Seismicity Associated with Active, New-Born, and Re-Awakening
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The Harrat Al-Birk Basalts in Southwest Saudi Arabia: Characteristic Alkali Mafic Magmatism Related to Red Sea Rifting
Acta Geochim (2017) 36(1):74–88 DOI 10.1007/s11631-016-0126-2 ORIGINAL ARTICLE The Harrat Al-Birk basalts in southwest Saudi Arabia: characteristic alkali mafic magmatism related to Red Sea rifting Rami A. Bakhsh1 Received: 17 June 2016 / Revised: 31 July 2016 / Accepted: 19 September 2016 / Published online: 24 September 2016 Ó Science Press, Institute of Geochemistry, CAS and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016 Abstract Harrat Al-Birk volcanics are products of the Red separation of clinopyroxene followed by amphiboles and Sea rift in southwest Saudi Arabia that started in the Ter- Fe–Ti oxides, particularly ilmenite. Accordingly, the Har- tiary and reached its climax at *5 Ma. This volcanic field rat Al-Birk alkali basalts underwent crystal fractionation is almost monotonous and is dominated by basalts that that is completely absent in the exotic mantle xenoliths include mafic–ultramafic mantle xenoliths (gabbro, web- (e.g. Nemeth et al. in The Pleistocene Jabal Akwa Al sterite, and garnet-clinopyroxenite). The present work Yamaniah maar/tuff ring-scoria cone complex as an anal- presents the first detailed petrographic and geochemical ogy for future phreatomagmatic to magmatic explosive notes about the basalts. They comprise vesicular basalt, eruption scenarios in the Jizan Region, SW Saudi Arabia porphyritic basalt, and flow-textured basalt, in addition to 2014). red and black scoria. Geochemically, the volcanic rock varieties of the Harrat Al-Birk are low- to medium-Ti, Keywords Harrat Al-Birk Á Alkaline basalt Á Red Sea sodic-alkaline olivine basalts with an enriched oceanic rifting Á Hydrous mantle Á Reworked oceanic crust island signature but extruded in a within-plate environ- ment. -
SIM 3428 Pamphlet
Geologic Map of the Northern Harrat Rahat Volcanic Field, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia By Drew T. Downs, Joel E. Robinson, Mark E. Stelten, Duane E. Champion, Hannah R. Dietterich, Thomas W. Sisson, Hani Zahran, Khalid Hassan, and Jamal Shawali Pamphlet to accompany U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3428 Saudi Geological Survey Special Report SGS–SP–2019–2 2019 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior DAVID BERNHARDT, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey James F. Reilly II, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2019 For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment—visit https://www.usgs.gov or call 1–888–ASK–USGS. For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit https://store.usgs.gov. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also may contain copyrighted materials as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items must be secured from the copyright owner. Suggested citation: Downs, D.T., Robinson, J.E., Stelten, M.E., Champion, D.E., Dietterich, H.R., Sisson, T.W., Zahran, H., Hassan, K., and Shawali, J., 2019, Geologic map of the northern Harrat Rahat volcanic field, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3428 [also released as Saudi Geological Survey Special Report SGS–SP–2019–2], 65 p., 4 sheets, scales 1:75,000, 1:25,000, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3428. -
00 Preliminares Antiguo Oriente
01 Amzallag Implications_Antiguo Oriente 09/06/2015 10:21 a.m. Página 11 SOME IMPLICATIONS OF THE VOLCANIC THEOPHANY OF YHWH ON HIS PRIMEVAL IDENTITY NISSIM AMZALLAG [email protected] Ben-Gurion University in the Negev Beersheba, Israel Summary: Some Implications of the Volcanic Theophany of YHWH on His Primeval Identity YHWH’s theophany and mode of action are frequently evoked in the Bible as a vol- canic event. It is shown here that this representation, of central importance in the story of the Sinai Covenant, is probably not anchored in any specific volcanic erup- tion experienced by the Israelites in the past. In Antiquity, volcanic activity was spe- cifically associated with the gods who patronized metallurgy, given the homology between lava flowing