1. All of Earth's water, land, and atmosphere within which life exists is known as A) a population B) a community C) a biome D) the biosphere 2. Which diagram best illustrates the relationship between humans (H) and ecosystems (E)? A) B)
C) D)
3. The organisms in a pond and the physical factors influencing them best describe A) a population B) an ecosystem C) a biosphere D) a food chain 4. Information relating to an ecosystem is contained in the diagram shown below.
Which information belongs in areas X and Y? A) X—biotic factors; Y—abiotic factors B) X—ecological relationships; Y—biotic relationships C) X—abiotic factors; Y—interacting populations D) X—energy flow; Y—biotic factors 5. Which is a biotic factor in the environment of a 6. A particular species of freshwater mussel (a small fresh-water fish? clam-like animal) inhabits the shallow water of a large lake, where it lives and breeds. These mussels A) the amount of light penetrating the water are referred to as B) the temperature of the water C) the mud on the pond bottom A) a population D) the algae growing in the water B) an ecosystem C) an abiotic condition D) an aquatic biome 7. The drawing below represents some organisms in 10. Carbon dioxide makes up less than 1 percent of Africa. Earth's atmosphere, and oxygen makes up about 20 percent. These percentages are maintained most directly by A) respiration and photosynthesis B) the ozone shield C) synthesis and digestion D) energy recycling in ecosystems 11. As water cycles through an ecosystem, which process returns it to the atmosphere? All the organisms in the drawing make up an A) hydrolysis B) transpiration ecological unit known as a C) condensation D) cyclosis A) species B) biome 12. Bacteria of decay are important components of an C) population D) community ecosystem because they 8. In order for an ecosystem to remain stable there must A) recycle organic matter be B) are involved in photosynthesis A) drastic modifications to the environment C) absorb solar energy B) interrelationships and interdependencies D) slow the spread of disease among organisms 13. Nitrogenous wastes in the soil are broken down as a C) limited biodiversity result of the action of D) gradual changes in the climate A) decomposers B) autotrophs 9. Which ecological principle is best illustrated by the C) herbivores D) omnivores diagram below? 14. Water from nearby rivers or lakes is usually used to cool down the reactors in nuclear power plants. The release of this heated water back into the river or lake would most likely result in A) an increase in the sewage content in the water B) a change in the biodiversity in the water C) a change in the number of mutations in plants growing near the water D) a decrease in the amount of sunlight necessary A) In an ecosystem, material is cycled among the for photosynthesis in the water organisms and their environment. B) As a result of competition between two species, 15. A symbiotic relationship exists between two one species will be excluded from the niche. organisms of different species. If only one organism benefits from the relationship and the other is not C) Competition within a species results in natural harmed, the relationship is known as selection. D) An ecosystem requires a constant source of A) commensalism B) mutualism energy C) parasitism D) saprophytism 16. The diagram below illustrates some of the essential 19. Lichens are found on rocky hillsides under steps in conditions where neither the alga nor the fungus could live alone. This indicates that the relationship between the alga and the fungus is one of A) parasitism B) saprophytism C) mutualism D) predator and prey 20. Which graph best represents a predator-prey A) the reproductive cycle relationship in a stable ecosystem? B) the process of photosynthesis C) animal respiration D) the nitrogen cycle A) 17. The plant represented in the diagram below is associated with the nitrogen cycle.
B)
C)
This plant is directly involved in the A) release of ammonia to the atmosphere D) B) decomposition of dead organisms C) conversion of atmospheric nitrogen to nitrates D) synthesis of atmospheric nitrogen from ammonia 18. Which two life functions of animals help maintain the water cycle by recycling water back into the environment? A) digestion and regulation B) synthesis and locomotion C) respiration and excretion D) reproduction and growth Answer Key Ecology practice first
1. D 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. A 11. B 12. A 13. A 14. B 15. A 16. D 17. C 18. C 19. C 20. A