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State of Biodiversity Markets Offset and Compensation Programs Worldwide

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State of Biodiversity Markets Offset and Compensation Programs Worldwide State of Biodiversity Markets Offset and Compensation Programs Worldwide State of Biodiversity Markets 1 Donors and Sponsors Acknowledgements This report is public and freely available The following pages represent a compilation due to the financial contributions from of the resources, insights and knowledge Ecosystem Marketplace Donors: the United of dozens of individuals. They include: Nations Development Program and the Dr. Naoki Adachi, Ricardo Bayon, Todd Global Environment Facility; as well as BenDor, Michael Bennett, Steve Bosak, our Premium Sponsors: Commission for Andrew Bovarnick, Rafael Burgos, David Environmental Cooperation, New Forests; Brand, Susie Brownlie, Curtis Chullick, and Sponsors: Markit, eftec, USDA Forest Sally Collins, David Cooley, Michael Crowe, Service - International Programs, the Nature Marianne Darbi, Maria del Mar Zavala, Tim Conservancy, and the Grantham Foundation. Dendy, Craig Denisoff, Michelle Desilets, Melissa Dixon, Andrew Dodd, Marta Disclaimer Echavarria, Christopher K. Fong, Jessica Fox, Toby Gardner, Todd Gartner, Juan Carlos Ecosystem Marketplace is a project of Forest Gonzalez, Ben Guillon, Tom Hammond, Trends. Any reference to Forest Trends or MaryKate Hanlon, Al Hanson, Stephen Ecosystem Marketplace in this disclaimer Harris, Tommie Herbert, Cassie Hoffman, includes Forest Trends, Ecosystem Marketplace, Marian Honeczy, Brad Jakowyna, Martin and all of their respective affiliates, partners, Juniper, George Kelly, Rebecca Kihslinger, officers, directors, and employees. Kristine Koster, Valerie Layne, Daniela Lerda, Patrick Maguire, Edward Maillett, Steve The information in this report is provided Martin, Rodrigo Martínez, Betsy McCorkle, for general informational purposes only, and Bruce McKenney, Deblyn Mead, Alex Moad, should not be construed to contain legal, Brian Monaghan, Ivo Mulder, Carlos Muñoz business, accounting, tax, or other professional Piña, David Nicholson, Holger Ohlenburg, advice. No one should act or refrain from Artur Paiva, Patricia Pérez, Bob Pett, David acting on the basis of any information Primozich, Sarah Prinsloo, Jason Quigley, contained in this report without seeking Jeannicq Randrianarisoa, Ramsay Ravenel, appropriate professional advice based on his or James Remuzzi, Cara Roderick, Talia Romero her particular circumstances. The information Jurado, Alice Ruhweza, Ken Sanchez, Joanna contained within is the responsibility of Silver, Jon Soderberg, Eric Sprague, Theo the authors and contributors, and does not Stevens, Kerry ten Kate, Phuc Xuan To, Al necessarily reflect the views of the donors, Todd, John Tynan, Katrina Valerio, Amrei sponsors, or contributors of the report. Von Hase, Dr. Steven Ward, Wayne White, Jessica Wilkinson and Kristine Young. Thank While Ecosystem Marketplace strives to you also to the entire staff of Forest Trends for provide accurate and timely information, all your continued support and contributions. information in the report is presented “as-is,” without any representation as to its accuracy, suitability, timeliness, completeness or continued availability. Cover & layout by Wenceslao Almazan. 2 Offset and Compensation Programs Worldwide State of Biodiversity Markets: Offset and Compensation Programs Worldwide Preferred Citation Madsen, Becca; Carroll, Nathaniel; Moore Brands, Kelly; 2010. State of Biodiversity Markets Report: Offset and Compensation Programs Worldwide. Available at: http://www.ecosystemmarketplace. com/documents/acrobat/sbdmr.pdf Contributors Ian Dickie (eftec); Matthew Cranford (Department of Geography and Environment, the London School of Economics; and eftec associate); Michelle Gane (Institute for Sustainable Resources, Queensland University of Technology) State of Biodiversity Markets 3 About Ecosystem Marketplace Ecosystem Marketplace, a project of the non-profit organization Forest Trends, is a leading source of information on environmental markets and payments for ecosystem services. Our publicly available information sources include annual reports, quantitative market tracking, weekly articles, daily news, and newsletters designed for different payments for environmental services stakeholders. We believe that by providing solid and trustworthy information on prices, regulation, science, and other market- relevant issues, we can help payments for ecosystem services and incentives for reducing pollution become a fundamental part of our economic and environmental systems, helping make the priceless valuable. Ecosystem Marketplace 1050 Potomac St., NW Washington, DC 20007 [email protected] www.ecosystemmarketplace.com www.forest-trends.org 4 Offset and Compensation Programs Worldwide