from a volcano and slag released from a furnace at smelting. Evidence towards such a link is also identified in the Bible. Accordingly, rather than being simply a literary artifice imaging the outstanding powers of YHWH, volcanism may reflect the existence of metallurgical roots in Israelite theology. This contention is supported by Biblical evidences associating YHWH with metal production: (i) his primeval dominion in mining areas, (ii) his special worship by metalworkers, (iii) the representation of his celestial universe as a giant furnace. It is concluded that the vol- canic representation of YHWH’s theophany and mode of action reveal a surprising level of preservation of the metallurgic religious traditions in the ancient Israelite theology. Keywords: Volcanism – Metallurgy – Smelting God – Origins of Yahwism – Sinai Covenant Resumen: Algunas implicancias de la teofanía metalúrgica de Yahvé en su iden- tidad primitiva La teofanía y el modo de acción de Yahvé son frecuentemente evocadas en la Biblia como un evento volcánico. -
Bul Le Tin of the Global Vol Can Ism Net Work
Bul le tin of the Global Vol can ism Net work Vol ume 30, Num ber 11, November 2005 Karthala (Como ros Is lands) Eruption on 24 Novem ber 2005; big evacu a tion and one fa tality .........2 Piton de la Fournaise (Re union Island) Eruption on 5 Oc tober follows four months of heightened ac tivity ..5 Montagu Island (S Sand wich Islands ) N-coast delta grew during 14 Sep tem ber-4 Octo ber 2005 .......5 Aoba (Vanuatu) New eruption begins on 27 Novem ber 2005 and builds cone in crater lake ..........7 Garbuna (Pa pua New Guinea) First his tor i cally wit nessed erup tion in Oc to ber 2005 .............10 Langila (Pa pua New Guinea) Ac tive dur ing Au gust-Sep tem ber, de creas ing dur ing Oc to ber-No vem ber ....13 Fukutoku-Okanoba (Ja pan) July 2005 subma rine eruption; dis colored wa ter and debris ...........13 Karymsky (Kamchatka Pen in sula) Ex plo sions con tin ued dur ing De cem ber 2004-June 2005 .........15 Bezymianny (Kamchatka Pen in sula) Ash plumes to 10 km al titude in 2005, hot ava lanche s from the dome..16 Ed itors: Rick Wunderman, Catherine Gal ley, Ed ward Venzke, and Gari May berry Vol un teer Staff: Robert Andrews, Jerome Hudis, Jackie Gluck, Angela Stavropoulos, Ve ron ica Bemis, Wil liam Henoch, and Ste phen Bentley Global Vol canism Program · National Museum of Natu ral His tory, Room E-421, PO Box 37012 · Wash ing ton, DC 20013-7012 · USA Tele phone: (202) 633-1800 · Fax: (202) 357- 2476 · Email: gvn@vol cano.si.edu · URL: http://www.vol cano.si.edu/ The text of the Bul le tin is also distrib uted through the Volcano Listserv (vol [email protected]). -
Conference Program
CONFERENCE PROGRAM 03-05 March 2020 13th International Geological Conference WWW.SSG-SA.ORG 1 2 Organizers 3 4 Sponsors 5 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS About SSG 2020 ...................................................................................................................................... 13 Organizing Committee ............................................................................................................................ 15 SSG 2020 Scientific Committee............................................................................................................... 17 KEYNOTES ............................................................................................................................................... 25 WORKSHOPS ........................................................................................................................................... 33 Track1. Mining: Mineralogy, Geology, Engineering, and Investment Incentives ................................... 39 Track 2: Stratigraphy, Sedimentology, Basin analysis and Petroleum systems ..................................... 47 Track 3: Hydrology, Environmental and Engineering Geology ............................................................... 57 Track 4: Structural Geology, Tectonics, and Geodynamics .................................................................... 67 Track 5: Geodesy, Geoinformatics, GIS, and Remote Sensing ............................................................... 71 Track 6: Geophysical Exploration: Seismic, Potential Field -
