophila cataphanes (Hübner, 1813) 26/03/2015 (1). Coscinia cribraria (Linnaeus, 1758) 30/09/2015 (1); 15/10/2015 (1). 2 Revista gaditana de Entomología, volumen VII núm. 1 (2016): 1-15 ISSN 2172-2595 HORA DE HORA DE Nº FECHA INICIO FINALIZACIÓN ESPECIES 05/01/2015 19:10 20:40 13 12/01/2015 19:05 20:35 23 21/01/2015 19:20 20:20 7 29/01/2015 19:50 20:50 10 04/02/2015 19:30 20:30 7 10/02/2015 19:50 20:50 12 19/02/2015 19:45 20:45 14 26/02/2015 19:40 21:10 16 03/03/2015 19:50 21:20 12 11/03/2015 19:50 21:20 21 18/03/2015 20:00 21:15 17 26/03/2015 20:00 21:30 20 31/03/2015 21:00 23:00 27 09/04/2015 21:10 23:10 23 16/04/2015 21:10 22:50 30 29/04/2015 21:30 22:30 6 07/05/2015 21:40 23:40 33 14/05/2015 21:40 22:40 13 21/05/2015 21:50 22:50 25 26/05/2015 21:50 23:50 33 09/06/2015 22:05 23:35 18 24/06/2015 22:15 00:15 19 29/06/2015 22:15 00:15 4 08/07/2015 22:10 23:40 4 02/08/2015 21:50 22:50 11 27/08/2015 21:10 23:10 20 02/09/2015 21:10 23:10 20 09/09/2015 20:50 22:50 28 23/09/2015 20:40 23:10 36 30/09/2015 20:20 22:20 45 15/10/2015 20:10 21:40 33 04/11/2015 18:45 20:15 28 03/12/2015 18:30 20:00 12 15/12/2015 18:30 19:30 15 Tabla I: Desglose de los muestreos realizados en 2015 en la ermita del Calvario de Mijas y número de especies detectadas en cada uno de ellos. 3 J.M. Moreno-Benítez, F.Solano González & E.Coto Gilabert. Los Macroheterocera (Lepidoptera) de la ermita del Calvario de Mijas (Málaga, España). Cymbalophora pudica (Esper, 1785) 23/09/2015 (4); 30/09/2015 (7); 07/10/2015 (21, observación diurna); 15/10/2015 (2). Anterior a 2015: 01/10/2006 (1); 09/10/2012 (5); 28/09/2013 (10); 12/10/2014 (1). Además, se han encontrado orugas: 12/01/2015 (3); 10/02/2015 (1); 19/02/2015 (1); 26/02/2015 (3); 03/03/2015 (3); 11/03/2015 (6); 18/03/2015 (2); 26/03/2015 (1); 31/03/2015 (2). Eilema albicosta (Rogenhofer, 1894) 23/09/2015 (2). Determinados mediante análisis del andropigio; J.M. Moreno-Benítez leg.; R. Macià coll. Eilema uniola (Rambur, 1866) 02/09/2015 (2); 09/09/2015 (2); 30/09/2015 (1). Todos determinados mediante análisis del andropigio; J.M. Moreno-Benítez leg & coll. Eublemma candidana (Fabricius, 1794) 07/05/2015 (1). Eublemma ostrina (Hübner, 1808) 16/04/2015 (1); 07/05/2015 (3); 14/05/2015 (1); 21/05/2015 (4); 24/06/2015 (2); 26/08/2015 (1); 02/09/2015 (2); 23/09/2015 (2); 30/09/2015 (2); 04/11/2015 (1). Eublemma parva (Hübner, 1808) 24/06/2015 (2); 29/06/2015 (1); 09/09/2015 (2); 15/10/2015 (1); 04/11/2015 (1). Eublemma pura (Hübner, 1813) 24/06/2015 (1). Hypena lividalis (Hübner, 1796) 07/05/2015 (1); 26/05/2015 (1); 09/09/2015 (1). Hypena obsitalis (Hübner, 1813) 31/03/2015 (1); 16/04/2015 (1). Metachrostis velox (Hübner, 1813) 26/08/2015 (1); 02/09/2015 (1); 09/09/2015 (1). Odice jucunda (Hübner, 1813) 21/05/2015 (2); 26/05/2015 (1); 24/06/2015 (2); 26/08/2015 (2); 02/09/2015 (3); 09/09/2015 (3); 23/09/2015 (1). Parascotia nisseni Turati, 1905 30/09/2015 (1); 15/10/2015 (1). Phytometra sanctiflorentis (Boisduval, 1834) 12/01/2015 (1); 26/02/2015 (4); 03/03/2015 (1); 11/03/2015 (3); 31/03/2015 (1); 16/04/2015 (2); 07/05/2015 (2); 14/05/2015 (1); 21/05/2015 (1); 23/09/2015 (1); 30/09/2015 (1). Anterior a 2015: 17/04/2014 (1). Zebeeba falsalis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1839) 23/09/2015 (2). FAMILIA GEOMETRIDAE Aspitates ochrearia (Rossi, 1794) 30/09/2015 (1). 4 Revista gaditana de Entomología, volumen VII núm. 1 (2016): 1-15 ISSN 2172-2595 Brachyglossina hispanaria (Püngeler, 1913) 26/05/2015 (1). Charissa mucidaria (Hübner, 1799) 05/01/2015 (3); 12/01/2015 (3); 21/01/2015 (1); 29/01/2015 (4); 04/02/2015 (3); 10/02/2015 (7); 19/02/2015 (8); 26/02/2015 (10); 03/03/2015 (3); 11/03/2015 (5); 18/03/2015 (2); 26/03/2015 (1); 31/03/2015 (5); 09/04/2015 (1); 16/04/2015 (1); 07/05/2015 (3); 21/05/2015 (3); 26/05/2015 (2); 26/08/2015 (1); 09/09/2015 (1); 23/06/2015 (14); 30/09/2015 (7); 15/10/2015 (3); 04/11/2015 (3); 03/12/2015 (1); 15/12/2015 (3). Anterior a 2015: 01/10/2006 (1); 09/10/2012 (9); 18/10/2012 (4); 11/05/2013 (2); 24/12/2013 (3); 17/04/2014 (1); 12/10/2014 (1); 16/11/2014 (1). Chemerina caliginearia (Rambur, 1833) 12/01/2015 (6); 21/01/2015 (2); 29/01/2015 (9); 04/02/2015 (1); 10/02/2015 (4); 19/02/2015 (2); 26/02/2015 (2); 15/12/2015 (2). Anterior a 2015: 16/01/2014 (3).
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