Introduction To the Readers As more and more governments and businesses While a ‘biodiversity offset’ program may consider market-like instruments as tools be preferable from an ecological and social for biodiversity footprint management, it is standpoint, more flexible and less arduous forms increasingly important to understand what of impact compensation, in which funds are set is happening, where, and how those tools aside for biodiversity management or valuable work. It is also critical to provide reliable biodiversity is protected elsewhere, can be a information free to the public to enable all first step towards better biodiversity footprint market participants to make more informed management or even eventually a regulated decisions, learn from the experiences of others, offset system. It is this movement towards and ultimately allow stable, equitable and better compensatory mitigation and effective effective conservation markets to develop. To payments and markets for mitigation that is of address this compelling need for more and better interest to the report. information we have written this status and To meet those ends, this report provides trends report on biodiversity markets. Within the status and trends of biodiversity offset the broad spectrum of ‘biodiversity markets,’ we and compensatory mitigation programs by aim to provide a succinct answer to the question geographical region. In each section, the report ‘What is happening in biodiversity offset and summarizes the total active programs and compensation programs around the world?’ developing activities, and broad metrics like There are both mature and nascent payment total known payments and land area protected systems for biodiversity compensation around or restored. In each region, we also analyze the the world. Each one is a bit different and they characteristics of offset programs—what drives often go by different names: biodiversity offsets, the program, how offsets are created, who the mitigation banking, conservation banking, buyers and sellers are, and what the unit of credit habitat credit trading, fish habitat compensation, is. Finally, we look at recent developments in BioBanking, complementary remediation, nascent and existing programs in the region. conservation certificates, and many more. The reliable, consistent and transparent Some are based on compliance with regulation information provided in this report will enable while others are done voluntarily for ethical, both experienced and new market participants competitive, or pre-compliance reasons. But to make more informed decisions and learn from they are all efforts to reduce biodiversity loss the experience of others; ultimately allowing fair, and build the cost of biodiversity impacts into stable and transparent conservation markets to economic decisions through markets or market- like instruments and payments. develop. Michael Jenkins Kate Hamilton President, Forest Trends Director, Ecosystem Marketplace State of Biodiversity Markets i List of Acronyms and Abbreviations ABP Associated British Ports IUCN International Union for the Conservation of BBOP Business and Biodiversity Offsets Program Nature BCC Biodiversity Conservation Certificates (Malaysia) LGA Ley General del Ambiente (Argentina) BLM Bureau of Land Management (US) LGEEPA Ley General de Equilibrio Ecológico y Protección al Ambiente (Mexico) BTAU Biodiversity Technical Assistance Units LOTs Large old trees (Australia) CA DFG California Department of Fish and Game LPNMA Lei da Política Nacional do Meio Ambiente CBD Convention on Biological Diversity (Brazil) CONABIO Comision Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso MHHC Manitoba Habitat Heritage Corporation de la Biodiversidad (Mexico) NEMA National Environmental Management Act (South CONAFOR Comisión Nacional Forestal (Mexico) Africa) DbD Development by Design (TNC) NGO Non-governmental organization DFO Department of Fisheries and Oceans (Canada) NMFS National Marine Fisheries Service (US) EEAA Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association EIA Environmental Impact Assessment (US) ELD Environmental Liability Directive (EU) NSW New South Wales (Australia) ELI Environmental Law Institute NSW DECCW NSW Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water EM Ecosystem Marketplace OEM Office of Environmental Markets EMP Environmental Management Plan (Mexico) PAE Plan d’Action Environnementale (Madagascar) EPBC Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act (Australia) PEMEX Petróleos Mexicanos EPE Environmental Protection Enactment (Malaysia) PES Payments for Ecosystem Services ESA Endangered Species Act PRC People’s Republic of China ESC Environmental Services Certificate (Paraguay) PROFEPA Procuraduría Federal de Protección Ambiental (Mexico) ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment PVP Property Vegetation
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