Reptiles and Amphibians of Al Madinah Al Munawwarah Province, Saudi Arabia
Russian Journal of Herpetology Vol. 28, No. 3, 2021, pp. 123 – 137 DOI: 10.30906/1026-2296-2021-28-3-123-137 REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS OF AL MADINAH AL MUNAWWARAH PROVINCE, SAUDI ARABIA Abdulhadi A. Aloufi,1 Zuhair S. Amr,2 and Mohammad A. Abu Baker3 Submitted May 11, 2019 A total of 44 species of amphibians and reptiles are reported from Al Madinah Al Munawwarah Province, Saudi Arabia. They include two species of amphibian in two families (Bufonidae and Dicroglossidae) and 42 reptiles be- longing to 16 families (Agamidae, Boidae, Chamaeleonidae, Colubridae, Elapidae, Gekkonidae, Lacertidae, Lamprophiidae, Leptotyphlopidae, Phyllodactylidae, Psammophiidae, Scincidae, Sphaerodactylidae, Varanidae, Typhlopidae, and Viperidae). Platyceps sinai, Psammophis sibilans, Rhynchocalamus melanocephalus, are re- corded for the first time to the herpetofauna of Saudi Arabia. Range expansion for Euphlyctis ehrenbergii and Acanthocercus adramitanus to northern Saudi Arabia is reported. Our records expand the known distribution range of the Arabian Cobra, Naja arabica, further northwest. Keywords: Reptiles; amphibians; Al Madinah Province; new records; Saudi Arabia. INTRODUCTION to et al., 1985; Arnold, 1986; Al-Sadoon, 1988, 1989; Gasperetti, 1988; Al-Sadoon et al., 1991; Schätti and The area of the Al Madinah Province is located in the Gasperetti, 1994). Farag and Banaja (1980) studied the central part to the north-west of the Kingdom of Saudi herpetofauna of western Saudi Arabia, with records from Arabia (Fig. 1), with an area of about 153,800 km2. Dif- Al Madinah area. Recent studies provided more distribu- ferent types of habitats are found within Al Madinah; tional data on the amphibians (Al-Johany et al., 2014; from high mountains such as Jabal Werqaan (2393 m Al-Qahtani and Al-Johany, 2018) and reptiles (Hussein a.s.l.) and Jabal Radhwa (2282 m a.s.l.). -
Introduction to Mining,SME Mining Engineering Handbook
Hartman, Introductory Mining Engineering, Thomas, An Introduction to Mining,SME Mining Engineering Handbook Introduction Basic Definitions Mining History Mining’s Contribution to Civilization Common Minerals and Their Uses Mineral Resources in Saudi Arabia Stages of Mine Cycle Basic Definitions Mine: an excavation made in the earth to extract minerals. Mining: the activity, occupation, and industry concerned with the extraction of minerals. Mining Engineering: the art and science applied to the process of mining and the operation of mines. Mineral: a naturally occurring substance, usually inorganic, having a definite chemical composition and distinctive physical characteristics. Rock: an assemblage of minerals Ore: A natural aggregation of one or more solid minerals that can be mined, processed and sold at a profit. Waste or gangue: mineral that lacks utility and value when mined (gangue is more intimately associated with ore than is waste) Mineral deposit: geologic occurrence of minerals in relatively concentrated form. Ore deposit: economic occurrence of minerals that can be extracted at a profit. Metallic ores: include ores of the ferrous metals (iron, manganese, molybdenum, and tungsten); base metals (copper, lead, zinc, and tin); precious metals (gold, silver, and platinum); and radioactive metals (uranium, thorium, and radium). Nonmetallic ores: consist of industrial minerals such as phosphate, potash, stone, sand, gravel, sulfur, salt, and industrial diamonds. Mineral fuels: include coal, uranium, and several less common, marginal sources (lignite, oil shale, tar sand, and coal bed methane). Surface Mine: An excavation that is entirely open or operated from the surface. Underground Mine: An excavation that consists of openings for human and machine entry driven below the surface. -
An Abstract of the Thesis Of
AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Suhail Alhejji for the degree of Master of Science in Geology presented on June 3, 2019. Title: Timing and Composition of Volcanism at Harrat Ithnayn, Western Saudi Arabia. Abstract approved: ______________________________________________________ Adam J.R. Kent Western Saudi Arabia hosts a number of young volcanic fields, known as “Harrats”. Harrats cover a significant proportion of western Saudi Arabia and are associated with significant volcanic hazards. However, the ultimate cause of volcanic activity remains unclear. Younger volcanism (<12 Ma) is clearly represented by the north-south-trending region known as the Makkah-Madinah-Nafud (MMN) line, which consists of three moderate sized volcanic fields: Harrat Rahat, Harrat Khaybar, and Harrat Ithnayn. Harrat Ithnayn is the northern-most and the least studied volcanic field of the MMN line, and it has been suggested that Ithnayn represents the youngest field produced by age progressive volcanism along the MMN line. Harrat Ithnayn is thus a critical piece in the puzzle in determining the causes of the volcanic activity in the MMN line region. This research focuses primarily on investigating the age and composition of the volcanic activity at Harrat Ithnayn and how it changes through time. I apply geochronological, geochemical, and petrological methods to understand the origin and tectonic controls on volcanism in this region. I report new age determinations on 10 lava flows, one sample from the northern part of Harrat Khaybar and 9 samples from Harrat Ithnayn, by the 40Ar-39Ar laser step heating method. All ages are younger than 2 Ma and most of these lavas range in age between ~500 and 120 Ka. -
Islam for Idiots 1
A Qur’an-Alone Manual CONTENTS narratives (e.g. 12:3), parables (e.g. 14:24) and real-time Revelations (e.g. 9:5, 33:59). All of these attributes LESSON 1: ―Islam is the Qur‘an alone‖ contribute to the guiding quality of its Message. LESSON 2: ―Obeying Allah and His Messenger‖ LESSON 3: ―The good character of the Messenger‖ All Revelation permanent to its addressees is included (e.g. LESSON 4: ―‗Hadith‘ and ‗sunna‘ used in the Qur‘an‖ 33:50). Where required, context is provided by the Qur‘an LESSON 5: ―How to perform salaat‖ itself. LESSON 6: ―Pillars‖ LESSON 7: ―The Sunna of Allah‖ LESSON 8: ―The Messenger did not know the future‖ “Say: What! Do you then bid me serve others than Allah, LESSON 9 ―Wife-beating in 4:34‖ O ignorant men?” LESSON 10: ―Sample answer to the ―Combat kit against the ‗Qur‘an-Alone‘ Muslims‖‖ Qur‟an 39:64 LESSON 11: ―The qiblah is Mecca‖ LESSON 12: ―Inheritance-incompetence‖ LESSON 13: ―The punishment for theft‖ Allah is sufficient for the believers (3:173, 4:45, 4:70, 4:79, LESSON 14: Objections to a Shi‘ite regarding ―temporary 4:81, 4:132, 4:166, 4:171, 8:62, 8:64, 9:59, 9:129, 10:29, marriage‖ 13:43, 17:96, 29:52, 33:3, 33:39, 39:36, 39:38, 48:28, 65:3). LESSON 15: ―Pre-pubescent marriage‖ LESSON 16: ―Debates about Islam intending to conquer the We serve Allah by following the Qur’an (3:79, 11:1-2) world‖ LESSON 17: ―An application of the Qur‘an as constitution‖ LESSON 18: ―Refutation to certain verses used against As Muslims, we believe that the content of each hadith should ―Qur‘an-alone‖ Muslims‖ be the basis on which they are judged (as examples). -
Saudi Arabia
1 Reactivation of the Pleistocene trans-Arabian Wadi ad 2 Dawasir fluvial system (Saudi Arabia) during the 3 Holocene humid phase 4 5 Albert Matter a, Ayman Mahjoub b, Eike Neubert c, Frank Preusser d,e *, Antje Schwalb f, Sönke Szidat g, 6 Gerwin Wulf e 7 8 a Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern, Balterzerstrasse 1+3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland 9 b Saudi Geological Survey, P.O.Box 54141, Jeddah 21514, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 10 c Natural History Museum Bern, Bernastrasse 15, 3005 Bern, Switzerland 11 d Previously at: Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University, 10690 Stockholm, Sweden 12 e Institute of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 23b, 79104 Freiburg, Germany 13 f Institut für Geosysteme und Bioindikation, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany 14 g Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry & Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 15 3012 Bern, Switzerland 16 *corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] 17 18 19 Accepted version 20 21 Published in 22 Geomorphology 270 (2016) 88–101 23 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.07.013 24 | downloaded: 6.1.2020 https://doi.org/10.7892/boris.85894 source: 1 25 Abstract – The Wadi ad Dawasir fluvial system in central Saudi Arabia is investigated using 26 remote sensing and sedimentology, in combination with bio-proxy analyses (molluscs and 27 ostracods). Age control is provided by radiocarbon as well as luminescence dating, using both 28 quartz and feldspar grains. It is shown that the fluvial system was active from the Asir 29 Mountains across the partially sand-covered interior of the Arabian Peninsula to the Arabian 30 Gulf during the Holocene humid period. -
USGS Open-File Report 2009-1133, V. 1.2, Table 3
Table 3. (following pages). Spreadsheet of volcanoes of the world with eruption type assignments for each volcano. [Columns are as follows: A, Catalog of Active Volcanoes of the World (CAVW) volcano identification number; E, volcano name; F, country in which the volcano resides; H, volcano latitude; I, position north or south of the equator (N, north, S, south); K, volcano longitude; L, position east or west of the Greenwich Meridian (E, east, W, west); M, volcano elevation in meters above mean sea level; N, volcano type as defined in the Smithsonian database (Siebert and Simkin, 2002-9); P, eruption type for eruption source parameter assignment, as described in this document. An Excel spreadsheet of this table accompanies this document.] Volcanoes of the World with ESP, v 1.2.xls AE FHIKLMNP 1 NUMBER NAME LOCATION LATITUDE NS LONGITUDE EW ELEV TYPE ERUPTION TYPE 2 0100-01- West Eifel Volc Field Germany 50.17 N 6.85 E 600 Maars S0 3 0100-02- Chaîne des Puys France 45.775 N 2.97 E 1464 Cinder cones M0 4 0100-03- Olot Volc Field Spain 42.17 N 2.53 E 893 Pyroclastic cones M0 5 0100-04- Calatrava Volc Field Spain 38.87 N 4.02 W 1117 Pyroclastic cones M0 6 0101-001 Larderello Italy 43.25 N 10.87 E 500 Explosion craters S0 7 0101-003 Vulsini Italy 42.60 N 11.93 E 800 Caldera S0 8 0101-004 Alban Hills Italy 41.73 N 12.70 E 949 Caldera S0 9 0101-01= Campi Flegrei Italy 40.827 N 14.139 E 458 Caldera S0 10 0101-02= Vesuvius Italy 40.821 N 14.426 E 1281 Somma volcano S2 11 0101-03= Ischia Italy 40.73 N 13.897 E 789 Complex volcano S0 12 0101-041 -
Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) 7 Eruptions and Their Chilling Impacts GEOSPHERE; V
Research Paper THEMED ISSUE: Subduction Top to Bottom 2 GEOSPHERE Anticipating future Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) 7 eruptions and their chilling impacts GEOSPHERE; v. 14, no. 2 Chris Newhall1, Stephen Self2, and Alan Robock3 1Mirisbiris Garden and Nature Center, Sitio Mirisbiris, Barangay Salvacion, Santo Domingo, Albay 4508, Philippines doi:10.1130/GES01513.1 2Department of Earth & Planetary Science, University of California, 307 McCone Hall, Berkeley, California 94720-4767, USA 3Department of Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, 14 College Farm Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA 7 figures; 3 tables CORRESPONDENCE: cgnewhall@ gmail .com ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION CITATION: Newhall, C., Self, S., and Robock, A., 2018, Worst-case or high-end subduction-related earthquakes and tsunamis Explosive volcanic eruptions occur in a wide range of sizes, and the mod- Anticipating future Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) 7 eruptions and their chilling impacts: Geosphere, v. 14, of 2004 and 2011 are painfully fresh in our memories. High-end subduction- ern world has not yet seen an eruption of either Volcanic Explosivity Index no. 2, p. 1–32, doi:10.1130/GES01513.1. related volcanic eruptions have not occurred in recent memory, so we review (VEI) 7 or 8, the highest 2 orders of magnitude known from written and geo- historical and geologic evidence about such eruptions that will surely recur logic history (Newhall and Self, 1982; Mason et al., 2004; Global Volcanism Science Editor: Shanaka de Silva within coming centuries. Specifically, we focus on Volcanic Explosivity Index Program, 2013). Most, although not all, of these very large eruptions have oc- Guest Associate Editor: Robert Stern (VEI) 7 eruptions, which occur 1–2 times per thousand years.